资源简介

注：下面单词意思后的表示该词的熟词生义。
词汇 含义 延伸拓展
battle n.& vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争 [同]conflict，struggle fight a losing battle打一场无望取胜的仗 battle for为……斗争 battle with/against 与……斗争
see eye to eye with sb (on sth) (在某事上)与某人看法一致
tension n.紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 tense adj.紧张的
rate n.速度；率 vi.& vt.评价，评估 [同]pace，speed [派]rating n．(电影、电视的)收视率排行榜；等级，程度 at an alarming rate以惊人的速度
shoot vi.& vt.(shot，shot)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影；射门 [派]shooting n．射击；枪杀；拍摄 shoot up快速长高，蹿个儿
spot n.粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 vt.看见；发现 [派]spotted adj.有斑点的；有圆点的 on the spot在现场 spot sb doing sth发现某人正在做某事
target n.(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标；面向 [同]goal，objective be targeted at旨在，针对
rough adj.艰难的；粗糙的；不确切的
breakdown n.(关系)破裂；故障
calm vt.使平静，使镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的 calm down平静，镇静，安静
view n.看法；视线；景色 vt.把……视为；观看 from one’s point of view从某人的角度、观点出发 in one’s view在某人看来 in view of鉴于；考虑到 view...as把……看作
stress n.精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重 [派]stressed adj.焦虑不安的 stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的 under stress在压力之下 put/lay/place stress on sth强调某事物
forum n.论坛，讨论会；公共集会场所 [同]meeting
expert n.专家，行家 adj.熟练的，内行的，专家的 an expert in/at/on sth某方面的专家 be expert at/in/on doing sth在做某事方面是专家；擅长做某事
likely adj.可能的，预料的， 有希望的 [同]probable，possible Sb/Sth be likely to do sth.某人/某物有可能做某事。 It is likely/probable/possible that...有可能……
unique adj.独一无二的；独特的；特有的 be unique to...是……独有的
performance n.表现；表演；执行，履行 perform vt.& vi.表演；表现 [派]performer n．表演者；演员 give/put on a performance表演，上演 academic performance学习成绩；学业表现
cheer up (使)变得高兴，振奋起来
press vt.& vi.按，压；挤，推；逼迫，敦促 n.报章杂志，报刊 [派]pressure n．心理压力，紧张；压力 the press新闻工作者，新闻界 press sb to do sth催促某人做某事 under pressure在压力之下 put pressure on sb给某人施压
eager adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的 [派]eagerness n．热切；渴望 eagerly adv.急切地 be eager for sth渴望得到某物 be eager to do sth渴望做某事 with eagerness热切地
adventure n.冒险，冒险经历，奇遇 [派]adventurous adj.爱冒险的，大胆的
be on sb’s back about sth 缠磨，烦扰
gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 [派]gathering n．聚集；聚会；集会 gather around聚集
volunteer vi.& vt.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n.志愿者 [派]voluntary adj.志愿的 volunteer to do sth自愿做某事
pipe n.烟斗；管子；管乐器
figure n.数字；人物；体形，身材；身影；图表 v.认为；计算 figure out弄明白；计算出
teller n.出纳员；叙述者 [同]narrator
scene n.(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光 on the scene现场，当场
flat n.公寓 adj.平坦的；瘪了的 [同]apartment [派]flatten vt.& vi.(使)变平
response n.回复；反应，响应 respond vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应 in response to...回应；响应 make a response to...＝respond to...对……作出回应
mental adj.思想的，精神的，智力的 [派]mentally adv.精神上；智力上 [反]physical adj.体力的；物理的，物质的
regular adj.频繁的；有规律的 [派]regularly adv.定期地；有规律地 [反]irregular adj.不规则的；无规律的 a regular customer/bus 常客/班车
normal adj.正常的，一般的 n.常态，通常标准 [派]normally adv.通常；正常地 [反]abnormal adj.不正常的，异常的；畸形的
secure adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得，得到；保卫 [派]security n．安全 securely adv.安全地；牢固地
anger n.怒气，怒火 [派]angry adj.生气的，愤怒的 angrily adv.生气地，愤怒地 boil with anger怒火中烧 be angry at/about/over sth对某事感到生气/愤怒
flexible adj.灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的 [派]flexibly adv.灵活地 flexibility n．灵活性
graduate vi.& vt.毕业 n.毕业生 [派]graduation n．毕业 graduate from...毕业于……(学校) graduate in...毕业于……(专业)
operation n.手术；运转，操作 operate v．操作；运转；动手术 [派]operator n．电话接线员；操作员
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．形容词变副词：(1)eager，mental，regular，normal，secure变副词，直接加-ly，类似的还有： certain→certainly；natural→naturally；complete-completely。(2)angry是以-y结尾的形容词，变副词时，变y为i再加-ly，类似的还有： happy→happily；lucky→luckily。(3)flexible是以-le结尾的形容词，变副词时去e加y，类似的还有： terrible→terribly；simple→simply；comfortable→comfortably。
2．后缀-ion/-sion/-tion/-ation/-ition：有一些动词变名词常在词尾加这些后缀，如：graduation和operation，类似的还有：react→reaction；admit→admission；expect→expectation；recognize→recognition。
(1)Most researchers believe that，in theory，mobile phones are absolutely(absolute) safe.
(2)He started working hard much too late in the day—he couldn’t possibly(possible) catch up.
(3)The children have worked busily(busy) but merrily(merry) for many hours，making little baskets for the birds.
(4)He intended to launch a campaign with the intention(intend) of raising people’s awareness of protecting the environment.
(5)Because I lacked experience in making speeches，my teacher offered me some practical tips without hesitation(hesitate)．
1．As we all know，the kangaroo is an animal native to Australia.袋鼠
2．Look out! Don’t get close to the house whose roof is under repair.屋顶
3．You’d better think it through before you make the final decision.充分考虑
4．I planned to go downtown to try my fortune after graduating from college.往市中心
5．They drew all their savings out of their bank account for their daughter’s operation.提取
6．The students turned what could have been a passive interaction into an active one.被动的
7．Adults and teenagers don’t see eye to eye on many things in their daily lives.成人　青少年
8．Besides being a sign of youth，good skin also means that the person is likely to be healthy.年轻　皮肤
9．Having enough valuable experience，the editor could handle the emergency that popped up.编辑　紧急情况
10．Since I am a regular customer to the grocery store，the boss always gives me a good discount.食品杂货
11．The Bird’s Nest is an iconic stadium in Beijing，known for its unique design resembling a bird’s nest.巢穴
12．I am eager to rent this house but its rent is too high for me，so I have to back down on my idea.租用　租金　放弃
13．She sat quietly，her hands resting gently in her lap，as if contemplating something deeply within her thoughts.大腿部
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1．argument n．争论，争吵；论点(argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证)
beyond argument无可争辩 argue with sb about/over sth与某人争论某事 argue for/against (doing) sth据理支持/反对(做)某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事 argue that...提出理由说明；主张……
(1)When it comes to the representative tourist attractions，it is beyond argument(argue) that the Great Wall is one of the symbols of China.(应用文写作之推荐信)
(2)我本想说服他接受我的意见，但我很快意识到和他争论这个问题没用，因为他太固执了。
I had intended to argue him into accepting my opinion，but soon I realized it was no use arguing with him about/over the issue，because he was too stubborn.
(3)根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语书籍来提高他们的英语水平。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
According to the above chart,65% of the students argue for listening to English songs while 18% of the students argue that they can have their English level improved by reading English books.
2．anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 (anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望 anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地)
be anxious be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)…… with anxiety＝anxiously焦虑地；不安地
(1)So anxious was the mother for her son/about her son’s safety that she turned to a volunteer organisation for help.
(2)他焦急地等待着儿子的消息，如坐针毡。(读后续写之心理描写)
He is waiting for the news of his son with anxiety/anxiously and he is on pins and needles.
(3)Eva渴望在巨大的学校大楼里找到路，但她的方向感很差，她是如此焦虑，以至于焦虑的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)
Eva was anxious to find her way/was anxious that she could find her way in the huge school building，but with a poor sense of direction，so anxious was she that tears of anxiety poured down her cheeks(倒装句)．
3．desire n．& vt.渴望，希望(desirable adj.值得做的；值得拥有的；可取的)
have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事 have a desire for sth渴望得到某物 desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire that...(should) do...渴望…… It is desirable that...(should) do...……是可取的。
(1)Most women have a desire for flexible work time so that they can balance their career and family.
(2)It is desirable that atomic energy (should) be used(use) for peaceful purpose.
(3)由于我强烈渴望学习一种新技能，我向妈妈寻求帮助，在她的帮助下，我开始在暑假期间学习如何做饭。 (2023·全国乙，书面表达)
As I had a strong desire/strongly desired to learn a new skill，I turned to my mother for help，with whose help I began to learn how to cook during the summer vacation.
(4)我希望你们每个人都和我一起建设低碳校园，只有通过共同努力，我们才能把我们的校园变成一个更绿色、更整洁的地方。(2024·天津6月，书面表达)
I desire that each of you (should) join me in building a low-carbon campus and only with joint efforts can we transform our campus into a greener and cleaner place.
4．struggle vi.& n．奋斗；斗争；搏斗；拼搏
struggle to do...努力做……；挣扎着做…… struggle against/with...同……作斗争；与……抗争 struggle with...for...为争取……而与……作斗 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
(1)At present，Jack has to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties in studies.
(2)Nowadays，the youth including many graduates have been struggling for a better future.
(3)In such a huge school building，Eva，who had poor directional skills，struggled to navigate(navigate) and often got lost.(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)
(4)大卫挣扎着站起来，继续跑，没有表现出任何放弃的迹象。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David struggled to his feet and continued his running，showing no sign of giving up.
5．concern vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧 n．担心；忧虑；关心(concerned adj.担心的；关切的；感兴趣的；有关的；参与的 concerning prep.关于；涉及)
as far as...be concerned就……而言 be concerned about/for对……担心/关心 be concerned with与……有关 show/express concern for/about对……表示关心
(1)The authorities concerned are deeply concerned about the issue concerning educational reform.(concern)
(2)最让我担心的是大卫是否能在摔倒后爬起来。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
What concerned me most was whether David could pick himself up after falling down.
(3)得知你感冒了，我写信表示关心，并祝你早日康复。
Learning that you have caught a cold，I am writing to show my concern and wish you an early recovery.
(4)我写信告诉你我们学校举行的成人礼的相关事宜。在我看来，它使我们意识到作为成年人我们所承担的责任。
I am writing to tell you something concerning the coming-of-age ceremony held in our school.As far as I am concerned，it makes us aware of the responsibility we are shouldering as adults.
6．design n．设计；设计艺术 vt.设计；制订(designer n．设计者)
by design＝on purpose故意地 be designed for sth/sb为……而设计 be designed to do sth为做……而设计；旨在做……；目的是……
(1)What concerned the couple was that their child lied to them by design more than once.
(2)“The most famous designers(design) are Chinese，so are the models，and so are the consumers，” she says.
(3)英文报Youth中的许多专栏是专门为青少年设计的，旨在丰富我们的校园生活。
Many columns of the English newspaper Youth are specially designed for teenagers and they are designed to enrich our campus life.
