资源简介

UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.gesture n.　　　　 手势;姿势;姿态
2.identical adj. 相同的
3.interpret vt. 把……理解(解释)为
vi.& vt. 口译
4.waist n. 腰;腰部
5.fake adj. 假装的;假的;冒充的
6.trial n.& v. 审讯;审判;试验;试用
7.nonverbal adj. 不涉及言语的;非言语的
8.reveal vt. 揭示;显示;露出
9.tick vt. 给(试卷、问题等)打钩号
vi. (钟表)发出嘀嗒声
n. 钩号
10.chin n. 下巴
11.distract vt. 分散(注意力);使分心
12.intervene vi. 干预;介入
ponent n. 组成部分;零件
14.tone n. 语气;腔调;口吻
15.slump vi. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a witness to the accident 事故的一位目击证人
2.brush her cheek 轻抚她的面颊
3.bow her head 低下她的头
4.break down the barrier 打破障碍
5.an unforgettable incident 一次难忘的事件
6.his twin brother 他的孪生兄弟
7.internal structure/relation 内部结构/内在联系
8.pose a challenge 构成挑战
9.bend down 弯腰
10.clarify one’s stand 阐明某人的立场
11.lower price 降价
12.stare blankly 茫然地盯着看
13.glass ceiling 玻璃天花板
14.perceive a change 察觉到改变
15.hit him in the chest 击中了他的胸部
16.don’t bother 不必麻烦
17.start to weep 开始哭了起来
e into a conflict 产生冲突
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.interaction n.　　　 交流;相互影响
interact vi. 相互交流;相互影响
2.appropriate adj. 合适的;恰当的
appropriately adv. 适当地;合适地
3.vary vi. (根据情况)变化;改变
various adj. 不同的;各种各样的
variety n. 多样性;变化;种类
4.approve vi. 赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过
approval n. 赞成;同意;批准;通过;认可
approving adj. 同意的;赞成的
5.demonstrate vt. 表现;表达;说明;证明
demonstration n. 显示,展示;演示,表示
6.employ vt. 使用;应用;雇用
employee n. 雇员;受雇者
employer n. 雇主;雇用者
employment n. 雇用;聘用
7.differ vi. 相异;不同于
different adj. 不同的;有差异的
difference n. 差别;差异
8.favour (NAmE-vor) vt. 较喜欢;选择;有利于
n. 帮助;恩惠;赞同
favourable adj. 赞成的;有利的
favourite adj. 最喜欢的
9.anger n. 愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒
angry adj. 生气的;愤怒的
angrily adv. 生气地;愤怒地
10.reliable adj. 可靠的;可信赖的
rely vi. 依赖;信赖
11.slight adj. 轻微的;略微的;细小的
slightly adv. 略微;稍微
12.assess vt. 评估;评价
assessment n. 评价;评定
13.educator n. 教师;教育工作者;教育家
educate vt. 教育
educated adj. 受过教育的;有教养的
education n. 教育
14.tendency n. 趋势;倾向
tend vt.& vi. 照料;护理
vi. 倾向于;有……的趋势
15.barely adv. 几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚
bare adj. 赤裸的;光秃秃的;空的
16.occupy vt. 占据;占用
occupied adj. 使用中;忙于;被占领的
occupation n. 占领;职业
17.imply vt. 意味着;暗示
implication n. 暗示,暗指
18.distinguish vi.& vt. 区分;辨别
distinguished adj. 卓越的;杰出的
19.anxiety n. 焦虑;担心;害怕
anxious adj. 忧虑的;焦虑的;渴望的
anxiously adv. 焦虑地
20.embarrassed adj. 难堪的;尴尬的
embarrass vt. 使窘迫;使尴尬
embarrassing adj. 使人难堪的;令人尴尬的
embarrassment n. 难堪;窘迫
21.ashamed adj. 羞愧;惭愧
shame n. 羞耻;羞愧;让人遗憾的事
shameful adj. 可耻的
shameless adj. 无耻的;没廉耻的
22.inquire/enquire vi.& vt. 询问;打听
inquiry/enquiry n. 询问;调查
23.adjust vt. 调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯
adjustable adj. 可调整的;可调节的
adjustment n. 调整;调节;适应
24.react vi. (对……)起反应;回应; (对食物等)有不良反应
reaction n. 反应;副作用
25.ultimately adv. 最终;最后
ultimate adj. 终极的;极限的
26.merely adv. 只是;仅仅;只不过
mere adj. 仅仅的,只不过的
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.break down 　　　 消除;分解;打破
2.call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
3.in other words 换句话说;也就是说
4.make inferences 推理;推断
5.straighten up 直起来;整理;收拾整齐
6.be appropriate to 对……适合
7.stare at 盯着看
8.at work 有某种影响;在工作
9.by comparison (与……)相比较
10.by contrast 相比之下
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.(“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义)
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
2.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch,it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.[have+名词+过去分词(短语)]
所以,如果一名学生低头看手表,这就表明他觉得无聊,只是在数着下课的时间。
3.Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.(部分否定)
当然,在课堂上不是每个抬头看的学生都在专心听讲。
4.While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.(while引导让步状语从句)
尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
5.Words are important,but the way people stand,hold their arms,and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.(动作行为)
言语固然重要,但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的姿势也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-al表示行为、状态等
去e+-al approve→approval批准;认可;赞成　　　　arrive→arrival到达;到达者;到达物 survive→survival存活;幸存 remove→removal移走;拿走;消除;开除 festive→festival节日 dispose→disposal清除;处理
y改i+-al deny→denial否认　　　　　　　　　　　 bury→burial埋葬;葬礼
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.an identical gesture同样的手势
2.waist belt腰带
3.a fake accent伪装的口音
4.in a surprised tone用惊讶的语气
5.nonverbal communication非言语交流
6.reveal a secret 揭露一个秘密
7.the soft tick of the clock钟表轻轻的滴答声
8.hit him on the chin打在他下巴上
9.electronic components电子零件
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人
2.cheek n.面颊;脸颊
3.bow vi.鞠躬;点头 vt.低(头) n.弓;蝴蝶结
4.barrier n.隔阂;障碍
5.pose n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
6.bend vt.& vi.(bent,bent)(使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向
7.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清
8.lower vt.把……放低;降低;减少 adj.下面的;下方的;较小的
9.stare vi.盯着看;凝视 n.凝视
10.perceive vt.察觉;看待;理解
11.chest n.胸部;胸膛
12.bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心 n.麻烦;不便
13.weep vi.& vt.(wept,wept)哭泣;流泪
14.conflict n.矛盾;冲突 vi.冲突;抵触
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.interact vi.相互交流;相互影响→interaction n.交流;相互影响
2.appropriate adj.合适的;恰当的→appropriately adv.适当地;合适地
3.vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变→various adj.不同的;各种各样的→variety n.多样性;变化;种类
4.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过→approval n.赞成;同意;批准;通过;认可→approving adj.同意的;赞成的
5.differ vi.相异;不同于→different adj.不同的;有差异的→difference n.差别;差异
6.anger n.愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒→angry adj.生气的;愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地;愤怒地
7.rely vi.依赖;信赖→reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的
8.occupy vt.占据;占用→occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的→occupation n.占领;职业
9.imply vt.意味着;暗示→implication n.暗示,暗指
10.distinguish vi.& vt.区分;辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的;杰出的
11.anxious adj.忧虑的;焦虑的;渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕
12.embarrass vt.使窘迫;使尴尬→embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的;令人尴尬的→embarrassment n.难堪;窘迫
13.shame n.羞耻;羞愧;让人遗憾的事→ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的;没廉耻的
14.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的→adjustment n.调整;调节;适应
15.react vi.(对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n.反应;副作用
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.break down 消除;分解;打破
2.call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
3.in other words换句话说;也就是说
4.make inferences推理;推断
5.straighten up 直起来;整理;收拾整齐
6.at work有某种影响;在工作
7.by comparison (与……)相比较
8.by contrast 相比之下
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:部分否定
Not every student is/Every student is not really aware of the importance of the activity.(观点态度)
并非每个学生都真正理解这项活动的重要性。
2.句型公式:“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义
Walking exercises may be boring at times,but on a clear sunny morning nothing could be better.(建议信)
散步锻炼有时可能很乏味,但是在一个晴朗的早上,没有什么比这更好的了。
3.句型公式:have+名词+过去分词(短语)
She had her feet hurt when climbing the mountain.
爬山时,她的脚受伤了。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Having clarified (阐明) his opinion on the incident,Mr Smith sat down and listened to others’.
2.I woke up to the fact that I had to overcome the language barrier (障碍) when going abroad.
3.Having won the gold medal,he perceived (看待) himself to be the happiest guy in the world.
4.Tom bent (弯腰) down,picked up a rock and threw it into the lake.
5.All the members present at the meeting posed (摆姿势) for a group photograph.
6.The tears rolled down the old man’s cheeks because he was so moved.
7.Chuck sat quietly for hours staring into the distance,thinking of what might have been.
