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武汉六中2024-2025学年度高一下学期第3次月考
英语试题
考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分
☆冷静沉着 规范答题 端正考风 严禁舞弊☆
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers
A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a cinema.
2. What will the woman do
A. Buy a new car. B. Have her car repaired. C. Ask her brother for money.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. Where to perform. B. How to have a debate. C. Which club to join.
4. What does Linda do every Sunday
A. She does a part-time job. B. She babysits her twin sisters. C. She attends a school activity.
5. Why is the boy’s mother against the trip
A. Australia is too far away.
B. The trip may be meaningless.
C. The time of the trip is unsuitable.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is bothering the boy
A That his grade is unsatisfactory.
B. That his school year is almost over.
C. That his schoolwork is too heavy.
7. What does the girl offer to do for the boy
A. Help schedule his time wisely.
B. Bring his lunch to the library.
C. Assist him with some of the work.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How often does the man contact his aunt
A. On a monthly basis. B. Once a week. C. Seldom.
9. Why didn’t the man’s aunt chat with him online
A. Her kids keep her busy all the time.
B. She does not have a computer in the house.
C. She’s not interested in using the computer.
10. What will the man do next
A. Ask his cousins for help B. Teach his aunt himself. C. Ask his parents for help.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What day is it today
A. Friday. B. Thursday. C. Wednesday.
12. What has stopped the woman taking the table by the window
A. It’s already been reserved. B. It’s in the smoking area. C. It costs more.
13. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Try another restaurant.
B. Choose an outdoor table.
C. Make a reservation another day.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What does the woman think of a career in Economics
A. Promising. B. Challenging. C. Tiring.
15. What skill will the woman mainly learn from the course in Economics
A. Time management. B. Note-taking. C. Financial planning.
16. What extra course will the woman probably take
A. Statistics. B. Travel and Business. C. Public Relations.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the purpose of the show
A. To raise money for the elderly.
B. To collect money for the Art Department.
C. To offer students a chance to do modeling.
18. When will the presentation of women’s clothes be
A. At 9:10 a.m. B. At 10:30 a.m. C. At 12:30 p.m.
19. What will the show end with
A. Summer wear. B. Designer clothes. C. Students’ own designs.
20. Where can people buy clothes after the show
A. In high-street stores.
B. At the college bookshop.
C. In the admissions office.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题22.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Everyone loves a classic novel, but where to start From Jane Austen to Charles Dickens, Toni Morrison to Fyodor Dostoevsky, the literary world is vast and easy to get lost in.
So, we asked our readers to share their favorite classic books. The resulting must read list is the perfect starting point for your classics adventure.
To Kill a Mockingbird(1960)
Harper Lee’s Pulitzer winning novel addresses race, inequality, and justice in the Deep South. Through the eyes of Scout and Jem, it introduces Atticus Finch, a lawyer who bravely fights against racial injustice. A powerful and thought provoking read about American society in the early 20th century.
Brave New World(1932)
Aldous Huxley’s dystopian (反乌托邦的) masterpiece pictures a future shaped by technology and societal conditioning. As AI and machine learning evolve, Huxley’s vision still holds true even today, challenging us to question who controls our future.
In Cold Blood(1965)
Truman Capote’s chilling true crime masterpiece blends in depth reporting with literary storytelling. After six years of thorough research, Capote created an engaging, real life murder account, pioneering the modern true crime genre (体裁).
Les Misérables(1862)
Victor Hugo’s epic novel explores love, forgiveness and social injustice in 19th century France. Following ex prisoner Jean Valjean’s transformation, it paints a touching picture of poverty and toughness. Beautifully written and deeply moving, it remains a timeless classic.
A perfect list to kick start your journey into classic literature!
1. What do we know about Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird
A. He breaks laws.
B. He hates racism.
C. He dislikes whites.
D. He wins a Pulitzer Prize.
2. Which book explores the relationship between man and machine
A. To Kill a Mockingbird. B. Brave New World.
C. In Cold Blood. D. Les Misérables.
3. What makes In Cold Blood special among the four books
A. It features beautiful pictures.
B. It explores the future of AI.
C. It engages the readers with literary storytelling.
D. It combines news reporting with fiction writing.
B
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
4. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
5. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
6. What does Curtin’s company do
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
7. What does Curtin suggest people do
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
C
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
D
At its annual general assembly in Vienna last month, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) did something unusual. The chair of its awards committee, Thomas Blunier, presented a breakdown, by gender, of prize nominees (被提名者) and nominators (提名者) since 2014. The data were revealing. Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men.
This is clearly a problem, but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it. Although women are still under-represented in EGU nominations, their share of awards is now approaching their representation among EGU members, thanks to corrective measures taken by the organization s awards committee. The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners.
Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer. In mathematics, for example, the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators and award-committee members aware of unconscious bias. Many prize nomination forms now include statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity. The committees that award Nobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increase diversity in nominees and that the proportion of women nominated is rising.
Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools. In 2019, Nature suggested that award organizers might cast their nets wider when seeking nominations by approaching networks that include academies of science in low and middle-income countries. This is still not happening on the scale that it needs to.
Sadly, these measures will not make science prizes match global diversity, at least not straight away. Many prizes are based on work carried out decades ago, when the barriers to entering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-represented groups and countries. At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame.
12. What is the purpose of showing the data from the EGU
A. To show the gender balance among its members.
B. To encourage females to nominate other females.
C. To reflect that women have been ignored in awards.
D. To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness.
13. What efforts have been made to promote the fairness among the prizewinners
A. Publicizing the nomination data.
B. Widening the application pools by nominees.
C. Introducing guidelines on increasing diversity.
D. Casting the nets wider when seeking nominations.
14. What does the author hold in the last paragraph
A. Existing nomination pools are not transparent.
B. Professional societies must make a difference.
C. The barriers to entering science will not be higher.
D. Science has kept up with the global trend of diversity.
15. Which of the following might be the best title for this text
A. European Geosciences Union: An Nontraditional Model
B Diversity in Science Prizes: Why is Progress So Slow
C. Progress in Science: Nomination Shows Justice for All
D. The Way to Gender Diversity: Difficult, Delicate but Destined
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Don’t Let Personality Types Define You
Personality tests, especially the Myers-Briggs type indicator (MBTI), are popular tools that many people use to better understand themselves and their relationships with others. MBTI sorts people into 16 different personality types based on four key categories. ___16___
The MBTI system provides a simple way to categorize individuals based on their preferences. But people are complex. Our personalities can change over time, depending on experiences and growth. What the MBTI test reveals is just a snapshot of one’s preferences, not a complete definition of who you are. For example, if the test labels (贴标签) you as an “introvert (内向的人)”, you may feel tempted to avoid social communication because you think it’s not in your nature to be outgoing. But you might find that your ability to enjoy social events increases over time. ___17___ You should see it as a starting point for self-reflection and growth.
Similarly, if you are categorized as a “thinking” type, it might lead you to believe that you are always rational (理性的), while neglecting your “feeling” side. ___18___ Emotional response is also an essential part of human nature, and embracing them can enhance your decision-making process and relationships.
___19___. They might think, for instance, that an “introvert” would not be a good leader. But there are countless examples of introverts succeeding in these types of roles. Many introverts achieve success through careful listening and thoughtful decision-making. Don’t let the MBTI label stop you from pursuing opportunities that feel right for you.
Finally, one of the most important lessons we can learn from the MBTI is that we are not defined by one test or label. The test results should be seen as a guide, not a limitation. By focusing on our strengths and embracing the full complexity of our personalities, we can lead richer and more fulfilling lives. ___20___
A We are all more than the labels we receive.
B. The key is not to accept the label as an unchangeable fact.
C. However, it’s essential to understand that both parts are valuable.
D. We must admit emotion’s significant role in personal development.
E. Try to focus on your strengths rather than worry about your weaknesses.
F. Additionally, many people believe their “type” restricts their career or life choices.
G. Although these tests can provide useful insights, they shouldn’t define or limit you.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题11分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I ____21____ the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to ____22____ a few dollars More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t excited enough about free credits, news about our ____23____ was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which ____24____ I would be learning from one of the game’s best. I could hardly wait to meet him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this ____25____ was no game for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it ____26____ that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to ____27____ the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to ____28____ what we would learn in class to our future professions and, eventually, to our lives. I managed to get an A in that courses and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the ____29____.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he ____30____ me: “The absolute most important ____31____ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good ____32____. On every single move you have to ____33____ a situation, process what your opponent is doing and ____34____ the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my ____35____ as a journalist.
21. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
22. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
23. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor
24. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
25 A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job
26. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible
27. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe
28. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare
29. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation
30. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised
31. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill
32. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments
33. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control
34. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate
35. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ____36____ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ____37____ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,____38____ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over____39____ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines ____40____ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been____41____ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ____42____every day.
Later, engineers ____43____ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ____44____ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most _____45_____ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
第四部分 写作（满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，为了弘扬中华民族的传统美德，你校将以“Morals and Virtues”为主题举办英文演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 你对中华传统美德的理解；
2. 你的期望。
注意：
写作词数应为80个左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Police Outpost Lake is as far south as you can go in Canada. In fact, next to the lake are the protected wetlands, where songbirds, ducks, and Canada geese glided by on the breeze, touching down briefly on the water’s surface before flapping (振翅) their way back up into the sky.
Standing at the lake’s edge, my cousin, Allan, and I cast our fishing lines separately onto the smooth-as-glass water. Down the shoreline was Allan’s father, my uncle Rick. He liked to fish alone, away from distractions, noise, and other people.
Allan shouted, “Dad, where should I stand ”
Uncle Rick pressed his finger to his lips, pointed to a shady spot by a large rock where he had cast his line and shook his head gently.
“He wants us to be quiet or else we won’t catch any fish.” I whispered.
