资源简介

词汇 含义 延伸拓展
skip vt.不做；跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 skip breakfast不吃早餐 skip out/off溜走；突然离去 skip over略过；遗漏
faint vi.昏厥 adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的 [同]weak，slight
pass out 昏迷，失去知觉
immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就 [同]at once，as soon as，directly，instantly
sex n.性别
extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等) [派]extremely adv.极其；非常 extreme sports极限运动
slim vi.变苗条，减肥 adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的 slim down变苗条，减肥 keep slim保持苗条
per cent n.百分之……
effect n.效果，作用；影响 [派]effective adj.有效的；生效的 side effect副作用 take effect生效；奏效 come/go into effect生效 have an effect/influence/impact on/upon对……有影响 bring/put...into effect实施；使生效
prove linking v．后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实 [派]proof n．证明，证据 prove sth to sb向某人证明某事 It is proved that...据证明……，据证实…… prove (to be)＋n./adj.证明是……
slightly adv.稍微，略微 slight adj.轻微的；略微的
diet n.日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食 keep a balanced diet保持均衡的饮食 be/go on a diet在节食
function vi.起作用，运转 n.作用，功能，职能 [派]functional adj.实用的；起作用的；功能的 function as起……的作用；具有……的功能
take in 摄入，吸收 [同]absorb
energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的 energy n．精力；活力；能量 [派]energetically adv.精力充沛地；积极地
get into shape 强身健体
rather adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说 rather than而不是　or rather更确切地说
aspect n.方面，层面
pressure n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促 press v．压；推；催促
in the short/long term 从短期/长期看
memory n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 [派]memorize vt.记忆，记住 memorable adj.值得纪念的；难忘的 in memory of为纪念
attack n.发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击 under attack受到攻击；遭到抨击 launch/make an attack on/upon向……发动进攻/攻击
plastic adj.可塑的；塑料的 n.塑料 plastic surgery整形手术；整形外科
surgery n.外科手术 [派]surgeon n．外科医生
campus n.(大学、学院的)校园，校区 on campus在校园
guy n.小伙子，家伙
addition n.增加，添加；加法 add vt.增加；添加；加；补充说 [派]additional adj.附加的 additionally adv.此外，而且 in addition此外
hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
male adj.男性的；雄性的 n.男性，雄性 [反]female adj.女性的；雌性的 n.女性，雌性
guard against 防范，防止，提防
beauty n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西 [派]beautiful adj.美丽的 beautify vt.美化；使更美丽 inner/outer beauty内在/外在美
fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗
live up to 达到，符合，不辜负 live up to one’s reputation不负盛名；名副其实 live up to one’s expectation(s) 不辜负某人的期望
fashion n.时尚，时兴；流行款式 [派]fashionable adj.时尚的；流行的 out of fashion过时，不流行 in fashion流行
shadow n.阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处 [派]shadowy adj.阴影中的；朦胧的
series n.(pl.series)一系列，连续 a series of一系列的，一连串的
external adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的 [反]internal adj.里面的；体内的；内部的
talent n.天资，天赋；人才，天才 [派]talented adj.有才能的 have a talent for/be talented in有……天赋
take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲 [同]be proud of
individuality n.个性，个人特征 [同]identity individual adj.单独的；个人的 n．个人 [派]individually adv.分别地；单独地
achievement n.成就，成绩；达到，完成 achieve vt.完成，达到 [派]achievable adj.可完成的；做得成的 a sense of achievement成就感 achieve one’s dream/goal实现梦想/目标
concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 [派]concentration n．集中；专注 concentrated adj.浓缩的；集中的；全力以赴的 concentrate on (doing) sth专心于(做)某事 concentrate one’s mind/attention on集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的，关切的 [同]worried concern vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧 n．担心，忧虑；关心 [派]concerning prep.关于 be concerned about/for 担心 be concerned with与……有关 as far as...be concerned 就……而言；关于
content n.内容；目录 adj.满意的，满足的 vt.使满足，使满意
strength n.优势；力气，力量；实力 strong adj.强壮的 [派]strengthen vt.& vi.巩固，加强 build up one’s strength 增强体质 strengths and weaknesses优缺点
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．前缀con-：常表示“共同”或“一起”，或者用来加强词义、语气等。如：confront vt.面对；confirm vt.确认，证实，批准；conduct v．组织，实施，执行；context n．上下文。
2．后缀-th：有一些动词或形容词变名词常在词尾加此后缀，如：grow→growth；long→length；warm→warmth；wide→width。
(1)Several companies are competing for the contract.合同
(2)He concluded his speech by wishing everyone a safe trip home.结束
(3)Her comment was uncomfortably close to the truth(true)．
(4)The conference stimulated him to study the subject in more depth(deep)．
1．It has been proved that yogurt is not suitable for babies within one year of age.酸奶　在(某段时间)之内
2．Some of the diseases of middle age can be prevented by improving nutrition，so you’d better keep a nutritious diet.营养
3．As we all know，drinking too much wine definitely has a negative effect on one’s health.坏的
4．As the famous saying goes，where there is a will，there is a way.谚语
5．As far as I am concerned，it is not suitable to wear jeans on such a formal occasion.牛仔裤
6．The young guy has been eager for a digital camera as his 18th birthday present.数码的
7．He played a beautiful piece of piano music on the campus talent show，which left a deep impression on us.钢琴
8．Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities.应用程序
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1．frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的(frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓；吓唬 frightening adj.令人恐惧的，可怕的)
be frightened to do sth 不敢做某事；害怕做某事 be frightened of/that...害怕…… frighten sb into/out of doing sth 把某人吓得做/不敢做某事
(1)Because of her last terrible experience，she is frightened to skip(skip) meals to slim down.
(2)听说你害怕在公共场合做演讲，我非常遗憾。(应用文写作之慰问信)
I am terribly sorry to hear that you are frightened of delivering/are frightened to deliver a lecture in public.
(3)当我看到一头可怕的熊张着血盆大口时，我害怕得要死。我吓得站在那里，头发都竖起来了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
When I saw a frightening bear opening its bloody mouth，I was frightened to death.I was frightened into standing there，with my hair standing on end.
2．contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐献，捐赠；增加，添加(contribution n．贡献；捐赠；捐款)
contribute to有助于；促成，造成；是……的原因之一；捐款；投稿 contribute...to...把……贡献给…… make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献；捐款
(1)I make a proposal that each individual should make contributions(contribute) to ocean protection.(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
(2)I am glad to learn that you are scheduled to contribute to your school newspaper on the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.(2024·北京，书面表达)
(3)他的研究不仅提高了数百万人的生活质量，而且为农业的可持续发展做出了贡献。
(2023·全国甲，书面表达)
His research has not only improved the quality of life for millions of people，but also contributed to/made a contribution to the sustainable development of agriculture.
3．amount n．数量 vi.达到，合计
the amount of...……的数量 a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数) 大/少量的 large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数) 大/少量的 amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
(1)Because the system is automated，it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.(2024·新课标Ⅱ)
(2)Large amounts of money are spent(spend) on advertisements every year.
(3)暑假期间我赚的钱总共是300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家庭。
(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300 dollars，which could help support my family.
4．schedule n．日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt.安排，预定
ahead of schedule＝ahead of time提前 on schedule按时；按时间表 behind schedule迟于预定时间 be scheduled for sth安排在……时间；为……而安排 be scheduled to do sth 计划做……；被安排做…… as scheduled按计划
(1)We’d better work extra hours on the project to complete it on schedule or even ahead of schedule.
(2)As scheduled(schedule)，we finished the task within one hour，so we took pride in ourselves.
(3)主题班会定于下周一举行，旨在介绍中华传统文化。
The theme class meeting is scheduled to be held/is scheduled for next Monday，aiming to introduce traditional Chinese culture.
5．treatment n．治疗；处理；对待，待遇(treat vt.对待，看待；治疗；处理；招待 n．乐趣；款待)
under treatment在治疗中 treat...as...把……看作……；把……视为…… treat sb to sth用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人 treat sb with...以……方式对待某人 My treat.我请客。
(1)Farber’s treatments(treat) eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.(2024·新课标Ⅰ)
(2)It was summer，and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before.
(3)Ever since he was diagnosed with the disease，he has been under treatment，but nothing seems to cure him of the rare disease，which puts him deep in despair.
(4)自从两年前我们在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”活动中相识，我就已经把你当作我最好的朋友。(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)
I have treated you as my best friend since we met at China-Ireland Cultural Festival two years ago.
(5)我呼吁所有人以尊重对待残障人士，因为所有人生而平等。(应用文写作之倡议书)
I appeal to all the people to treat the disabled with respect because all people are born equal.
6．end up最终成为，最终处于
end up with...以……结束/告终 end up as...最后成为…… end up in结果是；最终是 end up doing sth最终做了某事 end up＋形容词/介词短语　最终处于……状态
(1)At the dinner table we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.
(2)Anderson was born into a poor family，but ended up as one of the greatest writers of his time.
(3)You’ll end up in failure if you don’t follow my advice.
(4)While studying，concentrate your mind on what is really important，or you will end up remembering(remember) nothing.
7．show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
show...out领……出去 show...in领……进来 show sb around/round领某人参观 show up出席；到场；出现，现身；使显现出 be on show在展出
(1)Mike was trying to show off his talent by giving performances in the pub.
(2)About 200 amazing drawings are on show，ranging from Dunhuang frescoes to Zhang Daqian’s famous paintings.So I highly recommend a visit to the exhibition to you.
(3)For my daughter’s birthday，I showed her guests in and out of the party.As the host，I showed them around/round the newly decorated house，making sure everyone felt welcome.The birthday girl，my daughter finally showed up，and the fun began!
1．Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.(be＋过去分词＋to do...)
珍妮弗被发现有严重的低血糖，立即被治疗了。
2．In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful，teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.(where引导定语从句)
在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。
3．We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips，because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.(动名词短语作主语)
我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵循这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活就是强身健体最安全、最有效的方式。
4．However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly...(It＋be＋adj.＋that...)
然而，对于那些超重达到危险程度的人来说，努力以适当方式减肥是很重要的……
本句中it作形式主语，其常用结构有： It＋be＋形容词(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that从句 It＋be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no wonder...)＋that从句 It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋that从句
(1)他已经花了大量的时间复习，所以他肯定会考得很好。
He has spent a large amount of time reviewing，so it is certain that he will do well in his exam.
(2)遗憾的是他失败了，辜负了父母的期望。
It is/was a pity that he failed and didn’t live up to his parents’ expectations.
(3)人们建议我们不能只关注外在美，相反地，我们要努力提高我们的内在美。
It is suggested that we shouldn’t only care about external beauty；instead，we should try to improve our inner beauty.
(4)很明显，我们应该花一些时间来简要地回顾一下唐朝的历史。(话题写作之传统文化)
It is apparent/obvious that we should spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty.
