资源简介

UNIT 1　The mass media
阅读理解
A
　　Noted for his profound description of life along the Chinese railway， Wang Fuchun passed away on 13 March 2021 at the age of 79.His engaging photographs capture the substance of China’s ever-changing landscape.
　　Being artistic and good at painting and calligraphy， Wang found that photography bridged the two worlds： he could make art with his camera and increasingly he felt that his goal was not art， but life.
　　In the late 1970s， when he started taking his photographs， everyone on a railway platform looked reserved and orderly.By the late 1980s， a great rush to the cities had begun on the trains.He recorded young migrant workers shedding their shirts， running with sweat， seeking coolness on top of the seats.He did not ask anyone’s permission to take them， and he preferred to act secretly， like a thief in a way， as it captured the authentic （真实的） moments of people’s lives — and so mirrored all the more clearly how China was changing.
　　His project was all-consuming.Over 40 years he estimated he had ridden on 1，000 trains and covered more than 100，000 kilometers， on every line in China.Each trip was neatly noted down in a notebook； he took about 200，000 pictures， and logged each by its place.From those pictures， he felt the migrants’ poverty too keenly， and he preferred to capture the hope that pushed people on to trains.
　　China was rushing to the modern world.Steam was fading； the green-skinned trains acquired fans and air-conditioning.Then came express trains， then high-speed rail.The aisles were clear， the windows sealed.However， in the reclining seats （躺椅座位）， everyone reclined.In the ordinary seats， everyone’s noses were buried in their tablets and their phones.
　　He liked the message of hope； he was proud of what China had achieved.But how sad， he also thought that on that dashing train there was no mess， no collision of life and no good subjects for him， and that Chinese people should once again look so orderly， reserved and unconcerned about each other， even on a train.
1.How did Wang Fuchun reveal the changes in China with his camera？（　　）
A.By creating art works on railway platforms.
B.By documenting migrant workers’ daily lives.
C.By recording the transformation of life on the train.
D.By capturing a great rush to cities along the railway.
2.Why did Wang Fuchun prefer to take photographs secretly？（　　）
A.To perform his duty.　 B.To reflect reality better.
C.To avoid disturbing people.　 D.To satisfy his curiosity.
3.What did Wang Fuchun find about the passengers on the modern train？（　　）
A.They only focused on themselves.　 B.They were quite messy and disorganized.
C.They were interested in the reclining seats.　 D.They were engaged in lively conversations.
4.Which of the following words can best describe Wang Fuchun？（　　）
A.Friendly and considerate.　 B.Devoted and observant.
C.Talented and humorous.　 D.Optimistic and generous.
B
　　（2025·扬州模拟）Nowadays， people are increasingly interacting with others in social media environments where algorithms control the flow of social information they see.People’s interactions with online algorithms may affect how they learn from others， with negative consequences including social misperceptions， conflict and the spread of misinformation.
　　On social media platforms， algorithms are mainly designed to amplify （放大） information that sustains engagement， meaning they keep people clicking on content and coming back to the platforms.There is evidence suggesting that a side effect of this design is that algorithms amplify information people are strongly biased （偏向的） to learn from.We call this information “PRIME”， for prestigious， in-group， moral and emotional information.
　　In our evolutionary past， biases to learn from PRIME information were very advantageous： Learning from prestigious individuals is efficient because these people are successful and their behavior can be copied.Paying attention to people who violate moral norms is important because punishing them helps the community maintain cooperation.But what happens when PRIME information becomes amplified by algorithms and some people exploit （利用） algorithm amplification to promote themselves？ Prestige becomes a poor signal of success because people can fake prestige on social media.News become filled with negative and moral information so that there is conflict rather than cooperation.
　　The interaction of human psychology and algorithm amplification leads to disfunction because social learning supports cooperation and problem-solving， but social media algorithms are designed to increase engagement.We call it functional mismatch.One of the key outcomes of functional mismatch is that people start to form incorrect perceptions of their social world， which often occurs in the field of politics.Recent research suggests that when algorithms selectively amplify more extreme political views， people begin to think that their political in-group and out-group are more sharply divided than they really are.Such “false polarization” might be an important source of greater political conflict.
　　So what’s next？ A key question is what can be done to make algorithms facilitate accurate human social learning rather than exploit social learning biases.Some research team is working on new algorithm designs that increase engagement while also punishing PRIME information.This may maintain user activity that social media platforms seek， but also make people’s social perceptions more accurate.
5.What are social media algorithms targeted at？（　　）
A.Improving social environment.　 B.Generating PRIME information.
C.Avoiding side effects of social media.　 D.Raising the media platform click rate.
6.Why does the author refer to “false polarization” in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.To make an assumption.　 B.To illustrate a conclusion.
C.To explain a political issue.　 D.To present an extreme case.
7.According to the author， algorithms will be improved so as to 　　　　.（　　）
A.boost engagement and regulate amplification　 B.strengthen social learning and delete biases
C.identify biases and punish PRIME information　 D.monitor media platforms and guarantee users’ privacy
8.What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.PRIME Information Meets with Misperceptions B.Algorithms Control the Flow of Social Information
C.Social Media Algorithms Twist Human Social Learning D.Online Algorithm Designs Face Unexpected Challenges
UNIT 1　The mass media
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了人物王福春，他以深度描写中国铁路沿线生活而闻名，他用引人入胜的照片捕捉了中国不断变化的景观的本质。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，王福春是通过记录火车上人们生活的变化来展示中国的变化的。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，王福春喜欢偷偷拍照的原因是为了更好地反映现实。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第五段最后三句可知，在现代飞速奔驰的列车上，人们只关注自己。
4.B　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，四十年里，王福春乘坐过1 000多次列车， 走过了10万公里的路程， 拍摄了大约20万张照片。由此可推知，他是一个热衷的、专注一件事的人。再结合最后两段内容，从火车的变化以及火车上人们生活的变化可知，作者感受到了中国的变化。由此可推知，他又是一个善于观察的人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体的算法影响了人类的社交，一些人利用算法放大来推销自己，新闻充斥着负面和道德信息，因此存在冲突而不是合作。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的On social media platforms， algorithms are mainly ...coming back to the platforms.可知，社交媒体算法的目标是提高媒体平台点击率。
6.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的One of the key outcomes ...might be an important source of greater political conflict.可推知，作者提到“虚假极化”是为了说明结论。
7.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Some research team is working ...make people’s social perceptions more accurate.可知，算法将得到改进，以提高参与度和调节放大。
8.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了社交媒体的算法影响了人类的社交，一些人利用算法放大来推销自己，新闻充斥着负面和道德信息，因此存在冲突而不是合作。因此，C项（社交媒体算法扭曲了人类的社交学习）为文章最佳标题。
2 / 2Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　 Some unexpected conflicts may come about when you have many things to deal with.You should be committed to doing the more important things first. 　　　　， when you are up to something， the more absorbed you are in doing it， the fewer mistakes you will make.Don’t accuse yourself of committing a few mistakes.You should persuade yourself to move ahead with your set goals. 微技能热身 1.句①是主从复合句，when引导　　　　　　从句，从句中的to deal with作　　　　　　。 2.②处应选　　　　。 A.However　B.Besides C.Nevertheless
committed adj.尽心尽力的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Borrowers should think carefully before committing 　　　　　　to taking out a loan.
②As a journalist， you need to keep up with the current affairs and be 　　　　　　（commit） to writing.
③The new graduate kept his 　　　　　　（commit） and returned back to his hometown to teach us.
【写美】 句式升级
④As she was committed to the project，she seldom played with her children.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，she seldom played with her children.（形容词短语作状语）
【归纳】
（1）be committed to （doing） sth　承诺/致力于/全身心地投入（做）某事
（2）commit vt.& vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证
commit an error/a crime/suicide 做错事/犯罪/自杀
commit oneself to （doing） sth 专心致志于/承诺/保证（做）某事
（3）commitment n.献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费
make a commitment　作出承诺
【佳句】 If admitted as a volunteer， I will commit myself to serving English Festival with all my heart.（申请信）
如果能被录用为志愿者，我承诺会全身心地为英语文化节做好服务。
absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The novel written by Lu Xun was so 　　　　　　（absorb） that I read on without a break.
②The English-speaking community does not hesitate about absorbing foreign words 　　　　　　its daily vocabulary.
【写美】 句式升级
③These children were absorbed in their game and didn’t even notice their teacher come in.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， these children didn’t even notice their teacher come in.（形容词短语作状语）
【归纳】
（1）absorb ...into ... 把……吸收到/并入……
（2）absorbed adj.　　精力集中的
be absorbed in＝absorb oneself in 专心致志于；全神贯注于
（3）absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的；引人入胜的
【佳句】 He lay down there， looked up at the sky， and soon absorbed himself in thinking. （人物描写）
他躺在那里，看着天空，很快陷入了沉思。
【联想】 be absorbed in的同义短语有：be lost in、 be buried in、 be occupied with等。
persuade vt.说服；使信服
【练通】 单句语法填空
①While shopping， people sometimes can’t help being persuaded into 　　　　　　（buy） something they don’t really need.
