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浙江省杭州市拱墅区2025年中考二模英语试题
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Materials ◇A wide glass jar with a lid ◇Very hot water ◇Some ice ◇ A match Very important! Only parents deal with matches!!!
Steps 1. Turn the lid upside down and fill it with ice. 2. Fill the jar about 1.5cm with very hot water. 3. Ask your parent to light a match. Then blow out the match just above the jar. Hold the smoking stick inside. (You want smoke from the match to fill the jar.) 4. Quickly put the lid with ice on the jar. Cover the jar completely. 5. Let the cloud form for a few minutes. Then take the lid off and meet the cloud!
Result A real cloud comes up. But it is not round and it disappears soon.
1．Which is very important when you use matches in the experiment
A．A glass jar. B．Very hot water.
C．Some ice. D．Your parent's help.
2．What is the right order of "making the cloud"
①②③④⑤
A．①②③⑤④ B．①③⑤②④ C．①④③⑤② D．①⑤②③④
3．Where does the text probably come from
A．A novel. B．A storybook.
C．A travel guide. D．A science magazine.
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Lucy was a talented middle school student who loved to spend her time painting quietly. But she didn't have the confidence to show her work.
One day, her art teacher, Ms. Thompson, said there was a coming art show where students could show their artworks. Lucy was excited but afraid at the same time. She was afraid that others will give their opinions about her creation.
Ms. Thompson noticed Lucy's worry and decided to help her deal with her fear. She came up with a special idea and told it to Lucy. Lucy liked this idea and started working on her painting.
The day of the art show arrived. When the students came to Lucy's painting, they just saw a piece of blank (空白的) paper. This made them surprised, and they asked Lucy about her painting. Lucy brushed some water on it and the beautiful painting appeared. There was a beautiful sun over the sea. They could also see some white clouds and a small ship.
Lucy's classmates were amazed by her invisible (隐形的) painting. They couldn't understand why they couldn't see the painting without water. Lucy explained to them that the painting was drawn with special paints. It would show its color when it was wet. Slowly, Lucy began to talk more. She told her classmates about her love for art and her fear of being laughed at. To her surprise, they were nice and thought how special and creative her painting was.
The invisible art helped Lucy not be afraid any more of showing her art to others. It also taught her the importance of expressing and believing herself.
4．How did Lucy feel about the coming art show
A．Strange and sad. B．Angry and worried.
C．Excited but afraid. D．Uninterested but confident.
5．What was Ms. Thompson's idea
A． Buying good painting tools.
B．Drawing a special painting.
C．Asking students to support Lucy.
D．Choosing the sea as the subject of the painting
6．How would Lucy become after the art show
A．She would never take part in art shows again.
B．She would paint more pictures after the art show.
C．She would like to be an art teacher like Ms. Thompson
D．She would be more willing to talk to others about her works.
7．What's the best title for the text
A．A Patient Teacher B．The Love for Art
C．An Unusual Show D．The Magic of Invisible Art
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
①Climate change is happening. It is having a strong effect on areas of the world.
②Other than causing terrible storms in some places or periods of no rain for months at a time in other places, climate change has influenced the temperature of the sea near land. When the temperature of the sea changes, this influences sea animals. People who make their living in some way from the sea will have a hard time as the sea animals begin to die off. On top of this, higher temperatures are causing ice mountains to melt, which is causing sea levels around the world to rise.
③Rising sea levels are a big problem. As areas of land beside the sea go under the water, the animals that used to live in these areas are forced to find new homes. Freshwater lakes located near the seas also become filled with salt water. In addition to these lakes, certain lands that are normally wet but still above sea level become flooded. These lands are necessary for the environment because they can help take out some kinds of poisons (毒物) from water. They can also slow down or stop flooding of dry land above them. Because of the rising sea levels, some places that did not experience floods before, like farms far from the sea, now get flooded.
④Rising sea levels also have a big effect on how people live. For example, when the sea level rises and the salt water moves higher up on the land, it can go into the ground and get into areas where people get the fresh water they drink. Water from the sea is bad for cars, trucks, and boats. Bridges and roads can also be hurt by water from the sea. The walls people build to keep water out of cities and towns are in trouble, too.
8．How does the rising temperature influence sea animals
A．It makes them disappear.
B．It makes them change their colors
C．It makes them change their shapes
D．It makes them find their new homes.
9．What can help keep the water clean according to the text
A．Salt. B．Wet lands.
C．Sea animals. D．Farms far from the sea.
10．What does the underlined word "it" refer to in Paragraph 4
A．The rain. B．The sea level.
C．The salt water. D．The fresh water.
11．What is the structure of the text (P=Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
We know that AI is not a real human. However, it seems many of us can't help treating it like one. In a survey of 2000 people in the US. 48 percent believed we should have good manners when talking to AI, said The New York Post.
Scientists at the Imperial College London in the UK have made a similar discovery recently. They found that humans tend (往往会) to treat AI as human beings showing sympathy (同情) toward them and even protecting them, Science Daily reported.
In their experiment, the scientists invited 244 volunteers to play an online ball game with an AI bot. A make-believe volunteer also took part, and sometimes left out the AI on purpose by passing the ball only to human players. As the scientists watched the game, they discovered that most of the time the volunteers tried to fix the unfairness (不公平) toward the bot by giving it the ball more often.
The finding is in line with the ideas of Media Equation Theory, the scientists said in their papers. Developed in the 1990s by scientists at Stanford University in the US, the theory suggests we often reply to media and technology like we do to real people and places, rather than just seeing them as tools.
An example is Replika an AI chatbot created in 2017. It has about 2 million users worldwide. "Your Replika will always be your side no matter what you are up to," reads its official website. But the AI's support turned dangerous when it encouraged Jaswant Singh Chail, a young man in the UK, to carry out his plan to kill the Queen of England. Chail tried to do so in December 2021, but he was stopped in time. However, he was still put in prison.
Companies should avoid making AI too human-like in their design, advised the scientists at Imperial College London. This can help people tell the difference between virtual and real communication.
12．Which of the following is TRUEbased on Media Equation Theory
A．Humans always treat AI as tools.
B．Humans often reply to AI as to real people.
C．Humans should make AI less human-like.
D．Humans tried to fix unfairness in the game.
13．What does the author want to tell us by mentioning "Replika" in the article
A．AI has educational advantages.
B．AI can influence humans in some ways.
C．AI is designed for some purposes.
D．AI can't be used in social communication.
14．What can be inferred (推断) from the article
A．AI always has bad influence on humans.
B．Nearly half people in the US treat AI politely.
C．Treating AI more carefully is a must for humans.
D．Companies won't make AI as friends any more.
15．The following sentence can best be put at the end of ____.
While this could make humans and AI work better as a team, it also has risks, especially when AI bots are designed to act like"friends" to people.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下面材料，从文后所给的A—E五个选项中选出正确选项 (其中一项是多余选项)，并回答第5小题。
Every country and family across the world has their own special customs for celebrating special days such as birthdays. Maybe your family visit a favorite restaurant each birthday, or wake up to a big breakfast of pancakes. 　16． 　 Let's take a look at some cool birthday traditions from around the world.
Pull ears in Spain
As well as cakes, singing, and presents, birthdays in Spain come with a fun custom: ear pulling. 　17． 　 The birthday person gets their earlobe (耳垂) softly pulled once for each year of their age. Though we're not sure where this strange habit started, some believe that since ears are one part of the body that never stops growing, pulling ears may mean a longer life.
　18． 　
There are so many foods that are served at birthday parties in Australia. These are typically simple, sweet treats. The most popular of all is one called "fairy bread". It's a kind of white bread, with thick butter on it, and it is covered with sprinkles (着色珠子糖). These sprinkles are really pretty and make the bread look magical, and that's why it's called "fairy bread".
Show your love through cake in Brazil
In Brazil, it's a tradition to share the first piece of your birthday cake with the person you love the most. 　19． 　 Some families break it down even more with specific (特有的) traditions and honors special to them.
A. Enjoy fairy bread in Australia B. Food plays an important role on birthdays C. This might be a parent, cousin, or grandparent. D. This tradition is known as "los tirones de oreja" E. But have you ever wondered what people from other countries do on their birthdays
What do you think of these birthday customs Why (Answer with no more than 20 words)　20． 　
（2025·拱墅模拟） 完形填空
"Mom, please, please," I asked. "Please, by myself " I'm nine years old now, and I'm 21． enough to do many things. My friend Emmie has been 22． cupcakes by herself for a year. I had never made cookies by myself.
My parents looked at me with 23． in their eyes. Would they let me do it I held my breath. "OK" Mom said. " 24． Alana, please be careful."
I raced to the kitchen. I broke eggs and put some hard butter into the bowl. Using a mixer was 25． for me. I had done it with Mom many times before. I turned on the mixer. "Whoa!" I cried. What a 26． ! The butter was everywhere, even on my face. I had to clean it up.
I wondered 27． it happened. Then I realized I should use softer butter instead. Following the 28． , I put rounded batter (面糊) onto the cookie paper and put it into the oven. Within a minute, a fantastic 29． filled the kitchen! I, Alana Ames, was going to show everyone I have 30． now.