5．Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance.(the way作先行词的定语从句)
你的朋友也影响你看待自己外表的方式。
way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。 way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that或which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略。 way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth 形式。
(1)Shops are not charities—they price goods in the way that/which will make them the most money.(2024·浙江1月)
(2)你应该记住，经常与同班同学交流观点是提高学习的有效方法。(话题写作之学校生活)
You should keep in mind that exchanging ideas with your classmates frequently is an effective way to improve/of improving your study.
(3)她低下头，为自己在聚会上的表现羞愧不已。(读后续写之情感描写)
She lowered her head，feeling ashamed of the way (that/in which) she behaved at the party.
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每空1分，共8分)
1．yogurt n．酸奶
2．faint vi.昏厥 adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的
3．per cent n．百分之……
4．nutrition n．营养
5．plastic adj.可塑的；塑料的 n．塑料
6．surgery n．外科手术
7．external adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
8．individuality n．个性，个人特征
Ⅱ.重点单词(每空1分，共12分)
1．skip vt.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
2．immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
3．prove linking v．后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实
4．diet n．日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食
5．slightly adv.稍微，略微
6．function vi.起作用，运转 n．作用，功能，职能
7．attack n．发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
8．amount n．数量 vi.达到，合计
9．schedule n．日程安排，工作计划；时间表
10．negative adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
11．campus n．(大学、学院的)校园，校区
12．content n．内容；目录 adj.满意的，满足的 vt.使满足，使满意
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每空1分，共19分)
1．concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n．集中；专注
2．extreme adj.极端的；严重的→extremely adv.极其；非常
3．memory n．记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→memorize vt.记忆，记住
4．fashion n．时尚，时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj.时尚的；流行的
5．achievement n．成就，成绩；达到，完成→achieve vt.完成，达到
6．addition n．增加，添加；加法→add vt.增加；添加；补充说→additional adj.附加的，外加的→additionally adv.此外，而且
7．beauty n．美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→beautiful adj.美丽的→beautify vt.美化
8．treatment n．治疗；处理；对待→treat vt.对待；看待；治疗；处理 n．乐事；乐趣；款待
Ⅳ.核心短语(每空1分，共6分)
1．take in摄入，吸收
2．in the short term从短期看
3．in addition此外
4．hang over使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
5．live up to达到，符合，不辜负
6．end up最终成为，最终处于
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共19分)
1．For those who want to get into shape，rock climbing is a fun and effective way.
2．Thirsty and hungry，the poor guy passed out in the street.(读后续写之状态＋动作描写)
3．If we strengthen our physical exercise，we will get stronger and be full of strength all day long.(strong)
4．Mary was too frightened to tell her family the frightening scene because it frightened her to death.(frighten)
5．The businessman never showed off his richness during conversations with others，which earned him respect.
6．Although my grandpa is over seventy years old，he is energetic.Whenever I see him，he is full of energy.(energy)
7．Everyone said John was a talented boy because he did well in all his subjects and had a talent for singing and dancing.(talent)
8．Our learning methods have an effect on our learning，and keeping a diary in English is one of the most effective ways to improve our English.(effect)
9．Concerning the toll-free policy on the expressway，what concerns me most is the traffic jams while my parents are concerned about the safety.(concern)
10．More and more teenagers are reported to turn(turn) to online learning，which can save time as well as enable them to be exposed to the latest knowledge.(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共16分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.能够发表题为“做明智的在线学习者”的演讲，我感到非常荣幸。(过去分词短语作后置定语) 2.然而，你是否会成为一个明智的在线学习者取决于你使用互联网的方式。(the way作先行词的定语从句) 3.上网可能会对那些缺乏自律的人产生负面影响。(动名词短语作主语，negative，effect) 4.合理地安排你的在线学习时间是很重要的，因为良好的时间管理将有助于提高你的学习效率。(It＋be＋adj.＋that...) Good morning，everyone.It is a great honor 1.to deliver a speech titled “Be smart online learners”． Nowadays，with the rapid development of the Internet，online learning brings us significant advantages in furthering our study.However，whether you will be a smart online learner depends on 2.the way (that/in which) you use the Internet.3.Being online may have a negative effect on those who lack self-discipline.Therefore，as far as I’m concerned，you should take advantage of online programs to promote your study.4.It’s important that you should arrange your online study time reasonably because good time management will contribute to improving your learning efficiency. At last，hope all of you can be smart online learners.Thank you for listening！
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．The weary customer found comfort in the store’s attentive service，feeling content①.Exploring their website，he was satisfied with the diverse contents②.The website captivated him，further contenting③ his curiosity about their offerings.
①adj.满意的　②n.内容　③vt.使满足
2．Today，I decided not to skip① breakfast.After breakfast，I headed straight to the park.Skipping② the usual routine，I felt energetic as I skipped③ along the path，enjoying the freshness of the morning air.It was a delightful change from my usual day.
①vt.不做　②vt.跳过　③vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走
3．A hiker was exploring the forest when a bear charged at him to attack①.Its sudden attack② made him frightened.Fearing a heart attack③ from panic，the hiker fled as quickly as possible.
①vi.攻击　②n.攻击　③n.发作
4．He contributed① an article to the magazine and his article concentrated on those who contributed② to the development of society.In the article，he said what the great people did contributed③ to people’s wonderful life in modern times.
①v.投稿　②v.贡献　③v.促成，造成
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．What’s fantastic about history is the way that it broadens our horizons.
2．It is important that people，especially teenagers，should take in enough nutrition，from which they can benefit a lot.
3．In my opinion，young people are indeed concerned about fashion，and tend to wear fashionable clothes.(fashion)
4．However，we did not mark the route so we suffered a lot and ended up almost missing the sunset entirely.
5．To be frank，there is no specific treatment for illness caused by the virus，but many of the symptoms can be treated.(treat)
6．Concentrating(concentrate) your attention on English will enable you to master the language in full measure.
7．Since he didn’t know his town’s name，finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be(be) impossible at that moment.
8．The volunteers contributed much time to the project.Dr Win，a major contributor，was generous and he made a great contribution.(contribute)
9．I really want to obtain this precious opportunity to work for your company and I am sure that I can live up to your expectations.(应用文写作之申请信)
10．The school’s 50th anniversary celebration，scheduled to be held(hold) on Monday，will be postponed till Friday for unknown reasons.
Ⅲ.语法填空　语境串记单元词汇
Nowadays，being thin 1.is seen(see) as being beautiful，so lots of teenagers use some extreme methods to slim down.Some skip meals to lose weight，2.which has a negative effect on their health.For example，when they are in class，they often find 3.it hard to concentrate on their lessons.Some even faint/pass out in class.Others take pills to lose weight.These pills prove 4.to be(be) harmful to lungs，liver，stomach and so on.
Health experts are 5.concerned(concern) about that and they are making efforts to teach the teenagers 6.how to be healthy.Firstly，do not follow popular beauty standards 7.blindly(blind)．As for physical health，teenagers should take 8.in enough food and nutrition to make their bodies function well.Besides，have a balanced diet and do some exercise to reduce pressure and keep 9.energetic(energy)，which will contribute to their health in the long term.Do concentrate on the things they are good at and show their talents.In a word，like a book，the 10.contents(content) are much more important than the cover.So “don’t judge a book by its cover”.
为了使学生增强健康意识，拥有健康积极的校园生活，你校英文报现以此为主题举行征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.介绍增强健康意识的必要性； 2.提出相关建议。
完成句子
1．在科技以惊人速度发展的现代社会中，人们的健康意识增强了。(strengthen，where引导定语从句)
2．学生的身体健康普遍被认为和学业表现一样重要。(be＋过去分词＋to do)
3．面对大量的学习压力，学生们应该改变他们对待生活的方式，抽出一些时间来锻炼身体。(amount，get into shape，the way＋定语从句)
4．我认为，至关重要的是为了学生们的身心健康，学校应举办各种课外活动。(concerned，it＋be＋adj.＋that...)
5．此外，从长期看，拥有均衡的饮食将有助于学生的健康。(addition，balance，contribute，动名词短语作主语)
6．正如一句名言所说：“有志者，事竟成。” 通过共同努力，学生们最终将身心健康。(end up)
组句成篇　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
In the modern society where technology is advancing at an alarming rate，people’s awareness of health has been strengthened.Students’ physical health is widely acknowledged to be as important as their academic performance.
Faced with a large amount of academic stress，the students are supposed to change the way that/in which they approach life and spare some time to do exercise to get into shape.As far as I’m concerned，it is vital that schools should hold varieties of out-of-class activities for the benefit of students’ physical and mental health.In addition，having a balanced diet will contribute to students’ health in the long term.
Just as a famous saying goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” With joint efforts，students will end up physically and mentally healthy.
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的　frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的　hang over使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生　negative adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
[动作描写]　concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注　contribute to促成，造成 attack vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击　show off显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
美句 1.Jennifer Jones,15，told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell.She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital.(背景＋动作描写) 2.Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before.(动作＋情感描写) 3.Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can hang over you all the time like a rain cloud.(比喻) 4.If you can learn to see the good things about yourself—your individuality，your value to others，your achievements—you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are.(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：难过与沮丧
单词 1.helpless adj.无助的 2.hopeless adj.不抱希望的 3.frustrated adj.懊丧的，失意的 4.disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 5.depress v．使抑郁；使失去信心→depressed adj.抑郁的；意志消沉的→depression n．消沉；抑郁(症) 6.sink v．使受挫 7.sorrow n．悲伤 v．感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的 8.upset adj.难过的；失望的；沮丧的 9.gloomy adj.沮丧的；悲观的 10.grief n．悲伤；悲痛→grieve v．(使)伤心；(使)悲伤 11.heartbroken adj.心碎的；极为悲伤的 12.weep v．哭泣，流泪 n．哭泣；落泪 13.sob v．啜泣；哭诉 n．呜咽(声)
词块 1.sob/weep with one’s face hidden in one’s hands掩面啜泣/哭泣 2.sadness clouds one’s face一脸悲伤 3.a lump in one’s throat如鲠在喉 4.with tears in one’s eyes眼含泪水 5.tears well up in one’s eyes泪水涌上眼眶 6.hold/fight back tears抑制住泪水 7.in a sorrowful tone/voice伤心地说 8.be overcome with/seized by sorrow悲伤不已 9.be down/low in spirits情绪低落 10.be beside oneself with grief悲痛欲绝 11.with a heavy/sinking/sorrowful/broken heart怀着沉重/沮丧/难过的心情 12.tears stream down one’s face泪流满面
句型 1.He paused，and covered his face with his hands/buried/hid his face in his hands，too upset to speak. 他停下来，双手掩面，难过得说不下去了。 2.An air of sorrow and depression settled over the crowd.人群中弥漫着悲伤和沮丧的气氛。 3.I felt so sad that I found myself crying unconsciously，unable to hold back my tears. 我难过得无意识地哭了，无法抑制我的眼泪。 4.He shook his head miserably/sadly，tears pouring/flowing/running/streaming/rolling down his cheeks/face.他难过地摇摇头，潸然泪下。 5.She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help weeping/sobbing bitterly. 她悲伤不已，忍不住痛哭起来。 6.With a saddened heart，he went there and came back with his eyes red from crying. 他怀着悲伤的心情去了那里，回来时两眼哭得通红。 7.Tears welled up in her eyes，and her heart seemed to be torn.她泪如泉涌，心都要碎了。
语料运用　健康的生活方式
When I was a kid about twelve years old，I had a lot of acne on my face.Every time I looked at myself in the mirror，I ①was seized by/was overcome with a burst of sadness/sorrow.One day，on my way home，I heard two boys behind me talking about my face.②A lump in my throat(独立主格结构)，I dashed home ③with tears in my eyes(with复合结构)．On arriving home，I stormed into my room and slammed the door，④tears pouring/flowing/running/streaming/rolling down my cheeks(独立主格结构)．After what seemed a century，I heard a gentle knock on the door of my bedroom.Hesitating for a moment，with swollen eyes and still wet cheeks，I ⑤dragged my feet to open the door.At the door stood my mother，holding a big bunch of tiger lilies ⑥that/which were covered with black spots(定语从句) but amazingly beautiful.I ⑦stared at them in amazement/wonder/surprise，not knowing what to say.My mother ⑧gathered me in her warm arms，whispering，“There are all kinds of flowers in the world，and they are all beautiful and sweet.”
