资源简介

词汇 含义 延伸拓展
barely adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 bare adj.仅够的；裸露的；光秃秃的；空的
cigar n.雪茄烟
tear down 拆毁，拆除
keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于；浓厚的 be keen on sth对某事物感兴趣或热衷 be keen to do sth渴望做某事
scar n.伤疤；(精神上的)创伤；污点
eyebrow n.眉毛
scarfpin n.领带别针，围巾夹
make one’s fortune 成功立业，发财
reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 rely vi.依靠；依赖 [派]reliability n．可靠性 rely on/upon依赖；依靠；信赖
lose contact 失去联系
worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 It is worthwhile doing sth/to do sth.做某事是值得的。
collar n.衣领；颈圈；圈，箍
bless vt.祝福 [派]blessing n．祝福；好事；准许
inch n.英寸；少量，短距离 v.(使朝某方向)谨慎移动 inch by inch缓慢而谨慎地；一步一步
outline vt.概述，略述 n.概述；轮廓线，略图
arrest n.& vt.逮捕，拘捕 v.吸引(注意) under arrest被逮捕 arrest one’s attention吸引某人的注意力
wire vt.给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网 [派]wiring n．(供电)线路
criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 crime n．犯罪活动，罪行；罪
anyhow adv.不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地
innocent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n.无辜者，单纯的人 be innocent of (doing) sth无罪的 [派]innocence n．天真；清白
legal adj.合法的；法律的 [派]illegal adj.不合法的；违法的 legally adv.法律上，合法地 illegally adv.违法地，非法地
principle n.道德原则；法则；信条 in principle理论上；大体上
decent adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的
burden n.(责任、义务等的)重担，负担 v.(使)担负
geophysicist n.地球物理学家
core adj.核心的，最重要的 n．核心，最重要的部分 at the core of在……的核心
socialist adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者 social adj.社会的；社交的 [派]society n．社会 socialism n．社会主义 socialize/socialise vi.交往 vt.使适应社会
resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去 resign from...从……辞职 resign oneself to sth听任；只好接受；顺从
substantial adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的 substance n．物质；物品；事实根据
superb adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的
photographer n.摄影师，拍照者 photograph n．照片 vt.拍照 [派]photography n．摄影；摄影术
cheat vt.欺骗，蒙骗 vi.作弊，舞弊 n.作弊者，骗子；欺骗手段 cheat sb out of sth骗取某人某物
wrap vt.包，裹；用……缠绕 n.披肩，围巾；包裹材料
parcel n.包裹，小包；一块地 vt.裹好，打包
bow n.蝴蝶结；弓；琴弓 vi.鞠躬；低(头)
nephew n.侄子，外甥
wrinkle n.皱纹；褶皱，皱痕 vt.起皱纹，皱起，起褶皱
pause vi.停顿，暂停 n.停顿，停顿的时间
sew vi.& vt.(sewed，sewn)缝，做针线活；缝上
embrace vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
phase n.阶段，时期
anchor n.锚；给以安全感的人(或物) vi.& vt.抛锚；使固定
likewise adv.同样地；也，而且
deadline n.最后期限，截止日期
guidance n.指导；导航 guide vt.带领；引导 n．向导 under the guidance of sb在某人的指导下
fault n.过错，责任；弱点，缺点 find fault with挑……的毛病 at fault有责任；有错
virtue n.美德；正直的品性；优点
integrity n.诚实正直；完整，完好
organic adj.有机的，统一的；绿色的；生物的 organ n．器官；机构；风琴
garbage n.垃圾；废话
saving n.节省物，节省；储蓄金 save vt.节省；保存；储蓄；拯救
bonus n.意外收获；奖金，红利
weigh on sb/sth 使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
harvest n.收成，收获量；收获季节，收割 vt.& vi.收割，捕猎
rejoice vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜
quote n.引语，原话 vt.& vi.引用，引述；举例说明
discouraged adj.灰心的，泄气的 discourage vt.阻止，使气馁 [派]discouraging adj.使人灰心的，使人泄气的 discouragement n．泄气，灰心
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
形容词后缀-ing/-ed：-ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人的感受，如：discouraged是由动词discourage＋-ed组成，译为“灰心的，泄气的”。类似的还有：excited，frightened，interested，delighted，moved，amazed，surprised等。-ing结尾的形容词多用来修饰事物，表示事物具有令人产生某种情绪的特征，如：exciting，frightening，interesting，moving，amazing，surprising等。
(1)So shocked were we that we didn’t believe the shocking news was true.(shock)
(2)All of us were puzzled by the puzzling questions raised by a six-year-old boy.(puzzle)
(3)The teacher is satisfied with our satisfying performance in class，which can be seen from her satisfied expression on her face.(satisfy)
1．When I looked at the grade on my math paper，my jaw almost dropped to the ground.下巴
2．I have resolved to buy a diamond ring to propose to my girlfriend at the approaching evening party.钻石
3．When I told them I was thirsty，they went and got me a bottle of mineral water.矿物
4．In the oceans，you can find starfish and sea horses，which are interesting and beautiful sea animals.海星
5．The first chopsticks were made from bone and jade.玉
6．An important goal of our suggestions is to avoid solutions that sow the seeds of the next crisis.种
7．We assigned a few student representatives to head for the ward to visit our sick headmaster.病房
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1．appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务(appoint vt.任命；委派；安排 appointed adj.指定的，约定的)
·make/have an appointment with sb与某人约会/约定 keep/break an appointment守/违约 ·appoint sb (as/to be)...任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事
(1)Having made an appointment with the dentist，I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(appoint)
(2)得知他被任命为队长后，他抑制不住激动之情，雀跃着进了家门。(读后续写之动作＋心理描写)
Learning that he was appointed (as/to be) captain of the team，he couldn’t contain his excitement and danced into the house.
(3)他是个可靠的人，总是守约，从不失约。(话题写作之人物介绍)
He is a reliable man who always keeps an appointment and never breaks an appointment.
2．suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象
suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人 做 某事 suspect sb to be...怀疑某人是…… suspect that...怀疑/认为……
(1)Suspected to be(be) a suspect，the stranger is being questioned by the police.
(2)玛丽怀疑汤姆弄坏了她的蝴蝶结，这让汤姆怒火中烧。
Mary suspected Tom of breaking her bow/Mary suspected that Tom had broken her bow，which made Tom boil with anger.
3．guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的(guilt n．内疚；犯罪；有罪)
·be guilty of...犯有……罪 be/feel guilty for/at/about...为/对……感到内疚 ·out of guilt出于愧疚 with guilt内疚地
(1)I felt guilty for/at/about my rudeness to my friend and I must apologize to him.
(2)Lowering my head with guilt，I carefully put the paintings into an envelope，hoping this would be an icebreaker.(读后续写之情绪描写)
(3)我从心底里感到既内疚又高兴。(读后续写之情绪描写)
A mixture of guilt and delight came from the bottom of my heart.
(4)出于愧疚，我向我的老师进行解释，并保证这种事情不会再发生。(读后续写之情绪描写)
Out of guilt，I explained to my teacher and promised this would never happen again.
4．ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬(shame n．羞耻，惭愧 shameful adj.可耻的 shameless adj.不知羞耻的)
·be/feel ashamed of...为……而感到羞耻 be ashamed to do sth羞于做某事 ·It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾。 What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
(1)What a shame! All my efforts turned out to be in vain.
(2)It is unnecessary to be ashamed of our shortcomings，our faults or our failures.(应用文写作之建议信)
(3)真遗憾你住那么远，否则我们就可以经常见面了。
It’s a shame that you live at such a distance；otherwise we could see each other often.
(4)看到这个令人失望的结果我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，泪水模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之心理描写)
①I was so ashamed to see the disappointing result that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes.
②So ashamed was I to see the disappointing result that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(倒装句)
5．forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)(forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕)
原谅某人 做 某事 forgive and forget摒弃前嫌
(1)I’m writing to apologize to you，hoping you could forgive me for my impolite behavior.(应用文写作之道歉信)
(2)众所周知，不计前嫌是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会中。(读后续写之主旨升华)
As is known to all，it’s a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.
6．disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的(disappointment n．[U]失望；[C]令人失望的人或事物disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappoint v．使失望)
·be disappointed at/by/in/with...对……失望 be disappointed to do...因做……而失望 ·to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
(1)To my disappointment，the outcome of the project was disappointing，leaving everyone in the team feeling disappointed.(disappoint)
(2)我很失望地发现，我被指派和一个极其争强好胜且严肃的家伙一起工作，我几乎要哭了。虽然我对这个结果感到失望，但我必须鼓起勇气，坚持到底。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
I was disappointed to find that I was assigned to work with the fiercely competitive and serious guy and I was on the edge of crying.While I was disappointed at/by/in/with the result，I had to pluck up my courage and tough it out.