8.The past ten years has witnessed a boom in economy in my hometown,as a result of which people here are enjoying a far better life than before.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.For lots of people,the natural reaction (react) is to get angry when they are cheated by others.
2.She felt a deep sense of shame (ashamed) when she realized she had been caught lying.
3.By learning English,we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in various (vary) fields.
4.I have been convinced that the print media are more accurate and more reliable (rely) than television.
5.There’s tension and anxiety (anxious) in the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.
6.He was so embarrassed (embarrass)—his face went brick-red.
Ⅲ.短语填空
make inferences;break down;in other words;at work
1.To put it simply,protein takes a lot of effort for the body to break down and digest a lot more than fat.
2.Autumn colours might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage;in other words,they actually act as sunscreen.
3.Judging from his puzzled expression,I made inferences that he didn’t figure out what I said just now.
4.If a student’s eyes are red from weeping,then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In our interactions with others,we usually employ appropriate body language,namely,nonverbal language 1.to demonstrate(demonstrate) our internal emotions.Sometimes we have difficulty interpreting and distinguishing gestures because they aren’t identical.So we should learn to perceive,assess and adjust our words accordingly.For instance,if a person is embarrassed and ashamed,he will lower his head,slightly bend his body,2.and stare at the ground.If a person boils with anger or 3.anxiety(anxious),he will have a tendency to cross arms in front of his chest,with tears 4.rolling(roll) down his cheeks.If a person does not move his eyes for a long time,it means that he is 5.distracted(distract).By contrast,a person 6.who/that approves of or favors a plan may be witnessed straightening up and nodding his head.Certainly we can’t always make reliable inferences because body language differs in different countries and 7.varies(vary) from person to person.Nevertheless,I still call on people to reveal body language with the purpose of breaking 8.down the barriers in our daily communication.After all,properly reacting to body language is an important component of our daily routine.In other words,we should occupy 9.ourselves(us) in learning some body language to ultimately avoid some unnecessary 10.conflicts(conflict).
1.vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变(various adj.不同的;各种各样的 variety n.多样性;变化;种类)
佳句背诵　
Varieties of activities are being held by our club,varying from Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation.(活动介绍)
我们俱乐部正在举办各种各样的活动,从演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵不等。
vary from...to... 在……到……之间变化;从……到……不等
vary in sth 在某方面不同
vary with... 随……而变化
a variety of=varieties of=various 多种多样的
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Different fruits vary in nutritional content,with some being rich in vitamins while others provide more fiber and minerals.
②The temperature in the desert can vary with the time of day,being extremely hot during the day and much cooler at night.(天气描写)
沙漠中的温度随一天中的时间而变化,白天非常热,晚上则凉爽得多。
教考衔接　单句写作
③The art class was a delightful change from our regular classroom sessions.I chose to paint the beautiful flower garden,which is dotted with vibrant colors and various flowers.(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这次的美术课与我们常规的课堂相比是一种令人愉快的改变。我选择画美丽的花园,那里点缀着鲜艳的色彩和各式各样的花朵。
2.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过(approval n.赞成;通过;同意;认可;批准
approving adj.赞成的;同意的 disapprove v.不赞成;不同意)
佳句背诵　
I have to inform you that we don’t approve of the plan.
我不得不告诉你,我们不赞成这个计划。
approve of　　　　　　 赞成,同意
approve sth 批准某事
give one’s approval to sth 某人批准某事
win one’s approval 得到某人的批准/同意
以练促学　一句多译
①如果您能批准我们的提议,我们将不胜感激。
→We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal.(approve)
→We would be grateful if you could give your approval to our proposal.(approval)
教考衔接　单句语法填空
②Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval (approve) section signed.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
3.favour (NAmE-vor) vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同
(favourable adj.赞成的;有利的 favourite adj.最喜欢的)
佳句背诵　
I would appreciate it if you could do me a favour and spare some time to polish my application letter and resume.(求助信)
如果您能帮我一个忙,抽出时间来润色我的求职信和简历,我将不胜感激。
favour sth/doing sth 较喜欢某事/做某事
ask sb a favour=ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙
do a favour for sb=do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙
owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情
in favour of 赞成;支持
in sb’s favour 对某人有利
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The students are in favour of extending the lunch break by ten minutes to relax more between classes.
②The slight rain during the sports day worked in her favour,as she performs better in cooler conditions.
运动会中的小雨对她有利,因为她在更凉爽的条件下表现得更好。
教考衔接　单句写作
③It turns out that students favour the entertaining ways over the traditional ones when it comes to English learning.(短文投稿;2022·全国乙卷)
事实证明,在谈及英语学习方面,学生们更喜欢娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
片段巩固 用vary;approval;approve;favour完成续写片段
续写训练之情节线:作品千差万别,从抽象画到黏土雕塑应有尽有→学生希望得到老师的认可→老师(汤普森夫人)点头认可汤米的风景画,评论道自己很喜欢他使用的颜色→同学们佩服他的技能,有动力尝试自己的风格 In Mrs.Thompson’s art class,the students’works varied greatly,ranging from abstract paintings to clay sculptures.Each student hoped their unique creation would gain the teacher’s approval.During the class exhibition,Tommy’s landscape painting caught everyone’s attention.Impressed,Mrs.Thompson gave an approving nod and commented,“Tommy,I really favour your use of colors;they bring your artwork to life!”His classmates admired his skill,feeling motivated to experiment with their own styles.
4.occupy vt.占用;占领;占据(occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的 occupation n.占领;职业)
佳句背诵　
Mother is usually occupying herself preparing dinner for the whole family when I get home from school.(人物描写)
每次我放学回家的时候,母亲总是忙着在给全家人准备晚餐。
occupy sb/oneself with sth/(in) doing sth 忙于做某事;专心做某事
be occupied with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①His father’s occupation (occupy) as a chef inspired him to explore various cuisines and cooking techniques.
②During the summer break,Jenny occupied herself in learning to play the guitar,spending hours each day on practice.
暑假期间,珍妮忙于学习弹吉他,每天花几个小时练习。
教考衔接　单句语法填空/句式升级
③As they were occupied(occupy) in selling popcorn,they spared no time to play around.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→Occupying themselves in selling popcorn,they spared no time to play around.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
→Occupied in selling popcorn,they spared no time to play around.(过去分词短语作状语)
5.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯(adjustment n.调整;调节;适应
adjustable adj.可调节的;可调整的)
佳句背诵　
I am writing to apologize to you for my not adjusting the relevant information in time.(道歉信)
由于我没有及时调整相关的信息,我写信向您道歉。
adjust (oneself) to (doing)... 适应……;习惯……
adjust...to... 调整……以适应……
make an adjustment/adjustments 作出调整
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The school chairs are adjustable,so children can make some adjustments according to their height.(adjust)
②Knowing that you have some difficulty in adjusting (yourself) to the new school life,I’m writing to give you some tips,which I hope will be of help to you.(建议信)
知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难,我写信给你一些建议,希望能对你有所帮助。
教考衔接　单句写作
③More importantly,the show is scheduled to take place at 7 pm next Monday.I’m wondering if you’re available.If not,please let me know in advance so that I can make adjustment accordingly.(邀请信;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
更重要的是,展览定于下周一晚7点举行。我想知道你是否有空。如果没有,请提前告诉我,以便我可以相应地做出调整。
6.in other words换句话说;也就是说
佳句背诵　
Setting a goal is the first step to success;in other words,if you want to succeed,you must set a goal first.
设定目标是走向成功的第一步;换句话说,如果你想成功,你必须先设定一个目标。
in a word　　　　　　 总之;简言之
keep one’s word 遵守诺言
break one’s word 失信;不守诺言
have a word with... 与……谈一谈
have words with sb 和某人吵架
word came that... 有消息传来说……
以练促学　用word的短语完成下面语段
①Word came that a class meeting would be held in our school,so I’m writing to ask you to do me a favour.(求助信;2021·全国甲卷)
②Sam broke his word about keeping Sarah’s secret,so Sarah decided to have a word with him after class to express how disappointed she was.However,their conversation quickly changed as they had words with each other right outside the classroom.In the end,realizing his mistake,Sam apologized sincerely and vowed to regain Sarah’s trust.
教考衔接　单句写作
③“May I have your phone number I will call you and return the money I owe you.I promise I will keep my word or you can keep my watch!” I added.(语言描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
“可以留下你的电话号码吗 我会打电话给你,归还我欠你的钱。我保证我会信守诺言,否则你可以留着我的手表!”我补充道。
7.call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请;呼吁;号召
佳句背诵　
The teacher decided to call on Sarah to share her thoughts on the importance of environmental conservation.
老师决定请萨拉分享她对环境保护的重要性的看法。
call up　　　　　 给……打电话;(使)想起
call off=cancel 取消
call for (公开)要求;需要
call in 打电话来;召来,叫来;收回
call at 拜访(地点);(火车等)停留
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The recipe calls for three cups of flour and one cup of sugar.
