资源简介 专题03 祈使句和情态动词祈使句一、基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语,谓语动词用原形。1.肯定的祈使句①句型:动词原形+其他成分。Be careful! 小心!②"Do+祈使句"表示一种强烈的感情或请求,do起强调作用。③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但please用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。Close the door, please. 请关门。2.否定的祈使句①常用句型:Don’t+动词原形+其他成分。Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了!②用Never开头:Never+动词原形+其他成分。3.Let引导的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种:Let...not或Don’t...二、祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换1."Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他"可转换为"Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他 "。2."祈使句 + and/or + 简单句"可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。三、祈使句的应答语1.以Let’s开头的祈使句,其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to. 等。2.其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ;否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again)。基础训练1.If you want to have a chat, ________ me up.A.calling B.call C.to call D.will call2._________ your homework here tomorrow, Lucy.A.Bring B.Brings C.To bring D.Bringing3.—Let’s ________ to the zoo!—I’m sorry. I must ________ my homework first.A.going; do B.go; doingC.go; do D.going; doing4.—________ silent (沉默的), please! You are in the library.—I’m sorry, madam.A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Kept5.________ the windows, Tom. There might be a heavy rain tonight.A.Remember closing B.Remembering to closeC.Remembering closing D.Remember to close6.__________ carefully, please! Look at the road sign. There is a school ahead.A.Drive B.To drive C.Driving D.Drives7.Bill, ________ talk in class. We must listen ________ the teacher.A.doesn’t; with B.doesn’t; to C.don’t; with D.don’t; to8.—Jim, ________ miss the wonderful film.—OK, I ________.A.don’t; will B.doesn’t; will C.don’t; won’t D.doesn’t; won’t9.Daniel, ________ football in the street. It’s too dangerous.A.Play B.doesn’t play C.don’t play D.plays10.—________ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I ________ be late again.A.Don’t; won’t B.Don’t be; won’tC.Don’t be; don’t D.Don’t; will11.______ play the guitar here, Jack. It’s too noisy.A.Can’t B.No C.Don’t12.—Millie,______ late for school again.—Sorry, I ______.A.don’t; am not B.won’t be; don’t C.don’t be; won’t D.won’t be; won’t13.Take the exam with great care, ______ you won’t get a good mark.A.if B.unless C.or D.and14.Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, ________ you’ll never really learn the language.A.and B.or C.so D.but15.Smile at the world, ________ the world will smile back to you.A.but B.so C.and D.for提升训练1.(24-25七年级上·吉林·阶段练习)It’s time ________ class. Let’s ________ English!A.to; read B.for, reading C.to; reading D.for, read2.(23-24七年级下·四川广元·期末)______ quiet, please. You are in the library.A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Keeps3.(23-24七年级下·广西南宁·期末)When you cross the road, please __________!A.be careful B.hurry up C.stand up4.(23-24七年级上·上海青浦·期末)______ me some icing sugar and chocolate powder, please.A.Pass B.Passing C.Passed D.To pass5.(23-24七年级上·吉林长春·期末)Let’s _______ the books in the bookcase now.A.to put B.put C.putting D.puts6.(23-24七年级上·甘肃定西·期末)________ the door please. It’s too cold.A.Open B.Don’t close C.Close D.Don’t opening7.(24-25七年级上·天津和平·期末)________ run in the yard, Tom. It is too dangerous.A.Do B.Don’t C.Not D.Doesn’t8.(24-25七年级上·天津河东·期末)________ wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.A.Don’t B.Isn’t C.Aren’t D.Can’t9.(23-24七年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)Hurry up! It’s time ________ English class. Don’t ________ late for it!A.to; be B.to have; / C.for; be D.for; /10.