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高二英语5月试卷
(120分钟 150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the man regret now
AHe wasn't admitted to university.
B.He didn't work hard at university.
C.He chose the wrong university to study.
2.Where is the woman's package
A.In the yard. B.Near the mailbox. C.On the path.
3.What are the speakers watching
A.Elephants. B.Lions. C.Monkeys.
4.Why does the man make the phone call
A.To reserve a table.
B.To invite Mr Black to have lunch.
C.To make an appointment with Mr Black.
5.Where does the conversation probably take place
A.In the classroom. B.In the office. C.In the hospital.
第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What happened to the woman
A.Her house was broken into.
B.Her study was destroyed.
C.Her window was broken.
7.What's the relationship between the speakers
A.Manager and customer.
B.Policeman and victim.
C.Officer and secretary.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What's wrong with the man
A.He fails to make an appointment.
B.He has to cancel a meeting.
C.He has got a cold.
9.What will the man do tomorrow
AAttend a meeting. B.Play badminton. C.See a doctor.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.What happened to Joyce
A.Her children left her.
B.Her brother moved away.
C.Her dogs were dead.
11.Who lives with Joyce probably
A.Her relatives. B.Nobody. C.Her children.
12.What do the speakers agree to do for Joyce
A.Buy her a pet.
B.Take care of her.
C.Help her with some housework.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13.Who is the man's classmate
A.A manager. B.A professor. C.A driver.
14.Why will the girl go to the power company
A.To visit her father's friend.
B.To attend an interview.
C.To finish a practice project.
15.What is the girl going to do next
A.Get ready for a picnic.
B.Communicate with the manager.
C.Learn about the company culture.
16.What's the man's attitude to the girl's idea
A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Unfavorable.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What can older farmers get if they retire
A.A sum of cash.
B.A commercial insurance.
C.A help from younger farmers.
18.Why does the government advise older farmers to retire
A.To improve the production.
B.To protect the environment.
C.To pass on the old farming methods.
19.What percentage of farmers are interested in the retirement plan
A.40%. B.65%. C.75%.
20.What's the speaker talking about
A.A new industry.
B.A new farming method.
C.A retirement plan in the UK.
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Getting older can come with worsening health that makes it difficult to maintain a high quality of life. There are four games and apps that can help seniors stay sharp and avoid dementia (痴呆症).
Witty Words
This is an app that presents level-based crossword puzzles and word connect games, all featuring oversized buttons and controls designed for use by seniors. It can dynamically increase or decrease the difficulty of its games to suit each individual, which keeps seniors benefiting from its use.
Peak
This is more than just a simple set of games. It’s a complete brain-training ecosystem that includes everything seniors need to stay sharp and even improve their cognitive (认知的) abilities. Peak even includes a built-in personal trainer that helps track players’ progress and mark the steps they'll need to improve their mental sharpness.
Lumosity
Like Peak, Lumosity takes a scientific approach to brain training, by giving players access to various games developed to improve specific mental sharpness metrics. The designers begin by testing game mechanics in a laboratory setting to see how well they challenge specific types of cognitive abilities. Then they make games around those mechanics, adding in fun themes and enjoyable graphical elements.
Matrix Brain Challenge
It’s a memory training game that contains 20 difficulty levels and allows players to check their performance relative to thousands of their peers who also play the game. It’s fun, engaging, and useful as a tool to fight against the bad effects of Alzheimer’s disease.
1. What is special about Peak
A. It adjusts the difficulty of the games dynamically.
B. It contains interesting themes and attractive pictures.
C. It keeps the players healthy both mentally and physically.
D. It monitors the players’ progress and makes plans for them.
2. Which game lets players know their performance clearly among peers
A. Witty Words. B. Peak.
C. Lumosity. D. Matrix Brain Challenge.
3. Who are the four games and apps designed for
A. The sick. B. The elderly. C. The injured. D. The disabled.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款帮助老年人保持大脑敏锐、预防痴呆症的游戏和应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Peak中的“Peak even includes a built-in personal trainer that helps track players' progress and mark the steps they'll need to improve their mental sharpness. (Peak甚至还内置了一个私人教练，帮助跟踪玩家的进步，并标记他们需要提高精神敏锐度的步骤。)”可知Peak监视玩家的进度并为他们制定计划。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Matrix Brain Challenge中的“It’s a memory training game that contains 20 difficulty levels and allows players to check their performance relative to thousands of their peers who also play the game. (这是一款包含20个难度等级的记忆训练游戏，玩家可以通过与数千名同样玩这款游戏的同龄人比较，来检查自己的表现。)”可知Matrix Brain Challenge这款游戏让玩家清楚地知道自己在同伴中的表现。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Getting older can come with worsening health that makes it difficult to maintain a high quality of life. There are four games and apps that can help seniors stay sharp and avoid dementia. (随着年龄的增长，健康状况可能会恶化，这使得维持高质量的生活变得困难。有四款游戏和应用程序可以帮助老年人保持思维敏捷，避免痴呆症。)”可推断这四款游戏和应用是为老年人设计的。故选B。
B
“What are your hobbies ” It was a simple question for young researchers. I was a first-year PhD student eager to get to know my peers. I listened to my peers talk passionately about the musical instruments they played or the sports they took part in. When it was my turn, I mumbled “I like reading”. I didn't want to explain that my parents couldn’t afford music or sports lessons, or that I never had time to pursue those kinds of activities because I always had to work part-time jobs.
My family never went hungry, but our lives were limited to the essentials. My parents ran a small restaurant. They imagined I would work full time in the restaurant after graduating from high school. They didn’t realize I could get better jobs through education. As my mother put it later, “I didn’t know my child was that smart.” But a schoolteacher convinced my parents I should attend university.
Being smart, though, wasn’t enough. At university, I often felt the odd one out. That feeling prevented me from fully participating in conversations. By the end of my PhD, my professional confidence had grown. Still, I had difficulty connecting with people socially. My former manager told me that I was a classic case of imposter syndrome (冒充者综合征). I had accomplished enough in my professional life to know I was capable, and yet I struggled with self-doubt and a constant feeling of being an outsider.
Luckily I soon discovered I was not alone. I began to read stories about high-achieving women, many of whom were first-generation students and minorities like me. Hearing my own experience echoed in those stories helped me let go of the shame of growing up poor. I talk freely now about my upbringing. This has made me feel more whole as a person and has allowed me to connect better to my colleagues, some of whom — to my surprise — shared similar stories with me.