7．account n．账户；描述；解释 vt.认为是，视为(accountant n．会计员；会计师)
on account of由于，因为 on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) take account of(＝take...into account/consideration)考虑到……，把……考虑进去 give an account of叙述/描述…… account for说明；做出解释；占……(比例)
(1)These occupations now account for 37.6% of all workers.
(2)由于老师的鼓励和劝说，他最终参加了比赛。
On account of the teacher’s encouragement and persuasion，he finally joined in the race.
(3)每当遇到陷入困境的人，一个“活雷锋”绝不会袖手旁观。(2023·天津3月，书面表达)
Whenever meeting anyone who is trapped in difficulties，on no account will a “living Leifeng” stand by.(用倒装句)
(4)如果您能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
I would be very grateful if you could take my invitation into account/take account of my invitation.
(5)我写信的目的是向您详细讲述我在一次志愿者项目中的难忘经历。(应用文写作之告知信)
I’m writing to give you a full account of my unforgettable experience in a volunteer programme.
1．On the other hand，when you are struggling to control your feelings，you wish they could be more caring and patient...(wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气)
另一方面，当你努力控制自己的情绪时，你又希望父母能够更加体贴，更有耐心……
2．The good news is that this stormy period will not last.(that引导表语从句)
好消息是这段“暴风骤雨期”不会一直持续下去。
3．There’s no point in comparing you with others all the time.(There’s no point in doing...)
总是将你和别人比较是毫无意义的。
4．Through this kind of healthy discussion，you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control.(疑问词＋不定式)
通过这种良性讨论，你会学会何时应该做出让步，何时可以要求父母放松对你的掌控。
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。 在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。 whether后可接不定式，而if不可以。
(1)When meeting with an emergency，he doesn’t know what to do(do) to keep calm.
(2)如果您能给我们一些关于如何应对这种情况的建议，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之求助信)
I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to cope with the situation.
(3)大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否要去参加越野赛。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David closed his eyes，bit his lips and frowned，thinking about whether to take part in/participate in/engage in the cross-country run or not.
5．Whatever happened，we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon.(“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句)
无论发生什么，我们一直都知道，最后还有妈妈的银行账户这个靠山。
whatever，whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what/when/where/how。 whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。 “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
(1)无论路途多么艰难，都没有参赛者半途而废。
However/No matter how rough the road was，no participants gave up halfway.
(2)在赛跑中赢得第一名的人将获得金牌。(应用文写作之通知)
The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins first place in the running race.
(3)事实上，我尝到胜利的滋味，学会了无论出现什么困难都要坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
Indeed，I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance whatever/no matter what difficulties might arise.
(4)无论你走到哪里，无论你做什么，你都有机会触动或改变一个人的观念。(读后续写之主题升华)
Wherever you go，and whatever you do，you will have an opportunity to touch or change a person’s outlook.
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每空1分，共8分)
1．rate n．速度；率 vt.& vi.评价，评估
2．rough adj.艰难的；粗糙的；不确切的
3．forum n．论坛，讨论会；公共集会场所
4．adventure n．冒险，冒险经历，奇遇
5．grocery n．食品杂货；食品杂货店
6．pipe n．烟斗；管子；管乐器
7．downtown adv.在市中心，往市中心
8．lap n．大腿部
Ⅱ.重点单词(每空1分，共12分)
1．battle n．& vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争
2．spot n．粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所
3．target n．(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标；面向
4．desire n．& vt.渴望，希望
5．struggle vi.& n．奋斗；斗争；搏斗
6．view n．看法；视线；景色 vt.把……视为；观看
7．likely adj.可能的，预料的，有希望的
8．unique adj.独一无二的；独特的；独具的，特有的
9．gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
10．scene n．(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光
11．figure n．数字；人物；体形，身材
12．account n．账户；描述；解释 vt.认为是，视为
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每空1分，共22分)
1．anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望
2．concern n．担心，忧虑；关心 vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧→concerned adj.担心的；关切的→concerning prep.关于；涉及
3．normal adj.正常的，一般的 n．常态，通常标准→normally adv.通常；正常地→abnormal adj.不正常的，异常的；畸形的
4．stress n．精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重→stressed adj.焦虑不安的→stressful adj.紧张的
5．performance n．表现；表演；执行，履行→perform vt.& vi.表演；表现→performer n．表演者；演员
6．tension n．紧张关系；紧张；拉伸→tense adj.紧张的
7．eager adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerly adv.急切地→eagerness n．渴望
8．response n．回复；反应，响应→respond vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应
Ⅳ.核心短语(每空1分，共6分)
1．see eye to eye with sb (on sth)(在某事上)与某人看法一致
2．cheer up(使)变得高兴，振奋起来
3．calm down平静，镇静，安静
4．from one’s point of view从某人的角度、观点出发
5．think sth through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透
6．back down承认错误，认输
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共13分)
1．Tom’s mother was so angry with him that she couldn’t control her anger.(anger)
2．We all desire to create(create) a peaceful and stable environment for economic development.
3．There is no point in getting(get) into a panic about the exams so long as we’re well prepared.
4．He could not escape the massed ranks of newsmen who spotted him crossing(cross) the lawn.
5．Like many women of her age，she struggles to find(find) a balance between her career and her family.
6．After graduation/graduating from college，many graduates suffer a period of frustration.(graduate)
7．To my mother’s relief，I shot up and became the tallest one in my family as a result of regular exercise.(读后续写之动作描写)
8．Sometimes I can’t help wishing that I were(be) her mother instead，keeping her company and watching her grow.(读后续写之心理描写)
9．An argument broke out between the two men because one of them argued that their plan should be called off but his partner disagreed with him.(argue)
10．We are eager to understand(understand) how these timeless works resonate with contemporary society in the rapid development of our era.
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共19分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.如图表所示，选择阅读英语书籍和访问英语学习网站的学生只占18%和12%。(as引导非限制性定语从句，现在分词短语作后置定语) 2.然而，大多数学生更喜欢听英语歌曲，认为无论他们在何地，他们都能学习。(“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句) 3.原因是由于缺乏自律性，学生们很可能会沉迷于玩游戏。(that引导表语从句，be likely to do) 4.学生们迫切需要知道做些什么才能成为一个高效的学习者。(疑问词＋不定式) Nowadays，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways. 1.As the chart shows，students choosing to read English books and visit English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.However，the majority of students prefer listening to English songs，thinking 2.wherever they are，they can always learn. From my point of view，it is a disturbing trend，about which I am anxious.3.The reason is that students are likely to be addicted to playing games for lack of self-discipline.It is urgent that students should know 4.what to do to be a high-efficiency learner.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元的词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1．Walking through the woods，she spotted① a clearing that was dotted with unusual red spots②.As she approached，she realized they were rare wildflowers.Her discovery made the spot③ a popular one，attracting more and more people’s attention.
①vt.发现　②n.斑点　③n.地点
2．In the thrilling school running race，Tom shot① towards the finish line with excitement，eager to take the lead.During the football match，Tom shot② a goal，all the audience present cheering.Meanwhile，students from the photography club eagerly shot③ the memorable moment of the game.Unexpectedly，Tom is also a conservationist who advocates forbidding shooting④ wild animals.
①vi.冲　②vt.射门　③vt.拍摄　 ④vt.射杀
3．There stands a tall figure① beside the wall covered with some irregular figures②.I figure③ that though he is as strong as a sportsman in figure④，he is not the figure⑤ that we are looking for.
①n.人影　②n.图形　③vt.认为　④n.身材　⑤n.人物
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Every time I asked him for proposals，he would make a response to me immediately.
2．Physically active children are more likely to have(have) a positive attitude towards life.
3．The exchange student volunteered to design(design) the pattern of the flag for our team.
4．The reporter interviewed some people on the scene to know about the whole incident.
5．My English teacher is viewed as one of the most responsible and attractive teachers in our school.
6．There is often a tension(tense) between the aims of the company and the wishes of the employees.
7．We got the news from the poster that the sports star didn’t take part in the game on account of his injured legs.
8．Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help(help) them succeed academically.
9．The operation of the device is extremely simple，and even a child can learn to operate it in less than 10 minutes.(operate)
10．After a stressful week of work，all the employees were extremely stressed and tired.They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.(stress)
Ⅲ.语法填空　语境串记单元词汇
Heated arguments between teenagers and their parents are common,1.which often result in family tensions.I am no exception.I remember when I was a teenager，I was 2.anxious(anxiety) and often argued with my parents.My head teacher,3.an important figure in my life，heard about my dilemma and was 4.determined(determine) to help me out.On the one hand，she knew teenagers were facing great physical and mental stress and that they had a strong desire 5.to be understood(understand)．She told me that it was normal that I was eager to be independent.On the other hand，she often called my parents，and communicated with them.6.Slowly(slow)，my parents realized it was wrong 7.of them to design everything for me.They became more caring and patient.What’s more，my teacher gave me much confidence.She made me realize that I was unique and told me that she was proud of my 8.performance(perform) at school.However，she reminded me to learn to hold my anger.
With the help of my head teacher，I understood my parents.I began to consider the situation from their point of view.Even 9.if/though I didn’t see eye to eye with them on everything，I would try to keep calm and avoid 10.quarrelling(quarrel) with them.Sometimes，I would back down.I even tried to view my parents as my friends.Eventually，everything turned out all right.I must say “Thank you” to my head teacher.
2024·上海 假设你是明启中学的高三学生李明，你们学校英语报开设了一个“排忧解难”专栏，你的校友Lynn发出求助，请根据她的来信写封回信： I’m a high school student.I want to do some cooking，but my parents don’t allow me to do so.How can I change their mind？ 写作要求：1.提出你的建议；2.说明你的理由。
完成句子
1．听说你在学做饭方面与父母意见不一，我感到非常遗憾。你的父母反对你做饭是很正常的，所以没有必要为此担心。(see eye to eye with sb on sth，normal，there is no point in doing sth)
2．这里是我的一些建议，关于如何说服你的父母允许你做饭。(疑问词＋to do)
3．首先，我的建议是你应该诚恳地和你的父母交换意见，而不是保持沉默。不管你想做饭的原因是什么，一定要让你的父母知道。(that引导表语从句，whatever引导让步状语从句，desire)
4．与此同时，你可以承诺，你已经足够大了，可以采取一切必要的安全措施，减少他们对你安全的担忧。(同位语从句，现在分词短语作状语，concern)
5．最后但同样重要的是强调健康的生活方式。为了健康快乐地生活，烹饪是青少年的一项基本技能，因为自制食品比外卖食品更美味、更有营养。(stress，不定式作目的状语，as引导原因状语从句)
6．只有通过有效的沟通，你才有可能避免与父母争吵，并让他们同意你的想法。我希望我的建议对你有很大的帮助，你很快就会喜欢烹饪了。(only位于句首，likely，argument)
组句成篇　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Lynn，
I’m extremely sorry to hear that you don’t see eye to eye with your parents on learning to cook.It is normal for your parents to be opposed to your cooking，so there is no point in worrying about it.Here is some of my advice on how to convince your parents to allow you to cook.