7．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
·pretend ·后接to do/to be doing/to have done的动词还有happen(碰巧)、appear(看似)、seem(似乎)、claim(声称)等。
(1)说实话，当时我有一种巨大的失落感。但我还是勉强地笑了笑，假装很欣赏它。(读后续写之情绪描写)
Honestly，I felt a huge sense of loss at that time.Yet I managed to force a weak smile and pretended to appreciate it.
(2)他拖着脚走进教室，打开一本书假装在看，窘迫的眼泪掉在打开的书页上。(读后续写之动作描写)
He dragged his feet into the classroom，opened a book and pretended to be reading it，with tears of embarrassment dropping onto the open page.
(3)当他父亲回来时，男孩把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。
The boy buried his head under the quilt，pretending to have fallen asleep when his father came back.
(4)她决定记住她的班级在哪里，然后假装其他地方不存在。(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)
She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist.
8．privilege n．荣幸；特殊利益 vt.给予特权，特别优待(privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的；荣幸的)
·have the privilege to do sth/of doing sth有做某事的特权/很荣幸做某事 It is a privilege (for sb) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是个荣幸。 ·be/feel privileged to do sth很荣幸做某事
(1)我很荣幸能站在这里发表关于成为聪明的在线学习者的演讲。(2021·全国乙，发言稿)
It is a privilege for me/I feel/am privileged to stand here to deliver a speech on being smart online learners.
(2)有幸参加这个研讨会，我相信这将极大地丰富我作为交换生的经历。(2023·天津，申请信)
Having the privilege to take part in/of taking part in the workshop，I do believe it will greatly enrich my experience as an exchange student.
9．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕(merciful adj.仁慈的，怜悯的 merciless adj.无情的)
at the mercy of任……处置，对……无能为力 show mercy to对……怜悯/宽恕 have mercy on/upon对……怜悯/宽恕 without mercy毫不怜悯地
(1)The blistering noonday sun beat down on them without mercy but they didn’t give up.
(2)在大风的摆布下，山顶上的小树都站不直了。
At the mercy of the strong wind，the young trees on the top of the mountain couldn’t stand up straight.
(3)尽管梅雷迪思一家不富裕，但他们同情穷人，总是愿意在任何可能的时候伸出援手。
Although the Merediths weren’t well off，they showed mercy to/had mercy on/upon the poor and were always willing to extend a supporting hand whenever possible.
10．arm in arm臂挽着臂
hand in hand手牵手 face to face面对面 back to back背靠背 shoulder to shoulder＝side by side肩并肩 eyes to eyes四目相对 heart to heart心贴心 step by step一步一步地
(1)看着那对老夫妇手挽着手沿着海滩散步，我有一种幸福的感觉。(读后续写之场景描写)
Watching the old couple walking along the beach arm in arm gave me a sense of happiness.
(2)他羞愧地来到老师的办公室，当面请求史密斯先生的原谅。(读后续写之心理描写)
Guilty and ashamed，he came into his teacher’s office to beg for Mr Smith’s forgiveness face to face.
(3)这名消防员受了重伤，与同伴失去了联系，他站了起来，一步一步地向出口走去。
The firefighter，severely injured and losing contact with his fellows，stood on his feet and walked towards the exit step by step.
1．In the doorway of a store stood a man，with an unlit cigar in his mouth.(介词短语位于句首的完全倒装)
商店门口站着一个男人，嘴里叼着一支没有点燃的雪茄。
2．...you will encounter many difficult situations where things may go wrong.(先行词为situation，where引导定语从句)
……你们会遇到许多困难的情况，在这些情况下事情可能会出错。
3．Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be.(however引导让步状语从句)
无论你们打算做什么，无论会有多困难，都要全力以赴去做。
4．Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
今天播下成功的种子，明天你们的收获将是巨大的。
·“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。其中祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。 ·“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more，another等词。 ·“祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语从句＋主句”。
(1)Another chance，and I will make the most of every minute to go all out to make dreams come true.
(2)此外，尽量与你的朋友分享你的喜与忧，否则你会感到孤独。(应用文写作之建议信)
What’s more，try to share your joys and sorrows with your friends，otherwise/or you will feel lonely.
(3)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。(话题写作之语言学习)
①Keep a diary in English every day，and you can improve your written English with ease.
②If you keep a diary in English every day，you can improve your written English with ease.
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每空1分，共8分)
1．cigar n．雪茄烟
2．eyebrow n．眉毛
3．geophysicist n．地球物理学家
4．core adj.核心的，最重要的 n．核心，最重要的部分
5．ward n．病房
6．embrace vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
7．anchor n．锚；给以安全感的人(或物) vi.& vt.抛锚；使固定
8．rejoice vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜
Ⅱ.重点单词(每空1分，共12分)
1．keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于
2．worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的
3．suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象
4．arrest n．& vt.逮捕，拘捕 v．吸引(注意)
5．burden n．(义务、责任等的)重担，负担 v．(使)担负
6．resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去
7．cheat vt.欺骗，蒙骗 vi.作弊，舞弊 n．作弊者，骗子
8．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
9．deadline n．最后期限，截止日期
10．fault n．过错，责任；弱点，缺点
11．harvest n．收成，收获量；收获季节，收割 vt.& vi.收割，捕猎
12．pause vi.停顿，暂停n.停顿，停顿的时间
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每空1分，共17分)
1．appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务→appoint vt.安排；任命→appointed adj.指定的，约定的
2．legal adj.合法的；法律的→illegal adj.不合法的；违法的→legally adv.法律上，合法地→illegally adv.违法地，非法地
3．socialist adj.社会主义的 n．社会主义者→social adj.社会的；社交的→society n．社会→socialism n．社会主义
4．photographer n．摄影师，拍照者→photography n．摄影；摄影术
5．guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的→guilt n．内疚；犯罪；有罪
6．forgive v．原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)→forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕
Ⅳ.核心短语(每空1分，共6分)
1．under arrest被逮捕
2．weigh on...使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
3．tear down拆毁，拆除
4．make one’s fortune成功立业；发财
5．to one’s disappointment令某人感到失望的是
6．lose contact失去联系
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1.5分，共27分)
1．Learning you are keen on classical literature，I’m writing to invite you to attend our workshop.
2．He was ashamed to have done such a shameful thing in public.(shame)
3．She is so merciful a lady that she often shows mercy to the homeless and the disabled.(mercy)
4．In principle，there is nothing that a human can do that a machine might not be able to do one day.
5．Right after the accident，everyone argued over who was at fault.
6．To my disappointment，I saw a disappointed expression on his face due to his test scores.(disappoint)
7．I think your friend Li Ming is reliable(rely)，and you may rely on it that he can offer you a hand whenever you’re in trouble.
8．Without your guidance and encouragement，we couldn’t have made such great progress，so we decide to engage you as our guide.(guide)
9．Don’t feel discouraged by the discouraging news because your discouragement may have a bad effect on you.(discourage)
10．From her innocent face，we can’t find anything bad about her，and furthermore the new evidence will make sure of her innocence.(innocence)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共15分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.作为晨光中学的一员，我感到很荣幸能够解决一个问题——我们对低碳校园的承诺。(privilege，it作形式宾语) 2.尽管我们不断努力，我们仍然见证了与低碳生活的概念和原则相矛盾的现象。(principle，that引导的定语从句) 3.我们不应假装什么都没有发生，现在是我们立即采取行动的时候了。(pretend，宾语从句) 4.事实上，无论我们做什么，我们每个人都可以成为一个改变者，给我们的校园带来难以置信的巨大改变。(whatever引导让步状语从句) 5.携手努力，我们将把我们的校园变成一个更加绿色、更加清洁的地方。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) Being a member of Chenguang Middle School,1.I feel it a privilege to address an issue—our commitment to a low-carbon campus.Despite our continuous efforts，we still witness phenomena 2.that contradict the concept and principles of low-carbon living. 3.We should not pretend that nothing has happened and it is high time that we took immediate action.Always remember to turn off the lights and taps while they are not in use，and limit the use of disposable chopsticks and plastic bags.Actually,4.whatever we do，each of us can be a change-maker and make an unbelievably great difference to our campus. 5.Make efforts hand in hand and we will transform our campus into a greener，and cleaner place. Thank you for your attention.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．He outlined① the essay，drawing an outline② of its structure on the board，and his perfect outline③ was met with thunderous applause.
①vt.概述　②n.轮廓线，略图　③n.概述
2．Not only does the guy cheat① old people out of money but he also cheats② in examinations.The teenage cheat③ will be punished for his cheat④.
①v.欺骗　②v.作弊　③n.骗子　④n.欺诈(行为)
3．The adorable girl wearing a beautiful bow① on her head took the bow②，bowed③ deep and then began to play the violin.
①n.蝴蝶结　②n.琴弓 　③vi.鞠躬
4．With a keen① eye for detail，he pursued his keen② interest in photography，always keen③ to capture life’s fleeting moments.
