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2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真卷
英 语
(满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why does the woman look unhappy
A. She worked overtime last night.
B. She has an upset stomach.
C. She missed her favourite movie
2. What does the man probably want to do
A. Go shopping. B. Have a rest. C. Watch a film.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a living room. B. In the man’s office. C. In a movie theatre.
4. What colour is the girl’s new shirt probably
A. Pink. B. White. C. Black.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Studying abroad. B. A trip in France. C. The man’s brother.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Robert doing now
A. Seeing a partner. B. Hosting a meeting. C. Making a phone call.
7. What time is it
A. Around 2:40 p.m. B. Around 3:00 p.m. C. Around 3:20 p.m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is wrong with Frank
A. His leg is broken. B. He has his arm hurt. C. He suffers head injuries.
9. How did the accident happen
A. Frank ran a red light.
B. Frank was speeding.
C. Frank didn’t concentrate on driving.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Workmates. B. Policeman and driver. C. Salesman and customer.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why did the woman fail to get her table
A. The number of the diners changed.
B. The man forgot to keep the table for her.
C. She arrived at the restaurant half an hour late.
12. When will the show start
A. At 12:30 p.m. B. At 1 p.m. C. At 2 p.m.
13. What will the woman and her friends probably do next
A. Go to another restaurant. B. Wait for a big room. C. Sit at two different tables.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why is Mark calling the gardening show
A. To save a dead rose bush.
B. To get a climbing rose bush.
C. To ask advice on rose planting.
15. What happened to the rose bush
A. Mark killed it with chemicals accidentally.
B. Mark replaced it with a quick-growing plant.
C. Mark knocked it over with his truck.
16. What can Mark do to solve the problem
A. Use some chemicals. B. Water it often. C. Nothing.
17. What does Susan advise Mark to do
A. Apologize to his wife.
B. Put away the chemicals.
C. Take his wife on a vacation.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What type are most of the letters
A. Military letters. B. Business letters. C. Love letters
19. Who is Renaud Morieux
A. A sailor. B. The lead researcher. C. A captain.
20. How did people communicate in the 18th century
A. By letter. B. By telephone. C. By telegram.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Iconic Wonders in the World
Cambodia’s epic Angkor Wat
The jungle-choked ruins of the world’s largest religious structure feel even more otherworldly away from the crowds.
Bypass the crowds struggling for the perfect sunrise shot at the main temple and begin your exploration at the likes of Ta Prohm with its Tomb Raider vibes. If you get here early enough (the gates open at 5 a.m. ) you might be lucky enough to enjoy a section of the epic12th-century site to yourself for a while.
The Extraordinary Archaeological (考古的) Site of Petra
It’s the moment you catch sight of the rock-carved front of The Treasury through the narrow timeworn passageway of the Siq that you expect most. But the true awe inspired by the rose city of Petra, tucked deep in the desert canyons of present-day Jordan, dawns over a day spent exploring this famous archaeological site.
An American icon
One of the Seven Wonders of the Natural World, the Grand Canyon is an icon of the United States: synonymous (同义) with the vast expanse of the American West and of spiritual importance to the 11 Associated Tribes that maintain deep connections with the landscape.
Kenya’s Great Migration
Hungry crocodiles snap at the tails of wildebeest and zebras crossing the Mara River.
Most of the mammals escape safely to the other side, only to be faced up by equally hungry lions, cheetahs and leopards. It’s a spectacle that can only be witnessed between July and October, when the wildlife that usually spread out across Tanzania’s 15,000square-kilometre Serengeti National Park gather in Kenya’s 1,500 square-kilometre MasaiMara National Reserve in search of food and water.
1. Where can you find the world’s largest religious structure surrounded by jungle
A. In Cambodia. B. In Jordan.
C. In the United States. D. In Kenya.
2. Which archaeological site is located in present-day Jordan
A. Angkor Wat. B. The Grand Canyon.
C. The Serengeti National Park. D. The city of Petra.
3. When can you witness the Great Migration in Kenya
A. In March. B. In June. C. In August. D. In November.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几处世界标志性奇观。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cambodia’s epic Angkor Wat部分中“The jungle-choked ruins of the world’s largest religious structure feel even more otherworldly away from the crowds.(远离人群，世界上最大的宗教建筑废墟被丛林所包围，感觉更加超凡脱俗)”可知，在柬埔寨可以找到世界上最大的被丛林包围的宗教建筑，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Extraordinary Archaeological (考古的) Site of Petra部分中“But the true awe inspired by the rose city of Petra, tucked deep in the desert canyons of present-day Jordan, dawns over a day spent exploring this famous archaeological site.(但真正让人敬畏的是玫瑰之城佩特拉，它隐藏在今天约旦的沙漠峡谷深处，在探索这个著名的考古遗址的一天之后，才会有曙光)”可知，佩特拉古城位于今天的约旦，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Kenya’s Great Migration部分中“It’s a spectacle that can only be witnessed between July and October(这一奇观只有在7月到10月之间才能看到)”可知，在八月份可以看到肯尼亚的大迁徙，故选C。
B
For more than 20 years, the 54-year-old Carl Berg has given a new life to these ancient cabins (隔间), damaged by the wet English climate.
Since their appearance in the 1920s, these red kiosks (公用电话亭) have become one of the main symbols of London and the entire United Kingdom, but most of them have disappeared from the scene since the birth of mobile phones.
There are only 20,000 public telephones in operation (compared with about 100,000 in the 1990s), including 3,000 traditional red kiosks. About 7,200 others, who were out of service, were recovered by sects, associations or churches. Local authorities have restored some of them and turned them into small libraries, information kiosks for tourists.
According to Carl Berg, restoration of a phone box takes an average of six weeks, and begins with a careful disassembly (拆卸) to the bone. “You never know what you’ll find under the paint. You can easily discover a real jewel,” he described.
This Briton has seen many red cabins pass through his workshop in King’s Lynn, eastern England, often broken, with missing glass in the windows or rotten wooden doors. Once the cast iron structure is free of all its components, it is sanded to remove paint and rust (铁锈). The next step is to apply resin (树脂) and sand to remove faults, a tiring process done by hand that can take several days. Finally, the phone box was painted the famous “Post Office Red”.
Carl Berg, who began his career driving cars, has turned his passion for British collectibles into a full-time restoration business, known as Remember When It’s the UK. Having become a professional restorer, Carl Berg now works on several cabins at the same time.
Twenty years later, Carl Berg has lost none of his passion. “I’ve gotten a little older, and everything seems a little heavier. But I think my passion is the same. In fact, it might be bigger.”