4. What was the author’s life like in the first year of her PhD
A. She learnt to play some musical instruments.
B. She actively spoke in academic discussions.
C. She failed to fully have conversations with peers.
D. She was unwilling to do extra-curricular activities.
5. What did the author’s mother use to think of her
A. She would take over the restaurant.
B. She would struggle for life essentials.
C. She could attend her dream university.
D. She could be smarter through education.
6. Which of the following is a sign of having imposter syndrome
A. You lie to everyone around you.
B. You constantly suspect your abilities.
C. You perform badly in professional life.
D. You have difficulty talking with strangers.
7. What made the author finally let go of the shame of growing up poor
A. Getting great academic success.
B. Talking freely with her colleagues.
C. Knowing others share similar experiences.
D. Working with some high-achieving women.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在博士一年级时的生活经历、母亲对她的看法、冒充者综合征的表现以及作者最终如何摆脱因贫穷成长而产生的羞耻感。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was a first-year PhD student eager to get to know my peers. I listened to my peers talk passionately about the musical instruments they played or the sports they took part in. When it was my turn, I mumbled ‘I like reading’. I didn't want to explain that my parents couldn't afford music or sports lessons, or that I never had time to pursue those kinds of activities because I always had to work part-time jobs. (我是一个渴望了解同龄人的博士一年级学生。我听着我的同龄人热情地谈论他们演奏的乐器或参加的运动。轮到我的时候，我含糊地说‘我喜欢读书’。我不想解释我的父母负担不起音乐或体育课的费用，或者我从来没有时间去做这些活动，因为我总是要做兼职工作。)”以及第三段中“At university, I often felt the odd one out. That feeling prevented me from fully participating in conversations. (在大学里，我经常觉得自己格格不入。这种感觉让我无法完全参与对话。)”可知，作者在博士一年级时，因为家庭经济原因，无法像其他同学一样参与音乐或体育活动，在交流中常常感到自己格格不入，无法完全参与对话。由此可知，作者在博士一年级时没能完全和同龄人交流。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“My parents ran a small restaurant. They imagined I would work full time in the restaurant after graduating from high school. (我的父母开了一家小餐馆。他们以为我高中毕业后会在餐馆全职工作。)”可知，作者的母亲过去认为作者高中毕业后会在餐馆全职工作，即接管餐馆。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“My former manager told me that I was a classic case of imposter syndrome (冒充者综合征). I had accomplished enough in my professional life to know I was capable, and yet I struggled with self-doubt and a constant feeling of being an outsider. (我以前的经理告诉我，我是冒充者综合征的典型案例。我在职业生涯中取得了足够的成就，知道自己有能力，但我却与自我怀疑作斗争，并一直有一种局外人的感觉。)”可知，冒充者综合征的一个表现是不断怀疑自己的能力。故选B。
7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Luckily, I soon discovered I was not alone. I began to read stories about high-achieving women, many of whom were first-generation students and minorities like me. Hearing my own experience echoed in those stories helped me let go of the shame of growing up poor. (幸运的是，我很快发现自己并不孤单。我开始阅读关于成功女性的故事，她们中的许多人都是像我这样的第一代学生和少数族裔。听到自己的经历在这些故事中得到共鸣，帮助我摆脱了因贫穷成长而产生的羞耻感。)”可知，作者最终摆脱因贫穷成长而产生的羞耻感是因为她知道了其他人也有相似的经历。故选C。
C
A report shows six in ten young adults rely financially on older generations in their family, aged 65 and over — who support them in the costs of education, travel, and daily routine like shopping.
Nick Walker, from Edwards Lifesciences UK and Ireland, which commissioned the research and created the Unifying Generations report, said, “The report sheds light on the key social and economic contribution of the senior population, and demonstrates the importance of protecting their health and well-being. It’s interesting to compare the views of both younger and older generations, to show just how much value people aged 65 and over are providing. The UK’s population is ageing according to Age UK, and one in five people will be over 65 by 2030.While an ageing society is often thought of as a problem, our report shows there are lots of positives to be found.”
According to younger people, the most valuable skills older people can offer include listening and giving advice (45%), companionship and friendship (38%), and sharing historical or cultural knowledge (31%). The older generation, meanwhile, recognizes the need to improve their digital skills — with 40% saying they would most like to learn technology and digital media from those aged 40 and under.
One of the most positive themes that emerged from the report was that more than three-quarters of people, are willing to improve intergenerational interactions. The report calls for three recommendations to improve it — by changing the views of the UK’s over-65s, supporting mentoring (指导) plans, and introducing digital training for older people.
Derek Thomas, MP for St Ives, said, “I wholeheartedly approve the report’s three recommendations. By changing the views of older people, we celebrate and recognize their great contribution, and encourage even more. New mentoring plans will help our younger people to make greater steps educationally and professionally, while digital training for older people will reduce isolation and keep family and communities much closer.”
8. What do Nick Walker’s words in paragraph 2 convey
A. Seniors play a part in the scientific progress.
B. It’s necessary and important to protect seniors.
C. It’s vital for the young to have the correct values.
D. Seniors provide enough financial support for the young.
9. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. Some skills seniors need to improve.
B. Some valuable skills seniors can offer.
C. The benefits of intergenerational interactions.
D. The comparisons between younger and older people.
10. What’s the purpose of the report’s three recommendations
A. To urge seniors to learn digital skills.
B. To promote seniors’ competitive awareness.
C. To change people’s attitude towards seniors.
D. To bring younger and older generations closer.
11. In which column of the newspaper can you most likely read the text
A. Society. B. Health. C. Culture. D. Technology.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍英国年轻人对老年家庭成员的经济依赖、代际价值及改善代际互动的建议。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Nick Walker所说的内容中的“The report sheds light on the key social and economic contribution of the senior population, and demonstrates the importance of protecting their health and well-being.(该报告揭示了老年人口关键的社会和经济贡献，并表明保护他们健康和福祉的重要性。)”可知，Nick Walker强调保护老年人的必要性和重要性。故选B项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的 “According to younger people, the most valuable skills older people can offer include listening and giving advice (45%), companionship and friendship (38%), and sharing historical or cultural knowledge (31%). The older generation, meanwhile, recognizes the need to improve their digital skills — with 40% saying they would most like to learn technology and digital media from those aged 40 and under.(根据年轻人的说法，老年人可以提供的最有价值的技能包括倾听和提供建议（45%）、陪伴和友谊（38%）以及分享历史或文化知识（31%）。与此同时，老一辈人认识到需要提高他们的数字技能——40% 的人表示，他们最想向40岁及以下的人学习技术和数字媒体。)” 可知，第三段通过年轻人和老年人的双向视角，展现了代际之间技能互补的益处，体现了代际互动的积极意义。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The report calls for three recommendations to improve it — by changing the views of the UK’s over-65s, supporting mentoring (指导) plans, and introducing digital training for older people.(该报告呼吁提出三项建议来改善代际互动——改变英国 65 岁以上人群的观念，支持指导计划，以及为老年人引入数字培训。)”及尾段中Derek Thomas提到的“New mentoring plans will help our younger people to make greater steps educationally and professionally, while digital training for older people will reduce isolation and keep family and communities much closer.(新的指导计划将帮助我们的年轻人在教育和职业上迈出更大的步伐，而针对老年人的数字培训将减少孤独感，并让家庭和社区更加紧密。)” 可知，三项建议的核心目的是通过促进代际双向互动，拉近年轻一代与老一辈的距离。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是首段中的“A report shows six in ten young adults rely financially on older generations in their family, aged 65 and over — who support them in the costs of education, travel, and daily routine like shopping.(一份报告显示，十分之六的年轻人在经济上依赖家中65岁及以上的年长一代，这些长辈会在教育、交通以及购物等日常生活开支方面为他们提供支持。)”可知，文章围绕英国年轻一代经济依赖老年人、代际技能互补及改善代际关系的社会现象展开，涉及代际关系、社会结构等议题，属于典型的社会类话题，因此最可能在报纸的“社会”专栏读到这篇文章。故选A项。
D
You know the feeling — your ears start to warm up, your tongue goes numb, you start sweating and taking deep breaths. You’ve just eaten something spicy, knowing it would be painful, and yet, you choose to do it anyway. Are humans just masochistic (受虐狂的), or is there something else going on The answer lies in both science and history.
