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1.（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）介绍了近年来汉服非常流行，并对其流行的原因进行了说明。 1
2.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）主要探讨了青少年感到孤独的心理状态，以及在日本和韩国，独处已成为一种生活方式。尝试在独处中找到力量，可以使人感觉更好。 3
3.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫Guilford的心理学家进行了一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你跳出框框。 4
4.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）主要介绍了微笑的好处。 6
5.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）主要介绍了中国的剪纸。 8
6.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）讲述了中国正在讨论是否允许宠物乘坐高铁，这引发了网友的热烈讨论。中国铁路客户服务中心最近进行了一项调查，收集乘客对此话题的意见。 9
7.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）介绍了企鹅这种动物，涉及到其生活地点，习性等。 11
8.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）主要介绍了一项关于动物能否识别镜中自己的科学实验。 12
9.（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）主要介绍了晒太阳有益身体健康的几个方面。 14
10.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）介绍了中国传统扇子的文化和历史。 16
11.（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）简要介绍了形成太平洋垃圾带形成的原因——微塑料。作者向读者介绍了微塑料的危害，号召大家少向海洋扔塑料垃圾。 17
12.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）主要介绍了北京101中学为学生们提供的AI课程，随着技术的发展，信息教育、人工智能教育正在逐渐走进中小学生的课堂，人工智能教育将变得越来越重要。 19
13.（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）讲述了关于机器人与食品科学结合的新发明。 20
14.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）介绍发明万维网的英国发明家TimBernersLee． 22
15.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）介绍“为知识付钱”产业兴起的原因及产生的问题，提醒读者要理智地选择产品。 24
16.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）文章主要介绍BMI技术应用于帮助瘫痪患者自己喝水，文章也介绍该技术的优势以及该技术仍在开发阶段。 25
17.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）介绍了一个名叫Theo的机器人，它可以在郁金香田里工作，目的是寻找生病的郁金香，并杀死它们，以防止病毒在有价值的植物中传播。 27
18.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）主要解释了为什么人们会有“文化冲击”以及如何应对。 29
19.（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）关于成功意味着学习——还是证明你很聪明的这一话题进行了讨论。 30
20.（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）讲述了塑料污染问题的严重性，及McCartney在缓解塑料污染问题上做出的努力，其中包括塑料被研究做成马路并可实现回收再利用。 32
1.（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）
Hanfu fashion has become more and more popular with young people. China has followed Western fashion designs in recent years, but a growing number of young people are now looking to the past for fashion ideas.
If you look closely around your city, you might notice hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han dynasty. In a recently published report by an online shopping platform, about 2 million hanfu clothes were sold in 2020, nearly 4 times as many as those sold in 2019. Most of the buyers are between 19 and 24 years old.
But why has this traditional clothing become popular with young Chinese people For some of them, it’s a costume for relaxation. Dafan, a 24-year-old college student, told CGTN that dressing in hanfu is a way for her to get away from the troubles of real life. Modern clothing, on the other hand, represents the identity (身份) people need to show every day. “Hanfu and modern clothing help me to show the different sides in me,” she said.
Other teenagers like hanfu because of the culture behind it. They see it as a way to reconnect (再连接) with traditions. Its wide sleeves, crossed collars (领口) and flowing robes (飘逸的长袍) bring people back to ancient times.
“Hanfu is the symbol (象征) of the Chinese traditional culture.” Nanhe, a 21-year-old costume studio owner, told CGTN.
1．Hanfu appeared (出现) in China ________.
A．in 2018 B．in Tang Dynasty C．in 2019 D．in Han dynasty
2．According to the passage, about ________ Hanfu clothes were sold in 2019.
A．600,000 B．500,000 C．2,000,000 D．8,000,000
3．Who likes to buy Hanfu best
A．Students from 4 to 15 years old. B．Teenagers from 13 to 19 years old.
C．Adults between 30 and 50 years old. D．People between 19 and 24 years old.
4．The underlined phrase “wide sleeves” means ________.
A．宽大的衣袖 B．鲜艳的色彩 C．漂亮的丝带 D．纤细的腰围
5．Which paragraph tells why Hanfu is popular
A．①②③ B．②④⑤ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了近年来汉服非常流行，并对其流行的原因进行了说明。
1．细节理解题。根据“If you look closely around your city, you might notice hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han dynasty.”可知，汉服是汉朝的传统服装，出现于汉朝。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“In a recently published report by an online shopping platform, about 2 million hanfu clothes were sold in 2020, nearly 4 times as many as those sold in 2019.”可知，2020年汉服销量约为200万件，是2019年销量的近4倍，2019年的销售量为50万。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Most of the buyers are between 19 and 24 years old.”可知，19岁到24岁的人最喜欢汉服。故选D。
4．词句猜测题。根据“Its wide sleeves, crossed collars (领口) and flowing robes (飘逸的长袍) bring people back to ancient times.”可知，它宽大的袖子、交叉的领子和飘逸的长袍把人们带回到古代，wide sleeves意为“宽大的袖子”。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“But why has this traditional clothing become popular with young Chinese people ”、“Other teenagers like hanfu because of the culture behind it.”和“‘Hanfu is the symbol (象征) of the Chinese traditional culture.’”可知，文章的三、四、五段介绍了汉服受欢迎的原因。故选C。
2.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
Do you sometimes feel left alone Teenagers need to feel like they are members of a group. Just having to eat alone in the dining hall is enough to make them feel worried. They are afraid of being called a “loner (独来独往的人)”.
But being a loner doesn’t always mean being strange or disliked. In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people who think about being alone to be a part of everyday life.
In South Korea, there are a growing number of people who describe themselves as “honjok”. These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves.
In Japan, people have had a strong loner culture over the years. There are solo (单人的) cafes and solo KTVs. The restaurants for solo diners are especially popular. There are boards between two seats in a line against the wall. Diners can’t see the faces of other people.
Knowing that you are not the only loner may make you feel better. But more importantly, you can try to find strength in your aloneness.
Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention. “It’s hard to feel lonely when you’re trying to learn a new skill, practice a hobby or try out a new diet,” wrote US lifestyle writer Adrienne Breaux.
1．Why don’t some teenagers want to be alone
A．Because eating alone is bad for their health.
B．Because they are worried about being called a “loner”.
C．Because making friends can make them feel different.
D．Because they may not feel safe when staying alone.