②The championship game was called off because of heavy fog,leaving both teams disappointed and waiting for a rescheduled date.(心理描写)
由于浓雾,冠军赛被取消了,这让两支队伍都很失望,并等待重新安排的日期。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Giving him another smile,I asked him for a delay in payment and promised to call him up and pay him back the money I owed him.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我又对他笑了笑,向他请求延期付款,并承诺会给他打电话,还清我所欠的钱。
片段巩固 用occupy;adjust;in other words;call on完成动作描写的片段
续写训练之情节线:莉莉忙于准备辩论赛→赛事要求她调整日常时间表→换句话说,她减少了平常爱好的时间→但还不够,她意识到还需要提升自己的辩论技巧→决定邀请身为辩论冠军的哥哥来指导自己→最终赢得比赛 Lily occupied herself preparing for the upcoming debate competition,which required her to adjust her daily schedule significantly.In other words,she spent less time on her usual hobbies and more time on the competition.Yet this was not enough,and she realized she needed to improve her debating skills.So she decided to call on her older brother,a debate champion,to coach her.Finally,her hard work paid off and she won the first in the competition.
1.employ / m pl / vt.使用;应用;雇用;忙于(生义)
①In our chemistry class,we employ various techniques to separate mixtures.vt.使用
②The local café employed several high school students during the summer as part-time waiters.vt.雇用
③Employed in writing a novel,she even doesn’t have time to look after her son.vt.忙于
2.straighten up直起来;整理;收拾整齐(生义)
①Straighten up slowly,then repeat the exercise ten times.直起来
②Every morning,before leaving for school,I make it a habit to straighten up the bed and tidy my room.整理;收拾整齐
3.bother / b (r)/ vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心 vt.使烦恼 n.麻烦;不便
①Lots of people don’t bother to go through a marriage ceremony these days.vi.费心;麻烦
②It bothered me that boys weren’t interested in language learning.vt.使烦恼
③He never bothered about his breakfast and he’ll eat what is left over yesterday.vi.因……操心
④It’s no bother at all;I can help you with your homework after school.n.麻烦
4.tick /t k/ vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声(生义) n.钩号(生义)
①After reviewing the answers,the teacher used a red pen to tick the correct ones on each test.vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号
②The old clock on the wall continues to tick,marking the passage of time.vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声
③Please put a tick next to your chosen answer on the questionnaire.n.钩号
5.lower / l (r)/ vt.把……放低;降低;减少(生义) adj.下面的;下方的;较小的
①Please lower your voice when discussing in the library to avoid disturbing others.vt.把……放低;降低
②To save on energy costs,the school decided to lower the heating during the warmer days.vt.减少
③In the lower drawer,you will find all the art supplies needed for class.adj.下面的
6.anger / g (r)/ n.愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒(生义)
Tom accidentally kicked the ball into Anna’s face,which sparked her anger①.Realizing his mistake,Tom quickly apologized to Anna,hoping to not anger② her further.Anna,seeing that it was truly an accident,decided to let go of her anger and accepted his apology.①n.愤怒;怒气　②vt.使生气;激怒
句型公式:部分否定
课本原句:Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然,在课堂上不是每个抬头看的学生都在专心听讲。
佳句背诵　
Our English teacher is excellent,but she can’t help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.(人物介绍)
我们的英语老师很出色,但是她不可能在50分钟内帮助班里的每一位同学。
(1)部分否定:当all、both、each、every、everybody、everyone、everything、always、whole、entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时,便构成了部分否定结构,意为“不是……都;并非……都”。
(2)全部否定:当neither、no one、no、none、never、nothing、no more、no longer、no way、not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时,构成全部否定结构。
以练促学　一句多译/单句写作
①最近的一项调查显示,我校并非所有学生都在业余时间进行体育锻炼。
→A recent survey shows that not all the students in our school take physical exercise in their spare time.
→A recent survey shows that all the students in our school don’t take physical exercise in their spare time.
②Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but neither of them wants to,because they have work to do.
汤姆请杰克和彼得和他一起去野餐,但他们都不想去,因为他们有工作要做。
教考衔接　单句写作
③According to the above graph,it can be seen that not all of the students/all of the students don’t adopt the same approach to learning English.(短文投稿;2022·全国乙卷)
通过以上图表,可以看出并非所有学生都采用同一种方式学英语。
维度一　单元知识运用
1.The activities in our summer camp vary from swimming and hiking to arts and crafts workshops.
2.When she solved the difficult math problem,she looked up to see her teacher’s approving (approve) eyes.
3.She did a favour for her neighbour by watering the plants while they were on vacation.
4.She was occupied (occupy) in organizing the charity event,dedicating all her free time to planning.
5.After receiving feedback,she made an adjustment (adjust) to her presentation to better engage her audience.
6.He finished all the tasks ahead of schedule;in other words,he was free for the weekend.
7.She decided to call on her friend to discuss (discuss) the group project over the weekend.
8.No other student is more committed (committed) to environmental causes than Lisa.
9.They have their project completed (complete) two days before the deadline,which was a relief.
10.Not all students enjoy playing sports,but many find them beneficial for staying active.
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.It’s not always appropriate to wear casual clothes,especially at formal events.
在正式场合穿休闲服并不总是恰当的。
2.The first half of the game was slow;by contrast,the second half was filled with action.
比赛的上半场很慢;相比之下,下半场充满了行动力。
3.That year witnessed significant advancements in technology,particularly in renewable energy.
那一年见证了科技的重大进步,尤其是在可再生能源领域。
4.My views on the topic are different/differ from hers,particularly in how we should approach the problem.
我对这个话题的看法与她的不同,特别是在我们应该如何处理这个问题上。
5.From her hesitant voice,I could make inferences about her unwillingness to attend the party.
从她犹豫的声音中,我可以推断出她不愿参加聚会。
6.The teacher helped us break down the complex problem into manageable parts.
老师帮助我们将复杂的问题分解成易处理的部分。
7.She straightened up her desk at the end of the day,preparing for a fresh start tomorrow.她在一天结束时整理了她的桌子,准备明天迎接新的开始。
8.The cat sat on the window sill and stared at the birds outside.
猫坐在窗台上,盯着外面的鸟。
9.He felt embarrassed when he forgot his lines during the school play.
他在学校演出时忘了台词,感到很尴尬。
10.He was ashamed of his behavior at the party and apologized the next day.
他为自己在聚会上的行为感到羞愧,并在第二天道了歉。
维度三　单元话题写作(短文投稿——肢体语言)
假定你是李华,你们学校举行了一场关于“Body language”的讨论,请你写一篇英语报道向校报投稿,内容包括:
1.学生的观点;2.肢体语言的文化差异;3.你的建议。
第一步　根据单元知识写美句
1.上周见证了一场关于肢体语言在跨文化交际中的影响的激烈讨论。(witness)
Last week witnessed a heated discussion about the influence of body language in cross-culture communication.
2.大多数学生赞成肢体语言因人而异的观点。(in favor of;vary from...to...)
The majority of students were in favor of the idea that body languages varied from person to person.
3.在某些国家点头意味着不同意;相比之下,在其他一些国家,则意味着认可。(imply;by contrast;approval)
Nodding implies disagreement in some countries;by contrast,it means approval in some others.
4.并不是所有的肢体语言都有相反的含义,从而在交流中造成理解问题。(部分否定;pose)
Not all body language has opposite meanings,thus posing understanding problems in communication.
5.微笑是一种通用的肢体语言,可以打破多种语言障碍。(break down;barrier)
Smile is a universally acknowledged body language that can break down many language barriers.
6.为了促进跨文化交流,我们应该适当地使用肢体语言,并在必要时作出一些必要的调整。(appropriately;adjust;状语从句的省略)
To promote cross-culture communication,we should appropriately make use of body language and make some necessary adjustments when necessary.
第二步　连句成篇创佳作
【参考范文】
Last week witnessed a heated discussion about the influence of body language in cross-culture communication.
The majority of students were in favor of the idea that body languages varied from person to person.For example,nodding implies disagreement in some countries;by contrast,it means approval in some others.But not all body language has opposite meanings,thus posing understanding problems in communication.For instance,smile is a universally acknowledged body language that can break down many language barriers.
In my opinion,to promote cross-culture communication,we should appropriately make use of body language and make some necessary adjustments when necessary.
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:一名四年级教师首次遇见鲍比时,鲍比穿着破旧且尺寸不合身的衣服,行为举止也与众不同,甚至连基本的字母都不认识。这名教师对鲍比感到无法接受,于是检查了他的档案,却发现鲍比智商正常,但生活背景复杂。一次,鲍比被同学欺负,衣服被撕破,鼻子流血,教师为此训斥了其他学生。
场景续写1:
那个事件改变了“我”对鲍比的感觉→意识到老师不仅要教学术,还要满足学生的需求→给鲍比买了一些漂亮的衣服,希望他不再被嘲笑→他兴奋而感激地感谢了“我”→一股被信任的感觉涌上“我”的心头→“我”提出在放学之前辅导他做作业。
That incident changed how I felt about Bobby.　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
场景续写2:
因为新衣服和额外的关注,鲍比发生了令人惊讶的变化→开始与“我”进行短暂的眼神交流并且表现得很好→“我”不再害怕去工作,甚至期待早上在走廊里看到他→随着“我”对他态度的改变,其他学生也改变了态度,将他纳入集体中→意识到:只要给予更多的关注和爱,每个孩子都应该有机会改变。
It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention.　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
That incident changed how I felt about Bobby.Witnessing a little boy in desperate need of care and help,I realized not only should a teacher teach academics but also meet the needs of the students! I bought Bobby some nice clothes,with which he wouldn’t be teased any more.Thrilled and grateful,he said“Thanks,Miss!” with glittering tears in his eyes like stars.A surge of being trusted wrapped me,and I offered to help him with his homework before school.