I looked into the oven. Oh, no! The cookie had melted (熔化) into cookie soup. I looked up the 31． from the book. Then I saw it. Right after "Add salt" and before "Mix well", it said "Add two cups of flour (面粉)". I forgot that!
I had to 32． this mess-FAST! I took the bowl and added flour. Then the pan was back in the oven in no time. I 33． the time until the cookies were done. Once they had cooled, I brought a plate of them into the living room, where my parents were waiting.
"Oh, Alana Ames," my mom said, smiling. "You did it. All by 34． ."
"Great job, Alana," Dad said, finishing his second cookie. "These are delicious!"
From this experience, I have learned to do things 35． and patiently. Now I fall in love with making cookies.
21．A． brave B． old C． smart D． strong
22．A． cooking B． buying C． eating D． sharing
23．A． pride B． interest C． doubt D． care
24．A． And B． But C． So D． Or
25．A． new B． crazy C． noisy D． easy
26．A． mess B． pity C． surprise D． difference
27．A． what B． when C． where D． why
28．A． storybook B． cookbook C． textbook D． copybook
29．A． smell B． sound C． light D． smoke
30．A． given up B． broken up C． grown up D． woken up
31．A． inventions B． questions C． steps D． situations
32．A． fix B． hide C． lose D． make
33．A． passed B． counted C． told D． called
34．A． myself B． yourself C． himself D． herself
35．A． carefully B． quickly C． politely D． purposely
（2025·拱墅模拟） 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确。每词仅用一次。
ancient energy connect record be used for
In Chinese culture, the red color stands for many good things, such as 　36． 　and happiness. But you had better not write names or letters with red pens. Why
In 　37． 　 times red was the symbol of power. Not everyone could write with red pens-only emperors. Writing names with red pens was also　38． 　with death. So people 　39． 　 the criminals' names with red pens. Since words written in red carried bad meanings, people didn't write letters with red pens. Nowadays, red pens 　40． 　 proofreading (校对). Teachers mark students' homework with a red pen. But writing names or letters with red pens is still a bad idea.
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式。每空一词。
One beautiful winter morning, a young boy stepped into a shop that had a public telephone. He found a wooden box, 　41． 　(爬) on top, and reached for the phone buttons to dial numbers. He asked a lady on the phone, "Madam, would you give me a 　42． 　 (机会) to cut the lawn of your garden "
The woman on the other end said, "Sorry, kid. I already have 　43． 　 (某人) for my garden."
The boy kept saying, "Madam, I'll cut your lawn for half the　44． 　 (价格) of your current (现在的) service provider." The woman said, "I'm quite 　45． 　 (满意的) with the person who is now taking care of my lawn. He is doing an excellent job."
"Madam, I'll even sweep your doorway. I promise your lawn will be the most 　46． 　 (漂亮的) in Palm Beach. Florida, by Sunday," the boy said. "No thank you," the woman 　47． 　 (回复). With a smile, the little boy hung up the phone. The store owner was impressed by the boy's positive 　48． 　 (精神). He went up to the boy and said, "Son, I would like to offer you a job."
To the store owner's surprise, the boy 　49． 　 (有礼貌地) refused him. "No, thanks, but I already have a job."
"Weren't you just asking for a job from the lady on the phone " asked the store owner.
The little boy 　50． 　 (解释), "No, sir. I was just checking how well I'm doing at the job I already have, I'm the one working for the lady I talked to."
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Lunar Calendars depend on the position of the moon. So the date of the new year changes each year, and different 　51． 　 (place) start the new year at different time. In China and in many other places people usually celebrate Lunar New Year in January or February.
Each year in the lunar calendar is named after an animal. The first year is the Year of the Rat. The second year is the Year of the Ox. The 　52． 　 (three) year is the Year of the Tiger, then the Year of the Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Pig. After 12 years, the animals repeat. This means that 　53． 　 the Year of the Pig, it's the Year of the Rat again. And every animal has certain meanings. 　54． 　 example, the rabbit is kind and polite. So if you were 　55． 　 (bear) in the Year of the Rabbit, you are probably kind and polite! Chinese people love the idea 　56． 　 it's only people's good wishes and it may not be true.
On New Year's Eve, Chinese people lay the table and have a big meal with families. Chinese people also set off firecrackers. They make a loud noise to drive away the monster "nian". In Korea, families have the tradition of playing 　57． 　 (tradition) board games together. During Lunar New Year, children give their parents and grandparents good wishes for the new year.
Older members of the family give 　58． 　 (child) money, usually in small packets (小包). These packets are red in China and Vietnam, because red is a lucky color.
People celebrate Lunar New Year 　59． 　 many different ways, but all the celebrations are about 　60． 　 (wish) everyone good things.
61．（2025·拱墅模拟） 初中毕业后的暑假，很多学生会计划选择外出旅行，也有不少学生选择尝试暑期志愿者活动。请你结合下表内容，选择其中一种方式说明，并阐述你的理由。
Travel Do volunteer work
Plans ·where to go ·who to go with ·what to do ·…
Reasons ·relax oneself ·get a lot of knowledge ·meet different kinds of people ·… ·put what you've learnt into practice ·learn new skills ·get a different experience of life ·…
注意：
1. 文中必须包含你所选方式中的所有要点，并适当补充；
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、地名和校名；
3. 词数：90～110；
4. 短文首句仅供参考，不计入总词数。
I'm going to finish my junior high school this summer.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．D
【知识点】科普类；说明文；细节理解；文章出处
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个制作云朵的实验。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终选择正确答案。
1．细节理解题。根据表格第1行Very important!Only parents deal with matches!!!(非常重要!只有父母来处理火柴!!!)，可知重要的是，用火柴的时候需要父母帮助。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据表格第2行Steps的步骤1.Turn the lid upside down and fill it with ice.2.Fill the jar about 1.5cm with very hot water.3.Ask your parent to light a match.Then blow out the match just above the jar.Hold the smoking stick inside.(You want smoke from the match to fill the jar.)4.Quickly put the lid with ice on the jar.Cover the jar completely.5.Let the cloud form for a few minutes.Then take the lid off and meet the cloud!(1.把盖子倒过来，放入冰块。2.向罐子中注入大约1.5厘米的热水。3.请你父母点燃一根火柴。然后在罐子上方吹灭火柴。把烟棒放在里面，(你想让火柴的烟充满罐子) 4.迅速把带冰的盖子放在罐子上。完全盖住罐子。5.让云形成几分钟。那就把盖子拿下来见见云吧)，可知制作云朵的顺序是，首先盖子上放冰，即①；然后罐子里装热水，即③；在罐子上吹火柴，即⑤；带冰盖子放在罐子上，即②；然后就会产生云朵，即④。故选B。
3．文章出处题。A.小说；B.故事书；C.旅行指南；D.科学杂志。根据表格上面Let's do an experiment(实验)to make our own cloud!(让我们做一个实验来制作我们自己的云)，可知短文主要介绍的是一个制作云朵的实验，所以可能在科学杂志上看到。故选D。
【答案】4．C
5．B
6．D
7．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断；标题选择