①adj.灵敏的，敏锐的 　②adj.浓厚的 　③adj.渴望
5．The skin on her cheeks and around her eyes was beginning to wrinkle① and she was frustrated with those wrinkles②.
①vi.起皱纹　②n.皱纹
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．When her father called her，she pretended to have fallen(fall) asleep.
2．To pursue more money，some people killed endangered animals without mercy.
3．It is a great privilege for me to show you around the heritage sites in our city.
4．Seize the chance to consult the specialist face to face，or you will regret it.
5．Considering he is a green hand，we should forgive him for making such mistakes.
6．In front of our school stands(stand) a tower which is famous for its splendid scene.
7．The criminal didn’t have any time to react before the policemen stormed in and placed him under arrest.
8．Only when all of us join hand in hand to ban noise pollution at all levels can we have a better environment.
9．However strange this experience was，I understood the meaning of this sentence at least：think before you leap.
10．It is worthwhile pointing/to point(point) out that heating may bring about certain change in the structure of any material.
Ⅲ.语法填空　语境串记单元词汇
A socialist’s nephew was keen on making his fortune to relieve his family of financial burden.At first，he worked at a mineral water factory.1.However，the bonus made him discouraged and his income 2.barely(bare) supported his family.As 3.a result，he resigned.From then on，the socialist lost contact with him.
Two years later，the socialist was informed that his nephew 4.was suspected(suspect) of being involved in a diamond and jade theft.5.Hearing(hear) the disappointing news，the socialist was 6.ashamed(shame) and determined that he would send him to prison without mercy.It was just two months later 7. that the suspect made an 8.appointment(appoint) with his uncle secretly.On seeing his nephew，the socialist who always stuck to principles tried to persuade him 9.to acknowledge(acknowledge) his criminal conduct.Watching the wrinkles on his uncle’s face，the young man felt guilty about his illegal acts and 10.admitted(admit) his fault.In the end，they went to the police station arm in arm and his nephew was arrested.
你校正在组织英语演讲比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为话题，写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1.人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴他/她的原因。
完成句子
1．我很荣幸能站在这里发表一篇关于我最尊敬的人的演讲。(privilege，it作形式主语)
　
2．说到我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的叔叔。他总是热衷于帮助别人。(keen，非限制性定语从句)
　
3．他既热心又值得信赖，总是第一个向有困难的人伸出援手。(reliable，形容词短语作状语，动词不定式作后置定语)
　
4．每当我灰心丧气时，正是他不遗余力地帮助我克服困难。(discouraged，whenever引导状语从句，强调句型)
　
5．在他的指导下，我明白了为改变世界做一些事情是值得的。(guidance，worthwhile)
　
6．这就是我的叔叔，一个正派的人，从他身上我学会了如何成为一个品德高尚的人。(decent，virtue，完全倒装句，“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
　
组句成篇　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Hello，everyone，
It is a privilege for me to stand here to deliver a speech about the person I respect most.When it comes to the person I respect most，I have to mention my uncle，who is always keen on helping others.
Warm-hearted and reliable，he is always the first man to give a helping hand to those in need.Whenever I am discouraged，it is he that/who spares no effort to assist me to overcome/in overcoming the difficulties.Under the guidance of him，I have learned that it’s worthwhile to do/doing something to make a difference to the world.
Such is my uncle，a decent man，from whom I learned how to be a man with great virtue.
Thank you for your listening.
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　keen adj.渴望，热切，热衷于　burden n．重担，负担　guilty adj.感到内疚/惭愧的；有罪的　ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬　disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 mercy n．仁慈，宽恕→merciful adj.仁慈的　discouraged adj.灰心的　rejoice vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜 [动作描写]　forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅，宽恕　cheat vt.欺骗，蒙骗 vi.作弊，舞弊 bow vi.鞠躬　embrace vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
美句 1.In the doorway of a store stood a man，with an unlit cigar in his mouth.(场景描写) 2.The light showed a pale face，with keen eyes，a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow.(外貌描写) 3.About twenty minutes later，a tall man in a long overcoat，with collar turned up to his ears，hurried toward him.(动作描写) 4.The two men walked up the street，arm in arm.(动作描写) 5.Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：笑(二)
单词 1.grin v．& n．咧着嘴笑　2.giggle v．& n．咯咯地笑；傻笑　3.roar v．& n．哄笑，大笑　4.chuckle v．& n．低声轻笑
词块 1.break into a wide grin绽放出大大的笑容　2.grin with delight高兴地咧着嘴笑 3.grin/laugh from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴　4.grin a welcome咧嘴一笑以表欢迎 5.set the table in a roar使满座的人哄堂大笑 6.scream/roar with laughter放声大笑　7.howl with laughter狂笑 8.laugh a loud laugh大笑一声　9.roars of laughter大笑
句型 1.Grinning with delight，he patted me on the shoulder. 他高兴地咧着嘴笑着，拍了拍我的肩膀。 2.Mom glanced in my direction，a smile creeping slowly across her face. 妈妈看了我一眼，一丝微笑慢慢掠过她的脸庞。 3.The class roared with laughter after hearing the joke I told to them. 听完我给他们讲的笑话，全班哄堂大笑。 4.The kids giggled with delight，upon seeing the dog in with the kittens. 看到狗和小猫们在一起，孩子们高兴得咯咯地笑了起来。
语料运用　优秀的品质
When Bob saw the homeless boy enjoying a piece of bread he gave him，①a smile crept slowly across his face(无灵主语)．Bob’s mother stood in the doorway，②grinning with delight(现在分词短语作状语)．“How kind you are，my boy! I’m proud of you！” she said in a delighted voice.“Thank you very much.” Then ③came the voice of the homeless boy(完全倒装)．On hearing the words，④Bob grinned from ear to ear.At the thought of the good deed he had done，he felt proud of himself，⑤his face breaking into a wide grin(独立主格)．
当鲍勃看到那个无家可归的男孩享用他给他的一片面包时，他的脸上慢慢地掠过一丝微笑。鲍勃的母亲站在门口，高兴地咧着嘴笑。“你真的很善良，我的孩子！我以你为荣！”她高兴地说道。“太感谢你了。”这时，传来了那个无家可归男孩的声音。听了这话，鲍勃笑得合不拢嘴。一想到自己做了好事，他为自己感到骄傲，脸上绽放出大大的笑容。
单元主题组合练
(分值：62.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Suppose you’re eager to watch the latest televised sport.Nothing looks more attractive to you than your couch.But you also could use that time to figure out how to complete the home craft project，which will take you at least an hour of watching instructional videos to complete it.You know that you’d feel proud of yourself if you got it done.However，the couch’s attraction becomes too hard to resist.
According to a research，your dilemma is an example of what’s called the “happiness paradox(悖论)．” Simply stated，this is the tendency for people to choose a leisure activity that requires very little effort even though they know that a true mood boost would come from sharpening and applying their skills.Prior research showed that when given a choice，people would rather engage in passive rather than active pursuits during their leisure time.However，it’s an ①unreasonable choice because what will really make you happier is being busy in an activity that allows you to expand and strengthen your skills.
Why would engaging in a more challenging activity increase happiness The answer lies in the concept of “flow”，that is，when you’re using your abilities at their peak，you experience an uprush of happiness that pushes you through a challenging task.You won’t feel that way if you just do the simple task.
Although the couch is inviting compared to a halfway-done project，we still have a way to approach it.You can break the activity down into what can be more ②manageable sections.Looking more realistically at your abilities，and then seeking guidance，you can now feel better about the whole enterprise.
The finding doesn’t mean that you have to abandon your couch all the time when you’ve got a choice about how to use your leisure time.Instead，you could put some variety into your choices.If you had a particularly tough week，either with managing your family or responsibilities at work，it’s fine to take a break.You don’t even need to feel guilty about that occasional use of “me-time.”
语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。文章通过阐述“幸福悖论”这一概念，解释了人们在闲暇时间倾向于选择低努力活动而非能提升技能的活动这一现象，并说明了如何更有效地利用时间以获得更大幸福感，包括采用“心流”理论和合理安排个人时间。
1．What is paragraph 1 about
A．Introducing a project.
B．Defining a concept.
C．Stating a phenomenon.
D．Providing an instruction.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据第一段“Suppose you’re eager to watch the latest televised sport...You know that you’d feel proud of yourself if you got it done.However，the couch’s attraction becomes too hard to resist.”可知，本段通过描述一个人在决定是看电视还是做手工艺项目时的心理斗争，说明了一个普遍现象，即人们在休闲时常常选择无需太多努力的活动，尽管他们知道通过提升和应用技能会带来更多的心情提升。故C选项“Stating a phenomenon.”符合题意。故选C。
2．What is happiness paradox
A．An active pursuit.
B．A conflicting mindset.
C．A leisure activity.