4. What has emerged as one of London’s most recognizable symbols since the 1920s
A. Mobile phones. B. Libraries. C. Red kiosks. D. Cars.
5. What is the first step in the restoration process of a phone box
A. Disassembling the phone box.
B. Applying resin and sand to remove faults.
C. Painting the phone box “Post office Red”.
D. Removing paint and rust from the iron structure.
6. What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about
A. The functions of the phone boxes.
B. The challenges Carl Berg faced.
C. The significance of Carl Berg’s work.
D. The detailed work of restoring ancient cabins.
7. What can we infer about Carl Berg from the last paragraph
A. He feels tired as he ages.
B. He is too old to restore cabins.
C. He is still enthusiastic about restoring cabins.
D. He will quit restoring cabins in the near future.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述卡尔·伯格20多年来修复英国古老红色电话亭的历程及热爱。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since their appearance in the 1920s, these red kiosks (公用电话亭) have become one of the main symbols of London and the entire United Kingdom(自20世纪20年代出现以来，这些红色公用电话亭已成为伦敦和整个英国的主要标志之一)”可知，自20世纪20年代起，红色公用电话亭成为伦敦最具辨识度的标志之一。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“According to Carl Berg, restoration of a phone box takes an average of six weeks, and begins with a careful disassembly (拆卸) to the bone. (据卡尔 伯格介绍，修复一个电话亭平均需要六周时间，首先要进行细致的彻底拆卸。)”可知，修复的第一步是拆卸电话亭。故选A项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。第五段中的“Once the cast iron structure is free of all its components, it is sanded to remove paint and rust (铁锈). The next step is to apply resin (树脂) and sand to remove faults, a tiring process done by hand that can take several days. Finally, the phone box was painted the famous “Post Office Red”.(一旦铸铁结构拆除了所有部件，就会对其进行打磨以去除油漆和铁锈。下一步是涂抹树脂并进行打磨以消除瑕疵，这是一个需要手工完成的累人过程，可能需要几天时间。最后，电话亭会被漆成著名的“邮政红”。)”可知，本段详细描述了修复电话亭的各个步骤。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Twenty years later, Carl Berg has lost none of his passion. “I’ve gotten a little older, and everything seems a little heavier. But I think my passion is the same. In fact, it might be bigger.”(二十年后，卡尔 伯格的热情丝毫未减。“我有点变老了，一切似乎也有点更沉重了。但我觉得我的热情还是和以前一样。事实上，它可能更强烈了。”)”可知，他虽年龄增长但热情不减，仍热衷于修复电话亭。故选C项。
C
Throughout history, technological progress has brought new wealth but has not always improved people’s lives. Economists now say it is not clear whether artificial intelligence (AI) will help or hurt society.
McKinley is a business consulting company. It said AI could add between $14 trillion and $22 trillion of value to the world’s economy. Supporters say the technology will create wealth and improve living standards. Some go as far as saying AI will increase people’s free time and help them be more creative. But others are worried the technology will lead to losing jobs. They point to Hollywood writers and actors who are worried that they will be replaced by technology.
The Internet arrived with a similar omen of more productivity, wealth and jobs. Recently, the French bank Natixis noted in its research that most of the wealth has gone to a few billionaires. And many of the jobs do not require highly paid, skilled workers. Some workers hope the technology will increase pay and job satisfaction. But they are also concerned that the technology could push people to work too hard.
Such concerns are not unfounded. History has shown the economic impact of technological progress is generally uncertain, unequal and even harmful. Johnson recently published a book, Power and Progress, with Dacron Acemoglu, another economist from MIT. They studied technological progress over the last 1,000 years including clothing production, train travel, and even food shopping. Johnson noted that it is easier to create something new than to make sure it works for everyone. The two economists looked at an invention called the spinning jenny that made it easier to turn cotton and wool into yarn (纱线). They said the device helped clothing production and created wealth for many people in the late 1700s. However, it also increased the demand for cotton and led to longer hours for workers. The demand also led to the growth of slavery in the southern United States.
As for AI technology, Johnson wonders if it will make existing inequalities worse, or “could it help us get back to something fairer”
8. What does the underlined word “omen” mean in Paragraph 3
A. Sign. B. Requirement. C. Experience D. Level.
9. What does Paragraph 1 intend to tell us
A. Lessons from history. B. The excitement of creating new things.
C. Important technological innovations in history. D. The application of the spinning jenny.
10. What is Johnson’s attitude towards artificial intelligence
A. Surprised. B. Scared. C. Objective D. Unfavourable
11. Where is the text probably from
A. A book review. B. A science fiction novel. C. An economics textbook. D. A technology report.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。历史经验表明技术进步带来了新的财富，但并不总能改善人们的生活。文章主要陈述了作者对科技发展带来的影响的观点。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Recently, the French bank Natixis noted in its research that most of the wealth has gone to a few billionaires. (最近，法国外贸银行在其研究中指出，大部分财富都流向了少数亿万富翁。)”可知，互联网的出现也是生产力、财富和就业的提高的迹象。故划线词omen意为“迹象，征兆”。故选A。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Throughout history, technological progress has brought new wealth but has not always improved people’s lives. Economists now say it is not clear whether artificial intelligence (AI) will help or hurt society. (纵观历史，技术进步带来了新的财富，但并不总能改善人们的生活。经济学家现在表示，尚不清楚人工智能对社会是有益还是有害。)”可知，第一段想要告诉我们历史教训。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As for AI technology, Johnson wonders if it will make existing inequalities worse, or “could it help us get back to something fairer” (至于人工智能技术，约翰逊想知道它是否会加剧现有的不平等，还是“它能帮助我们回到更公平的状态”？)”可推知，Johnson对人工智能会帮助社会还是危害社会的态度是客观的。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Throughout history, technological progress has brought new wealth but has not always improved people’s lives. Economists now say it is not clear whether artificial intelligence (AI) will help or hurt society. (纵观历史，技术进步带来了新的财富，但并不总能改善人们的生活。经济学家现在表示，尚不清楚人工智能对社会是有益还是有害。)”以及文章主要陈述了作者对科技发展带来的影响的观点，故应该选自一篇科技报道。故选D。
D
A blind fish living within a Mexican cave system’s deep, enduring darkness still maintains some ability to sense light. As the cave fish no longer seem to rely on an internal daily cycle and some sleep very little, biologist Inca Stein-dal and her colleagues were keen to see if their bodies can still regulate cyclically through time. Most animals on Earth have an internal clock for this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels to make our bodies fit in with our planet’s day and night cycles. This rhythm is then used to cycle through different biological processes that can influence our behaviour, such as our hunger cycles.
The Mexican blind cave fish live in a complex of over 30 isolated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted to the dark. Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations (震动), allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation (导航) in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. This adaptation occurred despite the fish from each cave evolving from the same species with fully functioning eyes. This ancestral group still lives in the surface waters in the El Albra region of Mexico and some parts of the Southwestern US.