②The children did everything they could to persuade the family 　　　the plan’s benefits.
【写美】 句型转换
③We persuaded him out of lending his money to that untrustworthy man.
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　his money to that untrustworthy man.
【归纳】
（1）说服某人做某事
（2）说服某人不做某事
（3）persuade sb of sth　　使某人相信某事
（4）try to persuade sb to do sth
＝advise sb to do sth
试图说服某人做某事（但未必说服成功）
【佳句】 Not having persuaded Helen to change her mind， Lily was very disappointed.
没有说服海伦改变想法，莉莉很失望。
come about 发生
【练通】 用come的相关短语填空
①If you 　　　　　　faults but you still want it， you can ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
②At the meeting， the young doctor 　　　　　　a great idea for treating the rare disease.
【写美】 完成句子
③（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）We all know fresh is best 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们都知道，在食物方面，新鲜的是最好的。
【归纳】
come up　　　 走近；上来；发生；被提及
come across 邂逅；偶遇；碰见；发现
come up with 提出；想出；赶上
come out 开花；出来；出版
when it comes to ... 当谈到……
【佳句】 How did this accident come about？
这起事故是怎么发生的？
【点津】 come about是不及物动词短语，不可用于被动语态，一般用物作主语。
the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...
The more we like the brand ambassador， the more we will be attracted to buy the product.
我们越喜欢品牌大使，我们就越会被吸引去购买产品。
【写美】 完成句子
①　　　　　　 you stay in Chongqing， 　　　　　　you will like it.
你在重庆待的时间越长，你就会越喜欢这座城市。
②The more confident we were， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们越自信，就越有可能成功。
③　　　　　　　　　， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in English.
你练习得越多，你用英语写作就越熟练。
【归纳】
（1）“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
（2）从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句；第二个“the＋比较级...”是主句。
【佳句】 As far as I’m concerned， the more you take part in after-class activities， the sooner you will adapt to the new environment.
在我看来，你参加的课外活动越多，你就能越快适应新环境。
【点津】 本结构还可以用于省略形式。
　　 Our country witnessed the Shenzhou-17 spacecraft launching on 26 October 2023 and all the Chinese people cheered up.It was also the fifth time that we had sent a manned mission during the space station stage successfully.And as the new facts in space are brought to light， we proudly have drawn a conclusion that we have won great achievements in space exploration. 微技能热身 1.把句①改写为独立主格结构作状语的形式： 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.②处that引导名词性从句，作conclusion的　　　　　　语。
bring sth to light 揭露，披露
【练通】 用bring的相关短语填空
①Every time I hear that song， it 　　　　　　　　many pleasant memories.
②The dance style of the Dai people comes from their traditional belief and aims to 　　　　　　　　the Dai women’s beauty.
【写美】 完成句子
③If the accused concealed the fact， the counsel would 　　　　　　　　.
如果被告掩盖事实真相，律师就会把它揭发出来。
【归纳】
bring about　　　引起，导致
bring back 带回；使想起；恢复
bring up 培养，抚养，养育；教育；提出；呕吐
bring in 引入；赚（钱）
bring out 使显出；阐明
bring down 降低，减少
【佳句】 The research project brought to light some previously unknown historical facts.
这个研究项目使一些先前不为人知的历史事实被揭示了出来。
conclusion n.结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成
【练通】 单句语法填空
①　　　　 conclusion， I believe that you can benefit a lot from the music concert.
②When the group discussion is nearing its end， make sure to conclude it 　　　　important points.
【写美】 同义句转换
③I concluded from my own experiences that where there is a will， there is a way.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that where there is a will， there is a way.（conclusion）
【归纳】
（1）come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion　得出结论
in conclusion 总而言之
（2）conclude vt.& vi. 结束；推断出
conclude 从……中推断出……
conclude sth 以……结束……
【佳句】 In conclusion/To conclude， good interpersonal skills are a must for our future life.
总之，良好的人际交往能力对我们未来的生活是必需的。
It/This is/was the first/second/...time （that） ...
Though it was the first time many of the students had taken part in a volunteer programme like this， they were eager to share various interesting topics with the residents， such as how to use mobile phones and go online on the computer. 虽然这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者活动，但他们渴望与居民分享各种有趣的话题，比如如何使用手机和通过电脑上网。
【写美】 完成句子/一句多译
①This is the second time that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the sports meeting.
这是我第二次被选中在运动会上做一名志愿者。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 something like that.
这是她第一次经历那样的事。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to stop environmental pollution. （倡议书）
该是我们采取有效措施来防止环境污染的时候了。
【归纳】
（1）It/This is/was the＋序数词＋time （that） ...“这是第……次……”，从句用完成时态。
（2）It is/was （high/about） time （that） ...“该是……的时候了”，从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”， should不可以省略。
（3）It’s time （for sb） to do sth“到（某人）做某事的时候了”。
【佳句】 It is the first time that I have enjoyed the beautiful scenery of snowy mountains.I am overjoyed.（心理描写）
这是我第一次领略到这种雪积如山的美景，我欣喜若狂。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.trap
A.n.陷阱；圈套　　　B.vt.使困住，使落入困境 C.vt.使……陷入圈套 D.vt.捕捉
（1）（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）After studying agriculture， medicine， and fisheries in college， John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria （细菌）？　　　　　
（2）（2025·宿迁二模）Insects are not attracted to light from far away， but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source. 　　　　　
（3）（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them，and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.　　　　　
（4）（人教选必三）Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere， such as methane and carbon dioxide， trap some of the heat，keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable.　　　　　
2.absorb
A.v.吸收　 B.v.理解，掌握 C.v.吸引，使专心 D.v.吞并
（1）The storybook has absorbed him for several years. 　　　　　
（2）Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air. 　　　　　
（3）Beyond the fun， kids are absorbing lessons in logic， pattern recognition， and critical thinking. 　　　　　
（4）Most small shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis. 　　　　　
3.词义猜测
（1）We are glad to hear that the famous singer will release his new album next month.　　　　　
（2）Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions. 　　　　　
（3）（2023·1月浙江卷）All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn. 　　　　　
（4）It takes the bark of three whole trees to make enough of the drug to treat a single patient. 　　　　　
（5）In spring，the forest floor was carpeted with wild flowers. 　　　　　
（6）Quarrelling with his wife， Mark mounted his horse and rode away. 　　　　　
（7）The council has committed large amounts of money to housing projects. 　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）This 　　　　　　（absorb） new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution （变革）.
2.（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating 　　　　　（difference），” Jaramillo says.
3.（人教选必一）Tu Youyou， a 　　　　　　（commit） and patient scientist， was born in Ningbo， China， on 30 December 1930， and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
4.I opened the paper bag with 　　　　　　（curious） and lying on top of the food was my $20 bill.
5.Many tourism officials are using techniques to promote cultural tourism， leaving netizens screaming in 　　　　　　（amuse）.
6.“I thought it was an amazing way to raise awareness of ALS and raise funds，” recalls Manju Kalanidhi， a 　　　　　　（journal） in Hyderabad， India.
7.Guizhou is a good place to experience authentic 　　　　　　（minor） cultures in China.
8.The problem of phone addiction has been observed since a few years ago， with experts and 　　　　　　（psychology） trying to increase awareness about this problem.
9.They are almost 　　　　　　（automatic） associated with Disney because Disney turned old fables into cartoon movies.
10.（2022·全国甲卷）From seeing the wildlife to 　　　　　　（witness） sunrises， the whole experience was amazing.
11.When we 　　　　　　　　（absorb） in an activity， even minor distractions can have a huge effect.
12.When the thief was caught， the police trapped him into 　　　　　　（tell） the truth.
13.（外研选必四）The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people 　　　　　　（work） for me， which was totally outside my experience.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.New restaurants 　　　　　　　　　　　（迅速出现） all over the city.
2.　　　　　　　　　　 （就健康而言）， we should have a balanced diet.
3.The patient is 　　　　　　　　　　　　（处于危急关头） and needs immediate surgery.
4.Saving lives should be 　　　　　　　　　（当务之急） during disasters.
5.They analyzed the problem 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（从相同的角度）.