Let’s start with the science. Spicy isn’t actually a taste like salty, sweet, sour and bitter — it’s a sensation. This sensation is caused by a chemical compound found in chili peppers called ‘capsaicin’ (辣椒素). When we eat foods containing capsaicin, our bodies are tricked into thinking the temperature is actually rising. In trying to comfort the burning sensation, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽) which control pain and, at the same time, give a feeling of pleasure — like painkillers. This is what is happening chemically, but there is also a conscious side to choosing spicy food. Dr Tamara Rosenbaum, a cognitive neuroscientist, explains in an interview that this is because we are rational beings — we know that the burning sensation of chilli does not physically harm us. Furthermore, we derive pleasure from the other ingredients chilli is generally cooked and eaten with, including fat, sugar and salt. So like skydiving, eating chilli is a form of thrill-seeking or ‘benign masochism’, where we get pleasure from a seemingly negative sensation.
This masochistic relationship with capsaicin has been a long one, starting in the Andes of South America, where chilli peppers originate. Humans were one of the few mammals on Earth that developed a taste for capsaicin, so archaeological evidence suggests, they started planting chilli peppers about six thousand years ago. Human intervention changed the chilli pepper to suit human tastes and needs — including the pepper’s color, size and capsaicin content — helping to explain the many different types of chilli peppers now available.
Fast-forward to today, and our love for the chilli pepper is going strong. We eat around 57.3 million tons of peppers globally each year, and chilli is a key ingredient in traditional dishes from Mexico to Korea. Maybe we are masochistic after all.
12. What happens to us when we eat something spicy according to the text
A. Our bodies release endorphins.
B. Our body temperature is rising.
C. We have difficulty in breathing.
D. We are physically harming ourselves.
13. What does the underlined word “derive” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Create. B. Get. C. Forget. D. Request.
14. Which can best describe the relationship between humans and chilli peppers
A. Strange and terrible.
B. Weak but fascinating.
C. Masochistic but strong.
D. Harmonious and pleasant.
15. What does the text mainly talk about
A. Spicy is a sensation.
B. The history of spicy food.
C. Why humans are attached to spicy food.
D. The interaction between humans and spicy food.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍人类食用辛辣食物时的生理反应、科学原理及历史渊源。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When we eat foods containing capsaicin, our bodies are tricked into thinking the temperature is actually rising. In trying to comfort the burning sensation, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽) which control pain and, at the same time, give a feeling of pleasure — like painkillers.(当我们吃含有辣椒素的食物时，我们的身体会被欺骗，认为温度实际上在升高。为了缓解灼烧感，我们的身体会释放内啡肽，这种物质可以控制疼痛，同时带来愉悦感——就像止痛药一样。)”可知，吃辣时身体会释放内啡肽。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“So like skydiving, eating chilli is a form of thrill-seeking or ‘benign masochism’, where we get pleasure from a seemingly negative sensation.(因此，就像跳伞一样，吃辣椒是一种寻求刺激或“良性自虐”的形式 —— 我们从看似负面的感觉中获得愉悦。)”可知，吃辣椒能够从看似负面的感觉中获得愉悦，结合划线单词所在的句子“Furthermore, we derive pleasure from the other ingredients chilli is generally cooked and eaten with, including fat, sugar and salt.(此外，我们从辣椒通常与之一起烹饪和食用的其他成分中_____愉悦感，包括脂肪、糖和盐。)”可知，划线单词的意思应与“获得”含义相近。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So like skydiving, eating chilli is a form of thrill-seeking or ‘benign masochism’, where we get pleasure from a seemingly negative sensation.(因此，就像跳伞一样，吃辣椒是一种寻求刺激或‘良性受虐’的形式，我们从看似负面的感觉中获得愉悦。)”及最后一段中的“Fast-forward to today, and our love for the chilli pepper is going strong.(快进到今天，我们对辣椒的热爱依然强烈。)”可知，人类与辣椒的关系是受虐式但稳固的。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“You know the feeling — your ears start to warm up, your tongue goes numb, you start sweating and taking deep breaths. You’ve just eaten something spicy, knowing it would be painful, and yet, you choose to do it anyway. Are humans just masochistic (受虐狂的), or is there something else going on The answer lies in both science and history.(你知道那种感觉 —— 耳朵开始发热，舌头发麻，接着冒汗、深呼吸。你刚吃了很辣的东西，明知道会 “痛苦”，却还是选择这么做。人类难道只是有受虐倾向，还是另有原因？答案藏在科学和历史之中。)”以及下文从科学和历史的角度对此问题的解答可知，文章从科学角度解释人类吃辣时的生理反应（释放内啡肽带来愉悦感），从历史角度讲述人类与辣椒的长期联系，由此可知，本文主要讲述的是人类为何对辛辣食物上瘾。故选C项。
第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A piggyback ride is a ride on someone’s back. It’s almost a custom during childhood: climbing onto an older person’s back for a piggyback ride around the house or yard. But if you stop to think about this game’s name —“piggyback ride”, you may be puzzled and have a question. ____16____
The origins of the word “piggyback” might date back to the mid-16th century, when people carried various goods on their backs or the backs of their animals. The term for this practice back then was “pick pack”, since people picked up a pack. ____17____ First, the phrase became the almost identical to “pick-a-pack”, and then “pick-a-back”, since the pack picked went on someone’s back.
____18____ Some say “pick-a-pack” — which was the version in use by the 18th century—sounded like “pick-i-back” or “picky back”, which eventually became “piggyback”. Others say people then were confused by the “pick-a” part of “pick-a-back”. So they changed it to a familiar word that sounded similar to “piggy”.
Well, were people in Britain or North America the first to use the term “piggyback” ____19____ But the term “pig-a-back” was used in A Dialogue in the Devonshire Dialect published in 1837 and “piggy-back” was used in the US by the 1880s.
____20____ One of the most popular comes in the field of transportation, where piggybacking means something riding on top of something else, such as cars being transported on a train. It’s also used in the trucking industry. In photography, piggybacking describes the practice of attaching a camera to a telescope.