First of all，my suggestion is that you (should) exchange ideas with your parents sincerely instead of keeping silent.Whatever your reasons for desiring to cook are，do let your parents know.Meanwhile，you can make a promise that you are old enough to take all necessary safety measures，reducing their concern about your safety.Last but not least，stress should be placed on the healthy lifestyle.To live healthily and happily，cooking is a basic skill for teenagers as homemade food is more delicious and nutritious than takeaway food.
Only by communicating effectively will you be likely to avoid having an argument with your parents and let them approve of your idea.I hope my suggestions are of great help and you will enjoy cooking soon.
Yours，
Li Ming
教材语料整合
亮 词 [情感描写]　tension n．紧张关系；紧张　anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 anger n．怒气，怒火　desire n．& vt.渴望，希望　cheer up (使)变得高兴，振奋起来　concern n．担心，忧虑；关心 vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧　eager adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的
[动作描写]　battle vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争　shoot vi.& vt.冲；射击；摄影　struggle vi.奋斗；斗争；搏斗　calm down平静，镇静，安静　gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集　think sth through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论→argument n．争吵，争论；论点
美句 1.We would watch with anxious interest.(情感描写) 2.Eagerly we gathered around the table.I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. (动作描写) 3.Mama gave him a bright smile and wrote down a number.(动作描写) 4.However，just as a baby kangaroo must learn to protect itself when it leaves its mother’s pocket，I will have to learn to protect myself when I grow up.(主旨升华) 5.I wish they could be more flexible so that I can make my own choices about what to do in my spare time.(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：焦虑与不安
单词 1.worry v．(使)担心，发愁；烦扰 n．担心，发愁；烦心事→worried adj.担心的；焦虑的；发愁的 2.nervous adj.紧张的→nervousness n．紧张 3.uneasy adj.不安的→unease n．不安；忧虑 4.restless adj.不耐烦的；坐立不安的→restlessness n．坐立不安，心神不定 5.tremble v．颤抖；抖动 6.quiver vi.微颤，抖动 n．抖动；强烈感情 7.murmur n．咕哝；低声说话 vt.& vi.小声说 vi.连续发出低沉的声音
词块 1.pace up and down走来走去 2.murmur in a trembling voice用颤抖的声音喃喃低语 3.heart beats wildly心疯狂地跳动 4.with one’s heart in one’s mouth提心吊胆地 5.a flood/wave of tension一阵紧张 6.palms get sweaty手心出汗 7.throat tightens喉咙发紧 8.be on pins and needles如坐针毡 9.be consumed/seized with anxiety焦虑不安 10.have/with butterflies in one’s stomach心里发慌 11.be like a cat on hot bricks局促不安，如坐针毡，像热锅上的蚂蚁 12.a surge/wave/flood of anxiety swept over me一阵焦虑席卷了我
句型 1.Jim paced up and down in the room，lost in deep thought. 吉姆在房间里踱来踱去，陷入沉思之中。 2.Standing in front of the line，Emily felt her throat tight and her palms sweating. 站在队伍的前面，艾米莉感到喉咙紧绷，手心出汗。 3.Full of anxiety，I was on pins and needles.我满心焦虑不安，如坐针毡。 4.She couldn’t help but feel a surge of anxiety as she awaited the final decision. 她等待着最后的决定时，忍不住感到一阵焦虑。 5.So anxious did I feel that my heart almost jumped out of my throat. 我太着急了，以至于我的心都快跳出来了。 6.Before the final exam，I always have butterflies in my stomach.期末考试前，我总是紧张不安。 7.My heart began to race and my mind went blank.我开始心跳加速，头脑一片空白。
语料运用　青少年生活
Standing behind the stage，①I was on pins and needles.②Nervous and uneasy(形容词短语作状语)，I paced up and down，waiting for my turn.Later，the instant I heard my name called，I ③felt my throat tight and my palms sweating(feel＋宾语＋宾补)．④So anxious was I that my heart almost jumped out of my throat(部分倒装)．I was about to run away when my head teacher approached，encouraging me to be confident.Gradually，⑤the flood of anxiety disappeared(无灵主语)．After my presentation，I spotted that all the audience stood up and applauded for me.It dawned on me that ⑥there was no point in being seized by anxiety(there’s no point in doing...) and it is our attitude that matters.
站在舞台后面，我如坐针毡。既紧张又不安，我踱来踱去，等着轮到我。后来，一听到我的名字，我就觉得喉咙发紧，手心冒汗。我非常焦虑，以至于我的心都要跳出来了。我正要逃跑时，校长走过来，鼓励我要有信心。渐渐地，焦虑消失了。演讲结束后，我发现所有的听众都站起来为我鼓掌。我明白了焦虑不安是毫无意义的，重要的是我们的态度。
单元主题组合练(1)
(分值：62.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·湖北一模)
To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies.No child imitates every action he sees.Sometimes the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example.Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than “Monkey see，monkey do”．
Look at it from the child’s point of view.Here he is in a new situation，lacking a ready response.He is seeking a response which will gain certain ①ends.If he lacks a ready response for the situation，and cannot reason out what to do，he observes a model who seems able to get the right result.In other words，the child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do.
There is a second element at work in this situation.The child may attain his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people around.When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message，he is told that such an action is unpleasant，and that he should walk into the next room to say his ②say quietly.Thus，the desire to solve a problem is ③overlaid by the desire to solve it properly.One early thing the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response.If one is to maintain others’ support and his own self-respect，he must adopt responses his social groups approves.
In finding trial responses，the child does not choose models at random.He imitates the person who seems a good person to be liked，rather than a person whose social status he wishes to avoid.If the pupil wants to be a good violinist，he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players，rather than those who may most influence his approach to books.
Admiring one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole，and he becomes an identifying figure.We use some people as models over a wide range of situations，imitating much that they do.We know they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们描述了决定儿童模仿行为的因素。
1．What does the author mean to do with the last sentence of the first paragraph
A．To compare children’s behaviors to monkeys’．
B．To tell us that children do not learn by imitation.
C．To warn that children should not learn by imitating their parents.
D．To show it is partial to regard imitation as “Monkey see，monkey do”．
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Sometimes the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns.Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than ‘Monkey see，monkey do’．”并结合该段第一句中的“oversimplifies(太简单化)”可知，孩子无视父母希望自己效仿的榜样，反而向其他榜样学一些截然相反的模式，因此父母认为必须转向一种更微妙的理论。由此可推知，作者想用第一段的最后一句证明把模仿看成是“小猴看样学样”的观点是片面的。故选D。
2．According to the passage，what’s the first element at work when a child learns by imitation
A．The desire to please others.
B．The need to avoid criticism.
C．The need to ensure a safe result.
D．The desire to fit into a new culture.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Here he is in a new situation，lacking a ready response...he observes a model who seems able to get the right result.In other words，the child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do.”可知，当孩子通过模仿学习时，第一个起作用的因素是确保安全结果的需要。故选C。
3．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A．How children choose models.
B．How children learn by imitation.
C．The motives of children’s imitation.
D．The influence of children’s imitation.
答案　A
解析　段落大意题。根据最后两段，尤其是“In finding trial responses，the child does not choose models at random.”和“ We know they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.”可知，最后两段主要讲的是孩子如何选择模仿对象。故选A。
4．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A．Admiration for Children’s Imitation
B．Misunderstanding of Children’s Imitation
C．Children’s Imitation：Not a Simple Trick
D．Children’s Imitation：Not Unique to Humans
答案　C
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段可知，本文介绍了传统的“模仿学习”观点过于简单化，实际上孩子不会盲目模仿所有行为，为此介绍了决定儿童模仿行为的因素，证实了模仿背后大有乾坤，所以 Children’s Imitation：Not a Simple Trick 为最佳标题。故选C。
语境猜词 ①end(熟义：n.最后部分，末尾) 生义(文义)：n.目的，目标 ②say(熟义：v.说，讲) 生义(文义)：n.意见；观点 ③overlay(合)＝over＋lay v．覆盖；掩盖
B
“I spilled soup all over the table，but it wasn’t my fault.”“I got into trouble at school，but it wasn’t my fault.” Such statements are often heard.“It’s not my fault” is actually a common response for so many people and especially teenagers.Parents complain that they’re tired of the “excuses”．
The reason why ①variations of “it’s not my fault” are so popular is that they get us out of guilt，blame and anger.Those emotions may come from others’ reactions or our own self-talks.In the case of adolescents，they are often trying to escape responsibility and punishment for mistakes.
Some teens would benefit from decreasing their self-blame.Those who blame themselves for things that they can’t control tend to be highly self-critical and are more likely to be anxious.
Many teens overly rely on “it’s not my fault”．However，②overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of helplessness to control their own lives.Besides，“it’s not my fault” focuses a teen’s attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done.In trying to get them to assume responsibility，many parents attempt to convince their children that something is their fault，but the approach tends to be ③ineffective.A more effective approach is to face up to drawbacks to find solutions to the drawbacks actively.
People may not have caused all their problems，but they have to solve them anyway.Getting stuck in sharing blame often keeps people from moving forward effectively.What does one do if he is pushed into a deep lake One could certainly stay in water，yelling，“It’s not my fault.” However，that is not going to get him out of water.At some point，he needs to swim to shore，regardless of the fault.
Like most things in life，freeing ourselves from blame has its advantages and disadvantages.The question isn’t what is “right”，but what is most effective in moving forward.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍的是许多家长对孩子“这不是我的过失”的陈述感到无奈，作者认为这种陈述有坏的一面也有好的一面，但重要的是让孩子正确面对错误，不断进步。
5．Who is likely to rely on “it’s not my fault”？
A．A highly self-critical teenager.
B．A teenager unwilling to admit a fault.
C．A teenager facing up to his responsibilities.
D．A teenager anxious about uncontrollable things.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The reason why variations of ‘it’s not my fault’ are so popular is that they get us out of guilt，blame and anger.”可知，“这不是我的错”能使我们摆脱内疚、责备和愤怒，所以才会如此流行，结合下文中的“In the case of adolescents，they are often trying to escape responsibility and punishment for mistakes.”可知，青少年这样做就是为了逃避责任和对错误的惩罚，由此可知，那些不愿意承认错误的人很可能依赖于说“这不是我的错”。故选B。
6．What is the author’s advice on getting teens to assume responsibility
A．Letting them focus on what is done.
B．Persuading them to admit their fault.
C．Making them correct the mistake actively.
D．Helping them analyze the reason for the mistake.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In trying to get them to assume responsibility，many parents attempt to convince their children that something is their fault，but the approach tends to be ineffective.A more effective approach is to face up to drawbacks to find solutions to the drawbacks actively.”可知，很多家长用各种方法让孩子相信有些事情是他们的错，但这些经常是无效的，更有效的方法是让孩子正视缺点，主动寻找解决的方法，由此可知，作者建议让他们主动改正错误。故选C。
7．Why does the author raise such a question in paragraph 5
A．To put forward a new solution to drawbacks.
B．To show handling problems should come first.
C．To explain why teenagers get stuck in sharing blame.