It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention.Coming out of his shell,he started making brief eye contact with me and performed properly,through which I found he really was a likeable child.I no longer dreaded going to work,and even looked forward to seeing him coming down the hallway in the morning.Afterwards,as my attitude toward him changed,so did the other students.They stopped picking on him and included him as a part of the group.Through this event,I realized that,just give more attention and love,and every child deserves a chance to change.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
(2024·全国甲卷阅读B)
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you’re able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry,it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However,when a cat is looking for affection,they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses,but their sense of smell is quite impressive.They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax.However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like.
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that’s been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物).Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it!
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了猫的生活习性,它们通过叫声和行为来表达情感和需求。
24.What can be learned about cats’ meowing from the first paragraph
A.It’s a survival skill.
B.It’s taught by mother cats.
C.It’s hard to interpret.
D.It’s getting louder with age.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,猫通过不同的叫声来表达自己的需求,如觅食、表达情感需求或吸引母亲注意力等,表明猫的叫声是一种生存技能,故选A项。]
25.How does a pet cat assess different situations
A.By listening for sounds.
B.By touching familiar objects.
C.By checking on smells.
D.By communicating with other cats.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,猫通过嗅觉来评估环境并寻找危险的迹象,它们会在选择放松的地方之前嗅闻特定区域。因此,猫是通过嗅觉来评估不同的情况的,故选C项。]
26.Which best explains the phrase “take...up a notch” in paragraph 3
A.Perform appropriately.
B.Move faster.
C.Act strangely.
D.Do better.
答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.”以及接下来的描述可知,猫通过找到物品并带回给主人来表示爱意,这种行为比狗的取物行为要更上一层楼,即做得更好,故选D项。]
27.What is a suitable title for the text
A.Tips on Finding a Smart Cat
B.Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior
C.Have Fun with Your Cat
D.How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
答案　B　[标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了猫的叫声和行为及其背后的原因,能够帮助读者更好地理解猫的习性,因此最合适的标题是“理解你的猫的行为”,故选B项。]
思维建模
说明文的6个文体特点
1.行文结构:总体叙述+细节或过程说明+概括评述;现象+原因+后果/启示/措施。
2.说明对象:说明文用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题,如机器的制造过程、自然或社会现象产生的原因、工程项目的规划或问题的解决方案,或者介绍自然科学或社会科学领域的最新成果、社会经济发展过程中出现的新生事物等。
3.说明顺序:时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序等。
4.说明方法:①定义与诠释说明;②举例与引用说明;③分类与图表说明;④比较与比喻说明;⑤分析与综合说明。
高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的说明方法是答题关键。
5.行文特点:说明文的特点是客观、简练、语言准确明了,文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理,了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等,了解事理的含意、特点等。
6.语言特点:①语言准确、简洁,句式结构复杂,长难句比较多;②生词术语较多,阅读难度大。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:shelter n.庇护所;amazing adj.令人惊叹的; Para.2:sense n.感官;memory n.记忆; Para.3:behavior n.行为;random adj.随意的; adorable adj.可爱的 Para.1:express their needs表达它们的需求; ask for help请求帮助;scare away吓跑; Para.2:look out for注意; Para.3:take up a notch提高一个等级
析 长 难 语 句 Para.2:However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. [句式分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为主系表结构;介词短语by looking for familiar smells作表语;定语从句the cats...situations修饰先行词way。 [尝试翻译]　然而,猫能够区分情况的另一种方式是寻找熟悉的气味。 [语言赏析]　通过However进行转折,暗示猫区分情况的方式有多种,而本句展示的方式与其他方式形成了对比。这一转折不仅使句子与前文紧密连接,而且让读者感到逻辑清晰,顺利理解文章的展开。
课时作业　
Ⅰ.应用文写作
(2025·湖北高三联考)
假如你是李华,你校交换生Harvey在校园网上发布了一则广告,希望寻找一个合适的寄宿家庭(host family),以更好地体验当地人的生活以及提高他的中文水平。请你给他写一封邮件,推荐自己的家,内容包括:
1.推荐的理由;
2.学习中文的建议。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Harvey,
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Harvey,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.Having noticed your advertisement for a host family on the school website,I’m writing to recommend my home.
Firstly,my home is near the school,which is convenient.Furthermore,my parents are Chinese teachers,providing you with a good opportunity to practice Chinese and learn Chinese culture.Lastly,my family members are friendly and easy-going.When it comes to learning Chinese,the best way is to communicate often with natives and get involved in Chinese activities.Additionally,you can also learn from Chinese TV series and songs.
My whole family would be happy if you choose my home.Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·湛江高三模拟)
Brad Howard,a Texas father,had enough of his son’s disruptive (扰乱性的) behavior in physics class.Despite multiple warnings and complaints from the teacher about his son’s excessive (过多的) talking,the situation didn’t improve.
So,Brad decided to take matters into his own hands and gave his son,Bradley,a final warning.Brad made a bold promise to his son,saying,“Hey,if we get another call,I’m going to show up in school and sit beside you in class.”
The 17-year-old Bradley probably thought his dad was just bluffing (唬人) and continued his chatty (爱闲聊的) ways.But when Brad received another email from the teacher,he knew he had to follow through with his threat.
On the morning of the important day,Brad’s wife woke him up and said,“Brad,it’s time for you to go to school.” It struck him what he had said.He just couldn’t but a bit regret,“Oh,no,what have I done ”
Despite his unwillingness,Brad was determined to keep his word and headed to his son’s high school.
The sight of Brad sitting next to Bradley in class was a source of amusement for Bradley’s friends,who found the situation ridiculous.Bradley,on the other hand,was less than thrilled.
He couldn’t believe that his dad had actually gone through with his threat,The embarrassment of having his own father sitting beside him in class was enough to make him regret his behavior.As the class started,Bradley could feel all eyes on him and his dad.He could sense the judgment and the whispers from his classmates.
“Hey,Bradley,it looks like your dad is really serious about this,” one of his friends whispered across the hallway,trying to hold back a laugh.
“Yeah,this is so embarrassing,” Bradley whispered,his cheeks turning a deep shade of red.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
But as the class progressed,something unexpected happened.　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
After school,Bradley hesitantly approached his dad with newfound appreciation.　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
But as the class progressed,something unexpected happened.Brad didn’t just sit there quietly,he actively participated in the lesson.He listened intently,raised his hand to answer questions,and even asked questions himself.Bradley couldn’t help but notice the surprised looks on his teacher’s face and the nods of approval.As the day went on,it became clear to Bradley that his dad’s intention was not to embarrass him but to teach him a valuable lesson.
