资源简介

Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　Tired of the noisy life in the city， I submitted my resignation， and decided to return to nature like Tao Yuanming. Enjoying the absorbing scenery， I felt at ease.Suddenly a wave of guilt swept over me. If only the whole planet were in an excellent state of preservation！ 微技能热身 1.①处为动词-ing短语作　　　　　　。 2.②处a wave of意为“　　　”。 3.句③中使用了　　　　　　。
be tired of对……厌烦/厌倦
【练通】 完成句子
①I 　　　　　　　　　（厌烦） hearing the same excuses from my friend.Every time we make plans， she cancels at the last minute.
【写美】 微写作
②在帮助社区组织活动后，他感到筋疲力尽，但很开心。
After helping to organise the community event，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（活动介绍）
【归纳】
be tired with/from　　　因为……而疲倦
tire sb/oneself out 使某人感到筋疲力尽
be tired out 筋疲力尽
【佳句】 The long hike through the mountains tired us out completely. （动作描写）
长时间的山地徒步让我们完全筋疲力尽。
【联想】 be tired of的同义短语还有：
①be sick of　　　　②be fed up with
submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递；屈服，使服从
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The name， address， and telephone number of the cartoonist must be included in the 　　　　　　（submit）.
【写美】 微写作
②几周后，莉莉兴奋地将她的最终作品提交给她的老师。
A few weeks later， Lily was excited to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（动作描写）
【归纳】
（1）submit sth to sb　　将某物提交给某人
submit （oneself） to 屈从于……
（2）submission n. 提交（物）；呈递（书）；屈服
【佳句】 David wiped his tears and held his head high， remarking determinedly，“I won’t submit myself to others’ thoughts.” （语言、动作描写）
大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。”
absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I read her last novel and found it very 　　　　　　（absorb）.
②Tom was so absorbed 　　　　his work that he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
③At that time，he absorbed 　　　　　　（he） in research to work out the problem.
【写美】 句型转换
④　　　　　　　　　　　　， Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting. （用分词短语作状语改写句②）
【归纳】
（1）absorb vt.　　　　　 理解；使并入；掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力
absorb ...from ... 从……中吸收……
absorb oneself in ... 全神贯注于……
absorb ...into ... 把……吸收进……；把……并入
（2）absorbed adj. 被……吸引住的
（be） absorbed in ... 全神贯注于……
【佳句】 However， I was so absorbed in the plot of the movie that I forgot the time.（动作描写）
然而，我全神贯注于电影的情节以至于忘记了时间。
ease n.轻易，毫不费劲；安逸；舒适 vt.减轻（痛苦、忧虑）
【练通】 完成句子
①His friends 　　　　　　　　　　　　（减轻他的忧虑） by offering advice and being there to listen.
【写美】 微写作
②当看到朋友在机场等她时，她立刻感到放松。
When she saw her friend waiting at the airport， it immediately 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（动作描写）
【归纳】
（1）with ease　　　　　　 容易地；不费力地
at ease 舒适；悠闲；自在
put/set sb at ease 使某人放松/自在
（2）ease sb of ... 减轻某人的……
【佳句】 Through the Internet，we can obtain a large quantity of learning materials with ease. （发言稿）
我们可以通过互联网轻松地获得大量学习资料。
sweep n.挥动；打扫vt.& vi.扫，打扫；卷走；猛烈吹过，掠过；突然袭来；扫视；迅速传播
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Every time I stand on this mountain， a feeling of peace sweeps 　　　　　　me.
②It’s essential to sweep 　　　　the fireplace regularly to prevent ash building up.
【写美】 微写作
③我被音乐迷住了，似乎烦恼都被席卷而去。
I was so attracted by the music that it seemed to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
（神情、动作描写）
【归纳】
sweep away　　　 席卷；冲走；扫荡一空
sweep out 清除，扫掉
sweep up 打扫，清扫
sweep over 突然袭来
sweep aside 把……移到一边；不理会
【佳句】 Just as we sweep our rooms， we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.（演讲稿）
正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的想法。
preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The vase 　　　　　　　　　　（preserve） intact since the Ming Dynasty.
【写美】 微写作
②成立协会是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
The society was set up to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. （环境保护）
【归纳】
（1）a preservation group/society 保护团体/协会
（2）preserve vt.　　　　　　 保存；维护
preserve ...from ... 保护……以免……
【佳句】 The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation. （事物介绍）
这些绘画保存得非常好。
　　 We humans have been taking it for granted that we can take what we like from nature.To our great comfort， nature always met our needs in the past.However， not only did human activities do harm to nature， but they also did great harm to human beings.Evidently， there are more and more natural disasters nowadays.We are increasingly finding ourselves failing 　　　　　　 （fight） against natural disasters.It is time that human beings 　　　　　　 （take） effective measures to make up for what we have done.Only by living harmoniously with nature can we build a community with a shared future for mankind. 微技能热身 1.句①中that引导　　　　从句；what引导　　　　从句。 2.②处应填 　　　　。 3.③处应填　　　　　　　　，本句中使用了　　　　　　。
comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n.舒适感，满足感
【练通】 单句语法填空
①My ambition is to live 　　　　　（comfort） in the suburbs of the city in the future.
【写美】 微写作
②屋内，我们舒适地靠在壁炉旁休息，享受着温暖与宁静。柔软的沙发和舒适的毯子让我们感到放松。
Inside， we rested 　　　　　　　　　　　by the fireplace， enjoying the warmth and quiet.The soft couch and cozy blankets made us feel relaxed. （动作描写）
③看到我对这一幕感到不舒服，父亲站了起来，走近我，把我抱在怀里，用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。 （场景描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，my father rose to his feet，approached me and gathered me into his arms，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【归纳】
（1）be a comfort to sb　　　 对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort＝comfortably 舒适地
to one’s comfort 令人宽慰的是
（2）comfort sb with sth 用某物安慰某人
（3）comfortable adj. 舒适的；舒服的
comfortably adv. 舒服地
【佳句】 As my car neared it， my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web.I rushed back to the deserted house.It was a great comfort to me that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. （动作、神情描写）
当我的车靠近时，我的思绪回到了从蜘蛛网中救出蜂鸟的那一刻。我匆忙回到了那座无人的房子。窗户上原来的洞已经不见了，对我来说是个安慰。
句型公式：否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 I couldn’t say where I was， nor could I imagine.我说不出我在哪里，我也无法想象。
【写美】 微写作
①直到我们到达山顶时，我才真正欣赏到美景。徒步旅行很漫长，很累，但美丽的风景让一切都值得。
Not until we reached the top of the mountain 　　　　　　　　　　　　the view.The hike was long and tiring， but the beautiful scenery made it all worth it.（环境描写）
②她刚开始做作业，电话就响了。是她最好的朋友跟她谈论周末的计划。
Hardly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　when her phone rang.It was her best friend calling to talk about the plans for the weekend. （动作描写）
【归纳】
never， seldom， by no means， not until， rarely， hardly， at no time， scarcely， little， in no way 等表示否定或半否定的词置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。
【佳句】 At no time did he give up on his dream of becoming a basketball player.Even though he faced many challenges， he continued to practice every day.His determination paid off when he was selected for the school team. （人物描写）
他从未放弃过成为篮球运动员的梦想。尽管面临许多挑战，他仍然每天坚持练习。当被选入校队时，他的决心得到了回报。
forgive vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Forgive me 　　　　having taken up so much of your time， and accept my best wishes for you.
【写美】 微写作
②我永远不会原谅自己在你处于危险时没有帮助你。
　　　　　　　　　　 for failing to help you when you were in danger. （心理描写）
【归纳】
（1）forgive sb sth　　　　　 原谅某人某事
forgive one’s doing sth 原谅某人做了某事
forgive sb/oneself for （doing） sth原谅某人（做了）某事
（2）forgiveness n. 宽恕，原谅
【佳句】 He made an apology to his father， begging his father to forgive him for his bad behaviour.（动作描写）
他向父亲道歉，请求父亲原谅他的恶劣行为。
evidently adv.明显地，显然
【练通】 单句语法填空
①　　　　 （evident）， the policy was a success.
②There is convincing 　　　　　（evident） that listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.
【写美】 句型转换
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （用it作形式主语改写句①）
【归纳】
（1）evident adj.　　　　　　 明显的；明白的
It is/was evident that ...＝Evidently ... 显然……
（2）evidence n. 证据；证明
【佳句】 She walked slowly down the road， evidently in serious pain. （人物描写）
她沿路慢慢地走着，显然十分痛苦。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.sweep
A.打扫　　　　　　　B.卷走，冲走
C.彻底消除 D.大获全胜；横扫
（1）He helplessly watched the wave sweep his cap away. 　　　　　
（2）He was the only man to sweep the diving gold medals in two consecutive Olympics. 　　　　　
（3）The boy helped his mother sweep away the dirt on the floor. 　　　　　
（4）We need to sweep away all obstacles on our roads to success. 　　　　　
2.solid
A.固体的　　　　　　 B.坚硬的，稳固的
C.实心的 D.可靠的
（1）In fact， it was originally a solid ball. 　　　　　
（2）Ice is water in a solid state.　　　　　
（3）All these have laid a solid political foundation for national unity. 　　　　　
（4）You should present solid evidence to prove your point. 　　　　　
3.slip
A.vi.滑倒，滑落　　 B.vi.悄悄疾行，溜走
C.vi.下降，退步 D.vt.迅速放置，悄悄塞进
E.n.差错，疏漏 F.n.纸条，便条
G.vi.忘记
（1）You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip. 　　　　　
（2）（2022·全国乙卷）When the sun slipped behind the mountains， it shed a rosy glow all around them. 　　　　　
（3）Addicted to playing computer games， the boy’s marks at school slipped sharply. 　　　　　
（4）（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）When he looked down，he accidentally slipped and fell over the edge. 　　　　　
（5）I managed to slip a few jokes into my speech. 　　　　　
（6）I wrote it down on a slip of paper in case I forgot. 　　　　　
（7）（2022·全国乙卷）Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. 　　　　　
4.absorb
A.吸收　　　　　　　B.理解，掌握
C.吸引，使专心 D.吞并
（1）One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year. 　　　　　
（2）In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.　　　　　
（3）That country had absorbed the small states into her empire. 　　　　　
（4）（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）Adults are portrayed （描绘） alone in many settings and poses — absorbed in a volume， deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.　　　　　
5.词义猜测
（1）Dark clouds blanketed the summit of the mountain. 　　　　　
（2）The river wanders through some beautiful countries.　　　　　
（3）Mr Smith is not available now，for he’s just gone to fetch the kids from school. 　　　　　
（4）Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about.　　　　　
（5）You rarely see boats on this stretch of the river because the current is very fast. 　　　　　
（6）Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. 　　　　　
（7）（2023·1月浙江卷）Sitting on a branch，he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. 　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实 ——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
一、单句语法填空
1.The debate was very 　　　　　　　　（stimulate）， with students exchanging brilliant ideas.
2.The game we played in class today was really 　　　　　　（absorb）.Everyone was so focused.
3.The teacher spent the morning 　　　　　（scan） our test papers to check for any mistakes.
4.We had to be careful while driving because the roads were 　　　　　　（ice） after the storm.
5.She 　　　　　　（stare） out of the window， lost in thought as the rain poured down.
6.The dog 　　　　　　（fetch） the ball I threw and brought it back to me， wagging its tail excitedly.
7.After walking in the snow for hours， my fingers felt 　　　　　　（freeze）.I couldn’t wait to get inside and warm up by the fireplace.
8.His 　　　　　　（continue） effort led to great results.He was able to improve his grades significantly by staying focused and working hard every day.
9.The city lights 　　　　　　　　（twinkle） in the distance as we drove home.The view was beautiful， and it made the long drive more enjoyable.
10.The road 　　　　　　（stretch） out in front of us for miles， disappearing into the horizon.
11.While walking through the park， I kept 　　　　　　（glance） at the beautiful flowers.
12.In a moment of 　　　　　　（desperate）， she called her friend for help.
13.She quickly 　　　　　　（grab） her backpack and ran out the door， realizing she was late for school.
14.The lifeguard spotted someone 　　　　　（drown） and immediately blew his whistle.
15.　　　　　　 （evident）， she had forgotten to set her alarm because she overslept.
二、完成句子
1.The weather 　　　　　　　　　　（如此寒冷） we couldn’t stay outside for more than five minutes.
2.As the bus pulled away， I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（向我的朋友们挥手告别）.It was sad to leave， but I knew I’d see them again soon.
3.The doctor’s reassuring words 　　　　　　　　　（减轻了他的恐惧） about the surgery.
4.We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（在森林里漫步）， enjoying the fresh air and peaceful surroundings.
5.It 　　　　　　　　　　（我突然意识到） I hadn’t called my friend in weeks.I quickly grabbed my phone and sent her a message to catch up.
6.Our school library 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（正在建设中）， so we have to use the temporary library in the gym.
7.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　（大声欢呼） when his team won the game.His excitement was obvious， and everyone around him started celebrating， too.
