资源简介

UNIT 2　Understanding each other
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·兴化中学综合演练）When Mark Twain visited Florence in 1867， he dutifully visited the city’s museums， churches， and tombs.But as he stood by the Arno， he began to sense the Italians’ insistence that it was a river， not a stream.“They all call it a river， and they honestly think it is a river， do these dark and bloody Florentines，” he complained.“I might enter Florence under happier circumstances a month hence and find it all beautiful， all attractive.But I do not care to think of it now， at all.”
　　It’s normal to feel uncomfortable outside your home culture.Feelings of discomfort， dislocation， and overload among travelers are referred to by many as “culture shock”. But Susan Goldstein， a professor at the University of Redlands says，“ Though the term has existed for many years， ‘Culture shock’ implies a dramatic， unexpected， negative event.Though many travelers will experience such challenges， a real sense of ‘shock’ is untypical.So untypical that many researchers no longer use the term.”
　　It was the vivid description of culture shock by Canadian researcher Oberg， written in 1960 in response to his own multicultural experiences， that won over audiences.The researcher spoke of the adjustment process as “an occupational disease of people who have suddenly been transplanted abroad” — a “disease” that progressed from a honeymoon phase， through rejecting the new environment， to finally adjusting fully to it.By the 1970s many researchers adopted the idea that， like physical illnesses， culture shock progressed through a remarkably consistent and universal set of stages.
　　Modern research， however， suggests that the experiences of adaptation are individual， not universal.“People will have their ups and downs， but for the most part， they will become increasingly comfortable and competent over time，” Goldstein says.And while many connect the causes of culture shock to the host culture itself， an individual’s internal expectations and differences are just as important.
　　As for Mark Twain， the moody author was able to ride out his feelings of upset and dislocation while traveling.He eventually finished out his European tour — and in his best-selling travel memoir （回忆录） — The Innocents Abroad famously remarked that travel is “fatal to prejudice and narrow-mindedness”.With the right attitude — and the willingness to seek help if you need it — it’s more than likely that you， too， can adapt and grow in new settings， building new memories and toughness — with each new stamp in your passport.
1.How did Mark Twain feel about Italians’ insistence？（　　）
A.Annoyed.　　　　　　 B.Calm.　　
C.Uninterested.　　　　　　　 D.Curious.
2.What can be inferred about culture shock？（　　）
A.It would lead to physical diseases.　 B.It was regarded as an avoidable thing.
C.It was named for people’s adjustment.　 D.It had gained wide acceptance by the 1970s.
3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？（　　）
A.Suggestions about culture shock.　 B.A change in understanding culture shock.
C.Stress of the importance of culture shock.　 D.A criticism of previous idea of culture shock.
4.Why is Mark Twain mentioned in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.To remember him.　 B.To inform and anticipate.
C.To conclude and encourage.　 D.To make the ending humorous.
B
　　In my whole life I was frightened by doctors.So when I recently launched a series of writing and publishing courses， I was shocked to find among my students several physicians，the same profession as my father.And they all wanted to be writers.Whenever someone mentioned their medical background， I’d think I had to call Dad to tell him，but I couldn’t.
　　Raised up in a big Michigan family with three brilliant loud science brain brothers，I’d always felt left out by their Disease Game at dinner，where Dad threw out cases for them to diagnose.Our house was their laboratory.I was frequently scared by bees in jars in the refrigerator and pet rats.
　　Getting to study medicine was always Dad’s dream，so he encouraged the boys to follow in his footsteps.But I never truly settled down， chasing my dream for literary here and there.My father opposed my liberalism.I was overjoyed when Random House published my humorous memoirs about my past addictions.My father wasn’t so joyful.“You’re bringing disgrace on our family，” he snapped.
　　At 87， when my father was admitted to hospital with heart and kidney failure，we had a rare afternoon alone.Sitting by his bed，I apologized for taking so long to figure out my life.
　　“I have a lot of regrets，” he said.“It took me too long to make a decent living，screwing up jobs because of my bullheadedness and big mouth.”
　　I was nervous when his physician Olaf emailed me， but it wasn’t bad news.“Your dad says you’re a professor who helps people publish.Could you help me？” he asked.
　　“What did you tell Olaf about me？” I questioned Dad that night， still surprised.
　　“That you stuck to your guns and became a success，” he said.
　　“Why didn’t you ever tell me that？”
　　“I’m telling you now，” he said.He was pleased when I helped Olaf publish his first magazine piece.
　　I wish Dad were here so I could share the latest stories of my physician students.But I lost him four years ago.In a way，he still is here，as I channel everything he taught me about hard work， and never giving up doing what you love.
5.What do we know about the author’s brothers？（　　）
A.They used to make loud noise.　 B.They were addicted to playing games.
C.They were interested in medicine.　 D.They distanced the author on purpose.
6.What do the underlined words “screwing up” in Paragraph 5 probably mean？（　　）
A.Taking over.　 B.Focusing on. C.Contributing to.　 D.Messing up.
7.Why did Dad recommend the author to Olaf？（　　）
A.To help Olaf publish articles.　 B.To discuss his physical condition.
C.To promote the author’s courses.　 D.To share the author’s memoirs.
8.Which of the following can best describe the author’s dad？（　　）
A.Enthusiastic but dishonest.　 B.Modest but demanding.
C.Conservative but loving.　 D.Helpful but selfish.
Ⅱ.应用文写作
　　（2025·徐州名校联考）假定你在某英语学习网站上看到一个话题为My Plan for a Meaningful Summer Vacation的帖子，请你写一篇英语短文跟帖，内容包括：（1）你的暑假安排；（2）说明你的理由。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。
My Plan for a Meaningful Summer Vacation
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 2　Understanding each other
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了“文化冲击”的概念、人们对异国他乡适应过程的理解以及通过旅行获得成长和新体验的可能性。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中Mark Twain的抱怨可知，Mark Twain对意大利人的坚持是生气的。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的By the 1970s many researchers adopted the idea that， like physical illnesses， culture shock progressed through a remarkably consistent and universal set of stages.可知，到20世纪70年代，文化冲击得到了广泛的接受。
3.B　段落大意题。根据第四段中People will have ...competent over time可知，第四段的主要内容是对文化冲击理解的改变。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，最后一段提到Mark Twain的目的是总结全文，鼓励读者采取正确的态度。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲期待孩子们都去学医，但是作者坚持追求写作梦，到处漂泊。在经历一番后，作者终于理解了爸爸对他的爱以及爸爸教给他的努力工作、坚持梦想不放弃的道理。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者的哥哥们对医学感兴趣。
6.D　词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，作者的爸爸有很多遗憾，之前花了太长时间才过上体面的生活，因为他的固执和大嘴巴而把工作搞砸了。由此可知，画线词是贬义词，与D项意思相近。
7.A　细节理解题。根据第六段中的Your dad says you’re a professor who helps people publish.Could you help me？可知，负责爸爸的医生给作者发邮件，想要作者帮助他发表文章。所以作者的爸爸推荐作者的原因就是希望作者帮助该医生发表文章。
8.C　推理判断题。根据第三段和最后一段内容可知，作者的爸爸刚开始希望子承父业，反对作者的自由主义，说明他是保守的；但是他在某种程度上一直鼓励作者追求梦想不放弃，由此可知，他对孩子们又是充满爱的。
Ⅱ.
My Plan for a Meaningful Summer Vacation
　　As a high school senior， I think this summer vacation is special.I’ve planned it focusing on personal growth and exploration.
　　I have decided to work part-time at a bookstore.This experience will not only help me develop a sense of responsibility but allow me to save up for a language course.Being surrounded by books is an added bonus as I’m a book lover.Additionally， I’m determined to learn Arabic.Understanding another language opens doors to different cultures and perspectives， which I find incredibly valuable.
　　I’m sure this combination of work and learning will make for a both productive and meaningful summer.
3 / 3Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　Jack， 　　　　 behaved himself and is a specialist in treating skin cancer， took over our department.Now， the research results we discovered today doesn’t account for all those cases， making him upset. 　　　　 （solve） the problem as soon as possible， he corresponded with his best friend abroad who invited him to join 　　　　 his research.Now， to suit the needs of medical research， he introduces new medical equipment and the medical staff approve of his decision. 微技能热身 1.①处是非限制性定语从句，应填关系代词　　　，主句谓语是　　　　　　　　　　。 2.②处应填　　　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　。
behave vi.& vt.表现得体，有礼貌；表现
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2024·北京卷）Dishonest and violent 　　　　　　　　（behave） were disapproved of； leadership， marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions.
②They behaved badly 　　　　　　the guests， which made us very disappointed.
【写美】 完成句子
③As a citizen，we 　　　　　　　　　　， obeying laws， rules and regulations. （倡议书）
作为一个公民，我们应该举止得体，遵守法律、法规和规章。
【归纳】
（1）behave oneself　　行为规矩；表现得体；检点
behave well/badly to/towards sb 对待某人好/差
（2）well-behaved/badly-behaved adj. 表现好/差的