2．What does “honjok” mean in South Korea
A．A group of people being alone. B．Solo cafes and solo KTVs.
C．People who are afraid of being alone. D．Teenagers who like practicing hobbies together.
3．What does the writer mention (提及) South Korea and Japan for
A．To explain being a loner has become a lifestyle in many countries.
B．To show teenagers are afraid of being called a “loner”.
C．To explain being a loner sometimes means being strange or disliked.
D．To show aloneness is good for us in some ways.
4．Aloneness can help us ________.
①take a look at ourselves ②devote ourselves to doing things
③know we are the only loner ④try to become strong
A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④
5．The purpose of the passage is to________.
A．tell us the bad points of being alone B．show real loners in different countries
C．introduce Asian cultures among youth D．help people look at aloneness in a good way
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文主要探讨了青少年感到孤独的心理状态，以及在日本和韩国，独处已成为一种生活方式。尝试在独处中找到力量，可以使人感觉更好。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Just having to eat alone in the dining hall is enough to make them feel worried. They are afraid of being called a ‘loner’.”可知，仅仅是一个人在食堂吃饭就足以让他们感到担心。他们害怕被称为“孤独者”。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据第三段 “In South Korea, there are a growing number of people who describe themselves as ‘honjok’. These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves.”可知，在韩国，越来越多的人称自己为‘honjok’”。这些人独自吃饭，独自旅行，享受独处。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people who think about being alone to be a part of everyday life.”可知，在许多国家，独处已经成为年轻人的一种生活方式，他们认为独处是日常生活的一部分。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But more importantly, you can try to find strength in your aloneness.”和最后一段“Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention.”可知，在孤独中可以找到力量，独处让你有时间审视自己的内心，或者全神贯注地做其他事情。故选C。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要探讨了青少年感到孤独的心理状态，以及在日本和韩国，独处已成为一种生活方式。尝试在独处中找到力量，可以使人感觉更好。故选D。
3.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
People think differently, but how does this happen To find out the answer, Dr. Guilford, a famous psychologist, carried out a study on creativity (创造力) in the 1970s, known at The Nine-Dot Puzzle (九点谜题).
In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle. The following survey showed that all failed participators had looked for ways in the virtual (虚拟的) box, which is formed with virtual lines. But the winners could break out of the virtual box and continued their lines in the open space around the dots. The results of Guilford’s research led him to an idea: creativity needs you to go outside the box.
The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that there were creativity experts everywhere, teaching people how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study.
To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as those in Guilford’s study. The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily. Guess what Less than 25% solved the puzzle. It was nearly the same as the result of Guilford’s study. The result made everyone surprised, but it was the truth.
Let’s look more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem needs people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions —“think outside the box” did not help participators solve the puzzle more easily. In some ways, the idea that thinking outside the box makes people more creative can be improper.
1．Which of the following can solve The Nine-Dot Puzzle
A． B． C． D．
2．Most people thought that in Guilford’s study, more participators would solve the puzzle if ________.
A．they could find out the imagined box more quickly
B．they were given some more time to complete the puzzle
C．they were told to draw the lines outside the imagined box
D．they could discuss the ways together with other participators
3．Which part of the article explains Burnham with Davis and Alba with Robert’s study and their findings
A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5.
4．Which is the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
5．The passage probably tells us that ________.
A．the popular ideas among most people are true
B．the “facts” accepted by many people may not be facts
C．being good at going outside the box means creativity
D．practising solving puzzles does help to think differently
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫Guilford的心理学家进行了一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你跳出框框。
1．推理判断题。根据“In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle.”可知，要求参与者在不从纸上拿起铅笔的情况下，用最多四条直线连接所有九个点，结合选项，图D符合。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily.”可知，人们预期如果参与者被告知可以在想象的边界之外画线，会有更多人解决这个谜题，故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段结尾“The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study.这个想法太受欢迎了，以至于没有人想到去核实事实，直到两个不同的研究团队做了另一项研究”以及第四段开头“To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups.为了验证吉尔福德的想法是否正确，参与者被分成两组”可知，第四段解释他们的研究和发现，故选C。
4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题，第二段到第五段详细地讨论了“超越框架思维”的传播，研究以及意外发现，并对其进行反思，得出结论。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。文章讨论了广泛认为的“超越框架思维”提升创造力的观点，并指出这一观点在解决九点谜题时并没有带来更好的问题解决能力。最后得出结论，广为接受的观点并不总是正确的，故选B。
4.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）
A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he is pleased with a grade on a test. Or a person might smile if a friend tells a funny joke. People smile for many different reasons. But smiles are more than just a way for people to show that they are happy. There are other good reasons to smile often.
First, it is easier to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile. But it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your face a rest and smile!
Second, smiles are nice. People may try to look nice on the outside by wearing nice clothes.
However, there is a famous saying: ______. That is because it is easy to be around someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to be around someone who is unhappy all the time.
Third, smiles are helpful. Both smiling and laughing can quickly spread from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend (倾向) to laugh with him. If a person is sad, the best thing to do is to share a smile or laugh. It is the easiest and cheapest way to cheer someone up. Usually nobody would like to turn down the invitation which is offered by a person with a smile.
Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even if you are mad or sad, try smiling. You’ll find that it will be hard to stay mad or sad for very long.
1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 3
A．If you smile at life, life will smile at you.
B．A smile is the best thing a person can wear.
C．Smile is the most beautiful language in the world.
D．Life without smiles is like a spring without flowers.
2．What do the underlined words “turn down” in Paragraph 4 mean most possibly
A．accept B．discuss C．refuse D．share
3．What can we learn from the text
A．It takes people more muscles to show happiness.
B．It is very good for people’s bodies to smile and laugh.
C．Everyone wants to be around someone who is unhappy.
D．If someone smiles, people around him don’t want to smile.
4．What can be the best title for this text
A．The power of smiling. B．The importance of happiness.
C．Different ways of smiling. D．Ways of making people happy.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了微笑的好处。
1．推理判断题。根据“People may try to look nice on the outside by wearing nice clothes.”以及“That is because it is easy to be around someone who is smiling and happy.”可知，拥有微笑比穿漂亮的衣服更容易让人接近，因此B选项“微笑是一个人能拥有的最好的东西。”符合语境。故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据“Third, smiles are helpful.”以及“Usually nobody would like to turn down the invitation which is offered by a person with a smile.”可知，通常没有人会拒绝一个面带微笑的人发出的邀请。因此划线单词的意思是“拒绝”，与refuse同义。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body.”可知，微笑和大笑对人的身体非常好。故选B。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了微笑的好处。因此文章的标题是“微笑的力量”。故选A。
5.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
Chinese paper cutting, or jianzhi, has been practiced for thousands of years. To this day, it is still a popular form of art across the country.