6.After careful research and data analysis， we can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（得出一个更可靠的结论）.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
电子邮件——参加网络短视频大赛
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.这是你第一次参加“魅力中国”短视频大赛，我想和你分享一些我的想法。（This is the first time that ...）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.你可以制作一个关于首钢滑雪大跳台的视频，其真实场景可以满足许多观众的好奇心。（factual；curiosity）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.你可以体验到全自动无人驾驶车辆，它用于运送游客、销售和配送货物以及进行安全巡逻。（automatic；非限制性定语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.你可以通过拍摄车辆快速准确地到达用户和目的地使你的短视频更加精彩。（brighten up）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.我相信你的作品一定会吸引观众的注意力并获奖！（absorb）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 人物描写：journalist； curiosity； citizen； committed
动作描写：scream； bark； witness； broadcast
美句 ①Fire engines and ambulances，called at 9：30 p.m.， reached the scene within 15 minutes.By this time， the fire had extended to the 15th floor.Firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m.（场景描写） ②I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking.I looked outside and the smoke was choking me.It was like an awful dream. （动作＋场景描写）
动作描写之“跳、爬、站”
词汇 美句
单词 ①jump v.& n.跳，跃 ②hop v.& n.单脚跳 ③skip v.& n.跳（通常指轻快地跳） ④crawl v.爬行 ⑤creep v.爬行（通常指缓慢、悄悄地爬） ⑥leap v.& n.跳跃（通常指较大的跳跃） ⑦bounce v.弹起，反弹 ⑧spring v. & n.跳跃（有弹簧般的动作） ⑨climb v.攀登，爬 ⑩clamber v.（手脚并用）艰难地爬 stand v.站立 ①He was about to jump into the water when the truck driver suddenly came to himself and rushed to the railing. 正当他准备跳进水里时，卡车司机突然回过神来，冲向栏杆。 （动作＋场景描写） ②Though several soldiers fell into the fast-flowing river， the others crawled along the wood boards they had laid until they finally took control of the east bank. 尽管有几名士兵掉进了湍急的河流中，但其余的士兵沿着他们铺设的木板爬行，直到最终控制了东岸。 （动作＋场景描写）
词块 ①jump to one’s feet跳起来 ②rise to one’s feet站起来 ③go hiking去远足 ④climb a mountain/hill/tree/wall爬山/树/墙 ⑤race wildly 狂跳
情境导语 伴随着愤怒的吼叫，这只熊跑到湖边清洗眼睛。几分钟之后它又回来了……
第一步　完成句子
1.几分钟后，这只熊回到了我们的营地。
A few minutes later， the bear 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.我的心狂跳不已，不知道该怎么办。
　　　　　　　　　　　　， not knowing what to do.（心理活动）
3.就在这时，直升机来了。“谢天谢地，我们得救了！”
At that very moment， the helicopter arrived.“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　”（语言描写）
4.当我们在空中的直升机上安全时，我惊讶地发现这只熊最终跳过围栏，拆掉了我们的帐篷。
When we were safe on the helicopter up in the air， I was amazed to spot 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（动作描写；宾语从句）
5.我快速拿出相机，拍下这罕见的一幕——我们被一只北极熊抢劫了！
I quickly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　— we were robbed by a polar bear！（动作描写）
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　（2023·全国乙卷）What comes into your mind when you think of British food？ Probably fish and chips， or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting？ Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine， it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts， 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients （配料） than they used to， and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills， and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession （痴迷） with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV， it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
28.What do people usually think of British food？（　　）
A.It is simple and plain. B.It is rich in nutrition.
C.It lacks authentic tastes. D.It deserves a high reputation.
29.Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV？（　　）
A.Authoritative.　　 B.Creative.
C.Profitable. D.Influential.
30.Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now？（　　）
A.20%.　B.24%. C.25%.　D.33%.
31.What might the author continue talking about？（　　）
A.The art of cooking in other countries.
B.Male chefs on TV programmes.
C.Table manners in the UK.
D.Studies of big eaters.
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1.cuisine n.　　烹饪（法），菜肴
2.top class adj. 顶级的，第一流的
3.decline v. 减少，下降
4.analyst n. 分析者
5.schedule v. 安排；将……列入（进度表）
6.documentary n. 纪实节目，纪录片
7.broadcast v. 广播，播送
8.influential adj. 有影响力的
9.Briton n. 英国人（课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积主题词块
1.come into one’s mind 　　　浮现在/进入某人的脑海
2.have a reputation for 以……而闻名
3.table manners 餐桌礼仪
4.big eaters 食量大的人
5.meat and two vegetables 一荤两素
6.a traditional diet 传统饮食
7.food courses 美食课程
8.cookery programmes 烹饪节目
9.cookery knowledge 烹饪知识
10.male chefs 男性厨师
11.television scheduling 电视节目安排
12.documentaries about food 美食纪录片
（三）由文本知变式运用
1.学习构词（派生词/合成词）
（1）adventurous adj.有冒险精神的，大胆开拓的[adventure （n.）＋后缀-ous]
（2）impressive adj.给人深刻印象的 [impress （v.）＋后缀-ive]
（3）profitable adj. 赢利的，有好处的 [profit （n.）＋后缀-able]
（4）cookery n.烹饪（术），烹调 [cooker （n.）＋后缀-y]
（5）ready-made adj.预先准备好的，现成的[ready （adv.）＋made （p.p.）]
2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）often＝　　　　　　（第一段）
（2）show no interest in＝　　　　　　　　（第二段）
3.熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）authentic [熟义] adj.可靠的，可信的
→[生义] adj.　　　　　　　（第28题）
（2）art [熟义] n.艺术
→[生义] n.　　　　　　　　（第31题）
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （据最近报道） that the number of those 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（坚持传统饮食） is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way.（新闻报道）
2.There has been a rise in the number of students 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（申请上食品课程） at UK universities and colleges.（新闻报道）
3.According to a new study from market analysts，1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（鼓励他们尝试不同的食物）.（新闻报道）
（五）由文本探析长难句
　Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine， it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
分析：本句含有由Even though引导的　　　　　　　　从句。主句中含有两个定语从句，第一个定语从句由关系代词　　　　　　引导，修饰先行词　　　　　　　　；第二个定语从句由关系代词　　　　　　引导，意思相当于 the chefs’。
译文：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 1　The mass media
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.时间状语　后置定语　2.B
1.①themselves　②committed　③commitment
④Committed to the project
2.①absorbing　②into
③Absorbed in/Absorbing themselves in their game
3.①buying　②of　③persuaded him not to lend
4.①come across　②came up with
③when it comes to food
5.①The longer； the more　②the more likely we were to succeed　③The more you practise； the more skillfully you can write
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.Our country witnessed the Shenzhou-17 spacecraft launching on 26 October 2023， all the Chinese people cheering up.　2.同位
6.①brings back　②bring out　③bring it to light
7.①In　②with　③I drew/came to/arrived at/reached a conclusion from my own experiences
8.①I have been chosen to be a volunteer　②It was the first time that she had experienced　③It is high time that we took/should take effective measures
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）D　（2）C　（3）A　（4）B
2.（1）C　（2）A　（3）B　（4）D
3.（1）v.发行，发布　（2）n.方式，方法，手段　（3） vt.专门定制/定做　（4）n.树皮　（5）vt.厚厚地铺上　（6）vt.骑上
（7）vt.花（钱或时间）
维度二
Ⅰ.1.absorbing　2.differently　3.committed　4.curiosity
5.amusement　6.journalist　7.minority　8.psychologists
9.automatically　10.witnessing　11.are absorbed
12.telling　13.to work
Ⅱ.1.are springing up　2.In terms of health
3.in a critical condition　4.a top priority
5.from the same perspective
6.draw a more informed conclusion
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.This is the first time that you have participated in the “Charming China” short video competition， and I would like to share some of my thoughts with you.
2.You can make a video about the Shougang Big Air Venue， whose factual scene can satisfy the curiosity of many viewers.
3.You can experience fully automatic driverless vehicles， which are used to transport visitors， sell and deliver goods and conduct security patrols.
4.You can brighten up your short video by filming the vehicles that rapidly and accurately reach users and destinations.