当我还是个大约12岁的孩子的时候，我脸上长了很多痘痘。每当我看着镜子里的自己，我就被一阵悲伤所笼罩。一天，在回家的路上，我听到后面的两个男孩在谈论我的脸。如鲠在喉，我眼里含着泪水冲回家。一到家，我就冲进房间，砰地关上门，潸然泪下。好像过了一个世纪，我听到有人轻轻地敲我卧室的门。我犹豫了一会儿，眼睛肿着，脸颊还湿着，拖着脚去开门。妈妈站在门口，手里拿着一大束虎皮百合，上面布满了黑点，但是美得出奇。我惊愕地盯着它们，不知道说什么好。妈妈把我揽在她温暖的怀里，低声说：“世界上有各种各样的花，它们都是美丽而芬芳的。”
单元主题组合练(1)
(分值：62.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·安徽淮北一模)
As I write this，a Bob Seger song is stuck in my head.It’s been playing on repeat ever since I heard it in a movie.I hated it a lot when it first came out years ago，and I still really hate it now.Why，oh why，does an earworm happen This phenomenon，known as an earworm，is both fascinating and annoying.Earworms are a type of auditory imagery，where we perceive a tone without actually hearing it.When a familiar song is heard and suddenly stopped，some areas of the brain become overly activated in ①expectation of hearing the rest of the song，and then it fills in the missing pieces.
Anyone can experience earworms，but certain personality characteristics，like openness to experience，may increase their ②frequency.You may have seen a popular video recently of a guy saying earworms aren’t normal but are instead symptoms of ADHD(多动症) or OCD(强迫症)．That’s generally not the case.“It is entirely normal to experience earworms：Over 90% of participants in ③large-scale surveys report having had earworms at least once a week，and they are not a symptom of any other underlying mental condition，” says Jakubowski.Interestingly，earworms aren’t all bad.Research indicates that they can enhance our ability to recall past events，as the repetitive nature of the song strengthens our memory.
There are several strategies to get rid of earworms.Listening to the entire song can help resolve the unfinished loop.Alternatively，distracting yourself with another melody or engaging in activities that require focus can also be effective.Chewing gum or eating something crunchy may interrupt the song playing in your head.Despite these strategies，sometimes the best approach is to simply accept the presence of the earworm and let it fade away naturally.In my case，trying to actively rid myself of the song only made it more persistent.It seems patience is key when we’re dealing with these stubborn musical guests in our minds.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了耳虫效应时有发生，一项研究表明，90%的人都有过这种经历。文章解释了发生这种情况的原因以及对付该情况的一些方法。
1．What is an earworm
A．A type of insect that affects hearing.
B．A song that gets stuck in your head.
C．A medical condition related to the ears.
D．An element missing in a song.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This phenomenon，known as an earworm，is both fascinating and annoying.Earworms are a type of auditory imagery，where we perceive a tone without actually hearing it.”可知，耳虫效应是一种与耳朵有关的疾病。故选C。
2．What can we learn about earworms
A．They cannot be controlled or stopped.
B．They indicate underlying illness.
C．They only occur in certain individuals.
D．They are normal phenomena.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is entirely normal to experience earworms：Over 90% of participants in large-scale surveys report having had earworms at least once a week，and they are not a symptom of any other underlying mental condition”可知，耳虫效应是正常现象。故选D。
3．What benefit can be expected of earworms
A．To enhance memory recall of earlier incidents.
B．To increase musical creativity and imagination.
C．To expand openness to new experiences.
D．To improve focus and concentration.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Interestingly，earworms aren’t all bad.Research indicates that they can enhance our ability to recall past events，as the repetitive nature of the song strengthens our memory.”可知，耳虫效应能增强对先前事件的记忆。故选A。
4．How does the author feel about earworms
A．Concerned and worried.
B．Scientific but negative.
C．Annoyed but accepting.
D．Excited and fascinated.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I hated it a lot when it first came out years ago，and I still really hate it now.Why，oh why，does an earworm happen？This phenomenon，known as an earworm，is both fascinating and annoying.”以及第三段中“Despite these strategies，sometimes the best approach is to simply accept the presence of the earworm and let it fade away naturally.”可知，作者对耳虫效应感到厌烦，但也能接受。故选C。
语境猜词 ①expectation(派)＝expect＋ation n．期待，预期 ②frequency(派)＝frequen(t)＋cy n．频繁 ③large-scale(合)＝large＋scale adj.大规模的，大范围的
B
(2025·河北模拟预测)
Myopia，also known as nearsightedness，has become a lot more common in recent decades.Some even consider myopia an epidemic(流行病)．But what causes myopia and what reduces it
While having two myopic parents does mean you’re more likely to be nearsighted，there’s no single myopia gene.That means the causes of myopia are more behavioral than genetic.
Scientists have learned a great deal about the ①progression of myopia by studying visual development in baby chickens.They do so by putting little hats on baby chickens.Lenses(镜片) on the face of the hats cover the chicks’ eyes and are adjusted to affect how much they see.
Just like in humans，if visual ②input is wrong，a chick’s eyes grow too large，resulting in myopia.And it’s progressive.Blur(模糊) leads to eye growth，which causes more blur，which makes the eye grow even larger，and so on.
Two recent studies featuring ③extensive surveys of children and their parents provide strong support for the idea that an important driver of the increase in myopia is that people are spending more time focusing on objects immediately in front of our eyes，whether a screen，a book or a drawing pad.
Other research has shown that this unnatural eye growth can be interrupted by sunlight.A 2022 study，for example，found that myopia rates were more than four times greater for children who didn’t spend much time outdoors—say，once or twice a week—compared with those who were outside daily.At the same time，kids who spent more than three hours a day while not at school reading or looking at a screen close-up were four times more likely to have myopia than those who spent an hour or less doing so.
Fortunately，just a few minutes a day with glasses that correct blur stops the progression of myopia，which is why early vision testing and vision correction are important to limit the development of myopia.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了近几十年来近视变得越来越普遍，解释了导致近视的原因和有关研究。
5．What can we learn from the study on baby chickens
A．Myopia in chicks is not progressive.
B．Myopia is mainly caused by genetic factors.
C．Visual input affects the growth of a chick’s eyes.
D．Lenses can prevent chicks from developing myopia.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段“Just like in humans，if visual input is wrong，a chick’s eyes grow too large，resulting in myopia.And it’s progressive.Blur(模糊) leads to eye growth，which causes more blur，which makes the eye grow even larger，and so on.”可知，视觉输入影响小鸡眼睛的发育。故选C。
6．What might be the main cause of myopia according to the text
A．Absence of enough sleeping hours.
B．Too much screen time.
C．Poor and unbalanced diet.
D．Lack of high-intense activities.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段“Two recent studies...an important driver of the increase in myopia is that people are spending more time focusing on objects immediately in front of our eyes，whether a screen，a book or a drawing pad.”可知，看屏幕时间太长可能是近视的主要原因。故选B。
7．What’s the main idea of paragraph 6
A．Outdoor light helps prevent myopia.
B．Reading is the direct cause of myopia.
C．Researchers have found a cure for myopia.
D．Children should play outdoors twice a week at least.
答案　A
解析　段落大意题。根据第六段“Other research has shown that this unnatural eye growth can be interrupted by sunlight...”可知，第六段讲的是户外光线有助于预防近视。故选A。
8．What is the author’s attitude towards early vision testing
A．Unclear. B．Approving.
C．Doubtful. D．Dismissive.
答案　B
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段“Fortunately，just a few minutes a day with glasses that correct blur stops the progression of myopia，which is why early vision testing and vision correction are important to limit the development of myopia.”可推知，作者对早期视力测试的态度是支持的。故选B。
语境猜词 ①progression(派)＝progress＋ion n．发展，前进 ②input(合)＝in＋put n．输入，投入 ③extensive(派)＝exten(d)＋sive adj.广阔的；广泛的
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·河南新乡二模)
We watch our salt and fat ①intake to protect our hearts.We exercise and take calcium to protect our bones.We use ②sunscreen to protect our skin. 1 A lot.We asked experts what lifestyle steps people should be taking to protect their vision and eye health.
Invest in quality sunglasses.Protecting the eyes from ultraviolet rays(紫外线) is very important. 2 To shield your eyes，wear sunglasses certified to block out 99 to 100 per cent of UVA and UVB rays.
3 You don’t have to be doing construction work or factory work to need protective ③eyewear.Gardening，yardwork，home repairs and sports all pose the risk of trauma(损伤) to the eyes.It’s estimated that up to 90 per cent of sports-related eye injuries are actually preventable with proper eye protection.Experts recommend wearing sports or safety glasses with poly-carbonate lenses，which are a type of plastic that will not easily shatter or break.
Take a break from screens. 4 But staring at a screen can leave eyes fatigued(疲惫的) and may blur vision.Experts suggest following the 20-20-20 rule：Every 20 minutes，take a break and look at something about 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
Get your eyes checked regularly.That means having your eyes tested by an optometrist or health care provider every one to two years.Don’t forget to see an eye specialist for a ④checkup regularly，if possible. 5
A．Stay away from dangerous work.
B．Wear safety glasses when needed.
C．But how can we protect our eyes from screen
D．But what can we do to protect our eyes all year round
E．Not all eye problems are noticeable，and all are best treated when found early.
F．It’s one of the biggest things in our environment to have an impact on the eyes.