（3）behavio（u）r n. 行为；举止
【佳句】 As a well-behaved guest， you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks in the food or point at others with them. （建议信）
作为一个举止得体的客人，你不应把筷子插在食物里，或者用筷子指着其他人。
correspond vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I want to figure out why his answer to the question is not in 　　　　　　　　（correspond） with mine.
②（外研选必四）Through comparison， he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond 　　　　the positions of the stars.
【写美】 同义句转换
③What she has just said isn’t in correspondence with the views of the majority.
→What she has just said 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the views of the majority.（correspond）
【归纳】
（1）correspond with sb　　　和某人通信
correspond with/to sth 与……相一致
（2）correspondence n. 相符，一致；有通信联系
（be in） correspondence with与……一致/有通信联系
（3）correspondent n. 记者，通讯员
【佳句】 I have corresponded with him for some years， but I have never met him in the flesh.
＝I have been in correspondence with him for some years， but I have never met him in the flesh.
我已和他通信联系好几年了，但一直未与他本人见过面。
account for sth 是……的说明（或原因）； （数量上、比例上）占
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The increase in sales can be accounted 　　　　by our effective marketing strategy.
②We need to take the weather conditions 　　　　account when planning the event.
③On no account 　　　　　　　　the importance of environmental protection.
我们决不能忽视环境保护的重要性。
【写美】 句式升级
④I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.
→I sincerely hope that you will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【归纳】
on account of ＝because of由于；因为
on no account ＝in no way 决不（置于句首时，句子用部分倒装）
take ...into account/consideration＝take account of 考虑到……
【佳句】 The bad weather accounted for the low turnout at the outdoor event.
恶劣的天气是户外活动出席人数少的原因。
【生义】 Women workers account for more than 50% in that company.
在那家公司，女性工人占比50%多。
动词-ing短语作结果状语
Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect， allowing relationships to become more positive and productive.
良好的沟通技巧也会帮助你建立信任，赢得尊重，让人际关系变得更加积极和富有成效。
【写美】 完成句子
①（外研必修三）For these people， climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
②（2025·怀化三模）Have you ever changed jobs or moved to an unfamiliar city， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　how to connect with new people？
你是否曾经换过工作或者搬到一个陌生的城市，结果却发现自己在思考如何与新的人建立联系？
【归纳】
（1）动词-ing形式（短语）作结果状语时，通常放在句子后面，表示一种自然而然的、意料之中的结果。这种结构强调动作的连贯性并且结果的产生是由前面的动作直接导致的。
（2）动词不定式（短语）作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果，常被only修饰。
【佳句】 The game is simple to play， making it popular among teenagers.
这种游戏玩起来简单，这让它在青少年中受欢迎。
【点津】 动词-ing形式短语作结果状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则需要使用独立主格结构或者其他表达方式。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.suit
A.n.套装　B.vt.适合　C. vt.满足需要
（1）The color scheme of the room suits the taste of the homeowner， creating a warm and inviting atmosphere. 　　　　　
（2）But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. 　　　　　
（3）（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）According to this theory， people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media， which are often not so serious， and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 　　　　　
2.词义猜测
（1）So， don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.　　　　　
（2）（2023·全国甲卷）It was a neighbor called Mario，coming to bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.It was a very nice gesture for him to make. 　　　　　
（3）I told him about the many activities in which I was involved.And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. 　　　　　
（4）It was strange that the divorce was not contested. 　　　　　
（5）The study shows that someone allergic to milk is likely to react badly to cheese. 　　　　　
（6）In all our products， I think， the accent is on quality of the product. 　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（人教选必三）In these poems the poet Tagore shows a 　　　　　　（sympathy）understanding of children’s feelings.
2.（2023·全国乙卷）Learning about the 　　　　　　（require） of each plant can be very rewarding.
3.Everyone in the family was grateful for their safe return and Onyx was given an extra treat later in the afternoon for her quick and brave 　　　　　　（react）.
4.In this course we will analyze many interesting aspects of the sports industry： sports leagues， ticket pricing， salary 　　　　　　（negotiate）， discrimination， and NCAA policies to name a few.
5.They also interviewed people of various age groups to learn about the 　　　　　　（prefer） of a dragon mascot.
6.After the opening ceremony and some amazing performances， the wrestling 　　　　　　（competent） began.
7.Hardly had we arrived at the farm 　　　　we began our picking under the guidance of experienced owners.
8.While we are in the canteen， it’s good manners to queue up for food and we should never tolerate 　　　　　　（waste） food.
9.Understand the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance， and you will tend 　　　　　　（find） it easy to learn Tang poetry.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.Traveling around the world is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（拓展你思维的绝佳方式） as you experience diverse cultures.
2.This type of dress 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（过时了）， so she intends to buy a new one.
3.A good teacher should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（对各种学科都有见识）.
4.You should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（慎重考虑） his proposal.
5.We need to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（更深入地探讨交流这个话题） to solve the problem.
6.Don’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（忽视对方的肢体语言） during the conversation.
7.You should adjust 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（相应地调整你的沟通方式） when you notice the change of the situation.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
邮件——语言学习
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.正如其他语言学习一样，学习汉语也需要练习。（as）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.背词汇表，阅读与汉语相关的书籍至关重要。（vocabulary；非谓语动词）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.用汉语与当地人交流得越多，你就会说得越流利。（fluently； the more ...the more ...）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.看一些中文电影或电视节目来拓宽视野也是有帮助的。（broaden one’s horizons）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.无论学习汉语有什么困难，都要坚持下去。（no matter what）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：gentle；empathy→empathize；sympathy；embarrassed；tolerate；pessimistic；sincerely
动作描写：react；obtain；fold；gain；gesture；recite；slip
美句 ①A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed， while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction.（场景描写） ②If someone looks at you with a confused expression， this could indicate that they have not completely understood your point.（心理描写） ③Seek to understand the other person’s emotions，by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.（主旨升华）
修辞手法之“拟人”
自然景 物拟人 The little stars in the night sky are blinking their eyes， as if smiling at you. 夜空中的小星星眨着眼睛，似乎在对你微笑。
物体 拟人 In the morning， the alarm clock kept calling me loudly， and I quickly got up. 早晨，闹钟不停地大声呼唤着我，我赶紧起了床。
情境导语 一家人决定做爆米花来帮助伯纳德，接下来是他们做爆米花的激动人心的时刻……
第一步　完成句子
1.经过几次尝试，他们终于成功了，爆米花在锅里欢快地歌唱。
After several attempts， they finally made it， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（with复合结构；拟人的修辞手法）
2.孩子们开心地跳着出去给伯纳德送可口的爆米花，美丽的花儿在微笑。
The children danced out happily/joyfully to send the tasty popcorn to Bernard and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（拟人的修辞手法）
3.他的母亲站在门口， 喜极而泣。
His mother， 　　　　　　　　　　　， wept for joy.（非谓语动词作状语）
4.孩子们开心地笑着，像鸟儿一样在院子里蹦蹦跳跳。
The children laughed happily， and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（比喻的修辞手法）
5.天上出现闪闪的繁星，高兴地向他们眨眼睛。
Stars appeared in the sky， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（拟人的修辞手法）
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　（2022·全国甲卷）Sometime in the early 1960s， a significant thing happened in Sydney， Australia.The city discovered its harbor.Then， one after another， Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks， superb beaches， and a culturally diverse population.But it is the harbor that makes the city.
　　Andrew Reynolds， a cheerful fellow in his early 30s， pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.After our third run Andrew shut down the engine， and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break， I to explore the city.
　　“I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
　　“How do you mean？” I asked.
　　“Oh， they’re replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans are faster， but they’re not so elegant， and they’re not fun to pilot.But that’s progress， I guess.”
　　Everywhere in Sydney these days， change and progress are the watchwords （口号）， and traditions are increasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald， the city’s official historian， told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s， Sydney swept aside much of its past， including many of its finest buildings.“Sydney is confused about itself，” she said.“We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving （解决）.”
　　On the other hand， being young and old at the same time has its attractions.I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.“Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me.“What people forget is that the Italians， when they came to Australia， brought 2000 years of their culture， the Greeks some 3000 years， and the Chinese more still.We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country.It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