After school,Bradley hesitantly approached his dad with newfound appreciation.“Thanks,Dad,” he said quietly.“I didn’t realize you were trying to teach me something important.I know the importance of taking education seriously and respecting my teachers.I realize my attitude is not only affecting my own learning but also disrupting the learning environment for others.” Bradley’s dad put a hand on his shoulder and smiled.“I love you,son.Sometimes we need to learn things in a hard way,but I’m always here for you.” (共138张PPT)
UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
选择性必修第一册
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
读写素养培优
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.gesture n.　　 手势;姿势;姿态
2.identical adj. 相同的
3.interpret vt. 把……理解(解释)为
vi.& vt. 口译
4.waist n. 腰;腰部
5.fake adj. 假装的;假的;冒充的
6.trial n.& v. 审讯;审判;试验;试用
7.nonverbal adj. 不涉及言语的;非言语的
8.reveal vt. 揭示;显示;露出
9.tick vt. 给(试卷、问题等)打钩号
vi. (钟表)发出嘀嗒声
n. 钩号
10.chin n. 下巴
11.distract vt. 分散(注意力);使分心
12.intervene vi. 干预;介入
ponent n. 组成部分;零件
14.tone n. 语气;腔调;口吻
15.slump vi. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a witness to the accident 事故的一位目击证人
2.brush her cheek 轻抚她的面颊
3.bow her head 低下她的头
4.break down the barrier 打破障碍
5.an unforgettable incident 一次难忘的事件
6.his twin brother 他的孪生兄弟
7.internal structure/relation 内部结构/内在联系
8.pose a challenge 构成挑战
9.bend down 弯腰
10.clarify one’s stand 阐明某人的立场
11.lower price 降价
12.stare blankly 茫然地盯着看
13.glass ceiling 玻璃天花板
14.perceive a change 察觉到改变
15.hit him in the chest 击中了他的胸部
16.don’t bother 不必麻烦
17.start to weep 开始哭了起来
e into a conflict 产生冲突
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.interaction n.　　　 交流;相互影响
interact vi. 相互交流;相互影响
2.appropriate adj. 合适的;恰当的
appropriately adv. 适当地;合适地
3.vary vi. (根据情况)变化;改变
various adj. 不同的;各种各样的
variety n. 多样性;变化;种类
4.approve vi. 赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过
approval n. 赞成;同意;批准;通过;认可
approving adj. 同意的;赞成的
5.demonstrate vt. 表现;表达;说明;证明
demonstration n. 显示,展示;演示,表示
6.employ vt. 使用;应用;雇用
employee n. 雇员;受雇者
employer n. 雇主;雇用者
employment n. 雇用;聘用
7.differ vi. 相异;不同于
different adj. 不同的;有差异的
difference n. 差别;差异
8.favour (NAmE-vor) vt. 较喜欢;选择;有利于
n. 帮助;恩惠;赞同
favourable adj. 赞成的;有利的
favourite adj. 最喜欢的
9.anger n. 愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒
angry adj. 生气的;愤怒的
angrily adv. 生气地;愤怒地
10.reliable adj. 可靠的;可信赖的
rely vi. 依赖;信赖
11.slight adj. 轻微的;略微的;细小的
slightly adv. 略微;稍微
12.assess vt. 评估;评价
assessment n. 评价;评定
13.educator n. 教师;教育工作者;教育家
educate vt. 教育
educated adj. 受过教育的;有教养的
education n. 教育
14.tendency n. 趋势;倾向
tend vt.& vi. 照料;护理 vi.倾向于;有……的趋势
15.barely adv. 几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚
bare adj. 赤裸的;光秃秃的;空的
16.occupy vt. 占据;占用
occupied adj. 使用中;忙于;被占领的
occupation n. 占领;职业
17.imply vt. 意味着;暗示
implication n. 暗示,暗指
18.distinguish vi.& vt. 区分;辨别
distinguished adj. 卓越的;杰出的
19.anxiety n. 焦虑;担心;害怕
anxious adj. 忧虑的;焦虑的;渴望的
anxiously adv. 焦虑地
20.embarrassed adj. 难堪的;尴尬的
embarrass vt. 使窘迫;使尴尬
embarrassing adj. 使人难堪的;令人尴尬的
embarrassment n. 难堪;窘迫
21.ashamed adj. 羞愧;惭愧
shame n. 羞耻;羞愧;让人遗憾的事
shameful adj. 可耻的
shameless adj. 无耻的;没廉耻的
22.inquire/enquire vi.& vt. 询问;打听
inquiry/enquiry n. 询问;调查
23.adjust vt. 调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯
adjustable adj. 可调整的;可调节的
adjustment n. 调整;调节;适应
24.react vi. (对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应
reaction n. 反应;副作用
25.ultimately adv. 最终;最后
ultimate adj. 终极的;极限的
26.merely adv. 只是;仅仅;只不过
mere adj. 仅仅的,只不过的
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.break down 　　　 消除;分解;打破
2.call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
3.in other words 换句话说;也就是说
4.make inferences 推理;推断
5.straighten up 直起来;整理;收拾整齐
6.be appropriate to 对……适合
7.stare at 盯着看
8.at work 有某种影响;在工作
9.by comparison (与……)相比较
10.by contrast 相比之下
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
(“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义)
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
2.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch,it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.
[have+名词+过去分词(短语)]
所以,如果一名学生低头看手表,这就表明他觉得无聊,只是在数着下课的时间。
3.Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
(部分否定)
当然,在课堂上不是每个抬头看的学生都在专心听讲。
4.While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.(while引导让步状语从句)
尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
5.Words are important,but the way people stand,hold their arms,and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.
(动作行为)
言语固然重要,但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的姿势也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-al表示行为、状态等
去e+-al approve→approval批准;认可;赞成
arrive→arrival到达;到达者;到达物
survive→survival存活;幸存
remove→removal移走;拿走;消除;开除
festive→festival节日 dispose→disposal清除;处理
y改i+-al deny→denial否认　 bury→burial埋葬;葬礼
单 元 默 写 检 测
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.an identical gesture　　 ____________
2.waist belt ____________带
3.a fake accent ____________口音
4.in a surprised tone 用惊讶的____________
5.nonverbal communication ____________交流
同样的手势
腰
伪装的
语气
非言语
6.reveal a secret ____________一个秘密
7.the soft tick of the clock 钟表轻轻的____________
8.hit him on the chin 打在他____________上
9.electronic components 电子____________
揭露
滴答声
下巴
零件
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.____________ vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n.目击者；证人
2.____________ n.面颊；脸颊
3.____________ vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头) n.弓；蝴蝶结
4.____________ n.隔阂；障碍
5.____________ n.故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
witness
cheek
bow
barrier
pose
6.____________ vt.& vi.(____________，____________)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
7.____________ vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
8.____________ vt.把……放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
9.____________ vi.盯着看；凝视 n.凝视
10.____________ vt.察觉；看待；理解
11.____________ n.胸部；胸膛
bend
bent
bent
clarify
lower
stare
perceive
chest
12.____________ vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n.麻烦；不便
13.____________ vi.& vt.(____________，____________)哭泣；流泪
14.____________ n.矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；抵触
bother
weep
wept
wept
conflict
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.____________ vi.相互交流；相互影响→____________ n.交流；相互影响
2.___________ adj.合适的;恰当的→____________ adv.适当地;合适地
3.____________ vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→____________ adj.不同的；各种各样的→____________ n.多样性；变化；种类
4.____________ vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→____________ n.赞成；同意；批准；通过；认可→____________ adj.同意的；赞成的
interact
interaction
appropriate
appropriately
vary
various
variety
approve
approval
approving
5.____________ vi.相异；不同于→____________ adj.不同的；有差异的→____________ n.差别；差异
6.____________ n.愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒→____________ adj.生气的；愤怒的→__________ adv.生气地；愤怒地
7.____________ vi.依赖；信赖→____________ adj.可靠的；可信赖的
8.____________ vt.占据；占用→____________ adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的→________________ n.占领；职业
9.____________ vt.意味着；暗示→____________ n.暗示，暗指
differ
different
difference
anger
angry
angrily
rely
reliable
occupy
occupied
occupation
imply
implication
10.___________ vi.& vt.区分;辨别→____________ adj.卓越的;杰出的
11.____________ adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的→____________ adv.焦虑地→______________ n.焦虑；担心；害怕
12.____________ vt.使窘迫；使尴尬→________________ adj.难堪的；尴尬的→__________________ adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→________________ n.难堪；窘迫
13.____________ n.羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事→____________ adj.羞愧；惭愧→____________ adj.可耻的→____________ adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
distinguish
distinguished
anxious
anxiously
anxiety
embarrass
embarrassed
embarrassing
embarrassment
shame
ashamed
shameful
shameless
14.____________ vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→ ____________ adj.可调整的；可调节的→____________ n.调整；调节；适应
15.____________ vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→______________ n.反应；副作用
adjust
adjustable
adjustment
react
reaction
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.________________消除；分解；打破
2.________________(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请
3.________________换句话说；也就是说
4.________________推理；推断
5.straighten up 　　 ______________________
6.at work ____________________
7.by comparison ________________
8.by contrast ________________
break down
call on
in other words
make inferences
直起来;整理;收拾整齐
有某种影响;在工作
(与……)相比较
相比之下
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式：部分否定
______________________________________________________________________________________________ the activity.(观点态度)
并非每个学生都真正理解这项活动的重要性。
Not every student is/Every student is not really aware of the importance of
2.句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
Walking exercises may be boring at times，but on a clear sunny morning __________________________________________.(建议信)
散步锻炼有时可能很乏味，但是在一个晴朗的早上，没有什么比这更好的了。
3.句型公式：have＋名词＋过去分词(短语)
_______________________________ when climbing the mountain.
爬山时，她的脚受伤了。
nothing could be better
She had her feet hurt
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Having ____________ (阐明) his opinion on the incident，Mr Smith sat down and listened to others’.
2.I woke up to the fact that I had to overcome the language ____________ (障碍) when going abroad.
3.Having won the gold medal，he ____________ (看待) himself to be the happiest guy in the world.
clarified
barrier
perceived
4.Tom ____________ (弯腰) down，picked up a rock and threw it into the lake.
5.All the members present at the meeting ____________ (摆姿势) for a group photograph.
6.The tears rolled down the old man’s c________ because he was so moved.
7.Chuck sat quietly for hours s____________ into the distance，thinking of what might have been.
bent
posed
heeks
taring
8.The past ten years has w____________ a boom in economy in my hometown，as a result of which people here are enjoying a far better life than before.
itnessed
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.For lots of people，the natural ________________ (react) is to get angry when they are cheated by others.