(23-24七年级下·云南昆明·期末)Tom, ________ listen to music. We are having class now.A.don’t B.not C.can’t D.no11.(23-24七年级下·云南昆明·期末)David, _________ make any noises in the library.A.can’t B.didn’t C.doesn’t D.don’t12.(23-24七年级下·天津南开·期末)________ talking, please. It’s time to start our lesson.A.No B.Don’t C.Let’s D.Not13.(23-24七年级下·福建漳州·期中)________ park here when you see the sign.A.No B.Not C.Don’t14.(23-24七年级下·河北廊坊期中)Work hard, ________ you’ll get good grades.A.and B.so C.or D.but15.(2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题)Don’t run in the hallways, ________ you might get hurt.A.and B.but C.so D.or情态动词一.can/could用法考点1.表示能力,意为“能,会”。could是can的过去式,表示过去的能力。辨析:can和be able to的区别情态动词 用法can 只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时。be able to 可用于各种时态。表示经过努力做成某事只能用 be able to.Will you be able to camera the lecture tomorrow 明天你能把讲座录下来吗?2.表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。could既可以表示过去的可能性,又可以表示现在的可能性,其语气更弱一些。例句This can't be the right road.不可能是这条路。3.表示请求或允许,常用于“Can/Could l/you... ”句型中。could不表示过去,而是表示委婉的请求,但答语只能用can.例-Could you help me work out the problem 你能帮我做出这道题吗?-Yes,I can.是的,可以。二、must的用法考点1.must 表示义务,意为“必须”,强调说话人的主观意志。例 You must work hard.你必须努力工作。辨析:must和have to的区别情态动词 用法must “必须”,表示说话人的主观意志;只有must这一种形式。have to “必须,不得不”,强调客观需要;有人称、数和时态的变化。You have to wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.爬山的时候你必须穿运动鞋。2.must表示推测时,指有根据、有把握的推测,只能用于肯定句。可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测。You must be a middle school student.你一定是一名中学生。3.must的否定形式mustn't意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测。表示否定推测时用can't,意为“不可能”。You mustn't park your car on this street.不许把车停在这条街道上。4.由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用“Yes,...must”,否定回答用"No,...needn't/don't have to”。例-Must I learn these words by heart 我必须熟记这些单词吗?-No,you needn't.不用。基础训练1.—Can the cat climb trees —Yes, it ________.A.do B.does C.can D.could2.— Can you play volleyball every week 一 ________. We play it on Wednesdays and Sundays.A.Yes, we do B.Yes, we can C.No, we can’t3.—Can you come to my birthday party —I’d love to, but I _________ come.A.can’t B.do not C.isn’t4.—Can you play football —Yes, I ________.A.do B.can C.am D.does5.-Mary, _________ you speak Chinese -Yes, only a little.A.must B.can C.need6.—Can Gina play the piano —_________. But she can play the guitar.A.Yes, she does B.Yes, she can C.No, she doesn’t D.No, she can’t7.My mother ________ sing, but she can dance.A.doesn’t B.don’t C.can’t8.—________ Tom draw pictures well —Yes, he can. He likes it.A.Can B.May C.Must9.You ________ finish your homework before you watch TV.A.must B.can C.may10.— Must I tidy up my bedroom now — No, you ________. The robotic vacuum will clean it up.A.may not B.needn’t C.haven’t to D.mustn’t11.Everybody ________ drive after he or she drinks wine.A.couldn’t B.needn’t C.may not D.mustn’t12.I can’t go to the party because I ________ do my homework.A.must B.can C.has to13.You _________ go across the road when the red light is on. Everyone must obey the rule.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t14.If God closes a door in front of you, there ________ be a window opened for you.A.can B.may C.must15.—________ I swim here —I’m sorry. Children ________ swim alone here. It’s very dangerous.A.Must; can’t B.May; have notC.Can; mustn’t D.Can; needn’t16.My brother ________ (not have) to go to school today because it’s a holiday.A.doesn’t have B.didn’t have C.won’t have D.doesn’t have to17.— Must we sing a song at the party — No, you ________.A.mustn’t B.haven’t to C.not have to D.don’t have to18.