A. No one is sure about it.
B. Why do we call it a “piggyback ride”
C. Things get a little bit confusing from here.
D. How does the game influence people's life
E. Probably people in North America were the first users.
F. Today, “piggyback” is used in a wide variety of contexts.
G. As so often is the case with language, the phrase has changed over the years.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“piggyback ride”这一术语的起源、演变及其在不同语境下的多种应用，解释了人们为何称之为“piggyback ride”并探讨了其历史背景。
【16题详解】
上文“But if you stop to think about this game’s name —“piggyback ride”, you may be puzzled and have a question.(但是，如果你停下来想一想这个游戏的名字——“骑马背”（piggyback ride），你可能会感到困惑，并产生一个问题)”说明人们会对“piggyback ride”这个名字感到困惑并提出问题。空处和前文为顺接关系，应提出关于“piggyback ride”名字的具体问题。所以B项“我们为什么叫它“piggyback ride”呢？”符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
上文“The origins of the word “piggyback” might date back to the mid-16th century, when people carried various goods on their backs or the backs of their animals. The term for this practice back then was “pick pack”, since people picked up a pack.(“piggyback”这个词的起源可以追溯到16世纪中期，当时人们把各种货物背在背上或动物的背上。当时这种做法的术语是“pick pack”，因为人们捡起一个包裹)”描述了“piggyback”一词的起源和早期用法。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明随着时间的推移，这个短语发生了变化。所以G项“和语言中经常出现的情况一样，这个短语多年来一直在变化”符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“First, the phrase became the almost identical to “pick-a-pack”, and then “pick-a-back”, since the pack picked went on someone’s back.(首先，这个短语变得几乎与“pick-a-pack”一模一样，随后又演变成了“pick-a-back”，因为被挑起的包裹是放在某人的背上的)”描述了“pick pack”如何逐渐演变为“pick-a-pack”和“pick-a-back”。下文“Some say “pick-a-pack” — which was the version in use by the 18th century—sounded like “pick-i-back” or “picky back”, which eventually became “piggyback”. Others say people then were confused by the “pick-a” part of “pick-a-back”. So they changed it to a familiar word that sounded similar to “piggy”.(有人说，“pick-a-pack”（这是18世纪使用的版本）听起来像“pick-i-back”或“picky back”，最终演变成了“piggyback”。另一些人则说，当时人们对“pick-a-back”中的“pick-a”部分感到困惑，因此他们将其改为了一个听起来与“piggy”相似的熟悉词汇)”给出了关于“pick-a-back”如何变成“piggyback”的两种不同说法。空处和前后文为过渡关系，说明从这里开始情况变得有些复杂。所以C项“从这里开始，事情变得有点复杂了”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
上文“Well, were people in Britain or North America the first to use the term “piggyback” (那么，是英国人还是北美人最先使用“piggyback”这个词呢？)”提出了一个问题，即哪个地区的人最先使用“piggyback”这个词。空处和前文为顺接关系，应说明对于这个问题没有确定的答案。所以A项“没有人能确定”符合语境，该项的“No one is sure about it.”中的“no one is sure”与后文提到的不同地区使用时间相呼应，表明答案不明确。故选A。
【20题详解】
下文“One of the most popular comes in the field of transportation, where piggybacking means something riding on top of something else, such as cars being transported on a train. It’s also used in the trucking industry. In photography, piggybacking describes the practice of attaching a camera to a telescope.(其中一个最流行的应用领域是交通运输，其中“piggybacking”意味着某物骑在另一物之上，比如火车上运输的汽车。它也用于卡车运输业。在摄影中，“piggybacking”描述的是将相机连接到望远镜上的做法)”列举了“piggyback”在不同领域的应用。空处位于段首，引出下文，应说明“piggyback”如今在多种语境中被使用。所以F项“如今，“piggyback”在多种语境中被使用”符合语境。故选F。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Some years ago I was stuck on a crosstown bus during rush hour. The bus was filled with cold, tired people ____21____ with one another. Two men ____22____ at each other for an unintentional push. An elderly woman got on, and nobody offered her a(n) ____23____. Anger was in the air; no ____24____ could be found here.
As the bus approached Seventh Avenue, the driver’s words came from the speaker. “Hello everyone,” he said. “I know you’ve had a(n) ____25____ day and that you are depressed, but I will ____26____. When each of you walks by before getting off, drop your ____27____ into my palm (手掌). My route goes right by the Hudson River, into which I’ll ____28____ them. ”
It seemed as if a spell had lifted. Everyone burst out laughing, their faces shining with ____29____. The passengers who had been ____30____ each other’s existence were suddenly grinning (咧嘴笑) at each other. They might think, “Is this guy serious ”
At the next stop, just as ____31____, the driver held out his hand, palm up, and waited. All the ____32____ passengers performed the gesture of dropping something into his palm. The driver ____33____ the same action at every stop that followed.
Sometimes we may sink into a grey world, but someone can ____34____ it like a ray of light, showing us hope. What if we are the light ____35____, anyone has the power to shine on others’ dark days.
21. A. satisfied B. annoyed C. impressed D. associated
22. A. waved B. nodded C. barked D. shot
23. A. reminder B. option C. ride D. seat
24. A. joy B. fortune C. courage D. security
25. A. average B. tough C. important D. fruitful
26. A. take risks B. show up C. help out D. make comments
27. A. memories B. troubles C. faults D. tips
28. A. cast B. stretch C. accompany D. transform
29. A. envy B. light C. pride D. pleasure
30. A. suspecting B. appreciating C. ignoring D. expecting
31. A. ordered B. promised C. requested D. reported
32. A. chosen B. fooled C. sitting D. exiting
33. A. interpreted B. designed C. repeated D. evaluated
34. A. brighten B. explore C. reward D. divide
35. A. However B. Instead C. Actually D. Consequently
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位司机用幽默化解乘客怒气，传递希望的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：公共汽车上挤满了冷漠、疲惫的人，彼此间充满恼怒。A. satisfied满意的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. associated关联的。根据下文“Anger was in the air”可知，人们都很恼怒。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个男人因为无意中的推挤而互相大声争吵。A. waved挥手；B. nodded点头；C. barked吼叫，大声叫嚷；D. shot射击。根据下文“Anger was in the air”可知，人们都很恼怒，所以两个男人因为无意中的推挤而大声争吵。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位老太太上了车，没人给她让座。A. reminder提醒物；B. option选择；C. ride旅程；D. seat座位。根据上文“An elderly woman got on”可知，老太太上了车，但没人给她让座。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里找不到任何欢乐。A. joy欢乐；B. fortune运气；C. courage勇气；D. security安全。根据上文“Anger was in the air”可知，公共汽车上充满了愤怒，所以找不到任何欢乐。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道你们今天过得很艰难，心情很低落，但我会帮助你们的。A. average平均的；B. tough艰难的；C. important重要的；D. fruitful有成果的。根据上文“Anger was in the air”和下文“you are depressed”可知，人们今天过得很艰难，心情很低落。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. take risks冒险；B. show up出现；C. help out帮助；D. make comments发表评论。根据下文“When each of you walks by before getting off, drop your ____7____ into my palm (手掌). My route goes right by the Hudson River, into which I’ll ____8____ them.”可知，司机想帮助大家，让大家把烦恼扔进河里。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你们每个人下车前走过时，把你们的烦恼扔进我的手掌。A. memories记忆；B. troubles烦恼；C. faults错误；D. tips小费。根据上文“I know you’ve had a(n) ____5____ day and that you are depressed”可知，司机想让大家把烦恼扔掉。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的路线正好经过哈德逊河，我会把它们扔进去。A. cast扔；B. stretch伸展；C. accompany陪伴；D. transform转变。