G．There’s no scientific evidence that the light from electronic screens damages eyes.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章给出了保护眼睛和视力的建议。
1．答案　D
解析　上文是关于如何保护我们的心脏、骨骼和皮肤的，而下文是关于如何保护眼睛的，由此可知空处应该询问保护眼睛的方法。D项“But what can we do to protect our eyes all year round？(但是我们能做些什么来全年保护我们的眼睛呢？)”符合语境，且与空后的答语“A lot.”呼应。故选D。
2．答案　F
解析　本段提出的建议是戴上太阳镜来保护眼睛免受紫外线照射，F项“It’s one of the biggest things in our environment to have an impact on the eyes.(这是我们生活环境中对眼睛影响最大的因素之一)”中的“It”指代上文中的“ultraviolet rays”，符合语境。故选F。
3．答案　B
解析　空处为段落主旨句。根据下文中“It’s estimated that...shatter or break.(据估计，高达90%的与运动有关的眼部伤害实际上是可以通过适当的眼睛保护来预防的。专家建议戴有聚碳酸酯镜片的运动眼镜或安全眼镜，聚碳酸酯镜片是一种不易破碎的塑料)”可推知，本段建议在必要的时候戴上安全眼镜。故选B。
4．答案　G
解析　根据下文“But staring at a screen can...blur vision.(但是盯着屏幕会让眼睛疲劳，可能会使视力模糊)”可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，说明电子屏幕发出的光不一定会损害眼睛。G项“There’s no scientific evidence that the light from electronic screens damages eyes.(没有科学证据表明电子屏幕发出的光会损害眼睛)”符合语境。故选G。
5．答案　E
解析　本段主要建议定期检查眼睛，空处承接上文，说明定期检查眼睛的好处就是及早发现问题并进行治疗。E项“Not all eye problems are noticeable，and all are best treated when found early.(并非所有的眼部问题都是显而易见的，而且及早发现最好治疗)”符合语境。故选E。
语境猜词 ①intake(合)＝in＋take n．摄入量，吸入量 ②sunscreen(合)＝sun＋screen n．防晒油；防晒霜 ③eyewear(合)＝eye＋wear n．眼镜防护；护目镜 ④checkup(合)＝check＋up n．审查，检查；健康检查
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·江苏南通模拟预测)
I recently retired from twenty-three ①fulfilling years as a classroom teacher.I always 1 my success in hugs and smiles from my students，not by data and test scores.I always 2 that I would have a positive influence on each of the young lives.
One day，I was standing in the checkout line of a local grocery store when I heard a 3 voice behind me，“Excuse me，miss，but I think you were my seventh grade teacher.” I turned and had to 4 the speaker，a young man well over six feet tall.
He told me his name，and I 5 remembered which class he had been in，and even how he had 6 reading.We 7 briefly，and I asked what he was doing these days.“I am going to college，” he answered.“I want to be a 8 teacher.” “Wait a minute，” I said.“The Eddie I remember 9 to read.”
“Yes，ma’am.That was me.Because of how you never gave up on me，I now 10 I can make a difference，” he continued.“If you had not made me realize I had some 11 ，if you had not believed in me and if you had not 12 me，I would never have gone to college.”
I know how 13 one teacher can impact the life of a person who does not believe in himself.We may never know how much influence we have had on them，but when a 14 student reaches out and says，“Thank you，” I feel a sense of 15 that will ②accompany me for the rest of my life.
语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文叙述了作者最近从23年充实的教师生涯退休了，一天一个以前教过的学生向作者表达了感激，作者感到一种温暖，这种温暖将伴随作者的余生。
1．A.celebrated B．shared
C．measured D．achieved
答案　C
解析　celebrate庆祝；share分享；measure测量，衡量；achieve完成。根据下文“my success in hugs and smiles from my students，not by data and test scores”可知，作者用学生的拥抱和微笑而非数据和成绩来衡量自己的成功。故选C。
2．A.predicted B．explained
C．confirmed D．prayed
答案　D
解析　predict预测；explain解释；confirm确认；pray祈祷。根据下文“I would have a positive influence on each of the young lives”可知，这是作者祈祷的内容。故选D。
3．A.curious B．hesitant
C．plain D．sweet
答案　B
解析　curious好奇的；hesitant犹豫的；plain简单的，朴素的；sweet甜蜜的。根据下文“Excuse me，miss，but I think you were my seventh grade teacher.”可知，多年不见老师，年轻人也不确定，所以是犹豫的。故选B。
4．A.look up at B．hold on to
C．catch up with D．get away from
答案　A
解析　look up at向上看；hold on to抓紧；catch up with赶上；get away from逃离。根据下文“a young man well over six feet tall”可知，年轻人较高，所以作者要抬头看他。故选A。
5．A.instantly B．temporarily
C．secretly D．doubtfully
答案　A
解析　instantly立即；temporarily暂时地；secretly秘密地；doubtfully怀疑地。根据上文“He told me his name”和下文“and even”可知，作者的记忆力很好，他一说名字，作者立刻记起了他。故选A。
6．A.anticipated B．fancied
C．practised D．hated
答案　D
解析　anticipate期望；fancy想要，认为；practise实践；hate讨厌。根据下文“The Eddie I remember to read.”和“Because of how you never gave up on me”可知，这个学生原本讨厌阅读，但作者一直没有放弃他。故选D。
7．A.looked B．joked
C．chatted D．debated
答案　C
解析　look看；joke开玩笑；chat聊天；debate辩论。根据下文“I asked what he was doing these days”可知，他们聊了一会儿。故选C。
8．A.music B．reading
C．business D．sports
答案　B
解析　music音乐；reading阅读；business商业；sports运动。根据下文“Wait a minute”和“The Eddie I remember to read.”可知，他原本讨厌阅读，现在却想成为一名阅读老师，这让作者震惊。故选B。
9．A.refused B．intended
C．preferred D．promised
答案　A
解析　refuse拒绝；intend打算；prefer更喜欢；promise承诺。根据上文“even how he had __________ reading”可知，艾迪拒绝阅读。故选A。
10．A.deny B．believe
C．complain D．declare
答案　B
解析　deny否认；believe相信；complain抱怨；declare宣称。根据上文“Because of how you never gave up on me”可知，老师没有放弃他，所以他相信自己可以有所作为。故选B。
11．A.privilege B．weaknesses
C．potential D．questions
答案　C
解析　privilege特权；weakness弱点；potential 潜力；question问题。根据下文“if you had not believed in me”可知，作者一直相信他，这使他意识到自己有潜力。故选C。
12．A.entertained B．stopped
C．attracted D．encouraged
答案　D
解析　entertain娱乐；stop阻止；attract吸引；encourage鼓励。根据上文“believed in”可知，此处指鼓励。故选D。
13．A.precisely B．powerfully
C．thoroughly D．fearfully
答案　B
解析　precisely精确地；powerfully强有力地；thoroughly全面地；fearfully吓人地。根据上文“If you had not made me realize I had some ，if you had not believed in me and if you had not me，I would never have gone to college.”可知，老师对学生的影响力是巨大的。故选B。
14．A.former B．courageous
C．naughty D．troublesome
答案　A
解析　former以前的；courageous有勇气的；naughty淘气的；troublesome讨厌的。根据上文“Excuse me，miss，but I think you were my seventh grade teacher.”可知，此处指以前的学生。故选A。
15．A.growth B．desire
C．warmth D．signal
答案　C
解析　growth生长；desire愿望；warmth 温暖；signal信号。根据上文“Thank you”可知，作者收到学生的感谢时应是感到温暖。故选C。
语境猜词 ①fulfilling(派)＝fulfill＋ing adj.使人满足的，令人愉快的 ②accompany(派)＝ac＋company v．陪同；伴随
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The core value of Chinese traditional culture is the concept of harmony.Harmony is，in fact，a complete cultural system that consists of not only 1.__________ (value) but also a philosophy with its own world ①outlook.Harmony means “proper and balanced cooperation between things”．
2．________ harmony at the heart，traditional Chinese principles suggest that there is a built-in dynamic in the universe that turns ②imbalance into balance.This concept，deeply 3._________(mix) into the history of Chinese society，advocates for a balanced and 4.____________(peace) ③coexistence within the individual，between people，and between humanity and nature.
At the centre of Chinese cultural harmony is the belief in the interconnectedness of all things.It 5.____________(reflect) in various aspects of Chinese life，from the emphasis on family unity 6.____________ social bond to the practice of traditional arts and the governance of the state.
The significance of harmony in Chinese culture cannot be ④overstated.It has shaped China’s approach to international relations,7.____________(highlight) harmonious coexistence and shared benefit.In taking care of the environment,8.____________ inspires efforts to live according to natural cycles and to respect all forms of life.Moreover，the concept of harmony,9.____________ has enabled China to maintain social stability and cultural consistency despite the challenges of history，offers a model for settling conflicts and promoting a sense of community and belonging.As the world becomes 10.____________(steady) interconnected，the principles of Chinese cultural harmony offer valuable insights for creating a more balanced and sustainable global society.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了中国传统文化中“和谐”这一核心特征。
1．答案　values
解析　考查名词复数。value在此是可数名词，表“价值观”，空前无不定冠词，因此空格处用复数，故填values。
2．答案　With
解析　考查介词。根据语境可知，句子表示“以和谐为核心，中国传统的原则认为，宇宙中有一种内在的动力，可以把不平衡变成平衡”，空格处意为“有”，用介词with，位于句首，首字母大写，故填With。
3．答案　mixed
解析　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是advocates，空格处用非谓语动词，concept和mix之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填mixed。
4．答案　peaceful
解析　考查形容词。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词coexistence，表示“平和的”，故填peaceful。
5．答案　is reflected
解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。It和reflect之间是逻辑动宾关系，句子用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语It是单数，be动词用is。故填is reflected。
6．答案　and
解析　考查连词。分析句意可知，family unity和social bond并列作on的宾语，因此空格处用并列连词and，故填and。
7．答案　highlighting
解析　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是has shaped，空格处用非谓语动词，It和highlight之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填highlighting。
8．答案　it
解析　考查代词。根据语境可知，句子表示“在保护环境方面，和谐激励人们努力按照自然周期生活，尊重所有形式的生命”，空格处指代上文的harmony，用it，故填it。
9．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the concept of harmony是物，因此用关系代词which，故填which。
10．答案　steadily
解析　考查副词。空格处用副词作状语修饰形容词interconnected，表示“牢固地”，故填steadily。
语境猜词 ①outlook(合)＝out＋look n．观点，见解 ②imbalance(派)＝im＋balance n．不平衡；失调 ③coexistence(派)＝co＋existence n．共处；共存 ④overstate(派)＝over＋state v．夸大
单元主题组合练(2)
(分值：62.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
In an increasingly fast-paced world that rewards immediacy，urgency culture makes it hard to tell what is truly important and what is not.At work，this could involve handling frequent last-minute requests，unrealistic deadlines，and the expectation to be ①reachable even after hours.In personal life，behaviour patterns of urgency culture include overextending in relationships，frequently checking social media ②updates out of fear of missing out，and responding immediately to calls and texts，even when it’s ③inconvenient.