　　He is right， but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32.What is the first paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.Sydney’s striking architecture.
B.The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C.The key to Sydney’s development.
D.Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33.What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds？（　　）
A.He goes to work by boat.
B.He looks forward to a new life.
C.He pilots catamarans well.
D.He is attached to the old ferries.
34.What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney？（　　）
A.It is losing its traditions.
B.It should speed up its progress.
C.It should expand its population.
D.It is becoming more international.
35.Which statement will the author probably agree with？（　　）
A.A city can be young and old at the same time.
B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D.Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1.significant adj. 重要的；意义重大的
2.harbor n. 海港
3.diverse adj. 形形色色的；不同的
4.population n. 人口；人口数量；种群
5.elegant adj. 高雅的；优美的
6.conflict n. 冲突；争执；矛盾
7.consider v. 考虑；认为
8.ferryboat n. 渡船（课标外词汇）
9.shuttle v. 频繁往来；往返运送（课标外词汇）
10.dynamism n. 活力；精力（课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积主题词块
1.sort of 　　　　　　　　有几分（表示某种程度）
2.shuttle back and forth 来回穿梭
3.sweep aside 不予理睬
4.be confused about 对……感到困惑
5.make up one’s mind 下定决心
6.at the same time 与此同时
7.can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事
（三）由文本知变式运用
1.学习构词（派生词/合成词）
（1）modernity n.现代性[modern （adj.）＋后缀-ity]
（2）thoughtful adj.体贴的；沉思的[thought （n.）＋后缀-ful]
（3）foundation n.基础；地基；根据[found （v.）＋后缀-ation]
（4）combination n.结合（体）；联合（体）[combine （v.）去e＋后缀-ation]
（5）businessman 商人；企业家；商界人士[business（n.）＋man（n.）]
2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）different＝　　　　　　 （第一段）
（2）take the place of＝　　　　　　 （第五段）
3.熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）pilot [熟义] n.飞行员；驾驶员；领航员
→[生义] v.　　　　　　 （第二段第一句）
（2）run [熟义] v.跑；奔跑
→[生义] n.　　　　　　　 （第二段第三句）
（3）part [熟义] n.部分，零件，角色
→[生义] v.　　　　　　（第三段）
（4）drive [熟义] v.驾驶；开车
→[生义] n.　　　　　 （第七段倒数第二句）
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
Shirley Fitzgerald， the city’s official historian， told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（悉尼对它的很多历史都置之不理）， including many of its finest buildings.（拟人的修辞手法）
（五）由文本探析长难句
　What people forget is that the Italians， when they came to Australia， brought 2000 years of their culture， the Greeks some 3000 years， and the Chinese more still.
分析：本句中 What 引导的是　　　　从句；is 是系动词；that 引导的是　　　　从句，从句中的 when 引导　　　　　　从句。
译文：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 2　Understanding each other
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境
[微技能热身]　1.who； took over　2.To solve　3.in
1.①behavio（u）rs　②to/towards　③should behave ourselves
2.①correspondence　②to/with　③doesn’t correspond with/to
3.①for　②into　③can we ignore
④take my suggestions into account/consideration
4.①making some feel weak and others， powerful
②only to find yourself wondering
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）C　（2）A　（3）B
2.（1）n.差错　（2）n.姿态；表示　（3）n.好处
（4）v.就……提出异议　（5）vi.过敏　（6）n.着重点
维度二
Ⅰ.1.sympathetic　2.requirements　3.reaction
4.negotiations　5.preference　6.competition　7.when　8.wasting　9.to find
Ⅱ.1.an excellent way to broaden your mind
2.is out of style
3.be knowledgeable about various subjects
4.give serious consideration to
5.look a little deeper into the topic of communication
6.ignore the other person’s body language
7.how you are communicating accordingly
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.As is always the case with other language learning， learning Chinese also demands practice.
2.It’s of great importance to memorize vocabulary and read books related to Chinese.
3.The more you communicate with local people in Chinese， the more fluently you will speak.
4.It’s also helpful to watch some Chinese films or TV programs to broaden your horizons.
5.No matter what difficulty you have in learning Chinese， you must persevere.
第二步
　　As is always the case with other language learning， learning Chinese also demands practice.Firstly， it’s of great importance to memorize vocabulary and read books related to Chinese. Secondly， the more you communicate with local people in Chinese， the more fluently you will speak.Aside from that， it’s also helpful to watch some Chinese films or TV programs to broaden your horizons.No matter what difficulty you have in learning Chinese， you must persevere.
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.with the popcorn singing happily in the pan
2.beautiful flowers were smiling
3.standing at the door
4.skipped in the yard like birds
5.twinkling their eyes at them with happiness
第二步
　　After several attempts， they finally made it， with the popcorn singing happily in the pan.The children danced out happily/joyfully to send the tasty popcorn to Bernard and beautiful flowers were smiling.His mother， standing at the door， wept for joy.The children laughed happily， and skipped in the yard like birds.
　　Stars appeared in the sky， twinkling their eyes at them with happiness.
【素养·培育落实】
一、做真题
32.C　段落大意题。根据第一段中的a significant thing happened in Sydney ...But it is the harbor that makes the city.可知，本段主要讲述了悉尼发展过程中的关键因素。
33.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的I’ll miss these old boats和第五段中的Catamarans are faster ...they’re not fun to pilot.可推知，Andrew Reynolds很喜欢这些旧渡船。
34.A　推理判断题。根据第六段中的Sydney swept aside much of its past， including many of its finest ...we want a modern city or a traditional one.可知，Shirley Fitzgerald觉得悉尼在发展过程中丢弃了太多传统，以至于现在定位有点模糊。
35.A　推理判断题。根据最后两段中的being young and old at the same time has its attractions及I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries可知，作者认为新旧交融自有其魅力，希望悉尼能够保留那些旧渡船，因此作者很可能认同A项（一个城市可以新旧交融在一起）。
三、再利用
（三）2.（1）diverse　（2）replace
3.（1）领航；驾驶　（2）行程；旅程；航程　（3）分别；离开
（4）冲劲；干劲
（四）Sydney swept aside much of its past
（五）主语　表语　时间状语
人们忘记的是，当意大利人来到澳大利亚时，带来了他们 2000 年的文化，希腊人带来了3000年的文化，而中国人则带来了更加悠久的文化。
7 / 8(共127张PPT)
UNIT 2　Understanding each other
高中总复习·英语 (译林版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
素养
培育落实
05
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. feedback n.反馈的意见（或信息）
2. enterprise n.公司，企业；规划，事业
3. cite vt.提及，列举；引用，引述
4. bacon n.咸猪肉，熏猪肉
5. tank n.坦克；（贮放液体或气体的）罐
6. integrate vt.& vi.（使）合并；（使）加入
7. intervention n.干涉行为，干预
8. linguist n.语言学家；通晓数国语言的人
9. encode vt.把……编码；把……译成电码（或密码）
10. decode vt.解（码），破译（尤指密码）
11. gesture n.手势，姿势；姿态，表示
vt.& vi.做手势，用手势表示
12. taboo n.禁忌，忌讳；禁止，避讳
13. bilingual adj.会说两种语言的；用两种语言（写）的
14. kung fu n.功夫
15. tribe n.部落
16. Germanic adj.日耳曼语的；德国的
教材例句
17. （人教选必四）2019－Present　Plan and teach after-school classical
calligraphy classes·Design classroom activities， provide feedbackn.反
馈的意见（或信息）
18. （北师大选必四） She tried to enjoy the bread and butter and the
apple jam out of the little glass dish by her plate but she had no appetite.
n.果酱
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. from text messages to mails从短信到电子邮件
2. obtain your dream job获得你梦寐以求的工作
3. a straightforward process一个简单的过程
4. cite a favourite poem引用了最喜爱的一首诗
5. clarify your message阐明你的信息
6. with arms folded双臂交叉
7. be knowledgeable about body language了解肢体语言
8. words of sympathy 同情的话
9. make adjustments to your own tone 调整一下你自己的语气
municate with parents through gestures 通过手势与父母交流
11. daily vocabulary日常词汇
12. be somewhat annoyed有点恼火
13. be in kindergarten 在上幼儿园/学前班
14. learn and recite学习和背诵
15. with a strong accent带有浓重的口音
16. improve our handwriting 提高我们的书法
17. cultural cooperation文化合作
18. start playing golf开始打高尔夫球
19. keep their native language pure 保持自己母语的纯正
20. have a singing contest举行歌咏比赛
21. welcome warmly and sincerely热情且真诚地欢迎
22. slip into a valley滑进山谷
23. the force of friction摩擦力
24. a school canteen学校食堂
25. look precisely the same看起来恰好一模一样
语境记忆
26. correspond vi.类似于（be similar to）；相一致（consist），符
合；通信
①correspond with hers与她说的相符
②haven’t corresponded for a long time 好久没有通信了
27. reject vt.拒绝接受（refuse，turn down），不予考虑；不录用；排
斥，排异
①reject his suggestions 拒绝他的建议
②reject the following candidates 不录用以下候选人
28. gain vt.& vi.获得；增进，增长；（从……中）受益 n.好
处，利益
（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）In this unique class， not only was my school life
fulfilled， but I gained aesthetic ability， which reminds me that life is
full of beauty.
在这节独特的课上，不仅我的学校生活得到充实，我还获得了审美能
力，这提醒我生活中充满了美好。
派生词汇识记
1. react vi.（对……）作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应
→reaction n.反应；回应
2. competent adj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的→competence n.能
力；胜任；本领
3. suit vt.满足需要；相配，合身 n.套装，西装，西服→suitable adj.
适合的；适宜的
4. negotiate vi.& vt.谈判；商定，达成（协议）→negotiation n.谈
判；磋商
5. approve vi.& vt.赞成；批准，通过（计划、要求等）→approval n.
赞成；认可；批准→disapproval n.不赞成；反对
6. preference n.偏爱；偏爱的事物→prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物
（而不选择其他事物）
7. embarrassed adj.窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的→embarrassing adj.令人
尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使困惑；使为难
→embarrassment n.窘迫，难堪；使人为难的人或事物；拮据
8. intention n.意图，计划→intend vi.& vt.计划；打算
9. correspond vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信→correspondence n.通
信；一致；符合→correspondent n.记者，通讯员
10. behave vi.& vt.表现得体，有礼貌；表现→behaviour n.行
为，举止
11. tolerate vt.容许，允许；忍受，容忍；能经受→tolerance n.容忍；
允许→tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的