根据上文“When each of you walks by before getting off, drop your ____7____ into my palm (手掌).”以及“My route goes right by the Hudson River”可知，司机让大家把烦恼扔进他的手掌，然后他会把它们扔进河里。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都笑了起来，脸上洋溢着愉悦。A. envy嫉妒；B. light光芒；C. pride骄傲；D. pleasure快乐。根据上文“Everyone burst out laughing”可知，每个人都大笑起来，说明每个人的脸上洋溢着愉悦。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些之前忽视彼此存在的乘客突然互相咧嘴笑了起来。A. suspecting怀疑；B. appreciating欣赏；C. ignoring忽视；D. expecting期待。根据上文“The bus was filled with cold, tired people ____1____ with one another.”可知，之前乘客们忽视彼此的存在。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在下一站，正如承诺的那样，司机伸出手，掌心向上，等待着。A. ordered命令；B. promised承诺；C. requested要求；D. reported报告。根据上文“When each of you walks by before getting off, drop your ____7____ into my palm (手掌). My route goes right by the Hudson River, into which I’ll ____8____ them.”可知，司机承诺大家下车前把烦恼扔进他的手掌，所以在下一站，他按照承诺做了。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有下车的乘客都做了把东西扔进他手掌的动作。A. chosen精选的；B. fooled被愚弄的；C. sitting坐着的；D. exiting即将离开的。根据上文“At the next stop”和“before getting off”可知，此处指所有下车的乘客。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机在接下来的每一站都重复着同样的动作。A. interpreted解释；B. designed设计；C. repeated重复；D. evaluated评估。根据上文“the driver held out his hand, palm up, and waited”以及下文“the same action at every stop that followed”可知，司机在接下来的每一站都重复着同样的动作。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们可能会陷入一个灰暗的世界，但有人可以像一束光一样照亮它，给我们带来希望。A. brighten照亮；B. explore探索；C. reward奖励；D. divide分开。根据下文“showing us hope”可知，有人可以像一束光一样照亮灰暗的世界，给我们带来希望。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，任何人都有能力照亮别人黑暗的日子。A. However然而；B. Instead相反；C. Actually实际上；D. Consequently因此。根据上文“What if we are the light ”可知，此处是对上文的回答，表示实际上，任何人都有能力照亮别人黑暗的日子。故选C。
第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, the ecology of China’s wetlands of international importance ___36___ (show) improvement in the wake of better water quality and biodiversity, said a white paper issued by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
China had 64 wetlands of international importance, including 63 on the mainland ___37___ one in Hong Kong. The white paper surveyed the wetlands on the mainland. The 63 wetlands covered 3.73 million hectares in 2021, up from the size ___38___ (register) in 2019. They are home ___39___ 2,258 species of wetland plants and 260 species of wetland birds, according to the white paper. Despite progress in conservation, the wetlands face ___40___ (threat) from alien plant invasion, environmental pollution and overgrazing.
Without doubt, China’s long-term goal is ___41___ (boost) the conservation of the wetlands of international importance, carry out wetland ecological ___42___ (restore), strengthen the prevention and control of alien species and improve wetland management capacity, said an official with the administration.
The year 2022 marked the 30th anniversary of China ___43___ (join) the Convention (公约) on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat. The convention, ___44___ took effect in 1975, aims to provide the framework for international cooperation for the conservation of wetland habitats. Wetlands include marshes, beaches and lakes. In many cases they are the natural habitats of waterfowl, _____45_____ (particular) migratory birds which move across borders.
【答案】36. has been showing
37. and 38. registered
39. to 40. threats
41. to boost
42. restoration
43. joining
44. which 45. particularly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在国际上具有重要意义的湿地的生态状况、保护目标以及面临的挑战，同时还提及了中国加入《国际重要湿地公约》的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：国家林业和草原局发布的一份白皮书称，最近，随着水质和生物多样性的改善，中国在国际上具有重要意义的湿地的生态状况一直在改善。根据时间状语Recently和语意可知，此处表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，应用现在完成进行时，主语the ecology of China's wetlands of international importance为单数，助动词用has。故填has been showing。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：中国有64处国际重要湿地，包括大陆上的63处和香港的1处。根据句意可知，63 on the mainland和one in Hong Kong之间为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年，这63处湿地覆盖了373万公顷，比2019年登记的面积有所增加。句中已有谓语动词covered，且无其它连词，所以此处应用register的非谓语动词形式作后置定语，修饰名词the size，register与the size之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填registered。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：根据白皮书，它们是2258种湿地植物和260种湿地鸟类的家园。be home to为固定短语，意为“是……的家园”。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：尽管在保护方面取得了进展，但湿地仍面临着外来植物入侵、环境污染和过度放牧的威胁。根据句意可知，此处表示“面临多种威胁”，应用可数名词threat的复数形式。故填threats。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：国家林业和草原局的一位官员表示，毫无疑问，中国的长期目标是加强对国际重要湿地的保护，开展湿地生态修复，加强外来物种的防控，提高湿地管理能力。分析句子结构可知，此处为表语，应用不定式形式，表示将来的动作或状态。故填to boost。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：国家林业和草原局的一位官员表示，毫无疑问，中国的长期目标是加强对国际重要湿地的保护，开展湿地生态修复，加强外来物种的防控，提高湿地管理能力。根据空格前的形容词ecological可知，此处应用restore的名词形式restoration作carry out的宾语，表示“生态修复”。故填restoration。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年是中国加入《国际重要湿地公约》30周年，该公约旨在为国际湿地栖息地保护合作提供框架。句中已有谓语动词marked，所以此处应用join的非谓语动词形式作后置定语，修饰名词the 30th anniversary of China，join与China之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填joining。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该公约于1975年生效，旨在为国际湿地栖息地保护合作提供框架。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The convention，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：在许多情况下，它们是水禽的自然栖息地，特别是跨境迁徙的鸟类。分析句子结构可知，此处应用particular的副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子，particularly，意为“特别地，尤其是”，符合语境语法。故填particularly。
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节　(满分 15 分)
46. 你校英语报正在开展以English Reading After Class为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.阅读情况描述；
2.简单评论；
3.你的建议。
注意：
1.写作字数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加内容，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
English Reading After Class
English reading after class is quite common among students nowadays. A survey was conducted among students.
To begin with, reading newspapers is the most popular way, with 60% of the students considering it as their favourite way in English reading. After that, some people view magazines as their reading material, accounting for 45% of the students. Still others prefer to read English novels and visit English websites when enhancing English skills, making up 27% and 15% respectively.
In my opinion, reading novels and magazines can enhance student's writing skills while newspapers and websites are beneficial to broadening their horizons. My suggestion is that students try different approaches when reading English after class, through which they may find the most suitable ways.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：to begin with→first of all
认为：consider →think
提高：enhance→improve
建议：suggestion→ advice
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：English reading after class is quite common among students nowadays.