The constant rush to be “always on” professionally and personally can create stress.Being part of the “always on” culture often involves multitasking.However，research shows every time we multitask，it actually slows the brain down and may reduce productivity by up to 40 percent.Meanwhile，constant overstimulation—a significant contributor to urgency culture—will debilitate your dopamine(多巴胺) system.In short，the more overstimulated you are，the less joy you can feel.Over time，urgency culture can also be harmful to physical health.A false sense of urgency tricks the body into reacting as if it’s in a threatening situation，activating the “fight-or-flight” response.Your breathing becomes faster，your blood pressure and heart rate go up，and you lose the ability to regulate emotions，and an overactive fight-or-flight response contributes to high blood pressure，poor quality of sleep and eating disorders.
To avoid the urgency trap，experts recommend pausing for a few moments before leaping into action every time something comes up.It allows you to step back and assess whether this demand for your attention is in line with your priorities.Setting clear expectations in personal and professional relationships can also help plan，④prioritize and problem-solve without causing false urgency.The best thing you can do to deal with urgency culture is to regularly engage in activities that remind you there is no rush.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了紧迫感文化，分析了它对身心的伤害，并就如何避免紧迫感陷阱提出了建议。
1．Which of the following can be described as “urgency culture” according to paragraph 1
A．Focusing on important matters.
B．Finishing work before deadline.
C．Giving everything high priority.
D．Maintaining useful relationships.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In an increasingly fast-paced world that rewards immediacy，urgency culture makes it hard to tell what is truly important and what is not.”可知，紧迫感文化让人很难分辨什么是真正重要的，什么不是，因此，“把每件事都放在首位”属于紧迫感文化。故选C。
2．How does multitasking influence people according to the author
A．It contributes to their work efficiency.
B．They may feel under constant pressure.
C．It helps to slow down their working pace.
D．Their sense of achievement will decrease.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However，research shows every time we multitask...and you lose the ability to regulate emotions，and an overactive fight-or-flight response contributes to high blood pressure，poor quality of sleep and eating disorders.”可知，多任务处理可能会让人们感到持续的压力。故选B。
3．What does the underlined word “debilitate” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Weaken. B．Balance.
C．Activate. D．Divide.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“In short，the more overstimulated you are，the less joy you can feel.”可推知，持续的过度刺激会削弱你的多巴胺系统，画线单词“debilitate”意为“削弱”。故选A。
4．Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A．The Power of Rush：the Secret to Modern Success
B．Stay Well-connected：the New Path to Personal Productivity
C．No Pressure，No Growth：Boosting Yourself in Urgency Culture
D．More Haste，Less Speed：Breaking Free from the “Always-on” Trap
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“In an increasingly fast-paced world that rewards immediacy，urgency culture makes it hard to tell what is truly important and what is not.”，第二段中的“The constant rush to be ‘always on’ professionally and personally can create stress.”以及最后一段中的“To avoid the urgency trap，experts recommend pausing for a few moments before leaping into action every time something comes up.”可知，本文主要介绍了快节奏社会里出现的紧迫感文化，分析了它对身心的伤害，并在最后一段就如何避免紧迫感陷阱提出了建议。D项最能概括本文主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
语境猜词 ①reachable(派)＝reach＋able adj.可获得的；可达成的 ②update(熟义：v.更新) 生义(文义)：n.最新报道，最新消息 ③inconvenient(派)＝in＋convenient adj.不方便的 ④prioritize(派)＝prior＋itize v．优先考虑
B
(2024·山东菏泽一模)
Childhood can bring much awe—the emotion caused by mysterious experiences of things or ideas that we’ve never encountered before.For example，our children can feel awe when looking up at a dark night sky that’s filled with more stars than they’ve ever imagined.As parents，it’s deeply moving to witness our children’s experience of awe—their breaths taken away，speechless apart from saying “Wow！”—because we see how it enriches their individual lives.And research suggests that awe can also boost our children’s desire to give as they feel small in the ①vastness of expanded awareness.
A recent study by researchers Eftychia Stamkou and her colleagues invited children between eight and thirteen years old to watch different videos.In the awe group，children watched a video from the movie Song of the Sea that ②features a child transforming into a seal and flying over a city.In the joy group，children watched a video from the movie Fantasia that shows friends celebrating.In the third group，children watched an ③instructional video of a boring activity.
Researchers measured children’s kindness toward poor families by inviting children to support a donation campaign by spending as much time as they wanted on figuring out the number of donated items，to make sure those in need got access to the donated food as quickly as possible.They also invited children to donate the reward they earned from participating in the research to a poor family.
The results Children who watched the awe-inspiring video spent more time counting food donations and donated their rewards to poor families more often compared to the children in the other groups.
“Although children from an early age are more likely to help in-group than out-group members，the findings show that awe can open them up to helping members of a national minority，” says Dacher Keltner，a renowned scholar of awe.“These findings highlight that awe-inspiring art can encourage children to give what they can offer to people who have been forcibly displaced from their countries of origin.That can serve as inspiration for educators.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项针对孩子敬畏之情的研究，该研究发现有敬畏之情的孩子更加慷慨，愿意帮助他人。
5．Why would parents like their children to have the experience of awe
A．It teaches their kids to keep quiet.
B．It makes their kids’ lives colorful.
C．It frees them from caring for kids.
D．It allows them to be praised by their kids.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As parents，it’s deeply moving to witness our children’s experience of awe—their breaths taken away，speechless apart from saying ‘Wow！’—because we see how it enriches their individual lives.”可知，父母希望他们的孩子有敬畏的经历是为了使孩子们的生活丰富多彩。故选B。
6．What were children asked to do in the study
A．Retell stories in videos.
B．Share their emotions.
C．Do counting work.
D．Cook some food.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Researchers measured children’s kindness toward poor families by inviting children to support a donation campaign by spending as much time as they wanted on figuring out the number of donated items，to make sure those in need got access to the donated food as quickly as possible.”可知，孩子们在研究中被要求做计数工作。故选C。
7．How does Dacher Keltner comment on the study
A．Its methods are rather complex.
B．Its conclusion is nothing special.
C．Its study subjects are unsuitable.
D．Its findings are of significance.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“These findings highlight that awe-inspiring art can encourage children to give what they can offer to people who have been forcibly displaced from their countries of origin.That can serve as inspiration for educators.”可知，克尔特纳认为这项研究的发现很有意义。故选D。
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．The experience of awe is common for us.
B．Awe brings you back to your childhood life.
C．Nature is the most awesome thing for kids.
D．Feeling awe may help kids be more generous.
答案　D
解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据倒数第二段“The results Children who watched the awe-inspiring video spent more time counting food donations and donated their rewards to poor families more often compared to the children in the other groups.”可知，文章主要介绍了一项针对孩子敬畏之情的研究，发现有敬畏之情的孩子更加慷慨，愿意帮助他人。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是敬畏可能会帮助孩子更慷慨。故选D。
语境猜词 ①vastness(派)＝vast＋ness n．巨大；广大 ②feature(转)n.→v.由……主演；以……为特色 ③instructional(派)＝instruct＋ion＋al adj.教学的；教育的
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江宁波十校二模)
Do you have ①sweaty palms when you are sitting in the exam hall Do worrying thoughts keep you awake at night You may have experienced one of these on certain occasions. 1 Here are three simple “first-aid” techniques that could make a difference.
Sit at your bed.
Do you jump out of bed the moment the alarm rings every morning Perhaps the next time you get up in the morning，you can try this.Slowly get up and sit at your bed for a few minutes. 2 The important thing is not to let any hurried thoughts clutter your mind.In these few quiet minutes to yourself，you will be able to feel refreshed.
　3　
On many occasions，we have our ②handphones right next to the served food，and our eyes are busy with the world within these tiny devices.Such actions seem to be the perfect recipe for an overworked brain.
Instead，take mealtime as a time to enjoy your food.Slow down and let your eyes ③feast on the different colors，and allow your tongue to taste the variety of flavors. 4 It also helps you to feel more relaxed.
Get moving.
Playing sports such as basketball，soccer or simply going for a run helps reduce the body’s stress hormones and instead stimulates the production of endorphins that lift your mood. 5 All you have to do is to ensure you incorporate a regular routine of exercise of low to moderate intensity.This will also help you feel more energized and healthy，besides ridding you of stress and anxiety.
These are the ways you can achieve harmony with your body and mind，and feel less anxious and stressed.Give them a try.Your mind will thank you for it.
A．Eat mindfully.
B．Exercise regularly.
C．Let the body and mind feel the peace.
D．There is no need for you to become a gym rat.
E．It helps you to be conscious of the food you put in your mouth.
F．This，in turn，has the effect of bringing your body into a state of deep relaxation.
G．It is a sign that anxiety is creeping up on you，and your brain is nudging you for help.
语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文，介绍了三种缓解焦虑的“急救”技巧。
1．答案　G
解析　上文“Do you have sweaty palms when you are sitting in the exam hall Do worrying thoughts keep you awake at night You may have experienced one of these on certain occasions.”陈述了一些可能产生焦虑情绪的场景，G选项“这是一个迹象，表明焦虑正在悄悄逼近你，你的大脑正在敦促你寻求帮助”总结上文，并引出下文缓解焦虑的建议。故选G。
2．答案　C
解析　上文“Slowly get up and sit at your bed for a few minutes.”建议闹钟响起后要先静坐一段时间，C选项“让身体和心灵感受到平静”为上文这样做的好处，与下文“The important thing is not to let any hurried thoughts clutter your mind.”呼应。故选C。
3．答案　A
解析　空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Instead，take mealtime as a time to enjoy your food.Slow down and let your eyes feast on the different colors，and allow your tongue to taste the variety of flavors.”可知，此段建议用餐时应将思维关注在食物上，A选项“用心地吃”是本段主旨。故选A。
4．答案　E
解析　上文“Instead，take mealtime as a time to enjoy your food.Slow down and let your eyes feast on the different colors，and allow your tongue to taste the variety of flavors.”告诉我们应该如何吃食物，下文“It also helps you to feel more relaxed.”表明这样吃饭的另一个好处，E选项“它帮助你意识到你放进嘴里的食物”也是这样吃饭的好处之一，与上下文衔接自然。故选E。
5．答案　D
解析　上文“Playing sports such as basketball，soccer or simply going for a run helps reduce the body’s stress hormones and instead stimulates the production of endorphins that lift your mood.”表明做运动的好处，下文“All you have to do is to ensure you incorporate a regular routine of exercise of low to moderate intensity.”表明锻炼的强度应适中，D选项“你没有必要成为健身狂”对过度锻炼进行否定，引出下文。故选D。
语境猜词 ①sweaty(派)＝sweat＋y adj.出汗的 ②handphones(合)＝hand＋phone＋s n．手机 ③feast(转)n.→v.尽情享用(美味佳肴)
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
In the community of Mudgeeraba，a remarkable story has occurred，displaying a more connected society.