12. fluent adj.（尤指外语）流利的，熟练的；文字流畅的→fluency
n.流利；流畅→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地
13. cooperate vi.合作，协作；协助，配合→cooperation n.合作，协作
→cooperative adj.合作的
14. oppose vt.反对，抵制；与……对垒→opposed adj.反对的；对立
的→opposition n.反对，反抗
15. pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的→pessimism n.悲观，悲观情
绪；厌世主义
16. tendency n.趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好→tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾
vt.照顾；护理
17. gentle adj.温柔的；温和的；柔和的→gently adv.温和地；轻柔地
→gentleness n.温柔
18. empathy n.同感，共鸣，同情→empathize vi.有同感，产生共鸣
1. “后缀-fy”动词演变记 ①clear→clarify 阐明 ②class→classify 把……分类 ③simple→simplify 简化 ④beauty→beautify 美化 ⑤quality→qualify 使……具有资格 2.“赞成”与“反对”碰碰面
①赞成：favour，support，agree， be for，back up，approve of，be in favour of
②反对：oppose，disapprove，
disagree， object to，be opposed to，be against
3.盘点come相关短语
①come about 发生（无被动形式）
②come across （偶然）遇见，碰见
③come on 加油；开始；得了吧
④come out 出版；结果是；（花）开放
⑤come up with 提出；想出（主意、计划、答案等）
1. put yourself in sb’s shoes 处于某人的境地，设身处地
2. account for sth 是……的说明（或原因）；
（数量上、比例上）占
3. approve of 赞成，赞同
4. broaden one’s mind 拓展视野，开阔眼界
5. function as 担任，充当
6. attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
7. face to face 面对面
8. refer to 参考；指的是；提到
9. negotiate with 与……谈判
10. depend on/upon 依靠，依赖
11. be confused about 对……感到困惑
12. out of style 过时的
13. for instance 例如
14. be based on 以……为基础
15. be opposed to 反对
16. be knowledgeable about 对……有见识
17. give serious consideration to 慎重考虑
18. be interpreted as a welcoming greeting 被理解为欢迎问候
19. function as a means of attracting your attention
　　 作为引起你注意的一种方式
20. look a little deeper into the topic of communication
　　 更深入地探讨交流这个话题
21. become a highly competent communicator
　　　　　　　　　 成为一个非常合格的沟通者
22. ignore the other person’s body language
　　 忽视对方的肢体语言
23. adjust how you are communicating accordingly
　　 相应地调整你的沟通方式
24. look at sb with a confused expression
　　 以一种困惑的表情看着某人
pletely understand one’s point
完全理解某人的观点
26. in a straightforward manner
以一种直截了当的方式
1. 句式：状语从句的省略
原句：When spoken by a stranger， they can function as a means of
attracting your attention.
如果是一个陌生人说的话，这可以作为引起你注意的一种方式。
2. 句式：while作并列连词，表示对比
原句：A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed，
while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and
create distrust or friction.
微笑表明你对正在讨论的问题很关注，而双臂交叉、目光移开可能表
明你不感兴趣，这样会造成不信任或产生摩擦。
3. 句式：no sooner ...than ...一……就……
原句：No sooner had I begun to understand how British people
communicate than it was time to head back home.我刚开始了解英国人
的沟通方式就到要回家的时候了。
4. 句式：the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...
原句：The longer a borrowed word has been in use，the more it sounds
and even looks like the native language.借用的外来词使用的时间越
长，它听起来，甚至看起来就越像母语。
5. 句式： whether ...or not ...无论……与否……
原句：Additionally， you should not ignore the other person’s body
language， which will give you clues as to whether the conversation is
going well or not.
此外，你不应该忽视对方的肢体语言，它会为你提供线索，告诉你谈
话进行得顺利与否。
　　Now， let’s share the opinion about how to be a competent communicator.
Firstly， obtain as much information of the other person as possible so that we can choose the best communication channel that suits the situation.For example，when we negotiate with a large enterprise，we should talk in a straightforward way.Besides，proper body language can help us avoid friction.Lastly，the value of empathy should be accepted.In other words，it is important that we should put ourselves in their shoes.While we may not approve of others’ ideas， we try to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them as well as adjust our tone.
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.feedback n.反馈的意见（或信息）
□2.enterprise n.公司，企业；规划，事业
□3.cite vt.提及，列举；引用，引述
□4.bacon n.咸猪肉，熏猪肉
□5.tank n.坦克；（贮放液体或气体的）罐
□6.integrate vt.& vi.（使）合并；（使）加入
□7.intervention n.干涉行为，干预
□8.linguist n.语言学家；通晓数国语言的人
□9.encode vt.把……编码；把……译成电码（或密码）
□10.decode vt.解（码），破译（尤指密码）
□11.taboo n.禁忌，忌讳；禁止，避讳
□12.bilingual adj.会说两种语言的；用两种语言（写）的
□13.kung fu n.功夫
□14.tribe n.部落
□15.Germanic adj.日耳曼语的；德国的
□16.jam n.果酱；拥挤，堵塞
核心单词练通
1. n.电子邮件；邮政；邮件
2. adj.坦诚的；简单的
3. n.争执；摩擦；摩擦力
4. vt.使更清晰易懂，阐明
5. n.语气，腔调；风格，特色
6. adj.博学的，有见识的
7. adv.准确地，恰好地；细心地；正是，确实
8. n.豆腐
9. n.学前班；幼儿园
mail　
straightforward　
friction　
clarify　
tone　
knowledgeable　
precisely　
tofu　
kindergarten　
10. vt.吟诵；列举
11. n.口音，腔调；重音；着重点，强调
vt.着重，强调，突出
recite　
accent　
12. n.高尔夫球运动
13. adj.纯净的；完全的
14. n.滑板
15. n.食堂，餐厅
16. n.栅栏，篱笆
17. n.手写，书写；笔迹，书法
18. n.比赛，竞赛；争夺，竞争
vt.争取赢得；争辩，就……提出异议
golf　
pure　
skateboard　
canteen　
fence　
handwriting　
contest　
单词拼写
1. （人教选必一）The （手势） for “OK” has different
meanings in different cultures.
2. （北师大选必二）At Oxford， he （获得） his
master’s degree in electrical engineering.
3. （外研必修三）And just look at how her dress is being
（折叠） by the wind！I really can’t believe she’s made of stone.
gesture　
obtained　
folded　
4. （人教选必四）Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being
offered （同情） by a robot， but she gradually admired
his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.
5. The photographer （滑落） downstairs， tiptoed out of
the house and disappeared into the darkness.
6. I （真诚地） hope you can follow my advice， which
will surely benefit you.
7. You should enlarge your （词汇量）， which can help
you effectively communicate with others.
sympathy　
slipped　
sincerely　
vocabulary　
拓展单词用活
记全记牢
1. vi.（对……）作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反
应→ n.反应；回应
2. adj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的
→ n.能力，胜任；本领
3. vi.& vt.谈判；商定，达成（协议）→
n.谈判；磋商
react　
reaction　
competent　
competence　
negotiate　
negotiation　
4. vi.合作，协作；协助，配合→ n.合
作，协作→ adj.合作的
5. vt.反对，抵制；与……对垒→ adj.反对
的；对立的→ n.反对，反抗
6. vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥，排异
→ n.拒绝；抛弃
7. adj.悲观的，悲观主义的→ n.悲观，
悲观情绪；厌世主义
cooperate　
cooperation　
cooperative　
oppose　
opposed　
opposition　
reject　
rejection　
pessimistic　
pessimism　
8. n.趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好→ vi.趋向；易
于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理
9. n.同感，共鸣，同情→ vi.有同感，产
生共鸣
tendency　
tend　
empathy　
empathize　
用准用活
1. She is a very teacher.She treats every
student .The students all like her kindness and .
（gentle）
2. I found a shopping mall， where I bought a coat
that me just fine last night.（suit）
3. Thanks to your ， and if you didn’t of my
plan， I would be fired by the employer.（approve）
gentle　
gently
gentleness　
suitable　
suited　
approval　
approve　
4. His questions made me greatly.I
felt my face burning with .（embarrass）
5. Some went abroad with the of trying their fortune，
while others to learn some skills of earning money.
（intend）
6. I am in English.That is to say， I speak
English .Others admire my in English.
（fluent）
embarrassing　
embarrassed　
embarrassment　
intention　
intended　
fluent　
fluently
fluency　
7. yourself or you will be laughed at by others because of
your bad .（behave）
8. I admire you for your ， because you can
things which can’t be .（tolerate）
9. In the past， I had a for physics.In other words，
I to study it.（prefer）
10. Jenney with her family frequently， but what she has
just said isn’t in with the views of her family.
（correspond）
Behave　
behavio（u）rs　
tolerance　
tolerate　
tolerant　
preference　
preferred　
corresponds　
correspondence　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
第一组
1. 　处于某人的境地，设身处地
2. 是……的说明（或原因）；
（数量上、比例上）占
3. 　赞成，赞同
4. 　拓展视野，开阔眼界
5. 　担任，充当
6. 　吸引某人的注意
7. 　面对面
8. 　参考；指的是；提到
put yourself in sb’s shoes　
account for sth　
approve of　
broaden one’s mind　
function as　
attract one’s attention　
face to face　
refer to　
第二组
1. 　与……谈判
2. 　依靠，依赖
3. 　对……有见识
4. 　慎重考虑
5. 　对……感到困惑
6. 　过时的
7. 　例如
8. 　以……为基础
9. 　反对
negotiate with　
depend on/upon　
be knowledgeable about　
give serious consideration to　
be confused about　
out of style　
for instance　
be based on　
be opposed to　
选用上面短语填空
1. （人教选必一）In other countries， by contrast， eye contact is not
always .
2. At first he the scheme， but we managed to argue
him round.
3. is of great importance when you
have conflicts with friends.
4. As is expected， the boy will try his best to seize the golden chance
to .
approved of　
was opposed to　
Putting yourself in their shoes　
broaden his mind　
5. It is reported that he global warming for many times in
his speech.
6. His story his own experience when he was studying in
Harvard University.
7. A typical PDA can a mobile phone， fax sender， and
personal organizer.
8. To save money， my parents keep using many devices which are
.
referred to　
is based on　
function as　
out
of style　
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句：When spoken by a
stranger， they can function as
a means of attracting your
attention. 1.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）此外，如果
与沟通困难的人搭档，学生可能会
感到不舒服。
Besides， students may feel
uncomfortable
who have difficulty in
communication.
if paired with
someone　
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：动词-ing短语作
结果状语 教材原句：Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect， allowing relationships to become more positive and productive. 2.（2024·全国甲卷）越来越多的
人开始购买新能源汽车，减少了对
化石燃料的依赖。
More and more people begin to buy
new energy vehicles，
.
reducing
reliance on fossil fuels　
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：no
sooner ...than ...一……
就…… 教材原句：No sooner had I begun to understand how British people communicate than it was time to head back home. 3.（2023·1月浙江卷）我们一进入植物园就被各种各样的植物所吸引。