—Mum, may I go to the party with my classmate tonight —Yes, honey, but I’m afraid you _______ be back before 10.A.can B.may C.have to19.—Can I take the book out of the reading room —No, you ________. You ________ read it here. It’s the rule.A.can; must B.don’t have to; mustC.can’t; have to D.mustn’t; can20.It is very warm here. You ________ wear the coat.A.must B.don’t have to C.have to D.must not提升训练1.(24-25七年级上·甘肃陇南·期末)— ________ Tom draw pictures well — Yes, he can. He likes it.A.Can B.Does C.Would D.Is2.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)—Emma, ________ you play weqi —No, but I want to learn to play it.A.may B.must C.can D.should3.(24-25七年级上·西藏拉萨·期末)—Can you speak English, Ling ling —Yes, I ________.A.must B.can C.should D.may4.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期中)Alice is only five years old, but she ________ play the piano very well.A.need B.can C.must5.(23-24七年级下·福建福州·期末)—Your little brother ________ ride a bike very well now.—Yes, but he ________ do it last year.A.can; could B.could; couldn’t C.can; couldn’t6.(23-24七年级下·江苏徐州·期末)—Could I smoke here, sir —Sorry, I’m afraid you ________.A.can B.can’t C.could D.couldn’t7.(23-24七年级下·湖北孝感·月考)—________Tom draw pictures well —Yes, he can. He likes it.A.Can B.MayC.Must D.Need8.(24-25七年级上·上海虹口·期中)To ensure the safety of all students, the school has a rule that you __________ leave the classroom during the class without permission.A.must B.mustn’t C.don’t have to D.can9.(23-24七年级下·河北保定·期末)Before we cross the road, we ________ stop and look both ways.A.may B.may not C.must D.mustn’t10.(23-24七年级下·湖北武汉·期末)He ________ listen to the teacher carefully in class.A.has B.have to C.must D.must to11.(23-24七年级下·上海徐汇·期末)—______ I water these plants and flowers every day — No, you needn’t.A.Must B.Can C.May D.Will12.(23-24七年级下·山东临沂·期末)Nancy doesn’t ________ get up so early on the weekend.A.need B.must C.have to13.(23-24七年级下·福建泉州·期末)—Mom, I don’t want to go to school with that uniform (校服).—But you ________, honey. It’s a rule, you know that.A.have to B.can C.may14.(23-24七年级下·四川成都·期末)—Linda, can you go out with me now —I’m afraid I ________ do the dishes first.A.can B.could C.have to15.(23-24七年级下·江苏·月考)—Could you join us this afternoon —Sorry, I _______. I take care of my little sister because my mother is out.A.can’t; may B.couldn’t; have to C.can’t; have to D.couldn’t; may21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题03 祈使句和情态动词祈使句一、基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语,谓语动词用原形。1.肯定的祈使句①句型:动词原形+其他成分。Be careful! 小心!②"Do+祈使句"表示一种强烈的感情或请求,do起强调作用。③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但please用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。Close the door, please. 请关门。2.否定的祈使句①常用句型:Don’t+动词原形+其他成分。Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了!②用Never开头:Never+动词原形+其他成分。3.Let引导的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种:Let...not或Don’t...二、祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换1."Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他"可转换为"Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他 "。2."祈使句 + and/or + 简单句"可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。三、祈使句的应答语1.以Let’s开头的祈使句,其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to. 等。2.其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ;否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again)。基础训练1.If you want to have a chat, ________ me up.A.calling B.call C.to call D.will call【答案】B【详解】句意:如果你想聊聊,给我打电话。考查if条件句。根据“If you want to have a chat”可知,句子是if条件句,主句可以是祈使句,故选B。2._________ your homework here tomorrow, Lucy.A.Bring B.Brings C.To bring D.Bringing【答案】A【详解】句意:露西,明天把你的作业带来。考查祈使句。分析句子结构,此处是祈使句,应用动词原形开头,故选A。3.—Let’s ________ to the zoo!