8.Even though he broke my favorite toy， 　　　　　　　　　　（我原谅了他） because it was an accident.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
申请信——成为志愿者
　　假定你是李华，打算申请成为一名志愿者，请你根据下面提示写一封申请信。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.我长期以来一直渴望成为一名志愿者，对于这份工作，我有一些优势。（long to do）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.我说英语如此流利，以至于我可以自由地和外国人交流。（so ...that ...）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.虽然我没有经验，但我愿意认真向其他志愿者学习，并认真对待工作。 （倒装句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.我和其他人相处得很好。我没有和老师发生过冲突，也没有和同学们争吵过。（nor引起的部分倒装）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.您能好心考虑一下我的申请吗？（so ...as to ...）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Sir/Madam，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：romance， dramatic， contradictory， logic， disbelief， glee， gay， pensive， bliss， violent， desperation， sink， unconscious， blank， sprightly
环境描写：absorbing， icy， vine， frozen， breeze， bay， sparkling， daybreak
动作描写：submit， stare， sail， slip， inch， wander， sweep， flutter， twinkle， glance， gaze， grab， drown
美句 ①In November，a cold，unseen stranger，whom the doctors called Pneumonia，arrived in Greenwich Village. （拟人） ②...she lay， barely moving， in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket. （动作描写） ③What’s more， a cold rain was falling， mixed with snow. （环境描写） ④Didn’t you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew？ （反问句）
动作描写之“脚”之动作
词汇 美句
①get/leap to one’s feet 直起身来/跳起来 ②jump/rise to one’s feet 跳起来/站起来 ③drag one’s feet 拖着脚步 ④tap/stamp one’s feet 跺脚 ⑤put one’s feet up 休息放松 ⑥in bare feet 光着脚 ⑦plant one’s feet firmly to the ground 双脚钉在地上 ⑧walk barefoot 赤脚行走 ①I woke up really early and tiptoed to the kitchen.（动作描写） 我醒得很早，踮着脚尖走向厨房。 ②My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.（动作描写） 当我们拖着沉重的脚步下山回家时，我肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。 ③So annoyed were we that we tapped/stamped our feet in anger，thinking about what to do with the situation. （动作描写） 我们非常恼火，愤怒地跺着脚，思考着该如何处理这种情况。
情境导语 故事中女孩很不情愿地回家……
第一步　完成句子
1.她正跷着脚看电视，这时她父母让她回家。 （动作描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 her parents asked her to return home.
2.当听到这个消息时，她跳了起来。（动作描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when she heard the news.
3.一开始她双脚钉在地上，不肯动。（动作描写）
At first， she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.她爸爸不耐烦地跺着脚。 （动作描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.他们生气地把她拖出宾馆，她的脚乱踢。 （with复合结构）
They carried her out of the hotel angrily， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
6.她磨磨蹭蹭很不情愿地跟随父母回了家。 （动作描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.一到家她就脱下鞋子，光着脚飞快地跑到自己卧室。 （形容词作状语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 8　LITERATURE
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.伴随状语　2.一阵　3.虚拟语气
1.①am tired of　②he was tired out but happy
2.①submission　②submit her final piece to her teacher
3.①absorbing　②in　③himself　④Absorbed in his work
4.①eased him of his worries　②put/set her at ease
5.①over　②out　③sweep away my worries
6.①has been preserved　②preserve endangered species from extinction
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.宾语　宾语　2.to fight
3.took/should take　虚拟语气
7.①comfortably　②in comfort/comfortably
③Seeing I was uncomfortable with the scene； gently comforting me with inspiring words
8.①did I truly appreciate　②had she started her homework
9.①for　②I shall never forgive myself
10.①Evidently　②evidence　③It was evident that the policy was a success.
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）B　（2）D　（3）A　（4）C　2.（1）C　（2）A　（3）B　（4）D
3.（1）E　（2）B　（3）C　（4）A　（5）D　（6）F　（7）G
4.（1）A　（2）B　（3）D　（4）C
5.（1）vt.覆盖　（2）vi.蜿蜒　（3）vt.去接（某人）　（4）adj.茫然的；不理解的　（5）n.一段；一片　（6）n.水槽
（7）vi.缓慢移动
维度二
一、1.stimulating　2.absorbing　3.scanning　4.icy
5.stared　6.fetched　7.frozen　8.continuous
9.were twinkling　10.stretched　11.glancing　12.desperation
13.grabbed　14.drowning　15.Evidently
二、1.was so cold that
2.waved a good-bye to my friends
3.eased him of his fear（s）　4.wandered through the forest
5.struck me that　6.is under construction　
7.uttered a loud cheer　8.I forgave him
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.I have been longing to be a volunteer for a long time， and I have some advantages for the position.
2.I speak English so fluently that I can communicate with foreigners freely.
3.Inexperienced though I am， I’m willing to learn from other volunteers carefully and treat the work seriously.
4.I get along well with others.I haven’t had conflicts with teachers， nor have I quarreled with my classmates.
5.Will you be so kind as to consider my application？
第二步
Dear Sir/Madam，
　　I have been longing to be a volunteer for a long time， and I have some advantages for the position.
　　Firstly， I speak English so fluently that I can communicate with foreigners freely.In addition， inexperienced though I am， I’m willing to learn from other volunteers carefully and treat the work seriously.Last but not least， I get along well with others.I haven’t had conflicts with teachers， nor have I quarreled with my classmates.
　　Will you be so kind as to consider my application？
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.She was putting her feet up and watching TV when
2.She jumped to her feet
3.planted her feet firmly on the ground and refused to move
4.Her father tapped/stamped his feet impatiently.
5.with her feet kicking
6.She dragged her feet as she unwillingly followed her parents home.
7.On arriving home， she pulled off her shoes and dashed into her bedroom， barefoot and fast.
第二步
　　She was putting her feet up and watching TV when her parents asked her to return home.However， she jumped to her feet when she heard the news.At first， she planted her feet firmly on the ground and refused to move.Her father tapped/stamped his feet impatiently.They carried her out of the hotel angrily， with her feet kicking.She dragged her feet as she unwillingly followed her parents home.On arriving home， she pulled off her shoes and dashed into her bedroom， barefoot and fast.
5 / 9(共109张PPT)
UNIT 8　LITERATURE
高中总复习·英语 (北师大版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. recite a poem 背诵一首诗
2. a woolen blanket 一条羊毛毯子
3. fetch water 去打水
4. a fellow student 一位同学
5. winter clothing 冬季服装
6. wander aimlessly 无目的地闲逛
7. gentle breeze 微风
8. gaze at the stars 凝视星空
9. sink a ship 沉没一艘船
10. drown a rat 淹死一只老鼠
11. bounce a ball 弹起一个球
12. a cotton handkerchief 一块棉手帕
13. a noble cause 一项崇高的事业
14. folk music民间音乐
15. submit your article提交你的文章
16. the logic of our language我们语言的逻辑性
17. stare at sb’s feet盯着某人的脚
18. butterflies fluttering in my stomach
我心里忐忑不安
19. twinkle one’s eyes with curiosity
好奇地眨着眼睛
20. sparkle like diamonds像钻石一样闪闪发光
21. grab the attention of the teacher吸引老师的注意
22. a young scholar一位年轻的学者
23. climb over the fence翻过栅栏
24. sweep vt.& vi.打扫；扫去；卷走，冲走
①sweep the floor 扫地
②sweep away the house打扫房屋
25. strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸
n.罢工；打击
①strike a match 划火柴
②strike against the wall 撞击墙壁
③strike with illness 突然生病
④the emotional strike 情感打击
26. stretch vi.& vt.延伸，绵延；（使）变大；（使）变松；拉长
①stretch into the distance 向远处延伸
②stretch one’s legs 伸展腿部
③stretch a rubber band 拉长橡皮筋
27. wave n.海浪，波涛；（行为、活动或感情的）一阵，风潮 vi.& vt.挥
动，摆动；挥手
①the ocean wave 海浪
②a wave of enthusiasm 热情的风潮
③wave one’s arms 挥动手臂
语境记忆
28. aside adv.到旁边，在旁边
Laying the paper aside， I went to find my violin.And I dialed the number.　
（动作描写）
我把纸放在一边，去找我的小提琴，然后拨了电话号码。
29. nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此
The weather was terrible； nevertheless， I still had to go out.　（环
境描写）
天气非常糟糕，然而，我仍然不得不出门。
30. aboard prep.& adv.在（船，飞机，火车）上；上（船，飞机，火车）
When they were aboard the plane， the flight attendant gave them some
instructions.　（动作描写）
当他们登上飞机时，空乘人员给了他们一些指示。
31. structure n.结构，构造；建筑物，结构体；blank adj.空白的 n.（纸张
上的）空白处，空格
Always leave a blank at the beginning of the draft to note down the structure of
your mind map.　（建议信）
总是在草稿的开头留一处空白，以记下你的思维导图结构。
32. sail vi.& vt.飘；（乘船）航行；daybreak n.黎明，破晓
We decided to sail at daybreak to catch the attractive sunrise over the ocean
horizon.　（动作、环境描写）
我们决定在黎明时分启航，去观看海平线上迷人的日出。
33. glance n.一瞥，很快的一看 vi.一瞥，看一眼；slip vi.溜走，悄悄地
走；滑倒；chest n.胸部，胸膛
At a glance， she noticed a letter slip from his chest pocket.　（动作、神情
描写）
她瞥了一眼，注意到一封信从他的胸前口袋滑落。
34. toss vi.& vt.甩头；扔，掷，抛；solid adj.固体的；坚硬的；utter vt.
（尤指吃力地）发出（声音）
He tossed the solid disc flying and then he uttered a loud shout as it soared
through the air.
他把坚硬的圆盘抛向空中，当它在空中飞翔时，他发出一声大喊。　（动
作描写）
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. fiction n.小说；虚构的事
2. fable n.寓言
3. genre n.（艺术、写作、音乐等的）类型，体裁
4. romance n.爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情
5. detective n.侦探，警探
6. subjective adj.主观的；主语的
7. contradictory adj.矛盾的；抵触的
8. riddle n.迷，谜语；谜团
9. rhyme n.押韵
10. tone n.（说话的）语气，口气，腔调；（尤指乐器或说话的）音调，
音色，音质
11. setting n.（书、影片等中情节发生的）背景；环境
12. era n.时代，年代
13. shelf n.搁板，架子
14. scan vt.（用电磁波等）扫描
15. unseen adj.未受注意的；未被看见的
16. pneumonia n.肺炎
17. backwards adv.倒着，朝反方向；向后
18. ivy n.常春藤
19. vine n.葡萄属植物；葡萄藤
20. nonsense n.胡说，废话；荒谬的想法（看法）
21. curtain n.窗帘；门帘；帘子
22. janitor n.（学校或大楼的）看门人，门房，管理员
23. inch n.英寸
24. queer adj.奇怪的，难以解释的
25. harness n.（马的）挽具，马具
26. downy adj.被绒毛覆盖的；充满绒毛的
27. daffodil n.水仙（花），黄水仙
28. vale n.谷；山谷
29. margin n.（尤指地域或水域的）边缘，边隅；页边的空白，页边
30. bay n.湾，海湾
31. sprightly adj.活跃的，充满活力的
32. glee n.高兴，兴奋；幸灾乐祸
33. gay [旧时] adj.快乐的，兴奋的
34. jocund adj.快活的；高兴的
35. oft adv.经常，时常
36. couch n.长沙发
37. vacant adj.空的，未被占用的
38. pensive adj.沉思的；郁郁不乐的
39. inward adj.内心的，精神的
40. bliss n.极乐，无上幸福，福佑，至福
41. solitude n.独处，独居
42. recollection n.想起，记起
43. being n.生物（尤指人）；诞生；出现；存在
44. whale n.鲸
45. weapon n.武器，兵器；凶器
46. seaman n.水手，海员；水兵
教材例句
47. （外研版选择性必修三） But the snow is falling heavily， in great soft
flakes， so that you can hardly see across the shallow valley， and the roofs are
thick and the trees all bending，and the weathercock of the village church， still
to be seen through the grey loaded air， has become some creature out of Hans
Andersen.　 n.小薄片
48. （译林版选择性必修二） Football （or soccer， as it is called in the
USA） is one of the most popular sports in the world and many countries have
their own football leagues.　n.联赛
49. （人教版选择性必修二） The girls saw hundreds of skyscrapers of glass
and steel， and old-fashioned cars rolling by.　n.钢，钢铁
派生词汇识记
1. poet n.诗人→poem n.诗→poetry n.诗，诗歌；诗情，诗意
2. drama n.戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件→dramatic adj.激动人心的；给
人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的→dramatically adv.戏剧
地；显著地
3. adventure n.历险，奇遇→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的；大胆开拓的；
惊险的
4. fantasy n.幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想→fantastic adj.极好的
5. stimulate vt.刺激；激励→stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的
→stimulation n.刺激；激励；激发
6. absorb vt.吸引；吸收；理解→absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的
→absorbed adj.被……吸引住；专心致志的
7. mystery n.难以理解的事物，谜；悬疑故事→mysterious adj.神秘的；奇
怪的
8. literary adj.文学的→literature n.文学；文献资料
9. history n.历史→historical adj.历史的→historic adj.历史上著名的；有历
史意义的→historian n.历史学家
10. register v.登记，注册→registration n.登记，注册
11. ice n.冰→icy adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的
12. disbelief n.不信，怀疑→disbelieve v.不信，怀疑→belief n.相信；信
心；信念→believe v.相信
13. crime n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动→criminal n.罪犯
14. freeze v.（河、湖等）结冰→frozen adj.（河、湖等）结冰的；冷冻
的，冷藏的→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
15. continue v.延续，继续→continuous adj.持续的，不间断的，连续的
→continuation n.延续，继续部分
16. violent adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的→violence n.暴力，暴行
17. desperate adj.绝望的；渴望的→desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地
→desperation n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切
18. ease n.轻易，毫不费劲→easy adj.容易的→easily adv.容易地；
不费力地
19. preserve vt.维护；保护→preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维
持；保存
20. conscious adj.察觉到的；意识到的；有知觉的→consciousness n.知
觉；觉悟；意识→unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的
21. evident adj.明显的→evidently adv.明显地，显然→evidence n.证据
22. polish v.擦亮，磨光n.抛光；完美，精湛→polished adj.擦亮的，磨光
的；精湛的；精致的
23. construct vt.建筑，建造→constructive adj.建设性的→construction n.建
筑物；建造物；建造，建筑
fort vt.安慰，抚慰 n.舒适感，满足感→comfortable adj.舒适的
→uncomfortable adj.（人）不舒服的；不安的；不自在的
25. emotion n.情绪，情感→emotional adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪
激动的
26. poison n.毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀→poisonous adj.有毒的
27. forgive vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕→forgiveness n.原谅，宽恕，饶恕
第一组
1. a wide variety of 各种各样的
2. take place 发生
3. a collection of 一批，一些
4. instead of 而不是
5. hunt for 寻找
6. stare at 盯着；凝视
7. make up one’s mind 下定决心
8. be tired of 厌倦
9. long to do 渴望去做
10. slip away 不告而别；溜走
11. with disbelief 难以置信地
12. drop off 脱落；减少
第二组
13. hold on 坚持
14. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决；制定出
15. stop by 顺便访问；停在……近旁
16. fill up with 用……填满
17. at a glance 一瞥
18. flash upon 闪现；突然想到
19. take ...for granted 视……为理所当然（而对其不重视）
20. in desperation 绝望地
21. bounce off 反弹
22. depend on 依靠；信赖
23. struggle against 抗争
24. hold onto 抓紧
1. 句式：though引起的让步状语从句中表语提前的部分倒装
原句：The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may
be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.
撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然这听起来可能令人难以置信，但它
似乎是由金属板做成的。
2. 句式：so ...as to ...如此……以至于……
原句：If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would
swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
3. 句式：so ...that ...如此……以至于……
原句：The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from
the boat.
撞击实在是太猛烈了，以至于我记不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
4. 句式：否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装
原句：I couldn’t say where I was， nor could I imagine.
我说不出我在哪里，我也无法想象。
5. 句式：then位于句首引起的完全倒装
原句：Then came the sound of a heavy door opening，and two seamen
appeared.
接着传来了沉重的开门声，两位水手出现了。
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.fiction n.小说；虚构的事
□2.fable n.寓言
□3.romance n.爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情
□4.detective n.侦探，警探
□5.subjective adj.主观的；主语的
□6.contradictory adj.矛盾的；抵触的
□7.tone n.（说话的）语气，口气，腔调；（尤指乐器或说话的）音调，
音色，音质
□8.scan vt.（用电磁波等）扫描
□9.backwards adv.倒着，朝反方向；向后
□10.curtain n.窗帘；门帘；帘子
□11.janitor n.（学校或大楼的）看门人，门房，管理员
□12.inch n.英寸
□13.downy adj.被绒毛覆盖的；充满绒毛的
□14.margin n.（尤指地域或水域的）边缘，边隅；页边的空白，页边
□15.bay n.湾，海湾
□16.vacant adj.空的，未被占用的
□17.pensive adj.沉思的；郁郁不乐的
□18.inward adj.内心的，精神的
□19.recollection n.想起，记起
□20.weapon n.武器，兵器；凶器
核心单词练通
1. adj.民间的，民俗的
2. vi.& vt.背诵；朗诵
3. n.结构，构造；建筑物，结构体
4. vi.& vt.飘；（乘船）航行
5. vt.（去）请来；（去）拿来；（去）找来
6. vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒
7. vt.& vi.扫，打扫；扫去；卷走，冲走n.挥动；打扫
8. vi.& vt.（在空中）飘扬，飘动；振（翼），拍打（翅膀）
9. n.微风，和风
folk　
recite　
structure　
sail　
fetch　
slip　
sweep　
flutter　
breeze　
10. vi.& vt.延伸，绵延；（使）变大；（使）变松；拉长
11. vi.& vt.甩头；扔，掷，抛
12. adj.闪亮的，闪光的
13. vi.& n.凝视，盯着看；注视
14. vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸
n.罢工；打击
stretch　
toss　
sparkling　
gaze　
strike　
15. vi.& vt.（使）弹起，（使）反弹
16. vt.（尤指吃力地）发出（声音）
17. prep.& adv.在（船，飞机，火车）上；上（船，飞
机，火车）
18. Almost instantly， water started pouring in， and the boat began
to （下沉）， throwing everyone into a panic.
19. He couldn’t help but （凝视） at the beautiful painting on the
wall.
20. Her eyes （闪耀） with excitement when she saw the gift.
21. Please fill in the （空格） on the application form.
bounce　
utter　
aboard　
sink　
stare　
twinkled　
blanks　
22. She managed to （抓住） the last available seat in the crowded
theater.
23. She took a quick （一瞥） at her watch and realised she was
late.
24. She （挥手） goodbye to her friend Sarah， who sat teary-
eyed by the train window， as the train slowly pulled away from the station.
25. She wrapped herself in a warm （毯子） to keep out the cold.
26. The artist decided to （呈送） his work to an international
competition.
grab　
glance　
waved　
blanket　
submit　
27. The detective solved the case by following the （道理） of the
evidence.
28. Unfortunately， he （淹死） while swimming in the river.
29. We （闲逛） through the narrow streets of the old city
yesterday.
logic　
drowned　
wandered　
拓展单词用活
1. n.诗人→ n.诗→ n.诗，诗歌；诗
情，诗意
2. adj.文学的→ n.文学；文献资料
3. n.历史→ adj.历史的→ adj.历史上
著名的；有历史意义的→ n.历史学家
4. v.登记，注册→ n.登记，注册
5. n.冰→ adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的
6. n.不信，怀疑→ v.不信，怀疑→
n.相信；信心；信念→ v.相信
poet　
poem　
poetry　
literary　
literature　
history　
historical　
historic　
historian　
register　
registration　
ice　
icy　
disbelief　
disbelieve　
belief　
believe　
7. n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动→ n.罪犯
8. n.轻易，毫不费劲→ adj.容易的→ adv.容
易地；不费力地
9. vt.维护；保护→ n.维护；保护；保持，维
持；保存
10. adj.明显的→ adv.明显地，显然
→ n.证据
11. n.情绪，情感→ adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感
的；情绪激动的
crime　
criminal　
ease　
easy　
easily　
preserve　
preservation　
evident　
evidently　
evidence　
emotion　
emotional　
12. n.毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀→ adj.有
毒的
13. vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕→ n.原谅，宽
恕，饶恕
14. for success， he worked day and night.
（desperate）
15. He took time to his shoes and always presented himself in
a manner.（polish）
16. Sarah went on an in the mountains and proved herself to
be .（adventure）
poison　
poisonous　
forgive　
forgiveness　
Desperate　
desperately　
polish　
polished　
adventure　
adventurous　
17. She found in her friend’s words and felt
more afterward.（comfort）
18. She was of her responsibilities and worked to improve
her about environmental protection.（conscious）
19. Because of the （violence） weather， the outdoor festival had
to be cancelled at the last minute， disappointing thousands of attendees.
20. We are seeking （continue） improvements， rather than
great breakthroughs.
21. The book had me so that I forgot time.
（absorb）
comfort　
comfortable　
conscious　
consciousness　
violent　
continuous　
absorbing　
absorbed　
22. The actors’ performances were and even changed the mood
of the audience .（drama）
23. The novel was filled with creatures and worlds.
（fantasy）
24. The lake is ， and the temperatures are expected to
continue.（freeze）
25. The novel revealed a secret that no one could
have guessed.（mystery）
26. The news about his recovery was and provided much-
needed for the team.（stimulate）
27. They plan to a new building， which will be a
major project.（construct）
dramatic　
dramatically　
fantasy　
fantastic　
frozen　
freezing　
mystery　
mysterious　
stimulating　
stimulation　
construct　
construction　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先写对
第一组
1. 　各种各样的
2. 　发生
3. 　一批，一些
4. 　而不是
5. 　寻找
6. 　盯着；凝视
a wide variety of　
take place　
a collection of　
instead of　
hunt for　
stare at　
7. 　下定决心
8. 　厌倦
9. 　渴望去做
10. 　不告而别；溜走
make up one’s mind　
be tired of　
long to do　
slip away　
第二组
1. 　坚持
2. 　锻炼；计算出；解决；制定出
3. 　一瞥
4. 　闪现；突然想到
5. 　视……为理所当然（而对其不重视）
6. 　绝望地
7. 　反弹
8. 　依靠；信赖
9. 　抗争
10. 　抓紧
hold on　
work out　
at a glance　
flash upon　
take ...for granted　
in desperation　
bounce off　
depend on　
struggle against　
hold onto　
再用准
根据语境选用上面短语填空
1. After careful consideration， he to pursue a career in
medicine.
2. An idea her mind， solving the issue that had been
troubling her.
3. He started to regularly to improve his physical health.
4. In the face of adversity， she managed to and eventually
succeeded.
made up his mind　
flashed upon　
work out　
hold on　
5. She chose to walk to work driving to enjoy the fresh morning
air.
6. She travel the world and experience different cultures.
7. She owns classic novels by outstanding authors.
8. She recognised her old friend even after years of separation.
9. She spent the afternoon the perfect dress for her friend’s
wedding.
10. She the same old routine and wants to try something
different.
11. The annual music festival will in the city park next month.
instead of　
longed to　
a collection of　
at a glance　
hunting for　
is tired of　
take place　
12. The chance to make a good first impression can easily if
you’re not careful.
13. The curious child couldn’t help but the beautiful painting.
14. The team a strong opponent in the championship
match.
15. There is courses available for students to explore
different interests.
slip away　
stare at　
struggled against　
a wide variety of　
（三）破解构词密码——知规律·巧记忆
前缀dis-
密
码
解
读 含义 常用于形容词、动词或名词前，多表示否定
规则 dis-＋动词 dis-＋形容词 dis-＋名词
例
词 disappear 消失
discharge 卸货 dismiss 解雇 dishonest 不诚实的
discontent 不满意的 disloyal 不忠诚的 disease 疾病
disorder 混乱
disbelief不信，
怀疑
即
时
演
练 1.When the sun set behind the mountains， the light
（appear）， and the sky turned dark.
2.After the truck arrived， the driver helped to （charge）
the boxes.Each box was labeled， and they needed to be checked before
being stored.
3.The teacher （miss） the class early because the power
went out.
4.It’s important not to be （honest） with your friends.If
you lie to them， they will eventually find out， and it could harm your
friendship.
5.When he heard the news， he stared in （belief）.He
couldn’t believe that his favorite band was coming to perform in his city.
disappeared　
discharge　
dismissed　
dishonest　
disbelief　
（四）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：so ...that ...
如此……以至于…… 教材原句：The crash was so
violent that I have no clear
recollection of falling from the
boat. 1.她唱得如此出色，以至于观众起立给她
热烈的掌声。
She sang she received
standing applause from the audience.　（人
物、动作描写）
so well that　
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：so ...as to ...
如此……以至于…… 教材原句：If master would be
so good as to hold onto my
shoulder，master would swim
with much greater ease. 2.这名运动员训练得如此出色，以至于打
破了100米短跑的全国纪录。
The athlete trained break the
national record in the 100-meter run.　（人
物描写）
so well as to　
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：though引起的
让步状语从句的倒装 教材原句：The blow
produced a sound of metal；
and，incredible though it
may be，it seemed as if it was
made of metal plates. 3.尽管问题看似复杂，但她轻而易举地解
决了它。
，
she solved it effortlessly.　（动作描写）
Complex though the problem seemed　
句型公式 句式仿写
4.句型公式：否定副词位于
句首引起的部分倒装 教材原句：I couldn’t say
where I was，nor could I
imagine. 4.我从未见过如此美丽的画作，它让我意
识到艺术的力量。
seen such a beautiful
painting that it makes me realise the power of
art.　（评论）
Never have I　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　　Tired of the noisy life in the city， I submitted my resignation， and
decided to return to nature like Tao Yuanming. Enjoying the absorbing
scenery， I felt at ease.Suddenly a wave of guilt swept over me. If only the
whole planet were in an excellent state of preservation！
微技能热身
1. ①处为动词-ing短语作 。
2. ②处a wave of意为“ ”。
3. 句③中使用了 。
伴随状语　
一阵　
虚拟语气　
be tired of对……厌烦/厌倦
【练通】 完成句子
①I （厌烦） hearing the same excuses from my friend.Every
time we make plans， she cancels at the last minute.
am tired of　
【写美】 微写作
②在帮助社区组织活动后，他感到筋疲力尽，但很开心。
After helping to organise the community event，
.　（活动介绍）
he was tired out but
happy　
【归纳】
be tired with/from　　　因为……而疲倦
tire sb/oneself out　　使某人感到筋疲力尽
be tired out　　筋疲力尽
【佳句】 The long hike through the mountains tired us out completely.　（动
作描写）
长时间的山地徒步让我们完全筋疲力尽。
【联想】 be tired of的同义短语还有：
①be sick of　　　　　　　②be fed up with
submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递；屈服，使服从
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The name，address，and telephone number of the cartoonist must be
included in the （submit）.
submission　
【写美】 微写作
②几周后，莉莉兴奋地将她的最终作品提交给她的老师。
A few weeks later， Lily was excited to
.　（动作描写）
submit her final piece to her
teacher　
【归纳】
（1）submit sth to sb　　将某物提交给某人
submit （oneself） to　　屈从于……
（2）submission n.　　提交（物）；呈递（书）；屈服
【佳句】 David wiped his tears and held his head high，remarking
determinedly，“I won’t submit myself to others’ thoughts.” 　（语言、
动作描写）
大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。”
absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I read her last novel and found it very （absorb）.