Steindal and her team took tissue samples from the blind cave fish, from three isolated caves, and their surface relatives and tested the cells in different conditions. They detected the activation of several molecular (分子的) clock mechanisms when the cells were exposed to light, even in the cave fish cells. “Non-visual light detection is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain,although the cave fish cells did not respond as strongly as those cells from surface fish. While there were some similarities between the fish from the different caves compared to their surface relatives, there were also differences that confirm their biological clock changes each evolved independently of one another via different molecular mechanisms.
“We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her colleagues conclude. The team hopes these can help us learn more about the circadian rhythm and provide an easier way to study animal adaptations to dark environments.
12. As to the cave fish, what did Steindal and her fellows try to find out
A. If they have a circadian rhythm. B. If they rely on an internal daily cycle.
C. If they need to sleep. D. If they are able to sense light.
13 What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A. The Mexican cave fish’s ancestors had normal vision.
B. The Mexican cave fish’s home is in the dark deep sea.
C. The Mexican cave fish have adapted to darkness.
D. The Mexican cave fish have trouble navigating.
14. Which of the following can support the conclusion of the study
A. Cave fish’s unique molecular structures.
B. Non-visual light detection in cave fish cells.
C. The cave fish’s adjustment t0 molecular clock mechanisms.
D. Biological clock changes evolved independently.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Why Do the Mexican Cave fish Live in the Darken“
B. A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.
C. How Can the Mexican Cave fish Fit in with the Day Cycles
D. The Biological Clocks of the Life in the Sen Are Constantly Changing.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了墨西哥盲洞鱼在深层洞穴中的生存情况，以及它们对光的感知能力。研究人员通过实验发现，尽管盲洞鱼无法看见，但它们的细胞仍然可以感知光线，并在一定程度上调节其生物钟。这表明即使在黑暗环境下，生物的生物钟仍然可以通过不同的分子机制进行调节。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As the cave fish no longer seem to rely on an internal daily cycle and some sleep very little, biologist Inca Stein-dal and her colleagues were keen to see if their bodies can still regulate cyclically through time. Most animals on Earth have an internal clock for this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels to make our bodies fit in with our planet’s day and night cycles.(由于洞穴鱼似乎不再依赖于体内的日常循环，有些睡眠很少，生物学家印加·斯坦达尔和她的同事们渴望了解它们的身体是否仍然可以随着时间的推移进行周期性调节。地球上的大多数动物都有一个生物钟，昼夜节律利用光线水平使我们的身体适应地球的昼夜循环)”可知，斯坦达尔和她的同事们想要找出洞穴鱼是否可以随着时间的推移进行周期性调节，即是否有昼夜节律。故选A项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The Mexican blind cave fish live in a complex of over 30 isolated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted to the dark. Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations (震动), allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation (导航) in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. This adaptation occurred despite the fish from each cave evolving from the same species with fully functioning eyes.(墨西哥盲洞鱼生活在一个由30多个孤立的洞穴组成的复杂环境中，每个洞穴都能独立地适应黑暗。它们的身体对振动特别敏感，这使它们能够感知水流的变化，以便导航，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力。尽管来自每个洞穴的鱼都是从具有完全功能的眼睛的同一物种进化而来的，但这种适应还是发生了)”可知，第二段主要介绍了墨西哥盲洞鱼身体对振动特别敏感，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力，主要说明了它们已经适应了黑暗。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her colleagues conclude.(斯坦达尔和她的同事总结道：“我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管失明，但墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟适应光/暗周期。”)可知，研究的结论是墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光。根据倒数第二段中“They detected the activation of several molecular (分子的) clock mechanisms when the cells were exposed to light, even in the cave fish cells. “Non-visual light detection is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain, although the cave fish cells did not respond as strongly as those cells from surface fish.(他们发现，当细胞暴露在光线下时，几个分子时钟机制被激活，即使在盲洞鱼细胞中也是如此。研究人员解释说，尽管盲洞鱼的细胞不像水面鱼的细胞那样强烈，“非视觉光检测维持在基本的细胞水平上，”)”可知，盲洞鱼细胞的非视觉光探测维持在基本的细胞水平上，说明它的时钟机制会被激活，证明盲洞鱼也可以探测到光。所以，盲洞鱼细胞的非视觉光探测能支持该研究的结论。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中““We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her colleagues conclude.(一条生活在墨西哥洞穴系统的深处、持久的黑暗中的盲洞鱼仍然保持着一些感知光线的能力)”和最后一段中“We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle (我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管失明，但墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟适应光/暗周期)”可知，本文介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，尽管盲洞鱼无法看见，但它们的细胞仍然可以感知光线，所以“A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.(盲洞鱼仍能感知光)”是研究的结论，也是文章最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After a long winter, the arrival of spring can be a welcome relief. The days grow longer, the temperatures increase, and the natural world around us comes to life again. ____16____.
New research suggests that humans may need more sleep in the winter than they do in the summer. ____17____, regardless of their exposure to light. The participants experienced seasonal variations in their rapid eye movement sleep, also known as REM sleep, as well as in their slow wave sleep, also known as deep sleep. REM sleep, which is when we dream and our heart rate increases, is 30 minutes longer in the winter than during the summer. Slow wave sleep, which is when our muscles are repaired, our immune (免疫) system is strengthened and so is our memory, is 30 minutes shorter in September than in February.
____18____ The answer could lie in our evolutionary past. That’s according to Neil Stanley, who’s a sleep expert. “We have evolved to dark-light cycles. Therefore, when we wake up on a winter’s morning and it’s dark, our brain is going’ I can’t do anything... there’s no point leaping out of bed.’” ____19____. Our bodies require a skin temperature of between 31 — 35℃ for a good night’s sleep, but this can be harder to control during the warmer months.
____20____ — not the Sun — that determine when we get up in the morning. But, as autumn approaches, it seems we now have a good excuse for an early night.