D．To analyze what kind of problem is caused by others.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“People may not have caused all their problems，but they have to solve them anyway.Getting stuck in sharing blame often keeps people from moving forward effectively.”可知，作者认为不论错误是谁的，都必须先要解决问题，否则会阻碍人们向前发展，进而在下文提出问题“What does one do if he is pushed into a deep lake？”并进行分析，结合下文中的“At some point，he needs to swim to shore，regardless of the fault.”可知，不管是谁的错都应先游到岸边，综合以上信息可知，作者提及这个问题是为了表明首先要解决问题，而不是追究谁的责任。故选B。
8．What is the author’s purpose in writing this text
A．To help teenagers out of self-blame.
B．To tell parents how to educate children.
C．To help teenagers face mistakes properly.
D．To tell children to do self-talks consciously.
答案　C
解析　写作意图题。根据尾段“Like most things in life，freeing ourselves from blame has its advantages and disadvantages.The question isn’t what is ‘right’，but what is most effective in moving forward.”可知，把自己从责备中解脱出来有好处也有坏处，但问题不在于什么是正确的，而是什么才是最有效的解决方式，结合上文中对“这不是我的错”这一陈述的好处和坏处的分析，并用提问的方式表明无论谁的错，都应该先要解决问题，可知本文的写作目的是帮助青少年正确地面对错误。故选C。
语境猜词 ①variation(派)＝var(y)＋i＋ation n．变化，变动 ②overuse(派)＝over＋use n．使用过度 ③ineffective(派)＝in＋effect＋ive adj.无效果的，不起作用的
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·安徽马鞍山二模)
Have more fun.Learn new things.These aren’t bad New Year’s resolutions.But where do you start？ 1
Ask yourself how you want to feel.
Hobbies present an ①escape—they can help you get out of your head and calm down，says Matthew J．Zawadzke，an ②associate professor of health psychology at the University of California. 2 Mentally engaged Distracted Relaxed Socially connected It’s also helpful to consider what your life is missing，like creativity or physical activity.
Start small.
3 ③Ease in to figure out if it’s right for you，advises Rebecca Weiler，a mental health advisor.“You can always do more later，” she says.If you’re wondering if paintballing might be a good fit，join an outing or two with a local Meetup group.Or sign up for a one-time pottery class rather than a set of eight.
4
When you were a kid，what did you want to be when you grew up The answer could point you toward an appealing hobby，Weiler says.“If you wanted to be a major league player，what can you do now that fulfills that urge for you？” she asks.Joining a softball team or coaching some neighborhood kids could awaken a passion.
Go back to school.
Consider signing up for a lesson to learn more about a potential hobby，Weiler advises.Always dreamed of producing a novel 5 Interested in family history Take a genealogy(宗谱学) class.Plenty of e-courses are available free or at a low price.
A．Take a trip back in time.
B．Join a fiction writers group.
C．There’s no such thing as one perfect enthusiasm.
D．Don’t invest a ton of time and money in a new hobby immediately.
E．He suggests asking yourself how you want an activity to make you feel.
F．His research indicates that people feel guilty about spending time on leisure.
G．Experts can help you to discover the hobbies you don’t yet know you’ll love.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何发现自己的爱好提出了一些建议。
1．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Have more fun.Learn new things...But where do you start？”可知，本句主要回答上文从哪里开始学习新事物的问题。故G选项“专家可以帮助你发现你还不知道你会喜欢的爱好”符合语境，故选G。
2．答案　E
解析　根据上文可知，本段是Zawadzke的建议，结合后文“Mentally engaged Distracted Relaxed Socially connected？”可知，本句应涉及一些感受。故E选项“他建议问问你自己，你希望一项活动给你带来怎样的感觉”符合语境，故选E。
3．答案　D
解析　根据小标题并结合本段下文可知，本段主要建议先从小事开始尝试一个爱好，而不是直接投入太多。故D选项“不要马上在一个新的爱好上投入大量的时间和金钱”符合语境，故选D。
4．答案　A
解析　根据本段内容可知，本段的主旨是通过回忆过去来发现爱好。故A选项“回忆过去的时光”符合语境，适合作小标题，故选A。
5．答案　B
解析　根据上文“Always dreamed of producing a novel？”并结合小标题可知，本句应是关于学习写小说。故B选项“加入一个小说作家小组”符合语境，故选B。
语境猜词 ①escape(熟义：v.逃跑；逃脱) 生义(文义)：n.消遣；解脱 ②associate(熟义：v.联想；联系) 生义(文义)：adj.副的 ③ease in 使逐步适应
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·山东枣庄二模)
One day，I had a serious quarrel with my father.I felt he was always trying to 1 me and I wanted to break free.After we exploded in 2 ，I ①stormed out of the house and went back to school.
All that day，my mind was ②racing with 3 thoughts.After all，he hadn’t even finished high school，but here I was a ③mighty college student! How dare he try to 4 me on my life and plans
Suddenly，I realized that I didn’t do the assignment that was 5 ：a thought card.Dr.Simon always 6 us to think deeply by raising all kinds of questions about social issues，political issues，personal issues，etc. 7 for something to write，I could only think of the 8 I’d just had with my dad.
“I am the son of an idiot！” I wrote and then 9 .The next day，Dr.Simon gave back our cards.He put mine on the desk face down.I picked it up，almost unable to turn it 10 .On the card，he wrote，“What does ‘the son of an idiot’ 11 with the rest of his life？”
I felt like someone had 12 me in the face.Again and again，my parents didn’t 13 me and I blamed them for this or that，but how long could I get away with blaming them for my life
Slowly，my thinking 14 and my relationship with my father improved.Instead of controlling，now I saw him as concerned and caring.And it all started with an innocent-seeming 15 .
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和父亲发生了争吵，认为父亲总是想要控制自己。在提交的思想卡上看到西蒙博士写下的一个问题后，作者开始反思。慢慢地，作者的想法转变了，和父亲的关系也改善了。
1．A.prevent B．trouble
C．criticize D．control
答案　D
解析　prevent阻止；trouble麻烦；criticize批评；control控制。根据空后的“I wanted to break free”及最后一段中的“Instead of controlling，now I saw him as concerned and caring.”可知，作者觉得父亲总是想控制自己。故选D。
2．A.details B．shouts
C．tears D．flames
答案　B
解析　detail细节；shout喊叫声；tear眼泪；flame火焰。根据上文“One day，I had a serious quarrel with my father.”可知，作者和父亲发生了争吵，此处指喊叫声。故选B。
3．A.deep B．stupid
C．angry D．strange
答案　C
解析　deep深的；stupid愚蠢的；angry生气的；strange奇怪的。根据“I stormed out of the house”可知，作者很生气。故选C。
4．A.lecture B．overcome
C．suspect D．compete
答案　A
解析　lecture指责，训斥；overcome克服；suspect怀疑；compete竞争。根据“After all，he hadn’t even finished high school，but here I was a mighty college student！”可知，作者认为父亲没有自己的学历高，不应该对自己的生活和计划说教。故选A。
5．A.near B．prior
C．close D．due
答案　D
解析　near近的；prior优先的；close亲密的；due到期的。根据“Suddenly，I realized that I didn’t do the assignment”和“The next day，Dr.Simon gave back our cards.”可知，作者意识到还有快到期的任务没有完成。故选D。
6．A.forced B．challenged
C．confused D．appealed
答案　B
解析　force强迫；challenge挑战，强烈建议；confuse使困惑；appeal呼吁。根据“us to think deeply by raising all kinds of questions about social issues，political issues，personal issues”可知，西蒙博士总是强烈建议作者和同学们深入思考。故选B。
7．A.Empty B．Desperate
C．Absent D．Curious
答案　B
解析　empty空的；desperate非常需要，极想；absent缺席的；curious好奇的。根据“Suddenly，I realized that I didn’t do the assignment that was ：a thought car.”可知，和父亲发生争吵之后，发现自己的任务还没完成，作者很想写些什么来完成任务。故选B。
8．A.fight B．matter
C．lesson D．fact
答案　A
解析　fight斗争，打架；matter问题；lesson课，教训；fact事实。根据“One day，I had a serious quarrel with my father.”可知，作者满脑子想的都是和父亲吵架。故选A。
9．A.put away B．calmed down
C．signed up D．handed in
答案　D
解析　put away把……收起来；calm down平静下来；sign up注册，报名；hand in上交。根据“The next day，Dr.Simon gave back our cards.”可知，作者写完就上交了思想卡。故选D。
10．A.down B．up
C．over D．around
答案　C
解析　turn down调低(音量)，拒绝；turn up调高(音量)，出现；turn over移交，翻转；turn around转身。根据“He put mine on the desk face down.”可知，作者应该是把卡片翻过来看上面的内容。故选C。
11．A.do B．agree
C．deal D．leave
答案　A
解析　do做，进行；agree同意；deal处理；leave离开。根据“the rest of his life”可知，西蒙博士询问作者，作为这种父亲的儿子将如何度过余生。和what搭配，表示“处理，度过”，用do with。故选A。
12．A.joked B．struck
C．looked D．ignored
答案　B
解析　joke开玩笑；strick击打；look看；ignore忽视。根据“What does ‘the son of an idiot’ with the rest of his life？”可知，看到西蒙博士写的这句话，作者感觉被打脸了。故选B。
13．A.please B．educate
C．praise D．pardon
答案　A
解析　please使满意；educate教育；praise赞美；pardon原谅。根据“I blamed them for this or that”可知，作者认为父母一次又一次让自己不满意。故选A。
14．A.cleared B．struggled
C．shifted D．abandoned
答案　C
解析　clear清理；struggle努力，挣扎；shift转移，改变；abandon放弃。根据“...my parents didn’t me and I blamed them for this or that，but how long could I get away with blaming them for my life？”以及最后一段可知，作者的想法慢慢转变了。故选C。
15．A.quarrel B．teacher
C．reply D．question
答案　D
解析　quarrel争吵；teacher老师；reply回复；question问题。根据倒数第三段中“What does ‘the son of an idiot’ with the rest of his life？”可知，作者认为自己的转变源自西蒙博士的那个问题。故选D。
语境猜词 ①storm(转)n.→v.气冲冲地走 ②race(转)n.→v.(使)快速移动，快速运转 ③mighty(派)＝might＋y adj.强大的，巨大的
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·山东济宁三模改编)
My Thrilling ①Getaway
To escape the hustle and bustle of London，my family began 1.____________ remarkable staycation(本地一日游) to explore unfamiliar shores of Plymouth in South Devon.
After a scenic drive that left us ②in awe，we found 2.____________(our) standing on Mount Batten Beach.The vision before us was breathtaking—rocky pools and rough sand，all surrounded by green hills.That evening，warmth filling the air，we gathered around a crackling bonfire，sharing 3.____________(heart) laughter with fellow beachgoers.
Eager to explore more of Plymouth’s charm，we set out for West Hoe Park the next day, 4._______ provided a spacious play area for children，equipped with plentiful 5._______ (delight)．Our children were totally attracted and we had a hard time 6._________(tear) them away.
Afterwards，we walked 7.____________(leisure) along Hoe Promenade towards Hoe Park.Despite the crowds，we enjoyed a peaceful walk，greatly 8.____________(enhance) by the iconic Smeaton’s Tower lighthouse.Undoubtedly，the highlight of our journey was Bovisand Beach.Our children were ③in their element，building sandcastles and playing in the water，relaxed 9.____________ joyous.