2.She felt a deep sense of ____________ (ashamed) when she realized she had been caught lying.
3.By learning English，we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in ____________ (vary) fields.
reaction
shame
various
4.I have been convinced that the print media are more accurate and more ____________ (rely) than television.
5.There’s tension and ____________ (anxious) in the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.
6.He was so ____________ (embarrass)—his face went brick-red.
reliable
anxiety
embarrassed
Ⅲ.短语填空
make inferences；break down；in other words；at work
1.To put it simply，protein takes a lot of effort for the body to ________________ and digest a lot more than fat.
2.Autumn colours might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage；________________，they actually act as sunscreen.
3.Judging from his puzzled expression，I _________________ that he didn’t figure out what I said just now.
4.If a student’s eyes are red from weeping，then I can infer that there are deeper issues ____________.
break down
in other words
made inferences
at work
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In our interactions with others，we usually employ appropriate body language，namely，nonverbal language 1._________________ (demonstrate) our internal emotions.Sometimes we have difficulty interpreting and distinguishing gestures because they aren’t identical.So we should learn to perceive，assess and adjust our words
to demonstrate
accordingly.For instance，if a person is embarrassed and ashamed，he will lower his head，slightly bend his body，2.____________ stare at the ground.If a person boils with anger or 3.____________(anxious)，he will have a tendency to cross arms in front of his chest，with tears 4.____________(roll) down his cheeks.If a person does not move his eyes for a long time，it means that he is 5.____________(distract).By contrast，a person 6.______________ approves of or favors a plan may be witnessed straightening up and nodding his head.Certainly we
and
anxiety
rolling
distracted
who/that
can’t always make reliable inferences because body language differs in different countries and 7.____________(vary) from person to person.Nevertheless，I still call on people to reveal body language with the purpose of breaking 8.____________ the barriers in our daily communication.After all，properly reacting to body language is an important component of our daily routine.In other words，we should occupy 9.____________(us) in learning some body language to ultimately avoid some unnecessary 10.____________(conflict).
varies
down
ourselves
conflicts
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.3写作迁移
No.2 一词多义/熟词生义
1.vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变(various adj.不同的;各种各样的 variety n.多样性;变化;种类)
佳句背诵　
Varieties of activities are being held by our club,varying from Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation.(活动介绍)
我们俱乐部正在举办各种各样的活动,从演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵不等。
vary from...to... 在……到……之间变化;从……到……不等
vary in sth 在某方面不同
vary with... 随……而变化
a variety of=varieties of=various 多种多样的
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Different fruits vary 　　　　nutritional content,with some being rich in vitamins while others provide more fiber and minerals.
②The temperature in the desert can 　　　 　 　 　 　　　　　　,
being extremely hot during the day and much cooler at night.
(天气描写)
沙漠中的温度随一天中的时间而变化,白天非常热,晚上则凉爽得多。
in
vary with the time of day
教考衔接　单句写作
③The art class was a delightful change from our regular classroom sessions.I chose to paint the beautiful flower garden,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　　.
(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这次的美术课与我们常规的课堂相比是一种令人愉快的改变。我选择画美丽的花园,那里点缀着鲜艳的色彩和各式各样的花朵。
which is dotted with vibrant colors and various flowers
2.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过(approval n.赞成;通过;同意;认可;批准 approving adj.赞成的;同意的 disapprove v.不赞成;不同意)
佳句背诵　
I have to inform you that we don’t approve of the plan.
我不得不告诉你,我们不赞成这个计划。
approve of　　　　　　　 赞成,同意
approve sth 批准某事
give one’s approval to sth 某人批准某事
win one’s approval 得到某人的批准/同意
以练促学　一句多译
①如果您能批准我们的提议,我们将不胜感激。
→We would be grateful 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(approve)
→We would be grateful .(approval)
教考衔接　单句语法填空
②Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian
　　　　　　　　(approve) section signed.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
if you could approve our proposal
if you could give your approval to
our proposal
approval
3.favour (NAmE-vor) vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同
(favourable adj.赞成的;有利的 favourite adj.最喜欢的)
佳句背诵　
I would appreciate it if you could do me a favour and spare some time to polish my application letter and resume.(求助信)
如果您能帮我一个忙,抽出时间来润色我的求职信和简历,我将不胜感激。
favour sth/doing sth 较喜欢某事/做某事
ask sb a favour=ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙
do a favour for sb=do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙
owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情
in favour of 赞成;支持
in sb’s favour 对某人有利
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The students are 　　　　　　favour of extending the lunch break by ten minutes to relax more between classes.
②The slight rain during the sports day worked 　　　　　　　　　,
as she performs better in cooler conditions.
运动会中的小雨对她有利,因为她在更凉爽的条件下表现得更好。
in
in her favour
教考衔接　单句写作
③It turns out that
over the traditional ones when it comes to English learning.
(短文投稿;2022·全国乙卷)
事实证明,在谈及英语学习方面,学生们更喜欢娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
students favour the entertaining ways
片段巩固　用vary;approval;approve;favour完成续写片段
续写训练之情节线:作品千差万别,从抽象画到黏土雕塑应有尽有→学生希望得到老师的认可→老师(汤普森夫人)点头认可汤米的风景画,评论道自己很喜欢他使用的颜色→同学们佩服他的技能,有动力尝试自己的风格
In Mrs.Thompson’s art class,the students’ works varied greatly, ranging from abstract paintings to clay sculptures.Each student hoped their unique creation would gain the teacher’s approval.During the class exhibition,Tommy’s landscape painting caught everyone’s attention.Impressed,Mrs.Thompson gave an approving nod and commented,“Tommy,I really favour your use of colors;they bring your artwork to life!” His classmates admired his skill,feeling motivated to experiment with their own styles.
4.occupy vt.占用;占领;占据(occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的 occupation n.占领;职业)
佳句背诵　
Mother is usually occupying herself preparing dinner for the whole family when I get home from school.(人物描写)
每次我放学回家的时候,母亲总是忙着在给全家人准备晚餐。
occupy sb/oneself with sth/(in) doing sth 忙于做某事;专心做某事
be occupied with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①His father’s 　　　　　　　　(occupy) as a chef inspired him to explore various cuisines and cooking techniques.
②During the summer break,Jenny
to play the guitar, spending hours each day on practice.
暑假期间,珍妮忙于学习弹吉他,每天花几个小时练习。
occupation
occupied herself in learning
教考衔接　单句语法填空/句式升级
③As they were 　　　　　　(occupy) in selling popcorn,they spared no time to play around.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
they spared no time to play around.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,they spared no time to play around.(过去分词短语作状语)
occupied
Occupying themselves in selling popcorn
Occupied in selling popcorn
5.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯(adjustment n.调整;调节;适应 adjustable adj.可调节的;可调整的)
佳句背诵　
I am writing to apologize to you for my not adjusting the relevant information in time.
(道歉信)由于我没有及时调整相关的信息,我写信向您道歉。
adjust (oneself) to (doing)... 适应……;习惯……
adjust...to... 调整……以适应……
make an adjustment/adjustments 作出调整
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The school chairs are 　　　　　　　　,so children can make some 　　　　　　　according to their height.(adjust)
② , I’m writing to give you some tips,which I hope will be of help to you.(建议信)
知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难,我写信给你一些建议,希望能对你有所帮助。
adjustable
adjustments
Knowing that you have some difficulty in adjusting (yourself)
to the new school life
教考衔接　单句写作
③More importantly,the show is scheduled to take place at 7 pm next Monday.I’m wondering if you’re available.If not,please let me know in advance 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(邀请信;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
更重要的是,展览定于下周一晚7点举行。我想知道你是否有空。如果没有,请提前告诉我,以便我可以相应地做出调整。
so that I can make adjustment accordingly
6.in other words换句话说;也就是说
佳句背诵　
Setting a goal is the first step to success;in other words,if you want to succeed,you must set a goal first.
设定目标是走向成功的第一步;换句话说,如果你想成功,你必须先设定一个目标。
in a word　　　　　 总之;简言之
keep one’s word 遵守诺言
break one’s word 失信;不守诺言
have a word with... 与……谈一谈
have words with sb 和某人吵架
word came that... 有消息传来说……
以练促学　用word的短语完成下面语段
①　　　　　　　　 a class meeting would be held in our school,so I’m writing to ask you to do me a favour.(求助信;2021·全国甲卷)
②Sam 　　　　　　　　　　　　about keeping Sarah’s secret,so Sarah decided to　　　　　　　　　him after class to express how disappointed she was.However,their conversation quickly changed as they each other right outside the classroom.In the end,realizing his mistake,Sam apologized sincerely and vowed to regain Sarah’s trust.
Word came that
broke his word
have a word with
had words with
教考衔接　单句写作
③“May I have your phone number I will call you and return the money I owe you.
or you can keep my watch!” I added.(语言描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
“可以留下你的电话号码吗 我会打电话给你,归还我欠你的钱。我保证我会信守诺言,否则你可以留着我的手表!”我补充道。
I promise I will keep my word
7.call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请;呼吁;号召
佳句背诵　
The teacher decided to call on Sarah to share her thoughts on the importance of environmental conservation.