D．An effortless choice.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...your dilemma is an example of what’s called the ‘happiness paradox(悖论)．’ Simply stated，this is the tendency for people to choose a leisure activity that requires very little effort even though they know that a true mood boost would come from sharpening and applying their skills.”可知，“幸福悖论”指的是人们倾向于选择轻松的休闲活动，即使他们明白真正能提升心情的是参与需要技能提升和应用的活动。这是一种矛盾的思维模式。故选B。
3．How can you entertain yourself when doing a challenging task
A．By breaking the task into small units.
B．By stepping out of your comfort zone.
C．By finishing undone project right now.
D．By reducing the variety of your choice.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Although the couch is inviting compared to a halfway-done project，we still have a way to approach it.You can break the activity down into what can be more manageable sections.”可知，面对有挑战性的任务时，可以将其分解为更易于管理的部分来应对。故选A。
4．What does the research show
A．The method of improving skills.
B．The management of responsibility.
C．The happiness from easy activities.
D．The wisdom of using your “me-time”．
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后三段可知，研究显示了应如何智慧地利用个人时间，包括理解在有挑战性的活动中寻找“心流”状态，将任务进行分解以及在需要时合理安排休息并不感到内疚。故D选项“The wisdom of using your ‘me-time’．”符合题意。故选D。
语境猜词 ①unreasonable(派)＝un＋reason＋able adj.不合理的 ②manageable(派)＝manage＋able adj.易管理的；易控制的
B
(2024·河北邯郸三模)
“Individuals of all ages who have empathy understand that sometimes telling little white lies can protect other people from getting hurt，” says Barbara Greenberg，a clinical psychologist in Connecticut.“Most people that I have come across tell these little white lies because they understand that 100 percent honesty all the time is not beneficial.” A white lie，she explains，spares people from unnecessary hurt.
At the same time，Dr.Julia Breur，a marriage and family therapist in Florida，emphasizes the importance of paying attention to the way we respond to someone.The fact is that not telling the truth can result in something unpleasant on you; it’s not just about the person the white lie is being told to.For example，she says someone who always tells others that “all is good” when it comes to a sick parent in an effort to avoid discussions about how serious their health issue really is，can eventually face stressful experiences.When that parent eventually passes away，the person who always gave an “all is good” response ends up emotionally broken.
Sometimes，telling white lies often depends on the situation，Dr.Breur says.For example，consider a woman who has not seen her mother for several months.The daughter has gained noticeable weight，yet the mother responds by excitedly declaring that she looks great.“I emphasize during psychotherapy sessions with my patients that context helps define meaning，” Dr.Breur says.“So when we look at the context of a mother saying you look great when she clearly sees that her daughter has gained weight，it can be acceptable.It reflects the intention of the white lie which is kindness，protection and ①unconditional love.Otherwise，white lies—especially when told to avoid personal ②accountability—can start a cycle of mistrust between people，ultimately compromising integrity，” she adds.
Therefore，it’s important to ask ourselves when it is and isn’t appropriate to deliver the honest truth，and when it’s best to step back and offer a more delicate response.More often than not，it’s about finding a balance between the two.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要阐述了善意的谎言可以让人们免受不必要的伤害，但有时候，善意的谎言往往取决于具体情况。
5．What can be learned about white lies according to Barbara Greenberg
A．They are short-lived.
B．They are unidentifiable.
C．They are trouble-making.
D．They are common.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Most people that I have come across tell these little white lies because they understand that 100 percent honesty all the time is not beneficial.”可知，根据芭芭拉·格林伯格的说法，善意的谎言很常见。故选D。
6．What message does Dr.Breur deliver in paragraph 2
A．White lies can harm both the liars and the listeners.
B．We must respond to our family members truthfully.
C．It’s wrong to tell white lies to a seriously ill parent.
D．The “all is good” response is effective in dealing with patients.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the same time，Dr.Julia Breur...emphasizes the importance of paying attention to the way we respond to someone.The fact is that not telling the truth can result in something unpleasant on you; it’s not just about the person the white lie is being told to.”可知，善意的谎言会给说谎者和听者都带来伤害。故选A。
7．What is Dr.Breur’s attitude towards the mother’s practice in paragraph 3
A．Uncaring. B．Critical.
C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.
答案　C
解析　观点态度题。根据第三段中的“‘I emphasize during psychotherapy sessions with my patients that context helps define meaning，’Dr.Breur says.‘So when we look at the context of a mother saying you look great when she clearly sees that her daughter has gained weight，it can be acceptable.It reflects the intention of the white lie which is kindness，protection and unconditional love...’ she adds.”可知，Breur博士对第三段中那位母亲的做法持支持态度，她认为它反映了善意谎言的意图，即善意、保护和无条件的爱。故选C。
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．East or West，White Lies Are the Best
B．Think Twice Before You Tell White Lies
C．White Lies Signify Unconditional Love
D．White Lies Are Empathetic People’s Favorable Choice
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段可知，本文主要讲了善意的谎言可以让人们免受不必要的伤害，但有时候，善意的谎言往往取决于具体情况。因此，在说善意的谎言之前要三思。故选B。
语境猜词 ①unconditional(派)＝un＋condition＋al adj.无条件的 ②accountability(派)＝account＋ability n．责任
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Time is a valuable resource，especially for those who need to deal with academic demands，personal growth，and social activities at the same time.Effective time management not only leads to increased ①productivity，but reduces stress. 1 Here are some strategies to help young adults master the art of time management.
Setting clear and achievable short-term and long-term goals is essential for youth. 2 They’ll also distribute time accordingly.Whether it’s studying for exams or pursuing personal interests，having well-defined goals provides a sense of direction.Meanwhile，importance levels of tasks can vary.By focusing on key tasks and minimizing time spent on unimportant ones，young adults can ②perfect their time management.
3 It makes efficient use of their time.Whether using a planner or a calendar app scheduling specific blocks of time for different activities，including study time，exercise，socializing，can lead to better time use.
Furthermore，learning to say no is a valuable skill for youth.With numerous opportunities and interests，it’s easy to become overwhelmed.By being selective about commitments，young adults can arrange their time and energy wisely.Saying no to non-essential activities frees up time for important tasks. 4
In the pursuit of personal success，young adults often find themselves caught up in a series of responsibilities and commitments.However，it’s essential for them to recognize that life shouldn’t be like this.Self-care plays a vital role in time management. 5 By ensuring they maintain a healthy work-life balance，young adults can recharge their energy levels，improve focus，and increase productivity.That way，they perfect time usage and pave the way for success.
A．That actually prevents over-commitment.
B．One should constantly review how time is spent.
C．It creates opportunities for personal development as well.
D．Developing a daily schedule helps young adults stay organized.
E．Putting things off constantly is a common time management project.
F．By knowing what they want to accomplish，they can prioritize their tasks.
G．Youth should value adequate rest and activities that promote their well-being.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以帮助年轻人提高效率、减轻压力的时间管理策略。
1．答案　C
解析　根据上文“Effective time management not only leads to increased productivity，but reduces stress.”和下文“Here are some strategies to help young adults master the art of time management.”可知，通过上文介绍时间管理的好处，引出下文介绍时间管理的策略，因此空处应该承接上文，进一步阐述时间管理的好处，C选项“它也为个人发展创造了机会”符合语境，其中的It指代上文中的Effective time management。故选C。
2．答案　F
解析　根据上文“Setting clear and achievable short-term and long-term goals is essential for youth.”可知，设定可实现的短期和长期目标是重要的，且本段末“By focusing on key tasks and minimizing time spent on unimportant ones，young adults can perfect their time management.”表明要聚焦重要的任务，因此空处应对上文“设定目标”做进一步阐述，F选项“通过知道他们想要完成什么，他们可以优先考虑他们的任务”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
3．答案　D
解析　根据下文“It makes efficient use of their time.Whether using a planner or a calendar app scheduling specific blocks of time for different activities，including study time，exercise，socializing，can lead to better time use.”可知，制定计划可以帮助年轻人做事有条理，D选项“制定一个日常时间表有助于年轻人保持有序”引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
4．答案　A
解析　根据上文“By being selective about commitments，young adults can arrange their time and energy wisely.Saying no to non-essential activities frees up time for important tasks.”可知，拒绝不必要的事情可以空出时间去做重要的事，避免在不重要的事情上过度投入。A选项“这实际上可以防止过度投入”承接上文，符合题意，故选A。
5．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Self-care plays a vital role in time management.”及下文“By ensuring they maintain a healthy work-life balance，young adults can recharge their energy levels，improve focus，and increase productivity.”可知，自我爱护是时间管理中的重要一环，年轻人应该维持工作与生活的平衡。G选项“青年应该重视适当的休息和促进他们健康的活动”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
语境猜词 ①productivity(派)＝product＋ive＋ity n．生产效率 ②perfect(转)adj.→v.使完善；使完美
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Changing the world may be impossible，but changing a world is realistic—that’s how Lorenzo Amani looks at life.Amani’s journey from the football team to the 1 world is a story of ①perseverance and personal growth.