【解析】【分析】主要讲述了一个名叫露西的中学生，她热爱绘画但缺乏自信，不敢展示自己的作品。在艺术老师Ms. Thompson的鼓励和帮助下，露西画了一幅特殊的隐形画参加艺术展。这幅画在画展上引起了同学们的惊讶和赞赏，也让露西克服了展示自己作品的恐惧。通过这次经历，露西学会了表达和相信自己，也感受到了隐形画的魔力。文章强调了艺术的力量以及表达和相信自己的重要性。
【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
4．细节理解题。根据Lucy was excited but afraid at the same time.可知露西既兴奋又害怕，故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据Lucy liked this idea and started working on her painting.(露西喜欢这个主意，并开始着手她的画作)，而这个主意是Ms. Thompson提出的，结合后文露西画了一幅特殊的画(隐形画)，可以推断出Ms. Thompson的主意是让露西画一幅特殊的画，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据The invisible art helped Lucy not be afraid any more of showing her art to others.It also taught her the importance of expressing and believing herself.(隐形画帮助露西不再害怕向别人展示她的艺术。这也教会了她表达和相信自己有多重要)，可知这表明露西在画展后变得更加愿意与他人谈论她的作品，故选D。
7．标题选择题。根据文章可知主要讲述了露西通过画一幅隐形画来克服展示自己作品的恐惧，并最终得到了同学们的认可和赞赏。隐形画不仅帮助露西克服了恐惧，还教会了她表达和相信自己的重要性。因此，选项D"隐形画的魔力"最能概括文章的主旨。 故选D。
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．C
11．A
【知识点】说明文；天气与生活；细节理解；代词指代；文章结构
【解析】【分析】主要讲述了气候变化对世界某些地区产生的强烈影响，特别是海平面上升对海洋动物、环境和人类生活的影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．细节理解题。根据When the temperature of the sea changes,this influences sea animals. People who make their living in some way from the sea will have a hard time as the sea animals begin to die off.可知当海洋温度变化时，这会影响海洋动物。那些以某种方式从海洋中谋生的人将会面临困难，因为海洋动物开始灭绝，故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据These lands are necessary for the environment because they can help take out some kinds of poisons(毒物)from water.(这些土地对环境来说是必要的，因为它们可以帮助从水中去除一些毒物)，这里的these lands指的是前文提到certain lands that are normally wet but still above sea level，即通常湿润但仍在海平面以上的土地，也就是湿地，故选B。
10．代词指代题。根据when the sea level rises and the salt water moves higher up on the land, it can go into the ground and get into areas where people get the fresh water they drink.可知当海平面上升，咸水在陆地上移动得更高时，它可以渗入地下，进入人们获取饮用水的地区，所以这里的"it"指的是前文提到的"salt water"，即咸水，故选C。
11．文章结构题。文章第一段总述了气候变化正在发生，并对世界某些地区产生了强烈影响。接下来的第二、三、四段分别从气候变化对海洋动物的影响、海平面上升对环境和人类生活的影响三个方面进行了详细阐述。因此，文章的结构为总-分结构，即第一段为总述，第二、三、四段为分述，故选A。
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．C
15．C
【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；人工智能（AI）
【解析】【分析】主要讲了人们会像对待真人一样对待AI，并且通过一个实验来证明了这一点，并且介绍了AI的优点，同时也存在一些风险。
【点评】考查阅读理解，解答时注意细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，选择正确答案。
12．细节理解题。根据the theory suggests we often reply to media and technology like we do to real people and places,rather than just seeing them as tools.(这一理论表明，我们经常像对待真实的人和地方一样回应媒体和技术，而不仅仅是将其视为工具)，可知人们常以对待真实人类的方式回应媒体和技术，而非仅视为工具。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据An example is Replika an AI chatbot created in 2017.It has about 2 million users worldwide."Your Replika will always be your side no matter what you are up to,"reads its official website. But the AI's support turned dangerous when it encouraged Jaswant Singh Chail,a young man in the UK, to carry out his plan to kill the Queen of England.(一个例子是2017年创建的人工智能聊天机器人Replika。它在全球拥有约200万用户。其官方网站上写道："无论你在做什么，你的Replika都会永远在你身边。"。但当人工智能鼓励英国年轻人Jaswant Singh Chail实施杀害英国女王的计划时，它的支持变得危险起来)，可知Replika的例子说明AI的支持导致用户犯罪，说明AI可能对人类行为产生负面影响。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据This can help people tell the difference between virtual and real communication.(这可以帮助人们区分虚拟和真实交流)，可知人们应该更仔细认真地对待AI。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据While this could make humans and AI work better as a team, it also has risks, especially when AI bots are designed to act like"friends" to people.可知虽然这可以使人类和人工智能作为一个团队更好地工作，但它也有风险，特别是当人工智能机器人被设计成与人"朋友"时。题干句子强调"AI被设计为朋友"的风险，与第四段"该理论由美国斯坦福大学的科学家于20世纪90年代提出，认为我们对待媒体和技术的态度，往往就像对待真实的人和地方一样，而不仅仅是将其视为工具。"逻辑衔接紧密，故应置于第四段段尾。故选C。
【答案】16．E；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．I think they're interesting. Because they show unique cultural meanings behind celebrations.
【知识点】说明文；世界主要国家文化习俗
【解析】【分析】主要介绍了世界各地一些独特的生日传统，包括西班牙的拉耳朵习俗、澳大利亚的"仙女面包"以及巴西的与最爱的人分享第一块生日蛋糕的传统。
A.Enjoy fairy bread in Australia在澳大利亚享受仙面包。
B.Food plays an important role on birthdays食物在生日时起着重要作用。
C.This might be a parent, cousin, or grandparent.这可能是父母、堂兄或祖父母。
D.This tradition is known as "los tirones de oreja"这一传统被称为"los tirones de oreja" 。
E.But have you ever wondered what people from other countries do on their birthdays 但你有没有想过其他国家的人在生日那天都做什么？
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂选项意思，然后根据前后句句意和关键词句确定正确答案，最后通读全文确定答案是否正确。
16．根据前句Every country and family across the world has their own special customs for celebrating special days such as birthdays.(世界上每个国家和家庭都有自己的特殊习俗来庆祝生日等特殊日子)，和后文Let's take a look at some cool birthday traditions from around the world.(让我们来看看世界各地一些很酷的生日传统吧)，可知E选项"但是你有没有想过其他国家的人在他们的生日上会做什么呢？"起到了承上启下的作用，既总结了前文提到的不同习俗，又引出了后文要介绍的国外生日传统，因此E选项正确。故选E。
17．根据前句As well as cakes, singing, and presents, birthdays in Spain come with a fun custom: ear pulling.(除了蛋糕、唱歌和礼物，西班牙的生日还有一个有趣的习俗：拉耳朵)，后文详细描述了这一习俗，即过生日的人的耳垂会根据年龄被轻轻拉一下。D选项"这个传统被称为‘los tirones de oreja'"是对这一习俗的命名，与后文内容紧密相连，因此D选项正确。故选D。
18．根据后文The most popular of all is one called "fairy bread".(其中最受欢迎的是一种叫做"仙女面包"的面包)，可知详细描述了澳大利亚的生日传统——吃"仙女面包"，这是一种涂有厚黄油并撒有彩色糖珠的白面包。A选项"在澳大利亚享受仙女面包"作为小标题，概括了后文的主要内容，因此A选项正确。故选A。
19．根据前文In Brazil,it's a tradition to share the first piece of your birthday cake with the person you love the most.(在巴西，与你最爱的人分享你生日蛋糕的第一块是一种传统)，可知在巴西，与最爱的人分享第一块生日蛋糕是一种传统。C选项"这可能是父母、堂兄弟姐妹或祖父母"是对"最爱的人"的具体举例，与前文内容紧密相关，因此C选项正确。故选C。
20．这是一个开放性问题，要求回答者对文中提到的生日习俗发表看法并给出原因。答案"我认为它们很有趣。因为它们展示了庆祝活动背后独特的文化意义"既表达了对这些习俗的兴趣，又给出了合理的解释，即这些习俗反映了不同国家的文化特色。 故填I think they're interesting. Because they show unique cultural meanings behind celebrations.。
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．B；25．D；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．C；31．C；32．A；33．B；34．B；35．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文通过Alana首次独立制作饼干的经历，揭示了成长需要耐心与细致实践的核心主题。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
21．句意：我现在九岁了，我足够大可以做很多事情了。A.brave勇敢的；B.old年龄大的；C.smart聪明的；D.strong强壮的。根据前文提到I'm nine years old now(我现在九岁了)，可知这里强调年龄足够大可以做很多事，所以用"old"，故选B。
22．句意：我的朋友Emmie已经自己烤蛋糕一年了。A.cooking烹饪，烤；B.buying买；C.eating吃；D.sharing分享。根据后文I had never made cookies by myself(我从来没有自己做过饼干)，可知这里说的是自己烤蛋糕，所以用"cooking"，故选A。
23．句意：我的父母用怀疑的眼神看着我。A.pride骄傲；B.interest兴趣；C.doubt怀疑；D.care关心。根据后文Would they let me do it (他们会让我做吗？)，可知父母对"我"能否自己烤饼干持怀疑态度，所以用"doubt"，故选C。
24．句意："但是Alana，请小心点。"妈妈说。A.And和，并且，表示并列；B.But但是，表示转折；C.So所以，表示结果；D.Or或者，表示选择。根据前文妈妈说"OK"同意"我"做，这里又提醒"我"小心，前后是转折关系，所以用"But"，故选B。
25．句意：用搅拌机对我来说很容易。A.new新的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.noisy吵闹的；D.easy容易的。根据后文I had done it with Mom many times before可知"我"之前和妈妈做过很多次，所以用搅拌机对"我"来说很容易，故选D。
26．句意：真是一团糟！A.mess混乱，一团糟；B.pity遗憾；C.surprise惊讶；D.difference不同。根据后文The butter was everywhere, even on my face.I had to clean it up(黄油到处都是，甚至在我的脸上。我必须把它清理干净)，可知这里描述的是一团糟的场景，所以用"mess"，故选A。