The art form is said to go back to the Han Dynasty. During that time, paper was very expensive. It was used mainly for writing and making important documents (文件). During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese people started using paper for artistic expression. Paper cutting became popular.
Chinese paper cutting involves (包含) the use of scissors or a knife to cut designs out of mon (常见的) themes include animals, plants and traditional Chinese symbols. Paper cuttings with the characters fu, shou and xi are often seen as well.
In the past, paper cuttings were usually used as decorations for festivals. Today, red paper cuttings of the zodiac animals (生肖动物) are still common sights during Chinese New Year. These paper cuttings are put up on windows and doors and the practice is believed to bring good luck.
Making a paper cutting takes several steps. First, the artist chooses a design and draws it on a piece of paper. Then, the artist carefully cuts out the design. As the last step, the finished paper cutting is pasted (贴) on a door, window or wall.
Chinese paper cutting has become more than just a traditional art form. It is also a symbol of Chinese culture. In recent years, Chinese paper cutting has been enjoyed by people all over the world. It is used not only for decorative purposes, but also in fashion, design, advertising and more areas.
Chinese paper cutting is a fragile (脆弱的) art form. Fortunately (幸好), some people are trying to keep this tradition alive. They want to make sure that it will be passed down to many more generations (代).
1．When did Chinese paper cutting become popular
A．In recent years. B．In the Han Dynasty.
C．In the Tang Dynasty. D．About hundreds of years ago.
2．What does the underlined word “characters” mean according to the passage
A．汉字 B．人物 C．特点 D．角色
3．Which of the following is the RIGHT order of making a paper cutting according to the passage
①Cut out the design carefully.
②Choose a design that you like.
③Paste the cutting on a door, window or wall.
④Draw the design on a piece of paper.
A．①②③④ B．④②①③ C．②④①③ D．②④③①
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．The history of Chinese paper cutting is short.
B．Chinese paper cutting will disappear very soon.
C．Chinese paper cutting is only used as decorations.
D．Chinese paper cutting is becoming more popular around the world.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．Chinese New Year B．Chinese Paper Cutting
C．An Art Festival D．Modern Culture
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的剪纸。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese people started using paper for artistic expression. Paper cutting became popular.”可知，剪纸在唐朝流行起来，故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据“fu, shou and xi are often seen as well”可知，此句是说剪纸上的“福”、“寿”、“喜”等字也经常出现。所以“characters”的意思是“汉字”，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段“First, the artist chooses a design and draws it on a piece of paper.”，“Then, the artist carefully cuts out the design.”和“As the last step, the finished paper cutting is pasted (贴) on a door, window or wall.”可知，制作剪纸的步骤是这样的。首先，选择一个设计，并把它画在一张纸上。然后，仔细地剪出图案。最后，将完成的剪纸粘贴在门、窗或墙上。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In recent years, Chinese paper cutting has been enjoyed by people all over the world.”可知，中国剪纸在世界上越来越受欢迎，故选D。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国的剪纸，故选B。
6.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
A survey of people’s opinions on allowing pets to ride on China’s high-speed trains has led to a lively discussion online, with some agreeing it would greatly encourage pet owners and others to pay attention to hygiene (卫生) and practicality (实用性).
Although pets are not allowed on high-speed trains, the railway worker has begun looking for the possibility of allowing small pets to travel under certain conditions.
The China Railway Customer Service Center recently made a survey to collect passengers’ (乘客) opinions on the topic. Passengers can answer 15 questions of the topic of “Pet Travel on High-Speed Trains”. The questions cover the necessity (必要性) of pet transportation (运输) by high-speed train, the types of pets to be transported, the frequency and price of such services, protective ways and suggestions from people who do not own pets.
“In recent years, we have received a number of questions from passengers for the possibility of pet transportation on high-speed trains,” the center said in a statement.
“Based on feedback (反馈) from the survey, we will further look for the possibility of high-speed pet transportation. We welcome suggestions and opinions from the public.”
Some netizens (网友) support the idea of allowing pets to ride on high-speed trains, mentioning the convenience (方便) it would offer to pet owners.
With the continuous development of the railway network, rail travel has become more and more popular in China. According to China State Railway Group, there were 3.68 billion trips made last year.
As the need for pet-friendly travel choices grows and discussions around pet rules on high-speed trains continue, there is hope that a balanced solution (解决方法) can be found that satisfies (使满意) both pet owners and other passengers.
1．What is the main topic of discussion according to the passage
A．The benefits (好处) of allowing pets on high-speed trains.
B．Whether pets should be allowed on high-speed trains.
C．The disadvantages (缺点) of allowing pets on high-speed trains.
D．Care about hygiene and practicality if pets are allowed.
2．Which of the following is NOT included in the questions that passengers answer
A．The food that pets need during the journey.
B．Which kinds of pets should be allowed on trains.
C．Advice from passengers who are not pet owners.
D．How often and at what price such services are provided.
3．What does the center plan to do with the feedback from the survey
A．Share the feedback and not make any changes.
B．Stop receiving questions about pet transportation.
C．Look for the possibility of high-speed pet transportation.
D．Allow pet transportation on high-speed trains at once.
4．Why do some netizens support the idea of allowing pets to ride on high-speed trains
A．Pets will enjoy the wonderful travel experience.
B．Pet owners will save money on pet transportation.
C．High-speed trains will be more fun with pets on board.
D．It will be easier for pet owners to travel with their pets.
5．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．A solution may be found to satisfy different groups.
B．The discussions will end without any changes being made,
C．The high-speed train service is not thinking about any changes.