A. Here are different types of sleep patterns
B. How long can a human being go without sleep
C. Of course, nowadays, it is our school and work times
D. Particularly in summer, temperature also plays a role
E. But when the seasons change, our sleep patterns change with them
F. But why do our bodies and brains need more rest at certain times of year
G. A German study found that participants slept an hour longer in December than in June
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了季节变化会影响人类的睡眠模式，冬季可能需要更多睡眠，而夏季温度也会影响睡眠质量。
【16题详解】
由上文“After a long winter, the arrival of spring can be a welcome relief. The days grow longer, the temperatures increase, and the natural world around us comes to life again. (经过漫长的冬天，春天的到来是一种令人欣慰的解脱。白天变长，气温升高，我们周围的自然界又恢复了生机。)”和下文“New research suggests that humans may need more sleep in the winter than they do in the summer. (最新研究表明，人类在冬季所需的睡眠时间可能比夏季更多。)”可知，本空应引出季节变化对睡眠的影响这一话题，E选项“But when the seasons change, our sleep patterns change with them (但是当季节变化时，我们的睡眠模式也会随之改变)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
【17题详解】
由下文“The participants experienced seasonal variations in their rapid eye movement sleep, also known as REM sleep, as well as in their slow wave sleep, also known as deep sleep. (参与者的快速眼动睡眠（也称为REM睡眠）和慢波睡眠（也称为深度睡眠）都经历了季节性变化。)”可知，本空应描述一项关于季节变化对睡眠影响的研究结果，G选项“A German study found that participants slept an hour longer in December than in June (德国的一项研究发现，参与者在12月的睡眠时间比6月多一个小时)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选G。
【18题详解】
由下文“The answer could lie in our evolutionary past. (答案可能在于我们的进化历史。)”可知，下文回答一个问题，本空应对季节变化对睡眠的影响提出相关问题，F选项“But why do our bodies and brains need more rest at certain times of year (但是为什么我们的身体和大脑在一年中的某些时候需要更多的休息)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
由下文“Our bodies require a skin temperature of between 31—35℃ for a good night’s sleep, but this can be harder to control during the warmer months. (我们的身体需要31-35℃的皮肤温度才能睡个好觉，但在温暖的月份里，这一点更难控制。)”可知，本空应描述温度对睡眠的影响，D选项“Particularly in summer, temperature also plays a role (特别是在夏天，温度也起着作用)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选D。
20题详解】
由下文“— not the Sun — that determine when we get up in the morning. (—— 而不是太阳 —— 决定了我们早上起床的时间。)”可知，本空应描述决定我们早上起床时间的因素，而根据常识可知，这个因素应该是我们的学校和工作时间，C选项“Of course, nowadays, it is our school and work times (当然，现在，是我们的学校和工作时间)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A young scientist from Annandale, Virginia, has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to fought skin cancer.
At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele ____21____ as the victor of the 2023 3M Young Scientist Challenge, ____22____ among nine other finalists with his innovative ____23____ known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS). In ____24____ of his achievement, this ninth-grade boy is set to receive a substantial cash award of $25,00.
In Bekele’s own words, “Curing cancer, one bar of ____25____ at a time.” His ____26____ for biology and technology was the driving force behind this clever creation, and the 3M Young Scientist Challenge ____27____ him with the perfect platform to showcase his ____28____ ideas.
Reflecting on his inspiration, Bekele ____29____ that his childhood played a significant role in ____30____ his innovative thinking. Having ____31____ people work tirelessly under the sun, he couldn’t help but ____32____ how many were aware of the risks associated with prolonged sun exposure.
“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience,” Bekele expressed during an interview. ____33____, Bekele’s creation obtained the ____34____ of Food and Drug Administration.
Over the coming five years, Bekele ____35____ to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization dedicated to distributing his innovative creation to undersevisemen communities, offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
21. A. led B. competed C. emerged D. acted
22. A. standing out B. pulling off C. getting through D. picking up
23. A. tool B. device C. idea D. creation
24. A. search B. recognition C. favour D. memory
25. A. iron B. soap C. chocolate D. cheese
26. A. passion B. respect C. taste D. desire
27. A. stuffed B. charged C. filled D. provided
28. A. new B. crazy C. original D. basic
29. A. shared B. proved C. denied D. hoped
30. A. breaking B. finding C. shaping D. changing
31. A. witnessed B. appreciated C. remembered D. helped
32. A. confirm B. wonder C. guess D. realize
33. A. Gradually B. Ultimately C. Directly D. Suddenly
34. A. qualification B. requirement C. procedure D. approval
35. A. affords B. agrees C. intends D. offers
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述14岁少年赫曼 贝克尔凭创新发明“皮肤癌治疗肥皂”获美国顶尖青年科学家称号，计划完善发明并帮助更多人。
21题详解】
考查动词短语搭配及词义辨析。句意：年仅14岁的赫曼 贝凯莱成为2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛的获胜者。A. led (as)带领（作为）；B. competed (as)竞争（作为）；C. emerged (as) 以……身份出现 / 脱颖而出；D. acted (as)担任（作为）。根据下文“as the victor of the 2023 3M Young Scientist Challenge”以及语境可知，此处表示以获胜者身份脱颖而出，emerge as为固定搭配，符合语境。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在九名决赛选手中，他凭借名为皮肤癌治疗肥皂（SCTS）的创新发明脱颖而出。A. standing out突出；B. pulling off成功完成；C. getting through通过；D. picking up捡起。根据下文“ with his innovative 　3　 known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS)”以及语境可知，这里指他的发明让他在决赛中突出。故选A项。
23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在九名决赛选手中，他凭借名为皮肤癌治疗肥皂（SCTS）的创新发明脱颖而出。A. tool工具；B. device设备；C. idea想法；D. creation发明。根据上文“groundbreaking creation”可知，此处指他的发明脱颖而出，creation是原词复现。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词短语搭配。句意：为表彰他的成就，这个九年级的男孩将获得25,000美元的巨额现金奖励。A. in search of寻找；B. in recognition of表彰；C. in favour of支持；D. in memory of纪念。根据下文“achievement”和“a substantial cash award of $25,00”可知，此处表示就赫曼 贝克尔的成就予以表彰。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：用贝凯莱自己的话说：“一次用一块肥皂治愈癌症。”A. iron熨斗；B. soap肥皂；C. chocolate巧克力；D. cheese奶酪。根据首段“a bar of soap designed to fought skin cancer”可知，此处指他发明的肥皂，soap是原词复现。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义搭配。句意：他对生物学和技术的热情是这个巧妙发明背后的驱动力。A. passion热情；B. respect尊重；C. taste品味；D. desire欲望。根据下文“the driving force behind this clever creation”可知，此处指是热情驱动他发明。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语搭配。句意：3M青年科学家挑战赛为他提供了展示其原创想法的完美平台。A. stuffed (with)塞满；B. charged (with)指控；C. filled (with)充满；D. provided (with)提供。根据下文“him with the perfect platform”可知，这里指挑战赛给他提供了展示机会，provide sb. with sth. 为固定搭配，符合语境。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：3M青年科学家挑战赛为他提供了展示其原创想法的完美平台。A. new新的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. original原创的；D. basic基本的。根据上文“this clever creation”以及语境可知，此处指赫曼 贝凯莱用自己原创的想法创造出这块肥皂。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回顾自己的灵感来源，贝凯莱分享说，他的童年在塑造他的创新思维方面发挥了重要作用。A. shared分享；B. proved证明；C. denied否认；D. hoped希望。根据上文“Reflecting on his inspiration”以及语境可知，这里指他在分享自己的经历。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义搭配。句意：回顾自己的灵感来源，贝凯莱分享说，他的童年在塑造他的创新思维方面发挥了重要作用。A. breaking打破；B. finding找到；C. shaping塑造；D. changing改变。根据下文“Having 　11 　people work tirelessly under the sun, he couldn’t help but 　12 　how many were aware of the risks associated with prolonged sun exposure.”可知，是童年的经历塑造了他的想法。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到人们在阳光下辛勤工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到长时间日晒的风险。A. witnessed目睹；B. appreciated欣赏；C. remembered记得；D. helped帮助。根据下文“people work tirelessly under the sun”以及语境可知，这里指他目睹了这一情景从而促使他想要改变这一切。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到人们在阳光下辛勤工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到长时间日晒的风险。A. confirm确认；B. wonder想知道；C. guess猜测；D. realize意识到。根据下文“how many were aware of the risks associated with prolonged sun exposure”以及语境可知，这里指他在想知道这个问题。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，贝凯莱的发明获得了美国食品药品监督管理局的批准。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Ultimately最终；C. Directly直接地；D. Suddenly突然地。根据下文“Bekele’s creation obtained the 　14　　 of Food and Drug Administration.”可知，这是发明推进的最终结果。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，贝凯莱的发明获得了美国食品药品监督管理局的批准。A. qualification资格；B. requirement要求；C. procedure程序；D. approval批准。根据“Food and Drug Administration”以及常识可知，发明需获得官方批准。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五年里，贝克莱打算完善他的发明，并成立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新成果分发给服务不足的社区，为抗击癌症提供希望和切实可行的解决方案。A. affords负担得起；B. agrees同意；C. intends打算；D. offers提供。根据上文“Over the coming five years”可知，后面的内容他对未来的打算。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Suloszowa, a Polish village of around 6,000 people located in the Olkuska Upland, has been named “Little Tuscany” because of its unusual layout (布局).