②Tom was so absorbed his work that he forgot to inform me of the time
of the meeting.
③At that time，he absorbed （he） in research to work out the
problem.
absorbing　
in　
himself　
【写美】 句型转换
④ ， Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the
meeting.　（用分词短语作状语改写句②）
Absorbed in his work　
【归纳】
（1）absorb vt.　　　　　理解；使并入；掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力
absorb ...from ...　　从……中吸收……
absorb oneself in ...　　全神贯注于……
absorb ...into ...　　把……吸收进……；把……并入
（2）absorbed adj.　　被……吸引住的
（be） absorbed in ...　　全神贯注于……
【佳句】 However， I was so absorbed in the plot of the movie that I forgot
the time.　（动作描写）
然而，我全神贯注于电影的情节以至于忘记了时间。
ease n.轻易，毫不费劲；安逸；舒适 vt.减轻（痛苦、忧虑）
【练通】 完成句子
①His friends （减轻他的忧虑） by offering
advice and being there to listen.
eased him of his worries　
【写美】 微写作
②当看到朋友在机场等她时，她立刻感到放松。
When she saw her friend waiting at the airport， it immediately
.　（动作描写）
put/set her at
ease　
【归纳】
（1）with ease　　　　　　容易地；不费力地
at ease　　舒适；悠闲；自在
put/set sb at ease　　使某人放松/自在
（2）ease sb of ...　　减轻某人的……
【佳句】 Through the Internet，we can obtain a large quantity of learning
materials with ease.　（发言稿）
我们可以通过互联网轻松地获得大量学习资料。
sweep n.挥动；打扫vt.& vi.扫，打扫；卷走；猛烈吹过，掠过；突然袭
来；扫视；迅速传播
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Every time I stand on this mountain， a feeling of peace sweeps
me.
②It’s essential to sweep the fireplace regularly to prevent ash
building up.
over　
out　
【写美】 微写作
③我被音乐迷住了，似乎烦恼都被席卷而去。
I was so attracted by the music that it seemed to .　
（神情、动作描写）
sweep away my worries　
【归纳】
sweep away　　 席卷；冲走；扫荡一空
sweep out　　清除，扫掉
sweep up　　打扫，清扫
sweep over　　突然袭来
sweep aside　　把……移到一边；不理会
【佳句】 Just as we sweep our rooms， we should sweep backward ideas from
our minds.　（演讲稿）
正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的想法。
preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The vase （preserve） intact since the Ming
Dynasty.
has been preserved　
【写美】 微写作
②成立协会是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
The society was set up to .　
（环境保护）
preserve endangered species from extinction　
【归纳】
（1）a preservation group/society 保护团体/协会
（2）preserve vt.　　保存；维护
preserve ...from ...　　保护……以免……
【佳句】 The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation.　
（事物介绍）
这些绘画保存得非常好。
　　 We humans have been taking it for granted that we can take what we like
from nature.To our great comfort， nature always met our needs in the
past.However， not only did human activities do harm to nature， but they
also did great harm to human beings.Evidently， there are more and more
natural disasters nowadays.We are increasingly finding ourselves failing 　　
（fight） agaist natural disasters.It is time that human beings 　　 （take）
effective measures to make up for what we have done.Only by living
harmoniously with nature can we build a community with a shared future for
mankind.
微技能热身
1. 句①中that引导 从句；what引导 从句。
2. ②处应填 。
3. ③处应填 ，本句中使用了 。
宾语　
宾语　
to fight　
took/should take　
虚拟语气　
comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n.舒适感，满足感
【练通】 单句语法填空
①My ambition is to live （comfort） in the suburbs of the
city in the future.
comfortably　
【写美】 微写作
②屋内，我们舒适地靠在壁炉旁休息，享受着温暖与宁静。柔软的沙发和
舒适的毯子让我们感到放松。
Inside， we rested by the fireplace， enjoying the
warmth and quiet.The soft couch and cozy blankets made us feel relaxed.　
（动作描写）
in comfort/comfortably　
③看到我对这一幕感到不舒服，父亲站了起来，走近我，把我抱在怀里，
用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。　（场景描写）
，my father rose to his feet，
approached me and gathered me into his arms，
.
Seeing I was uncomfortable with the scene　
gently comforting me with
inspiring words　
【归纳】
（1）be a comfort to sb　　 对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort＝comfortably　　舒适地
to one’s comfort　　令人宽慰的是
（2）comfort sb with sth　　用某物安慰某人
（3）comfortable adj.　　舒适的；舒服的
comfortably adv.　　舒服地
【佳句】 As my car neared it， my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I
rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web.I rushed back to the deserted
house.It was a great comfort to me that the original hole in the window was
nowhere to be found.　（动作、神情描写）
当我的车靠近时，我的思绪回到了从蜘蛛网中救出蜂鸟的那一刻。我
匆忙回到了那座无人的房子。窗户上原来的洞已经不见了，对我来说
是个安慰。
句型公式：否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 I couldn’t say where I was， nor could I imagine.我说不出
我在哪里，我也无法想象。
【写美】 微写作
①直到我们到达山顶时，我才真正欣赏到美景。徒步旅行很漫长，很累，
但美丽的风景让一切都值得。
Not until we reached the top of the mountain the
view.The hike was long and tiring， but the beautiful scenery made it all worth
it.　（环境描写）
②她刚开始做作业，电话就响了。是她最好的朋友跟她谈论周末的计划。
Hardly when her phone rang.It was her best
friend calling to talk about the plans for the weekend.　（动作描写）
did I truly appreciate　
had she started her homework　
【归纳】
never， seldom， by no means， not until， rarely， hardly， at no time，
scarcely， little， in no way 等表示否定或半否定的词置于句首时，句子要
部分倒装。
【佳句】 At no time did he give up on his dream of becoming a basketball
player.Even though he faced many challenges， he continued to practice every
day.His determination paid off when he was selected for the school team.　
（人物描写）
他从未放弃过成为篮球运动员的梦想。尽管面临许多挑战，他仍然每天坚
持练习。当被选入校队时，他的决心得到了回报。
forgive vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Forgive me having taken up so much of your time， and accept my
best wishes for you.
for　
【写美】 微写作
②我永远不会原谅自己在你处于危险时没有帮助你。
for failing to help you when you were in
danger.　（心理描写）
I shall never forgive myself　
【归纳】
（1）forgive sb sth　　　原谅某人某事
forgive one’s doing sth　　原谅某人做了某事
forgive sb/oneself for （doing） sth　　原谅某人（做了）某事
（2）forgiveness n.　　宽恕，原谅
【佳句】 He made an apology to his father， begging his father to forgive him
for his bad behaviour.　（动作描写）
他向父亲道歉，请求父亲原谅他的恶劣行为。
evidently adv.明显地，显然
【练通】 单句语法填空
① （evident）， the policy was a success.
②There is convincing （evident） that listening to loud music
can do great harm to our hearing.
Evidently　
evidence　
【写美】 句型转换
③ 　（用it作形式主语改写句
①）
It was evident that the policy was a success.　
【归纳】
（1）evident adj.　　　　　　明显的；明白的
It is/was evident that ...＝Evidently ...显然……
（2）evidence n.　　证据；证明
【佳句】 She walked slowly down the road， evidently in serious pain.　
（人物描写）
她沿路慢慢地走着，显然十分痛苦。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. sweep
A. 打扫 B. 卷走，冲走 C. 彻底消除 D. 大获全胜；横扫
（1）He helplessly watched the wave sweep his cap away.　
（2）He was the only man to sweep the diving gold medals in two consecutive
Olympics.　
（3）The boy helped his mother sweep away the dirt on the floor.　
（4）We need to sweep away all obstacles on our roads to success.　
B　
D　
A　
C　
2. solid
A. 固体的 B. 坚硬的，稳固的 C. 实心的 D. 可靠的
（1）In fact， it was originally a solid ball.
（2）Ice is water in a solid state.
（3）All these have laid a solid political foundation for national unity.　
（4）You should present solid evidence to prove your point.　
C　
A　
B　
D　
3. slip
A. vi.滑倒，滑落 B. vi.悄悄疾行，溜走 C. vi.下降，退步 D. vt.迅
速放置，悄悄塞进 E. n.差错，疏漏　　F. n.纸条，便条 G. vi.忘记
（1）You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.　
（2）（2022·全国乙卷）When the sun slipped behind the mountains，it
shed a rosy glow all around them.　
（3）Addicted to playing computer games， the boy’s marks at school
slipped sharply.　
E　
B　
C　
（4）（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）When he looked down，he accidentally slipped
and fell over the edge.　
（5）I managed to slip a few jokes into my speech.
（6）I wrote it down on a slip of paper in case I forgot.
（7）（2022·全国乙卷）Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’
birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by
you.　
A　
D　
F　
G　
A. vi.滑倒，滑落 B. vi.悄悄疾行，溜走 C. vi.下降，退步 D. vt.迅
速放置，悄悄塞进 E. n.差错，疏漏　　F. n.纸条，便条 G. vi.忘记
4. absorb
A. 吸收 B. 理解，掌握 C. 吸引，使专心 D. 吞并
（1）One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per
year.　
（2）In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s
message.　
（3）That country had absorbed the small states into her empire.　
（4）（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）Adults are portrayed （描绘） alone in many
settings and poses — absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost in a
moment of leisure.　
A　
B　
D　
C　
5. 词义猜测
（1）Dark clouds blanketed the summit of the mountain.
（2）The river wanders through some beautiful countries.
（3）Mr Smith is not available now，for he’s just gone to fetch the kids from
school.　
（4）Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking
about.　
（5）You rarely see boats on this stretch of the river because the current is very
fast.　
vt.覆盖　
vi.蜿蜒　
vt.去接（某人）　
adj.茫然的；不理解的　
n.一段；一片　
（6）Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of
bread.　
（7）（2023·1月浙江卷）Sitting on a branch，he inched towards it and
blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.　
n.水槽　
vi.缓慢移动　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
一、单句语法填空
1. The debate was very （stimulate）， with students
exchanging brilliant ideas.
2. The game we played in class today was really
（absorb）.Everyone was so focused.
3. The teacher spent the morning （scan） our test papers to
check for any mistakes.
4. We had to be careful while driving because the roads were （ice）
after the storm.
stimulating　
absorbing　
scanning　
icy　
5. She （stare） out of the window， lost in thought as the rain
poured down.
6. The dog （fetch） the ball I threw and brought it back to me，
wagging its tail excitedly.
7. After walking in the snow for hours， my fingers felt
（freeze）.I couldn’t wait to get inside and warm up by the fireplace.
8. His （continue） effort led to great results.He was able to
improve his grades significantly by staying focused and working hard every
day.
stared　
fetched　
frozen　
continuous　
9. The city lights （twinkle） in the distance as we drove
home.The view was beautiful， and it made the long drive more enjoyable.
10. The road （stretch） out in front of us for miles，
disappearing into the horizon.
11. While walking through the park， I kept （glance） at the
beautiful flowers.
12. In a moment of （desperate）， she called her friend for
help.
13. She quickly （grab） her backpack and ran out the door，
realizing she was late for school.
were twinkling　
stretched　
glancing　
desperation　
grabbed　
14. The lifeguard spotted someone （drown） and immediately
blew his whistle.
15. （evident）， she had forgotten to set her alarm because she
overslept.
drowning　
Evidently　
二、完成句子
1. The weather （如此寒冷） we couldn’t stay outside
for more than five minutes.
2. As the bus pulled away， I （向我的
朋友们挥手告别）.It was sad to leave， but I knew I’d see them again soon.
3. The doctor’s reassuring words （减轻了他
的恐惧） about the surgery.
4. We （在森林里漫步）， enjoying the
fresh air and peaceful surroundings.
was so cold that　
waved a good-bye to my friends　
eased him of his fear（s）　
wandered through the forest　
5. It （我突然意识到） I hadn’t called my friend in
weeks.I quickly grabbed my phone and sent her a message to catch up.
6. Our school library （正在建设中）， so we have
to use the temporary library in the gym.
7. He （大声欢呼） when his team won the
game.His excitement was obvious， and everyone around him started
celebrating， too.
8. Even though he broke my favorite toy， （我原谅了他）
because it was an accident.
struck me that　
is under construction　
uttered a loud cheer　
I forgave him　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
　　假定你是李华，打算申请成为一名志愿者，请你根据下面提示写一封
申请信。
申请信——成为志愿者
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 我长期以来一直渴望成为一名志愿者，对于这份工作，我有一些优势。　
（long to do）


2. 我说英语如此流利，以至于我可以自由地和外国人交流。　
（so ...that ...）

I have been longing to be a volunteer for a long time， and I have some
advantages for the position.
I speak English so fluently that I can communicate with foreigners freely.