Growing up in a military family，Amani experienced frequent moves and 2 requirements，which influenced his character and 3 his capacity to handle stress，particularly in sports. 4 ，a career-ending foot injury in his junior year 5 his dream of football.With the encouragement and assistance of coaches and the staff，Amani 6 his attention on other ②off-field interests—studying at Virginia Tech.“Student athletes at the time didn’t really study abroad，” he said.“We were generally too busy 7 our sport.This was a(n) 8 experience that taught me that we’re all a lot more alike than we are 9 ，even in various corners of the world.”
Following his graduation，Amani decided to 10 others facing the same 11 from college athletics to academics and careers post-college.It’s a(n) 12 many athletes struggle with—fewer than 2 percent of student athletes go on to be professional athletes.
Today，Amani has founded an athleisure clothing company，with a(n) 13 to contributing a portion of its profits to organizations that offer education training to minorities.Additionally，he remains devoted to 14 individuals，helping develop their leadership skills and financial literacy.
Amani’s experience proves that as long as we 15 setbacks bravely，we can change not just our own world，but the world of others as well.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Lorenzo Amani因为脚伤足球梦中断以后，重新将注意力集中在其他场外兴趣上——在弗吉尼亚理工大学学习，并最终转向了商界，致力于帮助他人。
1．A.science B．business
C．fashion D．sport
答案　B
解析　science科学；business生意；fashion时尚；sport运动。后文“Amani has founded an athleisure clothing company”提到阿曼尼创立了一家运动休闲服装公司，由此可知此处表示从足球队转到商界。故选B。
2．A.regular B．major
C．illegal D．strict
答案　D
解析　regular定期的；major主要的；illegal非法的；strict严格的。根据前文“Growing up in a military family”可知，在一个军人家庭长大，阿曼尼经历了频繁的搬家和严格的要求，故选D。
3．A.appreciated B．enhanced
C．covered D．restricted
答案　B
解析　appreciate感激；enhance加强；cover覆盖；restrict限制。根据后文“his capacity to handle stress，particularly in sports”可知，此处指频繁的搬家和严格的要求增强了他处理压力的能力，尤其是在运动方面。故选B。
4．A.Additionally B．Eventually
C．Nevertheless D．Instead
答案　C
解析　additionally此外；eventually最后；nevertheless然而；instead相反。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless。故选C。
5．A.stopped B．inspired
C．presented D．interpreted
答案　A
解析　stop停止；inspire鼓舞；present展示；interpret解释。根据前文“a career-ending foot injury in his junior year”可知，一场结束他职业生涯的脚伤阻止了他的足球梦。故选A。
6．A.recalled B．removed
C．repeated D．refocused
答案　D
解析　recall回想起；remove去除；repeat重复；refocus使重新集中。根据后文“his attention on other off-field interests—studying at Virginia Tech”以及前文提到他的足球梦中断了，可知阿曼尼重新将注意力集中在其他场外兴趣上——在弗吉尼亚理工大学学习。故选D。
7．A.referring to B．summing up
C．competing in D．contrasting with
答案　C
解析　refer to参考；sum up总结；compete in参加比赛；contrast with与……形成对比。根据前文“Student athletes at the time didn’t really study abroad”可知，学生运动员没有出国的原因是忙着比赛。故选C。
8．A.normal B．fantastic
C．relevant D．adventurous
答案　B
解析　normal正常的；fantastic极好的，奇妙的；relevant有关的；adventurous冒险的。根据后文“taught me that we’re all a lot more alike than we are”可知，这次经历教会了他人生道理，所以是奇妙的。故选B。
9．A.popular B．attractive
C．familiar D．different
答案　D
解析　popular受欢迎的；attractive吸引人的；familiar熟悉的；different不同的。根据前文“we’re all a lot more alike than we are”可知，与相似之处对应的是不同之处。故选D。
10．A.assist B．satisfy
C．inform D．ignore
答案　A
解析　assist帮助；satisfy满足；inform通知；ignore忽视。根据后文“others facing the same from...”并结合语境可知，此处指阿曼尼决定帮助其他同样面临转型的人。故选A。
11．A.strategy B．choice
C．structure D．transformation
答案　D
解析　strategy策略；choice选择；structure结构；transformation改观，转换。根据后文“from college athletics to academics and careers post-college”可知，此处指职业的转换。故选D。
12．A.convention B．examination
C．challenge D．attitude
答案　C
解析　convention传统；examination考试；challenge挑战；attitude态度。根据后文“fewer than 2 percent of student athletes go on to be professional athletes”可知，只有不到2%的学生运动员能成为职业运动员，这说明许多运动员面对难以克服的挑战。故选C。
13．A.barrier B．commitment
C．assumption D．adaptation
答案　B
解析　barrier障碍；commitment承诺；assumption假定；adaptation改编。根据后文“to contributing a portion of its profits to organizations that offer education training to minorities”可知，此处指公司承诺将部分利润捐给为少数民族提供教育培训的组织。故选B。
14．A.guiding B．appreciating
C．persuading D．reminding
答案　A
解析　guide指导；appreciate感激；persuade说服；remind提醒。根据后文“helping develop their leadership skills and financial literacy”可知，他仍然致力于指导个人，帮助发展他们的领导技能和金融知识。故选A。
15．A.check B．recognize
C．hug D．observe
答案　C
解析　check检查；recognize认出；hug拥抱；observe观察。根据后文“setbacks bravely”和前文对阿曼尼的经历的描写可知，此处指只要我们勇敢地拥抱挫折，我们不仅可以改变自己的世界，也可以改变别人的世界。故选C。
语境猜词 ①perseverance(派)＝persever(e)＋ance n．毅力 ②off-field(合)＝off＋field adj.场外的
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2023·全国甲)
For thousands of years，people have told fables(寓言) 1.__________(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures，and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2.____________(six) century，B.C.Yet，the form of the fable still has values today,3.__________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”．
Carson uses a simple，direct style common to fables.In fact，her style and tone(口吻) are seemingly directed at children.“There was once a town in the heart of America,4.____________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful ①co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins,5.____________(borrow) some familiar words from many ②age-old fables.Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message 6.____________(intend) for everyone.
7．____________(difference) from traditional fables，Carson’s story ends with an ③accusation instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society，and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8.____________ saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However，Carson’s theme is a more weighty 9.____________(warn) about environmental destruction. arson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10.____________(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以蕾切尔·卡逊的作品为例介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
1．答案　to teach
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处与to pass on wisdom并列作目的状语。故填to teach。
2．答案　sixth
解析　考查序数词。空前有定冠词the，空后是名词century，所以空处要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
3．答案　as
解析　考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as。故填as。
4．答案　where
解析　考查定语从句。句中先行词为town，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
5．答案　borrowing
解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以此处用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
6．答案　intended
解析　考查非谓语动词。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
7．答案　Different
解析　考查形容词。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Different。
8．答案　for
解析　考查介词。take responsibility for对……负责，为固定搭配。故填for。
9．答案　warning
解析　考查名词。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，此处用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。
10．答案　be employed
解析　考查动词的语态。宾语从句的主语a simple literary form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。
语境猜词 ①co-existence(派)＝co＋existence n．共处；共存 ②age-old(合)＝age＋old adj.古老的；由来已久的 ③accusation(派)＝accus(e)＋ation n．控告，指责，谴责(共101张PPT)
Honesty and responsibility
选择性必修第四册　 Unit 1
内容索引
过基础　知识排查
查重点　夯基固本
提能力　主题写作
过基础　知识排查
Part One
含义
adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才
词汇
barely
必备词汇
延伸
拓展
bare adj.仅够的；裸露的；光秃秃的；空的
含义
n.雪茄烟
词汇
cigar