Living far from her own family and with her husband having no parents left，Nina，a new mom，was feeling the weight of 1 in her motherhood journey.Nina found herself 2 not just for company，but for a unique form of ①cross-generational 3 .So she determined to take a 4 step.
Nina put out a ②heartfelt 5 in her community for an “adoptive grandma” for herself and her baby Millie.The outpouring of support was nothing short of 6 .Among the sea of 7 ，61-year-old Christine，a resident in the same suburb as Nina，emerged as the perfect 8 .③Desperate for a grandchild of her own，Christine was seeking for a 9 for filling the emptiness left by the 10 of grandchildren in her life.
Since their initial meeting six months ago，Christine has lovingly 11 the role of Grandma Christine to little Millie，to whom she 12 she has an unlimited supply of love to give.The newfound relationship goes beyond just a 13 ，with weekly park walks and play dates becoming precious moments for both Nina and Christine.
The unexpected 14 rooted in a simple act of reaching out has not only provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation，dramatically 15 her tension after giving birth，but offered Christine a sense of purpose and connection in her later years.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位新妈妈妮娜通过社区求助找到了“领养奶奶”克里斯汀，建立起特殊跨代亲情的故事。
1．A.mistrust B．intervention
C．prejudice D．loneliness
答案　D
解析　mistrust不信任；intervention干预；prejudice偏见；loneliness孤独。根据上文“Living far from her own family and with her husband having no parents left”及下文“not just for company”可知，作为一名新妈妈，她在做母亲的旅程中感受到了孤独。故选D。
2．A.answering B．longing
C．preparing D．arranging
答案　B
解析　answer回答；long渴望；prepare准备；arrange安排。根据上文可知，妮娜没有亲人和长辈在身边，所以发现自己渴望陪伴。故选B。
3．A.assistance B．promise
C．respect D．recognition
答案　A
解析　assistance帮助；promise承诺；respect尊重；recognition认可。根据末段的“provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation”可推知，此处指妮娜渴望一种跨代援助。故选A。
4．A.debatable B．familiar
C．④courageous D．generous
答案　C
解析　debatable有争议的；familiar熟悉的；courageous勇敢的；generous慷慨的。根据下文“Nina put out a heartfelt in her community for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie.”可知，妮娜决定迈出勇敢的一步，为孩子寻找一位“领养奶奶”。故选C。
5．A.statement B．option
C．proposal D．request
答案　D
解析　statement声明；option选择；proposal提案；request请求。根据下文“for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie”可知，妮娜在社区中发出了寻找一位“领养奶奶”的请求。故选D。
6．A.unappealing B．convincing
C．heart-warming D．confusing
答案　C
解析　unappealing不吸引人的；convincing令人信服的；heart-warming暖心的；confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“The outpouring of support”和“The unexpected rooted in a simple act of reaching out has not only provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation”可知，这种支持的大量涌现是暖心的。故选C。
7．A.documents B．responses
C．discussions D．investigations
答案　B
解析　document文件；response回应；discussion讨论；investigation调查。根据上文“for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie”并结合下文克里斯汀承担奶奶的角色可知，妮娜发出请求，很多人做出回应。故选B。
8．A.professional B．relative
C．employer D．match
答案　D
解析　professional专业人员；relative亲戚；employer雇主；match相配的人或物。根据下文“Desperate for a grandchild of her own”可知，妮娜和孩子需要长辈，而克里斯汀需要孙辈，所以她成为完美的匹配对象。故选D。
9．A.channel B．babysitter
C．witness D．standard
答案　A
解析　channel途径，方法，渠道；babysitter保姆；witness目击者；standard标准。根据上文“Desperate for a grandchild of her own”可知，克里斯汀正在寻找一种途径来填补生活中没有孙辈带来的空虚。故选A。
10．A.departure B．affection
C．absence D．objection
答案　C
解析　departure离开；affection喜爱；absence缺席，缺乏；objection反对。根据上文“Desperate for a grandchild of her own”可知，克里斯汀想要自己的孙辈，所以此处指缺少孙辈带来的空虚。故选C。
11．A.reflected upon B．taken on
C．set aside D．applied for
答案　B
解析　reflect upon反思；take on承担；set aside留出；apply for申请。根据下文“the role of Grandma Christine to little Millie”可知，克里斯汀深情地承担起了奶奶的角色。故选B。
12．A.worries B．remembers
C．denies D．feels
答案　D
解析　worry担心；remember记住；deny否认；feel感觉。根据上文“lovingly”和下文“she has an unlimited supply of love to give”可知，她感觉自己有无限的爱可以给予米勒。故选D。
13．A.limit B．title
C．message D．prize
答案　B
解析　limit限制；ti(共97张PPT)
Looking good，feeling good
必修第一册　 Unit 4
内容索引
过基础　知识排查
查重点　夯基固本
提能力　主题写作
过基础　知识排查
Part One
含义
vt.不做 ；跳过
vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
词汇
skip
过关
必备词汇
延伸
拓展
skip breakfast不吃早餐
skip out/off溜走；突然离去
skip over略过；遗漏
含义
vi.昏厥
adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的
词汇
faint
延伸
拓展
[同]weak，slight
含义
昏迷，失去知觉
词汇
pass out
含义
adv.立即，马上
conj.一……就
词汇
immediately
延伸
拓展
[同]at once，as soon as，directly，instantly
含义
n.性别
词汇
sex
含义
adj.极端的；严重的
n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)
词汇
extreme
延伸
拓展
[派]extremely adv.极其；非常
extreme sports极限运动
含义
vi.变苗条，减肥
adj.苗条的；微薄的 ，小的
词汇
slim
延伸
拓展
slim down变苗条，减肥
keep slim保持苗条
含义
n.百分之……
词汇
per cent
含义
n.效果，作用；影响
词汇
effect
延伸
拓展
[派]effective adj.有效的；生效的
side effect副作用
take effect生效；奏效
come/go into effect生效
have an effect/influence/impact on/upon对……有影响
bring/put...into effect实施；使生效
含义
linking v.后来被发现是
vt.证明，证实
词汇
prove
延伸
拓展
[派]proof n.证明，证据
prove sth to sb向某人证明某事
It is proved that...据证明……，据证实……
prove (to be)＋n./adj.证明是……
含义
adv.稍微，略微
词汇
slightly
延伸
拓展
slight adj.轻微的；略微的
含义
n.日常饮食；节食
vi.节食，进行规定饮食
词汇
diet
延伸
拓展
keep a balanced diet保持均衡的饮食
be/go on a diet在节食
含义
vi.起作用，运转
n.作用，功能，职能
词汇
function
延伸
拓展
[派]functional adj.实用的；起作用的；功能的
function as起……的作用；具有……的功能
含义
摄入，吸收
词汇
take in
延伸
拓展
[同]absorb
含义
adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
词汇
energetic
延伸
拓展
energy n.精力；活力；能量
[派]energetically adv.精力充沛地；积极地
含义
强身健体
词汇
get into shape
含义
adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说
词汇
rather
延伸
拓展
rather than而不是　or rather更确切地说
含义
n.方面，层面
词汇
aspect
含义
n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
词汇
pressure
延伸
拓展
press v.压；推；催促
含义
从短期/长期看
词汇
in the short/long term
含义
n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆
词汇
memory
延伸
拓展
[派]memorize vt.记忆，记住
memorable adj.值得纪念的；难忘的
in memory of为纪念
含义
n.发作 ；攻击；抨击
vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
词汇
attack
延伸
拓展
under attack受到攻击；遭到抨击
launch/make an attack on/upon向……发动进攻/攻击
含义
adj.可塑的 ；塑料的
n.塑料
词汇
plastic
延伸
拓展
plastic surgery整形手术；整形外科
含义
n.外科手术
词汇
surgery
延伸
拓展
[派]surgeon n.外科医生
含义
n.(大学、学院的)校园，校区
词汇
campus
延伸
拓展
on campus在校园
含义
n.小伙子，家伙
词汇
guy
含义
n.增加，添加；加法
词汇
addition
延伸
拓展
add vt.增加；添加；加；补充说
[派]additional adj.附加的
additionally adv.此外，而且
in addition此外
含义
使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
词汇
hang over
含义
adj.男性的；雄性的
n.男性，雄性
词汇
male
延伸
拓展
[反]female adj.女性的；雌性的
n.女性，雌性
含义
防范，防止，提防
词汇
guard against
含义
n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西
词汇
beauty
延伸
拓展
[派]beautiful adj.美丽的
beautify vt.美化；使更美丽
inner/outer beauty内在/外在美
含义
打一场无望取胜的仗
词汇
fight a losing battle
含义
达到，符合，不辜负
词汇
live up to
延伸
拓展
live up to one’s reputation不负盛名；名副其实
live up to one’s expectation(s) 不辜负某人的期望
含义
n.时尚，时兴；流行款式
词汇
fashion
延伸
拓展
[派]fashionable adj.时尚的；流行的
out of fashion过时，不流行
in fashion流行
含义
n.阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处
词汇
shadow
延伸
拓展
[派]shadowy adj.阴影中的；朦胧的
含义
n.(pl.series)一系列，连续
词汇
series
延伸
拓展
a series of一系列的，一连串的
含义
adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
词汇
external
延伸
拓展
[反]internal adj.里面的；体内的；内部的
含义
n.天资，天赋；人才，天才
词汇
talent
延伸
拓展
[派]talented adj.有才能的
have a talent for/be talented in有……天赋
含义
为……自豪，为……骄傲
词汇
take pride in
延伸
拓展
[同]be proud of
含义
n.个性，个人特征
词汇
individuality
延伸
拓展
[同]identity
individual adj.单独的；个人的 n.个人
[派]individually adv.分别地；单独地
含义
n.成就，成绩；达到，完成
词汇
achievement
延伸
拓展
achieve vt.完成，达到
[派]achievable adj.可完成的；做得成的
a sense of achievement成就感
achieve one’s dream/goal实现梦想/目标
含义
vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
词汇
concentrate
延伸
拓展
[派]concentration n.集中；专注
concentrated adj.浓缩的；集中的；全力以赴的
concentrate on (doing) sth专心于(做)某事
concentrate one’s mind/attention on集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
含义
adj.担心的，忧虑的，关切的
词汇
concerned
延伸
拓展
[同]worried
concern vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧 n.担心，忧虑；关心
[派]concerning prep.关于
be concerned about/for 担心
be concerned with与……有关
as far as...be concerned 就……而言；关于
含义
n.内容；目录
adj.满意的，满足的
vt.使满足，使满意
词汇
content
含义
n.优势；力气，力量；实力
词汇
strength
延伸
拓展
strong adj.强壮的
[派]strengthen vt.& vi.巩固，加强
build up one’s strength 增强体质
strengths and weaknesses优缺点
1.前缀con-：常表示“共同”或“一起”，或者用来加强词义、语气等。如：confront vt.面对；confirm vt.确认，证实，批准；conduct v.组织，实施，执行；context n.上下文。
2.后缀-th：有一些动词或形容词变名词常在词尾加此后缀，如：grow→growth；long→length；warm→warmth；wide→width。
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
(1)Several companies are competing for the contract. _____
(2)He concluded his speech by wishing everyone a safe trip home. _____
(3)Her comment was uncomfortably close to the (true).