3. 虽然我没有经验，但我愿意认真向其他志愿者学习，并认真对待工作。　
（倒装句）


4. 我和其他人相处得很好。我没有和老师发生过冲突，也没有和同学们争
吵过。　（nor引起的部分倒装）


5. 您能好心考虑一下我的申请吗？　（so ...as to ...）

Inexperienced though I am， I’m willing to learn from other volunteers
carefully and treat the work seriously.
I get along well with others.I haven’t had conflicts with teachers， nor have I
quarreled with my classmates.
Will you be so kind as to consider my application？
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Sir/Madam，
　　

　　




　　
Yours，
Li Hua
　　 　I have been longing to be a volunteer for a long time， and I have some
advantages for the position.　
　　 　Firstly， I speak English so fluently that I can communicate with
foreigners freely.In addition， inexperienced though I am， I’m willing to
learn from other volunteers carefully and treat the work seriously.Last but not
least， I get along well with others.I haven’t had conflicts with teachers， nor
have I quarreled with my classmates.　
Will you be so kind as to consider my application？　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮
词 情感描写：romance， dramatic， contradictory， logic， disbelief，
glee， gay， pensive， bliss， violent， desperation， sink，
unconscious， blank， sprightly
环境描写：absorbing， icy， vine， frozen， breeze， bay， sparkling，
daybreak
动作描写：submit， stare， sail， slip， inch， wander， sweep，
flutter， twinkle， glance， gaze， grab， drown
美
句 ①In November，a cold，unseen stranger，whom the doctors called
Pneumonia，arrived in Greenwich Village.　（拟人）
②...she lay，barely moving， in her bed staring at a blank wall under her
blanket.　（动作描写）
③What’s more， a cold rain was falling， mixed with snow.　（环境描
写）
④Didn’t you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew？　
（反问句）
动作描写之“脚”之动作
词汇
①get/leap to one’s feet 直起身来/跳起来
②jump/rise to one’s feet 跳起来/站起来
③drag one’s feet 拖着脚步
④tap/stamp one’s feet 跺脚
⑤put one’s feet up 休息放松
⑥in bare feet 光着脚
⑦plant one’s feet firmly to the ground双脚钉在地上
⑧walk barefoot 赤脚行走
美句
①I woke up really early and tiptoed to the kitchen.　（动作描写）
我醒得很早，踮着脚尖走向厨房。
②My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.　（动作描写）
当我们拖着沉重的脚步下山回家时，我肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。
③So annoyed were we that we tapped/stamped our feet in anger，thinking about what to do with the situation.　（动作描写）
我们非常恼火，愤怒地跺着脚，思考着该如何处理这种情况。
情境导语 故事中女孩很不情愿地回家……
第一步　完成句子
1. 她正跷着脚看电视，这时她父母让她回家。　（动作描写）
her parents asked her to
return home.
2. 当听到这个消息时，她跳了起来。　（动作描写）
when she heard the news.
She was putting her feet up and watching TV when　
She jumped to her feet　
3. 一开始她双脚钉在地上，不肯动。　（动作描写）
At first， she .
4. 她爸爸不耐烦地跺着脚。　（动作描写）

5. 他们生气地把她拖出宾馆，她的脚乱踢。　（with复合结构）
They carried her out of the hotel angrily， .
6. 她磨磨蹭蹭很不情愿地跟随父母回了家。　（动作描写）

planted her feet firmly on the ground and refused to move　
Her father tapped/stamped his feet impatiently.
with her feet kicking　
She dragged her feet as she unwillingly followed her parents home.　
7. 一到家她就脱下鞋子，光着脚飞快地跑到自己卧室。　（形容词作
状语）


On arriving home， she pulled off her shoes and dashed into her bedroom，
barefoot and fast.
第二步　连句成文
　　






　　 　She was putting her feet up and watching TV when her parents asked her
to return home.However， she jumped to her feet when she heard the news.At
first， she planted her feet firmly on the ground and refused to move.Her father
tapped/stamped his feet impatiently.They carried her out of the hotel angrily，
with her feet kicking.She dragged her feet as she unwillingly followed her
parents home.On arriving home， she pulled off her shoes and dashed into her
bedroom， barefoot and fast.　
演示完毕 感谢观看 !题组训练（二）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·洛阳模拟）The Tang Dynasty was the golden age of Chinese Poetry and in the Song Dynasty， the emerging ci was the mainstream in Chinese literature.However， during the Yuan Dynasty zaju， or drama， prospered.There were about 100 dramatists who wrote about 500 plays， but most of them were unfortunately lost long ago.
　　There were several factors that made it possible for drama to develop in this period.Cities grew as a result of the growth of handicrafts and commerce， and people living in cities needed recreation and amusements.It was then possible for singers， story-tellers， actors and actresses to make a living.Scholars and writers who had frowned upon drama were then interested in it， and began to write it， because they wanted to use it as a weapon for attacking the rule they hated.Besides， in the early period of the Yuan Dynasty， imperial examinations were stopped， and Han scholars were no longer able to get government posts， as they were discriminated（歧视） against.They had to live as and among the ordinary people， and therefore they had a good understanding of the ordinary people’s lives and feelings， which gave them rich material for their plays.
　　The first well-known Yuan dramatist that should be mentioned is Guan Hanqing， who lived in the 13th century.A native of Dadu （now Beijing）， he worked there as a doctor， but was known for the many plays he wrote.His works include tragedies， comedies and historical plays.Some of them describe the life of the people of his day； others are based on historical events.All of them sing praises of the oppressed or expose the evils of the ruling classes.
　　The Injustice Suffered by Dou E may be Guan’s best-known tragedy.The play praises Dou E’s fighting spirit and exposes and condemns the dark society and unjust legal system.In many of his plays Guan Hanqing gives truthful pictures of the people’s sufferings under Yuan rule.Realism in his plays is intense and powerful.
1.What does the underlined word “prospered” in the first paragraph mean？（　　）
A.Became popular.　 　B.Became available.　 　C.Became interesting.　　D.Became meaningful.
2.What is the author’s purpose of writing the second paragraph？（　　）
A.To introduce a topic. B.To express an opinion.
C.To provide some facts. D.To explain some reasons.
3.What made Han scholars get rich material for their plays？（　　）
A.Being looked down upon. B.Getting government posts.
C.Passing imperial examinations. D.Getting close to common people.
4.Why did Guan Hanqing write The Injustice Suffered by Dou E？（　　）
A.To criticize social evils. B.To record historical events.
C.To reflect ordinary people’s lives. D.To describe the ruling classes’ lives.
B
　　（2025·广州冲刺训练）Human history is full of horse stories like guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and taking wounded soldiers through battle zones.Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel， a computer scientist and roboticist， think of robots.“A horse that can take a rider home on its own would be the highest level of autonomy，”Jatel says.“You trust them with your life.”She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions.
　　For a year， Jatel engaged herself in the horse world.She watched classes in horse training， and she also talked with students， instructors， trainers and horse owners.Along the way， Jatel even learned to ride.
　　Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people.People， too， must learn their part.Riders must learn what a horse wants or how it feels based on its behavior， and what signals to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways.Jatel found some similarities， here， to working with robots.People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks.They must also learn what to do when robots don’t perform as planned.The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people.But like horses， autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change.For example， a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something， even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going.
　　Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect.Horses show that respect by matching their pace to a human or giving someone who is leading them a safe degree of personal space.Trainers begin their work with a horse by getting them to show signs of respect in basic interactions， Jatel says.Later， trainers will develop more complex interactions.Gradually， a horse’s respect can grow into trust.
　　But that trust is not given.And there may be a similar limitation with robots.What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other？For now， she adds， this is largely uncharted territory.But she’s looking to build a path.
5.What drew Elina Jatel’s attention to horses？（　　）
A.Horses’ amazing performance. B.Long history of horse training.
C.Horse-human interdependence. D.Her horse-riding experience.
6.What are the robots of the highest autonomy designed to do？（　　）
A.To act like real horses. B.To show respect for humans.
C.To follow instructions from humans. D.To make independent and sensible decisions.
7.What will Jatel’s future research most probably focus on？（　　）
A.The limitations of robots. B.Trust between robots and humans.
C.The path toward higher robot efficiency. D.Similarities between horses and robots.
8.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.History of Human-Horse Relationship B.Secrets of Human-Animal Interactions
C.The Role of Trust in Human-Robot Partnerships D.Horses as the Inspiration for Autonomous Robots
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·湖州模拟）Su Shi， also known by his pseudonym Dongpo， was a rare， versatile scholar of the Northern Song Dynasty （960－1127）.Today， his poems， paintings， calligraphy and essays are still widely admired by millions of his fans all over the world.
　　Su Shi， who was born in Meishan in today’s Sichuan Province， passed the imperial civil service examinations to obtain the prestigious title of Jinshi （or “Presented Scholar”） when he was only 19.9.（　　）.
　　However， this highly talented scholar seemed to be always at odds with a political faction headed by the then prime minister， Wang Anshi.10.（　　）.Therefore， Su was banished （驱逐） several times and lived in political exile （流放） for many years in various places around the country.
　　But Su played a crucial role in the history of Chinese poetry.He founded a school of expressive poetry and he often combined vivid descriptions of natural phenomena with deep emotions and political ideas.11.（　　）.Among them， Battle of Red Cliffs， Jiang Chengzi， The Immortal by the River and quite a few other poems are deemed the most notable.
　　12.（　　）， and he left behind a rich trove of cultural heritage.Even today， many places have built pavilions， bridges， statues and memorial halls to exhibit Su’s poems， paintings， calligraphy and lyrics.
　　Su took his pen name from a rural place called Dongpo （Eastern Slope）， where Su lived during his first exile.13.（　　）.According to legend， Su created the dish of stewed pork totally by accident.He actually overcooked the stew as he concentrated on a chess game and forgot what he was preparing.
　　Su died at 64 in Changzhou in eastern China after a long period of political exile.
A.More than 2，300 of his poems have survived
B.Both his father and his brother were famous writers
C.Su’s life in exile took him to many parts of the country
D.Later the name was given to a famous dish， Dongpo Pork
E.As a result， he later served in a number of government offices
F.Battle of Red Cliffs is so popular that nearly every school student can recite it
G.Su frequently wrote poems and essays criticizing Wang’s reforms and the government’s policies
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2025·山东实验中学模拟）Our church congregation （教堂会众） in Toronto has a way of assisting those who have financial difficulties without making the receiver feel shame or guilt.Money is dropped into an offering box with only the name of the receiver on the envelope.The envelopes are then distributed to those members without them knowing the name of the giver.
　　There came a time when my husband and I were among those in need.Both of us lost jobs at that time and there was little hope that we could be employed within a short time.Of course， out of self-esteem， we did not talk about our financial difficulty with anyone else.The only reason our children knew was that we had to cut back on many things.Still， we hoped they were not aware of the extent of our need， nor of how much then Father and I were suffering because of it.We did not want to burden them with a problem they could do nothing to solve.
　　With time going by， our situation wasn’t improving， and my husband and I knew that we would have to look for outside help.In that cold winter， just as we reached the point of despair， our church gave us a gift envelope that had been left in the offering box.You couldn’t imagine how overjoyed we were on receiving such a very substantial amount of money， which was enough to bring us through that desperate time.We couldn’t help but wonder who had given such a generous gift.We were extremely relieved and enormously grateful.In this way， we could survive during this tough period with the money.Besides， we needn’t worry about our son’s university tuition， that is， he needn’t apply for any loan （贷款） because he had taken a part-time job and worked hard to earn some money since he was nine years old.He had been a paper carrier for The Toronto Star， a car washer， a dishwasher and so on.He had been careful for his small earnings so we had trusted him to leave all his wages with him instead of putting it into the bank towards his education.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　A year later， our son was applying for a student loan.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Finally， in tears， my son told me he had put his savings in the offering box for us.　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
题组训练（二）
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了我国元朝时期杂剧兴盛的原因，并简要介绍了元朝最具代表性的剧作家关汉卿以及其代表作《窦娥冤》。
1.A　词义猜测题。根据第一段语境可知，文章前面提到了我国唐朝盛行诗，宋朝盛行词，因此元朝应该是“盛行”杂剧。所以画线词与A项意思相近。
2.D　写作意图题。根据第二段可知，本段主要分析了杂剧在元朝能够得到快速发展的几个关键因素。
3.D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，在元朝科举考试被停止，汉族知识分子失去了进入官场的机会；这使得他们跟普通老百姓生活在一起，从而获得了大量创作戏剧的材料。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，《窦娥冤》的主题是批判统治阶级并揭露社会的黑暗面。虽然该剧也描述了老百姓和统治阶级的生活，但并非作者创作的主要目的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔从马与人的关系中获得研发自主机器人的灵感。文章主要介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的重点研究方向。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel，a computer scientist and roboticist，think of robots ...She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions.可知，这些有判断力且训练有素的马让计算机科学家和机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔想到了机器人。一匹可以独自带骑手回家的马将是最高级别的自主，你可以把生命托付给它们，她很想了解这种关系是如何形成的，以及它是否有助于改善人机互动。由此可知，马的惊人表现吸引了埃琳娜·贾特尔对马的注意。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people.But like horses，autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change.可知，其目标是编程机器人，使其能够对人类的输入做出可预测的反应。但像马一样，自主机器人也应该能够在条件变化时自行做出反应。下文关于自动驾驶汽车的例子也说明了这一点。由此可推知，最高自主的机器人被设计做出独立而明智的决定。
7.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other？For now，she adds，this is largely uncharted territory.But she’s looking to build a path.可知，机器人和人类相互尊重和信任意味着什么？她认为目前这在很大程度上是一个未知领域，她想要开辟一条道路。由此可知，贾特尔未来的研究重点是机器人和人类之间的信任。
8.D　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，机器人专家从马与人类的关系中得到研发自主机器人的灵感，接下来重点介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的研究重点等。因此，D项（马作为自主机器人的灵感来源）最适合作为文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。苏轼是我国北宋著名文学家、书法家、画家，也是“唐宋八大家”中的代表人物。
9.E　上文说苏轼通过科举考试考中进士，E项则接着说他因此可以进入朝廷工作。
10.G　下句说苏轼遭到朝廷的驱逐并被流放，G项则说明他遭此待遇的原因。
11.A　根据下句中的Among them以及提到的作品名称可知，上句应该是在谈论苏轼的作品。故A项符合语境。
12.C　下句主语为he，暗示上句提到了苏轼，故C项符合语境。
13.D　本段主要讲述苏轼笔名“东坡”的来历，以及他创制“东坡肉”的故事，故D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
　　A year later， our son was applying for a student loan.It was then that we discovered that his savings account was almost empty.His father and I were very disturbed by this.What worried me was that he might abuse the money.Therefore， I asked him repeatedly to tell me where the money had gone.At first he would not tell me， which made me even angrier.I was continuously questioning him， determined to find out where the money had gone， but in vain.