过关
含义
拆毁，拆除
词汇
tear down
含义
adj.灵敏的，敏锐的 ；渴望，热切，热衷于；浓厚的
词汇
keen
延伸
拓展
be keen on sth对某事物感兴趣或热衷
be keen to do sth渴望做某事
含义
n.伤疤；(精神上的)创伤；污点
词汇
scar
含义
n.眉毛
词汇
eyebrow
含义
n.领带别针，围巾夹
词汇
scarfpin
含义
成功立业，发财
词汇
make one’s fortune
含义
adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的
词汇
reliable
延伸
拓展
rely vi.依靠；依赖
[派]reliability n.可靠性
rely on/upon依赖；依靠；信赖
含义
失去联系
词汇
lose contact
含义
adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的
词汇
worthwhile
延伸
拓展
It is worthwhile doing sth/to do sth.做某事是值得的。
含义
n.衣领；颈圈；圈，箍
词汇
collar
含义
vt.祝福
词汇
bless
延伸
拓展
[派]blessing n.祝福；好事；准许
含义
n.英寸；少量，短距离
v.(使朝某方向)谨慎移动
词汇
inch
含义
vt.概述，略述
n.概述；轮廓线，略图
词汇
outline
延伸
拓展
inch by inch缓慢而谨慎地；一步一步
含义
n.& vt.逮捕，拘捕
v.吸引(注意)
词汇
arrest
延伸
拓展
under arrest被逮捕
arrest one’s attention吸引某人的注意力
含义
vt.给(某人)打电报；接通(电源)
n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网
词汇
wire
延伸
拓展
[派]wiring n.(供电)线路
含义
n.罪犯
adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的
词汇
criminal
延伸
拓展
crime n.犯罪活动，罪行；罪
含义
adv.不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地
词汇
anyhow
含义
adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的
n.无辜者，单纯的人
词汇
innocent
延伸
拓展
be innocent of (doing) sth无罪的
[派]innocence n.天真 ；清白
含义
adj.合法的；法律的
词汇
legal
延伸
拓展
[派]illegal adj.不合法的；违法的
legally adv.法律上，合法地
illegally adv.违法地，非法地
含义
n.道德原则；法则；信条
词汇
principle
延伸
拓展
in principle理论上；大体上
含义
adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的
词汇
decent
含义
n.(责任、义务等的)重担，负担
v.(使)担负
词汇
burden
含义
n.地球物理学家
词汇
geophysicist
含义
adj.核心的，最重要的 n.核心，最重要的部分
词汇
core
延伸
拓展
at the core of在……的核心
含义
adj.社会主义的
n.社会主义者
词汇
socialist
延伸
拓展
social adj.社会的；社交的
[派]society n.社会
socialism n.社会主义
socialize/socialise vi.交往 vt.使适应社会
含义
vt.& vi.辞职，辞去
词汇
resign
延伸
拓展
resign from...从……辞职
resign oneself to sth听任；只好接受；顺从
含义
adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的
词汇
substantial
延伸
拓展
substance n.物质；物品；事实根据
含义
adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的
词汇
superb
含义
n.摄影师，拍照者
词汇
photographer
延伸
拓展
photograph n.照片 vt.拍照
[派]photography n.摄影；摄影术
含义
vt.欺骗，蒙骗
vi.作弊，舞弊
n.作弊者，骗子 ；欺骗手段
词汇
cheat
延伸
拓展
cheat sb out of sth骗取某人某物
含义
vt.包，裹；用……缠绕
n.披肩，围巾 ；包裹材料
词汇
wrap
含义
n.包裹，小包；一块地
vt.裹好，打包
词汇
parcel
含义
n.蝴蝶结 ；弓；琴弓
vi.鞠躬；低(头)
词汇
bow
含义
n.侄子，外甥
词汇
nephew
含义
n.皱纹；褶皱，皱痕
vt.起皱纹，皱起，起褶皱
词汇
wrinkle
含义
vi.停顿，暂停
n.停顿，停顿的时间
词汇
pause
含义
vi.& vt.(sewed，sewn)缝，做针线活；缝上
词汇
sew
含义
vt.& vi.欣然接受 ；包含；拥抱
词汇
embrace
含义
n.阶段，时期
词汇
phase
含义
n.锚；给以安全感的人(或物)
vi.& vt.抛锚；使固定
词汇
anchor
含义
adv.同样地；也，而且
词汇
likewise
含义
n.最后期限，截止日期
词汇
deadline
含义
n.指导；导航
词汇
guidance
延伸
拓展
guide vt.带领；引导 n.向导
under the guidance of sb在某人的指导下
含义
n.过错，责任；弱点，缺点
词汇
fault
含义
n.美德；正直的品性；优点
词汇
virtue
延伸
拓展
find fault with挑……的毛病
at fault有责任；有错
含义
n.诚实正直；完整，完好
词汇
integrity
含义
adj.有机的，统一的；绿色的；生物的
词汇
organic
延伸
拓展
organ n.器官；机构 ；风琴
含义
n.垃圾；废话
词汇
garbage
含义
n.节省物，节省；储蓄金
词汇
saving
延伸
拓展
save vt.节省；保存；储蓄；拯救
含义
n.意外收获；奖金，红利
词汇
bonus
含义
使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
词汇
weigh on sb/sth
含义
n.收成，收获量；收获季节，收割
vt.& vi.收割，捕猎
词汇
harvest
含义
vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜
词汇
rejoice
含义
n.引语，原话
vt.& vi.引用，引述；举例说明
词汇
quote
含义
adj.灰心的，泄气的
词汇
discouraged
延伸
拓展
discourage vt.阻止，使气馁
[派]discouraging adj.使人灰心的，使人泄气的
discouragement n.泄气，灰心
形容词后缀-ing/-ed：-ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人的感受，如：discouraged是由动词discourage＋-ed组成，译为“灰心的，泄气的”。类似的还有：excited，frightened，interested，delighted，moved，amazed，surprised等。-ing结尾的形容词多用来修饰事物，表示事物具有令人产生某种情绪的特征，如：exciting，frightening，interesting，moving，amazing，surprising等。
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
(1)So were we that we didn’t believe the news was true.(shock)
(2)All of us were by the questions raised by a six-year-old boy.(puzzle)
(3)The teacher is with our performance in class，which can be seen from her expression on her face.(satisfy)
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
shocked
shocking
puzzled
puzzling
satisfied
satisfying
satisfied
1.When I looked at the grade on my math paper，my jaw almost dropped to the ground.
2.I have resolved to buy a diamond ring to propose to my girlfriend at the approaching evening party.
3.When I told them I was thirsty，they went and got me a bottle of mineral water.
4.In the oceans，you can find starfish and sea horses，which are interesting and beautiful sea animals.
______
______
______
______
阅读词汇
识记
下巴
矿物
海星
钻石
5.The first chopsticks were made from bone and jade.
6.An important goal of our suggestions is to avoid solutions that sow the seeds of the next crisis.
7.We assigned a few student representatives to head for the ward to visit our sick headmaster.
_____
_____
______
玉
种
病房
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
探究
重点词汇
appointment
1
n.约定，约会；任命，委任；职务(appoint vt.任命；委派；安排 appointed adj.指定的，约定的)
·make/have an appointment with sb与某人约会/约定
keep/break an appointment守/违约
·appoint sb (as/to be)...任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事
(1)Having made an with the dentist，I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the time.
(appoint)
appointment
appointed
(2)得知他被任命为队长后，他抑制不住激动之情，雀跃着进了家门。(读后续写之动作＋心理描写)
Learning that ，he couldn’t contain his excitement and danced into the house.
(3)他是个可靠的人，总是守约，从不失约。(话题写作之人物介绍)
He is a reliable man who ______________________________________
.
he was appointed (as/to be) captain of the team
always keeps an appointment and never
breaks an appointment
suspect
suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做)某事
suspect sb to be...怀疑某人是……
suspect that...怀疑/认为……
vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象
(1)Suspected (be) a suspect，the stranger is being questioned by the police.
(2)玛丽怀疑汤姆弄坏了她的蝴蝶结，这让汤姆怒火中烧。
______________________________________________________________
___________________，which made Tom boil with anger.
2
to be
Mary suspected Tom of breaking her bow/Mary suspected that Tom had broken her bow
guilty
adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的(guilt n.内疚；犯罪；有罪)
(1)I felt guilty my rudeness to my friend and I must apologize to him.
for/at/about
3
·be guilty of...犯有……罪
be/feel guilty for/at/about...为/对……感到内疚
·out of guilt出于愧疚
with guilt内疚地
(2)Lowering my head guilt，I carefully put the paintings into an envelope，hoping this would be an icebreaker.(读后续写之情绪描写)
(3)我从心底里感到既内疚又高兴。(读后续写之情绪描写)
came from the bottom of my heart.
(4)出于愧疚，我向我的老师进行解释，并保证这种事情不会再发生。(读后续写之情绪描写)
，I explained to my teacher and promised this would never happen again.
with
A mixture of guilt and delight
Out of guilt
ashamed
adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬(shame n.羞耻，惭愧 shameful adj.可耻的 shameless adj.不知羞耻的)
(1)What shame! All my efforts turned out to be in vain.
(2)It is unnecessary to be ashamed our shortcomings，our faults or our failures.(应用文写作之建议信)
a
4
of
·be/feel ashamed of...为……而感到羞耻
be ashamed to do sth羞于做某事
·It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾。
What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
(3)真遗憾你住那么远，否则我们就可以经常见面了。
you live at such a distance；otherwise we could see each other often.
(4)看到这个令人失望的结果我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，泪水模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之心理描写)
① I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes.