—I’m sorry. I must ________ my homework first.A.going; do B.go; doingC.go; do D.going; doing【答案】C【详解】句意:——让我们去动物园吧!——对不起。我必须先做我的家庭作业。考查非谓语。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,第一空用动词原形;情态动词must后跟动词原形。故选C。4.—________ silent (沉默的), please! You are in the library.—I’m sorry, madam.A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Kept【答案】A【详解】句意:——请保持安静!你在图书馆。——对不起,夫人。考查祈使句。根据“... silent (沉默的), please!”可知,该句是祈使句,用动词原形开头,句首首字母大写。故选A。5.________ the windows, Tom. There might be a heavy rain tonight.A.Remember closing B.Remembering to closeC.Remembering closing D.Remember to close【答案】D【详解】句意:记得关上窗户,汤姆。 今晚可能会下大雨。考查非谓语动词。根据“…the windows, Tom.”,句子为祈使句,动词用其原形,因此排除B、C选项;remember to do sth.记得去做某事;remember doing sth.记得做过某事,根据“There might be a heavy rain tonight”可知,此处正在提醒Tom记得去关窗户,因此排除A选项。故选D。6.__________ carefully, please! Look at the road sign. There is a school ahead.A.Drive B.To drive C.Driving D.Drives【答案】A【详解】句意:请小心驾驶!看一看路标,前面有一所学校。考查祈使句。根据“carefully, please”可知是祈使句的肯定形式,用动词原形“drive”放在句子开头。故选A。7.Bill, ________ talk in class. We must listen ________ the teacher.A.doesn’t; with B.doesn’t; to C.don’t; with D.don’t; to【答案】D【详解】句意:比尔,不要在课堂上说话。我们必须听老师讲课。考查祈使句和介词。第一空结合句意可知,此处是对比尔的建议,属于祈使句,否定祈使句以don’t开头,意为“不要”;第二空,listen to“听……”,固定搭配。故选D。8.—Jim, ________ miss the wonderful film.—OK, I ________.A.don’t; will B.doesn’t; will C.don’t; won’t D.doesn’t; won’t【答案】C【详解】句意:——Jim,不要错过这部精彩的电影。——好的,我不会错过的。考查祈使句。根据“Jim, ... miss the wonderful film”可知,此处应是让Jim不要错过电影,是祈使句的否定形式,结构为don’t+动词原形,表示建议,排除BD;由上句提到的是“wonderful film”和答句“OK, I ...”可知,Jim表示将不会错过,是将来的否定,因此用won’t。故选C。9.Daniel, ________ football in the street. It’s too dangerous.A.Play B.doesn’t play C.don’t play D.plays【答案】C【详解】句意:Daniel,别在街上踢足球。太危险了。考查祈使句。根据句意以及句式结构可知,该句是祈使句。“don’t +动词原形”即“不要做……”。故选C。10.—________ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I ________ be late again.A.Don’t; won’t B.Don’t be; won’tC.Don’t be; don’t D.Don’t; will【答案】B【详解】句意:——蒂姆,不要再上学迟到了。——对不起,我不会再迟到了。考查否定祈使句。否定祈使句结构为“Don’t + 动词原形”,be late for“迟到”;根据“Sorry, I…be late again.”可知此处是指将来的否定,需用“won’t”。故选B。11.______ play the guitar here, Jack. It’s too noisy.A.Can’t B.No C.Don’t【答案】C【详解】句意:请不要在这里弹吉他,Jack。太吵了。考查祈使句。分析句子可知,此句为祈使句的否定形式:Don’t+动词原形。故选C。12.—Millie,______ late for school again.—Sorry, I ______.A.don’t; am not B.won’t be; don’t C.don’t be; won’t D.won’t be; won’t【答案】C【详解】句意:——Millie,不要再迟到了。——抱歉,我不会了。考查否定祈使句及答句。根据否定祈使句的构成:1、Don’t+动词原形;2、No+动名词。根据第一个空后面的late是形容词可知,前面要加be,所以用don’t be,祈使句的谓语动词用的是动词原形,动作是未发生的。因此常用I/we will 回答其肯定式;用sorry,I won't来回答否定式,故选C。13.Take the exam with great care, ______ you won’t get a good mark.A.if B.unless C.or D.and【答案】C【详解】句意:认真对待考试,否则你不会得到一个好成绩的。考查连词。if如果;unless除非;or否则;and和。根据“Take the exam with great care,...you won’t get a good mark.”可知,前句说的是“认真对待考试”,后句是“你不会获得一个好成绩”,前后两句是转折关系,用or“否则”符合语境。故选C。14.Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, ________ you’ll never really learn the language.A.and B.or C.so D.but【答案】B【详解】句意:不要害怕犯错误,否则你永远不会真正学会一门语言。考查连词。and和;or否则;so所以;but但是。根据“Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, ...you’ll never really learn the language.”可知,此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构,or符合语境,表示“不要害怕犯错,否则永远都学不会一门语言”。故选B。15.Smile at the world, ________ the world will smile back to you.A.but B.so C.and D.for【答案】C【详解】句意:对这个世界微笑,这个世界就会对你微笑。考查连词辨析。but但是;so所以;and和;for因为。根据“Smile at the world...the world will smile back to you.”可知此处是固定句型,是结构“祈使句+and+陈述句”。故选C。提升训练1.(24-25七年级上·吉林·阶段练习)It’s time ________ class. Let’s ________ English!A.to; read B.for, reading C.to; reading D.for, read【答案】D【详解】句意:该上课了。让我们读英语吧。考查介词及祈使句。it’s time for sth“是该做某事的时候了”,固定搭配,用介词for;let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,用动词原形。