D．Pet owners are not allowed to travel with their pets.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国正在讨论是否允许宠物乘坐高铁，这引发了网友的热烈讨论。中国铁路客户服务中心最近进行了一项调查，收集乘客对此话题的意见。
1．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，主要讨论的是是否应该允许宠物乘坐高铁，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“The questions cover the necessity (必要性) of pet transportation (运输) by high-speed train, the types of pets to be transported, the frequency and price of such services, protective ways and suggestions from people who do not own pets.”可知，乘客需要回答的问题并未包括宠物在旅途中需要的食物，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Based on feedback (反馈) from the survey, we will further look for the possibility of high-speed pet transportation.”可知，中心计划根据调查反馈寻找高速宠物运输的可能性，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Some (网友) support the idea of allowing pets to ride on high-speed trains, mentioning the convenience (方便) it would offer to pet owners.”可知，一些网友支持允许宠物乘坐高铁的想法，因为这将为宠物主人提供便利，故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“As the need for pet-friendly travel choices grows and discussions around pet rules on high-speed trains continue, there is hope that a balanced solution (解决方法) can be found that satisfies (使满意) both pet owners and other passengers.”可知，我们可以推断出可能会找到一个能满足不同群体的解决方案，故选A。
7.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）
Short, fat and looking as if they were attending a formal dinner dressed in a tuxedo, penguins could easily be mistaken for people from a distance! There are 18 penguin types from the smallest, the Little Blue at 40 cm to the Emperor Penguins at 120 cm. Only two types—the Adelie and the Emperor penguin—live in the Antarctic.
Penguins are flightless birds found in the southern hemisphere. They are not found near the North Pole. Penguins have short legs and when they want to move fast, they slide on the ice on their stomachs. Penguins are used to the sea and the cold of the southern pole. To keep the water out of their body, they have oily, thickly-packed feathers that also help retain heat.
Penguins are excellent swimmers and this is where they use their wings. These birds use their wings to push themselves in the water and also take short flights, like hens, out of the water to come on to land. Their swims may last up to 15 minutes and they can reach speeds of 35 kilometres per hour.
In late September, millions of penguins move to their living ground to lay eggs. Each year the same pair of penguins mate. The female lays one or two eggs. Both male and female penguins take care of the eggs. The eggs are stayed tightly with the feet under their soft stomachs.
After eight weeks, the chick comes out and sits on the parents feet, as the ground is still too cold for its bottom! When the chicks are three weeks old, they join a crèche. These crèches are not what you think. A crèche here is a group of penguins gathered together for warmth. A crèche is made up of thousands of little chicks taken care of by a few adults.
1．Which kind of penguins live in the Antarctic
A．The Little Blue. B．Gentoo Penguins.
C．Chinstrap Penguins. D．The Emperor Penguins.
2．The underlined word “retain” in Paragraph 2 means ________ .
A．recycle B．keep C．reduce D．produce
3．What can we learn from this passage
A．We can find penguins near the North Pole.
B．Only female penguins take care of the eggs.
C．Penguins have oily, thickly-packed feathers.
D．Penguins can reach speeds of 35 kilometres per minute.
4．________ may like this passage best.
A．An animal-lover B．A volunteer C．A guide D．A librarian
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了企鹅这种动物，涉及到其生活地点，习性等。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Only two types—the Adelie and the Emperor penguin—live in the Antarctic.”可知，只有阿德利企鹅和帝王企鹅两种企鹅住在南极洲，故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据上文“they have oily, thickly—packed feathers”可知，企鹅有油性的，密集排列的羽毛，这种羽毛可以保持热量，所以retain意为“保持”，与keep同义，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“they have oily, thickly—packed feathers”可知，企鹅有油性的，密集排列的羽毛，故选C。
4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了关于企鹅的各种事情，是动物爱好者会喜欢的文章。故选A。
8.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）
The mirror test is a way to test if an animal can recognize (识别) itself. A mark is put on an animal, then the animal is allowed to look in a mirror (镜子). If the animal seems to notice the mark, scientists believe the animal has recognized itself (and knows that the mark shouldn’t be there).
The mirror test is often seen as a sign of how smart an animal is. But some scientists believe ________________. Roosters are a good example. Scientists recently ran the mirror test on roosters by putting a mark on the their wings. But when the roosters looked in a mirror, they didn’t seem to notice the mark. So the scientists needed a different way to test if the roosters could recognize themselves.
When there’s danger—like an eagle flying above—roosters make loud noise to warn nearby chickens. But roosters only make the noise if other chickens can hear them. If they’re alone, they keep quiet so the eagle won’t see them.
The scientists realized that they could use the shadow of an eagle to test if the roosters thought they were alone—even when they could see “another” chicken in a mirror. First, the scientists let the roosters spend time getting used to being in a space with a mirror around. Then, they ran several tests by making an eagle shadow appear above the bird. When there was no mirror, the roosters acted as usual. They called out when they were near another rooster, but kept quiet when they were alone. But when a rooster was in a space where it could see itself in the mirror, it kept silent when it saw the eagle shadow. It did this even if there was a rooster hidden behind the mirror.
The scientists say the results show that the roosters knew they were seeing themselves in the mirror, not other roosters. Maybe some animals are cleverer than people thought.
1．What can be put in the blank in Paragraph 2
A．the mirror test doesn’t work well for all animals
B．only some big animals can pass the mirror test
C．the mirror test is the best way to test animals
D．it is hard work to run tests on all the animals
2．According to Paragraph 3, a rooster will ________ when it is alone seeing an eagle.
A．hide behind the mirror B．make loud noise
C．go for other roosters D．keep quiet
3．Why does the writer use quotation marks for “another” in Paragraph 4
A．To tell us how clever a rooster can be.
B．To tell us that roosters like to live alone.
C．To show it’s the rooster itself in the mirror.
D．To show roosters act differently with others around.
4．We can learn about the roosters that ________.
A．they are in fact not as clever as we thought
B．they make loud noise to keep others from danger
C．they usually hide behind the mirror when eagles come
D．they can’t recognize themselves with marks on their bodies
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项关于动物能否识别镜中自己的科学实验。
1．推理判断题。根据“The mirror test is often seen as a sign of how smart an animal is”可知，此处提及了镜子测试通常被视为动物有多聪明的标志，结合But表示转折可知，说明空处句意与前句相反，选项A“镜子测试并不适用于所有动物。”符合语境。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“If they’re alone, they keep quiet so the eagle won’t see them.”可知，公鸡在独自看见老鹰时会保持沉默。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据“The scientists realized that they could use the shadow of an eagle to test if the roosters thought they were alone—even when they could see ‘another’ chicken in a mirror.”可知，他们可以利用鹰的影子来测试公鸡是否认为自己是独自一人——即使它们在镜子里看到“另一只”鸡，由此可知，此处用another是为了表示镜子中只有公鸡自己。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“When there’s danger—like an eagle flying above—roosters make loud noise to warn nearby chickens.”可知，当遇到危险时，公鸡会发出很大的声音来提醒附近的鸡。故选B。
9.（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）
Why do people feel happier when the sun is out That is exactly the same question I asked many years ago when I was sitting on a nice sunny beach. I remember thinking, “Oh, tomorrow I need to fly back to rainy London. The terrible weather will make me unhappy.”