Plymouth cast its spell on us and 10.____________(leave) us with memories that would stay with us for a lifetime.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者一家去普利茅斯海岸度假的经历。
1．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。此处staycation为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且remarkable是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
2．答案　ourselves
解析　考查代词。主语为we，表示“发现我们自己”应用反身代词ourselves作宾语。故填ourselves。
3．答案　hearty
解析　考查形容词。修饰名词laughter应用形容词hearty“开怀的”，作定语。故填hearty。
4．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词West Hoe Park，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
5．答案　delights
解析　考查名词复数。作介词with的宾语，应用名词delight，表示“乐趣，乐事”时为可数名词，再结合空前的plentiful可知，应用复数形式。故填delights。
6．答案　tearing
解析　考查非谓语动词。短语have a hard time doing sth表示“做某事很困难”，符合语境。故填tearing。
7．答案　leisurely
解析　考查副词。修饰句中谓语动词walked应用副词leisurely作状语。故填leisurely。
8．答案　enhanced
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处enhance与we构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填enhanced。
9．答案　and
解析　考查连词。此处relaxed和joyous为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
10．答案　left
解析　考查时态。根据后文would stay可知，为一般过去时。故填left。
语境猜词 ①getaway(合)＝get＋away n．短途旅游 ②in awe 敬畏地 ③in their element 如鱼得水；得心应手
单元主题组合练(2)
(分值：62.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
When children are growing up，what they see in their families is what they tend to consider normal.That means family traditions and other activities are generally seen as just normal.If a family eats dinner together or spends time talking with each other，that’s what the child absorbs and ①internalizes.
Our family traditions are declining as we move toward a more isolated(孤立的) society.How many families no longer share meals around the dinner table，instead choosing to watch TV or text friends on their phones This tends to isolate and ②disconnect family members from each other.It also stops families from communicating and catching up on each other’s lives.
For those of us who grew up in a household where families shared meals together and spent time talking with each other，chances are that we are passing along those traditions to our own families.The problem is that children today often want to spend their time in front of screens rather than people.Cellphones，computers and other attention-grabbing devices often mean parents get resistance to traditional family togetherness time.This pressure can lead parents to give in and let children do what they want rather than fight with them over sitting at the dinner table.This creates the new normal that no longer values the idea of families and the society at large，connecting with each other.
Family and community traditions are important，not just for the current shared experiences，but for the future as well.Since children internalize their experiences，that means generations to come may not know what it’s like to sit together around the dinner table and truly connect as a family.
That is why it is so important that parents and ③caregivers create boundaries of behavior that help to keep family traditions alive.If you remember the shared experiences you had with your parents and grandparents，you know the important bonding that took place during those times.It is this shared experience that brings people closer together and is well worth preserving.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了家庭传统在当今社会中日益减少的问题，强调了家庭和社区传统的重要性，并呼吁父母和护理员制定行为边界，以保持这些传统的活力。
1．What is the phenomenon the author describes at the beginning of the text
A．The increase in shared family meals means a shift towards isolation.
B．Increased use of technology replaces traditional family interactions.
C．More and more children prefer to spend quality time with the family.
D．Family members are more likely to share their updates with each other.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“When children are growing up...that’s what the child absorbs and internalizes.”和第二段“Our family traditions are declining as we move toward a more isolated(孤立的) society...It also stops families from communicating and catching up on each other’s lives.”可知，作者在文章开篇描述了诸如电视、手机之类的科技产品替代了传统的家庭互动。故选B。
2．What is the central concern expressed in paragraph 3
A．The inability of parents to understand technology.
B．The challenge of preserving traditional family values.
C．The influence of technology on children’s education.
D．The necessity of controlling children’s digital devices.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The problem is that children today often want to spend their time in front of screens rather than people...This creates the new normal that no longer values the idea of families and the society at large，connecting with each other.”可知，第三段中表达了担忧：孩子们不再重视家庭和整个社会相互联系，这是传统的家庭价值观面对来自科技的挑战。故选B。
3．What can be inferred about future generations if current trends continue
A．They will be more addicted to advanced technology.
B．They will maintain stronger and closer family bonds.
C．They may create new and irreplaceable family traditions.
D．They may not understand the value of family gatherings.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Since children internalize their experiences，that means generations to come may not know what it’s like to sit together around the dinner table and truly connect as a family.”可推知，如果目前的趋势继续下去，未来几代人将不理解围坐在餐桌旁、真正像一家人一样交流是什么感觉，不理解家庭聚会的价值。故选D。
4．How does the author view the role of parents in preserving family traditions
A．Insignificant. B．Irresponsible.
C．Crucial. D．Overemphasized.
答案　C
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中“That is why it is so important that parents and caregivers create boundaries of behavior that help to keep family traditions alive.”可知，作者认为父母在维护家庭传统方面起着至关重要的作用。故选C。
语境猜词 ①internalize(派)＝internal＋ize v．使内在化 ②disconnect(派)＝dis＋connect v．(使)不联系 ③caregiver(合)＝care＋giver n．家庭护理员
B
(2025·山西临汾模拟预测)
I observed one child hugging her beloved toy dog while reading a book to her friend—both she and her dog were actively turning the pages—and with every page turned，she looked down at her dog，lovingly.As a longtime educator of toddlers and a current PhD student studying transitional phenomena and object relations，I have had the pleasure to witness the presence of transitional objects in the kindergarten.
The term transitional object，①coined in 1951 by D．W.Winnicott，refers to any material to which a child attaches a special value and by means of which the child is able to make the necessary shift from the earliest oral relationship with mother to genuine object-relationships.It is typically something soft，such as a blanket or a soft toy，that is similar to the mother’s warm arms.
It may also be the subject of the child’s fantasies，for example where a teddy bear is spoken to，hugged，punished，etc.It thus becomes a tool for practicing interaction with the external world.Moreover，the transitional object supports the development of the self，as it is used to represent “not me”．By looking at the object，the child knows that it is not the object and hence something individual and separate.In this way，it helps the child develop its sense of “other” things.
If the object is denied in any way，②attachment difficulties may arise later in life.The object allows for and invites emotional well-being，and without such an object，true feelings may be hidden or dismissed as the child has no other means to cope with and comprehend the world.Worse still，the object ③is intimately bound up with the identity of the child.Taking away the object is also taking away something of the child itself.
Winnicott noted that transitional objects continue through the course of our lives，as “sacred monuments” which pull us back to “a place and time of great comfort and memory”．The attachment to certain objects like self photographs defines both memorials，and more importantly a state of connection and presence in the world.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“过渡性客体”及其对孩子的重要性。
5．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By sharing feelings.
B．By illustrating a term.
C．By relating an experience.
D．By providing background information.
答案　C
解析　写作手法题。根据第一段中的“I observed one child hugging her beloved toy dog while reading a book to her friend—both she and her dog were actively turning the pages—and with every page turned，she looked down at her dog，lovingly.”可知，作者通过描述自己的经历引出本文主题——“过渡性客体”，故选C。
6．What does the term “transitional objects” refer to according to the passage
A．Tools used by educators to aid teaching.
B．Items to which a child becomes deeply attached.
C．Toys designed to amuse kids in the kindergarten.
D．Expensive personal possessions gifted by parents.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The term transitional object...refers to any material to which a child attaches a special value and by means of which the child is able to make the necessary shift from the earliest oral relationship with mother to genuine object-relationships.”可知，“过渡性客体”是指孩子赋予其特殊价值并深深依恋的东西，故选B。
7．What might happen if a child’s transitional object is denied
A．He might lose his imagination.
B．He may become more independent.
C．He is less likely to share personal feelings.
D．He probably distances himself from his mother.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“If the object is denied in any way，attachment difficulties may arise later in life.The object allows for and invites emotional well-being，and without such an object，true feelings may be hidden or dismissed as the child has no other means to cope with and comprehend the world.”可知，如果孩子的“过渡性客体”被拒绝，他就不大可能分享个人感受，故选C。
8．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To introduce how to develop a sense of “other” things.
B．To do research on the psychological development of kids.
C．To show how to enhance the bond between mother and child.
D．To stress the importance of transitional objects to children.
答案　D
解析　写作意图题。根据全文内容，并结合最后一段内容可知，文章介绍了“过渡性客体”及其对孩子的重要性，故本文的写作目的是强调过渡性客体对儿童的重要性，故选D。
语境猜词 ①coin(熟义：n.硬币) 生义(文义)：v.创造(新词语) ②attachment(派)＝attach＋ment n．喜欢，依恋 ③be bound up with 与……密切相关，与……紧密相连
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
You know the old saying：It ①takes a village to raise a child.Here are some tips from superstar aunties，uncles and experts on how to be part of the village where children are loved，raised and celebrated.
　1　
Some aunties and uncles want to send gift cards on birthdays and holidays.Others want to do school ②pickup every week.Whatever your style is，the first step in being a supportive adult in a kid’s life is understanding and sharing your own interests with them. 2 The connection can be big or small and can happen whether you’re near or far.
Come up with a routine for staying in touch.
Once you figure out your style，start thinking about how often you want to participate.Are you checking in every day Once a week？ 3
Provide non-judgmental support.
Unlike being a parent，there’s less pressure for you to always be on your best behavior or be the perfect role model. 4 In this safe zone，you can be more free to express yourself than parents.If a kid sees you as a safe person，they might start sharing their secrets with you.
Talk about discipline.
In most situations，kids are going to test the limits when they’re not with their parents，and there may even be some behavior problems. 5 Not only will these conversations help you to act in a proper way with the child，but they could also save your relationship with the parents.Otherwise，it could potentially backfire(适得其反) if the parents disagree with your approach to managing those problems.
A．Figure out your style and set up a connection.
B．Keep secret if a child shares something bad with you.
C．So talk with the parents about what they think is appropriate.
D．So you can listen to kids a little bit differently from their parents.
E．When it comes to building relationships with kids，consistency is key.
F．Finding a shared hobby is an easy way to create a point of connection.
G．You can start by asking whether it is okay to set limits with your child.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章针对“不是父母的叔叔或阿姨等其他人怎样和孩子相处”给出了一些建议。
1．答案　A
解析　下文“Whatever your style is，the first step in being a supportive adult in a kid’s life is understanding and sharing your own interests with them.”和“The connection can be...”说明本段主题是按照自己的风格和孩子建立联系，选项A“找出自己的风格，建立联系”概括本段大意，适合作小标题。故选A。
2．答案　F
解析　上文“Whatever your style is，the first step in being a supportive adult in a kid’s life is understanding and sharing your own interests with them.”介绍了和孩子建立联系的第一步是理解和分享兴趣。选项F“找到一个共同的爱好是建立一个联系点的简单方法”符合语境。F项中的“a shared hobby”对应前一句的“sharing your own interests”，且后一句中的“The connection”指的就是F项中的“create a point of connection”。故选F。
3．答案　E
解析　小标题“Come up with a routine for staying in touch.”和上文“Once you figure out your style，start thinking about how often you want to participate.Are you checking in every day Once a week？”说明要有个保持联系的惯例，选项E“在与孩子建立关系时，坚持是关键”承接上文，呼应标题。故选E。
4．答案　D
解析　上文“Unlike being a parent，there’s less pressure for you to always be on your best behavior or be the perfect role model.”说明你与父母不同，和孩子交往压力很小，选项D“所以你可以与孩子的父母有些不同地倾听他们的声音”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系。故选D。
5．答案　G
解析　上文“In most situations，kids are going to test the limits when they’re not with their parents，and there may even be some behavior problems.”说明孩子们会测试自己的极限，甚至可能会出现一些行为问题，选项G“你可以先问一下是否可以对孩子设定限制”承接上文。G选项中的“set limits”对应上文的“test the limits”。故选G。
语境猜词 ①take a village 需要整个社区的支持 ②pickup(合)＝pick＋up n．接送
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·江苏无锡调研)
Brian Tracy is a very famous Canadian-born ①motivational speaker，and it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there.Brian is 1 good at the fields of public speaking，②leadership and success psychology. 2 ，it did not begin for Brian like that，as he was the troublemaker of the family.