we were
attracted by the various plants.
No sooner had we entered the
botanical garden than　
句型公式 句式仿写
4.句型公式：that 引导表语从
句 教材原句：What is special is
that it is a Chinese poem and
that she is able to recite it
without an accent. 4.（2022·全国乙卷）然而，在我
看来，对学生最有利的是他们阅读
英语书籍以增加词汇量。
However， from my point of view，
what benefits students most is

.
that
they read English books to increase
vocabulary　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　　Jack， 　　 behaved himself and is a specialist in treating
skin cancer， took over our department.Now， the research results we discovered today doesn’t account for all those cases， making him upset. 　　 （solve） the problem as soon as possible， he
corresponded with his best friend abroad who invited him to join 　　
his research.Now， to suit the needs of medical research， he introduces
new medical equipment and the medical staff approve of his decision.
微技能热身
1. ①处是非限制性定语从句，应填关系代词 ，主句谓语
是 。
2. ②处应填 。
3. ③处应填 。
who　
took over　
To solve　
in　
behave vi.& vt.表现得体，有礼貌；表现
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2024·北京卷）Dishonest and violent
（behave） were disapproved of； leadership， marriage and interactions
with other groups were loosely governed by traditions.
②They behaved badly the guests， which made us very
disappointed.
behavio（u）rs　
to/towards　
【写美】 完成句子
③As a citizen，we ， obeying laws， rules
and regulations.（倡议书）
作为一个公民，我们应该举止得体，遵守法律、法规和规章。
should behave ourselves　
【归纳】
（1）behave oneself　　　行为规矩；表现得体；检点
behave well/badly to/towards sb　对待某人好/差
（2）well-behaved/badly-behaved adj.　　表现好/差的
（3）behavio（u）r n.　　行为；举止
【佳句】 As a well-behaved guest， you shouldn’t stick your
chopsticks in the food or point at others with them.（建议信）
作为一个举止得体的客人，你不应把筷子插在食物里，或者用筷子指着其他人。
correspond vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I want to figure out why his answer to the question is not
in （correspond） with mine.
②（外研选必四）Through comparison， he found that the locations of
the 117 known Maya cities correspond the positions of the
stars.
correspondence　
to/with　
【写美】 同义句转换
③What she has just said isn’t in correspondence with the views of the
majority.
→What she has just said the views of the
majority.（correspond）
doesn’t correspond with/to　
【归纳】
（1）correspond with sb　　和某人通信
correspond with/to sth　　与……相一致
（2）correspondence n.　　相符，一致；有通信联系
（be in） correspondence with　　与……一致/有通信联系
（3）correspondent n.　　记者，通讯员
【佳句】 I have corresponded with him for some years， but I have
never met him in the flesh.
＝I have been in correspondence with him for some years， but I have
never met him in the flesh.
我已和他通信联系好几年了，但一直未与他本人见过面。
account for sth 是……的说明（或原因）； （数量上、比例上）占
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The increase in sales can be accounted by our effective
marketing strategy.
②We need to take the weather conditions account when planning
the event.
③On no account the importance of environmental
protection.
我们决不能忽视环境保护的重要性。
for　
into　
can we ignore　
【写美】 句式升级
④I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.
→I sincerely hope that you will
.
take my suggestions into
account/consideration　
【归纳】
on account of＝because of　　由于；因为
on no account＝in no way　决不（置于句首时时，句子用部分倒装）
take ...into account/consideration＝take account of　　考虑到……
【佳句】 The bad weather accounted for the low turnout at the outdoor
event.
恶劣的天气是户外活动出席人数少的原因。
【生义】 Women workers account for more than 50% in that company.
在那家公司，女性工人占比50%多。
动词-ing短语作结果状语
Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain
respect， allowing relationships to become more positive and
productive.
良好的沟通技巧也会帮助你建立信任，赢得尊重，让人际关系变得更
加积极和富有成效。
【写美】 完成句子
①（外研必修三）For these people， climbing Qomolangma is an
experience like no other，
.
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些
人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
making some feel weak and others，
powerful　
②（2025·怀化三模）Have you ever changed jobs or moved to an
unfamiliar city， how to connect
with new people？
你是否曾经换过工作或者搬到一个陌生的城市，结果却发现自己在思
考如何与新的人建立联系？
only to find yourself wondering　
【归纳】
（1）动词-ing形式（短语）作结果状语时，通常放在句子后面，表
示一种自然而然的、意料之中的结果。这种结构强调动作的连贯性
并且结果的产生是由前面的动作直接导致的。
（2）动词不定式（短语）作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果，常被
only修饰。
【佳句】 The game is simple to play， making it popular among
teenagers.
这种游戏玩起来简单，这让它在青少年中受欢迎。
【点津】 动词-ing形式（短语）作结果状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句
子的主语一致。如果不一致，则需要使用独立主格结构或者其他表达
方式。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. suit
A. n.套装 B. vt.适合 C. vt.满足需要
（1）The color scheme of the room suits the taste of the homeowner，
creating a warm and inviting atmosphere.
C　
（2）But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which
increased her weight to 180 pounds.