The village of Suloszowa ____36____ (be) around for many years, but it only recently started attracting international attention after bird’s eye photos and videos became popular on social media. -Some time ago millions of people around the world ____37____ (attract) by the unusual layout of the rural settlement—hundreds of ____38____ (house) on either side of a single street, ____39____ (snake) through multi-coloured agricultural fields as far as the eye can see. Every one of the 5.819 inhabitants lives on the same street, ____40____ stretches for over 9 kilometres.
Aerial (空中的) photos of Suloszowa ____41____ (original) became popular in Poland back in 2021, but this month a drone-shot video of the Polish village seized international attention. People were amazed by the unique look of the village ____42____ (surround) on all sides by patches of agricultural land.
The linear, single-street layout of Suloszowa was dubbed (戏称) “strange” by major international news outlets like Mail Online and The Sun, but to the Poles commenting on national news websites, it’s just ____43____ typical Polish village. Apparently, a single road passing through a village is not unique ____44____ the central European country, but the aerial viewpoint just makes it look more ____45____(impress).
【答案】36. has been
37. were attracted
38. houses 39. snaking
40. which 41. originally
42. surrounded
43. a 44. to
45. impressive
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了波兰一个名为Suloszowa的村庄因其独特的布局而被称为“小托斯卡纳”，并详细描述了该村庄的布局特点以及其在社交媒体上走红的情况。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：Suloszowa村已经存在很多年了，但直到最近，随着鸟瞰照片和视频在社交媒体上流行起来，它才开始吸引国际关注。根据时间状语“for many years”以及语境可知，句子描述的是从过去持续到现在的动作，所以用现在完成时，主语“The village of Suloszowa”是单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been。
【37题详解】
考查被动时态。句意：不久前，世界上数百万人被这个乡村聚落不同寻常的布局所吸引——数百座房屋分布在一条街道的两侧，蜿蜒穿过色彩斑斓的农田，一眼望不到边。空处为句子谓语，根据“Some time ago”可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，主语millions of people和动词attract之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，所以be动词用were。故填were attracted。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：数百座房屋分布在一条街道的两侧，蜿蜒穿过色彩斑斓的农田，一眼望不到边。house是可数名词，hundreds of后接可数名词复数。故填houses。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：数百座房屋分布在一条街道的两侧，蜿蜒穿过色彩斑斓的农田，一眼望不到边。此处为定语，snake和a single street之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填snaking。
40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：5819名居民中的每一个人都住在同一条街上，这条街延伸了9公里多。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the same street，先行词指物，引导词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：2021年，Suloszowa的航拍照片最初在波兰流行起来，但本月，一段无人机拍摄的波兰村庄视频引起了国际关注。此处应为副词作状语，original的副词为originally，意为“最初”。故填originally。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们对这个被农田包围的村庄的独特外观感到惊讶。此处为定语，surround和被修饰名词the village之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填surrounded。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Suloszowa的线性单街布局被《每日邮报》和《太阳报》等主要国际新闻媒体称为“奇怪”，但对于在波兰国家新闻网站上评论的人来说，它只是一个典型的波兰村庄。village为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个典型的波兰村庄”，且typical发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：显然，一条穿过村庄的道路在中欧国家并不罕见，但从空中看，它看起来更令人印象深刻。根据句意可知，此处考查固定搭配“be unique to”，表示“对……来说是独特的”。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：显然，一条穿过村庄的道路在中欧国家并不罕见，但从空中看，它看起来更令人印象深刻。此处为形容词作表语，impress的形容词为impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Jack酷爱中国文化，他正在学习成语，写信向你询问“慧眼识珠”这个成语的含义。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍这个成语的含义；
2. 欢迎一起学习，共同进步。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I’m delighted that you’re interested in Chinese idioms!
“慧眼识珠” (huì yǎn shí zhū) describes the ability to recognize true value or talent when others might miss it. Literally, it means “discerning eyes recognize the pearl,” comparing valuable things or people to hidden pearls, and the wise person to one who can spot them.
I’m truly impressed by your passion for our culture. Let’s keep exchanging knowledge — I’m also keen to learn more about yours! Feel free to ask me anything else.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国笔友Jack酷爱中国文化，他正在学习成语，写信询问“慧眼识珠”这个成语的含义。要求考生给他写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
能力：ability→capability
真正地：truly→really
热心的：keen→enthusiastic
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句： I’m delighted that you’re interested in Chinese idioms!
拓展句： I’m delighted to know that you’re interested in Chinese idioms!
【点睛】【高分句型1】“慧眼识珠” (huì yǎn shí zhū) describes the ability to recognize true value or talent when others might miss it. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】Literally, it means “discerning eyes recognize the pearl,” comparing valuable things (or people) to hidden pearls, and the wise person to one who can spot them.(运用了who引导的定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a fresh autumn morning, the air was filled with the scent of fallen leaves and the promise of adventure as I made my way from Canmore to New York City. My heart was flipping with anticipation, each beat echoing the thrill and pleasure of attending a famous art studio in the heart of the city and trading my paintings.