27．句意：我想知道为什么会出现这种情况。A.what什么，提问事情；B.when什么时候，提问时间；C.where哪里，提问地点；D.why为什么，提问原因。根据前文The butter was everywhere, even on my face.(黄油到处都是，甚至在我的脸上)，可知"我"想知道为什么会出现黄油到处都是的情况，所以用"why"，故选D。
28．句意：按照食谱，我把圆形的面糊放在烤盘纸上，然后放进烤箱。A.storybook故事书；B.cookbook食谱；C.textbook教科书；D.copybook抄写本。根据后句I put rounded batter (面糊) onto the cookie paper and put it into the oven(我把圆形面糊放在饼干纸上，然后放进烤箱)，可知这里说的是按照食谱做饼干，所以用"cookbook"，故选B。
29．句意：不到一分钟，厨房里就弥漫着一股美妙的香味！A.smell气味；B.sound声音；C.light光；D.smoke烟。根据句子可知烤饼干会散发出香味，所以这里说的是厨房里弥漫着香味，用"smell"，故选A。
30．句意：我Alana Ames要向大家展示我现在已经长大了。A.given up放弃；B.broken up分手、破碎；C.grown up长大；D.woken up醒来。根据前文I'm nine years old now, and I'm old enough to do many things(我现在九岁了，我已经长大了，可以做很多事情了)，可知"我"想展示自己已经长大了，所以用"grown up"，故选C。
31．句意：我从书上查看了步骤。A.inventions发明；B.questions问题；C.steps步骤；D.situations情况。根据后文Right after 'Add salt' and before 'Mix well', it said 'Add two cups of flour (面粉)'(在"加盐"之后和"搅拌均匀"之前，上面写着"加两杯面粉")，可知"我"查看的是做饼干的步骤，所以用"steps"，故选C。
32．句意：我必须尽快解决这个烂摊子！A.fix修理、解决；B.hide隐藏；C.lose失去；D.make制作。this mess这个烂摊子，根据语境可知"我"做的饼干失败了，所以需要解决这个烂摊子，用"fix"，故选A。
33．句意：我数着时间，直到饼干烤好。A.passed通过；B.counted数；C.told告诉；D.called打电话。time时间，结合选项可知这里说的是"我"数着时间等饼干烤好，所以用"counted"，故选B。
34．句意："你自己做到了。"妈妈说。A.myself我自己；B.yourself你自己；C.himself他自己；D.herself她自己。主语是you，所以用you的反身代词yourself，故选B。
35．句意：从这次经历中，我学会了做事要细心和耐心。A.carefully细心地；B.quickly快速地；C.politely礼貌地；D.purposely故意地。and连接并列成分，patiently耐心地，根据语境可知"我"之前做饼干失败了，这次经历让"我"学会了做事要细心和耐心，所以用"carefully"，故选A。
【答案】36．energy；37．ancient；38．connected with；39．recorded；40．are used for
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了红色在中国文化中的象征意义，以及用红笔写字在不同时代的含义和禁忌。过去红色是权力的象征，用红笔写名字与死亡有关，人们用红笔记录罪犯名字；现在红笔用于校对，但用红笔写名字或信件仍是不好的做法。
ancient古代的；energy能量、活力；connect联系；record记录；be used for被用来。
【点评】考查选词填空，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后结合语法和句意确定单词正确形式，最后通读全文确定答案是否正确。
36．句意：在中国文化中，红色代表许多美好的事物，比如活力和幸福。and连接并列成分，happiness幸福，结合选项可知讲的是红色代表活力和幸福，energy能量、活力，不可数名词，故填energy。
37．句意：在古代，红色是权力的象征。ancient times古代，固定搭配，ancient古代的，形容词，修饰名词times，故填ancient。
38．句意：用红笔写名字也与死亡有关联。be connected with...与…… 有关联，固定搭配，故填connected。
39．句意：因此，人们用红笔记录罪犯的名字。people人们，the criminals' name罪犯的名字，with red pens用红笔，根据历史常识，古代常用红笔标注罪犯姓名，record记录，实义动词，was表明时态是一般过去时，所以record用过去式recorded。故填recorded。
40．句意：如今，红笔被用于校对。red pens红笔，proofreading校对，结合选项可知讲的是红笔用来校对，be used for被用于……，固定搭配，nowadays表明时态是一般现在时，主语red pens为复数，所以be动词用are，故填are used for。
【答案】41．climbed；42．chance；43．someone/somebody；44．price；45．satisfied/pleased；46．beautiful；47．replied；48．spirit；49．politely；50．explained
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个聪明的小男孩通过假装求职，暗中检查自己工作表现的故事。
【点评】考查单词拼写，首先根据汉语提示确定单词，然后根据单词所在句子的语法确定单词正确形式。
41．句意：他发现了一个木箱，爬了上去，伸手去按电话按钮拨号。爬用climb，实义动词，found表明时态是一般过去时，所以climb用过去式climbed，故填climbed。
42．句意：女士，您能给我一个机会修剪您花园的草坪吗？机会用chance，可数名词，a后面用可数名词单数，故填chance。
43．句意：抱歉，孩子。我已经有人打理花园了。某人用someone/somebody，复合不定代词，用在肯定句，故填someone/somebody。
44．句意：女士，我可以以您当前服务提供商一半的价格修剪您的草坪。价格用price，可数名词，half表明用单数，故填price。
45．句意：我对现在打理我草坪的人很满意。满意的用satisfied/pleased，形容词，be satisfied/pleased with sb.对某人满意，固定搭配，故填satisfied/pleased。
46．句意：我保证到周日，您的草坪会是佛罗里达州棕榈滩最漂亮的。漂亮的用beautiful，形容词，be动词后面用形容词，the most beautiful最漂亮的，形容词最高级，故填beautiful。
47．句意："不用了，谢谢。" 女士回复道。回复用reply，实义动词，said表明时态是一般过去时，所以reply用过去式replied，故填replied。
48．句意：店主对男孩积极的精神印象深刻。精神用spirit，不可数名词，故填spirit。
49．句意：令店主惊讶的是，男孩有礼貌地拒绝了他。有礼貌地用politely，副词，修饰实义动词refused，故填politely。
50．句意： 小男孩解释说："不，先生。我只是在检查我现在的工作做得怎么样。我就是为那位和我通话的女士工作的人。"解释用explain，实义动词，was表明时态是一般过去时，所以用explain用过去式explained，故填explained。
【答案】51．places；52．third；53．after；54．For；55．born；56．lthough；57．traditional；58．children；59．in；60．wishing
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；中国传统节假日与庆祝活动
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了农历新年的特点、文化内涵及不同地区的庆祝方式。
【点评】考查语法填空，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据单词所在句子的用法确定单词正确形式，最后通读全文确定答案。
51．句意：不同的地方在不同的时间开始新年。place地方，可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数places，故填places。
52．句意：第三年是虎年。three3，基数词，the后面用序数词，three的序数词是third，第三，故填third。
53．句意：这意味着在猪年之后，又是鼠年。结合前文After 12 years,the animals repeat.(12年后，动物会重复出现)，可知这里表达的是在猪年之后是鼠年。after在……之后，介词，故填after。
54．句意：例如，兔子善良且有礼貌。for example例如，固定搭配，注意句首首字母大写，故填For。
55．句意：所以如果你出生在兔年，你可能也会善良且有礼貌！bear出生，实义动词。be born in...出生在……，固定搭配，故填born。
56．句意：中国人喜欢这个想法，尽管这只是人们美好的愿望，可能并不是真的。根据前句Chinese people love the idea中国人喜欢这个想法；后句it's only people's good wishes and it may not be true.这个想法可能只是美好的愿望，并非事实，可知讲的是中国人喜欢这个想法，尽管这只是人们美好的愿望，可能并不是真的，although尽管，连词，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，故填although。
57．句意：在韩国，家庭有一起玩传统棋盘游戏的传统。tradition传统，名词。games游戏，名词，形容词修饰名词，tradition的形容词形式为traditional，传统的，故填traditional。
58．句意：家庭中的长辈会给孩子们钱。child孩子，可数名词。give sb. sth.给某人某物，固定搭配，前面没有表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数children，故填children。
59．句意：人们用许多不同的方式来庆祝农历新年。in many different ways用许多不同的方式，固定搭配，故填in。
60．句意：但所有的庆祝活动都是围绕着祝愿每个人一切顺遂展开的。wish希望，实义动词。about是介词，其后通常接动词ing形式。wish的动词ing是wishing，故填wishing。
61．【答案】One possible version:
I'm going to finish my junior high school this summer. In my class, some students plan to travel in the summer vacation, others prefer to have part-time jobs.
As for me, I prefer to travel with my classmates. I plan to go to Beijing and visit some places of interest. First, we can relax ourselves completely. I can see the beautiful scenery and love everything that the nature brings. Second, as a saying goes, travel is a great source of real knowledge. During the journey, I can get a lot of knowledge about history, culture and so on. What's more, I will meet many different kinds of people. It can help improve my communicative ability. Last but not least, traveling is a good way to make the friendship strong. I will have more sweet memories with my friends.
All in all, I will choose a meaningful trip during this summer vacation.
【知识点】提纲作文；记叙文；假期计划；志愿服务与公共服务
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文，主要介绍暑假计划。时态是一般将来时和一般现在时，首先总体介绍不同的学生的暑假计划；然后具体介绍自己的和同学旅行的计划和原因；最后总结。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
【点评】作文内容全面，运用好词好句，如：prefer to do；as for；places of interest；relax oneself；a great source of；a lot of；what's more；different kinds of；last but not least；a good way to do；make...+形容词；all in all；plan to do等。好词好句的运用为文章增色不少，如：定语从句I can see the beautiful scenery and love everything that the nature brings.；谚语Second, as a saying goes, travel is a great source of real knowledge.；动名词做主语Last but not least, traveling is a good way to make the friendship strong.；比较级I will have more sweet memories with my friends.等。first，second，what's more，last but not least，and so on，as，all in all，and的运用使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
1 / 1浙江省杭州市拱墅区2025年中考二模英语试题
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Materials ◇A wide glass jar with a lid ◇Very hot water ◇Some ice ◇ A match Very important! Only parents deal with matches!!!