5.I’m sure your work will definitely absorb the audience’s attention and win awards！
第二步
　　This is the first time that you have participated in the “Charming China” short video competition， and I would like to share some of my thoughts with you.Firstly， you can make a video about the Shougang Big Air Venue， whose factual scene can satisfy the curiosity of many viewers.There you can experience fully automatic driverless vehicles， which are used to transport visitors， sell and deliver goods and conduct security patrols.Moreover， you can brighten up your short video by filming the vehicles that rapidly and accurately reach users and destinations.In a word， I’m sure your work will definitely absorb the audience’s attention and win awards！
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.headed back to our camp
2.My heart raced wildly
3.Thank goodness， we are saved！
4.that the bear had finally jumped over the fence and torn down our tent
5.took out the camera and photographed the rare scene
第二步
　　A few minutes later， the bear headed back to our camp.My heart raced wildly， not knowing what to do.At that very moment， the helicopter arrived.“Thank goodness， we are saved！” When we were safe on the helicopter up in the air， I was amazed to spot that the bear had finally jumped over the fence and torn down our tent.I quickly took out the camera and photographed the rare scene — we were robbed by a polar bear！
【素养·培育落实】
一、做真题
28.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的But is British food really so uninteresting？ Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine可知，英国的食物通常被认为是简单而平庸的。
29.D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，英国的烹饪类电视节目对观众影响很大，改变了他们对烹饪的看法。
30.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients （配料） than they used to可知，近三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多样化了。
31.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上，男孩喜欢烹饪不再是“不酷”的事了。由此可推断，接下来作者可能会介绍一些电视节目中的男厨师。
三、再利用
（三）2.（1）frequently　（2）turn away from
3.（1）真正的，正宗的　（2）技术，技巧
（四）1.It is recently reported； sticking to a traditional diet
2.applying for food courses
3.has encouraged them to try different food
（五）让步状语　who　top class chefs　whose
尽管英国的烹饪素以平庸著称，但它正在培养更多的顶级厨师，这些厨师经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，他们的烹饪书也经常高居畅销榜之首。
10 / 11(共140张PPT)
UNIT 1　The mass media
高中总复习·英语 (译林版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
素养
培育落实
05
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. priority n.优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点
2. maximum n.最大量，最大限度adj.最高的，最多的
3. discrimination n.辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待
4. drama n.戏剧；戏剧性事件
5. category n.类别，种类
6. nevertheless adv.尽管如此
7. interaction n.互动；互相作用
8. membership n.（统称）会员，会员人数；会员资格
9. chart n.图表；海图；（the charts）排行榜
vt.记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图
10. peak adj.高峰时期的，最高度的
n.顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端
vi.达到高峰，达到最高值
11. channel n.途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠
12. slogan n.标语，口号
13. ambassador n.大使，代表
14. rating n.收视率；等级，级别
教材例句
15. （北师大选必二）Surely， if you’re old enough to earn a wage and
pay taxes， you should be allowed to have a say on how the government
spends them！ n.税，税款
16. （外研选必一）Like Twain， but on the other side of the world，
the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own
unique brand of humour. n.类型
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. release new products 发布新产品
2. an ambulance driver 一名救护车司机
3. be extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean 沿印度洋海岸延伸
4. dozens of people 许多人
5. suffered minor injuries 受了点轻伤
6. take a shower or a bath 淋浴或者泡澡7.hear dogs barking
听到狗在吠叫
8. almost choke to death in the thick fumes几乎被浓烟呛死
9. buy a packet of cigarettes 买包烟
10. a dazzling carpet 一块令人目眩的地毯
11. for instance 例如，比如
12. give false information 提供错误信息
13. a large sum of money 一大笔钱
14. found a club 创办俱乐部
15. accuse him of lying 指责他说谎
16. mount the steps 爬上台阶
17. live broadcast 直播
18. boost tourism and fishing推动旅游业与渔业
19. purchase my product 购买我的产品
20. a memorable slogan 一则令人难忘的广告语
21. elegant teapots 精美的茶壶
22. a sponsor of the Olympics 奥运会的一个赞助商
23. special discounts 特殊折扣
24. a tailor’s shop 一家裁缝店
25. housing estate 住宅区，住宅群
26. teacher’s platform 教师讲台
27. the medical/legal/teaching， etc.profession
医疗、法律、教学等专业
28. the last edition of this newspaper该报的最后一版
29. win a scholarship 获得奖学金
30. law-abiding citizens 遵纪守法的公民
语境记忆
31. trap vt.使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n.陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，
牢笼
①be trapped in the mountain被困在山上
②a fox with its leg in a trap被夹子夹住腿的狐狸
③trap sb （into sth/into doing sth）使某人陷入圈套；使某人中计
32. absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力
①absorb all kinds of resources 吸收各种资源
②absorb new knowledge/information掌握新知识/信息
③be absorbed in watching TV 专心看电视
写作词汇运用
语境记忆
33. scream vi.& vt.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音n.尖叫，尖锐
刺耳的声音
“Let’s cook breakfast for mother！” Jeff cried.The twins screamed
with joy.（情感描写）
“我们给妈妈做早餐吧！”Jeff叫道。这对双胞胎高兴得尖叫起来。
34. persuade vt.说服；使信服
He turned around and looked me in the eye sincerely， trying to persuade
me to keep writing.（动作描写）
他转过身来，真诚地看着我，试着说服我继续写作。
派生词汇识记
1. critical adj.批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→critic n.批评
家；评论家；评论员→critically adv.批判性地→criticism n.批评，指
责→criticize vt.批评，批判
2. extend vi.& vt.延伸（距离）；扩大；延长；伸展→extension n.扩
展；延长→extensive adj.广泛的；广阔的
3. construction n.建筑，建造；建造物→construct vt.建设；修建
4. minor adj.轻微的，次要的→minority n.少数民族；少数→minimum
n.最小值，最少量 adj.最低的，最小的
5. automatic adj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的→automatically adv.
无意识地；自动地
6. investigate vt.& vi.侦查，调查；研究→investigation n.调查；研究
7. contradict vt.相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥→contradictory adj.相互矛
盾的，对立的，不一致的→contradiction n.矛盾
8. politics n.政治，政治事务；（个人的）政治观点，政见→political
adj.政治的；政府的
9. factual adj.事实的，真实的→factually adv.真实地→fact n.事实
10. differ vi.相异；意见相左→different adj.不同的→differently adv.
不同地→difference n.不同之处
11. conclusion n.结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成→conclude
vt.& vi.结束；推断出
12. accurate adj.正确无误的；精确的→accurately adv.精确地；准确
地→accuracy n.准确（性）；精确（程度）
13. journalist n.新闻记者，新闻工作者→journal n.日志；日记；报
纸；刊物→journalism n.新闻业，新闻工作
mitted adj.尽心尽力的→commitment n.献身，投入；承诺，
许诺；花费→commit v.犯（罪）；承诺，忠于（某人）
15. advertising n.广告活动，广告业→advertisement n.广告，启事；
广告活动，广告宣传→advertise vt.& vi.做广告，登广告；公布，征
聘；展现，宣传→advertiser n.广告商
16. psychology n.心理，心理特征；心理学→psychological adj.心理
的；精神上的；心理学的→psychologically adv.心理上地；心理学地
17. place vt.& vi.侦查，调查；研究→placement n.放置；安置
18. amuse vt.（提供）消遣；逗笑→amusement n.娱乐消遣→amusing
adj.有趣的；可笑的→amused adj.感到有趣的
1. dozens of 很多，许多
2. come about 发生
3. for instance 例如，比如
4. bring sth to light 揭露，披露
5. sum up 总结，概括
6. be committed to 致力于
7. mount up （尺寸和数量上）增加，上升
8. spring up 迅速出现，突然兴起
9. get across 被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚
10. break out 爆发
11. brighten up （使）增添乐趣；使更艳丽
12. rely on 依赖；依靠
13. in addition to 除了……之外；另外，加之
14. put out 扑灭；生产
15. take ...as an example 以……为例
16. in terms of ... 谈及，就……而言
17. leave people on the upper floor trapped 把高层的人们困住
18. in a critical condition 处于危急关头
19. a top priority 当务之急，优先事项
1. 句式：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语
原句：The fire， which is thought to have started from the 8th floor，
spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night，leaving people
on the upper floors trapped.周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的，
很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼，把高楼层的人们困在里面。
2. 句式：witness “见证”，拟人修辞手法
原句：The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online
news media.
过去数十年见证了网络新闻媒体的快速发展。
3. 句式：It/This is/was the first/second/ ...time （that） ...
原句：Though it was the first time many of the students had taken part
in a volunteer programme like this， they were eager to share various
interesting topics with the residents ...
虽然这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者项目，但他们很渴望与住
在养老院里的人们分享各种有趣的话题……
　　The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online
news media.Nowadays，online news media enjoys great popularity
among people.Citizens can get access to dozens of news reports released
or broadcast. There are both advantages and disadvantages to it.On the
one hand， people can share news and post their own comments on the
latest news easily， making online interaction more active.On the other
hand，there appears to be some news made by false journalists on news
media，which may have a negative impact on us.
To sum up， the rapid development of online news media is unlikely
to stop.Only with accurate discrimination can everyone be a critical
news reader.