I imagined the busy streets of the city, the towering skyscrapers, and the creative energy that pulsed through every corner. This studio was more than just an opportunity; it was a dream that would come true, and a milestone I had been eagerly waiting for.
As I climbed into the taxi to the airport, the driver, a friendly man with a warm smile, greeted me with a cheerful “Good morning”. I responded with a nod, my mind already racing ahead to the studio in that city.
“First-time travel ” he asked, catching my gaze in the rear-view mirror (后视镜). “Yes, a big-deal trip in New York,” I replied, my voice tinged with excitement. The driver smiled with a knowing look and said, “Ah, New York! Enjoy your flight. Just watch out for the traffic!”
As we chatted, I felt a sense of calm wash over me. The driver showed good manners and the sound of the engine was comforting. And I allowed myself to relax into the moment. The view of Canmore slowly gave way to the open road, and I watched as the landscape transformed, each mile bringing me closer to my destination.
But my excitement quickly turned to upset as I stood in the security line at Calgary International Airport. My hands were shockingly empty, no familiar weight of my painting supplies. They were all gone, likely forgotten in the back of the taxi in my rush to catch the flight.
A wave of helplessness washed over me when I realized it’s my carelessness that caused this to happen. I stood frozen, my mind racing through the implications of arriving in New York without my painting supplies.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, just as I was about to resign (使听任) myself to this unfortunate event, my phone rang.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With an hour to spare before my flight’s departure, I saw the taxi driver outside the terminal (航站楼).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
However, just as I was about to resign myself to this unfortunate event, my phone rang. It was the taxi driver. “Sir,” he said in a kind voice. “I found your painting supplies in the back of my cab. I know how important they might be for your trip to New York. I’ll do my best to get them back to you.” Hearing his words, a rush of relief flooded through me. I quickly told him where I was at the airport and thanked him repeatedly.
With an hour to spare before my flight’s departure, I saw the taxi driver outside the terminal. He was holding my precious painting supplies in his hands. I rushed towards him and gave him a big hug gratefully. “Thank you so much,” I said, my voice filled with gratitude. He smiled and replied, “It’s nothing. I just couldn’t let your dream trip be ruined.” Then he wished me a great time in New York. I boarded the plane with a heart full of warmth and excitement, ready to embrace the adventure in the city.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者在一个清爽的秋日早晨，怀着激动的心情从坎莫尔前往纽约市，准备参加著名艺术工作室活动并交易画作。乘坐出租车去机场时与司机愉快交谈，心情放松。然而，在机场安检处，作者发现自己匆忙中把绘画用品忘在了出租车后座，陷入了无助。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，就在我准备接受这一不幸事件时，我的电话响了。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：出租车司机来电告知找到物品并会归还，作者如释重负致谢。
②由第二段首句内容“离航班起飞还有一个小时的时候，我看到出租车司机在航站楼外。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：司机归还绘画用品，作者感激，暖心登机开启纽约之旅。
2.续写线索： 出租车司机来电——作者如释重负——归还绘画用品——作者感激——暖心登机
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.说：say/utter
②.发现：find /discover
情绪类
①.感激地：gratefully/thankfully
②.兴奋：excitement/exhilaration
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I know how important they might be for your trip to New York.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Hearing his words, a rush of relief flooded through me. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型3]. “Thank you so much,” I said, my voice filled with gratitude. （运用了独立主格结构）2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真卷
英 语
(满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why does the woman look unhappy
A. She worked overtime last night.
B. She has an upset stomach.
C. She missed her favourite movie
2. What does the man probably want to do
A. Go shopping. B. Have a rest. C. Watch a film.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a living room. B. In the man’s office. C. In a movie theatre.
4. What colour is the girl’s new shirt probably
A. Pink. B. White. C. Black.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Studying abroad. B. A trip in France. C. The man’s brother.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Robert doing now
A. Seeing a partner. B. Hosting a meeting. C. Making a phone call.
7. What time is it
A. Around 2:40 p.m. B. Around 3:00 p.m. C. Around 3:20 p.m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is wrong with Frank
A. His leg is broken. B. He has his arm hurt. C. He suffers head injuries.
9. How did the accident happen
A. Frank ran a red light.
B. Frank was speeding.
C. Frank didn’t concentrate on driving.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Workmates. B. Policeman and driver. C. Salesman and customer.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why did the woman fail to get her table
A. The number of the diners changed.
B. The man forgot to keep the table for her.
C. She arrived at the restaurant half an hour late.
12. When will the show start
A. At 12:30 p.m. B. At 1 p.m. C. At 2 p.m.
13. What will the woman and her friends probably do next
A. Go to another restaurant. B. Wait for a big room. C. Sit at two different tables.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why is Mark calling the gardening show
A. To save a dead rose bush.
B. To get a climbing rose bush.
C. To ask advice on rose planting.
15. What happened to the rose bush
A. Mark killed it with chemicals accidentally.
B. Mark replaced it with a quick-growing plant.
C. Mark knocked it over with his truck.
16. What can Mark do to solve the problem
A. Use some chemicals. B. Water it often. C. Nothing.
17. What does Susan advise Mark to do
A. Apologize to his wife.
B. Put away the chemicals.
C. Take his wife on a vacation.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What type are most of the letters
A. Military letters. B. Business letters. C. Love letters
19. Who is Renaud Morieux
A. A sailor. B. The lead researcher. C. A captain.
20. How did people communicate in the 18th century
A. By letter. B. By telephone. C. By telegram.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Iconic Wonders in the World
Cambodia’s epic Angkor Wat
The jungle-choked ruins of the world’s largest religious structure feel even more otherworldly away from the crowds.
Bypass the crowds struggling for the perfect sunrise shot at the main temple and begin your exploration at the likes of Ta Prohm with its Tomb Raider vibes. If you get here early enough (the gates open at 5 a.m. ) you might be lucky enough to enjoy a section of the epic12th-century site to yourself for a while.
The Extraordinary Archaeological (考古的) Site of Petra
It’s the moment you catch sight of the rock-carved front of The Treasury through the narrow timeworn passageway of the Siq that you expect most. But the true awe inspired by the rose city of Petra tucked deep in the desert canyons of present-day Jordan, dawns over a day spent exploring this famous archaeological site.
An American icon
One of the Seven Wonders of the Natural World, the Grand Canyon is an icon of the United States: synonymous (同义) with the vast expanse of the American West and of spiritual importance to the 11 Associated Tribes that maintain deep connections with the landscape.
Kenya’s Great Migration
Hungry crocodiles snap at the tails of wildebeest and zebras crossing the Mara River.
Most of the mammals escape safely to the other side, only to be faced up by equally hungry lions, cheetahs and leopards. It’s a spectacle that can only be witnessed between July and October, when the wildlife that usually spread out across Tanzania’s 15,000square-kilometre Serengeti National Park gather in Kenya’s 1,500 square-kilometre MasaiMara National Reserve in search of food and water.