拓展句：It is quite common that students read English after class nowadays.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To begin with, reading newspapers is the most popular way, with 60% of the students considering it as their favourite way in English reading. （运用了with的复合结构）
【高分句型2】 Still others prefer to read English novels and visit English websites when enhancing English skills, making up 27% and 15% respectively.（运用了非谓语动词作状语）
第二节　(满分25分)
47. 阅读下列短文，并根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Poor little Maggie was left alone after her mother died. What’s worse, no one would like to take her home. Two years before, a fall from a window had injured her spine, and she had not been able to leave her bed since.
“Take her to the orphanage(孤儿院),” said a neighbour. Joe Thompson, farmer who happened to pass by, paused and said to him, “It’s a cruel thing to send her there.” “Oh, Sir,” Maggie cried out, “don’t leave me here all alone!”
Though not good-looking in appearance. Joe Thompson had a soft heart. He liked children. “No, dear,” he answered, “you shall not be left alone.” Lifting her in his strong arms, he took her across the field to his home.
“Who is she ” sharply questioned Mrs. Thompson upon his return home. “Wait a moment for explanations, and be gentle,” Joe said equally sharply back. He carried Maggie to a small room on the first floor, and laid her on a bed. Then, stepping back, he shut the door, and stood face to face with his angry wife.
“I can’t believe it that you’ve brought home a sick child!” Her face was in a flame. “I think women’s hearts are sometimes very hard,” said Joe. His sudden outbreak had impressed his wife and he added quickly, “This poor motherless little one needs a family. Let’s keep her here.”
The voice of the strong, rough man shook, and he turned his head away, so that the tears in his eyes could not be seen. Mrs. Thompson did not answer, but a soft feeling crept into her heart. “Look at her kindly, Jane, and speak to her kindly,” said Joe, “Think of her dead mother, and the loneliness, the pain, the sorrow that must be on all her coming life.” Mrs. Thompson did not reply, but turned towards the little room where her husband had put Maggie: and, pushing open the door, went quietly in. Joe did not follow; he felt that it would be best to leave her alone with the child.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But he could not help looking in through the little room window.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Out came Mrs. Thompson who seemed to have made a decision.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
But he could not help looking in through the window. Maggie’s eyes were fixed on his wife. But he saw nothing of her usual coldness, or rudeness. She asked the poor child whether she needed bread and an egg. The poor child nodded heavily and almost cried with her eyes full of tears. Mrs. Thompson gently put her hands on the child’s head, knelt down and gave her a hug.
Out came Mrs. Thompson who seemed to have made a decision. She stared at Joe Thompson gruffly but walked directly towards the kitchen. The little girl ate with great pleasure and gave the woman a look of thankfulness which awoke her softest feelings down in her heart which had been hidden in one corner. “I don’t mind keeping her one year or two” said Mrs. Thompson. Thompson smiled while holding out his arms towards her. In fact since then, the house had been full sunshine of love.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物情感变化为线索，讲述了Mrs. Thompson见到Maggie后对于收养Maggie从拒绝到接受的心路历程，颂扬了人性的光辉。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他禁不住透过窗户往里看。”可知，第一段可描写Mrs. Thompson见到Maggie的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“Mrs. Thompson走了出来，似乎做出了决定。”可知，第二段可描写Mrs. Thompson态度与行为的转变。
2.续写线索：不情愿——接纳——照料——感恩
3.词汇激活
行为类
1.凝视：fix one’s eyes on/stare at
2. 吃：bolt/eat/gulp
3. 充满：be full of /be filled with
情感类：
1.感激：gratitude/thankfulness
2.坚定的：resolute/determined
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She asked the poor child whether she needed bread and an egg. （由连接词whether引导的宾语从句作asked的宾语）
[高分句型2]. The little girl ate with great pleasure and gave the woman a look of thankfulness which awoke her softest feelings down in her heart which had been hidden in one corner.（由关系代词which引导限制性定语从句）
　高二英语5月试卷
(120分钟 150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the man regret now
A.He wasn't admitted to university.
B.He didn't work hard at university.
C.He chose the wrong university to study.
2.Where is the woman's package
A.In the yard. B.Near the mailbox. C.On the path.
3.What are the speakers watching
A.Elephants. B.Lions. C.Monkeys.
4.Why does the man make the phone call
A.To reserve a table.
B.To invite Mr Black to have lunch.
C.To make an appointment with Mr Black.
5.Where does the conversation probably take place
A.In the classroom. B.In the office. C.In the hospital.
第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What happened to the woman
A.Her house was broken into.
B.Her study was destroyed.
C.Her window was broken.
7.What's the relationship between the speakers
A.Manager and customer.
B.Policeman and victim.
C.Officer and secretary.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What's wrong with the man
A.He fails to make an appointment.
B.He has to cancel a meeting.
C.He has got a cold.
9.What will the man do tomorrow
A.Attend a meeting. B.Play badminton. C.See a doctor.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.What happened to Joyce
A.Her children left her.
B.Her brother moved away.
C.Her dogs were dead.
11.Who lives with Joyce probably
A.Her relatives. B.Nobody. C.Her children.
12.What do the speakers agree to do for Joyce
A.Buy her a pet.
B.Take care of her.
C.Help her with some housework.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13.Who is the man's classmate
A.A manager. B.A professor. C.A driver.
14.Why will the girl go to the power company
A.To visit her father's friend.
B.To attend an interview.
C.To finish a practice project.
15.What is the girl going to do next
A.Get ready for a picnic.
B.Communicate with the manager.
CLearn about the company culture.
16.What's the man's attitude to the girl's idea
A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Unfavorable.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What can older farmers get if they retire
A.A sum of cash.
B.A commercial insurance.
C.A help from younger farmers.
18.Why does the government advise older farmers to retire
A.To improve the production.
B.To protect the environment.
C.To pass on the old farming methods.
19.What percentage of farmers are interested in the retirement plan
A.40%. B.65%. C.75%.
20.What's the speaker talking about
A.A new industry.
BA new farming method.
C.A retirement plan in the UK.
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Getting older can come with worsening health that makes it difficult to maintain a high quality of life. There are four games and apps that can help seniors stay sharp and avoid dementia (痴呆症).
Witty Words
This is an app that presents level-based crossword puzzles and word connect games, all featuring oversized buttons and controls designed for use by seniors. It can dynamically increase or decrease the difficulty of its games to suit each individual, which keeps seniors benefiting from its use.
Peak
This is more than just a simple set of games. It’s a complete brain-training ecosystem that includes everything seniors need to stay sharp and even improve their cognitive (认知的) abilities. Peak even includes a built-in personal trainer that helps track players’ progress and mark the steps they'll need to improve their mental sharpness.
Lumosity
Like Peak, Lumosity takes a scientific approach to brain training, by giving players access to various games developed to improve specific mental sharpness metrics. The designers begin by testing game mechanics in a laboratory setting to see how well they challenge specific types of cognitive abilities. Then they make games around those mechanics, adding in fun themes and enjoyable graphical elements.