Brian Tracy was born in Canada in 1944 and 3 in the United States.His early childhood was spent in many locations，including Illinois，Wisconsin，Minnesota and California.His family 4 frequently and he was often in a new school.His mother was a 5 single parent who held down three jobs to 6 the family.
In his childhood，he fell in love with reading，which brought him great 7 and helped him go through these tough years.Tracy read 8 books，including biographies(传记) and books on success，personal development and history.His reading gave him an 9 that was far beyond his years.Although his life was full of 10 ，Tracy’s optimism and determination eventually 11 his success.His early childhood experiences 12 his beliefs and values，and he 13 them to his later life and career.
His deeds are an inspiration to many people in trouble and he has one main message for everyone out there，“I believe through 14 and the ③application of what you have learned，you can 15 any obstacle and achieve any goal that you set for yourself.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名的演说家布莱恩·特雷西的成长经历。
1．A.obviously B．generally
C．occasionally D．extremely
答案　D
解析　obviously明显地；generally通常地；occasionally偶然，偶尔；extremely非常。根据前文“it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there”可知，他应该是非常擅长一些领域的演讲。故选D。
2．A.Therefore B．However
C．Besides D．Otherwise
答案　B
解析　therefore因此；however然而；besides除此之外；otherwise否则。根据前文“it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there”及后文“it did not begin for Brian like that，as he was the troublemaker of the family”可知，布莱恩现在很成功，但一开始并不是这样，前后构成转折关系。故选B。
3．A.raised B．adopted
C．acknowledged D．noted
答案　A
解析　raise抚养；adopt收养；acknowledge承认；note指出。根据后文“His early childhood was spent in many locations，including Illinois，Wisconsin，Minnesota and California.”可知，布莱恩小时候在美国很多地方都待过，应该是在美国被抚养长大的。故选A。
4．A.exchanged B．escaped
C．moved D．quarreled
答案　C
解析　exchange交换；escape逃跑；move搬家；quarrel争吵。根据前文“His early childhood was spe(共101张PPT)
Let’s talk teens
必修第一册　 Unit 2
内容索引
过基础　知识排查
查重点　夯基固本
提能力　主题写作
过基础　知识排查
Part One
含义
n.& vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争
词汇
battle
注：下面单词意思后的 表示该词的熟词生义。
过关
必备词汇
延伸
拓展
[同]conflict，struggle
fight a losing battle打一场无望取胜的仗
battle for为……斗争
battle with/against 与……斗争
含义
(在某事上)与某人看法一致
词汇
see eye to eye with sb (on sth)
含义
n.紧张关系；紧张；拉伸
词汇
tension
延伸
拓展
tense adj.紧张的
含义
n.速度；率
vi.& vt.评价，评估
词汇
rate
延伸
拓展
[同]pace，speed
[派]rating n.(电影、电视的)收视率排行榜 ；等级，程度
at an alarming rate以惊人的速度
含义
vi.& vt.(shot，shot)冲，奔 ；射击；射杀；摄影 ；射门
词汇
shoot
延伸
拓展
[派]shooting n.射击；枪杀；拍摄
shoot up快速长高，蹿个儿
含义
n.粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所
vt.看见；发现
词汇
spot
延伸
拓展
[派]spotted adj.有斑点的；有圆点的
on the spot在现场
spot sb doing sth发现某人正在做某事
含义
n.(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子
vt.把……作为攻击目标 ；面向
词汇
target
延伸
拓展
[同]goal，objective
be targeted at旨在，针对
含义
adj.艰难的；粗糙的；不确切的
词汇
rough
含义
n.(关系)破裂；故障
词汇
breakdown
含义
vt.使平静，使镇静
adj.镇静的，沉着的
词汇
calm
延伸
拓展
calm down平静，镇静，安静
含义
n.看法；视线；景色
vt.把……视为 ；观看
词汇
view
延伸
拓展
from one’s point of view从某人的角度、观点出发
in one’s view在某人看来
in view of鉴于；考虑到
view...as把……看作
含义
n.精神压力，紧张；强调
vt.强调，着重
词汇
stress
延伸
拓展
[派]stressed adj.焦虑不安的
stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的
under stress在压力之下
put/lay/place stress on sth强调某事物
含义
n.论坛，讨论会；公共集会场所
词汇
forum
延伸
拓展
[同]meeting
含义
n.专家，行家
adj.熟练的 ，内行的，专家的
词汇
expert
延伸
拓展
an expert in/at/on sth某方面的专家
be expert at/in/on doing sth在做某事方面是专家；擅长做某事
含义
adj.可能的，预料的，
有希望的
词汇
likely
延伸
拓展
[同]probable，possible
Sb/Sth be likely to do sth.某人/某物有可能做某事。
It is likely/probable/possible that...有可能……
含义
adj.独一无二的；独特的；特有的
词汇
unique
延伸
拓展
be unique to...是……独有的
含义
n.表现；表演；执行，履行
词汇
performance
延伸
拓展
perform vt.& vi.表演；表现
[派]performer n.表演者；演员
give/put on a performance表演，上演
academic performance学习成绩；学业表现
含义
(使)变得高兴，振奋起来
词汇
cheer up
含义
vt.& vi.按，压；挤，推；逼迫，敦促
n.报章杂志，报刊
词汇
press
延伸
拓展
[派]pressure n.心理压力，紧张；压力
the press新闻工作者，新闻界
press sb to do sth催促某人做某事
under pressure在压力之下
put pressure on sb给某人施压
含义
adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的
词汇
eager
延伸
拓展
[派]eagerness n.热切；渴望
eagerly adv.急切地
be eager for sth渴望得到某物
be eager to do sth渴望做某事
with eagerness热切地
含义
n.冒险，冒险经历，奇遇
词汇
adventure
延伸
拓展
[派]adventurous adj.爱冒险的，大胆的
含义
缠磨，烦扰
词汇
be on sb’s back about sth
含义
vi.聚集，集合
vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
词汇
gather
延伸
拓展
[派]gathering n.聚集；聚会；集会
gather around聚集
含义
vi.& vt.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做
n.志愿者
词汇
volunteer
延伸
拓展
[派]voluntary adj.志愿的
volunteer to do sth自愿做某事
含义
n.烟斗；管子；管乐器
词汇
pipe
含义
n.数字；人物 ；体形，身材；身影；图表
v.认为；计算
词汇
figure
延伸
拓展
figure out弄明白；计算出
含义
n.出纳员 ；叙述者
词汇
teller
含义
n.(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光
词汇
scene
延伸
拓展
on the scene现场，当场
延伸
拓展
[同]narrator
含义
n.公寓
adj.平坦的；瘪了的
词汇
flat
延伸
拓展
[同]apartment
[派]flatten vt.& vi.(使)变平
含义
n.回复；反应，响应
词汇
response
延伸
拓展
respond vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应
in response to...回应；响应
make a response to...＝respond to...对……作出回应
含义
adj.思想的，精神的，智力的
词汇
mental
延伸
拓展
[派]mentally adv.精神上；智力上
[反]physical adj.体力的；物理的，物质的
含义
adj.频繁的；有规律的
词汇
regular
延伸
拓展
[派]regularly adv.定期地；有规律地
[反]irregular adj.不规则的 ；无规律的
a regular customer/bus 常客/班车
含义
adj.正常的，一般的
n.常态，通常标准
词汇
normal
延伸
拓展
[派]normally adv.通常；正常地
[反]abnormal adj.不正常的，异常的；畸形的
含义
adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得，得到 ；保卫
词汇
secure
延伸
拓展
[派]security n.安全
securely adv.安全地；牢固地
含义
n.怒气，怒火
词汇
anger
延伸
拓展
[派]angry adj.生气的，愤怒的
angrily adv.生气地，愤怒地
boil with anger怒火中烧
be angry at/about/over sth对某事感到生气/愤怒
含义
adj.灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的
词汇
flexible
延伸
拓展
[派]flexibly adv.灵活地
flexibility n.灵活性
延伸
拓展
[派]graduation n.毕业
graduate from...毕业于……(学校)
graduate in...毕业于……(专业)
含义
vi.& vt.毕业
n.毕业生
词汇
graduate
延伸
拓展
operate v.操作；运转；动手术
[派]operator n.电话接线员；操作员
含义
n.手术；运转，操作
词汇
operation
1.形容词变副词：(1)eager，mental，regular，normal，secure变副词，直接加-ly，类似的还有： certain→certainly；natural→naturally；complete-completely。(2)angry是以-y结尾的形容词，变副词时，变y为i再加-ly，类似的还有： happy→happily；lucky→luckily。(3)flexible是以-le结尾的形容词，变副词时去e加y，类似的还有： terrible→terribly；simple→simply；comfortable→comfortably。
2.后缀-ion/-sion/-tion/-ation/-ition：有一些动词变名词常在词尾加这些后缀，如：graduation和operation，类似的还有：react→reaction；admit→admission；expect→expectation；recognize→recognition。
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
(1)Most researchers believe that，in theory，mobile phones are _________
(absolute) safe.
(2)He started working hard much too late in the day—he couldn’t
(possible) catch up.
(3)The children have worked (busy) but (merry) for many hours，making little baskets for the birds.
(4)He intended to launch a campaign with the (intend) of raising people’s awareness of protecting the environment.
(5)Because I lacked experience in making speeches，my teacher offered me some practical tips without (hesitate).
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
absolutely
possibly
busily
merrily
intention
hesitation
1.As we all know，the kangaroo is an animal native to Australia.
2.Look out! Don’t get close to the house whose roof is under repair.
3.You’d better think it through before you make the final decision.
4.I planned to go downtown to try my fortune after graduating from college.
5.They drew all their savings out of their bank account for their daughter’s operation.
阅读词汇
识记
_____
_____
_________
_________
_____
袋鼠
屋顶
充分考虑
往市中心
提取
6.The students turned what could have been a passive interaction into an active one.
7.Adults and teenagers don’t see eye to eye on many things in their daily lives.
8.Besides being a sign of youth，good skin also means that the person is likely to be healthy.
9.Having enough valuable experience，the editor could handle the emergency that popped up.
10.Since I am a regular customer to the grocery store，the boss always gives me a good discount.
_______
_____　_______
_____　_____
_____　_________
_________
被动的
成人
青少年
年轻
皮肤
编辑
紧急情况
食品杂货
11.The Bird’s Nest is an iconic stadium in Beijing，known for its unique design resembling a bird’s nest.