故选D。2.(23-24七年级下·四川广元·期末)______ quiet, please. You are in the library.A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Keeps【答案】A【详解】句意:请保持安静。你在图书馆。考查祈使句。根据“You are in the library.”可知,在图书馆要保持安静,此处是祈使句的肯定形式,动词用原形。故选A。3.(23-24七年级下·广西南宁·期末)When you cross the road, please __________!A.be careful B.hurry up C.stand up【答案】A【详解】句意:过马路时,请小心!考查祈使句。be careful小心;hurry up快点;stand up起立。根据“When you cross the road”可知,过马路时要小心。故选A。4.(23-24七年级上·上海青浦·期末)______ me some icing sugar and chocolate powder, please.A.Pass B.Passing C.Passed D.To pass【答案】A【详解】句意:请递给我一些糖霜和巧克力粉。考查祈使句。Pass递,动词原形;Passed动词pass的过去式;Passing动名词;To pass动词不定式。分析句子可知,此句无主语,表示请求,是肯定祈使句,用动词原形开头。故选A。5.(23-24七年级上·吉林长春·期末)Let’s _______ the books in the bookcase now.A.to put B.put C.putting D.puts【答案】B【详解】句意:我们现在就把书放到书架上吧。考查动词形式。to put不定式;put放,原形;putting动名词;puts三单形式。let’s do sth.“让我们做某事”,故选B。6.(23-24七年级上·甘肃定西·期末)________ the door please. It’s too cold.A.Open B.Don’t close C.Close D.Don’t opening【答案】C【详解】句意:请把门关上,太冷了。考查祈使句和动词辨析。Open打开;Don’t close不要关;Close关闭;Don’t opening语法错误。根据“it’s too cold”可知,太冷了,请关上门。故选C。7.(24-25七年级上·天津和平·期末)________ run in the yard, Tom. It is too dangerous.A.Do B.Don’t C.Not D.Doesn’t【答案】B【详解】句意:汤姆,别在院子里奔跑。这很危险。考查祈使句。根据“...run in the yard, Tom. It is too dangerous.”可知,指不要在院子里跑,是否定祈使句,结构是don’t+动词原形,故选B。8.(24-25七年级上·天津河东·期末)________ wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.A.Don’t B.Isn’t C.Aren’t D.Can’t【答案】A【详解】句意:本,不要吵醒你妹妹。她需要好好睡一觉。考查否定祈使句。Don’t不,祈使句的否定形式;Isn’t难道不,否定疑问句开头;Aren’t难道不,否定疑问句开头;Can’t不能,情态动词的否定形式。根据题意及句后标点“.”可知,此句是否定祈使句,要用don’t+动词原形。故选A。9.(23-24七年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)Hurry up! It’s time ________ English class. Don’t ________ late for it!A.to; be B.to have; / C.for; be D.for; /【答案】C【详解】句意:快点!该上英语课了,别迟到了!考查it固定句型和祈使句。第一空,根据“It’s time … English class.”可知,此处考查It’s time to do sth./for sth.“该是做某事的时候了”,it固定句型,排除A;第二空,根据“don’t … late for it”可知,这里考查be late for“迟到”,形容词短语;句子为祈使句的否定形式,don’t后接动词原形“be”,排除B和D。故选C。10.(23-24七年级下·云南昆明·期末)Tom, ________ listen to music. We are having class now.A.don’t B.not C.can’t D.no【答案】A【详解】句意:汤姆,不要听音乐。我们现在正在上课。考查祈使句。don’t不要;not不是;can’t不能;no不。根据“We are having class now.”可知,现在在上课,课堂上不能听音乐,句式为祈使句的否定形式,故应用don’t+动词原形。故选A。11.(23-24七年级下·云南昆明·期末)David, _________ make any noises in the library.A.can’t B.didn’t C.doesn’t D.don’t【答案】D【详解】句意:大卫,不要在图书馆里制造噪音。考查否定祈使句。根据“David, …make any noises in the library.”可知,此处指“不要在图书馆里制造噪音”,为否定祈使句,其结构为“don’t do sth.”。故选D。12.(23-24七年级下·天津南开·期末)________ talking, please. It’s time to start our lesson.A.No B.Don’t C.Let’s D.Not【答案】A【详解】句意:请不要说话。到上课的时间了。考查祈使句。No+动名词,祈使句否定形式;Don’t+动词原形,祈使句否定形式;Let’s do/not do sth.,祈使句肯定/否定形式。此处是No talking“不要说话”。故选A。13.(23-24七年级下·福建漳州·期中)________ park here when you see the sign.A.No B.Not C.Don’t【答案】C【详解】句意:当你看到这个标志时,不要在这里停车。考查祈使句。根据“…park here when you see the sign.”可知,此处指不要在这里停车,句子是祈使句,祈使句的否定形式为“Don’t+动词原形”,此处应填Don’t。故选C。14.(23-24七年级下·河北廊坊期中)Work hard, ________ you’ll get good grades.A.and B.so C.or D.but【答案】A【详解】句意:努力学习,你就会取得好成绩。考查祈使句的用法。and那么;so因此;or否则;but但是。分析可知,“取得好成绩”是“努力学习”的结果,所以此处为“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型,其中and表示“那么”。故选A。15.(2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题)Don’t run in the hallways, ________ you might get hurt.A.and B.but C.so D.or【答案】D【详解】句意:不要在走廊上跑,否则你会受伤的。考查连词辨析。and和;but但是;so因此;or否则。本句是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句式,前后句是转折关系,应用or连接,表“否则,要不然”。故选D。情态动词一.can/could用法考点1.表示能力,意为“能,会”。could是can的过去式,表示过去的能力。辨析:can和be able to的区别情态动词 用法can 只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时。be able to 可用于各种时态。表示经过努力做成某事只能用 be able to.Will you be able to camera the lecture tomorrow 明天你能把讲座录下来吗?2.