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.priority n.优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点
□2.maximum n.最大量，最大限度
adj.最高的，最多的
□3.discrimination n.辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待
□4.tax n.税，税款 vt.对……征税，使纳税
□5.drama n.戏剧；戏剧性事件
□6.category n.类别，种类
□7.nevertheless adv.尽管如此
□8.interaction n.互动；互相作用
□9.membership n.（统称）会员，会员人数；会员资格
□10.chart n.图表；海图；（the charts）排行榜
vt.记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图
□11.channel n.途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠
□12.slogan n.标语，口号
□13.brand n.品牌；类型；烙印
□14.ambassador n.大使，代表
□15.rating n.收视率；等级，级别
核心单词练通
1. n.救护车
2. n.洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆
3. vi.& vt.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音 n.尖叫，尖锐
刺耳的声音
4. vi.（狗）吠叫vt.厉声发令n.（狗）吠声；短促响亮的人
声；树皮
5. vt.& vi.（使）窒息；（使）哽咽，（尤指感情激动
而）说不出话来
ambulance　
bath
scream
bark　
choke　
6. n.香烟
7. n.例子，事例
8. adj.错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真
诚的
9. n.金额，款项；总和，总数；全部
10. n.公民；市民，居民
11. vi.逐步增加 vt.攀登，爬上 n.山
12. n.行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明
13. n.奖学金；学术
14. n.版本；一份，一期；版次
cigarette　
instance　
false　
sum　
citizen　
mount　
profession　
scholarship　
edition　
15. n.计算机平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台
16. vt.说服；使信服
17. adj.高峰时期的，最高度的 n.顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端
vi.达到高峰，达到最高值
18. vt.使增长，使兴旺 n.增长，提高；帮助，激励
19. vt.买，购买 n.购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目
20. n.茶壶
21. vt.赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助n.赞助商；
为慈善活动捐款的人
platform　
persuade　
peak　
boost　
purchase　
teapot　
sponsor　
23. n.住房，住宅
24. n.住宅区；（通常指农村的）大片私有土地；个人财
产，（尤指）遗产
housing　
estate　
22. vt.专门制作，定做 n.裁缝
tailor　
核心单词练通
单词拼写
1. （2024·1月浙江卷）This unbeatable price point encouraged me to
experiment with （许多） of titles that I would never
normally consider buying.
2. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）You’ll hear these participants’ stories and
learn what strategies worked well for them， and what （陷
阱） they encountered that you should avoid.
3. （外研选必二）More and more customers were being attracted by
chain stores and online （折扣）.
dozens　
traps　
discounts　
4. （人教选必三）The heat is （释放） back into space at
longer wavelengths.
5. （北师大选必二）At the age of 13， he was awarded
a （奖学金） to a boarding school.
6. （外研选必三）At night， the heat （吸收） by the
wall during the day warms the cool air， creating a comfortable
temperature inside.
7. Jack was very upset because he was （控告） by the
police of breaking the traffic rules.
released　
scholarship　
absorbed　
accused　
8. In the 1940s， Qian and several other people （建立）
the Jet Propulsion Laboratory， now one of NASA’s leading space-
exploration centres.
9. All the （市民） here strongly insist those found putting
up “harmful” advertisements in the streets be punished strictly.
10. Olympic sports events are being （播送） on the
radio.Let’s see how many gold medals China has won.
founded　
citizens　
broadcast　
拓展单词用活
记全记牢
1. adj.批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→
n.批评家；评论家；评论员→ adv.批判性地
→ n.批评，指责→ vt.& vi.批评，批判
2. vi.& vt.延伸（距离）；扩大；延长；伸展
→ n.扩展；延长→ adj.广泛的；广阔的
3. adj.轻微的，次要的→ n.少数民族；少数
→ n.最小值，最少量 adj.最低的，最小的
critical　
critic　
critically　
criticism　
criticize　
extend　
extension　
extensive　
minor　
minority　
minimum　
4. adj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的
→ adv.无意识地；自动地
5. vt.相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥→
adj.相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→ n.矛盾
6. vi.相异；意见相左→ adj.不同的；相异的
→ n.差异；不同
7. n.政治，政治事务；（个人的）政治观点，政见
→ adj.政治的
automatic　
automatically　
contradict　
contradictory　
contradiction　
differ　
different　
difference　
politics　
political　
8. n.心理，心理特征；心理学→
adj.心理的；精神上的；心理学的→ adv.心理上
地；心理学地
9. n.放置；安置→ n.地点，场所v.放置
10. adj.事实的，真实的→ adv.真实地→
n.事实
psychology　
psychological　
psychologically　
placement　
place　
factual
factually
fact　
用准用活
1. She the speech by reminding us of our
responsibility.In ， the people present thought highly of
her speech.（conclude）
2. The great bridge under is designed by Chinese
engineers and it will take about a year to the large bridge.
（construct）
3. The old were by the performance， and they
said that they liked this kind of .（amuse）
concluded　
conclusion　
construction　
construct　
amused　
amusing　
amusement　
4. The left me a deep impression， so I had a desire to
purchase the product on TV. （advertise）
5. The child asked ，“Why does the Moon move around
the Earth？” We are to know why she asked such a
question.Perhaps children show about everything.
（curious）
6. Tony is to selling the products， because he has made a
strong to his boss.（commit）
advertisement　
advertised　
curiously　
curious　
curiosity　
committed　
commitment　
7. To get more evidence， the lawyer many
witnesses.After ， he got some useful proof.
（investigate）
8. While making the plan， you should pay more attention to
the .You must measure the length in order to
get the number.（accurate）
investigated　
investigation　
accuracy
accurately　
accurate　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
第一组
1. 　发生
2. 　揭露，披露
3. 　总结，概括
4. 　致力于
5. 　（尺寸和数量上）增加，上升
6. 　迅速出现，突然兴起
7. 　被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚
8. 　爆发
come about　
bring sth to light　
sum up　
be committed to　
mount up　
spring up　
get across　
break out　
第二组
1. 　很多，许多
2. 　例如，比如
3. 　（使）增添乐趣；使更艳丽
4. 　依赖；依靠
5. 　除了……之外；另外，加之
6. 　扑灭；生产
7. 　以……为例
8. 　谈及，就……而言
dozens of　
for instance　
brighten up　
rely on　
in addition to　
put out　
take ...as an example　
in terms of ...　
选用上面短语填空
1. （北师大必修三）To ， it seems that almost all who took
part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
2. （人教选必一）They often change the kind of crop grown in each
field every year. ， they may grow corn or wheat in a
field one year， and then grow beans there the next.
3. A good teacher must the importance of a proper learning
method to the students.
sum up　
For instance　
get across　
4. The difficulty of a problem was defined how long it
took to complete.
5. With the economic development in Shanghai， the hotel
industry .
6. Both artificial and natural light will a room， making
it look bigger.
7. When he was young， he fighting against racial
discrimination.
in terms of　
sprang up　
brighten up　
was committed to　
8. Can you explain how it that she heard our conversation
by accident？
9. her research， she has been whole-heartedly
committed to environmental protection.
10. My host family are big fans of country music， so I can always
them to introduce me to some great songs.
came about　
In addition to　
rely
on　
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：leave＋宾语＋
宾语补足语 教材原句：The fire， which
is thought to have started from the 8th floor， spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night， leaving people on the upper floors trapped. 1.专家们主张我们应该让野生动物待在野外，而不是把它们养在动物园里。
The experts argue that
and not keep them in the zoo.（动物保护）
we should leave
wild animals in the wild　
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：be about to
do ...when ... 教材原句：I was about to
have a bath when I heard
people screaming and dogs
barking. 2.一天，我高高兴兴地回家。我正要看
手表，这时却发现手表不见了。
One day， I went home happily.I
I found
my .
was
about to look at my watch when　
watch gone　
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：the＋比较
级 ...， the＋比较级 ... 教材原句：The more we
like the brand ambassador，
the more we will be attracted
to buy the product. 3.我学得越多，就越明白要学的东西还
很多。
I learn， I
know how much there is still left to learn.
The more　
the better　
句型公式 句式仿写
4.句型公式：It/This is/was the first/second/ ...time （that） ... 教材原句：Though it was the first time many of the students had taken part in a volunteer programme like
this， they were eager to share various interesting topics with the residents ... 4.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）我感到非常兴奋，因为这是我第一次在公园里上美术课。
I was very excited because

.
it was the first time I had attended
an art class in the
park　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　　 Some unexpected conflicts may come about when you
have many things to deal with.You should be committed to doing the more important things first. 　　　　， when you are up to something， the more absorbed you are in doing it， the fewer mistakes you will make.Don’t accuse yourself of committing a few mistakes.You should persuade yourself to move ahead with your set goals.
微技能热身
1. 句①是主从复合句，when引导 从句，从句中的to deal
with作 。
2. ②处应选 。
A. However B. Besides C. Nevertheless
时间状语　
后置定语　
B　
committed adj.尽心尽力的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Borrowers should think carefully before committing to
taking out a loan.
②As a journalist， you need to keep up with the current affairs and
be （commit） to writing.
③The new graduate kept his （commit） and returned
back to his hometown to teach us.
themselves　
committed　
commitment　
【写美】 句式升级
④As she was committed to the project，she seldom played with her
children.
→ ，she seldom played with her children.
（形容词短语作状语）
Committed to the project　
【归纳】
（1）be committed to （doing） sth 承诺/致力于/全身心地投入
（做）某事
（2）commit vt.& vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证
commit an error/a crime/suicide 做错事/犯罪/自杀
commit oneself to （doing） sth　　专心致志于/承诺/保证（做）某事
（3）commitment n.献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费
make a commitment　　作出承诺
【佳句】 If admitted as a volunteer， I will commit myself to serving
English Festival with all my heart.（申请信）
如果能被录用为志愿者，我承诺会全身心地为英语文化节做好服务。
absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The novel written by Lu Xun was so （absorb） that I
read on without a break.