“Why do I have to be so quiet ” asked Allan. “All those birds are making more noise than I ever could!”
I ignored him, pulling back on my rod gently and squinting into the glare of the sun. Out of the corner of my eye, I caught a glimpse of a few great northern loons (潜鸟) gathering together not far from the shoreline. What were they doing there Loons usually travel alone, but here were five of them in a cluster. Maybe it was a family Just then one loon, making a loud painful cry, swam away from the group, toward me.
“Allan! Come here. Now!”
Allan laid his fishing rod down on the dirty sand, darting toward me.
“Come here. Take a look at that loon. It’s swimming toward us, not far away from us. It’s trying to get our attention.”
The loon finally stopped in the shallow water near shore, not ten feet away from us. It was so close that we could see its round red eyes. Strangely, the bird’s wings were held tight against its body.
Wading into the water and getting closer to the loon, we both saw a fishing line wrapped tightly around its neck and a shiny red hook (鱼钩) in its body. Left like this, the loon couldn’t fly or fish or survive. It was asking us to help!
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Go fetch the scissors from the fishing box,” I urged Allan.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I set down the loon on the water, it joyfully flapped its wings.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________武汉六中2024-2025学年度高一下学期第3次月考
英语试题
考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分
☆冷静沉着 规范答题 端正考风 严禁舞弊☆
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers
A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a cinema.
2. What will the woman do
A. Buy a new car. B. Have her car repaired. C. Ask her brother for money.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. Where to perform. B. How to have a debate. C. Which club to join.
4. What does Linda do every Sunday
A. She does a part-time job. B. She babysits her twin sisters. C. She attends a school activity.
5. Why is the boy’s mother against the trip
A. Australia is too far away.
B. The trip may be meaningless.
C. The time of the trip is unsuitable.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is bothering the boy
A. That his grade is unsatisfactory.
B. That his school year is almost over.
C. That his schoolwork is too heavy.
7. What does the girl offer to do for the boy
A. Help schedule his time wisely.
B. Bring his lunch to the library.
C. Assist him with some of the work.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How often does the man contact his aunt
A. On a monthly basis. B. Once a week. C. Seldom.
9. Why didn’t the man’s aunt chat with him online
A. Her kids keep her busy all the time.
B. She does not have a computer in the house.
C. She’s not interested in using the computer.
10. What will the man do next
A. Ask his cousins for help B. Teach his aunt himself. C. Ask his parents for help.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What day is it today
A. Friday. B. Thursday. C. Wednesday.
12. What has stopped the woman taking the table by the window
A. It’s already been reserved. B. It’s in the smoking area. C. It costs more.
13. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Try another restaurant.
B. Choose an outdoor table.
C. Make a reservation another day.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What does the woman think of a career in Economics
A. Promising. B. Challenging. C. Tiring.
15. What skill will the woman mainly learn from the course in Economics
A. Time management. B. Note-taking. C. Financial planning.
16. What extra course will the woman probably take
A. Statistics. B. Travel and Business. C. Public Relations.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the purpose of the show
A. To raise money for the elderly.
B. To collect money for the Art Department.
C. To offer students a chance to do modeling.
18. When will the presentation of women’s clothes be
A. At 9:10 a.m. B. At 10:30 a.m. C. At 12:30 p.m.
19. What will the show end with
A. Summer wear. B. Designer clothes. C. Students’ own designs.
20. Where can people buy clothes after the show
A. In high-street stores.
B. At the college bookshop.
C. In the admissions office.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题22.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Everyone loves a classic novel, but where to start From Jane Austen to Charles Dickens, Toni Morrison to Fyodor Dostoevsky, the literary world is vast and easy to get lost in.
So, we asked our readers to share their favorite classic books. The resulting must read list is the perfect starting point for your classics adventure.
To Kill a Mockingbird(1960)
Harper Lee’s Pulitzer winning novel addresses race, inequality, and justice in the Deep South. Through the eyes of Scout and Jem, it introduces Atticus Finch, a lawyer who bravely fights against racial injustice. A powerful and thought provoking read about American society in the early 20th century.
Brave New World(1932)
Aldous Huxley’s dystopian (反乌托邦的) masterpiece pictures a future shaped by technology and societal conditioning. As AI and machine learning evolve, Huxley’s vision still holds true even today, challenging us to question who controls our future.
In Cold Blood(1965)
Truman Capote’s chilling true crime masterpiece blends in depth reporting with literary storytelling. After six years of thorough research, Capote created an engaging, real life murder account, pioneering the modern true crime genre (体裁).
Les Misérables(1862)
Victor Hugo’s epic novel explores love, forgiveness and social injustice in 19th century France. Following ex prisoner Jean Valjean’s transformation, it paints a touching picture of poverty and toughness. Beautifully written and deeply moving, it remains a timeless classic.
A perfect list to kick start your journey into classic literature!