In fact, I did some research into whether (是否) sunshine does make us happier. I found that people may feel a bit unhappier in winter because the sunlight is not enough in the season.
Sunlight causes your body to produce the serotonin (血清素). It can affect (影响) your mood and your sleep. When you’re in the sun your body will make more serotonin. It will make you feel better and full of energy. However, many people who work indoors may not get enough sunlight. This is why getting outside in the sunshine is a great way to improve your mood.
Your skin produces Vitamin (维生素) D from sunlight, and this is important for strong bones and being healthy. From April to September, most people in the UK make enough Vitamin D from sunshine alone. In winter, however, you won’t get enough from sunshine. That is why the UK government recommends that everyone should try taking Vitamin D in autumn and winter.
Please remember that while sunlight are good for us in many ways, it’s also important to be safe in the sun. This means wearing a hat and sunglasses, and avoiding being in direct sunlight for too long. And never look at the Sun directly—that’s very dangerous.
1．How did the writer start the passage
A．By playing a game. B．By introducing others’ studies.
C．By showing a picture. D．By sharing his own experiences.
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Why sunlight makes us happier. B．Why people should work outdoors.
C．How serotonin affects people’s mood. D．How much serotonin can make us happier.
3．What does the UK government recommend
A．Getting enough outdoor activities in winter.
B．Making your skin produce more Vitamin D．
C．Taking some Vitamin D in autumn and winter.
D．Saving more sunlight from April to September.
4．Which of the following may the writer agree with
A．Keeping away from the sun. B．Wearing sunglasses all the time.
C．Keeping safe when enjoying sunlight. D．Staying in the sun as long as possible.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了晒太阳有益身体健康的几个方面。
1．推理判断题。根据“That is exactly the same question I asked many years ago when I was sitting on a nice sunny beach. I remember thinking, ‘Oh, tomorrow I need to fly back to rainy London. The terrible weather will make me unhappy.’”可知，作者以分享自己在海边享受阳光的经历作为文章的开头。故选D。
2．段落大意题。根据“Sunlight causes your body to produce the serotonin. It can affect your mood and your sleep阳光使你的身体产生血清素。它会影响你的情绪和睡眠”及“This is why getting outside in the sunshine is a great way to improve your mood这就是为什么到户外晒晒太阳是改善情绪的好方法”可知，该段介绍了为什么阳光让我们更快乐的原因。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“That is why the UK government recommends that everyone should try taking Vitamin D in autumn and winter.”可知，英国政府建议每个人都应该尝试在秋冬服用维生素D。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Please remember that while sunlight are good for us in many ways, it’s also important to be safe in the sun.”可知，作者建议在享受阳光时也应注意安全。故选C。
10.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
In summer, people wave their fans to beat the heat. But the traditional Chinese fan is not just a tool for cooling down. It’s an important part of Chinese culture.
The history of the Chinese fan dates back to over 3,000 years ago, around the time of the Shang Dynasty. One of the earliest known “fans” were named shanhan (扇汗). They weren’t like the fans we see today. These were tied to a horse-drawn carriage (马车) to prevent the heat of the sun and shelter passengers from the rain. The shanhan then developed into a long-handled fan called the zhangshan (障扇). This type of fan was made of silk or bird feathers and was mainly used by the emperor’s honor guard (仪仗队) for decoration. It wasn’t until the Zhou Dynasty that people started using folding fans to cool down.
During the Han Dynasty, the fan became popular among common people. This was because more affordable bamboo fans had been invented. The popularity of these fans continued until the Tang and Song Dynasties. Around the same time, a new type of silk fan was also introduced. Loved by young women, the silk fans were round to resemble the moon. They were also called “round fans,” or tuanshan. Later, this moon-shaped fan took on many other shapes.
The ribs (扇骨) of these silk round fans were traditionally made from bamboo or animal bones. The handles were usually decorated with different designs. The main “face” of the fan was often hand-painted with calligraphy (书法) and scenes such as mountains or flowers. Folding fans were mainly made up of panels (扇面) and ribs. For the ribs, people used different kinds of materials, including wood, bones and bamboo. The panels of the folding fan were usually made of paper, silk or other materials. They formed an empty space for artists to use as a canvas (画布). Their calligraphy work and painted scenes added color to the fans.
From the Song Dynasty on, fan painting became an art form of its own. Works of art featuring birds and flowers were popular among young women. Men, however, preferred fans decorated with calligraphy. Mythical (神话的) creatures were also popular choices. Dragons were often painted onto men’s fans while ladies usually preferred phoenixes (凤凰).
1．When were fans used to beat the heat
A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Han Dynasty.
C．In the Zhou Dynasty. D．In the Song Dynasty.
2．Why did fans become popular among common people
A．Because cheaper bamboo fans were invented.
B．Because people want to cool down in summer.
C．Because more people learned to make fans.
D．Because a new type of silk fan was invented.
3．What is the underlined word “resemble” in the third paragraph similar to
A．cut out B．look like C．turn into D．make up
4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统扇子的文化和历史。
1．细节理解题。根据“It wasn’t until the Zhou Dynasty that people started using folding fans to cool down.”可知，在周朝人们才开始用折扇降温。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“This was because more affordable bamboo fans had been invented.”可知，扇子在普通人中流行是因为人们发明了更实惠的竹扇。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Loved by young women, the silk fans were round to Loved by young women, the silk fans were round to resemble the moon. They were also called ‘round fans,’ or tuanshan. ”可知，此处指扇子圆得像月亮，故推出resemble意为“类似，看起来”，与选项B“看起来像”意思相近。故选B。
4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是总段介绍了扇子的历史；第二、三段分别介绍了扇子的历史演变；第四、五段分别介绍了扇面绘画艺术。故选C。
11.（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is an area in the ocean which has a huge floating collection of plastic waste. It is located in the North Pacific Ocean. According to some reports, it is around 1.6 million square kilometers in size. This is so big that it now covers an area of the ocean similar to six times the size of the United Kingdom.