A　

（3）（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）According to this theory， people
approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media，
which are often not so serious， and devote less mental effort than
when they are reading print.
B　
2. 词义猜测
（1）So， don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless
it’s a truly serious one.You don’t need to apologize for a minor
slip.
（2）（2023·全国甲卷）It was a neighbor called Mario，coming to
bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.It was a very
nice gesture for him to make.
n.差错　
n.姿态；表示　
（3）I told him about the many activities in which I was involved.And I
went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.

（4）It was strange that the divorce was not contested.

（5）The study shows that someone allergic to milk is likely to react
badly to cheese.
（6）In all our products， I think， the accent is on quality of the
product.
n.好处　
v.就……提
出异议　
vi.过敏　
n.着重点　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. （人教选必三）In these poems the poet Tagore shows
a （sympathy）understanding of children’s feelings.
2. （2023·全国乙卷）Learning about the
（require） of each plant can be very rewarding.
3. Everyone in the family was grateful for their safe return and Onyx was
given an extra treat later in the afternoon for her quick and
brave （react）.
sympathetic　
requirements　
reaction　
4. In this course we will analyze many interesting aspects of the sports
industry： sports leagues， ticket pricing， salary
（negotiate）， discrimination， and NCAA policies to name a few.
5. They also interviewed people of various age groups to learn about
the （prefer） of a dragon mascot.
6. After the opening ceremony and some amazing performances， the
wrestling （competent） began.
7. Hardly had we arrived at the farm we began our picking
under the guidance of experienced owners.
negotiations　
preference　
competition　
when　
8. While we are in the canteen， it’s good manners to queue up for food
and we should never tolerate （waste） food.
9. Understand the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance， and you will
tend （find） it easy to learn Tang poetry.
wasting　
to find　
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. Traveling around the world is
（拓展你思维的绝佳方式） as you experience diverse cultures.
2. This type of dress （过时了）， so she intends to
buy a new one.
3. A good teacher should
（对各种学科都有见识）.
4. You should （慎重考虑） his
proposal.
an excellent way to broaden your
mind　
is out of style　
be knowledgeable about various subjects　
give serious consideration to　
5. We need to
（更深入地探讨交流这个话题） to solve the problem.
6. Don’t （忽视对方的
肢体语言） during the conversation.
7. You should adjust （相
应地调整你的沟通方式） when you notice the change of the situation.
look a little deeper into the topic of communication　
ignore the other person’s body language　
how you are communicating accordingly　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
邮 件——语言学习
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 正如其他语言学习一样，学习汉语也需要练习。（as）


As is always the case with other language learning， learning Chinese also
demands practice.
2. 背词汇表，阅读与汉语相关的书籍至关重要。（vocabulary；非谓
语动词）


It’s of great importance to memorize vocabulary and read books related
to Chinese.
3. 用汉语与当地人交流得越多，你就会说得越流利。（fluently； the
more ...the more ...）


The more you communicate with local people in Chinese， the more
fluently you will speak.
4. 看一些中文电影或电视节目来拓宽视野也是有帮助的。（broaden
one’s horizons）


It’s also helpful to watch some Chinese films or TV programs to broaden
your horizons.
5. 无论学习汉语有什么困难，都要坚持下去。（no matter what）


No matter what difficulty you have in learning Chinese， you must
persevere.
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
　　