②The English-speaking community does not hesitate about absorbing
foreign words its daily vocabulary.
absorbing　
into　
【写美】 句式升级
③These children were absorbed in their game and didn’t even notice
their teacher come in.
→ ， these children
didn’t even notice their teacher come in.（形容词词短语作状语）
Absorbed in/Absorbing themselves in their game　
【归纳】
（1）absorb ...into ...　把……吸收到/并入……
（2）absorbed adj.　　精力集中的
be absorbed in＝absorb oneself in　　专心致志于；全神贯注于
（3）absorbing adj.　　十分吸引人的；引人入胜的
【佳句】 He lay down there， looked up at the sky， and soon absorbed
himself in thinking.（人物描写）
他躺在那里，看着天空，很快陷入了沉思。
【联想】 be absorbed in的同义短语有：be lost in、 be buried in、 be
occupied with等。
persuade vt.说服；使信服
【练通】 单句语法填空
①While shopping， people sometimes can’t help being persuaded
into （buy） something they don’t really need.
②The children did everything they could to persuade the family
the plan’s benefits.
buying　
of　
【写美】 句型转换
③We persuaded him out of lending his money to that untrustworthy man.
→We his money to that untrustworthy man.
persuaded him not to lend　
【归纳】
（1）说服某人做某事
（2）说服某人不做某事
（3）persuade sb of sth　　使某人相信某事
（4）try to persuade sb to do sth＝advise sb to do sth试图说服某人做某
事（但未必说服成功）
【佳句】 Not having persuaded Helen to change her mind， Lily was
very disappointed.
没有说服海伦改变想法，莉莉很失望。
come about 发生
【练通】 用come的相关短语填空
①If you faults but you still want it， you can ask the
shop assistant to reduce the price.
②At the meeting， the young doctor a great idea for
treating the rare disease.
come across　
came up with　
【写美】 完成句子
③（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）We all know fresh is best
.
我们都知道，在食物方面，新鲜的是最好的。
when it comes to
food　
【归纳】
come up　　走近；上来；发生；被提及
come across　　邂逅；偶遇；碰见；发现
come up with　　提出；想出；赶上
come out　　开花；出来；出版
when it comes to ...　　当谈到……
【佳句】 How did this accident come about？
这起事故是怎么发生的？
【点津】 come about是不及物动词短语，不可用于被动语态，一般用
物作主语。
the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...
The more we like the brand ambassador， the more we will be
attracted to buy the product.
我们越喜欢品牌大使，我们就越会被吸引去购买产品。
【写美】 完成句子
① you stay in Chongqing， you will like it.
你在重庆待的时间越长，你就会越喜欢这座城市。
②The more confident we were，
.
我们越自信，就越有可能成功。
③ ， in
English.
你练习得越多，你用英语写作就越熟练。
The longer　
the more　
the more likely we were to
succeed　
The more you practise　
the more skillfully you can write　
【归纳】
（1）“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”意为“越……，就
越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方
程度的变化而变化。
（2）从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级...”是表示条件的状语从
句；第二个“the＋比较级...”是主句。
【佳句】 As far as I’m concerned， the more you take part in after-
class activities， the sooner you will adapt to the new environment.
在我看来，你参加的课外活动越多，你就能越快适应新环境。
【点津】 本结构还可以用于省略形式。
　　 Our country witnessed the Shenzhou-17 spacecraft
launching on 26 October 2023 and all the Chinese people cheered up.It was also the fifth time that we had sent a manned mission during the space station stage successfully.And as the new facts in space are brought to light， we proudly have drawn a conclusion that we have won great achievements in space exploration.
微技能热身
1. 把句①改写为独立主格结构作状语的形式：


2. ②处that引导名词性从句，作conclusion的 语。
Our country witnessed the Shenzhou-17 spacecraft launching on 26
October 2023， all the Chinese people cheering up.
同位　
bring sth to light 揭露，披露
【练通】 用bring的相关短语填空
①Every time I hear that song， it many pleasant
memories.
②The dance style of the Dai people comes from their traditional belief and
aims to the Dai women’s beauty.
brings back　
bring out　
【写美】 完成句子
③If the accused concealed the fact， the counsel would
.
如果被告掩盖事实真相，律师就会把它揭发出来。
bring it to
light　
【归纳】
bring about　　引起，导致
bring back　　带回；使想起；恢复
bring up　　培养，抚养，养育；教育；提出；呕吐
bring in　　引入；赚（钱）
bring out　　使显出；阐明
bring down　　降低，减少
【佳句】 The research project brought to light some previously unknown
historical facts.
这个研究项目使一些先前不为人知的历史事实被揭示了出来。
conclusion n.结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成
【练通】 单句语法填空
① conclusion， I believe that you can benefit a lot from the music
concert.
②When the group discussion is nearing its end， make sure to conclude
it important points.
In　
with　
【写美】 同义句转换
③I concluded from my own experiences that where there is a will， there
is a way.
→
that where there is a will， there is a way.（conclusion）
I drew/came to/arrived at/reached a conclusion from my own
experiences　
【归纳】
（1）come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论　　　　
in conclusion　　总而言之
（2）conclude vt.& vi.　　结束；推断出
conclude　　从……中推断出……
conclude sth　　以……结束……
【佳句】 In conclusion/To conclude， good interpersonal skills are a
must for our future life.
总之，良好的人际交往能力对我们未来的生活是必需的。
It/This is/was the first/second/...time （that） ...
Though it was the first time many of the students had taken part in a
volunteer programme like this， they were eager to share various
interesting topics with the residents， such as how to use mobile
phones and go online on the computer.
虽然这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者活动，但他们渴望与居民
分享各种有趣的话题，比如如何使用手机和通过电脑上网。
【写美】 完成句子/一句多译
①This is the second time that in
the sports meeting.
这是我第二次被选中在运动会上做一名志愿者。
② something like that.
这是她第一次经历那样的事。
③ to stop
environmental pollution.（倡议书）
该是我们采取有效措施来防止环境污染的时候了。
I have been chosen to be a volunteer　
It was the first time that she had experienced　
It is high time that we took/should take effective measures　
【归纳】
（1）It/This is/was the＋序数词＋time （that） ...“这是第……
次……”，从句用完成时态。
（2）It is/was （high/about） time （that） ...“该是……的时候
了”，从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”，
should不可以省略。
（3）It’s time （for sb） to do sth“到（某人）做某事的时候了。”
【佳句】 It is the first time that I have enjoyed the beautiful scenery of
snowy mountains.I am overjoyed.（心理描写）
这是我第一次领略到这种雪积如山的美景，我欣喜若狂。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. trap
A. n.陷阱；圈套 B. vt.使困住，使落入困境
C. vt.使……陷入圈套 D. vt.捕捉
（1）（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）After studying agriculture，
medicine， and fisheries in college， John went back to observing
nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful
bacteria （细菌）？
D　
（2）（2025·宿迁二模）Insects are not attracted to light from far
away， but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light
source.
（3）（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）You’ll hear these participants’ stories and
learn what strategies worked well for them，and what traps they
encountered that you should avoid.
（4）（人教选必三）Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere， such as
methane and carbon dioxide， trap some of the heat，keeping Earth’s
climate warm and habitable.
C　
A　
B　
2. absorb
A. v.吸收 B. v.理解，掌握
C. v.吸引，使专心 D. v.吞并
（1）The storybook has absorbed him for several years.
（2）Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air.
（3）Beyond the fun， kids are absorbing lessons in logic， pattern recognition， and critical thinking.
（4）Most small shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.
C　
A　
B　
D　
3. 词义猜测
（1）We are glad to hear that the famous singer will release his new
album next month.
（2）Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions.

（3）（2023·1月浙江卷）All camp sessions are created with age-
appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids
learn.
v.发行，发布　
n.方
式，方法，手段　
vt.专门定制/定做　
（4）It takes the bark of three whole trees to make enough of the drug to
treat a single patient.
（5）In spring，the forest floor was carpeted with wild flowers.

（6）Quarrelling with his wife， Mark mounted his horse and rode
away.
（7）The council has committed large amounts of money to housing
projects.
n.树皮　
vt.厚厚地铺上　
vt.骑上　
vt.花（钱或时间）　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）This （absorb） new book by
Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed
by the forthcoming AI revolution （变革）.
2. （2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）“We have students who say they went home
and talked to their parents and now they’re eating
（difference），” Jaramillo says.
3. （人教选必一）Tu Youyou， a （commit） and
patient scientist， was born in Ningbo， China， on 30 December 1930，
and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
absorbing　
differently　
committed　
4. I opened the paper bag with （curious） and lying on top
of the food was my $20 bill.