　　Finally， in tears， my son told me he had put his savings in the offering box for us.On hearing this， I stood there speechless， tears filling my eyes.It had taken my son years to save that money and he had given it to us willingly — without telling us what he had done.However， I did wrong to him， a kind and caring boy， who carried my husband and me through when we were in trouble.I couldn’t help hugging my son tightly.A warm current welled up in my heart， although it was freezing cold outside.
4 / 4(共34张PPT)
题组训练（二）
高中总复习·英语 (北师大版)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·洛阳模拟）The Tang Dynasty was the golden age of Chinese
Poetry and in the Song Dynasty， the emerging ci was the mainstream in
Chinese literature.However， during the Yuan Dynasty zaju， or drama，
prospered.There were about 100 dramatists who wrote about 500 plays， but
most of them were unfortunately lost long ago.
　　There were several factors that made it possible for drama to develop in this
period.Cities grew as a result of the growth of handicrafts and commerce， and
people living in cities needed recreation and amusements.It was then possible
for singers， story-tellers， actors and actresses to make a living.Scholars and
writers who had frowned upon drama were then interested in it， and began to
write it， because they wanted to use it as a weapon for attacking the rule they
hated.Besides， in the early period of the Yuan Dynasty， imperial
examinations were stopped， and Han scholars were no longer able to get
government posts， as they were discriminated（歧视） against.They had to
live as and among the ordinary people， and therefore they had a good
understanding of the ordinary people’s lives and feelings， which gave them
rich material for their plays.
　　The first well-known Yuan dramatist that should be mentioned is Guan
Hanqing， who lived in the 13th century.A native of Dadu （now Beijing），
he worked there as a doctor， but was known for the many plays he wrote.His
works include tragedies， comedies and historical plays.Some of them describe
the life of the people of his day； others are based on historical events.All of
them sing praises of the oppressed or expose the evils of the ruling classes.
　　The Injustice Suffered by Dou E may be Guan’s best-known tragedy.The
play praises Dou E’s fighting spirit and exposes and condemns the dark society
and unjust legal system.In many of his plays Guan Hanqing gives truthful
pictures of the people’s sufferings under Yuan rule.Realism in his plays is
intense and powerful.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了我国元朝时期杂剧兴盛
的原因，并简要介绍了元朝最具代表性的剧作家关汉卿以及其代表作
《窦娥冤》。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了我国元朝时期杂剧兴盛
的原因，并简要介绍了元朝最具代表性的剧作家关汉卿以及其代表作
《窦娥冤》。
1. What does the underlined word “prospered” in the first paragraph mean？
（　　）
A. Became popular. B. Became available.
C. Became interesting. D. Became meaningful.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段语境可知，文章前面提到了我国唐朝盛行诗，宋朝盛行词，因此元朝应该是“盛行”杂剧。所以画线词与A项意思相近。
√
2. What is the author’s purpose of writing the second paragraph？（　　）
A. To introduce a topic.
B. To express an opinion.
C. To provide some facts.
D. To explain some reasons.
解析：　写作意图题。根据第二段可知，本段主要分析了杂剧在元朝能
够得到快速发展的几个关键因素。
√
3. What made Han scholars get rich material for their plays？（　　）
A. Being looked down upon.
B. Getting government posts.
C. Passing imperial examinations.
D. Getting close to common people.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，在元朝科举考试被停止，汉族知识分子失去了进入官场的机会；这使得他们跟普通老百姓生活在一起，从而获得了大量创作戏剧的材料。
√
4. Why did Guan Hanqing write The Injustice Suffered by Dou E？（　　）
A. To criticize social evils.
B. To record historical events.
C. To reflect ordinary people’s lives.
D. To describe the ruling classes’ lives.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，《窦娥冤》的主题是批判统
治阶级并揭露社会的黑暗面。虽然该剧也描述了老百姓和统治阶级的生
活，但并非作者创作的主要目的。
√
B
　　（2025·广州冲刺训练）Human history is full of horse stories like
guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and taking wounded soldiers through
battle zones.Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel， a
computer scientist and roboticist， think of robots.“A horse that can take a
rider home on its own would be the highest level of autonomy，” Jatel
says.“You trust them with your life.”She was drawn to learning how such
relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions.
　　For a year， Jatel engaged herself in the horse world.She watched classes
in horse training， and she also talked with students， instructors， trainers and
horse owners.Along the way， Jatel even learned to ride.
　　Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with
people.People， too， must learn their part.Riders must learn what a horse
wants or how it feels based on its behavior， and what signals to use to direct
horses to perform in desired ways.Jatel found some similarities， here，
to working with robots.People must learn how to direct robots to do specific
tasks.They must also learn what to do when robots don’t perform as
planned.The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs
from people.But like horses， autonomous robots also should be able to
respond on their own as conditions change.For example， a self-driving car
must stop to avoid hitting something， even if some human mistakenly tells it to
keep going.
　　Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect.Horses show that
respect by matching their pace to a human or giving someone who is leading
them a safe degree of personal space.Trainers begin their work with a horse by
getting them to show signs of respect in basic interactions， Jatel says.Later，
trainers will develop more complex interactions.Gradually， a horse’s respect
can grow into trust.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔从马与人的
关系中获得研发自主机器人的灵感。文章主要介绍了其灵感来源以及未
来的重点研究方向。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔从马与人的
关系中获得研发自主机器人的灵感。文章主要介绍了其灵感来源以及未
来的重点研究方向。
　　But that trust is not given.And there may be a similar limitation with
robots.What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each
other？For now， she adds， this is largely uncharted territory.But she’s
looking to build a path.
5. What drew Elina Jatel’s attention to horses？（　　）
A. Horses’ amazing performance.
B. Long history of horse training.
C. Horse-human interdependence.
D. Her horse-riding experience.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Such sensible and highly trained
horses made Elina Jatel， a computer scientist and roboticist， think of
robots ...She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could
help improve human-robot interactions.可知，这些有判断力且训练有素的马
让计算机科学家和机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔想到了机器人。一匹可以独
自带骑手回家的马将是最高级别的自主，你可以把生命托付给它们，她很
想了解这种关系是如何形成的，以及它是否有助于改善人机互动。由此可
知，马的惊人表现吸引了埃琳娜·贾特尔对马的注意。
6. What are the robots of the highest autonomy designed to do？（　　）
A. To act like real horses.
B. To show respect for humans.
C. To follow instructions from humans.
D. To make independent and sensible decisions.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的The goal is to program robots that
will respond predictably to inputs from people.But like horses，autonomous
robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change.可知，
其目标是编程机器人，使其能够对人类的输入做出可预测的反应。但像马
一样，自主机器人也应该能够在条件变化时自行做出反应。下文关于自动
驾驶汽车的例子也说明了这一点。由此可推知，最高自主的机器人被设计
做出独立而明智的决定。
7. What will Jatel’s future research most probably focus on？（　　）
A. The limitations of robots.
B. Trust between robots and humans.
C. The path toward higher robot efficiency.
D. Similarities between horses and robots.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的What would it mean for robots
and people to respect and trust each other？For now，she adds，this is largely
uncharted territory.But she’s looking to build a path.可知，机器人和人类相
互尊重和信任意味着什么？她认为目前这在很大程度上是一个未知领域，
她想要开辟一条道路。由此可知，贾特尔未来的研究重点是机器人和人类
之间的信任。
8. What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. History of Human-Horse Relationship
B. Secrets of Human-Animal Interactions
C. The Role of Trust in Human-Robot Partnerships
D. Horses as the Inspiration for Autonomous Robots
解析：标题归纳题。综合全文可知，机器人专家从马与人类的关系中得到研发自主机器人的灵感，接下来重点介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的研究重点等。因此，D项（马作为自主机器人的灵感来源）最适合作为文章标题。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·湖州模拟）Su Shi， also known by his pseudonym Dongpo，
was a rare， versatile scholar of the Northern Song Dynasty （960－
1127）.Today， his poems， paintings， calligraphy and essays are still
widely admired by millions of his fans all over the world.
　　Su Shi， who was born in Meishan in today’s Sichuan Province， passed
the imperial civil service examinations to obtain the prestigious title of Jinshi
（or “Presented Scholar”） when he was only 19.9.（　　）.
　　However， this highly talented scholar seemed to be always at odds with a
political faction headed by the then prime minister， Wang Anshi.10.
（　　）.Therefore， Su was banished （驱逐） several times and lived in
political exile （流放） for many years in various places around the country.
　　But Su played a crucial role in the history of Chinese poetry.He founded a
school of expressive poetry and he often combined vivid descriptions of natural
phenomena with deep emotions and political ideas.11.（　　）.Among
them， Battle of Red Cliffs， Jiang Chengzi， The Immortal by the River and
quite a few other poems are deemed the most notable.
　　12. （　　）， and he left behind a rich trove of cultural heritage.Even
today， many places have built pavilions， bridges， statues and memorial
halls to exhibit Su’s poems， paintings， calligraphy and lyrics.
　　Su took his pen name from a rural place called Dongpo （Eastern
Slope）， where Su lived during his first exile.13.（　　）.According to
legend， Su created the dish of stewed pork totally by accident.He actually
overcooked the stew as he concentrated on a chess game and forgot what he was
preparing.
　　Su died at 64 in Changzhou in eastern China after a long period of political
exile.
A. More than 2，300 of his poems have survived
B. Both his father and his brother were famous writers
C. Su’s life in exile took him to many parts of the country
D. Later the name was given to a famous dish， Dongpo Pork
E. As a result， he later served in a number of government offices
F. Battle of Red Cliffs is so popular that nearly every school student can recite it
G. Su frequently wrote poems and essays criticizing Wang’s reforms and the
government’s policies
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。苏轼是我国北宋著名文学家、书法家、
画家，也是“唐宋八大家”中的代表人物。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。苏轼是我国北宋著名文学家、书法家、
画家，也是“唐宋八大家”中的代表人物。
9. E　上文说苏轼通过科举考试考中进士，E项则接着说他因此可以进入
朝廷工作。
10. G　下句说苏轼遭到朝廷的驱逐并被流放，G项则说明他遭此待遇
的原因。
11. A　根据下句中的Among them以及提到的作品名称可知，上句应该是
在谈论苏轼的作品。故A项符合语境。
12. C　下句主语为he，暗示上句提到了苏轼，故C项符合语境。
13. D　本段主要讲述苏轼笔名“东坡”的来历，以及他创制“东坡肉”
的故事，故D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一
篇完整的短文。
　　（2025·山东实验中学模拟）Our church congregation （教堂会众） in
Toronto has a way of assisting those who have financial difficulties without
making the receiver feel shame or guilt.Money is dropped into an offering box
with only the name of the receiver on the envelope.The envelopes are then
distributed to those members without them knowing the name of the giver.
　　There came a time when my husband and I were among those in need.Both
of us lost jobs at that time and there was little hope that we could be employed
within a short time.Of course， out of self-esteem， we did not talk about our
financial difficulty with anyone else.The only reason our children knew was that
we had to cut back on many things.Still， we hoped they were not aware of the
extent of our need， nor of how much then Father and I were suffering because
of it.We did not want to burden them with a problem they could do nothing to
solve.
　　With time going by， our situation wasn’t improving， and my husband
and I knew that we would have to look for outside help.In that cold winter，
just as we reached the point of despair， our church gave us a gift envelope that
had been left in the offering box.You couldn’t imagine how overjoyed we
were on receiving such a very substantial amount of money， which was enough
to bring us through that desperate time.We couldn’t help but wonder who had
given such a generous gift.We were extremely relieved and enormously grateful.In this way， we could survive during this tough period with the
money.Besides， we needn’t worry about our son’s university tuition， that is，
he needn’t apply for any loan （贷款） because he had taken a part-time job
and worked hard to earn some money since he was nine years old.He had been a
paper carrier for The Toronto Star， a car washer， a dishwasher and so on.He
had been careful for his small earnings so we had trusted him to leave all his
wages with him instead of putting it into the bank towards his education.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　A year later， our son was applying for a student loan. 　　
　　Finally， in tears， my son told me he had put his savings in the offering
box for us. 　