1. Where can you find the world’s largest religious structure surrounded by jungle
A. In Cambodia. B. In Jordan.
C. In the United States. D. In Kenya.
2. Which archaeological site is located in present-day Jordan
A. Angkor Wat. B. The Grand Canyon.
C. The Serengeti National Park. D. The city of Petra.
3. When can you witness the Great Migration in Kenya
A. In March. B. In June. C. In August. D. In November.
B
For more than 20 years, the 54-year-old Carl Berg has given a new life to these ancient cabins (隔间), damaged by the wet English climate.
Since their appearance in the 1920s, these red kiosks (公用电话亭) have become one of the main symbols of London and the entire United Kingdom, but most of them have disappeared from the scene since the birth of mobile phones.
There are only 20,000 public telephones in operation (compared with about 100,000 in the 1990s), including 3,000 traditional red kiosks. About 7,200 others, who were out of service, were recovered by sects, associations or churches. Local authorities have restored some of them and turned them into small libraries, information kiosks for tourists.
According to Carl Berg, restoration of a phone box takes an average of six weeks, and begins with a careful disassembly (拆卸) to the bone. “You never know what you’ll find under the paint. You can easily discover a real jewel,” he described.
This Briton has seen many red cabins pass through his workshop in King’s Lynn, eastern England, often broken, with missing glass in the windows or rotten wooden doors. Once the cast iron structure is free of all its components, it is sanded to remove paint and rust (铁锈). The next step is to apply resin (树脂) and sand to remove faults, a tiring process done by hand that can take several days. Finally, the phone box was painted the famous “Post Office Red”.
Carl Berg, who began his career driving cars, has turned his passion for British collectibles into a full-time restoration business, known as Remember When It’s the UK. Having become a professional restorer, Carl Berg now works on several cabins at the same time.
Twenty years later, Carl Berg has lost none of his passion. “I’ve gotten a little older, and everything seems a little heavier. But I think my passion is the same. In fact, it might be bigger.”
4. What has emerged as one of London’s most recognizable symbols since the 1920s
A. Mobile phones. B. Libraries. C. Red kiosks. D. Cars.
5. What is the first step in the restoration process of a phone box
A. Disassembling the phone box.
B. Applying resin and sand to remove faults.
C. Painting the phone box “Post office Red”.
D. Removing paint and rust from the iron structure.
6. What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about
A. The functions of the phone boxes.
B. The challenges Carl Berg faced.
C. The significance of Carl Berg’s work.
D. The detailed work of restoring ancient cabins.
7. What can we infer about Carl Berg from the last paragraph
A. He feels tired as he ages.
B. He is too old to restore cabins.
C. He is still enthusiastic about restoring cabins.
D. He will quit restoring cabins in the near future.
C
Throughout history, technological progress has brought new wealth but has not always improved people’s lives. Economists now say it is not clear whether artificial intelligence (AI) will help or hurt society.
McKinley is a business consulting company. It said AI could add between $14 trillion and $22 trillion of value to the world’s economy. Supporters say the technology will create wealth and improve living standards. Some go as far as saying AI will increase people’s free time and help them be more creative. But others are worried the technology will lead to losing jobs. They point to Hollywood writers and actors who are worried that they will be replaced by technology.
The Internet arrived with a similar omen of more productivity, wealth and jobs. Recently, the French bank Natixis noted in its research that most of the wealth has gone to a few billionaires. And many of the jobs do not require highly paid, skilled workers. Some workers hope the technology will increase pay and job satisfaction. But they are also concerned that the technology could push people to work too hard.
Such concerns are not unfounded. History has shown the economic impact of technological progress is generally uncertain, unequal and even harmful. Johnson recently published a book, Power and Progress, with Dacron Acemoglu, another economist from MIT. They studied technological progress over the last 1,000 years including clothing production, train travel, and even food shopping. Johnson noted that it is easier to create something new than to make sure it works for everyone. The two economists looked at an invention called the spinning jenny that made it easier to turn cotton and wool into yarn (纱线). They said the device helped clothing production and created wealth for many people in the late 1700s. However, it also increased the demand for cotton and led to longer hours for workers. The demand also led to the growth of slavery in the southern United States.
As for AI technology, Johnson wonders if it will make existing inequalities worse, or “could it help us get back to something fairer”
8. What does the underlined word “omen” mean in Paragraph 3
A. Sign. B. Requirement. C. Experience D. Level.
9. What does Paragraph 1 intend to tell us
A. Lessons from history. B. The excitement of creating new things.
C. Important technological innovations in history. D. The application of the spinning jenny.
10. What is Johnson’s attitude towards artificial intelligence
A. Surprised. B. Scared. C. Objective D. Unfavourable
11. Where is the text probably from
A. A book review. B. A science fiction novel. C. An economics textbook. D. A technology report.
D
A blind fish living within a Mexican cave system’s deep, enduring darkness still maintains some ability to sense light. As the cave fish no longer seem to rely on an internal daily cycle and some sleep very little, biologist Inca Stein-dal and her colleagues were keen to see if their bodies can still regulate cyclically through time. Most animals on Earth have an internal clock for this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels to make our bodies fit in with our planet’s day and night cycles. This rhythm is then used to cycle through different biological processes that can influence our behaviour, such as our hunger cycles.
The Mexican blind cave fish live in a complex of over 30 isolated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted to the dark. Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations (震动), allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation (导航) in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. This adaptation occurred despite the fish from each cave evolving from the same species with fully functioning eyes. This ancestral group still lives in the surface waters in the El Albra region of Mexico and some parts of the Southwestern US.
Steindal and her team took tissue samples from the blind cave fish, from three isolated caves, and their surface relatives and tested the cells in different conditions. They detected the activation of several molecular (分子的) clock mechanisms when the cells were exposed to light, even in the cave fish cells. “Non-visual light detection is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain,although the cave fish cells did not respond as strongly as those cells from surface fish. While there were some similarities between the fish from the different caves compared to their surface relatives, there were also differences that confirm their biological clock changes each evolved independently of one another via different molecular mechanisms.
“We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her colleagues conclude. The team hopes these can help us learn more about the circadian rhythm and provide an easier way to study animal adaptations to dark environments.
12. As to the cave fish, what did Steindal and her fellows try to find out
A. If they have a circadian rhythm. B. If they rely on an internal daily cycle.
C. If they need to sleep. D. If they are able to sense light.
13. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A. The Mexican cave fish’s ancestors had normal vision.