12.I am eager to rent this house but its rent is too high for me，so I have to back down on my idea.
13.She sat quietly，her hands resting gently in her lap，as if contemplating something deeply within her thoughts.
_____
_____　_____　_____
_______
巢穴
租用
租金
放弃
大腿部
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
探究
重点词汇
n.争论，争吵；论点(argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证)
argument
1
·beyond argument无可争辩
·argue with sb about/over sth与某人争论某事
　argue for/against (doing) sth据理支持/反对(做)某事
　argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
　argue that...提出理由说明；主张……
(1)When it comes to the representative tourist attractions，it is beyond 　　　　　(argue) that the Great Wall is one of the symbols of China.(应用文写作之推荐信)
(2)我本想说服他接受我的意见，但我很快意识到和他争论这个问题没用，因为他太固执了。
I had intended to ，but soon I realized ，because he was too stubborn.
argument
argue him into accepting my opinion
it was no use arguing with him about/over the issue
(3)根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语书籍来提高他们的英语水平。
(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
According to the above chart，_________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
65% of the students argue for listening
to English songs while 18% of the students argue that they can have their English level improved by reading English books
anxious
·be anxious
　be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)……
·with anxiety＝anxiously焦虑地；不安地
adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 (anxiety n.担心；焦虑；渴望 anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地)
(1)So anxious was the mother her son/ her son’s safety that she turned to a volunteer organisation for help.
for
2
for sb担心某人
about sth担心某事
about
(2)他焦急地等待着儿子的消息，如坐针毡。(读后续写之心理描写)
He 　 　 and he is on pins and needles.
(3)Eva渴望在巨大的学校大楼里找到路，但她的方向感很差，她是如此焦虑，以至于焦虑的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。
(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)
Eva ________________________________________________________
，but with a poor sense of direction，
poured down her cheeks(倒装句).
is waiting for the news of his son with anxiety/anxiously
was anxious to find her way/was anxious that she could find her
way in the huge school building
so anxious was she that tears of anxiety
desire
·have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
　have a desire for sth渴望得到某物
·desire to do sth 渴望做某事
　desire that...(should) do...渴望……
·It is desirable that...(should) do...……是可取的。
n.& vt.渴望，希望(desirable adj.值得做的；值得拥有的；可取的)
(1)Most women have a desire flexible work time so that they can balance their career and family.
for
3
(2)It is desirable that atomic energy (use) for peaceful purpose.
(3)由于我强烈渴望学习一种新技能，我向妈妈寻求帮助，在她的帮助下，我开始在暑假期间学习如何做饭。
(2023·全国乙，书面表达)
As ，I turned to my mother for help，with whose help I began to learn how to cook during the summer vacation.
(should) be used
I had a strong desire/strongly desired to learn a new skill
(4)我希望你们每个人都和我一起建设低碳校园，只有通过共同努力，我们才能把我们的校园变成一个更绿色、更整洁的地方。
(2024·天津6月，书面表达)
I __________________________________________________________
and only with joint efforts can we transform our campus into a greener and cleaner place.
desire that each of you (should) join me in building a low-carbon
campus
struggle
struggle to do...努力做……；挣扎着做……
struggle against/with...同……作斗争；与……抗争
struggle with...for...为争取……而与……作斗
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
vi.& n.奋斗；斗争；搏斗；拼搏
(1)At present，Jack has to struggle all kinds of difficulties in studies.
(2)Nowadays，the youth including many graduates have been struggling
a better future.
against/with
4
for
(3)In such a huge school building，Eva，who had poor directional skills，struggled (navigate) and often got lost.
(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)
(4)大卫挣扎着站起来，继续跑，没有表现出任何放弃的迹象。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David ，showing no sign of giving up.
to navigate
struggled to his feet and continued his running
concern
·as far as...be concerned就……而言
　be concerned about/for对……担心/关心
　be concerned with与……有关
·show/express concern for/about对……表示关心
vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧 n.担心；忧虑；关心(concerned adj.担心的；关切的；感兴趣的；有关的；参与的 concerning prep.关于；涉及)
(1)The authorities are deeply about the issue
educational reform.(concern)
concerned
concerned
5
concerning
(2)最让我担心的是大卫是否能在摔倒后爬起来。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(3)得知你感冒了，我写信表示关心，并祝你早日康复。
Learning that you have caught a cold，__________________________
.
What concerned me most was whether David could pick himself up after falling down.
I am writing to show my
concern and wish you an early recovery
(4)我写信告诉你我们学校举行的成人礼的相关事宜。在我看来，它使我们意识到作为成年人我们所承担的责任。
I am writing to tell you something ______________________________
held in our school. ，it makes us aware of the responsibility we are shouldering as adults.
concerning the coming-of-age
ceremony
As far as I am concerned
design
·by design＝on purpose故意地
·be designed for sth/sb为……而设计
　be designed to do sth为做……而设计；旨在做……；目的是……
n.设计；设计艺术 vt.设计；制订(designer n.设计者)
(1)What concerned the couple was that their child lied to them design more than once.
(2)“The most famous (design) are Chinese，so are the models，and so are the consumers，” she says.
6
by
designers
(3)英文报Youth中的许多专栏是专门为青少年设计的，旨在丰富我们的校园生活。
Many columns of the English newspaper Youth ___________________
teenagers and they our campus life.
are specially designed
for
are designed to enrich
account
·on account of由于，因为
　on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
　take account of(＝take...into account/consideration)考虑到……，把……考
　虑进去
　give an account of叙述/描述……
·account for说明；做出解释；占……(比例)
n.账户；描述；解释 vt.认为是，视为(accountant n.会计员；会计师)
(1)These occupations now account 37.6% of all workers.
for
7
(2)由于老师的鼓励和劝说，他最终参加了比赛。
，he finally joined in the race.
(3)每当遇到陷入困境的人，一个“活雷锋”绝不会袖手旁观。
(2023·天津3月，书面表达)
Whenever meeting anyone who is trapped in difficulties，_________
.(用倒装句)
On account of the teacher’s encouragement and persuasion
on no
account will a “living Leifeng” stand by
(4)如果您能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
I would be very grateful _______________________________________
.
(5)我写信的目的是向您详细讲述我在一次志愿者项目中的难忘经历。(应用文写作之告知信)
I’m writing to my unforgettable experience in a volunteer programme.
if you could take my invitation into account/
take account of my invitation
give you a full account of
1
On the other hand，when you are struggling to control your feelings，you wish they could be more caring and patient...(wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气)
另一方面，当你努力控制自己的情绪时，你又希望父母能够更加体贴，更有耐心……
The good news is that this stormy period will not last.(that引导表语从句)
好消息是这段“暴风骤雨期”不会一直持续下去。
2
悟通
经典句式
3
There’s no point in comparing you with others all the time.(There’s no point in doing...)
总是将你和别人比较是毫无意义的。
Through this kind of healthy discussion，you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control.(疑问词＋不定式)
通过这种良性讨论，你会学会何时应该做出让步，何时可以要求父母放松对你的掌控。
4
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。
·在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
·whether后可接不定式，而if不可以。
(1)When meeting with an emergency，he doesn’t know what (do) to keep calm.
(2)如果您能给我们一些关于如何应对这种情况的建议，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之求助信)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
to do
I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to cope with the situation.
(3)大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否要去参加越野赛。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David closed his eyes，bit his lips and frowned，thinking about _______
the cross-country run or not.
whether
to take part in/participate in/engage in
5
Whatever happened，we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon.(“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句)
无论发生什么，我们一直都知道，最后还有妈妈的银行账户这个靠山。
·whatever，whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，
　相当于no matter what/when/where/how。
·whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可以引导名词性
　从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。
·“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
(1)无论路途多么艰难，都没有参赛者半途而废。
，no participants gave up halfway.
(2)在赛跑中赢得第一名的人将获得金牌。(应用文写作之通知)
The gold medal will be awarded to ______________________________
.
However/No matter how rough the road was
whoever wins first place in the
running race
(3)事实上，我尝到胜利的滋味，学会了无论出现什么困难都要坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
Indeed，I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance .
(4)无论你走到哪里，无论你做什么，你都有机会触动或改变一个人的观念。(读后续写之主题升华)
，and ，you will have an opportunity to touch or change a person’s outlook.
whatever/no matter what difficulties might arise
Wherever you go
whatever you do
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.rate
2.rough
3.forum
4.adventure
5.grocery
6.pipe
7.downtown
8.lap
词汇默写
默写巩固
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________________
_______________________
_________
n.速度；率 vt.& vi.评价，评估
adj.艰难的；粗糙的；不确切的
n.论坛，讨论会；公共集会场所
n.冒险，冒险经历，奇遇
n.食品杂货；食品杂货店
n.烟斗；管子；管乐器
adv.在市中心，往市中心
n.大腿部
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. n.& vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争
2. n.粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所
3. n.(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子
vt.把……作为攻击目标；面向
4. n.& vt.渴望，希望
5. vi.& n.奋斗；斗争；搏斗
6. n.看法；视线；景色
vt.把……视为；观看
7. adj.可能的，预料的，有希望的
battle
spot
target
desire
struggle
view
likely
8. adj.独一无二的；独特的；独具的，特有的
9. vi.聚集，集合
vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
10. n.(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；
景象，风光
11. n.数字；人物；体形，身材
12. n.账户；描述；解释
vt.认为是，视为
unique
gather
scene
figure
account
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的
→ adv.焦虑地
→ n.担心；焦虑；渴望
2. n.担心，忧虑；关心 vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧
→ adj.担心的；关切的
→ prep.关于；涉及
3. adj.正常的，一般的 n.常态，通常标准
→ adv.通常；正常地
→ adj.不正常的，异常的；畸形的
anxious
anxiously
anxiety
concern
concerned
concerning
normal
normally
abnormal
4. n.精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重
→ adj.焦虑不安的
→ adj.紧张的
5. n.表现；表演；执行，履行
→ vt.& vi.表演；表现
→ n.表演者；演员
6. n.紧张关系；紧张；拉伸
→ adj.紧张的
stress
stressed
stressful
performance
perform
performer
tension
tense
7. adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的
→ adv.急切地
→ n.渴望
8. n.回复；反应，响应
→ vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应
eager
eagerly
eagerness
response
respond
Ⅳ.核心短语
1. (在某事上)与某人看法一致
2. (使)变得高兴，振奋起来
3. 平静，镇静，安静
4. 从某人的角度、观点出发
5. 充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透
6. 承认错误，认输
see eye to eye with sb (on sth)
cheer up
calm down
from one’s point of view
think sth through
back down
语境运用
默写巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Tom’s mother was so with him that she couldn’t control her
.(anger)
2.We all desire (create) a peaceful and stable environment for economic development.
3.There is no point in (get) into a panic about the exams so long as we’re well prepared.
4.He could not escape the massed ranks of newsmen who spotted him
(cross) the lawn.
angry
anger
to create
getting
crossing
5.Like many women of her age，she struggles (find) a balance between her career and her family.