Most of the plastic is not large items like bottles or boards. A large percentage of the debris (碎片) is made up of “microplastics” (smaller than 5 millimeters). These microplastics are the tiny pieces of larger items that have been worn down over time. This can be caused by the sun, the waves and even by sea creatures (生物). Items do not just stay floating on the water. Different types of plastics can float just below the water or even much lower down into the ocean. Larger items include fishing ropes and nets that have been lost or dropped at sea.
The largest attempt (尝试) in history is now being made to understand and deal with the problem. Scientists have been counting, weighing and separating every tiny item of plastic collected. Larger items are easier to remove from the ocean than the tiny microplastics. However, if these larger items are not removed, they may break down into smaller pieces.
This means it can stay in the environment for hundreds of years, so every piece of plastic ever produced is still there today. It is also a danger to fish, birds and other sea life because creatures mistake tiny plastics for food. The tiny microplastics take in pollutants which make them poisonous (有毒的) to sea life. Some larger plastics can also hurt creatures. The nets floating in the ocean are known to catch sea life and make it impossible for them to get away. Fish, sea turtles and dolphins are among the creatures in great danger from these “ghost nets”.
Of course, the best solution of all is for us to try to reduce the plastic entering the oceans first. If we want to create less waste to reuse and recycle, then we can reduce the number of new plastics adding to this and other garbage patches.
1．The writer talked about the size of the garbage patch in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A．show how serious the problem is B．guess where plastic waste can be found
C．explain how big the UK’s area is D．discuss how the garbage patch formed
2．The following sentence would be best placed at the beginning of ________.
Plastic is cheap and quite easy to make, however, it is very long-lasting.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
3．What can we learn about microplastics
A．They are from the sea. B．They are easier to clean up.
C．They are the food to the birds. D．They are formed over time.
4．Why is plastic harmful to sea creatures
A．Because larger plastics take their living area in the ocean.
B．Because different types of plastics can get down into the ocean.
C．Because people try to create less waste by reusing and recycling.
D．Because sea creatures may die as they eat polluted microplastics.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文简要介绍了形成太平洋垃圾带形成的原因——微塑料。作者向读者介绍了微塑料的危害，号召大家少向海洋扔塑料垃圾。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This is so big that it now covers an area of the ocean similar to six times the size of the United Kingdom.”可知，作者在第一段中谈到了垃圾带的大小，以表明这个问题的严重性。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段“This means it can stay in the environment for hundreds of years, so every piece of plastic ever produced is still there today.”可知第四段提到塑料是可以在环境中停留数百年，强调了它的耐用持久性，所以改句可以置于第四段开头。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段“These microplastics are the tiny pieces of larger items that have been worn down over time.”可知，微塑料是随着时间的推移而形成的。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段“It is also a danger to fish, birds and other sea life because creatures mistake tiny plastics for food. The tiny microplastics take in pollutants which make them poisonous to sea life.”可知，塑料对海洋生物有害是因为海洋生物吃了被污染的微塑料可能会死亡。故选D。
12.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）
“Turn left! Turn right!” In the information technology (IT) class, Zhang Ruixuan was controlling a robot to move around.
“This is part of our artificial intelligence (AI) courses, ”said the 10th grader from Beijing 101 Middle School. The school provides AI (人工智能) classics to both junior and senior high school students. Apart from compulsory (必修的) courses that teach basic knowledge, there are also optional (选修的) courses if students want to learn more.
“This year in our compulsory class, we have learned coding (编程) through a programming language called Python,” said Zhang. Using Python to code is a basic skill for training AI models. In recent years, Python has been tested in high school graduation exams (高中会考) in places like Beijing, Jiangsu and Anhui.
In fact, having AI education in schools has become a growing trend (趋势) in many places, ▲ . In 2020 Zhejiang added AI education into textbooks from Grade 5 in primary school all the way to senior high. In the city of Wenzhou, the government is planning to build 1,000 AI experimental schools by 2025.
“With the development of technology, our textbooks have been changing all the time,” said Shang Yin, an IT teacher from Beijing 101 Middle School. “From typing to using Word and Excel, and then today’s coding and AI, the courses are keeping up with the times and teaching students necessary skills.” In the future, there will be more jobs where AI knowledge is needed. Even in daily life, people may need to understand things like ChatGPT and the internet of things (物联网). AI education will become increasingly important, Shang added.
1．How did the writer start the passage
A．By drawing a conclusion (结论). B．By telling a story.
C．By explaining the truth. D．By describing a scene.
2．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．robots is coming to class B．with Zhejiang province being a typical example
C．the courses starts to appear in high school D．many students are learning about AI now
3．What do we know about the AI class at Beijing 101 Middle School
A．It is an optional course. B．It only teaches basic knowledge.
C．It often makes students feel stressed. D．It teaches students to code with Python.
4．Why is AI education becoming increasingly important according to the passage
A．Because understanding AI is becoming an necessary skill
B．Because AI is included in all high school graduation exams.
C．Because AI is going to take over school education.
D．Because AI is students’ powerful competitor.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京101中学为学生们提供的AI课程，随着技术的发展，信息教育、人工智能教育正在逐渐走进中小学生的课堂，人工智能教育将变得越来越重要。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Tum left! Tum right!’ In the information technology (IT) class, Zhang Ruixuan was controlling a robot to move around.”可知，文章是通过描写张瑞轩同学在信息技术课上操控机器人转圈的场景开始的。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段“In 2020 Zhejiang added AI education into textbooks from Grade 5 in primary school all the way to senior high.”可知，2020年浙江将人工智能教育纳入小学五年级到高中的教科书。故此处说的是浙江省的例子。故选B。
3． 细节理解题。根据第三段“This year in our compulsory class, we have learned coding through a programming, language called Python.”可知，101中学教学生们用Python进行编程。故选D。
4． 推理判断题。根据第五段“From typing to using Word and Excel, and then today’s coding and AI, the courses are keeping up with the times and necessary skills.”以及“In the future, there will be more jobs where AI knowledge is required.”可知，因为AI将会成为人们必要的技能，所以AI课程变得越来越重要。故选A。
13.（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）
What would you like for lunch Maybe, a battery (电池) Although it sounds unusual, this has already been realized by scientists as they develop electronic (电子的) things you can eat.