B. The Mexican cave fish’s home is in the dark deep sea.
C. The Mexican cave fish have adapted to darkness.
D. The Mexican cave fish have trouble navigating.
14. Which of the following can support the conclusion of the study
A. Cave fish’s unique molecular structures.
B. Non-visual light detection in cave fish cells.
C. The cave fish’s adjustment t0 molecular clock mechanisms.
D. Biological clock changes evolved independently.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Why Do the Mexican Cave fish Live in the Darken“
B. A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.
C. How Can the Mexican Cave fish Fit in with the Day Cycles
D. The Biological Clocks of the Life in the Sen Are Constantly Changing.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After a long winter, the arrival of spring can be a welcome relief. The days grow longer, the temperatures increase, and the natural world around us comes to life again. ____16____.
New research suggests that humans may need more sleep in the winter than they do in the summer. ____17____, regardless of their exposure to light. The participants experienced seasonal variations in their rapid eye movement sleep, also known as REM sleep, as well as in their slow wave sleep, also known as deep sleep. REM sleep, which is when we dream and our heart rate increases, is 30 minutes longer in the winter than during the summer. Slow wave sleep, which is when our muscles are repaired, our immune (免疫) system is strengthened and so is our memory, is 30 minutes shorter in September than in February.
____18____ The answer could lie in our evolutionary past. That’s according to Neil Stanley, who’s a sleep expert. “We have evolved to dark-light cycles. Therefore, when we wake up on a winter’s morning and it’s dark, our brain is going’ I can’t do anything... there’s no point leaping out of bed.’” ____19____. Our bodies require a skin temperature of between 31 — 35℃ for a good night’s sleep, but this can be harder to control during the warmer months.
____20____ — not the Sun — that determine when we get up in the morning. But, as autumn approaches, it seems we now have a good excuse for an early night.
A. Here are different types of sleep patterns
B. How long can a human being go without sleep
C. Of course, nowadays, it is our school and work times
D. Particularly in summer, temperature also plays a role
E. But when the seasons change our sleep patterns change with them
F. But why do our bodies and brains need more rest at certain times of year
G. A German study found that participants slept an hour longer in December than in June
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A young scientist from Annandale Virginia, has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to fought skin cancer.
At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele ____21____ as the victor of the 2023 3M Young Scientist Challenge, ____22____ among nine other finalists with his innovative ____23____ known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS). In ____24____ of his achievement, this ninth-grade boy is set to receive a substantial cash award of $25,00.
In Bekele’s own words, “Curing cancer, one bar of ____25____ at a time.” His ____26____ for biology and technology was the driving force behind this clever creation, and the 3M Young Scientist Challenge ____27____ him with the perfect platform to showcase his ____28____ ideas.
Reflecting on his inspiration, Bekele ____29____ that his childhood played a significant role in ____30____ his innovative thinking. Having ____31____ people work tirelessly under the sun, he couldn’t help but ____32____ how many were aware of the risks associated with prolonged sun exposure.
“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience,” Bekele expressed during an interview. ____33____, Bekele’s creation obtained the ____34____ of Food and Drug Administration.
Over the coming five years Bekele ____35____ to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization dedicated to distributing his innovative creation to undersevisemen communities, offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
21. A. led B. competed C. emerged D. acted
22. A. standing out B. pulling off C. getting through D. picking up
23. A. tool B. device C. idea D. creation
24. A. search B. recognition C. favour D. memory
25. A. iron B. soap C. chocolate D. cheese
26. A. passion B. respect C. taste D. desire
27. A. stuffed B. charged C. filled D. provided
28. A. new B. crazy C. original D. basic
29. A. shared B. proved C. denied D. hoped
30. A. breaking B. finding C. shaping D. changing
31. A. witnessed B. appreciated C. remembered D. helped
32. A. confirm B. wonder C. guess D. realize
33. A. Gradually B. Ultimately C. Directly D. Suddenly
34. A. qualification B. requirement C. procedure D. approval
35. A. affords B. agrees C. intends D. offers
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Suloszowa, a Polish village of around 6,000 people located in the Olkuska Upland, has been named “Little Tuscany” because of its unusual layout (布局).
The village of Suloszowa ____36____ (be) around for many years, but it only recently started attracting international attention after bird’s eye photos and videos became popular on social media. -Some time ago millions of people around the world ____37____ (attract) by the unusual layout of the rural settlement—hundreds of ____38____ (house) on either side of a single street, ____39____ (snake) through multi-coloured agricultural fields as far as the eye can see. Every one of the 5.819 inhabitants lives on the same street, ____40____ stretches for over 9 kilometres.
Aerial (空中的) photos of Suloszowa ____41____ (original) became popular in Poland back in 2021, but this month a drone-shot video of the Polish village seized international attention. People were amazed by the unique look of the village ____42____ (surround) on all sides by patches of agricultural land.
The linear, single-street layout of Suloszowa was dubbed (戏称) “strange” by major international news outlets like Mail Online and The Sun, but to the Poles commenting on national news websites, it’s just ____43____ typical Polish village. Apparently, a single road passing through a village is not unique ____44____ the central European country, but the aerial viewpoint just makes it look more ____45____(impress).
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Jack酷爱中国文化，他正在学习成语，写信向你询问“慧眼识珠”这个成语的含义。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍这个成语的含义；
2. 欢迎一起学习，共同进步。
注意：
1. 写作词数应80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
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Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a fresh autumn morning, the air was filled with the scent of fallen leaves and the promise of adventure as I made my way from Canmore to New York City. My heart was flipping with anticipation, each beat echoing the thrill and pleasure of attending a famous art studio in the heart of the city and trading my paintings.
I imagined the busy streets of the city, the towering skyscrapers, and the creative energy that pulsed through every corner. This studio was more than just an opportunity; it was a dream that would come true, and a milestone I had been eagerly waiting for.
As I climbed into the taxi to the airport, the driver, a friendly man with a warm smile, greeted me with a cheerful “Good morning”. I responded with a nod, my mind already racing ahead to the studio in that city.
“First-time travel ” he asked, catching my gaze in the rear-view mirror (后视镜). “Yes, a big-deal trip in New York,” I replied, my voice tinged with excitement. The driver smiled with a knowing look and said, “Ah, New York! Enjoy your flight. Just watch out for the traffic!”
As we chatted, I felt a sense of calm wash over me. The driver showed good manners and the sound of the engine was comforting. And I allowed myself to relax into the moment. The view of Canmore slowly gave way to the open road, and I watched as the landscape transformed, each mile bringing me closer to my destination.
But my excitement quickly turned to upset as I stood in the security line at Calgary International Airport. My hands were shockingly empty, no familiar weight of my painting supplies. They were all gone, likely forgotten in the back of the taxi in my rush to catch the flight.
A wave of helplessness washed over me when I realized it’s my carelessness that caused this to happen. I stood frozen, my mind racing through the implications of arriving in New York without my painting supplies.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, just as I was about to resign (使听任) myself to this unfortunate event, my phone rang.
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With an hour to spare before my flight’s departure, I saw the taxi driver outside the terminal (航站楼).
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