参考范文：
　　A year later， our son was applying for a student loan.It was then that we
discovered that his savings account was almost empty.His father and I were
very disturbed by this.What worried me was that he might abuse the
money.Therefore， I asked him repeatedly to tell me where the money had
gone.At first he would not tell me， which made me even angrier.I was
continuously questioning him， determined to find out where the money had
gone， but in vain.
　　Finally， in tears， my son told me he had put his savings in the offering
box for us.On hearing this， I stood there speechless， tears filling my eyes.It
had taken my son years to save that money and he had given it to us willingly —
without telling us what he had done.However， I did wrong to him， a kind
and caring boy， who carried my husband and me through when we were in
trouble.I couldn’t help hugging my son tightly.A warm current welled up in
my heart， although it was freezing cold outside.
演示完毕 感谢观看 !题组训练（一）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Let’s face it — reading a paperback novel and listening to an audiobook are two completely separate reading experiences.However， despite their physical significant differences， audiobooks and regular books share more similarities than you may think.Although listening to an audiobook doesn’t require you to sit down and peruse pages with your eyes， both methods allow you to fulfill the common purpose of acquiring information from a book.
　　The main difference between the two comes from the way the messages are decoded in your mind.Spoken language and written language are processed differently by the brain， meaning that you can receive the same information from two different sources， but they’ll be processed through different parts of the brain.To illustrate， listening activates the hearing center of the brain， while reading the written word is processed by the visual cortex （皮层）.
　　This phenomenon also depends on the type of information being processed.For instance， a fiction novel being read for pleasure will be processed differently than a non-fiction book you are studying for academic or professional purposes.This is because you read fiction novels for entertainment， which can easily be forgotten afterward.Non-fiction is read for the purpose of retaining information for later use.In either case， whether you are reading a book or listening to one， the brain will process both fictional and non-fictional material and retain information， respectively.
　　Audiobooks and physical books may have their differences， but they share a common denominator： absorbing information from a book.As such， audiobooks can technically count as reading， as both outcomes are relatively the same.
　　Actually， audiobooks are more than just something to listen to — they’re a way for people to continue learning while on the go and to maintain motivation to practice self-care and improvement.More importantly， they can improve both brain function and physical aspects of your daily life.
1.What’s the difference between reading a paperback book and listening to an audiobook？（　　）
A.They lead to different results. B.They offer different resources.
C.They serve different purposes. D.They use different brain regions.
2.What can we learn about a non-fiction book？（　　）
A.People usually read it for pleasure. B.Reading it is less time-consuming.
C.It will be forgotten more easily afterwards. D.Reading it involves more conscious effort.
3.What does the underlined word “denominator” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A.Theory.　　　　　　B.Feature. C.Concept.　　　　　　D.Principle.
4.What will the author probably talk about in the paragraphs that follow？（　　）
A.The health benefits of audiobooks.
B.The advantages of paperback books.
C.The similarities between audiobooks and physical books.
D.The differences between audiobooks and physical books.
B
　　（2024·九省联考）Parrots are prey animals， which means that other predators （捕食者） in the wild， such as hawks or snakes， are looking to make them into a meal.This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your house more than any other.
　　Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground.Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators.The most common predators of parrots include hawks， snakes， cats， monkeys， and bats.Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.
　　As prey animals， parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively （本能地） react to risks.Their first choice is to take flight.However， if this is not possible， they will fight with their powerful beaks to defend themselves.
　　Because their biggest enemy is the hawk， parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind.For this reason， it is wise to avoid quick， sudden movements near your bird.This is a built-in reaction not subject to logic or reason.Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird.For example， a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose （吸尘器软管） may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.
　　As prey animals， parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers.It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability.Variety in diet and toys， travel， and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.
5.What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild？（　　）
A.Living in a group. B.Growing beautiful feathers.
C.Feeding on the ground. D.Avoiding coming out at night.
6.What is parrots’ first response to an immediate risk？（　　）
A.To attack back. B.To get away.
C.To protect the young. D.To play dead.
7.Why would a balloon frighten a parrot？（　　）
A.It may explode suddenly. B.It may be in a strange shape.
C.It may have a strong color. D.It may move around quickly.
8.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text？（　　）
A.To explain wild parrots’ behavior. B.To give advice on raising a parrot.
C.To call for action to protect animals. D.To introduce a study on bird ecology.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·武汉调研考试）When I was in third grade， my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country.It turned out to be more than just a 　9　 journey；it was a journey of discovery into our 　10　.
　　Every day， Dad 　11　 us with his trusty road map.Mom， the heart of our family， shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 　12　.We went through diverse 　13　 from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
　　One day， while hiking through the Grand Canyon， I 　14　 a particularly rough path.Frightened， I 　15　， not knowing how to proceed.That’s when my parents 　16　.
　　As Dad showed me footholds， Mom coached me with calming 　17　 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead.Then， I 　18　 the confidence as my feet 　19　 solid ground again.When I finally overcame my fear， I felt we became 　20　 as a family.
　　From then on， every evening， we’d gather around a campfire for what we 　21　 called “Family Reflection Time”.During these sessions， we’d share laughter， 　22　， and insights from the day’s experiences.
　　The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route， and the family bonds formed when we face 　23　 together.
9.（　）A.crowded　 　　　　　B.physical　 　　　　　 C.creative　 　　　　　D.necessary
10.（　）A.relationships B.potentials C.dreams D.inspirations
11.（　）A.guided B.encouraged C.comforted D.attracted
12.（　）A.events B.stations C.locations D.shows
13.（　）A.cultures B.landscapes C.groups D.countries
14.（　）A.imagined B.constructed C.smoothed D.encountered
15.（　）A.froze B.flew C.fell D.forgot
16.（　）A.reached down B.stood aside C.stepped in D.turned back
17.（　）A.words B.worries C.noises D.thoughts
18.（　）A.lost B.maintained C.demonstrated D.restored
19.（　）A.left B.broke C.found D.dug
20.（　）A.nicer B.tougher C.braver D.closer
21.（　）A.occasionally B.affectionately C.temporarily D.curiously
22.（　）A.sympathies B.conflicts C.tears D.profits
23.（　）A.challenges B.defeats C.oppositions D.uncertainties
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2025·西安模拟）Dream of the Red Chamber， also 24.　　　　　　 （know） as A Dream of Red Mansions， The Story of the Stone， or Chronicles of the Stone， is one of the masterpieces of Chinese fiction.The novel is generally acknowledged to be the 25.　　　　　　 （great） of all Chinese novels.
　　The writer shows deep sympathy 26.　　　　　 the victims of feudal oppression （封建压迫）， especially women like Daiyu and maids like Qingwen and Yuanyang.At the same time， he mercilessly exposes the true nature of the oppressors.All 27.　　　　　　 events described in the novel point to the fact that feudalism， which had lasted for 2，000 years， was becoming rotten， and was about to start going downhill.The Jia family is a mirror 28.　　　　　　 reflects this historical process.
　　The content and meaning of the novel are 29.　　　　　　 rich and deep that a special kind of learning generally called “Red Studies” started shortly after the novel 30.　　　　　　 （publish）， and has been continued to this day.Various 31.　　　　　　 （theory） have been put forward about the author and the novel.Even many details of the story have been explained in different ways by scholars.
　　Even today， many Chinese scholars devote their lifetime to 32.　　　　　　 （study） Dream of the Red Chamber.And there 33.　　　　　　 （be） many professional writers and also fans of Cao’s novel who are trying to rewrite the last 40 chapters of the “Dream”.
Ⅳ.应用文写作
　　（2025·盐城模拟）假定你是校英文报负责人，你报将举行“最美家乡”图文征集活动，请你写一份征稿启事，内容包括：
　　（1）稿件要求；（2）奖励办法。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
题组训练（一）
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。读纸质书和听有声书是两种完全不同的阅读体验，但是，它们有一个共同点——从书中获取信息。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中you can receive the same information from two different sources， but they’ll be processed through different parts of the brain可知，当我们读纸质书和听有声书时，我们获取同样的信息，但是这些信息在大脑中不同的区域被处理。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中you read fiction novels for entertainment， which can easily be forgotten afterward.Non-fiction is read for the purpose of retaining information for later use可知，我们阅读虚构小说是为了娱乐，之后很容易被遗忘；而阅读非虚构类书籍是为了学术或专业目的，需要保留信息以备以后使用。由此可以判断，阅读非虚构类书籍需要付出更多有意识的努力。
3.B　词义猜测题。画线词后面的absorbing information from a book是读纸质书和听有声书所共同具有的一个“特征”。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本段先指出听有声书不仅仅是人们在忙碌生活中继续学习的一种方式，然后强调有声书可以改善你的大脑功能和身体健康。由此可推知，文章接下来有可能承接上文，继续阐述有声书对身体健康带来的好处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的行为特性和生存策略。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，加入一个群体可以在一定程度上确保它们的安全和提高它们在被捕食者攻击时的生存机会。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，鹦鹉对直接风险的第一反应是飞走，也就是逃跑。
7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句和最后一句中a balloon may represent a hawk可知，由于鹦鹉最大的敌人是鹰，因此，它对来自上方和后方的快速移动反应较大；在鹦鹉眼里，家里的气球可能代表了鹰。由此推知，气球之所以会吓到鹦鹉是因为气球会迅速四处移动。
8.B　写作意图题。文章前三段介绍了鹦鹉在野外容易受到攻击，对快速移动的事物反应强烈，群居的话会比较安全；第四段讲到由于野外生存养成的条件反射，鹦鹉会对家里的一些事物反应激烈；最后一段讲到家养鹦鹉时要注意让其从小就接触安全体验和变化以便更灵活地适应环境。总之，整篇文章都是为了引出家养鹦鹉时应该如何让鹦鹉更适应变化、更具灵活性。因此，作者写本文的目的是给读者提供居家饲养鹦鹉的建议和注意事项。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在一次家庭旅行中，出现突发情况。在父母共同帮助下，作者克服恐惧，重拾自信，发现与家人之间的关系更亲近了。
9.B　根据上文中的my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country可知，这既然是一次难忘的旅行，就不能仅仅是身体层面的。
10.A　根据全文内容可知，这不仅是一次身体上的旅行，更是发现我们家庭关系的探索之旅。通过旅途中的事件，让全家人关系更近了。
11.A　根据本句中的his trusty road map可知，父亲用地图的目的是指引方向。
12.C　根据本句中的shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming可知，母亲不仅分享各种民间故事还画了关于即将到达的地点的图片。
13.B　根据本句中的from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West可知，作者全家经历了从茂密的森林到西部广阔的沙漠的各种风景，这些都属于沿途经历的风景。
14.D　根据上文中的while hiking through the Grand Canyon可知，作者徒步大峡谷时，遇到了一条特别崎岖的道路。
15.A　根据本句中的not knowing how to proceed可知，作者僵在那里，不知道如何继续前行。
16.C　根据下文中的Dad showed me footholds， Mom coached me可知，父母这个时候介入了，都在想方设法帮助作者。
17.A　根据语境可知，母亲用平静的话语指导作者，让作者忘记恐惧。
18.D　根据上文可知，母亲平静的话语安抚了作者，因此作者恢复了信心。
19.C　根据本句中的again可知，之前作者不知道如何前进，经过父母帮助，作者冷静下来，找到坚实的地面。
20.D　根据句中的When I finally overcame my fear可知，作者在父母帮助下，战胜了恐惧。经过本次事件，一家人关系更亲密了。
21.B　根据语境可知，历经此事，全家每晚都会聚集在篝火旁，亲切地称之为“家庭反思时间”。
22.C　根据上文描述的大家聚在篝火旁反思可知，全家分享欢笑和眼泪，还有一天的经历。
23.A　根据上文可知，作者经历了这次挑战，感觉与家人的关系更近了。因此得出结论：家庭纽带是在共同面对挑战时形成的。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国“四大名著”之一——《红楼梦》。
24.known　考查非谓语动词。这里表示《红楼梦》以其他名称被人们所知，因此用表达被动概念的过去分词。
25.greatest　考查形容词最高级。本空前面的the以及本空后面的of all Chinese novels暗示这里应用形容词的最高级形式。
26.for　考查介词。show/feel/have sympathy for sb是固定搭配，表示“对某人产生同情”。
27.the　考查冠词。这里的events特指小说中提到的事件，因此用定冠词the。
28.that/which　考查定语从句。这里由关系代词that/which引导一个定语从句，that/which在从句中作主语。
29.so　考查连词。so ...that ...是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。
30.was published　考查时态和语态。该小说是在过去“被出版”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。
31.theories　考查名词复数。前面的Various一词暗示这里的名词需用复数形式。
32.studying　考查非谓语动词。devote ...to doing sth是固定句式，表示“致力于做某事”。
33.are　考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，这里在描述现存的客观事实，因此应用一般现在时。
Ⅳ.
　　With the development of China， your hometown has taken on a new look.To show the beauty of your hometown， The English newspaper of our school is expecting fantastic works by individuals from 1 June until 1 October 2024.
　　Works can be submitted in the form of photos and texts.We will have 20 winners to be awarded.Besides awards， participants will get a chance to see their works featured on the school website.
　　If you are interested， you can submit your works by e-mailing.I do hope everyone can take an active part！
3 / 4(共35张PPT)
题组训练（一）
高中总复习·英语 (北师大版)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Let’s face it — reading a paperback novel and listening to an audiobook
are two completely separate reading experiences.However， despite their
physical significant differences， audiobooks and regular books share more
similarities than you may think.Although listening to an audiobook doesn’t
require you to sit down and peruse pages with your eyes， both methods allow
you to fulfill the common purpose of acquiring information from a book.