1. What do we know about Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird
A. He breaks laws.
B. He hates racism.
C. He dislikes whites.
D. He wins a Pulitzer Prize.
2. Which book explores the relationship between man and machine
A. To Kill a Mockingbird. B. Brave New World.
C. In Cold Blood. D. Les Misérables.
3. What makes In Cold Blood special among the four books
A. It features beautiful pictures.
B. It explores the future of AI.
C. It engages the readers with literary storytelling.
D. It combines news reporting with fiction writing.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。这篇文章推荐了一些经典小说，《杀死一只知更鸟》、《美丽新世界》、《冷血》和《悲惨世界》，作为开始探索经典文学的理想之选。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To Kill a Mockingbird (1960)”部分的“Through the eyes of Scout and Jem, it introduces Atticus Finch, a lawyer who bravely fights against racial injustice.( 通过Scout和Jem的眼睛，它介绍了Atticus Finch，一个勇敢地反对种族不公正的律师。)”可知，Atticus Finch是一名勇敢反对种族不公正的律师，这表明他讨厌种族主义。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Brave New World (1932) 部分“Aldous Huxley’s dystopian (反乌托邦的) masterpiece pictures a future shaped by technology and societal conditioning. As AI and machine learning evolve, Huxley’s vision still holds true even today, challenging us to question who controls our future.( Aldous Huxley的这部反乌托邦杰作描绘了一个由技术和社会条件塑造的未来。随着人工智能和机器学习的发展，Huxley的愿景即使在今天仍然适用，这让我们质疑谁控制了我们的未来。)”可知，《美丽新世界》描绘了一个由技术和社会条件塑造的未来，随着人工智能和机器学习的发展，这本书提出了关于谁控制我们未来的问题，所以它探讨了人与机器之间的关系。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In Cold Blood (1965)”部分的“Truman Capote’s chilling true-crime masterpiece blends in-depth reporting with literary storytelling. After six years of thorough research, Capote created an engaging, real-life murder account, pioneering the modern true crime genre (体裁).( Truman Capote的这部令人不寒而栗的真实犯罪杰作将深度报道与文学叙事相结合。经过六年的深入研究，卡波特创造了一个引人入胜的、真实的谋杀故事，开创了现代真实犯罪类型。)” 可知，《冷血》的特别之处在于它将深入的新闻报道与文学叙事相结合，开创了现代真实犯罪体裁。故选D项。
B
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
4. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
5. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
6. What does Curtin’s company do
A It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
7. What does Curtin suggest people do
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”)”可知，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.(“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷说)”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选A项。
【点睛】
C
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
【点睛】
D
At its annual general assembly in Vienna last month, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) did something unusual. The chair of its awards committee, Thomas Blunier, presented a breakdown, by gender, of prize nominees (被提名者) and nominators (提名者) since 2014. The data were revealing. Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men.
This is clearly a problem, but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it. Although women are still under-represented in EGU nominations, their share of awards is now approaching their representation among EGU members, thanks to corrective measures taken by the organization s awards committee. The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners.
Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer. In mathematics, for example, the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators and award-committee members aware of unconscious bias. Many prize nomination forms now include statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity. The committees that award Nobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increase diversity in nominees and that the proportion of women nominated is rising.
Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools. In 2019, Nature suggested that award organizers might cast their nets wider when seeking nominations by approaching networks that include academies of science in low and middle-income countries. This is still not happening on the scale that it needs to.
Sadly, these measures will not make science prizes match global diversity, at least not straight away. Many prizes are based on work carried out decades ago, when the barriers to entering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-represented groups and countries. At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame.
12. What is the purpose of showing the data from the EGU
A. To show the gender balance among its members.
B. To encourage females to nominate other females.
C. To reflect that women have been ignored in awards.
D. To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness.
13. What efforts have been made to promote the fairness among the prizewinners
A. Publicizing the nomination data.
B. Widening the application pools by nominees.
C. Introducing guidelines on increasing diversity.
D. Casting the nets wider when seeking nominations.
14. What does the author hold in the last paragraph
A. Existing nomination pools are not transparent.
B. Professional societies must make a difference.
C. The barriers to entering science will not be higher.
D Science has kept up with the global trend of diversity.