5. Many tourism officials are using techniques to promote cultural
tourism， leaving netizens screaming in （amuse）.
6. “I thought it was an amazing way to raise awareness of ALS and raise
funds，” recalls Manju Kalanidhi， a （journal） in
Hyderabad， India.
7. Guizhou is a good place to experience authentic
（minor） cultures in China.
curiosity　
amusement　
journalist　
minority　
8. The problem of phone addiction has been observed since a few years
ago， with experts and （psychology） trying to
increase awareness about this problem.
9. They are almost （automatic） associated with
Disney because Disney turned old fables into cartoon movies.
10. （2022·全国甲卷）From seeing the wildlife to
（witness） sunrises， the whole experience was amazing.
11. When we （absorb） in an activity， even minor
distractions can have a huge effect.
psychologists　
automatically　
witnessing　
are absorbed　
12. When the thief was caught， the police trapped him into
（tell） the truth.
13. （外研选必四）The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to
persuade people （work） for me， which was totally
outside my experience.
telling　
to work　
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. New restaurants （迅速出现） all over the city.
2. （就健康而言）， we should have a balanced
diet.
3. The patient is （处于危急关头） and needs
immediate surgery.
4. Saving lives should be （当务之急） during
disasters.
are springing up　
In terms of health　
in a critical condition　
a top priority　
5. They analyzed the problem （从相同的
角度）.
6. After careful research and data analysis， we can
（得出一个更可靠的结论）.
from the same perspective　
draw a more
informed conclusion　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
电子邮件——参加网络短视频大赛
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 这是你第一次参加“魅力中国”短视频大赛，我想和你分享一些我
的想法。（This is the first time that ...）



This is the first time that you have participated in the “Charming China”
short video competition， and I would like to share some of my thoughts
with you.
2. 你可以制作一个关于首钢滑雪大跳台的视频，其真实场景可以满足
许多观众的好奇心。（factual；curiosity）


3. 你可以体验到全自动无人驾驶车辆，它用于运送游客、销售和配送
货物以及进行安全巡逻。（automatic；非限制性定语从句）


You can make a video about the Shougang Big Air Venue， whose factual
scene can satisfy the curiosity of many viewers.
You can experience fully automatic driverless vehicles， which are used to
transport visitors， sell and deliver goods and conduct security patrols.
4. 你可以通过拍摄车辆快速准确地到达用户和目的地使你的短视频更
加精彩。（brighten up）


5. 我相信你的作品一定会吸引观众的注意力并获奖！（absorb）


You can brighten up your short video by filming the vehicles that rapidly
and accurately reach users and destinations.
I’m sure your work will definitely absorb the audience’s attention and
win awards！
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
　　









　　 　This is the first time that you have participated in the “Charming
China” short video competition， and I would like to share some of my
thoughts with you.Firstly， you can make a video about the Shougang Big
Air Venue， whose factual scene can satisfy the curiosity of many
viewers.There you can experience fully automatic driverless vehicles，
which are used to transport visitors， sell and deliver goods and conduct
security patrols.Moreover， you can brighten up your short video by
filming the vehicles that rapidly and accurately reach users and destinations.
In a word， I’m sure your work will definitely absorb the audience’s attention and win awards！　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮 词 人物描写：journalist； curiosity； citizen； committed
动作描写：scream； bark； witness； broadcast
美 句 ①Fire engines and ambulances，called at 9：30 p.m.， reached the
scene within 15 minutes.By this time， the fire had extended to the
15th floor.Firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m.（场景描写）
②I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and
dogs barking.I looked outside and the smoke was choking me.It was
like an awful dream.（动作＋场景描写）
动作描写之“跳、爬、站”
词汇
单
词 ①jump v.& n.跳，跃 ②hop v.& n.单脚跳
③skip v.& n.跳（通常指轻快地跳） ④crawl v.爬行
⑤creep v.爬行（通常指缓慢、悄悄地爬）
⑥leap v.& n.跳跃（通常指较大的跳跃）
⑦bounce v.弹起，反弹
⑧spring v. & n.跳跃（有弹簧般的动作）
⑨climb v.攀登，爬 ⑩clamber v.（手脚并用）艰难地爬
stand v.站立
词汇
词
块 ①jump to one’s feet跳起来
②rise to one’s feet站起来
③go hiking去远足
④climb a mountain/hill/tree/wall爬山/树/墙
⑤race wildly 狂跳
美句
①He was about to jump into the water when the truck driver suddenly came to himself and rushed to the railing.
正当他准备跳进水里时，卡车司机突然回过神来，冲向栏杆。（动作＋场景描写）
②Though several soldiers fell into the fast-flowing river， the others crawled along the wood boards they had laid until they finally took control of the east bank.
尽管有几名士兵掉进了湍急的河流中，但其余的士兵沿着他们铺设的木板爬行，直到最终控制了东岸。（动作＋场景描写）
情境导语 伴随着愤怒的吼叫，这只熊跑到湖边清洗眼睛。几分钟之
后它又回来了……
第一步　完成句子
1. 几分钟后，这只熊回到了我们的营地。
A few minutes later， the bear .
2. 我的心狂跳不已，不知道该怎么办。
， not knowing what to do.（心理活动）
headed back to our camp　
My heart raced wildly　
3. 就在这时，直升机来了。“谢天谢地，我们得救了！”
At that very moment， the helicopter arrived.“
”（语言描写）
4. 当我们在空中的直升机上安全时，我惊讶地发现这只熊最终跳过围
栏，拆掉了我们的帐篷。
When we were safe on the helicopter up in the air， I was amazed to
spot
.（动作描写；宾语从句）
Thank goodness， we
are saved！　
that the bear had finally jumped over the fence and torn down our
tent　
5. 我快速拿出相机，拍下这罕见的一幕——我们被一只北极熊抢
劫了！
I quickly — we
were robbed by a polar bear！（动作描写）
took out the camera and photographed the rare scene　
第二步　连句成文
　　






　　 　A few minutes later， the bear headed back to our camp.My heart
raced wildly， not knowing what to do.At that very moment， the
helicopter arrived.“Thank goodness， we are saved！” When we were
safe on the helicopter up in the air， I was amazed to spot that the bear had
finally jumped over the fence and torn down our tent.I quickly took out the
camera and photographed the rare scene — we were robbed by a polar
bear！　
4
素养·培育落实
真题剖析，深度探究
　　（2023·全国乙卷）What comes into your mind when
you think of British food？ Probably fish and chips， or a
Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting？ Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine， it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign
that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made
meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is
recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is
slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to
change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the
number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and
colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people
think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts， 1 in 5 Britons say
that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try
different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of
ingredients （配料） than they used to， and just under 1 in 4 say they
now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that
TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their
cookery knowledge and skills， and young people are also getting more
interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession （痴迷） with food is
reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV， it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
28. What do people usually think of British food？（　　）
A. It is simple and plain.
B. It is rich in nutrition.
C. It lacks authentic tastes.
D. It deserves a high reputation.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段中的But is British food really so
uninteresting？ Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-
impressive cuisine可知，英国的食物通常被认为是简单而平庸的。
√
29. Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV？（　　）
A. Authoritative. B. Creative.
C. Profitable. D. Influential.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，英国的烹饪类电
视节目对观众影响很大，改变了他们对烹饪的看法。
√
30. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients
now？（　　）
A. 20%. B. 24%.
C. 25%. D. 33%.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Almost one third say they now
use a wider variety of ingredients （配料） than they used to可知，近三
分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多样化了。
√
31. What might the author continue talking about？（　　）
A. The art of cooking in other countries.
B. Male chefs on TV programmes.
C. Table manners in the UK.
D. Studies of big eaters.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，随着越来越多
的男厨师出现在电视上，男孩喜欢烹饪不再是“不酷”的事了。由此
可推断，接下来作者可能会介绍一些电视节目中的男厨师。
√
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. cuisine n. 烹饪（法），菜肴
2. top class adj. 顶级的，第一流的
3. decline v. 减少，下降
4. analyst n. 分析者
5. schedule v. 安排，将……列入进度表
6. documentary n. 纪实节目，纪录片
7. broadcast v. 广播，播送
8. influential adj. 有影响力的
9. Briton n. 英国人（课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积主题词块
1. come into one’s mind 浮现在/进入某人的脑海
2. have a reputation for 以……而闻名
3. table manners 餐桌礼仪
4. big eaters 食量大的人
5. meat and two vegetables 一荤两素
6. a traditional diet 传统饮食
7. food courses 美食课程
8. cookery programmes 烹饪节目
9. cookery knowledge 烹饪知识
10. male chefs 男性厨师
11. television scheduling 电视节目安排
12. documentaries about food 美食纪录片
（三）由文本知变式运用
1. 学习构词（派生词/合成词）
（1）adventurous adj.有冒险精神的，大胆开拓的[adventure （n.）＋
后缀-ous]
（2）impressive adj.给人深刻印象的 [impress （v.）＋后缀-ive]
（3）profitable adj. 赢利的，有好处的 [profit （n.）＋后缀-able]
（4）cookery n.烹饪（术），烹调 [cooker （n.）＋后缀-y]
（5）ready-made adj.预先准备好的，现成的[ready （adv.）＋made
（p.p.）]
2. 近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）often＝ （第一段）
（2）show no interest in＝ （第二段）
3. 熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）authentic [熟义] adj.可靠的，可信的
→[生义] adj. （第28题）
（2）art [熟义] n.艺术
→[生义] n. （第31题）
frequently　
turn away from　
真正的，正宗的　
技术，技巧　
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
1. （据最近报道） that the number of
those （坚持传统饮食） is slowly
declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or
improve their cooking in some way.（新闻报道）
2. There has been a rise in the number of students
（申请上食品课程） at UK universities and
colleges.（新闻报道）
3. According to a new study from market analysts，1 in 5 Britons say that
watching cookery programmes on TV
（鼓励他们尝试不同的食物）.（新闻报道）
It is recently reported　
sticking to a traditional diet　
applying for
food courses　
has encouraged them to try
different food　
（五）由文本探析长难句
　Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine，
it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our
television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller
lists.