Steps 1. Turn the lid upside down and fill it with ice. 2. Fill the jar about 1.5cm with very hot water. 3. Ask your parent to light a match. Then blow out the match just above the jar. Hold the smoking stick inside. (You want smoke from the match to fill the jar.) 4. Quickly put the lid with ice on the jar. Cover the jar completely. 5. Let the cloud form for a few minutes. Then take the lid off and meet the cloud!
Result A real cloud comes up. But it is not round and it disappears soon.
1．Which is very important when you use matches in the experiment
A．A glass jar. B．Very hot water.
C．Some ice. D．Your parent's help.
2．What is the right order of "making the cloud"
①②③④⑤
A．①②③⑤④ B．①③⑤②④ C．①④③⑤② D．①⑤②③④
3．Where does the text probably come from
A．A novel. B．A storybook.
C．A travel guide. D．A science magazine.
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．D
【知识点】科普类；说明文；细节理解；文章出处
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个制作云朵的实验。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终选择正确答案。
1．细节理解题。根据表格第1行Very important!Only parents deal with matches!!!(非常重要!只有父母来处理火柴!!!)，可知重要的是，用火柴的时候需要父母帮助。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据表格第2行Steps的步骤1.Turn the lid upside down and fill it with ice.2.Fill the jar about 1.5cm with very hot water.3.Ask your parent to light a match.Then blow out the match just above the jar.Hold the smoking stick inside.(You want smoke from the match to fill the jar.)4.Quickly put the lid with ice on the jar.Cover the jar completely.5.Let the cloud form for a few minutes.Then take the lid off and meet the cloud!(1.把盖子倒过来，放入冰块。2.向罐子中注入大约1.5厘米的热水。3.请你父母点燃一根火柴。然后在罐子上方吹灭火柴。把烟棒放在里面，(你想让火柴的烟充满罐子) 4.迅速把带冰的盖子放在罐子上。完全盖住罐子。5.让云形成几分钟。那就把盖子拿下来见见云吧)，可知制作云朵的顺序是，首先盖子上放冰，即①；然后罐子里装热水，即③；在罐子上吹火柴，即⑤；带冰盖子放在罐子上，即②；然后就会产生云朵，即④。故选B。
3．文章出处题。A.小说；B.故事书；C.旅行指南；D.科学杂志。根据表格上面Let's do an experiment(实验)to make our own cloud!(让我们做一个实验来制作我们自己的云)，可知短文主要介绍的是一个制作云朵的实验，所以可能在科学杂志上看到。故选D。
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Lucy was a talented middle school student who loved to spend her time painting quietly. But she didn't have the confidence to show her work.
One day, her art teacher, Ms. Thompson, said there was a coming art show where students could show their artworks. Lucy was excited but afraid at the same time. She was afraid that others will give their opinions about her creation.
Ms. Thompson noticed Lucy's worry and decided to help her deal with her fear. She came up with a special idea and told it to Lucy. Lucy liked this idea and started working on her painting.
The day of the art show arrived. When the students came to Lucy's painting, they just saw a piece of blank (空白的) paper. This made them surprised, and they asked Lucy about her painting. Lucy brushed some water on it and the beautiful painting appeared. There was a beautiful sun over the sea. They could also see some white clouds and a small ship.
Lucy's classmates were amazed by her invisible (隐形的) painting. They couldn't understand why they couldn't see the painting without water. Lucy explained to them that the painting was drawn with special paints. It would show its color when it was wet. Slowly, Lucy began to talk more. She told her classmates about her love for art and her fear of being laughed at. To her surprise, they were nice and thought how special and creative her painting was.
The invisible art helped Lucy not be afraid any more of showing her art to others. It also taught her the importance of expressing and believing herself.
4．How did Lucy feel about the coming art show
A．Strange and sad. B．Angry and worried.
C．Excited but afraid. D．Uninterested but confident.
5．What was Ms. Thompson's idea
A． Buying good painting tools.
B．Drawing a special painting.
C．Asking students to support Lucy.
D．Choosing the sea as the subject of the painting
6．How would Lucy become after the art show
A．She would never take part in art shows again.
B．She would paint more pictures after the art show.
C．She would like to be an art teacher like Ms. Thompson
D．She would be more willing to talk to others about her works.
7．What's the best title for the text
A．A Patient Teacher B．The Love for Art
C．An Unusual Show D．The Magic of Invisible Art
【答案】4．C
5．B
6．D
7．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断；标题选择
【解析】【分析】主要讲述了一个名叫露西的中学生，她热爱绘画但缺乏自信，不敢展示自己的作品。在艺术老师Ms. Thompson的鼓励和帮助下，露西画了一幅特殊的隐形画参加艺术展。这幅画在画展上引起了同学们的惊讶和赞赏，也让露西克服了展示自己作品的恐惧。通过这次经历，露西学会了表达和相信自己，也感受到了隐形画的魔力。文章强调了艺术的力量以及表达和相信自己的重要性。
【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
4．细节理解题。根据Lucy was excited but afraid at the same time.可知露西既兴奋又害怕，故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据Lucy liked this idea and started working on her painting.(露西喜欢这个主意，并开始着手她的画作)，而这个主意是Ms. Thompson提出的，结合后文露西画了一幅特殊的画(隐形画)，可以推断出Ms. Thompson的主意是让露西画一幅特殊的画，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据The invisible art helped Lucy not be afraid any more of showing her art to others.It also taught her the importance of expressing and believing herself.(隐形画帮助露西不再害怕向别人展示她的艺术。这也教会了她表达和相信自己有多重要)，可知这表明露西在画展后变得更加愿意与他人谈论她的作品，故选D。
7．标题选择题。根据文章可知主要讲述了露西通过画一幅隐形画来克服展示自己作品的恐惧，并最终得到了同学们的认可和赞赏。隐形画不仅帮助露西克服了恐惧，还教会了她表达和相信自己的重要性。因此，选项D"隐形画的魔力"最能概括文章的主旨。 故选D。
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
①Climate change is happening. It is having a strong effect on areas of the world.
②Other than causing terrible storms in some places or periods of no rain for months at a time in other places, climate change has influenced the temperature of the sea near land. When the temperature of the sea changes, this influences sea animals. People who make their living in some way from the sea will have a hard time as the sea animals begin to die off. On top of this, higher temperatures are causing ice mountains to melt, which is causing sea levels around the world to rise.
③Rising sea levels are a big problem. As areas of land beside the sea go under the water, the animals that used to live in these areas are forced to find new homes. Freshwater lakes located near the seas also become filled with salt water. In addition to these lakes, certain lands that are normally wet but still above sea level become flooded. These lands are necessary for the environment because they can help take out some kinds of poisons (毒物) from water. They can also slow down or stop flooding of dry land above them. Because of the rising sea levels, some places that did not experience floods before, like farms far from the sea, now get flooded.
④Rising sea levels also have a big effect on how people live. For example, when the sea level rises and the salt water moves higher up on the land, it can go into the ground and get into areas where people get the fresh water they drink. Water from the sea is bad for cars, trucks, and boats. Bridges and roads can also be hurt by water from the sea. The walls people build to keep water out of cities and towns are in trouble, too.
8．How does the rising temperature influence sea animals
A．It makes them disappear.
B．It makes them change their colors
C．It makes them change their shapes
D．It makes them find their new homes.
9．What can help keep the water clean according to the text
A．Salt. B．Wet lands.
C．Sea animals. D．Farms far from the sea.
10．What does the underlined word "it" refer to in Paragraph 4
A．The rain. B．The sea level.
C．The salt water. D．The fresh water.
11．What is the structure of the text (P=Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．C
11．A
【知识点】说明文；天气与生活；细节理解；代词指代；文章结构
【解析】【分析】主要讲述了气候变化对世界某些地区产生的强烈影响，特别是海平面上升对海洋动物、环境和人类生活的影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．细节理解题。根据When the temperature of the sea changes,this influences sea animals. People who make their living in some way from the sea will have a hard time as the sea animals begin to die off.可知当海洋温度变化时，这会影响海洋动物。那些以某种方式从海洋中谋生的人将会面临困难，因为海洋动物开始灭绝，故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据These lands are necessary for the environment because they can help take out some kinds of poisons(毒物)from water.(这些土地对环境来说是必要的，因为它们可以帮助从水中去除一些毒物)，这里的these lands指的是前文提到certain lands that are normally wet but still above sea level，即通常湿润但仍在海平面以上的土地，也就是湿地，故选B。
10．代词指代题。根据when the sea level rises and the salt water moves higher up on the land, it can go into the ground and get into areas where people get the fresh water they drink.可知当海平面上升，咸水在陆地上移动得更高时，它可以渗入地下，进入人们获取饮用水的地区，所以这里的"it"指的是前文提到的"salt water"，即咸水，故选C。
11．文章结构题。文章第一段总述了气候变化正在发生，并对世界某些地区产生了强烈影响。接下来的第二、三、四段分别从气候变化对海洋动物的影响、海平面上升对环境和人类生活的影响三个方面进行了详细阐述。因此，文章的结构为总-分结构，即第一段为总述，第二、三、四段为分述，故选A。
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
We know that AI is not a real human. However, it seems many of us can't help treating it like one. In a survey of 2000 people in the US. 48 percent believed we should have good manners when talking to AI, said The New York Post.