(4)The conference stimulated him to study the subject in more ________
(deep).
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
合同
结束
truth
depth
1.It has been proved that yogurt is not suitable for babies within one year of age.
2.Some of the diseases of middle age can be prevented by improving nutrition，so you’d better keep a nutritious diet.
3.As we all know，drinking too much wine definitely has a negative effect on one’s health.
4.As the famous saying goes，where there is a will，there is a way.
5.As far as I am concerned，it is not suitable to wear jeans on such a formal occasion.
阅读词汇
识记
_____　 ________________
_____
_____
_____
_______
酸奶
在(某段时间)之内
营养
坏的
谚语
牛仔裤
6.The young guy has been eager for a digital camera as his 18th birthday present.
7.He played a beautiful piece of piano music on the campus talent show，which left a deep impression on us.
8.Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities.
_______
_____
_________
数码的
钢琴
应用程序
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
探究
重点词汇
adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的(frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓；吓唬 frightening adj.令人恐惧的，可怕的)
frightened
1
·be frightened to do sth 不敢做某事；害怕做某事
　be frightened of/that...害怕……
·frighten sb into/out of doing sth 把某人吓得做/不敢做某事
(1)Because of her last terrible experience，she is frightened ________
(skip) meals to slim down.
to skip
(2)听说你害怕在公共场合做演讲，我非常遗憾。(应用文写作之慰问信)
I am terribly sorry to hear that you _____________________________
a lecture in public.
(3)当我看到一头可怕的熊张着血盆大口时，我害怕得要死。我吓得站在那里，头发都竖起来了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
When I saw opening its bloody mouth，I _____
.I there，with my hair standing on end.
are frightened of delivering/are
frightened to deliver
a frightening bear
was
frightened to death
was frightened into standing
contribute
·contribute to有助于；促成，造成；是……的原因之一；捐款；投稿
　contribute...to...把……贡献给……
·make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献；捐款
vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐献，捐赠；增加，添加(contribution n.贡献；捐赠；捐款)
(1)I make a proposal that each individual should make _______________
(contribute) to ocean protection.
(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
contributions
2
(2)I am glad to learn that you are scheduled to contribute your school newspaper on the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
(2024·北京，书面表达)
(3)他的研究不仅提高了数百万人的生活质量，而且为农业的可持续发展做出了贡献。
(2023·全国甲，书面表达)
His research has not only improved the quality of life for millions of people，but also _____________________________________________
.
to
contributed to/made a contribution to the
sustainable development of agriculture
amount
·the amount of...……的数量
　a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数) 大/少量的
　large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数) 大/少量的
·amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
n.数量 vi.达到，合计
(1)Because the system is automated，it significantly reduces the amount
　　 water needed to grow plants.
(2024·新课标Ⅱ)
of
3
(2)Large amounts of money 　　　　 (spend) on advertisements every year.
(3)暑假期间我赚的钱总共是300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家庭。
(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
The money I earned during the summer holiday __________________
，which could help support my family.
are spent
amounted to 300
dollars
schedule
·ahead of schedule＝ahead of time提前
　on schedule按时；按时间表
　behind schedule迟于预定时间
·be scheduled for sth安排在……时间；为……而安排
　be scheduled to do sth 计划做……；被安排做……
·as scheduled按计划
n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt.安排，预定
(1)We’d better work extra hours on the project to complete it schedule or even ahead schedule.
4
on
of
(2)As (schedule)，we finished the task within one hour，so we took pride in ourselves.
(3)主题班会定于下周一举行，旨在介绍中华传统文化。
The theme class meeting next Monday，aiming to introduce traditional Chinese culture.
scheduled
is scheduled to be held/is scheduled for
treatment
·under treatment在治疗中
·treat...as...把……看作……；把……视为……
　treat sb to sth用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人
　treat sb with...以……方式对待某人
·My treat.我请客。
n.治疗；处理；对待，待遇(treat vt.对待，看待；治疗；处理；招待 n.乐趣；款待)
(1)Farber’s (treat) eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.
(2024·新课标Ⅰ)
treatments
5
(2)It was summer，and my dad wanted to treat me a vacation like never before.
(3)Ever since he was diagnosed with the disease，he has been _______
treatment，but nothing seems to cure him of the rare disease，which puts him deep in despair.
(4)自从两年前我们在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”活动中相识，我就已经把你当作我最好的朋友。
(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)
I since we met at China-Ireland Cultural Festival two years ago.
to
under
have treated you as my best friend
(5)我呼吁所有人以尊重对待残障人士，因为所有人生而平等。(应用文写作之倡议书)
I appeal to all the people because all people are born equal.
to treat the disabled with respect
end up
end up with...以……结束/告终
end up as...最后成为……
end up in结果是；最终是
end up doing sth最终做了某事
end up＋形容词/介词短语　最终处于……状态
最终成为，最终处于
(1)At the dinner table we usually begin with soup and end up fruit.
(2)Anderson was born into a poor family，but ended up one of the greatest writers of his time.
6
with
as
(3)You’ll end up failure if you don’t follow my advice.
(4)While studying，concentrate your mind on what is really important，or you will end up (remember) nothing.
in
remembering
show off
show...out领……出去
show...in领……进来
show sb around/round领某人参观
show up出席；到场；出现，现身；使显现出
(be) on show在展出
显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
(1)Mike was trying to show his talent by giving performances in the pub.
7
off
(2)About 200 amazing drawings are show，ranging from Dunhuang frescoes to Zhang Daqian’s famous paintings.So I highly recommend a visit to the exhibition to you.
(3)For my daughter’s birthday，I showed her guests and of the party.As the host，I showed them the newly decorated house，making sure everyone felt welcome.The birthday girl，my daughter finally showed ，and the fun began!
on
in
out
around/round
up
1
Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.(be＋过去分词＋to do...)
珍妮弗被发现有严重的低血糖，立即被治疗了。
In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful，teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.(where引导定语从句)
在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。
2
悟通
经典句式
3
We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips，because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.(动名词短语作主语)
我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵循这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活就是强身健体最安全、最有效的方式。
However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly...(It＋be＋adj.＋that...)
然而，对于那些超重达到危险程度的人来说，努力以适当方式减肥是很重要的……
4
本句中it作形式主语，其常用结构有：
·It＋be＋形容词(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that从句
·It＋be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no
　wonder...)＋that从句
·It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋
　that从句
(1)他已经花了大量的时间复习，所以他肯定会考得很好。
He has spent a large amount of time reviewing，so 　　　　　　　 he will do well in his exam.
it is certain that
(2)遗憾的是他失败了，辜负了父母的期望。
　 　　　 and didn’t live up to his parents’ expectations.
(3)人们建议我们不能只关注外在美，相反地，我们要努力提高我们的内在美。
　　　　　　　　　 we shouldn’t only care about external beauty；instead，we should try to improve our inner beauty.
(4)很明显，我们应该花一些时间来简要地回顾一下唐朝的历史。(话题写作之传统文化)
　 　　　　　 we should spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty.
It is/was a pity that he failed
It is suggested that
It is apparent/obvious that
5
Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance.(the way作先行词的定语从句)
你的朋友也影响你看待自己外表的方式。
·way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关
　系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。
·way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that或
　which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略。
·way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth 形式。
(1)Shops are not charities—they price goods in the way will make them the most money.
(2024·浙江1月)
that/which
(2)你应该记住，经常与同班同学交流观点是提高学习的有效方法。(话题写作之学校生活)
You should keep in mind that exchanging ideas with your classmates frequently is .
(3)她低下头，为自己在聚会上的表现羞愧不已。(读后续写之情感描写)
She lowered her head，feeling ashamed of the way ________________
.
an effective way to improve/of improving your study
(that/in which) she
behaved at the party
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.yogurt
2.faint
3.per cent
4.nutrition
5.plastic
6.surgery
7.external
8.individuality
词汇默写
默写巩固
______
_______________________________________
_____________
_______
________________________
___________
___________________________________
_________________
n.酸奶
vi.昏厥 adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的
n.百分之……
n.营养
adj.可塑的；塑料的 n.塑料
n.外科手术
adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
n.个性，个人特征
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. vt.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过
vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
2. adv.立即，马上
conj.一……就
3. linkingv.后来被发现是
vt.证明，证实
4. n.日常饮食；节食
vi.节食，进行规定饮食
skip
immediately
prove
diet
5. adv.稍微，略微
6. vi.起作用，运转
n.作用，功能，职能
7. n.发作；攻击；抨击
vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
8. n.数量
vi.达到，合计
9. n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表
10. adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
slightly
function
attack
amount
schedule
negative
11. n.(大学、学院的)校园，校区
12. n.内容；目录
adj.满意的，满足的
vt.使满足，使满意
campus
content
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
→ n.集中；专注
2. adj.极端的；严重的
→ adv.极其；非常
3. n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆
→ vt.记忆，记住
4. n.时尚，时兴；流行款式
→ adj.时尚的；流行的
concentrate
concentration
extreme
extremely
memory
memorize
fashion
fashionable
5. n.成就，成绩；达到，完成
→ vt.完成，达到
6. n.增加，添加；加法
→ vt.增加；添加；补充说
→ adj.附加的，外加的
→ adv.此外，而且
7. n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西
→ adj.美丽的
→ vt.美化
achievement
achieve
addition
add
additional
additionally
beauty
beautiful
beautify
8. n.治疗；处理；对待
→ vt.对待；看待；治疗；处理 n.乐事；乐趣；款待
treatment
treat
Ⅳ.核心短语
1. 摄入，吸收
2. 从短期看
3. 此外
4. 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
5. 达到，符合，不辜负
6. 最终成为，最终处于
take in
in the short term
in addition
hang over
live up to
end up
语境运用
默写巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.For those who want to get shape，rock climbing is a fun and effective way.
2.Thirsty and hungry，the poor guy passed in the street.(读后续写之状态＋动作描写)
3.If we our physical exercise，we will get and be full of all day long.(strong)
4.Mary was too to tell her family the scene because it her to death.(frighten)
into
out
strengthen
stronger
strength
frightened
frightening
frightened
5.The businessman never showed his richness during conversations with others，which earned him respect.
6.Although my grandpa is over seventy years old，he is .
Whenever I see him，he is full of .(energy)
7.Everyone said John was a boy because he did well in all his subjects and had a for singing and dancing.(talent)
8.Our learning methods have an on our learning，and keeping a diary in English is one of the most ways to improve our English.(effect)
off
energetic
energy
talented
talent
effect
effective
9. the toll-free policy on the expressway，what me most is the traffic jams while my parents are about the safety.