表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。could既可以表示过去的可能性,又可以表示现在的可能性,其语气更弱一些。例句This can't be the right road.不可能是这条路。3.表示请求或允许,常用于“Can/Could l/you... ”句型中。could不表示过去,而是表示委婉的请求,但答语只能用can.例-Could you help me work out the problem 你能帮我做出这道题吗?-Yes,I can.是的,可以。二、must的用法考点1.must 表示义务,意为“必须”,强调说话人的主观意志。例 You must work hard.你必须努力工作。辨析:must和have to的区别情态动词 用法must “必须”,表示说话人的主观意志;只有must这一种形式。have to “必须,不得不”,强调客观需要;有人称、数和时态的变化。You have to wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.爬山的时候你必须穿运动鞋。2.must表示推测时,指有根据、有把握的推测,只能用于肯定句。可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测。You must be a middle school student.你一定是一名中学生。3.must的否定形式mustn't意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测。表示否定推测时用can't,意为“不可能”。You mustn't park your car on this street.不许把车停在这条街道上。4.由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用“Yes,...must”,否定回答用"No,...needn't/don't have to”。例-Must I learn these words by heart 我必须熟记这些单词吗?-No,you needn't.不用。基础训练1.—Can the cat climb trees —Yes, it ________.A.do B.does C.can D.could【答案】C【详解】句意:——这只猫会爬树吗?——是的,它可以。考查一般疑问句的肯定回答。Can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can。故选C。2.— Can you play volleyball every week 一 ________. We play it on Wednesdays and Sundays.A.Yes, we do B.Yes, we can C.No, we can’t【答案】B【详解】句意:——你们每周都能打排球吗?——是的,我们可以。我们在星期三和星期天玩。考查情态动词can的一般疑问句回答。根据“Can you play volleyball every week ”可知,用can回答,而不是do,排除选项A;根据“We play it on Wednesdays and Sundays.”可知是肯定回答,故选B。3.—Can you come to my birthday party —I’d love to, but I _________ come.A.can’t B.do not C.isn’t【答案】A【详解】句意:——你能来参加我的生日聚会吗?——我想去,但是我去不了。考查情态动词。根据“I’d love to, but I...come.”可知,此句表达想去但是不能去,情态动词引导的疑问句,表否定,can’t“不能”,否定形式。故选A。4.—Can you play football —Yes, I ________.A.do B.can C.am D.does【答案】B【详解】句意:——你会踢足球吗?——是的,我会。考查一般疑问句的回答。do助动词,用于一般现在时;can能够,情态动词;am系动词,用于第一人称单数;does助动词,用于第三人称单数。根据问句“Can you play football ”可知,句中是用情态动词“can”来询问某人是否有能力做某事。回答时,应用“can”来对应,表达肯定的回答。故选B。5.-Mary, _________ you speak Chinese -Yes, only a little.A.must B.can C.need【答案】B【详解】句意:——玛丽,你会说中文吗?——是的,只会一点点。考查情态动词辨析。must必须,一定;can;能,会;need需要。根据“-Mary,…you speak Chinese -Yes, only a little.”可知,对话询问是否具备说中文的能力可知,要用can来提问。故选B。6.—Can Gina play the piano —_________. But she can play the guitar.A.Yes, she does B.Yes, she can C.No, she doesn’t D.No, she can’t【答案】D【详解】句意:——吉娜会弹钢琴吗?——不,她不会。但她会弹吉他。考查一般疑问句的回答。Yes, she does是的,她不行,一般现在时的一般疑问句;Yes, she can是的,她能,情态动词的一般疑问句;No, she doesn’t不,她不行,一般现在时的一般疑问句;No, she can’t不,她不能,情态动词的一般疑问句。根据“Can Gina play the piano ”可知,此句是含情态动词的一般疑问句,肯定回答应用can,结合下文“But she can play the guitar.”可知,是否定回答。故选D。7.My mother ________ sing, but she can dance.A.doesn’t B.don’t C.can’t【答案】C【详解】句意:我妈妈不会唱歌,但是她会跳舞。考查情态动词。doesn’t不,用于第三人称单数现在时;don’t不,用于第一、二人称或第三人称复数现在时;can’t不会。根据“but she can dance”可知,她不会唱歌。故选C。8.—________ Tom draw pictures well —Yes, he can. He likes it.A.Can B.May C.Must【答案】A【详解】句意:——汤姆会画画吗?——是的,他可以。他喜欢它。考查情态动词。can能;may可能;must必须。根据“Yes, he can”可知此处询问他能不能画画,表示能力,用can。故选A。9.You ________ finish your homework before you watch TV.A.must B.can C.may【答案】A【详解】句意:在看电视之前,你必须先完成作业。考查情态动词。must必须;can能;may可能。根据“finish your homework before you watch TV.”可知在看电视之前,必须先完成作业。故选A。10.— Must I tidy up my bedroom now — No, you ________. The robotic vacuum will clean it up.A.may not B.needn’t C.haven’t to D.mustn’t【答案】B【详解】句意:——我现在必须整理我的卧室吗?——不,你不必。扫地机器人会清理干净的。考查情态动词用法。may not不能; needn’t不必;haven’t to无此搭配;mustn’t禁止。must引导的一般疑问句否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to,故选B。11.Everybody ________ drive after he or she drinks wine.A.couldn’t B.needn’t C.may not D.mustn’t【答案】D【详解】句意:任何人酒后不准驾车。考查情态动词辨析。couldn’t不可能;needn’t不必;may not也许不;mustn’t禁止,不允许。根据“Everybody ... drive after he or she drinks wine.”