15. Which of the following might be the best title for this text
A. European Geosciences Union: An Nontraditional Model
B. Diversity in Science Prizes: Why is Progress So Slow
C. Progress in Science: Nomination Shows Justice for All
D. The Way to Gender Diversity: Difficult, Delicate but Destined
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。我们真的足够了解科学奖项的公平性和合理性吗 在科学奖项的遴选过程中，不公布提名细节，这使得女性和弱势群体在获奖中未得到充分代表。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据关键词 EGU定位到第一段中的“Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men.(尽管女性在协会成员中占37% ，但她们只获得了20% 的提名，这表明女性获得提名的可能性低于男性。数据还显示，人们在提名时往往偏爱自己的性别，而男性最有可能提名其他男性)”可知，女性比男性更不可能被提名，即女性在奖项中被忽略了。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners.(EGU 不同于其他大多数科学协会，这些科学协会都不公开提名数据。尽管它对于获奖者之间的公平是必要的)”可知，EGU会把获奖者的提名数据公开，这样做对于获奖者之间的公平是必要的。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame.(至少，专业协会必须确保他们的提名名单代表它们的社区。更大的透明度和更广泛、更多样化的提名人群，增加了奖励优秀人才的机会，而不是扩大现有的名人网络)”可知，作者认为，在提名方面，专业协会要有所作为，即要保证提名名单代表它们的社区，要有更大的透明度和更广泛、更多样化的提名人群，增加了奖励优秀人才的机会。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段提到上个月在维也纳举行的年度大会上，欧洲地球科学联盟委员会主席托马斯 布卢尼耶（Thomas Blunier）公布了自2014年以来按性别分列的获奖者和提名者名单，名单显示女性在奖项提名中被忽略了。进而在下面的文章中提到为了使得奖项的设置更公平化，许多的团体已经做出了努力。遗憾的是，这些措施不会使科学奖项与全球多样性相匹配，至少不会马上匹配。因而文章的标题可以为科学奖的多样性：为什么进展如此缓慢？故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Don’t Let Personality Types Define You
Personality tests, especially the Myers-Briggs type indicator (MBTI), are popular tools that many people use to better understand themselves and their relationships with others. MBTI sorts people into 16 different personality types based on four key categories. ___16___
The MBTI system provides a simple way to categorize individuals based on their preferences. But people are complex. Our personalities can change over time, depending on experiences and growth. What the MBTI test reveals is just a snapshot of one’s preferences, not a complete definition of who you are. For example, if the test labels (贴标签) you as an “introvert (内向的人)”, you may feel tempted to avoid social communication because you think it’s not in your nature to be outgoing. But you might find that your ability to enjoy social events increases over time. ___17___ You should see it as a starting point for self-reflection and growth.
Similarly, if you are categorized as a “thinking” type, it might lead you to believe that you are always rational (理性的), while neglecting your “feeling” side. ___18___ Emotional response is also an essential part of human nature, and embracing them can enhance your decision-making process and relationships.
___19___. They might think, for instance, that an “introvert” would not be a good leader. But there are countless examples of introverts succeeding in these types of roles. Many introverts achieve success through careful listening and thoughtful decision-making. Don’t let the MBTI label stop you from pursuing opportunities that feel right for you.
Finally, one of the most important lessons we can learn from the MBTI is that we are not defined by one test or label. The test results should be seen as a guide, not a limitation. By focusing on our strengths and embracing the full complexity of our personalities, we can lead richer and more fulfilling lives. ___20___
A. We are all more than the labels we receive.
B. The key is not to accept the label as an unchangeable fact.
C. However, it’s essential to understand that both parts are valuable.
D. We must admit emotion’s significant role in personal development.
E. Try to focus on your strengths rather than worry about your weaknesses.
F. Additionally, many people believe their “type” restricts their career or life choices.
G. Although these tests can provide useful insights, they shouldn’t define or limit you.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了MBTI人格测试虽受欢迎，但不应定义或限制人，应视结果为成长指引。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Personality tests, especially the Myers-Briggs type indicator (MBTI), are popular tools that many people use to better understand themselves and their relationships with others. MBTI sorts people into 16 different personality types based on four key categories. (人格测试，尤其是迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标（MBTI），是许多人用来更好地了解自己以及他们与他人关系的流行工具。MBTI根据四个关键类别将人们分为16种不同的人格类型)”以及下文开始阐述MBTI的局限性可知，空处需要一个过渡句来引出对MBTI不应定义或限制人的观点。G选项“尽管这些测试可以提供有用的见解，但它们不应该定义或限制你。”中these tests指代上文的Personality tests，shouldn’t define or limit you引出下文对MBTI局限性的阐述，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“What the MBTI test reveals is just a snapshot of one’s preferences, not a complete definition of who you are. For example, if the test labels (贴标签) you as an “introvert (内向的人)”, you may feel tempted to avoid social communication because you think it’s not in your nature to be outgoing. But you might find that your ability to enjoy social events increases over time. (MBTI测试所揭示的只是一个人偏好的一个快照，而不是对你是谁的完整定义。例如，如果测试给你贴上“内向的人”的标签，你可能会想避免社交，因为你认为外向不是你的天性。但你可能会发现，随着时间的推移，你享受社交活动的能力会提高)”可知，MBTI的标签不是绝对的，不应该把它当作不可改变的事实。B选项“关键是不要把这个标签当作一个不可改变的事实。”中the label指代上文的MBTI测试的标签，承接上文，符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Similarly, if you are categorized as a “thinking” type, it might lead you to believe that you are always rational (理性的), while neglecting your “feeling” side. (同样，如果你被归类为“思考”型，这可能会让你认为自己总是理性的，而忽略了你的“情感”方面)”以及下文“Emotional response is also an essential part of human nature, and embracing them can enhance your decision-making process and relationships. (情感反应也是人性的一个重要部分，接受它们可以提高你的决策过程和人际关系)”可知，“思考”和“情感”这两方面都有其价值。