　　 　As is always the case with other language learning， learning
Chinese also demands practice.Firstly， it’s of great importance to
memorize vocabulary and read books related to Chinese. Secondly， the
more you communicate with local people in Chinese， the more fluently
you will speak.Aside from that， it’s also helpful to watch some Chinese
films or TV programs to broaden your horizons.No matter what difficulty
you have in learning Chinese， you must persevere.　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮 词 情感描写：gentle；empathy→empathize；sympathy；embarrassed；tolerate；pessimistic；sincerely
动作描写：react；obtain；fold；gain；gesture；recite；slip
美 句 ①A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed， while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction.（场景描写）
②If someone looks at you with a confused expression， this could
indicate that they have not completely understood your point.
（心理描写）
③Seek to understand the other person’s emotions，by putting
yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their
perspective.（主旨升华）
修辞手法之“拟人”
自然景物拟人 The little stars in the night sky are blinking their eyes， as
if smiling at you.
夜空中的小星星眨着眼睛，似乎在对你微笑。
物体拟人 In the morning， the alarm clock kept calling me
loudly， and I quickly got up.
早晨，闹钟不停地大声呼唤着我，我赶紧起了床。
情境导语 一家人决定做爆米花来帮助伯纳德，接下来是他们做爆米
花的激动人心的时刻……
第一步　完成句子
1. 经过几次尝试，他们终于成功了，爆米花在锅里欢快地歌唱。
After several attempts， they finally made it，
.（with复合结构；拟人的修辞手法）
with the popcorn singing
happily in the pan　
2. 孩子们开心地跳着出去给伯纳德送可口的爆米花，美丽的花儿
在微笑。
The children danced out happily/joyfully to send the tasty popcorn to
Bernard and .（拟人的修辞手法）
3. 他的母亲站在门口， 喜极而泣。
His mother， ， wept for joy.（非谓语动
词作状语）
4. 孩子们开心地笑着，像鸟儿一样在院子里蹦蹦跳跳。
The children laughed happily， and .
（比喻的修辞手法）
beautiful flowers were smiling　
standing at the door　
skipped in the yard like birds　
5. 天上出现闪闪的繁星，高兴地向他们眨眼睛。
Stars appeared in the sky，
.（拟人的修辞手法）
twinkling their eyes at them with
happiness　
第二步　连句成文
　　




　　

　　 　After several attempts， they finally made it， with the popcorn
singing happily in the pan.The children danced out happily/joyfully to
send the tasty popcorn to Bernard and beautiful flowers were smiling.His
mother， standing at the door， wept for joy.The children laughed
happily， and skipped in the yard like birds.　
　　 　Stars appeared in the sky， twinkling their eyes at them with
happiness.　
4
素养·培育落实
真题剖析，深度探究
　　（2022·全国甲卷）Sometime in the early 1960s， a
significant thing happened in Sydney， Australia.The city
discovered its harbor.Then， one after another， Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks， superb beaches， and a culturally diverse population.But it is the harbor that makes the city.
　　Andrew Reynolds， a cheerful fellow in his early 30s， pilots
Sydney ferryboats for a living.I spent the whole morning shuttling back
and forth across the harbor.After our third run Andrew shut down the
engine， and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break， I to
explore the city.
　　“I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
　　“How do you mean？” I asked.
　　“Oh， they’re replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans are
faster， but they’re not so elegant， and they’re not fun to pilot.But
that’s progress， I guess.”
　　Everywhere in Sydney these days， change and progress are the
watchwords （口号）， and traditions are increasingly rare.Shirley
Fitzgerald， the city’s official historian， told me that in its rush to
modernity in the 1970s， Sydney swept aside much of its past， including
many of its finest buildings.“Sydney is confused about itself，” she
said.“We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern
city or a traditional one.It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better
at resolving （解决）.”
　　On the other hand， being young and old at the same time has its
attractions.I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman
named Anthony.“Many people say that we lack culture in this
country，” he told me.“What people forget is that the Italians， when
they came to Australia， brought 2000 years of their culture， the Greeks
some 3000 years， and the Chinese more still.We’ve got a foundation
built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young
country.It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
　　He is right， but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old
ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. Sydney’s striking architecture.
B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development.
D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第一段中的a significant thing happened in
Sydney ...But it is the harbor that makes the city.可知，本段主要讲述
了悉尼发展过程中的关键因素。
√
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds？（　　）
A. He goes to work by boat.
B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well.
D. He is attached to the old ferries.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的I’ll miss these old boats和第
五段中的Catamarans are faster ...they’re not fun to pilot.可推知，
Andrew Reynolds很喜欢这些旧渡船。
√
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney？（　　）
A. It is losing its traditions.
B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population.
D. It is becoming more international.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第六段中的Sydney swept aside much of
its past， including many of its finest ...we want a modern city or a
traditional one.可知，Shirley Fitzgerald觉得悉尼在发展过程中丢弃了
太多传统，以至于现在定位有点模糊。
√
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with？（　　）
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后两段中的being young and old at the
same time has its attractions及I can’t help wishing they would keep those
old ferries可知，作者认为新旧交融自有其魅力，希望悉尼能够保留那
些旧渡船，因此作者很可能认同A项（一个城市可以新旧交融在一起）。
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. significant adj. 重要的；意义重大的
2. harbor n. 海港
3. diverse adj. 形形色色的；不同的
4. population n. 人口；人口数量；种群
5. elegant adj. 高雅的；优美的
6. conflict n. 冲突；争执；矛盾
7. consider v. 考虑；认为
8. ferryboat n. 渡船（课标外词汇）
9. shuttle v. 频繁往来；往返运送（课标外词汇）
10. dynamism n. 活力；精力（课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积主题词块
1. sort of 有几分（表示某种程度）
2. shuttle back and forth 来回穿梭
3. sweep aside 不予理睬
4. be confused about 对……感到困惑
5. make up one’s mind 下定决心
6. at the same time 与此同时
7. can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事
（三）由文本知变式运用
1. 学习构词（派生词/合成词）
（1）modernity n.现代性[modern （adj.）＋后缀-ity]
（2）thoughtful adj.体贴的；沉思的[thought （n.）＋后缀-ful]
（3）foundation n.基础；地基；根据[found （v.）＋后缀-ation]
（4）combination n.结合（体）；联合（体）[combine （v.）去e＋
后缀-ation]
（5）businessman 商人；企业家；商界人士[business（n.）＋man
（n.）]
2. 近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）different＝ （第一段）
（2）take the place of＝ （第五段）
diverse　
replace　
3. 熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）pilot [熟义] n.飞行员；驾驶员；领航员
→[生义] v. （第二段第一句）
（2）run [熟义] v.跑；奔跑
→[生义] n. （第二段第三句）
（3）part [熟义] n.部分，零件，角色
→[生义] v. 第三段）
（4）drive [熟义] v.驾驶；开车
→[生义] n. （第七段倒数第二句）
领航；驾驶　
行程；旅程；航程　
分别；离开（　
冲劲；干劲　
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
Shirley Fitzgerald， the city’s official historian， told me that in its rush
to modernity in the 1970s， （悉
尼对它的很多历史都置之不理）， including many of its finest
buildings.（拟人的修辞手法）
Sydney swept aside much of its past　
（五）由文本探析长难句
　What people forget is that the Italians， when they came to Australia，
brought 2000 years of their culture， the Greeks some 3000 years， and
the Chinese more still.
分析：本句中 What 引导的是 从句；is 是系动词；that 引导
的是 从句，从句中的 when 引导 从句。
译文：