Scientists at the Imperial College London in the UK have made a similar discovery recently. They found that humans tend (往往会) to treat AI as human beings showing sympathy (同情) toward them and even protecting them, Science Daily reported.
In their experiment, the scientists invited 244 volunteers to play an online ball game with an AI bot. A make-believe volunteer also took part, and sometimes left out the AI on purpose by passing the ball only to human players. As the scientists watched the game, they discovered that most of the time the volunteers tried to fix the unfairness (不公平) toward the bot by giving it the ball more often.
The finding is in line with the ideas of Media Equation Theory, the scientists said in their papers. Developed in the 1990s by scientists at Stanford University in the US, the theory suggests we often reply to media and technology like we do to real people and places, rather than just seeing them as tools.
An example is Replika an AI chatbot created in 2017. It has about 2 million users worldwide. "Your Replika will always be your side no matter what you are up to," reads its official website. But the AI's support turned dangerous when it encouraged Jaswant Singh Chail, a young man in the UK, to carry out his plan to kill the Queen of England. Chail tried to do so in December 2021, but he was stopped in time. However, he was still put in prison.
Companies should avoid making AI too human-like in their design, advised the scientists at Imperial College London. This can help people tell the difference between virtual and real communication.
12．Which of the following is TRUEbased on Media Equation Theory
A．Humans always treat AI as tools.
B．Humans often reply to AI as to real people.
C．Humans should make AI less human-like.
D．Humans tried to fix unfairness in the game.
13．What does the author want to tell us by mentioning "Replika" in the article
A．AI has educational advantages.
B．AI can influence humans in some ways.
C．AI is designed for some purposes.
D．AI can't be used in social communication.
14．What can be inferred (推断) from the article
A．AI always has bad influence on humans.
B．Nearly half people in the US treat AI politely.
C．Treating AI more carefully is a must for humans.
D．Companies won't make AI as friends any more.
15．The following sentence can best be put at the end of ____.
While this could make humans and AI work better as a team, it also has risks, especially when AI bots are designed to act like"friends" to people.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．C
15．C
【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；人工智能（AI）
【解析】【分析】主要讲了人们会像对待真人一样对待AI，并且通过一个实验来证明了这一点，并且介绍了AI的优点，同时也存在一些风险。
【点评】考查阅读理解，解答时注意细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，选择正确答案。
12．细节理解题。根据the theory suggests we often reply to media and technology like we do to real people and places,rather than just seeing them as tools.(这一理论表明，我们经常像对待真实的人和地方一样回应媒体和技术，而不仅仅是将其视为工具)，可知人们常以对待真实人类的方式回应媒体和技术，而非仅视为工具。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据An example is Replika an AI chatbot created in 2017.It has about 2 million users worldwide."Your Replika will always be your side no matter what you are up to,"reads its official website. But the AI's support turned dangerous when it encouraged Jaswant Singh Chail,a young man in the UK, to carry out his plan to kill the Queen of England.(一个例子是2017年创建的人工智能聊天机器人Replika。它在全球拥有约200万用户。其官方网站上写道："无论你在做什么，你的Replika都会永远在你身边。"。但当人工智能鼓励英国年轻人Jaswant Singh Chail实施杀害英国女王的计划时，它的支持变得危险起来)，可知Replika的例子说明AI的支持导致用户犯罪，说明AI可能对人类行为产生负面影响。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据This can help people tell the difference between virtual and real communication.(这可以帮助人们区分虚拟和真实交流)，可知人们应该更仔细认真地对待AI。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据While this could make humans and AI work better as a team, it also has risks, especially when AI bots are designed to act like"friends" to people.可知虽然这可以使人类和人工智能作为一个团队更好地工作，但它也有风险，特别是当人工智能机器人被设计成与人"朋友"时。题干句子强调"AI被设计为朋友"的风险，与第四段"该理论由美国斯坦福大学的科学家于20世纪90年代提出，认为我们对待媒体和技术的态度，往往就像对待真实的人和地方一样，而不仅仅是将其视为工具。"逻辑衔接紧密，故应置于第四段段尾。故选C。
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下面材料，从文后所给的A—E五个选项中选出正确选项 (其中一项是多余选项)，并回答第5小题。
Every country and family across the world has their own special customs for celebrating special days such as birthdays. Maybe your family visit a favorite restaurant each birthday, or wake up to a big breakfast of pancakes. 　16． 　 Let's take a look at some cool birthday traditions from around the world.
Pull ears in Spain
As well as cakes, singing, and presents, birthdays in Spain come with a fun custom: ear pulling. 　17． 　 The birthday person gets their earlobe (耳垂) softly pulled once for each year of their age. Though we're not sure where this strange habit started, some believe that since ears are one part of the body that never stops growing, pulling ears may mean a longer life.
　18． 　
There are so many foods that are served at birthday parties in Australia. These are typically simple, sweet treats. The most popular of all is one called "fairy bread". It's a kind of white bread, with thick butter on it, and it is covered with sprinkles (着色珠子糖). These sprinkles are really pretty and make the bread look magical, and that's why it's called "fairy bread".
Show your love through cake in Brazil
In Brazil, it's a tradition to share the first piece of your birthday cake with the person you love the most. 　19． 　 Some families break it down even more with specific (特有的) traditions and honors special to them.
A. Enjoy fairy bread in Australia B. Food plays an important role on birthdays C. This might be a parent, cousin, or grandparent. D. This tradition is known as "los tirones de oreja" E. But have you ever wondered what people from other countries do on their birthdays
What do you think of these birthday customs Why (Answer with no more than 20 words)　20． 　
【答案】16．E；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．I think they're interesting. Because they show unique cultural meanings behind celebrations.
【知识点】说明文；世界主要国家文化习俗
【解析】【分析】主要介绍了世界各地一些独特的生日传统，包括西班牙的拉耳朵习俗、澳大利亚的"仙女面包"以及巴西的与最爱的人分享第一块生日蛋糕的传统。
A.Enjoy fairy bread in Australia在澳大利亚享受仙面包。
B.Food plays an important role on birthdays食物在生日时起着重要作用。
C.This might be a parent, cousin, or grandparent.这可能是父母、堂兄或祖父母。
D.This tradition is known as "los tirones de oreja"这一传统被称为"los tirones de oreja" 。
E.But have you ever wondered what people from other countries do on their birthdays 但你有没有想过其他国家的人在生日那天都做什么？
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂选项意思，然后根据前后句句意和关键词句确定正确答案，最后通读全文确定答案是否正确。
16．根据前句Every country and family across the world has their own special customs for celebrating special days such as birthdays.(世界上每个国家和家庭都有自己的特殊习俗来庆祝生日等特殊日子)，和后文Let's take a look at some cool birthday traditions from around the world.(让我们来看看世界各地一些很酷的生日传统吧)，可知E选项"但是你有没有想过其他国家的人在他们的生日上会做什么呢？"起到了承上启下的作用，既总结了前文提到的不同习俗，又引出了后文要介绍的国外生日传统，因此E选项正确。故选E。
17．根据前句As well as cakes, singing, and presents, birthdays in Spain come with a fun custom: ear pulling.(除了蛋糕、唱歌和礼物，西班牙的生日还有一个有趣的习俗：拉耳朵)，后文详细描述了这一习俗，即过生日的人的耳垂会根据年龄被轻轻拉一下。D选项"这个传统被称为‘los tirones de oreja'"是对这一习俗的命名，与后文内容紧密相连，因此D选项正确。故选D。
18．根据后文The most popular of all is one called "fairy bread".(其中最受欢迎的是一种叫做"仙女面包"的面包)，可知详细描述了澳大利亚的生日传统——吃"仙女面包"，这是一种涂有厚黄油并撒有彩色糖珠的白面包。A选项"在澳大利亚享受仙女面包"作为小标题，概括了后文的主要内容，因此A选项正确。故选A。
19．根据前文In Brazil,it's a tradition to share the first piece of your birthday cake with the person you love the most.(在巴西，与你最爱的人分享你生日蛋糕的第一块是一种传统)，可知在巴西，与最爱的人分享第一块生日蛋糕是一种传统。C选项"这可能是父母、堂兄弟姐妹或祖父母"是对"最爱的人"的具体举例，与前文内容紧密相关，因此C选项正确。故选C。
20．这是一个开放性问题，要求回答者对文中提到的生日习俗发表看法并给出原因。答案"我认为它们很有趣。因为它们展示了庆祝活动背后独特的文化意义"既表达了对这些习俗的兴趣，又给出了合理的解释，即这些习俗反映了不同国家的文化特色。 故填I think they're interesting. Because they show unique cultural meanings behind celebrations.。
（2025·拱墅模拟） 完形填空
"Mom, please, please," I asked. "Please, by myself " I'm nine years old now, and I'm 21． enough to do many things. My friend Emmie has been 22． cupcakes by herself for a year. I had never made cookies by myself.