Matrix Brain Challenge
It’s a memory training game that contains 20 difficulty levels and allows players to check their performance relative to thousands of their peers who also play the game. It’s fun, engaging, and useful as a tool to fight against the bad effects of Alzheimer’s disease.
1. What is special about Peak
A. It adjusts the difficulty of the games dynamically.
B. It contains interesting themes and attractive pictures.
C. It keeps the players healthy both mentally and physically.
D. It monitors the players’ progress and makes plans for them.
2. Which game lets players know their performance clearly among peers
A. Witty Words. B. Peak.
C. Lumosity. D. Matrix Brain Challenge.
3. Who are the four games and apps designed for
A. The sick. B. The elderly. C. The injured. D. The disabled.
B
“What are your hobbies ” It was a simple question for young researchers. I was a first-year PhD student eager to get to know my peers. I listened to my peers talk passionately about the musical instruments they played or the sports they took part in. When it was my turn, I mumbled “I like reading”. I didn't want to explain that my parents couldn’t afford music or sports lessons, or that I never had time to pursue those kinds of activities because I always had to work part-time jobs.
My family never went hungry, but our lives were limited to the essentials. My parents ran a small restaurant. They imagined I would work full time in the restaurant after graduating from high school. They didn’t realize I could get better jobs through education. As my mother put it later, “I didn’t know my child was that smart.” But a schoolteacher convinced my parents I should attend university.
Being smart, though, wasn’t enough. At university, I often felt the odd one out. That feeling prevented me from fully participating in conversations. By the end of my PhD, my professional confidence had grown. Still, I had difficulty connecting with people socially. My former manager told me that I was a classic case of imposter syndrome (冒充者综合征). I had accomplished enough in my professional life to know I was capable, and yet I struggled with self-doubt and a constant feeling of being an outsider.
Luckily, I soon discovered I was not alone. I began to read stories about high-achieving women, many of whom were first-generation students and minorities like me. Hearing my own experience echoed in those stories helped me let go of the shame of growing up poor. I talk freely now about my upbringing. This has made me feel more whole as a person and has allowed me to connect better to my colleagues, some of whom — to my surprise — shared similar stories with me.
4. What was the author’s life like in the first year of her PhD
A. She learnt to play some musical instruments.
B. She actively spoke in academic discussions.
C. She failed to fully have conversations with peers.
D. She was unwilling to do extra-curricular activities.
5. What did the author’s mother use to think of her
A She would take over the restaurant.
B. She would struggle for life essentials.
C. She could attend her dream university.
D. She could be smarter through education.
6. Which of the following is a sign of having imposter syndrome
A. You lie to everyone around you.
B. You constantly suspect your abilities.
C. You perform badly in professional life.
D. You have difficulty talking with strangers.
7. What made the author finally let go of the shame of growing up poor
A Getting great academic success.
B. Talking freely with her colleagues.
C. Knowing others share similar experiences.
D. Working with some high-achieving women.
C
A report shows six in ten young adults rely financially on older generations in their family, aged 65 and over — who support them in the costs of education, travel, and daily routine like shopping.
Nick Walker, from Edwards Lifesciences UK and Ireland, which commissioned the research and created the Unifying Generations report, said, “The report sheds light on the key social and economic contribution of the senior population, and demonstrates the importance of protecting their health and well-being. It’s interesting to compare the views of both younger and older generations, to show just how much value people aged 65 and over are providing. The UK’s population is ageing according to Age UK, and one in five people will be over 65 by 2030.While an ageing society is often thought of as a problem, our report shows there are lots of positives to be found.”
According to younger people, the most valuable skills older people can offer include listening and giving advice (45%), companionship and friendship (38%), and sharing historical or cultural knowledge (31%). The older generation, meanwhile, recognizes the need to improve their digital skills — with 40% saying they would most like to learn technology and digital media from those aged 40 and under.
One of the most positive themes that emerged from the report was that more than three-quarters of people, are willing to improve intergenerational interactions. The report calls for three recommendations to improve it — by changing the views of the UK’s over-65s, supporting mentoring (指导) plans, and introducing digital training for older people.
Derek Thomas, MP for St Ives, said, “I wholeheartedly approve the report’s three recommendations. By changing the views of older people, we celebrate and recognize their great contribution, and encourage even more. New mentoring plans will help our younger people to make greater steps educationally and professionally, while digital training for older people will reduce isolation and keep family and communities much closer.”
8. What do Nick Walker’s words in paragraph 2 convey
A. Seniors play a part in the scientific progress.
B. It’s necessary and important to protect seniors.
C. It’s vital for the young to have the correct values.
D. Seniors provide enough financial support for the young.
9. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. Some skills seniors need to improve.
B. Some valuable skills seniors can offer.
C. The benefits of intergenerational interactions.
D. The comparisons between younger and older people.
10. What’s the purpose of the report’s three recommendations
A. To urge seniors to learn digital skills.
B. To promote seniors’ competitive awareness.
C. To change people’s attitude towards seniors.
D. To bring younger and older generations closer.
11. In which column of the newspaper can you most likely read the text
A. Society. B. Health. C. Culture. D. Technology.
D
You know the feeling — your ears start to warm up, your tongue goes numb, you start sweating and taking deep breaths. You’ve just eaten something spicy, knowing it would be painful, and yet, you choose to do it anyway. Are humans just masochistic (受虐狂的), or is there something else going on The answer lies in both science and history.
Let’s start with the science. Spicy isn’t actually a taste like salty, sweet, sour and bitter — it’s a sensation. This sensation is caused by a chemical compound found in chili peppers called ‘capsaicin’ (辣椒素). When we eat foods containing capsaicin, our bodies are tricked into thinking the temperature is actually rising. In trying to comfort the burning sensation, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽) which control pain and, at the same time, give a feeling of pleasure — like painkillers. This is what is happening chemically, but there is also a conscious side to choosing spicy food. Dr Tamara Rosenbaum, a cognitive neuroscientist, explains in an interview that this is because we are rational beings — we know that the burning sensation of chilli does not physically harm us. Furthermore, we derive pleasure from the other ingredients chilli is generally cooked and eaten with, including fat, sugar and salt. So like skydiving, eating chilli is a form of thrill-seeking or ‘benign masochism’, where we get pleasure from a seemingly negative sensation.
This masochistic relationship with capsaicin has been a long one, starting in the Andes of South America, where chilli peppers originate. Humans were one of the few mammals on Earth that developed a taste for capsaicin, so archaeological evidence suggests, they started planting chilli peppers about six thousand years ago. Human intervention changed the chilli pepper to suit human tastes and needs — including the pepper’s color, size and capsaicin content — helping to explain the many different types of chilli peppers now available.
Fast-forward to today, and our love for the chilli pepper is going strong. We eat around 57.3 million tons of peppers globally each year, and chilli is a key ingredient in traditional dishes from Mexico to Korea. Maybe we are masochistic after all.
12. What happens to us when we eat something spicy according to the text
A. Our bodies release endorphins.
B. Our body temperature is rising.
C. We have difficulty in breathing.
D. We are physically harming ourselves.
13. What does the underlined word “derive” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Create. B. Get. C. Forget. D. Request.