(concern)
10.More and more teenagers are reported (turn) to online learning，which can save time as well as enable them to be exposed to the latest knowledge.
(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
Concerning
concerns
concerned
to turn
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.能够发表题为“做明智的在线学习者”的演讲，我感到非常荣幸。(过去分词短语作后置定语) Good morning，everyone.It is a great honor 1._______________________
.
to deliver a speech titled
“Be smart online learners”
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.然而，你是否会成为一个明智的在线学习者取决于你使用互联网的方式。(the way作先行词的定语从句) Nowadays，with the rapid development of the Internet，online learning brings us significant advantages in furthering our study.However，whether you will be a smart online learner depends on 2.________________
.
the way (that/in
which) you use the Internet
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
3.上网可能会对那些缺乏自律的人产生负面影响。(动名词短语作主语，negative，effect) 3._________________________________
those who lack self-discipline.
Therefore，as far as I’m concerned，you should take advantage of online programs to promote your study.
Being online may have a negative effect
on
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
4.合理地安排你的在线学习时间是很重要的，因为良好的时间管理将有助于提高你的学习效率。(It＋be＋adj.＋that...) 4._________________________________
___________________________________
because good time management will contribute to improving your learning efficiency.
At last，hope all of you can be smart online learners.Thank you for listening！
返 回
It’s important that you should
arrange your online study time reasonably
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
查重点　夯基固本
Part Two
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.The weary customer found comfort in the store’s attentive service，feeling content①.Exploring their website，he was satisfied with the diverse contents②.The website captivated him，further contenting③ his curiosity about their offerings.
① 　② 　③__________
adj.满意的
n.内容
vt.使满足
2.Today，I decided not to skip① breakfast.After breakfast，I headed straight to the park.Skipping② the usual routine，I felt energetic as I skipped③ along the path，enjoying the freshness of the morning air.It was a delightful change from my usual day.
① 　② 　③________________
3.A hiker was exploring the forest when a bear charged at him to attack①.Its sudden attack② made him frightened.Fearing a heart attack③ from panic，the hiker fled as quickly as possible.
① 　② 　③_______
vt.不做
vt.跳过
vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走
vi.攻击
n.攻击
n.发作
4.He contributed① an article to the magazine and his article concentrated on those who contributed② to the development of society.In the article，he said what the great people did contributed③ to people’s wonderful life in modern times.
① 　② 　③_____________
v.投稿
v.贡献
v.促成，造成
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.What’s fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons.
2.It is important that people，especially teenagers，should take ____
enough nutrition，from which they can benefit a lot.
3.In my opinion，young people are indeed concerned about ，and tend to wear clothes.(fashion)
4.However，we did not mark the route so we suffered a lot and ended ___
almost missing the sunset entirely.
5.To be frank，there is no specific for illness caused by the virus，but many of the symptoms can .(treat)
that
in
fashion
fashionable
up
treatment
be treated
6. (concentrate) your attention on English will enable you to master the language in full measure.
7.Since he didn’t know his town’s name，finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved (be) impossible at that moment.
8.The volunteers much time to the project.Dr Win，a major
，was generous and he made a great .(contribute)
9.I really want to obtain this precious opportunity to work for your company and I am sure that I can live up your expectations.(应用文写作之申请信)
10.The school’s 50th anniversary celebration，scheduled (hold) on Monday，will be postponed till Friday for unknown reasons.
Concentrating
to be
contributed
contributor
contribution
to
to be held
Ⅲ.语法填空　语境串记单元词汇
Nowadays，being thin 1. (see) as being beautiful，so lots of teenagers use some extreme methods to slim down.Some skip meals to lose weight，2. has a negative effect on their health.For example，when they are in class，they often find 3. hard to concentrate on their lessons.Some even faint/pass out in class.Others take pills to lose weight.These pills prove 4. (be) harmful to lungs，liver，stomach and so on.
is seen
which
it
to be
Health experts are 5. (concern) about that and they are making efforts to teach the teenagers 6. to be healthy.Firstly，do not follow popular beauty standards 7. (blind).As for physical health，teenagers should take 8. enough food and nutrition to make their bodies function well.Besides，have a balanced diet and do some exercise to reduce pressure and keep 9. (energy)，which will contribute to their health in the long term.Do concentrate on the things they are good at and show their talents.In a word，like a book，the 10._________
(content) are much more important than the cover.So “don’t judge a book by its cover”.
concerned
how
blindly
in
energetic
contents
返 回
提能力　主题写作
Part Three
为了使学生增强健康意识，拥有健康积极的校园生活，你校英文报现以此为主题举行征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.介绍增强健康意识的必要性；
2.提出相关建议。
应用文增分练
健康的生活方式
1.在科技以惊人速度发展的现代社会中，人们的健康意识增强了。(strengthen，where引导定语从句)
_____________________________________________________________
2.学生的身体健康普遍被认为和学业表现一样重要。(be＋过去分词＋to do)
_____________________________________________________________
3.面对大量的学习压力，学生们应该改变他们对待生活的方式，抽出一些时间来锻炼身体。(amount，get into shape，the way＋定语从句)
_____________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
4.我认为，至关重要的是为了学生们的身心健康，学校应举办各种课外活动。(concerned，it＋be＋adj.＋that...)
_____________________________________________________________
5.此外，从长期看，拥有均衡的饮食将有助于学生的健康。(addition，balance，contribute，动名词短语作主语)
_____________________________________________________________
6.正如一句名言所说：“有志者，事竟成。” 通过共同努力，学生们最终将身心健康。(end up)
_____________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
In the modern society where technology is advancing at an alarming rate，people’s awareness of health has been strengthened.Students’ physical health is widely acknowledged to be as important as their academic performance.
Faced with a large amount of academic stress，the students are supposed to change the way that/in which they approach life and spare some time to do exercise to get into shape.As far as I’m concerned，it is vital that schools should hold varieties of out-of-class activities for the benefit of students’ physical and mental health.In addition，having a balanced diet will contribute to students’ health in the long term.
Just as a famous saying goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” With joint efforts，students will end up physically and mentally healthy.
应用文增分练
参考范文
亮词 [情感描写]　concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的　frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的　hang over使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生　negative adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
[动作描写]　concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注　contribute to促成，造成
attack vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击　show off显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
美句 1.Jennifer Jones,15，told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell.
She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital.
(背景＋动作描写)
2.Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before.
(动作＋情感描写)
3.Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can hang over you all the time like a rain cloud.(比喻)
4.If you can learn to see the good things about yourself—your individuality，your value to others，your achievements—you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are.(主旨升华)
情感细节描写：难过与沮丧
单词 1.helpless adj.无助的
2.hopeless adj.不抱希望的
3.frustrated adj.懊丧的，失意的
4.disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
5.depress v.使抑郁；使失去信心→depressed adj.抑郁的；意志消沉的→depression n.消沉；抑郁(症)
6.sink v.使受挫
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
单词 7.sorrow n.悲伤 v.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的
8.upset adj.难过的；失望的；沮丧的
9.gloomy adj.沮丧的；悲观的
10.grief n.悲伤；悲痛→grieve v.(使)伤心；(使)悲伤
11.heartbroken adj.心碎的；极为悲伤的
12.weep v.哭泣，流泪 n.哭泣；落泪
13.sob v.啜泣；哭诉 n.呜咽(声)
词块 1.sob/weep with one’s face hidden in one’s hands掩面啜泣/哭泣
2.sadness clouds one’s face一脸悲伤
3.a lump in one’s throat如鲠在喉
4.with tears in one’s eyes眼含泪水
5.tears well up in one’s eyes泪水涌上眼眶
6.hold/fight back tears抑制住泪水
7.in a sorrowful tone/voice伤心地说
8.be overcome with/seized by sorrow悲伤不已
词块 9.be down/low in spirits情绪低落
10.be beside oneself with grief悲痛欲绝
11.with a heavy/sinking/sorrowful/broken heart怀着沉重/沮丧/难过的心情
12.tears stream down one’s face泪流满面
句型 1.He paused，and covered his face with his hands/buried/hid his face in his hands，too upset to speak.
他停下来，双手掩面，难过得说不下去了。
2.An air of sorrow and depression settled over the crowd.人群中弥漫着悲伤和沮丧的气氛。
3.I felt so sad that I found myself crying unconsciously，unable to hold back my tears.
我难过得无意识地哭了，无法抑制我的眼泪。
4.He shook his head miserably/sadly，tears pouring/flowing/running/
streaming/rolling down his cheeks/face.他难过地摇摇头，潸然泪下。
句型 5.She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help weeping/
sobbing bitterly.
她悲伤不已，忍不住痛哭起来。
6.With a saddened heart，he went there and came back with his eyes red from crying.
他怀着悲伤的心情去了那里，回来时两眼哭得通红。
7.Tears welled up in her eyes，and her heart seemed to be torn.她泪如泉涌，心都要碎了。
健康的生活方式
When I was a kid about twelve years old，I had a lot of acne on my face.Every time I looked at myself in the mirror，I ①__________________
.One day，on my way home，I heard two boys behind me talking about my face.②___________________
(独立主格结构)，I dashed home ③ (with复合结构).
当我还是个大约12岁的孩子的时候，我脸上长了很多痘痘。每当我看着镜子里的自己，我就被一阵悲伤所笼罩。一天，在回家的路上，我听到后面的两个男孩在谈论我的脸。如鲠在喉，我眼里含着泪水冲回家。
续写积累提能练
语料运用
was seized by/was
overcome with a burst of sadness/sorrow
A lump in my throat
with tears in my eyes
On arriving home，I stormed into my room and slammed the door，
④ (独立主格结构).After what seemed a century，I heard a gentle knock on the door of my bedroom.Hesitating for a moment，with swollen eyes and still wet cheeks，I ⑤ .At the door stood my mother，holding a big bunch of tiger lilies ⑥_______________________
(定语从句) but amazingly beautiful.
一到家，我就冲进房间，砰地关上门，潸然泪下。好像过了一个世纪，我听到有人轻轻地敲我卧室的门。我犹豫了一会儿，眼睛肿着，脸颊还湿着，拖着脚去开门。妈妈站在门口，手里拿着一大束虎皮百合，上面布满了黑点，但是美得出奇。
tears pouring/flowing/running/streaming/rolling down my cheeks
dragged my feet to open the door
that/which were covered
with black spots
I ⑦ ，not knowing what to say.My mother ⑧ ，whispering，“There are all kinds of flowers in the world，and they are all beautiful and sweet.”
我惊愕地盯着它们，不知道说什么好。妈妈把我揽在她温暖的怀里，低声说：“世界上有各种各样的花，它们都是美丽而芬芳的。”
返 回
stared at them in amazement/wonder/surprise
gathered me in her warm arms

展开更多......

收起↑