老师决定请萨拉分享她对环境保护的重要性的看法。
call up　　　　 给……打电话;(使)想起
call off=cancel 取消
call for (公开)要求;需要
call in 打电话来;召来,叫来;收回
call at 拜访(地点);(火车等)停留
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The recipe calls 　　　　　　three cups of flour and one cup of sugar.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 because of heavy fog,leaving both teams disappointed and waiting for a rescheduled date.(心理描写)由于浓雾,冠军赛被取消了,这让两支队伍都很失望,并等待重新安排的日期。
for
The championship game was called off
教考衔接　单句写作
③Giving him another smile,I asked him for a delay in payment and
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 and pay him back the money I owed him.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我又对他笑了笑,向他请求延期付款,并承诺会给他打电话,还清我所欠的钱。
promised to call him up
片段巩固　用occupy;adjust;in other words;call on完成动作描写的片段
续写训练之情节线:莉莉忙于准备辩论赛→赛事要求她调整日常时间表→换句话说,她减少了平常爱好的时间→但还不够,她意识到还需要提升自己的辩论技巧→决定邀请身为辩论冠军的哥哥来指导自己→最终赢得比赛
Lily occupied herself preparing for the upcoming debate competition,which required her to adjust her daily schedule significantly.In other words,she spent less time on her usual hobbies and more time on the competition.Yet this was not enough,and she realized she needed to improve her debating skills.So she decided to call on her older brother,a debate champion,to coach her.Finally,her hard work paid off and she won the first in the competition.
1.employ / m pl / vt.使用;应用;雇用;忙于(生义)
①In our chemistry class,we employ various techniques to separate mixtures.　　　　　
②The local café employed several high school students during the summer as part-time waiters.　　　　　
③Employed in writing a novel,she even doesn’t have time to look after her son.　　　　　
vt.使用
vt.雇用
vt.忙于
2.straighten up直起来;整理;收拾整齐(生义)
①Straighten up slowly,then repeat the exercise ten times.
　　　　　
②Every morning,before leaving for school,I make it a habit to straighten up the bed and tidy my room.　　　　　　　
直起来
整理;收拾整齐
3.bother / b (r)/ vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心 vt.使烦恼 n.麻烦;不便
①Lots of people don’t bother to go through a marriage ceremony these days.　　　　　　
②It bothered me that boys weren’t interested in language learning.
　　　　　
③He never bothered about his breakfast and he’ll eat what is left over yesterday.　　　　　　　
④It’s no bother at all;I can help you with your homework after school.　　　　　
vi.费心;麻烦
vt.使烦恼
vi.因……操心
n.麻烦
4.tick /t k/ vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声(生义) n.钩号(生义)
①After reviewing the answers,the teacher used a red pen to tick the correct ones on each test.　　　　　　　　　　　　　
②The old clock on the wall continues to tick,marking the passage of time.　　　　　　　　　　
③Please put a tick next to your chosen answer on the questionnaire.
　　　　　
vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号
vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声
n.钩号
5.lower / l (r)/ vt.把……放低;降低;减少(生义) adj.下面的;下方的;较小的
①Please lower your voice when discussing in the library to avoid disturbing others.　　　　　　　　　
②To save on energy costs,the school decided to lower the heating during the warmer days.　　　　　
③In the lower drawer,you will find all the art supplies needed for class.　　　　　
vt.把……放低;降低
vt.减少
adj.下面的
6.anger / g (r)/ n.愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒(生义)
Tom accidentally kicked the ball into Anna’s face,which sparked her anger①.Realizing his mistake,Tom quickly apologized to Anna, hoping to not anger② her further.Anna,seeing that it was truly an accident,decided to let go of her anger and accepted his apology.
①n.愤怒;怒气　②vt.使生气;激怒
句型公式:部分否定
课本原句:Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然,在课堂上不是每个抬头看的学生都在专心听讲。
佳句背诵　
Our English teacher is excellent,but she can’t help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.(人物介绍)我们的英语老师很出色,但是她不可能在50分钟内帮助班里的每一位同学。
(1)部分否定:当all、both、each、every、everybody、everyone、everything、always、whole、entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时,便构成了部分否定结构,意为“不是……都;并非……都”。
(2)全部否定:当neither、no one、no、none、never、nothing、no more、no longer、no way、not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时,构成全部否定结构。
以练促学　一句多译/单句写作
①最近的一项调查显示,我校并非所有学生都在业余时间进行体育锻炼。
→A recent survey shows that in their spare time.
→A recent survey shows that in their spare time.
not all the students in our
school take physical exercise
all the students in our
school don’t take physical exercise
②Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, because they have work to do.
汤姆请杰克和彼得和他一起去野餐,但他们都不想去,因为他们有工作要做。
neither of them wants to
教考衔接　单句写作
③According to the above graph,it can be seen that
.(短文投稿;2022·全国乙卷)
通过以上图表,可以看出并非所有学生都采用同一种方式学英语。
not all of the students/all of the students don’t adopt the
same approach to learning English
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　单元知识运用
1.The activities in our summer camp vary 　　　　　　swimming and hiking to arts and crafts workshops.
2.When she solved the difficult math problem,she looked up to see her teacher’s 　　　　　　(approve) eyes.
3.She did 　　　　　　favour for her neighbour by watering the plants while they were on vacation.
from
approving
a
4.She 　　　　　　　　(occupy) in organizing the charity event, dedicating all her free time to planning.
5.After receiving feedback,she made an 　　　　　　(adjust) to her presentation to better engage her audience.
6.He finished all the tasks ahead of schedule;　　　　　　 other words,he was free for the weekend.
7.She decided to call on her friend 　　　　　　(discuss) the group project over the weekend.
was occupied
adjustment
in
to discuss
8.No other student is 　　　　　　　　(committed) to environmental causes than Lisa.
9.They have their project 　　　　　　(complete) two days before the deadline,which was a relief.
10.Not 　　　　　　students enjoy playing sports,but many find them beneficial for staying active.
more committed
completed
all
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 casual clothes, especially at formal events.
在正式场合穿休闲服并不总是恰当的。
2.The first half of the game was slow;　　　　　 　　　　　　, the second half was filled with action.
比赛的上半场很慢;相比之下,下半场充满了行动力。
It’s not always appropriate to wear
by contrast
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in technology, particularly in renewable energy.
那一年见证了科技的重大进步,尤其是在可再生能源领域。
4.My views on the topic 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
particularly in how we should approach the problem.
我对这个话题的看法与她的不同,特别是在我们应该如何处理这个问题上。
That year witnessed significant advancements
are different/differ from hers
5.From her hesitant voice,　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 about her unwillingness to attend the party.
从她犹豫的声音中,我可以推断出她不愿参加聚会。
6.The teacher helped us
into manageable parts.
老师帮助我们将复杂的问题分解成易处理的部分。
I could make inferences
break down the complex problem
7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 at the end of the day,preparing for a fresh start tomorrow.
她在一天结束时整理了她的桌子,准备明天迎接新的开始。
8.The cat sat on the window sill and 　　　　　 　　　　　　　.
猫坐在窗台上,盯着外面的鸟。
She straightened up her desk
stared at the birds outside
9.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when he forgot his lines during the school play.
他在学校演出时忘了台词,感到很尴尬。
10.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 his behavior at the party and apologized the next day.
他为自己在聚会上的行为感到羞愧,并在第二天道了歉。
He felt embarrassed
He was ashamed of
维度三　单元话题写作(短文投稿——肢体语言)
假定你是李华,你们学校举行了一场关于“Body language”的讨论,请你写一篇英语报道向校报投稿,内容包括:
1.学生的观点;2.肢体语言的文化差异;3.你的建议。
第一步　根据单元知识写美句
1.上周见证了一场关于肢体语言在跨文化交际中的影响的激烈讨论。
(witness)
Last week witnessed a heated discussion about the influence of body language in cross-culture communication.
2.大多数学生赞成肢体语言因人而异的观点。
(in favor of;vary from...to...)
3.在某些国家点头意味着不同意;相比之下,在其他一些国家,则意味着认可。(imply;by contrast;approval)
The majority of students were in favor of the idea that body languages varied from person to person.
Nodding implies disagreement in some countries;by contrast,it means approval in some others.
4.并不是所有的肢体语言都有相反的含义,从而在交流中造成理解问题。(部分否定;pose)
5.微笑是一种通用的肢体语言,可以打破多种语言障碍。
(break down;barrier)
Not all body language has opposite meanings,thus posing understanding problems in communication.
Smile is a universally acknowledged body language that can break down many language barriers.
6.为了促进跨文化交流,我们应该适当地使用肢体语言,并在必要时作出一些必要的调整。(appropriately;adjust;状语从句的省略)
To promote cross-culture communication,we should appropriately make use of body language and make some necessary adjustments when necessary.
第二步　连句成篇创佳作
【参考范文】
Last week witnessed a heated discussion about the influence of body language in cross-culture communication.