My parents looked at me with 23． in their eyes. Would they let me do it I held my breath. "OK" Mom said. " 24． Alana, please be careful."
I raced to the kitchen. I broke eggs and put some hard butter into the bowl. Using a mixer was 25． for me. I had done it with Mom many times before. I turned on the mixer. "Whoa!" I cried. What a 26． ! The butter was everywhere, even on my face. I had to clean it up.
I wondered 27． it happened. Then I realized I should use softer butter instead. Following the 28． , I put rounded batter (面糊) onto the cookie paper and put it into the oven. Within a minute, a fantastic 29． filled the kitchen! I, Alana Ames, was going to show everyone I have 30． now.
I looked into the oven. Oh, no! The cookie had melted (熔化) into cookie soup. I looked up the 31． from the book. Then I saw it. Right after "Add salt" and before "Mix well", it said "Add two cups of flour (面粉)". I forgot that!
I had to 32． this mess-FAST! I took the bowl and added flour. Then the pan was back in the oven in no time. I 33． the time until the cookies were done. Once they had cooled, I brought a plate of them into the living room, where my parents were waiting.
"Oh, Alana Ames," my mom said, smiling. "You did it. All by 34． ."
"Great job, Alana," Dad said, finishing his second cookie. "These are delicious!"
From this experience, I have learned to do things 35． and patiently. Now I fall in love with making cookies.
21．A． brave B． old C． smart D． strong
22．A． cooking B． buying C． eating D． sharing
23．A． pride B． interest C． doubt D． care
24．A． And B． But C． So D． Or
25．A． new B． crazy C． noisy D． easy
26．A． mess B． pity C． surprise D． difference
27．A． what B． when C． where D． why
28．A． storybook B． cookbook C． textbook D． copybook
29．A． smell B． sound C． light D． smoke
30．A． given up B． broken up C． grown up D． woken up
31．A． inventions B． questions C． steps D． situations
32．A． fix B． hide C． lose D． make
33．A． passed B． counted C． told D． called
34．A． myself B． yourself C． himself D． herself
35．A． carefully B． quickly C． politely D． purposely
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．B；25．D；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．C；31．C；32．A；33．B；34．B；35．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文通过Alana首次独立制作饼干的经历，揭示了成长需要耐心与细致实践的核心主题。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
21．句意：我现在九岁了，我足够大可以做很多事情了。A.brave勇敢的；B.old年龄大的；C.smart聪明的；D.strong强壮的。根据前文提到I'm nine years old now(我现在九岁了)，可知这里强调年龄足够大可以做很多事，所以用"old"，故选B。
22．句意：我的朋友Emmie已经自己烤蛋糕一年了。A.cooking烹饪，烤；B.buying买；C.eating吃；D.sharing分享。根据后文I had never made cookies by myself(我从来没有自己做过饼干)，可知这里说的是自己烤蛋糕，所以用"cooking"，故选A。
23．句意：我的父母用怀疑的眼神看着我。A.pride骄傲；B.interest兴趣；C.doubt怀疑；D.care关心。根据后文Would they let me do it (他们会让我做吗？)，可知父母对"我"能否自己烤饼干持怀疑态度，所以用"doubt"，故选C。
24．句意："但是Alana，请小心点。"妈妈说。A.And和，并且，表示并列；B.But但是，表示转折；C.So所以，表示结果；D.Or或者，表示选择。根据前文妈妈说"OK"同意"我"做，这里又提醒"我"小心，前后是转折关系，所以用"But"，故选B。
25．句意：用搅拌机对我来说很容易。A.new新的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.noisy吵闹的；D.easy容易的。根据后文I had done it with Mom many times before可知"我"之前和妈妈做过很多次，所以用搅拌机对"我"来说很容易，故选D。
26．句意：真是一团糟！A.mess混乱，一团糟；B.pity遗憾；C.surprise惊讶；D.difference不同。根据后文The butter was everywhere, even on my face.I had to clean it up(黄油到处都是，甚至在我的脸上。我必须把它清理干净)，可知这里描述的是一团糟的场景，所以用"mess"，故选A。
27．句意：我想知道为什么会出现这种情况。A.what什么，提问事情；B.when什么时候，提问时间；C.where哪里，提问地点；D.why为什么，提问原因。根据前文The butter was everywhere, even on my face.(黄油到处都是，甚至在我的脸上)，可知"我"想知道为什么会出现黄油到处都是的情况，所以用"why"，故选D。
28．句意：按照食谱，我把圆形的面糊放在烤盘纸上，然后放进烤箱。A.storybook故事书；B.cookbook食谱；C.textbook教科书；D.copybook抄写本。根据后句I put rounded batter (面糊) onto the cookie paper and put it into the oven(我把圆形面糊放在饼干纸上，然后放进烤箱)，可知这里说的是按照食谱做饼干，所以用"cookbook"，故选B。
29．句意：不到一分钟，厨房里就弥漫着一股美妙的香味！A.smell气味；B.sound声音；C.light光；D.smoke烟。根据句子可知烤饼干会散发出香味，所以这里说的是厨房里弥漫着香味，用"smell"，故选A。
30．句意：我Alana Ames要向大家展示我现在已经长大了。A.given up放弃；B.broken up分手、破碎；C.grown up长大；D.woken up醒来。根据前文I'm nine years old now, and I'm old enough to do many things(我现在九岁了，我已经长大了，可以做很多事情了)，可知"我"想展示自己已经长大了，所以用"grown up"，故选C。
31．句意：我从书上查看了步骤。A.inventions发明；B.questions问题；C.steps步骤；D.situations情况。根据后文Right after 'Add salt' and before 'Mix well', it said 'Add two cups of flour (面粉)'(在"加盐"之后和"搅拌均匀"之前，上面写着"加两杯面粉")，可知"我"查看的是做饼干的步骤，所以用"steps"，故选C。
32．句意：我必须尽快解决这个烂摊子！A.fix修理、解决；B.hide隐藏；C.lose失去；D.make制作。this mess这个烂摊子，根据语境可知"我"做的饼干失败了，所以需要解决这个烂摊子，用"fix"，故选A。
33．句意：我数着时间，直到饼干烤好。A.passed通过；B.counted数；C.told告诉；D.called打电话。time时间，结合选项可知这里说的是"我"数着时间等饼干烤好，所以用"counted"，故选B。
34．句意："你自己做到了。"妈妈说。A.myself我自己；B.yourself你自己；C.himself他自己；D.herself她自己。主语是you，所以用you的反身代词yourself，故选B。
35．句意：从这次经历中，我学会了做事要细心和耐心。A.carefully细心地；B.quickly快速地；C.politely礼貌地；D.purposely故意地。and连接并列成分，patiently耐心地，根据语境可知"我"之前做饼干失败了，这次经历让"我"学会了做事要细心和耐心，所以用"carefully"，故选A。
（2025·拱墅模拟） 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确。每词仅用一次。
ancient energy connect record be used for
In Chinese culture, the red color stands for many good things, such as 　36． 　and happiness. But you had better not write names or letters with red pens. Why
In 　37． 　 times red was the symbol of power. Not everyone could write with red pens-only emperors. Writing names with red pens was also　38． 　with death. So people 　39． 　 the criminals' names with red pens. Since words written in red carried bad meanings, people didn't write letters with red pens. Nowadays, red pens 　40． 　 proofreading (校对). Teachers mark students' homework with a red pen. But writing names or letters with red pens is still a bad idea.
【答案】36．energy；37．ancient；38．connected with；39．recorded；40．are used for
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了红色在中国文化中的象征意义，以及用红笔写字在不同时代的含义和禁忌。过去红色是权力的象征，用红笔写名字与死亡有关，人们用红笔记录罪犯名字；现在红笔用于校对，但用红笔写名字或信件仍是不好的做法。
ancient古代的；energy能量、活力；connect联系；record记录；be used for被用来。
【点评】考查选词填空，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后结合语法和句意确定单词正确形式，最后通读全文确定答案是否正确。
36．句意：在中国文化中，红色代表许多美好的事物，比如活力和幸福。and连接并列成分，happiness幸福，结合选项可知讲的是红色代表活力和幸福，energy能量、活力，不可数名词，故填energy。
37．句意：在古代，红色是权力的象征。ancient times古代，固定搭配，ancient古代的，形容词，修饰名词times，故填ancient。
38．句意：用红笔写名字也与死亡有关联。be connected with...与…… 有关联，固定搭配，故填connected。
39．句意：因此，人们用红笔记录罪犯的名字。people人们，the criminals' name罪犯的名字，with red pens用红笔，根据历史常识，古代常用红笔标注罪犯姓名，record记录，实义动词，was表明时态是一般过去时，所以record用过去式recorded。故填recorded。
40．句意：如今，红笔被用于校对。red pens红笔，proofreading校对，结合选项可知讲的是红笔用来校对，be used for被用于……，固定搭配，nowadays表明时态是一般现在时，主语red pens为复数，所以be动词用are，故填are used for。
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式。每空一词。
One beautiful winter morning, a young boy stepped into a shop that had a public telephone. He found a wooden box, 　41． 　(爬) on top, and reached for the phone buttons to dial numbers. He asked a lady on the phone, "Madam, would you give me a 　42． 　 (机会) to cut the lawn of your garden "
The woman on the other end said, "Sorry, kid. I already have 　43． 　 (某人) for my garden."