及常识可知,酒后驾车是被禁止的。故选D。12.I can’t go to the party because I ________ do my homework.A.must B.can C.has to【答案】A【详解】句意:我不能去参加聚会,因为我必须做作业。考查情态动词辨析。must必须;can能够;has to不得不。根据“I can’t go to the party because I … do my homework”可知,必须要做作业,所以不能去参加聚会,排除B选项。根据I可知,动词不能用三单,排除C选项,故选A。13.You _________ go across the road when the red light is on. Everyone must obey the rule.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t【答案】C【详解】句意:红灯时,你禁止过马路。每个人必须遵守交通规则。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能;needn’t不必;mustn’t表示禁止、不许;shouldn’t不应该。根据时间状语从句“when the traffic light is red.”可知,红灯亮时应是禁止过马路。故选C。14.If God closes a door in front of you, there ________ be a window opened for you.A.can B.may C.must【答案】C【详解】句意:如果上帝在你面前关上一扇门,那一定有一扇窗为你打开。考查情态动词。can能够;may可能;must一定。根据“If God closes a door in front of you, there ... be a window opened for you.”可知,是指如果上帝在你面前关上一扇门,那一定会为你打开一扇窗,此处用must表示肯定的推测。故选C。15.—________ I swim here —I’m sorry. Children ________ swim alone here. It’s very dangerous.A.Must; can’t B.May; have notC.Can; mustn’t D.Can; needn’t【答案】C【详解】句意:——我能在这里游泳吗? ——非常抱歉。孩子们禁止独自在这里游泳。这非常危险。考查情态动词。Must必须;can’t不能;May可以,表请求;have not没有;Can可以,表请求;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必。根据后句“I’m sorry.”可知,第一空应是表示请求的提问;再根据“It’s very dangerous.”可知,这里很危险,故推测第二空是禁止孩子们独自在这里游泳,应用mustn’t表示“禁止,不准”。故选C。16.My brother ________ (not have) to go to school today because it’s a holiday.A.doesn’t have B.didn’t have C.won’t have D.doesn’t have to【答案】A【详解】句意:我弟弟今天不用上学,因为今天是假期。考查时态和have to的用法。have有;have to不得不。根据“today”可知句子用一般现在时,主语是My brother,助动词用doesn’t,根据“to go to school today because it’s a holiday.”可知此处是不必去上学,用doesn’t have to。故选A。17.— Must we sing a song at the party — No, you ________.A.mustn’t B.haven’t to C.not have to D.don’t have to【答案】D【详解】句意:——我们必须在聚会上唱首歌吗?——不,你们不必。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;haven’t to错误表达;not have to错误表达;don’t have to不必。回答must问句否定回答一般用needn’t/don’t have to,故选D。18.—Mum, may I go to the party with my classmate tonight —Yes, honey, but I’m afraid you _______ be back before 10.A.can B.may C.have to【答案】C【详解】句意:——妈妈,我今晚可以和我的同学去参加派对吗?——是的,亲爱的,但恐怕你得在10点前回来。考查情态动词。can可以,may可能,have to必须,不得不。根据“Yes, honey, but I’m afraid you...be back before 10.”可知,妈妈在同意孩子去参加派对的同时,也提出了一个条件,即必须在10点之前回来,所以应该用have to。故选C。19.—Can I take the book out of the reading room —No, you ________. You ________ read it here. It’s the rule.A.can; must B.don’t have to; mustC.can’t; have to D.mustn’t; can【答案】C【详解】句意:——我可以把书带出阅览室吗?——不,你不能。你必须在这里阅读。这是规则。考查情态动词辨析。can可以;can’t不可以;must必须;don’t have to不需要;have to必须,不得不;mustn’t禁止。“Can I…”表示请求允许,否定回答用No, you can’t。根据“It’s the rule.”可知,这是规则要求,表示“必须”。故选C。20.It is very warm here. You ________ wear the coat.A.must B.don’t have to C.have to D.must not【答案】B【详解】句意:这里很暖和。你不需要穿外套。考查情态动词。must必须;don’t have to不需要;have to不得不;must not表禁止,根据空前的“It is very warm here”可知,应该是你不需要穿外套,故选B。提升训练1.(24-25七年级上·甘肃陇南·期末)— ________ Tom draw pictures well — Yes, he can. He likes it.A.Can B.Does C.Would D.Is【答案】A【详解】句意:——汤姆可以画得好吗?——是的,他可以。他喜欢画画。考查一般疑问句及情态动词。Can能;Does助动词do的第三人称单数现在时形式,无含义;Would将会;Is是。根据“Yes, he can.”可知,空处应提问“汤姆能画得好的吗”,用情态动词can提问。故选A。2.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)—Emma, ________ you play weqi —No, but I want to learn to play it.A.may B.must C.can D.should【答案】C【详解】句意:——艾玛,你会下围棋吗?——不会,但我想学习如何玩它。考查情态动词辨析。may可以;must必须;can能,可以;should应该。根据“Emma, ... you play weqi ”可知,此处是问艾玛会不会下围棋,用can表示能力。故选C。3.(24-25七年级上·西藏拉萨·期末)—Can you speak English, Ling ling —Yes, I ________.A.must B.can C.should D.may【答案】B【详解】句意:——你能说英语吗?——是的,我能。考查情态动词。must必须;can可以;should应该;may可能。根据“Can you...”可知,是在询问对方能否会说英语,其肯定回答为:Yes, I can。故选B。4.