The majority of students were in favor of the idea that body languages varied from person to person.For example,nodding implies disagreement in some countries;by contrast,it means approval in some others.But not all body language has opposite meanings,thus posing understanding problems in communication.For instance,smile is a universally acknowledged body language that can break down many language barriers.
In my opinion,to promote cross-culture communication,we should appropriately make use of body language and make some necessary adjustments when necessary.
读 写 素 养 培 优
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:一名四年级教师首次遇见鲍比时,鲍比穿着破旧且尺寸不合身的衣服,行为举止也与众不同,甚至连基本的字母都不认识。这名教师对鲍比感到无法接受,于是检查了他的档案,却发现鲍比智商正常,但生活背景复杂。一次,鲍比被同学欺负,衣服被撕破,鼻子流血,教师为此训斥了其他学生。
场景续写1:
那个事件改变了“我”对鲍比的感觉→意识到老师不仅要教学术,还要满足学生的需求→给鲍比买了一些漂亮的衣服,希望他不再被嘲笑→他兴奋而感激地感谢了“我”→一股被信任的感觉涌上“我”的心头→“我”提出在放学之前辅导他做作业。
That incident changed how I felt about Bobby.　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
场景续写2:
因为新衣服和额外的关注,鲍比发生了令人惊讶的变化→开始与“我”进行短暂的眼神交流并且表现得很好→“我”不再害怕去工作,甚至期待早上在走廊里看到他→随着“我”对他态度的改变,其他学生也改变了态度,将他纳入集体中→意识到:只要给予更多的关注和爱,每个孩子都应该有机会改变。
It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
That incident changed how I felt about Bobby.Witnessing a little boy in desperate need of care and help,I realized not only should a teacher teach academics but also meet the needs of the students! I bought Bobby some nice clothes,with which he wouldn’t be teased any more.Thrilled and grateful,he said“Thanks,Miss!” with glittering tears in his eyes like stars.A surge of being trusted wrapped me,and I offered to help him with his homework before school.
It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention.Coming out of his shell,he started making brief eye contact with me and performed properly,through which I found he really was a likeable child.I no longer dreaded going to work,and even looked forward to seeing him coming down the hallway in the morning.Afterwards,as my attitude toward him changed,so did the other students.They stopped picking on him and included him as a part of the group.Through this event,I realized that,just give more attention and love,and every child deserves a chance to change.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
(2024·全国甲卷阅读B)
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you’re able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry,it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However,when a cat is looking for affection,they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses,but their sense of smell is quite impressive.They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax.However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like.
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that’s been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物).Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it!
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了猫的生活习性,它们通过叫声和行为来表达情感和需求。
24.What can be learned about cats’ meowing from the first paragraph
A.It’s a survival skill.
B.It’s taught by mother cats.
C.It’s hard to interpret.
D.It’s getting louder with age.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,猫通过不同的叫声来表达自己的需求,如觅食、表达情感需求或吸引母亲注意力等,表明猫的叫声是一种生存技能,故选A项。
√
25.How does a pet cat assess different situations
A.By listening for sounds.
B.By touching familiar objects.
C.By checking on smells.
D.By communicating with other cats.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,猫通过嗅觉来评估环境并寻找危险的迹象,它们会在选择放松的地方之前嗅闻特定区域。因此,猫是通过嗅觉来评估不同的情况的,故选C项。
√
26.Which best explains the phrase “take...up a notch” in paragraph 3
A.Perform appropriately. B.Move faster.
C.Act strangely. D.Do better.
解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.”以及接下来的描述可知,猫通过找到物品并带回给主人来表示爱意,这种行为比狗的取物行为要更上一层楼,即做得更好,故选D项。
√
27.What is a suitable title for the text
A.Tips on Finding a Smart Cat
B.Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior
C.Have Fun with Your Cat
D.How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
解析　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了猫的叫声和行为及其背后的原因,能够帮助读者更好地理解猫的习性,因此最合适的标题是“理解你的猫的行为”,故选B项。
√
思维建模
说明文的6个文体特点
1.行文结构:总体叙述+细节或过程说明+概括评述;现象+原因+后果/启示/措施。
2.说明对象:说明文用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题,如机器的制造过程、自然或社会现象产生的原因、工程项目的规划或问题的解决方案,或者介绍自然科学或社会科学领域的最新成果、社会经济发展过程中出现的新生事物等。
3.说明顺序:时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序等。
4.说明方法:①定义与诠释说明;②举例与引用说明;③分类与图表说明;④比较与比喻说明;⑤分析与综合说明。
高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的说明方法是答题关键。
5.行文特点:说明文的特点是客观、简练、语言准确明了,文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理,了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等,了解事理的含意、特点等。
6.语言特点:①语言准确、简洁,句式结构复杂,长难句比较多;②生词术语较多,阅读难度大。
积阅读单词
Para.1:shelter n.庇护所;amazing adj.令人惊叹的;
Para.2:sense n.感官;memory n.记忆;
Para.3:behavior n.行为;random adj.随意的;adorable adj.可爱的
垒主题词块
Para.1:express their needs表达它们的需求;ask for help请求帮助;
scare away吓跑;Para.2:look out for注意;
Para.3:take up a notch提高一个等级
析长难语句
Para.2:However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.
[句式分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为主系表结构;介词短语by looking for familiar smells作表语;定语从句the cats...situations修饰先行词way。
[尝试翻译]　
[语言赏析]　通过However进行转折,暗示猫区分情况的方式有多种,而本句展示的方式与其他方式形成了对比。这一转折不仅使句子与前文紧密连接,而且让读者感到逻辑清晰,顺利理解文章的展开。
然而,猫能够区分情况的另一种方式是寻找熟悉的气味。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.应用文写作
(2025·湖北高三联考)
假如你是李华,你校交换生Harvey在校园网上发布了一则广告,希望寻找一个合适的寄宿家庭(host family),以更好地体验当地人的生活以及提高他的中文水平。请你给他写一封邮件,推荐自己的家,内容包括:
1.推荐的理由;
2.学习中文的建议。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Harvey,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Harvey,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.Having noticed your advertisement for a host family on the school website,I’m writing to recommend my home.
Firstly,my home is near the school,which is convenient. Furthermore,my parents are Chinese teachers,providing you with a good opportunity to practice Chinese and learn Chinese culture. Lastly,my family members are friendly and easy-going.When it comes to learning Chinese,the best way is to communicate often with natives and get involved in Chinese activities.Additionally,you can also learn from Chinese TV series and songs.
My whole family would be happy if you choose my home.Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·湛江高三模拟)
Brad Howard,a Texas father,had enough of his son’s disruptive (扰乱性的) behavior in physics class.Despite multiple warnings and complaints from the teacher about his son’s excessive (过多的) talking,the situation didn’t improve.
So,Brad decided to take matters into his own hands and gave his son,Bradley,a final warning.Brad made a bold promise to his son,saying,“Hey,if we get another call,I’m going to show up in school and sit beside you in class.”
The 17-year-old Bradley probably thought his dad was just bluffing (唬人) and continued his chatty (爱闲聊的) ways.But when Brad received another email from the teacher,he knew he had to follow through with his threat.
On the morning of the important day,Brad’s wife woke him up and said,“Brad,it’s time for you to go to school.” It struck him what he had said.He just couldn’t but a bit regret,“Oh,no,what have I done ”
Despite his unwillingness,Brad was determined to keep his word and headed to his son’s high school.
The sight of Brad sitting next to Bradley in class was a source of amusement for Bradley’s friends,who found the situation ridiculous. Bradley,on the other hand,was less than thrilled.
He couldn’t believe that his dad had actually gone through with his threat,The embarrassment of having his own father sitting beside him in class was enough to make him regret his behavior.As the class started,Bradley could feel all eyes on him and his dad.He could sense the judgment and the whispers from his classmates.
“Hey,Bradley,it looks like your dad is really serious about this,” one of his friends whispered across the hallway,trying to hold back a laugh.
“Yeah,this is so embarrassing,” Bradley whispered,his cheeks turning a deep shade of red.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
But as the class progressed,something unexpected happened.　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
After school,Bradley hesitantly approached his dad with newfound appreciation.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
But as the class progressed,something unexpected happened. Brad didn’t just sit there quietly,he actively participated in the lesson.He listened intently,raised his hand to answer questions,and even asked questions himself.Bradley couldn’t help but notice the surprised looks on his teacher’s face and the nods of approval.As the day went on,it became clear to Bradley that his dad’s intention was not to embarrass him but to teach him a valuable lesson.
After school,Bradley hesitantly approached his dad with newfound appreciation.“Thanks,Dad,” he said quietly.“I didn’t realize you were trying to teach me something important.I know the importance of taking education seriously and respecting my teachers.I realize my attitude is not only affecting my own learning but also disrupting the learning environment for others.” Bradley’s dad put a hand on his shoulder and smiled.“I love you,son.Sometimes we need to learn things in a hard way,but I’m always here for you.”

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