分析：本句含有由Even though引导的 从句。主句中含有
两个定语从句，第一个定语从句由关系代词 引导，修饰先行
词 ；第二个定语从句由关系代词 引导，
意思相当于 the chefs’。
译文：


让步状语　
who　
top class chefs　
whose　
尽管英国的烹饪素以平庸著称，但它正在培养更多的顶级厨
师，这些厨师经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，他们的烹饪书也经常高
居畅销榜之首。　
5
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
阅读理解
A
　　Noted for his profound description of life along the Chinese railway，
Wang Fuchun passed away on 13 March 2021 at the age of 79.His
engaging photographs capture the substance of China’s ever-changing
landscape.
　　Being artistic and good at painting and calligraphy， Wang found that
photography bridged the two worlds： he could make art with his camera
and increasingly he felt that his goal was not art， but life.
　　In the late 1970s， when he started taking his photographs，
everyone on a railway platform looked reserved and orderly.By the late
1980s， a great rush to the cities had begun on the trains.He recorded
young migrant workers shedding their shirts， running with sweat，
seeking coolness on top of the seats.He did not ask anyone’s permission
to take them， and he preferred to act secretly， like a thief in a way， as
it captured the authentic （真实的） moments of people’s lives — and
so mirrored all the more clearly how China was changing.
　　His project was all-consuming.Over 40 years he estimated he had
ridden on 1，000 trains and covered more than 100，000 kilometers， on
every line in China.Each trip was neatly noted down in a notebook； he
took about 200，000 pictures， and logged each by its place.From those
pictures， he felt the migrants’ poverty too keenly， and he preferred to
capture the hope that pushed people on to trains.
　　China was rushing to the modern world.Steam was fading； the
green-skinned trains acquired fans and air-conditioning.Then came
express trains， then high-speed rail.The aisles were clear， the windows
sealed.However， in the reclining seats （躺椅座位）， everyone
reclined.In the ordinary seats， everyone’s noses were buried in their
tablets and their phones.
　　He liked the message of hope； he was proud of what China had
achieved.But how sad， he also thought that on that dashing train there
was no mess， no collision of life and no good subjects for him， and that
Chinese people should once again look so orderly， reserved and
unconcerned about each other， even on a train.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了人物王福春，他以
深度描写中国铁路沿线生活而闻名，他用引人入胜的照片捕捉了中
国不断变化的景观的本质。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了人物王福春，他以
深度描写中国铁路沿线生活而闻名，他用引人入胜的照片捕捉了中
国不断变化的景观的本质。
1. How did Wang Fuchun reveal the changes in China with his camera？
（　　）
A. By creating art works on railway platforms.
B. By documenting migrant workers’ daily lives.
C. By recording the transformation of life on the train.
D. By capturing a great rush to cities along the railway.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，王福春是通过记录火
车上人们生活的变化来展示中国的变化的。
√
2. Why did Wang Fuchun prefer to take photographs secretly？（　　）
A. To perform his duty.
B. To reflect reality better.
C. To avoid disturbing people.
D. To satisfy his curiosity.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，王福春喜欢偷偷
拍照的原因是为了更好地反映现实。
√
3. What did Wang Fuchun find about the passengers on the modern train？
（　　）
A. They only focused on themselves.
B. They were quite messy and disorganized.
C. They were interested in the reclining seats.
D. They were engaged in lively conversations.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第五段最后三句可知，在现代飞速奔驰
的列车上，人们只关注自己。
√
4. Which of the following words can best describe Wang Fuchun？
（　　）
A. Friendly and considerate. B. Devoted and observant.
C. Talented and humorous. D. Optimistic and generous.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，四十年里，王福春乘
坐过1 000多次列车， 走过了10万公里的路程， 拍摄了大约20万张照
片。由此可推知，他是一个热衷的、专注一件事的人。再结合最后两
段内容，从火车的变化以及火车上人们生活的变化可知，作者感受到
了中国的变化。由此可推知，他又是一个善于观察的人。
B
　　（2025·扬州模拟）Nowadays， people are increasingly
interacting with others in social media environments where algorithms
control the flow of social information they see.People’s interactions with online algorithms may affect how they learn from others， with negative consequences including social misperceptions， conflict and the spread of misinformation.
　　On social media platforms， algorithms are mainly designed to
amplify （放大） information that sustains engagement， meaning they
keep people clicking on content and coming back to the platforms.There is
evidence suggesting that a side effect of this design is that algorithms
amplify information people are strongly biased （偏向的） to learn
from.We call this information “PRIME”， for prestigious， in-group，
moral and emotional information.
　　In our evolutionary past， biases to learn from PRIME information
were very advantageous： Learning from prestigious individuals is
efficient because these people are successful and their behavior can be
copied.Paying attention to people who violate moral norms is important
because punishing them helps the community maintain cooperation.But
what happens when PRIME information becomes amplified by algorithms
and some people exploit （利用） algorithm amplification to promote
themselves？ Prestige becomes a poor signal of success because people
can fake prestige on social media.News become filled with negative and
moral information so that there is conflict rather than cooperation.
　　The interaction of human psychology and algorithm amplification
leads to disfunction because social learning supports cooperation and
problem-solving， but social media algorithms are designed to increase
engagement.We call it functional mismatch.One of the key outcomes of
functional mismatch is that people start to form incorrect perceptions of
their social world， which often occurs in the field of politics.Recent
research suggests that when algorithms selectively amplify more extreme
political views， people begin to think that their political in-group and out-
group are more sharply divided than they really are.Such “false
polarization” might be an important source of greater political conflict.
　　So what’s next？ A key question is what can be done to make
algorithms facilitate accurate human social learning rather than exploit
social learning biases.Some research team is working on new algorithm
designs that increase engagement while also punishing PRIME
information.This may maintain user activity that social media platforms
seek， but also make people’s social perceptions more accurate.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体的算法影
响了人类的社交，一些人利用算法放大来推销自己，新闻充斥着负
面和道德信息，因此存在冲突而不是合作。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体的算法影
响了人类的社交，一些人利用算法放大来推销自己，新闻充斥着负
面和道德信息，因此存在冲突而不是合作。
5. What are social media algorithms targeted at？（　　）
A. Improving social environment.
B. Generating PRIME information.
C. Avoiding side effects of social media.
D. Raising the media platform click rate.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的On social media platforms，
algorithms are mainly ...coming back to the platforms.可知，社交媒体
算法的目标是提高媒体平台点击率。
√
6. Why does the author refer to “false polarization” in Paragraph 4？
（　　）
A. To make an assumption.
B. To illustrate a conclusion.
C. To explain a political issue.
D. To present an extreme case.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的One of the key outcomes ...might be an important source of greater political conflict.可推知，作者提到“虚假极化”是为了说明结论。
√
7. According to the author， algorithms will be improved so as
to 　　　　.（　　）
A. boost engagement and regulate amplification
B. strengthen social learning and delete biases
C. identify biases and punish PRIME information
D. monitor media platforms and guarantee users’ privacy
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Some research team is
working ...make people’s social perceptions more accurate.可知，算
法将得到改进，以提高参与度和调节放大。
√
8. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. PRIME Information Meets with Misperceptions
B. Algorithms Control the Flow of Social Information
C. Social Media Algorithms Twist Human Social Learning
D. Online Algorithm Designs Face Unexpected Challenges
解析：　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了社交媒体的
算法影响了人类的社交，一些人利用算法放大来推销自己，新闻充斥
着负面和道德信息，因此存在冲突而不是合作。因此，C项（社交媒
体算法扭曲了人类的社交学习）为文章最佳标题。
√
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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