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期中)Alice is only five years old, but she ________ play the piano very well.A.need B.can C.must【答案】B【详解】句意:Alice只有五岁,但她可以把钢琴弹得很好。考查情态动词辨析。need需要;can可以,能够;must一定,必须。but是转折,前面意思是“Alice只有五岁”,那么后面应该是“但她可以把钢琴弹得很好”,所以用can,表示能力。故选B。5.(23-24七年级下·福建福州·期末)—Your little brother ________ ride a bike very well now.—Yes, but he ________ do it last year.A.can; could B.could; couldn’t C.can; couldn’t【答案】C【详解】句意:——你的小弟弟现在可以很好地骑自行车了。——是的,但他去年做不到。考查情态动词辨析。can可以,能够;could可以,能够(can的过去式);couldn’t不能。根据“Yes, but he…do it last year.”可知,第一个空处应表达肯定,并且句中now表明句子应用一般现在时;第二个空表达否定,并且句中last year表明句子应用一般过去时。故选C。6.(23-24七年级下·江苏徐州·期末)—Could I smoke here, sir —Sorry, I’m afraid you ________.A.can B.can’t C.could D.couldn’t【答案】B【详解】句意:——先生,我可以在这里抽烟吗?——对不起,恐怕你不能。考查一般疑问句的回答和情态动词。can能;can’t不能;could能,can的过去式;couldn’t不能,can’t的过去式。根据“Could I smoke here, sir ”可知,Could开头的疑问句回答时用can回答,结合“Sorry”可知,空处应是说“不能”,用can’t。故选B。7.(23-24七年级下·湖北孝感·月考)—________Tom draw pictures well —Yes, he can. He likes it.A.Can B.MayC.Must D.Need【答案】A【详解】句意:——汤姆可以画得好吗?——是的,他可以。他喜欢它。考查情态动词。Can能;May可以;Must必须;Need需要。根据“Yes, he can.”可知,空处应提问汤姆能画得好的吗,用情态动词can提问。故选A。8.(24-25七年级上·上海虹口·期中)To ensure the safety of all students, the school has a rule that you __________ leave the classroom during the class without permission.A.must B.mustn’t C.don’t have to D.can【答案】B【详解】句意:为了确保所有学生的安全,学校有一条规定,上课期间未经允许,你不得离开教室。考查情态动词。must必须;mustn’t禁止,不允许;don’t have to不必;can可以。根据“To ensure the safety of all students”及“without permission”可知,上课期间未经允许,禁止离开教室,mustn’t符合语境。故选B。9.(23-24七年级下·河北保定·期末)Before we cross the road, we ________ stop and look both ways.A.may B.may not C.must D.mustn’t【答案】C【详解】句意:在过马路之前,我们必须停下来观察马路两边。考查情态动词辨析。 may可能;may not可能不;must必须;must’t禁止。根据“we...stop and look both ways.”可知,此处表示“必须”停下来。故选C。10.(23-24七年级下·湖北武汉·期末)He ________ listen to the teacher carefully in class.A.has B.have to C.must D.must to【答案】C【详解】句意:上课时他必须认真听老师讲课。考查情态动词。has有;have to不得不,有人称、时态和单复数的变化;must必须,没有人称和数的变化;must to错误形式。根据“He ... listen to the teacher carefully in class.”可知,此处表示他必须上课认真听老师讲课,主语是三单He,空处用must表示“必须”,后直接跟动词原形。故选C。11.(23-24七年级下·上海徐汇·期末)—______ I water these plants and flowers every day — No, you needn’t.A.Must B.Can C.May D.Will【答案】A【详解】句意:——我必须每天给这些花草浇水吗?——不,你不需要。考查情态动词。Must必须;Can能;May可能;Will将会。根据答语“No, you needn’t.”可知,此处用情态动词Must开头的一般疑问句,意为“必须”符合语境,表达我必须每天给这些花草浇水吗。故选A。12.(23-24七年级下·山东临沂·期末)Nancy doesn’t ________ get up so early on the weekend.A.need B.must C.have to【答案】C【详解】句意:南希没有必要在周末起的如此早。考查情态动词。need需要;must必须;have to不得不。情态动词否定应直接加not,need的否定为needn’t,must的否定形式为mustn’t,排除A、B,doesn’t have to“没有必要”符合语境。故选C。13.(23-24七年级下·福建泉州·期末)—Mom, I don’t want to go to school with that uniform (校服).—But you ________, honey. It’s a rule, you know that.A.have to B.can C.may【答案】A【详解】句意:——-妈妈,我不想穿这身校服去上学。——但你必须这么做,亲爱的。这是规则,你知道的。考查动词辨析。have to不得不,必须;can可以;may也许。根据“It’s a rule”可知,是规定,必须穿校服,故选A。14.(23-24七年级下·四川成都·期末)—Linda, can you go out with me now —I’m afraid I ________ do the dishes first.A.can B.could C.have to【答案】C【详解】句意:——琳达,你现在能和我一起出去吗?——恐怕我得先洗碗。考查情态动词。can能;could能;have to不得不。根据“I’m afraid I...do the dishes first”可知不得不先洗碗。故选C。15.(23-24七年级下·江苏·月考)—Could you join us this afternoon —Sorry, I _______. I take care of my little sister because my mother is out.A.can’t; may B.couldn’t; have to C.can’t; have to D.couldn’t; may【答案】C【详解】句意:——今天下午你能加入我们吗?——对不起,我不能。我不得不照顾我的小妹妹,因为我母亲外出了。根据Could you join us this afternoon 是询问是否能做某事,表示征询意见,如果允许,用can,不允许用can’t。may可以; have to不得不;根据sorry表示不允许,故用can’t。根据because my mother is out.可知母亲外出,他不得不照顾他的妹妹,故用have to。故选C。21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 人教版2025年七年级英语下学期期末总复习(知识梳理)考点清单03祈使句和情态动词(can,haveto,must)(学生版).docx 人教版2025年七年级英语下学期期末总复习(知识梳理)考点清单03祈使句和情态动词(can,haveto,must)(教师版).docx