② I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(倒装句)
It’s a shame that
I was so ashamed to see the disappointing result that
So ashamed was I to see the disappointing result that
forgive
原谅某人(做)某事
forgive and forget摒弃前嫌
vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)
(forgiveness n.原谅；宽恕)
5
(1)I’m writing to apologize to you，hoping you could forgive me my impolite behavior.(应用文写作之道歉信)
for
Tforgive sb sth
forgive sb for (doing) sth
forgive sb’s doing sth
(2)众所周知，不计前嫌是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会中。(读后续写之主旨升华)
As is known to all， ，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.
it’s a virtue to forgive and forget
disappointed
·be disappointed at/by/in/with...对……失望
be disappointed to do...因做……而失望
·to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
adj.失望的，沮丧的(disappointment n.[U]失望；[C]令人失望的人或事物disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappoint v.使失望)
6
(1)To my ，the outcome of the project was ，leaving everyone in the team feeling .(disappoint)
disappointment
disappointing
disappointed
(2)我很失望地发现，我被指派和一个极其争强好胜且严肃的家伙一起工作，我几乎要哭了。虽然我对这个结果感到失望，但我必须鼓起勇气，坚持到底。
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
I I was assigned to work with the fiercely competitive and serious guy and I was on the edge of crying.While I ，I had to pluck up my courage and tough it out.
was disappointed to find that
was disappointed at/by/in/with the result
pretend
·pretend
·后接to do/to be doing/to have done的动词还有happen(碰巧)、appear(看似)、
seem(似乎)、claim(声称)等。
vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
7
to be＋n./adj.假装是……
to do sth假装做某事
to be doing sth假装正在做某事
to have done sth假装已经做过某事
that...假装……
(1)说实话，当时我有一种巨大的失落感。但我还是勉强地笑了笑，假装很欣赏它。(读后续写之情绪描写)
Honestly，I felt a huge sense of loss at that time.Yet I managed to force a weak smile and .
(2)他拖着脚走进教室，打开一本书假装在看，窘迫的眼泪掉在打开的书页上。(读后续写之动作描写)
He dragged his feet into the classroom，opened a book and _________
，with tears of embarrassment dropping onto the open page.
pretended to appreciate it
pretended
to be reading it
(3)当他父亲回来时，男孩把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。
The boy buried his head under the quilt，________________________
when his father came back.
(4)她决定记住她的班级在哪里，然后假装其他地方不存在。
(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)
She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then
.
pretending to have fallen
asleep
pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist
privilege
·have the privilege to do sth/of doing sth有做某事的特权/很荣幸做某事
It is a privilege (for sb) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是个荣幸。
·be/feel privileged to do sth很荣幸做某事
n.荣幸；特殊利益 vt.给予特权，特别优待(privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的；荣幸的)
8
(1)我很荣幸能站在这里发表关于成为聪明的在线学习者的演讲。
(2021·全国乙，发言稿)
to stand here to deliver a speech on being smart online learners.
It is a privilege for me/I feel/am privileged
(2)有幸参加这个研讨会，我相信这将极大地丰富我作为交换生的经历。
(2023·天津，申请信)
Having the privilege ，I do believe it will greatly enrich my experience as an exchange student.
to take part in/of taking part in the workshop
mercy
at the mercy of任……处置，对……无能为力
show mercy to对……怜悯/宽恕
have mercy on/upon对……怜悯/宽恕
without mercy毫不怜悯地
n.仁慈，宽恕(merciful adj.仁慈的，怜悯的 merciless adj.无情的)
9
(1)The blistering noonday sun beat down on them mercy but they didn’t give up.
without
(2)在大风的摆布下，山顶上的小树都站不直了。
，the young trees on the top of the mountain couldn’t stand up straight.
(3)尽管梅雷迪思一家不富裕，但他们同情穷人，总是愿意在任何可能的时候伸出援手。
Although the Merediths weren’t well off，they ____________________
and were always willing to extend a supporting
hand whenever possible.
At the mercy of the strong wind
showed mercy to/had
mercy on/upon the poor
arm in arm
hand in hand手牵手
face to face面对面
back to back背靠背
shoulder to shoulder＝side by side肩并肩
eyes to eyes四目相对
heart to heart心贴心
step by step一步一步地
臂挽着臂
10
(1)看着那对老夫妇手挽着手沿着海滩散步，我有一种幸福的感觉。(读后续写之场景描写)
Watching the old couple gave me a sense of happiness.
(2)他羞愧地来到老师的办公室，当面请求史密斯先生的原谅。(读后续写之心理描写)
Guilty and ashamed，he came into his teacher’s office to ___________
.
walking along the beach arm in arm
beg for Mr
Smith’s forgiveness face to face
(3)这名消防员受了重伤，与同伴失去了联系，他站了起来，一步一步地向出口走去。
The firefighter，severely injured and losing contact with his fellows，
stood on his feet and .
walked towards the exit step by step
1
In the doorway of a store stood a man，with an unlit cigar in his mouth.(介词短语位于句首的完全倒装)
商店门口站着一个男人，嘴里叼着一支没有点燃的雪茄。
...you will encounter many difficult situations where things may go wrong.(先行词为situation，where引导定语从句)
……你们会遇到许多困难的情况，在这些情况下事情可能会出错。
2
悟通
经典句式
3
Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be.(however引导让步状语从句)
无论你们打算做什么，无论会有多困难，都要全力以赴去做。
Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
今天播下成功的种子，明天你们的收获将是巨大的。
4
·“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。其中祈
使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。
·“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more，
another等词。
·“祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语从句＋主句”。
(1)Another chance， I will make the most of every minute to go all out to make dreams come true.
and
(2)此外，尽量与你的朋友分享你的喜与忧，否则你会感到孤独。(应用文写作之建议信)
What’s more，_______________________________________________
____________________________.
try to share your joys and sorrows with your friends，otherwise/or you will feel lonely
(3)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。(话题写作之语言学习)
① ，and you can improve your written English with ease.
② ，you can improve your written English with ease.
Keep a diary in English every day
If you keep a diary in English every day
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.cigar
2.eyebrow
3.geophysicist
4.core
5.ward
6.embrace
7.anchor
8.rejoice
词汇默写
默写巩固
_________
_______
_______________
________________________________________
_______
____________________________
_____________________________________________
__________________________
n.雪茄烟
n.眉毛
n.地球物理学家
adj.核心的，最重要的n.核心，最重要的部分
n.病房
vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
n.锚；给以安全感的人(或物) vi.& vt.抛锚；使固定
vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜
Ⅱ.重点单词
1.______ adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于
2.__________ adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的
3.________ vt.& vi.疑有，觉得
n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象
4._______ n.& vt.逮捕，拘捕
v.吸引(注意)
5.________ n.(义务、责任等的)重担，负担
v.(使)担负
keen
worthwhile
suspect
arrest
burden
6.______ vt.& vi.辞职，辞去
7.______ vt.欺骗，蒙骗
vi.作弊，舞弊
n.作弊者，骗子
8.________ vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
9.________ n.最后期限，截止日期
10.______ n.过错，责任；弱点，缺点
resign
cheat
pretend
deadline
fault
11._______ n.收成，收获量；收获季节，收割
vt.& vi.收割，捕猎
12.______ vi.停顿，暂停
n.停顿，停顿的时间
harvest
pause
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1.____________ n.约定，约会；任命，委任；职务
→________ vt.安排；任命
→__________ adj.指定的，约定的
2.______ adj.合法的；法律的
→_______ adj.不合法的；违法的
→_______ adv.法律上，合法地
→________ adv.违法地，非法地
appointment
appoint
appointed
legal
illegal
legally
illegally
3.________ adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者
→______ adj.社会的；社交的
→_______ n.社会
→_________ n.社会主义
4._____________ n.摄影师，拍照者
→_____________ n.摄影；摄影术
5._______ adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的
→______ n.内疚；犯罪；有罪
socialist
social
society
socialism
photographer
photography
guilty
guilt
6.________ v.原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)
→___________ n.原谅；宽恕
forgive
forgiveness
Ⅳ.核心短语
1.____________ 被逮捕
2.___________ 使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
3.__________ 拆毁，拆除
4.__________________ 成功立业；发财
5.______________________ 令某人感到失望的是
6.____________ 失去联系
under arrest
weigh on...
tear down
make one’s fortune
to one’s disappointment
lose contact
语境运用
默写巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Learning you are keen classical literature，I’m writing to invite you to attend our workshop.
2.He was to have done such a thing in public.(shame)
3.She is so a lady that she often shows to the homeless and the disabled.(mercy)
4. principle，there is nothing that a human can do that a machine might not be able to do one day.
on
ashamed
merciful
shameful
mercy
In
5.Right after the accident，everyone argued over who was fault.
6.To my ，I saw a expression on his face due to his test scores.(disappoint)
7.I think your friend Li Ming is (rely)，and you may rely on ___
that he can offer you a hand whenever you’re in trouble.
8.Without your and encouragement，we couldn’t have made such great progress，so we decide to engage you as our .(guide)
at
disappointment
disappointed
reliable
it
guidance
guide
9.Don’t feel by the news because your
may have a bad effect on you.(discourage)
10.From her face，we can’t find anything bad about her，and furthermore the new evidence will make sure of her .