The boy kept saying, "Madam, I'll cut your lawn for half the　44． 　 (价格) of your current (现在的) service provider." The woman said, "I'm quite 　45． 　 (满意的) with the person who is now taking care of my lawn. He is doing an excellent job."
"Madam, I'll even sweep your doorway. I promise your lawn will be the most 　46． 　 (漂亮的) in Palm Beach. Florida, by Sunday," the boy said. "No thank you," the woman 　47． 　 (回复). With a smile, the little boy hung up the phone. The store owner was impressed by the boy's positive 　48． 　 (精神). He went up to the boy and said, "Son, I would like to offer you a job."
To the store owner's surprise, the boy 　49． 　 (有礼貌地) refused him. "No, thanks, but I already have a job."
"Weren't you just asking for a job from the lady on the phone " asked the store owner.
The little boy 　50． 　 (解释), "No, sir. I was just checking how well I'm doing at the job I already have, I'm the one working for the lady I talked to."
【答案】41．climbed；42．chance；43．someone/somebody；44．price；45．satisfied/pleased；46．beautiful；47．replied；48．spirit；49．politely；50．explained
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个聪明的小男孩通过假装求职，暗中检查自己工作表现的故事。
【点评】考查单词拼写，首先根据汉语提示确定单词，然后根据单词所在句子的语法确定单词正确形式。
41．句意：他发现了一个木箱，爬了上去，伸手去按电话按钮拨号。爬用climb，实义动词，found表明时态是一般过去时，所以climb用过去式climbed，故填climbed。
42．句意：女士，您能给我一个机会修剪您花园的草坪吗？机会用chance，可数名词，a后面用可数名词单数，故填chance。
43．句意：抱歉，孩子。我已经有人打理花园了。某人用someone/somebody，复合不定代词，用在肯定句，故填someone/somebody。
44．句意：女士，我可以以您当前服务提供商一半的价格修剪您的草坪。价格用price，可数名词，half表明用单数，故填price。
45．句意：我对现在打理我草坪的人很满意。满意的用satisfied/pleased，形容词，be satisfied/pleased with sb.对某人满意，固定搭配，故填satisfied/pleased。
46．句意：我保证到周日，您的草坪会是佛罗里达州棕榈滩最漂亮的。漂亮的用beautiful，形容词，be动词后面用形容词，the most beautiful最漂亮的，形容词最高级，故填beautiful。
47．句意："不用了，谢谢。" 女士回复道。回复用reply，实义动词，said表明时态是一般过去时，所以reply用过去式replied，故填replied。
48．句意：店主对男孩积极的精神印象深刻。精神用spirit，不可数名词，故填spirit。
49．句意：令店主惊讶的是，男孩有礼貌地拒绝了他。有礼貌地用politely，副词，修饰实义动词refused，故填politely。
50．句意： 小男孩解释说："不，先生。我只是在检查我现在的工作做得怎么样。我就是为那位和我通话的女士工作的人。"解释用explain，实义动词，was表明时态是一般过去时，所以用explain用过去式explained，故填explained。
（2025·拱墅模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Lunar Calendars depend on the position of the moon. So the date of the new year changes each year, and different 　51． 　 (place) start the new year at different time. In China and in many other places people usually celebrate Lunar New Year in January or February.
Each year in the lunar calendar is named after an animal. The first year is the Year of the Rat. The second year is the Year of the Ox. The 　52． 　 (three) year is the Year of the Tiger, then the Year of the Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Pig. After 12 years, the animals repeat. This means that 　53． 　 the Year of the Pig, it's the Year of the Rat again. And every animal has certain meanings. 　54． 　 example, the rabbit is kind and polite. So if you were 　55． 　 (bear) in the Year of the Rabbit, you are probably kind and polite! Chinese people love the idea 　56． 　 it's only people's good wishes and it may not be true.
On New Year's Eve, Chinese people lay the table and have a big meal with families. Chinese people also set off firecrackers. They make a loud noise to drive away the monster "nian". In Korea, families have the tradition of playing 　57． 　 (tradition) board games together. During Lunar New Year, children give their parents and grandparents good wishes for the new year.
Older members of the family give 　58． 　 (child) money, usually in small packets (小包). These packets are red in China and Vietnam, because red is a lucky color.
People celebrate Lunar New Year 　59． 　 many different ways, but all the celebrations are about 　60． 　 (wish) everyone good things.
【答案】51．places；52．third；53．after；54．For；55．born；56．lthough；57．traditional；58．children；59．in；60．wishing
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；中国传统节假日与庆祝活动
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了农历新年的特点、文化内涵及不同地区的庆祝方式。
【点评】考查语法填空，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后根据单词所在句子的用法确定单词正确形式，最后通读全文确定答案。
51．句意：不同的地方在不同的时间开始新年。place地方，可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数places，故填places。
52．句意：第三年是虎年。three3，基数词，the后面用序数词，three的序数词是third，第三，故填third。
53．句意：这意味着在猪年之后，又是鼠年。结合前文After 12 years,the animals repeat.(12年后，动物会重复出现)，可知这里表达的是在猪年之后是鼠年。after在……之后，介词，故填after。
54．句意：例如，兔子善良且有礼貌。for example例如，固定搭配，注意句首首字母大写，故填For。
55．句意：所以如果你出生在兔年，你可能也会善良且有礼貌！bear出生，实义动词。be born in...出生在……，固定搭配，故填born。
56．句意：中国人喜欢这个想法，尽管这只是人们美好的愿望，可能并不是真的。根据前句Chinese people love the idea中国人喜欢这个想法；后句it's only people's good wishes and it may not be true.这个想法可能只是美好的愿望，并非事实，可知讲的是中国人喜欢这个想法，尽管这只是人们美好的愿望，可能并不是真的，although尽管，连词，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，故填although。
57．句意：在韩国，家庭有一起玩传统棋盘游戏的传统。tradition传统，名词。games游戏，名词，形容词修饰名词，tradition的形容词形式为traditional，传统的，故填traditional。
58．句意：家庭中的长辈会给孩子们钱。child孩子，可数名词。give sb. sth.给某人某物，固定搭配，前面没有表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数children，故填children。
59．句意：人们用许多不同的方式来庆祝农历新年。in many different ways用许多不同的方式，固定搭配，故填in。
60．句意：但所有的庆祝活动都是围绕着祝愿每个人一切顺遂展开的。wish希望，实义动词。about是介词，其后通常接动词ing形式。wish的动词ing是wishing，故填wishing。
61．（2025·拱墅模拟） 初中毕业后的暑假，很多学生会计划选择外出旅行，也有不少学生选择尝试暑期志愿者活动。请你结合下表内容，选择其中一种方式说明，并阐述你的理由。
Travel Do volunteer work
Plans ·where to go ·who to go with ·what to do ·…
Reasons ·relax oneself ·get a lot of knowledge ·meet different kinds of people ·… ·put what you've learnt into practice ·learn new skills ·get a different experience of life ·…
注意：
1. 文中必须包含你所选方式中的所有要点，并适当补充；
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、地名和校名；
3. 词数：90～110；
4. 短文首句仅供参考，不计入总词数。
I'm going to finish my junior high school this summer.
【答案】One possible version:
I'm going to finish my junior high school this summer. In my class, some students plan to travel in the summer vacation, others prefer to have part-time jobs.
As for me, I prefer to travel with my classmates. I plan to go to Beijing and visit some places of interest. First, we can relax ourselves completely. I can see the beautiful scenery and love everything that the nature brings. Second, as a saying goes, travel is a great source of real knowledge. During the journey, I can get a lot of knowledge about history, culture and so on. What's more, I will meet many different kinds of people. It can help improve my communicative ability. Last but not least, traveling is a good way to make the friendship strong. I will have more sweet memories with my friends.
All in all, I will choose a meaningful trip during this summer vacation.
【知识点】提纲作文；记叙文；假期计划；志愿服务与公共服务
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文，主要介绍暑假计划。时态是一般将来时和一般现在时，首先总体介绍不同的学生的暑假计划；然后具体介绍自己的和同学旅行的计划和原因；最后总结。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
【点评】作文内容全面，运用好词好句，如：prefer to do；as for；places of interest；relax oneself；a great source of；a lot of；what's more；different kinds of；last but not least；a good way to do；make...+形容词；all in all；plan to do等。好词好句的运用为文章增色不少，如：定语从句I can see the beautiful scenery and love everything that the nature brings.；谚语Second, as a saying goes, travel is a great source of real knowledge.；动名词做主语Last but not least, traveling is a good way to make the friendship strong.；比较级I will have more sweet memories with my friends.等。first，second，what's more，last but not least，and so on，as，all in all，and的运用使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
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