Robofood, led by Dario Floreano from a Swiss Institute, has created a new drone (无人机) with scientists from Wageningen University, the Netherlands. Half of the parts inside can be eaten! The program aims to (旨在) make robots that can be eaten and foods that act like robots by mixing food science and robots in a new way.
The drone’s wings are made from rice cakes glued together with oil and chocolate. It can find missing people or animals in emergencies (紧急情况) and send food or medicine. Parts of the drone can be eaten because they meet food safety standards for emergencies set by the United Nations.
However, the main challenge is finding stronger edible (可食用的) materials for the drone’s wings to prepare for bad weather and high temperatures—of course, the chocolate may melt (融化) easily.
Robofood also developed an edible sensor (感应器) to help monitor stomach sickness. It’s eaten by the patient to check the conditions inside. It’s different from other sensors because it’s easy for your body to digest (消化), so it won’t leave any remains inside the body.
The invention of Robofood also helps with environmental protection. There are batteries that you can fully eat. They are made from natural things like Vitamin B2 and elements found in fruits. This helps the environment because you won’t have to throw them away like other batteries.
1．What is Robofood’s main goal
A．To develop smart drones. B．To create edible electronic things.
C．To help check stomach disease. D．To put sensors on drones.
2．What problem does Robofood’s drone have
A．The drone can easily lose its way during flying.
B．The drone cannot take off in bad weather.
C．The materials are not strong enough.
D．The materials cannot easily melt.
3．Compared to other sensors for checking the stomach, Robofood’s sensors ________.
A．can be easy to digest B．can check more carefully
C．can stay in the human body longer D．can be taken as medicine
4．Why is Robofood’s battery good for nature
A．It uses less power. B．It can be fully eaten.
C．It uses solar power. D．It is made from food waste.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文讲述了关于机器人与食品科学结合的新发明。
1．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“The program aims to (旨在) make robots that can be eaten and foods that act like robots by mixing food science and robots in a new way.”可知，Robofood的主要目标是创造可食用的电子产品。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“However, the main challenge is finding stronger edible (可食用的) materials for the drone’s wings to prepare for bad weather and high temperatures—of course, the chocolate may melt (融化) easily.”可知，Robofood的无人机材料不够坚固。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“It’s different from other sensors because it’s easy for your body to digest (消化), so it won’t leave any remains inside the body.”可知，与其他的检查胃部的传感器相比，Robofood的传感器容易消化。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“The invention of Robofood also helps with environmental protection. There are batteries that you can fully eat.”可知，Robofood的电池对大自然有益，因为它可以完全食用。故选B。
14.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
Tim Berners-Lee is not the most famous inventor in the world. However, his invention has changed
our lives.
He was born in London, England in 1955. When he was a small boy, Tim was interested in
playing with electrical things. He studied science at Oxford University. He made his first computer
from an old television at the age of 21.
Tim started working on early computers. At that time, they were much bigger than now. He worked in England then Switzerland. Tim was really interested in two things, computers and how the brain
works. How could the brain connect so many facts so quickly He had to work with people all
over the world. They shared information about computers. It was hard to manage all the information. He answered the same questions again and again. took a lot of time. It was even difficult for computers in the same office in Switzerland to share information. Tim also forgot things easily. Could a computer work like a brain Could it “talk” to other computers
There was an Internet already but it was difficult to use. In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web (WWW) all by himself. This had a special language that helped computers talk to each other on the Internet. When people wanted to share information with others, they used the World Wide Web. The Internet grew quickly after that.
Tim Berners-Lee doesn’t think he did anything special. He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there. All he did was to put them together. He says that many other people worked together to make the Internet what it is today.
Most inventors want to become rich. But Tim gave away the World Wide Web for nothing. He now works in America. He helps people share technology and wants the Internet to be free for everyone to use. Maybe he is the most important but least famous inventor in the world today!
1．What was Tim Berners-Lee interested in
A．Looking for jobs in different cities. B．Talking to people around the world.
C．Studying how to connect computers. D．Exploring how to improve memory.
2．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refers to “__________”.
A．Working on early computers B．Connecting different facts together
C．Travelling to the office in Switzerland D．Repeating the answers to the same questions
3．Why is Tim Berners-Lee one of the most important men in the world
A．He made information sharing on the Internet possible.
B．He made the first computer when he was 21 years old.
C．He helped people understand better how the brain works.
D．He invented the Internet and made it free for everyone to use.
4．In what order did the following events take place
a. Tim worked in England. b. Tim worked in Switzerland. c. Tim made his first computer.
d. Tim invented the World Wide Web. e. Tim studied science at Oxford University.
A．c – e – d – a - b B．e – b – a – c - d C．c – d – a – e - b D．e – c – a – b - d
5．What does the writer think of Tim Berners-Lee
A．He is not famous because he is not rich.
B．He has changed our lives and he is great.
C．He did nothing special but make people a good life.
D．He has made great achievements in memory research.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B
【分析】试题分析：主要介绍发明万维网的英国发明家TimBernersLee．他在21岁时制作了第一台电脑，1989年发明了万维网，有助于计算机在互联网上交流．他还免费把这个技术分享给其他人，免费供大家使用．也许他是当今世界上最重要但最不出名的发明家！
1．C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句When he was a small boy, Tim was interested inplaying with electrical things. 当他还是个小男孩的时候，提姆对玩电器很感兴趣．及第三段Tim was really interested in two things, computers and how the brain works. 可知，提姆真的对两件事感兴趣：电脑和大脑的运作方式．可知应该是"研究如何连接计算机。故选C。
2．D词义猜测题。根据上句He answered the same questions again and again．他一次又一次地解答了同样的问题．可知，"它是很难的在瑞士同一个办公室的计算机共享信息．"中的it针对的是"重复同一问题的答案"，故选D。
3．A细节理解题。根据最后一段He helps people share technology and wants the Internet to be free for everyone to use. Maybe he is the most important but least famous inventor in the world today!他帮助人们分享技术，希望互联网可以免费供大家使用，也许他是当今世界上最重要但最不出名的发明家！可知，他是世界上最重要的人因为他使互联网上的信息共享成为可能。故选A。
4．D细节理解题。根据a提姆在英国工作．b提姆在瑞士工作．c提姆制作了他的第一台计算机．d提姆发明了万维网;e提姆在牛津大学学习科学．根据第二段第三句He studied science at Oxford University．他在牛津大学学习科学．可知，e是第一．根据第二段最后一句He made his first computer
from an old television at the age of 21.他21岁时从一台旧电视机上制造了他的第一台电脑．可知c是第二．根据第三段第三句He worked in England then Switzerland．他当时在英国工作，然后在瑞士工作．可知，a是第三．b是第四．最后发明了万维网，d是第五．先后顺序是e﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣d，故选D。
5．B推理判断题。根据最后一段ButTimgaveawaytheWorldWideWebfornothing. "大多数发明家都想致富，但提姆无偿赠送了万维网，他现在在美国工作，他帮助人们分享技术，希望互联网免费供大家使用，也许他是当今世界上最重要但最不出名的发明家！"，可知，他改变了我们的生活，他是伟大的．故选B。
考点：人物类短文阅读。
15.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
Have you ever paid for educational podcasts (播客) or live videos Ask some people and most of them will say yes. “Pay-for-knowledge” has been more and more fashionable these years. The contents of these “pay-for-knowledge” products are from language learning to gardening or baby-caring. Almost everything you need can be found online at this moment. “Pay-for-knowledge” is on the rise (兴起).