14. Which can best describe the relationship between humans and chilli peppers
A. Strange and terrible.
B. Weak but fascinating.
C. Masochistic but strong.
D. Harmonious and pleasant.
15. What does the text mainly talk about
A. Spicy is a sensation.
B. The history of spicy food.
C. Why humans are attached to spicy food.
D. The interaction between humans and spicy food.
第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A piggyback ride is a ride on someone’s back. It’s almost a custom during childhood: climbing onto an older person’s back for a piggyback ride around the house or yard. But if you stop to think about this game’s name —“piggyback ride”, you may be puzzled and have a question. ____16____
The origins of the word “piggyback” might date back to the mid-16th century, when people carried various goods on their backs or the backs of their animals. The term for this practice back then was “pick pack”, since people picked up a pack. ____17____ First, the phrase became the almost identical to “pick-a-pack”, and then “pick-a-back”, since the pack picked went on someone’s back.
____18____ Some say “pick-a-pack” — which was the version in use by the 18th century—sounded like “pick-i-back” or “picky back”, which eventually became “piggyback”. Others say people then were confused by the “pick-a” part of “pick-a-back”. So they changed it to a familiar word that sounded similar to “piggy”.
Well, were people in Britain or North America the first to use the term “piggyback” ____19____ But the term “pig-a-back” was used in A Dialogue in the Devonshire Dialect published in 1837 and “piggy-back” was used in the US by the 1880s.
____20____ One of the most popular comes in the field of transportation, where piggybacking means something riding on top of something else, such as cars being transported on a train. It’s also used in the trucking industry. In photography, piggybacking describes the practice of attaching a camera to a telescope.
A. No one is sure about it.
B Why do we call it a “piggyback ride”
C. Things get a little bit confusing from here.
D. How does the game influence people's life
E. Probably people in North America were the first users.
F. Today, “piggyback” is used in a wide variety of contexts.
G. As so often is the case with language, the phrase has changed over the years.
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Some years ago, I was stuck on a crosstown bus during rush hour. The bus was filled with cold, tired people ____21____ with one another. Two men ____22____ at each other for an unintentional push. An elderly woman got on, and nobody offered her a(n) ____23____. Anger was in the air; no ____24____ could be found here.
As the bus approached Seventh Avenue, the driver’s words came from the speaker. “Hello everyone,” he said. “I know you’ve had a(n) ____25____ day and that you are depressed, but I will ____26____. When each of you walks by before getting off, drop your ____27____ into my palm (手掌). My route goes right by the Hudson River, into which I’ll ____28____ them. ”
It seemed as if a spell had lifted. Everyone burst out laughing, their faces shining with ____29____. The passengers who had been ____30____ each other’s existence were suddenly grinning (咧嘴笑) at each other. They might think, “Is this guy serious ”
At the next stop, just as ____31____, the driver held out his hand, palm up, and waited. All the ____32____ passengers performed the gesture of dropping something into his palm. The driver ____33____ the same action at every stop that followed.
Sometimes we may sink into a grey world, but someone can ____34____ it like a ray of light, showing us hope. What if we are the light ____35____, anyone has the power to shine on others’ dark days.
21. A. satisfied B. annoyed C. impressed D. associated
22. A. waved B. nodded C. barked D. shot
23. A. reminder B. option C. ride D. seat
24. A. joy B. fortune C. courage D. security
25. A. average B. tough C. important D. fruitful
26. A. take risks B. show up C. help out D. make comments
27. A. memories B. troubles C. faults D. tips
28. A. cast B. stretch C. accompany D. transform
29. A. envy B. light C. pride D. pleasure
30. A. suspecting B. appreciating C. ignoring D. expecting
31. A. ordered B. promised C. requested D. reported
32. A. chosen B. fooled C. sitting D. exiting
33. A. interpreted B. designed C. repeated D. evaluated
34. A. brighten B. explore C. reward D. divide
35. A. However B. Instead C. Actually D. Consequently
第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, the ecology of China’s wetlands of international importance ___36___ (show) improvement in the wake of better water quality and biodiversity, said a white paper issued by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
China had 64 wetlands of international importance, including 63 on the mainland ___37___ one in Hong Kong. The white paper surveyed the wetlands on the mainland. The 63 wetlands covered 3.73 million hectares in 2021, up from the size ___38___ (register) in 2019. They are home ___39___ 2,258 species of wetland plants and 260 species of wetland birds, according to the white paper. Despite progress in conservation, the wetlands face ___40___ (threat) from alien plant invasion, environmental pollution and overgrazing.
Without doubt, China’s long-term goal is ___41___ (boost) the conservation of the wetlands of international importance, carry out wetland ecological ___42___ (restore), strengthen the prevention and control of alien species and improve wetland management capacity, said an official with the administration.
The year 2022 marked the 30th anniversary of China ___43___ (join) the Convention (公约) on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat. The convention, ___44___ took effect in 1975, aims to provide the framework for international cooperation for the conservation of wetland habitats. Wetlands include marshes, beaches and lakes. In many cases they are the natural habitats of waterfowl, _____45_____ (particular) migratory birds which move across borders.
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节　(满分 15 分)
46. 你校英语报正在开展以English Reading After Class为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.阅读情况描述；
2.简单评论；
3.你的建议。
注意：
1.写作字数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加内容，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节　(满分25分)
47. 阅读下列短文，并根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Poor little Maggie was left alone after her mother died. What’s worse, no one would like to take her home. Two years before, a fall from a window had injured her spine, and she had not been able to leave her bed since.
“Take her to the orphanage(孤儿院),” said a neighbour. Joe Thompson, farmer who happened to pass by, paused and said to him, “It’s a cruel thing to send her there.” “Oh, Sir,” Maggie cried out, “don’t leave me here all alone!”
Though not good-looking in appearance. Joe Thompson had a soft heart. He liked children. “No, dear,” he answered, “you shall not be left alone.” Lifting her in his strong arms, he took her across the field to his home.
“Who is she ” sharply questioned Mrs. Thompson upon his return home. “Wait a moment for explanations, and be gentle,” Joe said equally sharply back. He carried Maggie to a small room on the first floor, and laid her on a bed. Then, stepping back, he shut the door, and stood face to face with his angry wife.
“I can’t believe it that you’ve brought home a sick child!” Her face was in a flame. “I think women’s hearts are sometimes very hard,” said Joe. His sudden outbreak had impressed his wife and he added quickly, “This poor motherless little one needs a family. Let’s keep her here.”
The voice of the strong, rough man shook, and he turned his head away, so that the tears in his eyes could not be seen. Mrs. Thompson did not answer, but a soft feeling crept into her heart. “Look at her kindly, Jane, and speak to her kindly,” said Joe, “Think of her dead mother, and the loneliness, the pain, the sorrow that must be on all her coming life.” Mrs. Thompson did not reply, but turned towards the little room where her husband had put Maggie: and, pushing open the door, went quietly in. Joe did not follow; he felt that it would be best to leave her alone with the child.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But he could not help looking in through the little room window.
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Out came Mrs. Thompson who seemed to have made a decision.
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