(innocence)
discouraged
discouragement
discouraging
innocent
innocence
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.作为晨光中学的一员，我感到很荣幸能够解决一个问题——我们对低碳校园的承诺。(privilege，it作形式宾语) Being a member of Chenguang Middle School,1.______________________________
—our commitment to a low-carbon campus.
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)
issue
I feel it a privilege to address an
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.尽管我们不断努力，我们仍然见证了与低碳生活的概念和原则相矛盾的现象。(principle，that引导的定语从句) Despite our continuous efforts，we still witness phenomena 2._____________________________
.
that contradict the concept and
principles of low-carbon living
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
3.我们不应假装什么都没有发生，现在是我们立即采取行动的时候了。(pretend，宾语从句) 3.___________________________________
and it is high time that we took immediate action.Always remember to turn off the lights and taps while they are not in use，and limit the use of disposable chopsticks and plastic bags.
We should not pretend that nothing has
happened
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
4.事实上，无论我们做什么，我们每个人都可以成为一个改变者，给我们的校园带来难以置信的巨大改变。(whatever引导让步状语从句) Actually,4. ，each of us can be a change-maker and make an unbelievably great difference to our campus.
whatever we do
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
5.携手努力，我们将把我们的校园变成一个更加绿色、更加清洁的地方。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) 5._________________________________
a greener，and cleaner place.
Thank you for your attention.
Make efforts hand in hand and we will
返 回
transform our campus into
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
查重点　夯基固本
Part Two
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.He outlined① the essay，drawing an outline② of its structure on the board，and his perfect outline③ was met with thunderous applause.
①________　②_______________　③_______
2.Not only does the guy cheat① old people out of money but he also cheats② in examinations.The teenage cheat③ will be punished for his cheat④.
①_______　②_______　③_______　④_____________
vt.概述
n.轮廓线，略图
n.概述
v.欺骗
v.作弊
n.骗子
n.欺诈(行为)
3.The adorable girl wearing a beautiful bow① on her head took the bow②，bowed③ deep and then began to play the violin.
①_________　②_______　③________
4.With a keen① eye for detail，he pursued his keen② interest in photography，always keen③ to capture life’s fleeting moments.
①___________________　②___________　③_________
5.The skin on her cheeks and around her eyes was beginning to wrinkle① and she was frustrated with those wrinkles②.
①__________　②________
n.蝴蝶结
n.琴弓
vi.鞠躬
adj.灵敏的，敏锐的
adj.浓厚的
adj.渴望
vi.起皱纹
n.皱纹
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.When her father called her，she pretended (fall) asleep.
2.To pursue more money，some people killed endangered animals
mercy.
3. is a great privilege for me to show you around the heritage sites in our city.
4.Seize the chance to consult the specialist face to face， you will regret it.
to have fallen
without
or
It
5.Considering he is a green hand，we should forgive him making such mistakes.
6.In front of our school (stand) a tower which is famous for its splendid scene.
7.The criminal didn’t have any time to react before the policemen stormed in and placed him arrest.
8.Only when all of us join hand hand to ban noise pollution at all levels can we have a better environment.
for
stands
under
in
9. strange this experience was，I understood the meaning of this sentence at least：think before you leap.
10.It is worthwhile (point) out that heating may bring about certain change in the structure of any material.
However
pointing/to point
Ⅲ.语法填空　语境串记单元词汇
A socialist’s nephew was keen on making his fortune to relieve his family of financial burden.At first，he worked at a mineral water factory.1. ，the bonus made him discouraged and his income
2. (bare) supported his family.As 3. result，he resigned.From then on，the socialist lost contact with him.
However
barely
a
Two years later，the socialist was informed that his nephew 4._____
(suspect) of being involved in a diamond and jade theft.
5. (hear) the disappointing news，the socialist was 6.__________
(shame) and determined that he would send him to prison without mercy.
It was just two months later 7. the suspect made an 8.____________
(appoint) with his uncle secretly.On seeing his nephew，the socialist who always stuck to principles tried to persuade him 9.____________________
(acknowledge) his criminal conduct.
was
suspected
Hearing
appointment
ashamed
that
to acknowledge
Watching the wrinkles on his uncle’s face，the young man felt guilty about his illegal acts and 10. (admit) his fault.In the end，they went to the police station arm in arm and his nephew was arrested.
admitted
返 回
提能力　主题写作
Part Three
应用文增分练
优秀的品质
你校正在组织英语演讲比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为话题，写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1.人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴他/她的原因。
1.我很荣幸能站在这里发表一篇关于我最尊敬的人的演讲。(privilege，it作形式主语)
_____________________________________________________________
2.说到我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的叔叔。他总是热衷于帮助别人。(keen，非限制性定语从句)
_____________________________________________________________
3.他既热心又值得信赖，总是第一个向有困难的人伸出援手。(reliable，形容词短语作状语，动词不定式作后置定语)
_____________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
4.每当我灰心丧气时，正是他不遗余力地帮助我克服困难。(discouraged，whenever引导状语从句，强调句型)
_____________________________________________________________
5.在他的指导下，我明白了为改变世界做一些事情是值得的。(guidance，worthwhile)
_____________________________________________________________
6.这就是我的叔叔，一个正派的人，从他身上我学会了如何成为一个品德高尚的人。(decent，virtue，完全倒装句，“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
_____________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
Hello，everyone，
It is a privilege for me to stand here to deliver a speech about the person I respect most.When it comes to the person I respect most，I have to mention my uncle，who is always keen on helping others.
Warm-hearted and reliable，he is always the first man to give a helping hand to those in need.Whenever I am discouraged，it is he that/who spares no effort to assist me to overcome/in overcoming the difficulties.Under the guidance of him，I have learned that it’s worthwhile to do/doing something to make a difference to the world.
应用文增分练
参考范文
Such is my uncle，a decent man，from whom I learned how to be a man with great virtue.
Thank you for your listening.
亮词 [情感描写]　keen adj.渴望，热切，热衷于　burden n.重担，负担　guilty adj.感到内疚/惭愧的；有罪的　ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬　disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的　mercy n.仁慈，宽恕→merciful adj.仁慈的　discouraged adj.灰心的　rejoice vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜
[动作描写]　forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅，宽恕　cheat vt.欺骗，蒙骗 vi.作弊，舞弊　bow vi.鞠躬　embrace vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
美句 1.In the doorway of a store stood a man，with an unlit cigar in his mouth.(场景描写)
2.The light showed a pale face，with keen eyes，a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow.(外貌描写)
3.About twenty minutes later，a tall man in a long overcoat，with collar turned up to his ears，hurried toward him.(动作描写)
4.The two men walked up the street，arm in arm.(动作描写)
5.Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.(主旨升华)
情感细节描写：笑(二)
单词 1.grin v.& n.咧着嘴笑　2.giggle v.& n.咯咯地笑；傻笑　3.roar v.& n.哄笑，大笑　4.chuckle v.& n.低声轻笑
词块 1.break into a wide grin绽放出大大的笑容　
2.grin with delight高兴地咧着嘴笑
3.grin/laugh from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴　
4.grin a welcome咧嘴一笑以表欢迎
5.set the table in a roar使满座的人哄堂大笑
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
词块 6.scream/roar with laughter放声大笑　
7.howl with laughter狂笑
8.laugh a loud laugh大笑一声　9.roars of laughter大笑
句型 1.Grinning with delight，he patted me on the shoulder.
他高兴地咧着嘴笑着，拍了拍我的肩膀。
2.Mom glanced in my direction，a smile creeping slowly across her face.
妈妈看了我一眼，一丝微笑慢慢掠过她的脸庞。
句型 3.The class roared with laughter after hearing the joke I told to them.
听完我给他们讲的笑话，全班哄堂大笑。
4.The kids giggled with delight，upon seeing the dog in with the kittens.
看到狗和小猫们在一起，孩子们高兴得咯咯地笑了起来。
优秀的品质
When Bob saw the homeless boy enjoying a piece of bread he gave him，①________________________________(无灵主语).Bob’s mother stood in the doorway，② (现在分词短语作状语).
当鲍勃看到那个无家可归的男孩享用他给他的一片面包时，他的脸上慢慢地掠过一丝微笑。鲍勃的母亲站在门口，高兴地咧着嘴笑。
续写积累提能练
语料运用
a smile crept slowly across his face
grinning with delight
“How kind you are，my boy! I’m proud of you！” she said in a delighted voice.“Thank you very much.” Then ③_____________________________
(完全倒装).On hearing the words，④ .
came the voice of the homeless boy
“你真的很善良，我的孩子！我以你为荣！”她高兴地说道。“太感谢你了。”这时，传来了那个无家可归男孩的声音。听了这话，鲍勃笑得合不拢嘴。
Bob grinned from ear to ear
At the thought of the good deed he had done，he felt proud of himself，⑤ (独立主格).
一想到自己做了好事，他为自己感到骄傲，脸上绽放出大大的笑容。
his face breaking into a wide grin
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