C选项“然而，必须明白这两个部分都是有价值的。”中both parts指的是上文提到的thinking和feeling，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据下文“They might think, for instance, that an “introvert” would not be a good leader. But there are countless examples of introverts succeeding in these types of roles. Many introverts achieve success through careful listening and thoughtful decision-making. Don’t let the MBTI label stop you from pursuing opportunities that feel right for you.(例如，他们可能会认为“内向的人”不会成为好领导。但有无数内向的人在这些类型的角色中取得成功的例子。许多内向的人通过认真倾听和深思熟虑的决策取得成功。不要让MBTI标签阻止你追求适合你的机会)”可知，很多人认为MBTI的“类型”限制了他们的职业或生活选择。F选项“此外，许多人认为他们的“类型”限制了他们的职业或生活选择。”中believe their “type” restricts与下文think that an “introvert” would not be a good leader相呼应，符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Finally, one of the most important lessons we can learn from the MBTI is that we are not defined by one test or label. The test results should be seen as a guide, not a limitation. By focusing on our strengths and embracing the full complexity of our personalities, we can lead richer and more fulfilling lives. (最后，我们可以从MBTI中学到的最重要的教训之一是，我们不被一个测试或标签所定义。测试结果应该被视为一个指导，而不是一个限制。通过关注我们的优势并接受我们个性的全部复杂性，我们可以过上更丰富、更充实的生活)”可知，我们不应该被标签所定义。A选项“我们都不仅仅是我们所得到的标签。”中more than the labels与上文not defined by one test or label相呼应，符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题11分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I ____21____ the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to ____22____ a few dollars More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t excited enough about free credits, news about our ____23____ was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which ____24____ I would be learning from one of the game’s best. I could hardly wait to meet him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this ____25____ was no game for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it ____26____ that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to ____27____ the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to ____28____ what we would learn in class to our future professions and, eventually, to our lives. I managed to get an A in that courses and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the ____29____.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he ____30____ me: “The absolute most important ____31____ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good ____32____. On every single move you have to ____33____ a situation, process what your opponent is doing and ____34____ the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my ____35____ as a journalist.
21. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
22. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
23. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor
24. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
25. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job
26 A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible
27. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe
28. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare
29. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation
30. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised
31. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill
32. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments
33. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control
34. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate
35. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在城市学院读二年级时发现免费的“国际象棋思维”课程，欣然接受了这个机会，跟着国际象棋大师莫里斯·阿什利学习下棋。在课程中，阿什利强调了学分的重要性，并要求学生写一篇论文来展示他们如何将所学应用到未来的职业和生活中。作者努力学习，从中受益匪浅，十年后回顾起来，作者仍然感激阿什利教给他的“下棋”技巧。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我欣然接受了上这门课的这个想法，因为毕竟，谁不想省下几美元呢？A. put forward提出；B. jumped at欣然接受；C. tried out尝试；D. turned down拒绝。根据后文“because, after all, who doesn’t want to 2 a few dollars ”可知，作者想省钱，所以欣然接受这个想法。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我欣然接受了上这门课的这个想法，因为毕竟，谁不想省下几美元呢？A. waste浪费；B. earn赚得；C. save节省；D. pay支付。根据上文“the education department was offering a “free” course”可知，课程免费，所以可以省钱。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且，即使我对免费学分不够兴奋，关于我们导师的消息也足够吸引我了。A. title标题；B. competitor竞争者；C. textbook教科书；D. instructor导师。根据后文“He was an international grandmaster”可知，此处指关于导师的消息。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是一位国际象棋大师，这意味着我将向这项运动中最优秀的人之一学习。A. urged催促；B. demanded要求；C. held举行；D. meant意味着。根据后文“I would be learning from one of the game’s best”可知，导师是国际象棋大师，这意味着作者将向这项运动中最优秀的人之一学习。故选D。