主语　
表语　
时间状语　
人们忘记的是，当意大利人来到澳大利亚时，带来了他们
2000 年的文化，希腊人带来了3000年的文化，而中国人则带来了更加
悠久的文化。　
5
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·兴化中学综合演练）When Mark Twain visited Florence in
1867， he dutifully visited the city’s museums， churches， and
tombs.But as he stood by the Arno， he began to sense the Italians’
insistence that it was a river， not a stream.“They all call it a river， and
they honestly think it is a river， do these dark and bloody
Florentines，” he complained.“I might enter Florence under happier
circumstances a month hence and find it all beautiful， all attractive.But I
do not care to think of it now， at all.”
　　It’s normal to feel uncomfortable outside your home
culture.Feelings of discomfort， dislocation， and overload among
travelers are referred to by many as “culture shock”. But Susan
Goldstein， a professor at the University of Redlands says，“ Though
the term has existed for many years， ‘Culture shock’ implies a
dramatic， unexpected， negative event.Though many travelers will
experience such challenges， a real sense of ‘shock’ is untypical.So
untypical that many researchers no longer use the term.”
　　It was the vivid description of culture shock by Canadian researcher
Oberg， written in 1960 in response to his own multicultural
experiences， that won over audiences.The researcher spoke of the
adjustment process as “an occupational disease of people who have
suddenly been transplanted abroad” — a “disease” that progressed
from a honeymoon phase， through rejecting the new environment， to
finally adjusting fully to it.By the 1970s many researchers adopted the
idea that， like physical illnesses， culture shock progressed through a
remarkably consistent and universal set of stages.
　　Modern research， however， suggests that the experiences of
adaptation are individual， not universal.“People will have their ups and
downs， but for the most part， they will become increasingly
comfortable and competent over time，” Goldstein says.And while
many connect the causes of culture shock to the host culture itself， an
individual’s internal expectations and differences are just as important.
　　As for Mark Twain， the moody author was able to ride out his
feelings of upset and dislocation while traveling.He eventually finished
out his European tour — and in his best-selling travel memoir （回忆
录） — The Innocents Abroad famously remarked that travel is “fatal to
prejudice and narrow-mindedness”.With the right attitude — and the
willingness to seek help if you need it — it’s more than likely that you，
too， can adapt and grow in new settings， building new memories and
toughness — with each new stamp in your passport.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了“文化冲击”的概
念、人们对异国他乡适应过程的理解以及通过旅行获得成长和新体
验的可能性。
1. How did Mark Twain feel about Italians’ insistence？（　　）
A. Annoyed. B. Calm.
C. Uninterested. D. Curious.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了“文化冲击”的概
念、人们对异国他乡适应过程的理解以及通过旅行获得成长和新体
验的可能性。
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段中Mark Twain的抱怨可知，Mark
Twain对意大利人的坚持是生气的。
2. What can be inferred about culture shock？（　　）
A. It would lead to physical diseases.
B. It was regarded as an avoidable thing.
C. It was named for people’s adjustment.
D. It had gained wide acceptance by the 1970s.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中的By the 1970s many researchers
adopted the idea that， like physical illnesses， culture shock progressed
through a remarkably consistent and universal set of stages.可知，到20世
纪70年代，文化冲击得到了广泛的接受。
√
3. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？（　　）
A. Suggestions about culture shock.
B. A change in understanding culture shock.
C. Stress of the importance of culture shock.
D. A criticism of previous idea of culture shock.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第四段中People will have ...competent
over time可知，第四段的主要内容是对文化冲击理解的改变。
√
4. Why is Mark Twain mentioned in the last paragraph？（　　）
A. To remember him.
B. To inform and anticipate.
C. To conclude and encourage.
D. To make the ending humorous.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，最后一段提到
Mark Twain的目的是总结全文，鼓励读者采取正确的态度。
√
B
　　In my whole life I was frightened by doctors.So when I recently launched a series of writing and publishing courses， I was shocked to find among my students several physicians，the same profession as my father.And they all wanted to be writers.Whenever someone mentioned their medical background， I’d think I had to call Dad to tell him，but I couldn’t.
　　Raised up in a big Michigan family with three brilliant loud science brain brothers，I’d always felt left out by their Disease Game at dinner，where Dad threw out cases for them to diagnose.Our house was their laboratory.I was frequently scared by bees in jars in the refrigerator and pet rats.
　　Getting to study medicine was always Dad’s dream，so he
encouraged the boys to follow in his footsteps.But I never truly settled
down， chasing my dream for literary here and there.My father opposed
my liberalism.I was overjoyed when Random House published my
humorous memoirs about my past addictions.My father wasn’t so
joyful.“You’re bringing disgrace on our family，” he snapped.
　　At 87， when my father was admitted to hospital with heart and
kidney failure，we had a rare afternoon alone.Sitting by his bed，I
apologized for taking so long to figure out my life.
　　“I have a lot of regrets，” he said.“It took me too long to make a
decent living， jobs because of my bullheadedness and
big mouth.”
　　I was nervous when his physician Olaf emailed me， but it wasn’t
bad news.“Your dad says you’re a professor who helps people
publish.Could you help me？” he asked.
　　“What did you tell Olaf about me？” I questioned Dad that night，
still surprised.
　　“That you stuck to your guns and became a success，” he said.
screwing up　
　　“Why didn’t you ever tell me that？”
　　“I’m telling you now，” he said.He was pleased when I helped
Olaf publish his first magazine piece.
　　I wish Dad were here so I could share the latest stories of my
physician students.But I lost him four years ago.In a way，he still is
here，as I channel everything he taught me about hard work， and never
giving up doing what you love.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲期待孩子们都去学医，
但是作者坚持追求写作梦，到处漂泊。在经历一番后，作者终于理
解了爸爸对他的爱以及爸爸教给他的努力工作、坚持梦想不放弃的
道理。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲期待孩子们都去学医，
但是作者坚持追求写作梦，到处漂泊。在经历一番后，作者终于理
解了爸爸对他的爱以及爸爸教给他的努力工作、坚持梦想不放弃的
道理。
5. What do we know about the author’s brothers？（　　）
A. They used to make loud noise.
B. They were addicted to playing games.
C. They were interested in medicine.
D. They distanced the author on purpose.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者的哥哥们对医学
感兴趣。
√
6. What do the underlined words “screwing up” in Paragraph 5
probably mean？（　　）
A. Taking over. B. Focusing on.
C. Contributing to. D. Messing up.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，作者的爸爸有很多遗
憾，之前花了太长时间才过上体面的生活，因为他的固执和大嘴巴而
把工作搞砸了。由此可知，画线词是贬义词，与D项意思相近。
√
7. Why did Dad recommend the author to Olaf？（　　）
A. To help Olaf publish articles.
B. To discuss his physical condition.
C. To promote the author’s courses.
D. To share the author’s memoirs.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第六段中的Your dad says you’re a
professor who helps people publish.Could you help me？可知，负责爸
爸的医生给作者发邮件，想要作者帮助他发表文章。所以作者的爸爸
推荐作者的原因就是希望作者帮助该医生发表文章。
√
8. Which of the following can best describe the author’s dad？（　　）
A. Enthusiastic but dishonest.
B. Modest but demanding.
C. Conservative but loving.
D. Helpful but selfish.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段和最后一段内容可知，作者的爸
爸刚开始希望子承父业，反对作者的自由主义，说明他是保守的；但
是他在某种程度上一直鼓励作者追求梦想不放弃，由此可知，他对孩
子们又是充满爱的。
√
Ⅱ.应用文写作
　　（2025·徐州名校联考）假定你在某英语学习网站上看到一个话
题为My Plan for a Meaningful Summer Vacation的帖子，请你写一篇英
语短文跟帖，内容包括：
　　（1）你的暑假安排；
　　（2）说明你的理由。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
My Plan for a Meaningful Summer Vacation
　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
参考范文：
My Plan for a Meaningful Summer Vacation
　　As a high school senior， I think this summer vacation is
special.I’ve planned it focusing on personal growth and exploration.
　　I have decided to work part-time at a bookstore.This experience will
not only help me develop a sense of responsibility but allow me to save up
for a language course.Being surrounded by books is an added bonus as
I’m a book lover.Additionally， I’m determined to learn
Arabic.Understanding another language opens doors to different cultures
and perspectives， which I find incredibly valuable.
　　I’m sure this combination of work and learning will make for a both productive and meaningful summer.
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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