6.After from college，many suffer a period of frustration.(graduate)
7.To my mother’s relief，I shot and became the tallest one in my family as a result of regular exercise.(读后续写之动作描写)
8.Sometimes I can’t help wishing that I (be) her mother instead，keeping her company and watching her grow.(读后续写之心理描写)
to find
graduation/graduating
graduates
up
were
9.An broke out between the two men because one of them
that their plan should be called off but his partner disagreed with him.(argue)
10.We are eager (understand) how these timeless works resonate with contemporary society in the rapid development of our era.
argument
argued
to understand
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.如图表所示，选择阅读英语书籍和访问英语学习网站的学生只占18%和12%。(as引导非限制性定语从句，现在分词短语作后置定语) Nowadays，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways.
1.___________________________________
________________________________________
only account for 18% and 12%.
As the chart shows，students choosing to
read English books and visit English learning
websites
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.然而，大多数学生更喜欢听英语歌曲，认为无论他们在何地，他们都能学习。(“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句) However，the majority of students prefer listening to English songs，thinking 2._________________________
.
wherever they are，they can
always learn
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
3.原因是由于缺乏自律性，学生们很可能会沉迷于玩游戏。(that引导表语从句，be likely to do) 4.学生们迫切需要知道做些什么才能成为一个高效的学习者。(疑问词＋不定式) 　　From my point of view，it is a disturbing trend，about which I am anxious.3._________________________
__________________________________
for lack of self-discipline.It is urgent that students should know
4.________________________________
.
The reason is that students
返 回
are likely to be addicted to playing
games
what to do to be a high-efficiency
learner
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元的词汇
查重点　夯基固本
Part Two
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1.Walking through the woods，she spotted① a clearing that was dotted with unusual red spots②.As she approached，she realized they were rare wildflowers.Her discovery made the spot③ a popular one，attracting more and more people’s attention.
① 　② 　③_______
vt.发现
n.斑点
n.地点
2.In the thrilling school running race，Tom shot① towards the finish line with excitement，eager to take the lead.During the football match，Tom shot② a goal，all the audience present cheering.Meanwhile，students from the photography club eagerly shot③ the memorable moment of the game.Unexpectedly，Tom is also a conservationist who advocates forbidding shooting④ wild animals.
① 　② 　③ 　 ④_______
vi.冲
vt.射门
vt.拍摄
vt.射杀
3.There stands a tall figure① beside the wall covered with some irregular figures②.I figure③ that though he is as strong as a sportsman in figure④，he is not the figure⑤ that we are looking for.
① 　② 　③ 　④ 　⑤_______
n.人影
n.图形
vt.认为
n.身材
n.人物
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.Every time I asked him for proposals，he would make a response me immediately.
2.Physically active children are more likely (have) a positive attitude towards life.
3.The exchange student volunteered (design) the pattern of the flag for our team.
4.The reporter interviewed some people the scene to know about the whole incident.
to
to have
to design
on
5.My English teacher is viewed one of the most responsible and attractive teachers in our school.
6.There is often a (tense) between the aims of the company and the wishes of the employees.
7.We got the news from the poster that the sports star didn’t take part in the game account of his injured legs.
8.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed
(help) them succeed academically.
as
tension
on
to help
9.The of the device is extremely simple，and even a child can learn it in less than 10 minutes.(operate)
10.After a week of work，all the employees were extremely
and tired.They complained that few could work efficiently under .(stress)
operation
to operate
stressful
stressed
stress
Ⅲ.语法填空　语境串记单元词汇
Heated arguments between teenagers and their parents are common,1. often result in family tensions.I am no exception.I remember when I was a teenager，I was 2. (anxiety) and often argued with my parents.My head teacher,3. important figure in my life，heard about my dilemma and was 4. (determine) to help me out.On the one hand，she knew teenagers were facing great physical and mental stress and that they had a strong desire 5._____________________
(understand).
which
anxious
an
determined
to be understood
She told me that it was normal that I was eager to be independent.On the other hand，she often called my parents，and communicated with them.6. (slow)，my parents realized it was wrong 7. them to design everything for me.They became more caring and patient.What’s more，my teacher gave me much confidence.She made me realize that I was unique and told me that she was proud of my 8. (perform) at school.However，she reminded me to learn to hold my anger.
Slowly
of
performance
With the help of my head teacher，I understood my parents.I began to consider the situation from their point of view.Even 9. I didn’t see eye to eye with them on everything，I would try to keep calm and avoid 10. (quarrel) with them.Sometimes，I would back down.
I even tried to view my parents as my friends.Eventually，everything turned out all right.I must say “Thank you” to my head teacher.
返 回
if/though
quarrelling
提能力　主题写作
Part Three
应用文增分练
青少年生活
(2024·上海)假设你是明启中学的高三学生李明，你们学校英语报开设了一个“排忧解难”专栏，你的校友Lynn发出求助，请根据她的来信写封回信：
I’m a high school student.I want to do some cooking，but my parents don’t allow me to do so.How can I change their mind？
写作要求：1.提出你的建议；2.说明你的理由。
1.听说你在学做饭方面与父母意见不一，我感到非常遗憾。你的父母反对你做饭是很正常的，所以没有必要为此担心。(see eye to eye with sb on sth，normal，there is no point in doing sth)
_____________________________________________________________
2.这里是我的一些建议，关于如何说服你的父母允许你做饭。(疑问词＋to do)
_____________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
3.首先，我的建议是你应该诚恳地和你的父母交换意见，而不是保持沉默。不管你想做饭的原因是什么，一定要让你的父母知道。(that引导表语从句，whatever引导让步状语从句，desire)
_____________________________________________________________
4.与此同时，你可以承诺，你已经足够大了，可以采取一切必要的安全措施，减少他们对你安全的担忧。(同位语从句，现在分词短语作状语，concern)
_____________________________________________________________
5.最后但同样重要的是强调健康的生活方式。为了健康快乐地生活，烹饪是青少年的一项基本技能，因为自制食品比外卖食品更美味、更有营养。(stress，不定式作目的状语，as引导原因状语从句)
_____________________________________________________________
6.只有通过有效的沟通，你才有可能避免与父母争吵，并让他们同意你的想法。我希望我的建议对你有很大的帮助，你很快就会喜欢烹饪了。(only位于句首，likely，argument)
_____________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
Dear Lynn，
I’m extremely sorry to hear that you don’t see eye to eye with your parents on learning to cook.It is normal for your parents to be opposed to your cooking，so there is no point in worrying about it.Here is some of my advice on how to convince your parents to allow you to cook.
应用文增分练
参考范文
First of all，my suggestion is that you (should) exchange ideas with your parents sincerely instead of keeping silent.Whatever your reasons for desiring to cook are，do let your parents know.Meanwhile，you can make a promise that you are old enough to take all necessary safety measures，reducing their concern about your safety.Last but not least，stress should be placed on the healthy lifestyle.To live healthily and happily，cooking is a basic skill for teenagers as homemade food is more delicious and nutritious than takeaway food.
Only by communicating effectively will you be likely to avoid having an argument with your parents and let them approve of your idea.I hope my suggestions are of great help and you will enjoy cooking soon.
Yours，
Li Ming
亮词 [情感描写]　tension n.紧张关系；紧张　anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的
anger n.怒气，怒火　desire n.& vt.渴望，希望　cheer up (使)变得高兴，振奋起来　concern n.担心，忧虑；关心 vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧　eager adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
亮词 [动作描写]　battle vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争　shoot vi.& vt.冲；射击；摄影　struggle vi.奋斗；斗争；搏斗　calm down平静，镇静，安静　gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集　think sth through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透
argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论→argument n.争吵，争论；论点
美句 1.We would watch with anxious interest.(情感描写)
2.Eagerly we gathered around the table.I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. (动作描写)
3.Mama gave him a bright smile and wrote down a number.(动作描写)
4.However，just as a baby kangaroo must learn to protect itself when it leaves its mother’s pocket，I will have to learn to protect myself when I grow up.(主旨升华)
5.I wish they could be more flexible so that I can make my own choices about what to do in my spare time.(主旨升华)
情感细节描写：焦虑与不安
单词 1.worry v.(使)担心，发愁；烦扰 n.担心，发愁；烦心事→worried adj.担心的；焦虑的；发愁的
2.nervous adj.紧张的→nervousness n.紧张
3.uneasy adj.不安的→unease n.不安；忧虑
4.restless adj.不耐烦的；坐立不安的→restlessness n.坐立不安，心神不定
5.tremble v.颤抖；抖动
6.quiver vi.微颤，抖动 n.抖动；强烈感情
7.murmur n.咕哝；低声说话 vt.& vi.小声说 vi.连续发出低沉的声音
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
词块 1.pace up and down走来走去
2.murmur in a trembling voice用颤抖的声音喃喃低语
3.heart beats wildly心疯狂地跳动
4.with one’s heart in one’s mouth提心吊胆地
5.a flood/wave of tension一阵紧张
6.palms get sweaty手心出汗
7.throat tightens喉咙发紧
8.be on pins and needles如坐针毡
9.be consumed/seized with anxiety焦虑不安
词块 10.have/with butterflies in one’s stomach心里发慌
11.be like a cat on hot bricks局促不安，如坐针毡，像热锅上的蚂蚁
12.a surge/wave/flood of anxiety swept over me一阵焦虑席卷了我
句型 1.Jim paced up and down in the room，lost in deep thought.
吉姆在房间里踱来踱去，陷入沉思之中。
2.Standing in front of the line，Emily felt her throat tight and her palms sweating.
站在队伍的前面，艾米莉感到喉咙紧绷，手心出汗。
3.Full of anxiety，I was on pins and needles.我满心焦虑不安，如坐针毡。
4.She couldn’t help but feel a surge of anxiety as she awaited the final decision.
她等待着最后的决定时，忍不住感到一阵焦虑。
句型 5.So anxious did I feel that my heart almost jumped out of my throat.
我太着急了，以至于我的心都快跳出来了。
6.Before the final exam，I always have butterflies in my stomach.期末考试前，我总是紧张不安。
7.My heart began to race and my mind went blank.我开始心跳加速，头脑一片空白。
青少年生活
Standing behind the stage，① .②_________
(形容词短语作状语)，I paced up and down，waiting for my turn.Later，the instant I heard my name called，I ③_____________
(feel＋宾语＋宾补).④___________________
(部分倒装).
站在舞台后面，我如坐针毡。既紧张又不安，我踱来踱去，等着轮到我。后来，一听到我的名字，我就觉得喉咙发紧，手心冒汗。我非常焦虑，以至于我的心都要跳出来了。
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语料运用
I was on pins and needles
Nervous
and uneasy
felt my throat
tight and my palms sweating
So anxious was I that
my heart almost jumped out of my throat
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I was about to run away when my head teacher approached，encouraging me to be confident.Gradually，⑤ (无灵主语).After my presentation，I spotted that all the audience stood up and applauded for me.It dawned on me that ⑥______________________
(there’s no point in doing...) and it is our attitude that matters.
我正要逃跑时，校长走过来，鼓励我要有信心。渐渐地，焦虑消失了。演讲结束后，我发现所有的听众都站起来为我鼓掌。我明白了焦虑不安是毫无意义的，重要的是我们的态度。
the flood of anxiety disappeared
there was no point in
being seized by anxiety

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