25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：莫里斯·阿什利善良而聪明，他是一位从该校毕业又回来任教的毕业生，对他来说，这份工作可不是儿戏：他是认真的。A. chance机会；B. qualification资格；C. honor荣誉；D. job工作。根据上文“a former graduate returning to teach”可知，莫里斯·阿什利善良回来任教，所以这是一份工作。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的介绍中，他明确表示我们的学分是来之不易的。A. real真实的；B. perfect完美的；C. clear清楚的；D. possible可能的。根据后文“our credits would be hard-earned”可知，他明确表示学分来之不易。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了通过这门课，除了其他标准外，我们还必须写一篇论文，说明我们计划如何将我们在课堂上所学的东西应用到我们未来的职业中，并最终应用到我们的生活中。A. attend参加；B. pass通过；C. skip跳过；D. observe观察。根据后文“the class”以及“I managed to get an A in that courses”可知，此处指为了通过这门课。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了通过这门课，除了其他标准外，我们还必须写一篇论文，说明我们计划如何将我们在课堂上所学的东西应用到我们未来的职业中，并最终应用到我们的生活中。A. add增加；B. expose暴露；C. apply应用；D. compare比较。根据后文“what we would learn in class to our future professions and, eventually, to our lives”可知，此处指将课堂上所学的东西应用到未来的职业中。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那门课上得了A，并学到了超越课堂的人生经验。A. criterion标准；B. classroom教室；C. department部门；D. situation情况。根据上文“I managed to get an A in that courses and learned life lessons”可知，作者在课上得了A，学到了超越课堂的人生经验。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在和阿什利上完国际象棋课十年后，我仍然在运用他教给我的东西：“当你下棋时，你学到的绝对最重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。每走一步，你都必须分析形势，处理对手在做什么，并从你所有的选择中评估出最好的一步。”A. taught教授；B. wrote写；C. questioned质疑；D. promised承诺。根据后文“The absolute most important ____11____ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good ____12____”可知，此处指阿什利教给作者的东西。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在和阿什利上完国际象棋课十年后，我仍然在运用他教给我的东西：“当你下棋时，你学到的绝对最重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。每走一步，你都必须分析形势，处理对手在做什么，并从你所有的选择中评估出最好的一步。”A. fact事实；B. step步骤；C. manner方式；D. skill技能。根据后文“On every single move you have to ____13____ a situation, process what your opponent is doing and ____14____ the best move from among all your options.”可知，此处指下棋时学到的最重要的技能。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在和阿什利上完国际象棋课十年后，我仍然在运用他教给我的东西：“当你下棋时，你学到的绝对最重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。每走一步，你都必须分析形势，处理对手在做什么，并从你所有的选择中评估出最好的一步。”A. grades等级；B. decisions决定；C. impressions印象；D. comments评论。根据后文“the best move from among all your options”可知，下棋时需要对下一步棋如何行动做出决定。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在和阿什利上完国际象棋课十年后，我仍然在运用他教给我的东西：“当你下棋时，你学到的绝对最重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。每走一步，你都必须分析形势，处理对手在做什么，并从你所有的选择中评估出最好的一步。”A. analyze分析；B. describe描述；C. rebuild重建；D. control控制。根据后文“a situation”可知，下棋时需要“分析”局势。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在和阿什利上完国际象棋课十年后，我仍然在运用他教给我的东西：“当你下棋时，你学到的绝对最重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。每走一步，你都必须分析形势，处理对手在做什么，并从你所有的选择中评估出最好的一步。”A. announce宣布；B. signal发信号；C. block阻塞；D. evaluate评估。根据后文“the best move from among all your options”可知，此处指从所有的选择中评估出最好的一步。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名记者，这些话在今天仍然适用。A. role角色；B. desire欲望；C. concern关心；D. behavior行为。根据后文“as a journalist”可知，此处指作为一名记者的角色。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ____36____ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ____37____ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,____38____ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over____39____ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines ____40____ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been____41____ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ____42____every day.
Later, engineers ____43____ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ____44____ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most _____45_____ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
【答案】36. crowds
37. from 38. laying
39. the 40. were used
41. fairly 42. it
43. managed
44. introduction
45. successful
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。
【36题详解】
考查名词。crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语。to and from来回，故填from。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式作宾语，故填laying。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。top是名词，前要用冠词，特指“在（道路的）顶上”。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。根据句意：蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物，主语Steam engines与谓语动词use是被动关系，主语是复数，根据语境用一般过去时，故填were used.
【41题详解】
考查副词。这里fair是形容词，pleasant也是形容词，所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词，故填fairly。
【42题详解】
考查代词。这里用it指代前句的railway，故填it。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。
【44题详解】
考查名词。空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。空格前是most，其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。
第四部分 写作（满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，为了弘扬中华民族的传统美德，你校将以“Morals and Virtues”为主题举办英文演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 你对中华传统美德的理解；
2. 你的期望。
注意：
写作词数应为80个左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear friends,
Morals and virtues are the very soul of Chinese culture, embodying the wisdom and spirit of our ancestors.
Kindness encourages us to reach out and help others selflessly, while perseverance instills in us the courage to overcome challenges without giving up. These virtues not only build our individual characters but also play a crucial role in the prosperity and development of our country. I firmly believe that if each one of us makes a conscious effort to practice these traditional virtues, our society will be bathed in warmth and filled with positive energy.
We should start from the little things around us, spreading love and respect wherever we go. Only in this way, can we build a world where everyone lives in harmony.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份撰写一篇以“Morals and Virtues”为主题的英语演讲稿，内容需包括对中华传统美德的理解和表达个人期望。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
体现：embody → represent
勇气：courage → bravery
至关重要的：crucial → vital
克服：overcome → get over
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Morals and virtues are the very soul of Chinese culture, embodying the wisdom and spirit of our ancestors.