　　The main difference between the two comes from the way the messages are
decoded in your mind.Spoken language and written language are processed
differently by the brain， meaning that you can receive the same information
from two different sources， but they’ll be processed through different parts of
the brain.To illustrate， listening activates the hearing center of the brain，
while reading the written word is processed by the visual cortex （皮层）.
　　This phenomenon also depends on the type of information being
processed.For instance， a fiction novel being read for pleasure will be
processed differently than a non-fiction book you are studying for academic or
professional purposes.This is because you read fiction novels for
entertainment， which can easily be forgotten afterward.Non-fiction is read for
the purpose of retaining information for later use.In either case， whether you
are reading a book or listening to one， the brain will process both fictional and
non-fictional material and retain information， respectively.
　　Audiobooks and physical books may have their differences， but they
share a common denominator： absorbing information from a book.As such，
audiobooks can technically count as reading， as both outcomes are relatively
the same.
　　Actually， audiobooks are more than just something to listen to —
they’re a way for people to continue learning while on the go and to maintain
motivation to practice self-care and improvement.More importantly， they can
improve both brain function and physical aspects of your daily life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。读纸质书和听有声书是两种完全不同的
阅读体验，但是，它们有一个共同点——从书中获取信息。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。读纸质书和听有声书是两种完全不同的
阅读体验，但是，它们有一个共同点——从书中获取信息。
1. What’s the difference between reading a paperback book and listening to an
audiobook？（　　）
A. They lead to different results.
B. They offer different resources.
C. They serve different purposes.
D. They use different brain regions.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中you can receive the same information
from two different sources， but they’ll be processed through different parts of
the brain可知，当我们读纸质书和听有声书时，我们获取同样的信息，但
是这些信息在大脑中不同的区域被处理。
√
2. What can we learn about a non-fiction book？（　　）
A. People usually read it for pleasure.
B. Reading it is less time-consuming.
C. It will be forgotten more easily afterwards.
D. Reading it involves more conscious effort.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中you read fiction novels for
entertainment， which can easily be forgotten afterward.Non-fiction is read for
the purpose of retaining information for later use可知，我们阅读虚构小说是
为了娱乐，之后很容易被遗忘；而阅读非虚构类书籍是为了学术或专业目
的，需要保留信息以备以后使用。由此可以判断，阅读非虚构类书籍需要
付出更多有意识的努力。
3. What does the underlined word “denominator” in Paragraph 4 mean？
（　　）
A. Theory. B. Feature.
C. Concept. D. Principle.
解析：　词义猜测题。画线词后面的absorbing information from a book是
读纸质书和听有声书所共同具有的一个“特征”。
√
4. What will the author probably talk about in the paragraphs that follow？
（　　）
A. The health benefits of audiobooks.
B. The advantages of paperback books.
C. The similarities between audiobooks and physical books.
D. The differences between audiobooks and physical books.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本段先指出听有声书不仅仅是人们在忙碌生活中继续学习的一种方式，然后强调有声书可以改善你的大脑功能和身体健康。由此可推知，文章接下来有可能承接上文，继续阐述有声书对身体健康带来的好处。
√
B
　　（2024·九省联考）Parrots are prey animals， which means that other
predators （捕食者） in the wild， such as hawks or snakes， are looking to
make them into a meal.This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your
house more than any other.
　　Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground.Membership in a
group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their
chances of survival from attacks by predators.The most common predators of
parrots include hawks， snakes， cats， monkeys， and bats.Some predators
make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.
　　As prey animals， parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they
instinctively （本能地） react to risks.Their first choice is to take
flight.However， if this is not possible， they will fight with their powerful
beaks to defend themselves.
　　Because their biggest enemy is the hawk， parrots are especially reactive to
quick movements from above and behind.For this reason， it is wise to avoid
quick， sudden movements near your bird.This is a built-in reaction not subject
to logic or reason.Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw
extreme fear responses from a bird.For example， a balloon may represent a
hawk or a vacuum hose （吸尘器软管） may be the same as a snake in your
bird’s mind.
　　As prey animals， parrots are often frightened by exposure to new
household items or strangers.It is important to expose your bird to safe
experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and
improve their adaptability.Variety in diet and toys， travel， and exposure to
new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to
change.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的
行为特性和生存策略。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的
行为特性和生存策略。
5. What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild？
（　　）
A. Living in a group.
B. Growing beautiful feathers.
C. Feeding on the ground.
D. Avoiding coming out at night.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，加入一个群体可以在一
定程度上确保它们的安全和提高它们在被捕食者攻击时的生存机会。
√
6. What is parrots’ first response to an immediate risk？（　　）
A. To attack back.
B. To get away.
C. To protect the young.
D. To play dead.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，鹦鹉对直接风险的
第一反应是飞走，也就是逃跑。
√
7. Why would a balloon frighten a parrot？（　　）
A. It may explode suddenly.
B. It may be in a strange shape.
C. It may have a strong color.
D. It may move around quickly.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句和最后一句中a balloon may
represent a hawk可知，由于鹦鹉最大的敌人是鹰，因此，它对来自上方和
后方的快速移动反应较大；在鹦鹉眼里，家里的气球可能代表了鹰。由此
推知，气球之所以会吓到鹦鹉是因为气球会迅速四处移动。
√
8. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text？（　　）
A. To explain wild parrots’ behavior.
B. To give advice on raising a parrot.
C. To call for action to protect animals.
D. To introduce a study on bird ecology.
√
解析：　写作意图题。文章前三段介绍了鹦鹉在野外容易受到攻击，对快速移动的事物反应强烈，群居的话会比较安全；第四段讲到由于野外生存养成的条件反射，鹦鹉会对家里的一些事物反应激烈；最后一段讲到家养鹦鹉时要注意让其从小就接触安全体验和变化以便更灵活地适应环境。总之，整篇文章都是为了引出家养鹦鹉时应该如何让鹦鹉更适应变化、更具灵活性。因此，作者写本文的目的是给读者提供居家饲养鹦鹉的建议和注意事项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·武汉调研考试）When I was in third grade， my family and I
took on an unforgettable trip across the country.It turned out to be more than
just a 　9　 journey；it was a journey of discovery into our 　10　.
　　Every day， Dad 　11　 us with his trusty road map.Mom， the heart of
our family， shared folk tales and painted pictures about the
upcoming 　12　.We went through diverse 　13　 from the thick forests to the
vast deserts of the West.
　　One day， while hiking through the Grand Canyon， I 　14　 a
particularly rough path.Frightened， I 　15　， not knowing how to
proceed.That’s when my parents 　16　.
　　As Dad showed me footholds， Mom coached me with calming 　17　
and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead.Then， I 　18　 the
confidence as my feet 　19　 solid ground again.When I finally overcame my
fear， I felt we became 　20　 as a family.
　　From then on， every evening， we’d gather around a campfire for what
we 　21　 called “Family Reflection Time”.During these sessions， we’d
share laughter， 　22　， and insights from the day’s experiences.
　　The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about
reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the
route， and the family bonds formed when we face 　23　 together.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在一次家庭旅行中，出现突发情况。在
父母共同帮助下，作者克服恐惧，重拾自信，发现与家人之间的关系更
亲近了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在一次家庭旅行中，出现突发情况。在
父母共同帮助下，作者克服恐惧，重拾自信，发现与家人之间的关系更
亲近了。
9. A. crowded B. physical
C. creative D. necessary
√
解析：　根据上文中的my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across
the country可知，这既然是一次难忘的旅行，就不能仅仅是身体层面的。
10. A. relationships B. potentials
C. dreams D. inspirations
解析：　根据全文内容可知，这不仅是一次身体上的旅行，更是发现我
们家庭关系的探索之旅。通过旅途中的事件，让全家人关系更近了。
√
11. A. guided B. encouraged
C. comforted D. attracted
√
解析：根据本句中的his trusty road map可知，父亲用地图的目的是指引方向。
12. A. events B. stations
C. locations D. shows
解析：　根据本句中的shared folk tales and painted pictures about the
upcoming可知，母亲不仅分享各种民间故事还画了关于即将到达的地点的
图片。
√
13. A. cultures B. landscapes
C. groups D. countries
√
解析：　根据本句中的from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West可
知，作者全家经历了从茂密的森林到西部广阔的沙漠的各种风景，这些都
属于沿途经历的风景。
14. A. imagined B. constructed
C. smoothed D. encountered
解析：　根据上文中的while hiking through the Grand Canyon可知，作者
徒步大峡谷时，遇到了一条特别崎岖的道路。
√
15. A. froze B. flew C. fell D. forgot
√
解析：　根据本句中的not knowing how to proceed可知，作者僵在那里，
不知道如何继续前行。
16. A. reached down B. stood aside
C. stepped in D. turned back
解析：　根据下文中的Dad showed me footholds， Mom coached me可知，父母这个时候介入了，都在想方设法帮助作者。
√
17. A. words B. worries
C. noises D. thoughts
√
解析：根据语境可知，母亲用平静的话语指导作者，让作者忘记恐惧。
18. A. lost B. maintained
C. demonstrated D. restored
解析：根据上文可知，母亲平静的话语安抚了作者，因此作者恢复了信心。
√
19. A. left B. broke C. found D. dug
√
解析：　根据本句中的again可知，之前作者不知道如何前进，经过父母
帮助，作者冷静下来，找到坚实的地面。
20. A. nicer B. tougher C. braver D. closer
√
解析：　根据句中的When I finally overcame my fear可知，作者在父母帮
助下，战胜了恐惧。经过本次事件，一家人关系更亲密了。
21. A. occasionally B. affectionately
C. temporarily D. curiously
解析：根据语境可知，历经此事，全家每晚都会聚集在篝火旁，亲切地称之为“家庭反思时间”。
√
22. A. sympathies B. conflicts
C. tears D. profits
√
解析：　根据上文描述的大家聚在篝火旁反思可知，全家分享欢笑和眼
泪，还有一天的经历。
23. A. challenges B. defeats
C. oppositions D. uncertainties
解析：　根据上文可知，作者经历了这次挑战，感觉与家人的关系更近
了。因此得出结论：家庭纽带是在共同面对挑战时形成的。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2025·西安模拟）Dream of the Red Chamber， also
24. 　　　　　　 （know） as A Dream of Red Mansions， The Story of the
Stone， or Chronicles of the Stone， is one of the masterpieces of Chinese
fiction.The novel is generally acknowledged to be the 25. 　　　　 （great）
of all Chinese novels.
　　The writer shows deep sympathy 26. 　　　　　 the victims of feudal
oppression （封建压迫）， especially women like Daiyu and maids like
Qingwen and Yuanyang.At the same time， he mercilessly exposes the true
nature of the oppressors.All 27. 　　　　　　 events described in the novel
point to the fact that feudalism， which had lasted for 2，000 years， was
becoming rotten， and was about to start going downhill.The Jia family is a
mirror 28. 　　　　　　 reflects this historical process.
　　The content and meaning of the novel are 29. 　　　　　　 rich and deep
that a special kind of learning generally called “Red Studies” started shortly
after the novel 30. 　　　　　　 （publish）， and has been continued to this
day.Various 31. 　　　　　　 （theory） have been put forward about the
author and the novel.Even many details of the story have been explained in
different ways by scholars.
　　Even today， many Chinese scholars devote their lifetime to
32. 　　　　　　 （study） Dream of the Red Chamber.And there
33. 　　　　　　 （be） many professional writers and also fans of Cao’s
novel who are trying to rewrite the last 40 chapters of the “Dream”.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国“四大名著”之
一——《红楼梦》。
24. known　考查非谓语动词。这里表示《红楼梦》以其他名称被人们所
知，因此用表达被动概念的过去分词。
25. greatest　考查形容词最高级。本空前面的the以及本空后面的of all
Chinese novels暗示这里应用形容词的最高级形式。
26. for　考查介词。show/feel/have sympathy for sb是固定搭配，表示“对
某人产生同情”。
27. the　考查冠词。这里的events特指小说中提到的事件，因此用定冠词
the。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国“四大名著”之
一——《红楼梦》。
28. that/which　考查定语从句。这里由关系代词that/which引导一个定语从
句，that/which在从句中作主语。
29. so　考查连词。so ...that ...是固定句型，表示“如此……以至
于……”。
30. was published　考查时态和语态。该小说是在过去“被出版”，因此用
一般过去时的被动语态。
31. theories　考查名词复数。前面的Various一词暗示这里的名词需用复数
形式。
32. studying　考查非谓语动词。devote ...to doing sth是固定句式，表示
“致力于做某事”。
33. are　考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，这里在描述现存的客观事
实，因此应用一般现在时。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
　　（2025·盐城模拟）假定你是校英文报负责人，你报将举行“最美家
乡”图文征集活动，请你写一份征稿启事，内容包括：
　　（1）稿件要求；
　　（2）奖励办法。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
　　With the development of China， your hometown has taken on a new
look.To show the beauty of your hometown， The English newspaper of our
school is expecting fantastic works by individuals from 1 June until 1 October
2024.
　　Works can be submitted in the form of photos and texts.We will have 20
winners to be awarded.Besides awards， participants will get a chance to see
their works featured on the school website.
　　If you are interested， you can submit your works by e-mailing.I do hope
everyone can take an active part！
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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