拓展句：Morals and virtues are the very soul of Chinese culture, which embody the wisdom and spirit of our ancestors.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I firmly believe that if each one of us makes a conscious effort to practice these traditional virtues, our society will be bathed in warmth and filled with positive energy. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】Only in this way, can we build a world where everyone lives in harmony. (运用了“Only + 状语”位于句首时的部分倒装和where引导的定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Police Outpost Lake is as far south as you can go in Canada. In fact, next to the lake are the protected wetlands, where songbirds, ducks, and Canada geese glided by on the breeze, touching down briefly on the water’s surface before flapping (振翅) their way back up into the sky.
Standing at the lake’s edge, my cousin, Allan, and I cast our fishing lines separately onto the smooth-as-glass water. Down the shoreline was Allan’s father, my uncle Rick. He liked to fish alone, away from distractions, noise, and other people.
Allan shouted, “Dad, where should I stand ”
Uncle Rick pressed his finger to his lips, pointed to a shady spot by a large rock where he had cast his line and shook his head gently.
“He wants us to be quiet or else we won’t catch any fish.” I whispered.
“Why do I have to be so quiet ” asked Allan. “All those birds are making more noise than I ever could!”
I ignored him, pulling back on my rod gently and squinting into the glare of the sun. Out of the corner of my eye, I caught a glimpse of a few great northern loons (潜鸟) gathering together not far from the shoreline. What were they doing there Loons usually travel alone, but here were five of them in a cluster. Maybe it was a family Just then one loon, making a loud painful cry, swam away from the group, toward me.
“Allan! Come here. Now!”
Allan laid his fishing rod down on the dirty sand, darting toward me.
“Come here. Take a look at that loon. It’s swimming toward us, not far away from us. It’s trying to get our attention.”
The loon finally stopped in the shallow water near shore, not ten feet away from us. It was so close that we could see its round red eyes. Strangely, the bird’s wings were held tight against its body.
Wading into the water and getting closer to the loon, we both saw a fishing line wrapped tightly around its neck and a shiny red hook (鱼钩) in its body. Left like this, the loon couldn’t fly or fish or survive. It was asking us to help!
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Go fetch the scissors from the fishing box,” I urged Allan.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I set down the loon on the water, it joyfully flapped its wings.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version
“Go fetch the scissors from the fishing box,” I urged Allan. He immediately sprang into action, dashing to the shore and returning with a small pair of scissors. Taking a deep breath, I closed my eyes for a moment to steady myself. With caution, I bent down and picked up the loon. It was astonishing that the bird remained silent and still, as if it thoroughly believed we had come to its rescue. Inspired by my courage, Allan stepped forward to cut the line around the loon’s neck with the scissors, and then carefully removed the hook from its flesh. With the task completed, we breathed a sigh of relief.
As I placed the loon back in the water, it joyfully flapped its wings. Fixing its gaze on us, it rose up and forcefully struck its wings against the lake’s surface. It was reluctant to fly away immediately as if expressing its gratitude to us. Both Allan and I were deeply touched by its display. On the shore, Uncle Rick, who had been watching the entire time, said, “Boys, I’m incredibly proud of you both for your love and concern for the birds.” Collaborating to help and keep that loon alive was undoubtedly the most remarkable thing we had ever done. Bathed in golden sunlight, the lake shimmered charmingly, with birds flying freely above the water’s surface – a sight that would be forever engraved in our minds.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和表弟Allan，叔叔Rick一起钓鱼，发现有一只潜鸟发出痛苦的叫声并朝他们走来，在最后离作者他们不到十英尺远的地方停了下来，但我们走近后发现一根鱼线紧紧地缠在它的脖子上，它身上有一个闪亮的红钩。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““去把剪刀从钓鱼箱里拿来。”我催促Allan。”可知，第一段可描写作者和表弟帮助潜鸟剪断鱼线的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“当我把潜鸟放回水中时，它高兴地拍打着翅膀。”可知，第二段可描写潜鸟拍打水面对作者和表弟表示感谢，作者和表弟得到叔叔Rick的赞扬。
2.续写线索：去取剪刀——弯腰捡鸟——Allan剪断鱼线——任务完成——潜鸟拍打水面表示感谢——感动——叔叔表扬——铭记
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.返回：return/backing out
②.深呼吸：take a deep breath/breathe deeply
③.完成：complete/finish/accomplish
情绪类
①.谨慎地：carefully / with caution / discreetly
②.令人惊讶的：astonishing /surprising/to one’s astonishment
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. It was astonishing that the bird remained silent and still, as if it thoroughly believed we had come to its rescue.（由连接词that连接的主语从句，it为形式主语和as if引导的方式状语从句）
[高分句型2]. On the shore, Uncle Rick, who had been watching the entire time, said, “Boys, I’m incredibly proud of you both for your love and concern for the birds.”（由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Bathed in golden sunlight, the lake shimmered charmingly, with birds flying freely above the water’s surface – a sight that would be forever engraved in our minds.（that引导的限制性定语从句）

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