Why is “pay-for-knowledge” industry developing so rapidly First, its development is based on the Internet. With a fast network and a smartphone, anyone who has passed the identity (身份) check can be an online teacher, and anyone with an online account can buy “pay-for-knowledge” products. Second, people are afraid to miss any information. On one hand, people hope for more useful information. On the other hand, such information is usually at the hands of experts who serve famous companies and universities. Moreover, the need to learn new skills in today’s job market also pushes people to learn on such educational podcasts.
The industry of “pay-for-knowledge” has proved to be lucrative. It promises possibilities of turning information into money. It is good for the development of our country and it can help sellers make lots of money. Besides, buyers can enjoy self-growth from it. What’s more, this is a reflection (反映) of respect for knowledge and talents.
However, the rapid rise of “pay-for-knowledge” has a few problems. For one thing, the market is full of eye-catching words such as “How to be an Industry’s Expert in 5 Hours” and “15 Classes to Be a Master of Appreciating (欣赏) Classical Music”, which sound like if you pay for it, you are sure to succeed. For another, a large number of customers buy them just for showing off. In fact, those who have really had self-growth after buying online courses may be the kind of people who need them least. In other words, with or without these courses, they can make it anyway, because they are those who have the ability to learn by themselves.
In general, the best is the one that suits you most. “Pay-for-knowledge” may be used as a good start for self-growth. Be careful! Otherwise, your dream of success may not come true.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．“Pay-for-knowledge” products can help all the people succeed.
B．“Pay-for-knowledge” products can offer people different kinds of courses.
C．People who can teach themselves need “pay-for-knowledge” products most.
D．People must learn from experts who serve famous companies and universities.
2．Which is NOT the reason for “pay-for-knowledge” industry developing so rapidly
A．The fast network and smartphone make it possible for people to get.
B．People are afraid to miss any useful information.
C．People need to learn new skills in today’s job market.
D．People have to pay for educational podcasts or live videos.
3．The underlined phrase “be lucrative” in Paragraph 3 means “________”.
A．produce lots of money B．get much information
C．win great respect D．enjoy self-growth
4．The main purpose of this passage is to ________.
A．recommend the “pay-for-knowledge” products to people
B．advise everyone to learn knowledge by themselves online
C．remind people to choose “pay-for-knowledge” products wisely
D．teach parents how to buy some online courses for their children
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文介绍“为知识付钱”产业兴起的原因及产生的问题，提醒读者要理智地选择产品。
1．推理判断题。根据“The contents of these ‘pay-for-knowledge’ products are from language learning to gardening or baby-caring. Almost everything you need can be found online at this moment.”可推出“知识付费”产品可以为人们提供不同种类的课程。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Why is ‘pay-for-knowledge’ industry developing so rapidly First, its development is based on the Internet. ... Second, people are afraid to miss any information. ... Moreover, the need to learn new skills in today’s job market also pushes people to learn on such educational podcasts.”可知A、B、C三项都是“知识付费”产业发展快的原因，但D项不是。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“It promises possibilities of turning information into money.”可知，此处表示“获利的，赚钱的”，be lucrative相当于produce lots of money。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“In general, the best is the one that suits you most. ‘Pay-for-knowledge’ may be used as a good start for self-growth. Be careful!”可知，文章的主要目的是提醒人们要理智地选择适合自己的产品。故选C。
16.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
It might sound like magic, but in February, a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand.
This was a success in brain-machine interface (BMI, 脑机接口) technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors.
BMI refers to creating a connection between the human brain and external devices (外部设备), making communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, BMI can allow them to move and do simple things by themselves.
On Oct 24, 2023, the team put a BMI chip (芯片) in the patient’s head. The chip can receive neural signals (神经信号) from the brain.
After three months of home recovery training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a special glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water on his own.
BMI technology usually means putting chips directly onto the patient’s brain. However, this project is minimally invasive (微创的), making sure the patient’s brain is not harmed. So it is an important achievement. It also uses a wireless power supply (无线电源), so the implanted (植入的) device doesn’t need a battery.
Li Yuanning from ShanghaiTech University told CCTV News that BMI is now mainly used in the medical field to improve the lives of people with brain-related problems or speech difficulties.
In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research, with no products on the market yet. Some people are worried that tests may influence patients’ independence (独立) and even who they are. Ethical concerns (伦理问题) related to BMI also need to be soled. These include whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is going on when they agree to take part in the test.
1．What is China’s recent success in BMI
A．A BMI chip was successfully put into a patient’s brain.
B．BMI helped a paralyzed patient drink water on his own.
C．A paralyzed patient can move freely with a BMI chip.
D．A paralyzed patient can communicate with computers.
2．What is the external device in the recent experiment
A．A BMI chip. B．A neural signal. C．The brain. D．An air pressure-powered glove.
3．What is the advantage of the new BMI technology
A．It doesn’t harm patients’ brains. B．It doesn’t need any power.
C．It understands patients’ needs correctly. D．It helps people improve their speech skills.
4．What do we know from the last paragraph
A．Many people are against BMI technology.
B．The tests of BMI are at high risk of failure.
C．BMI technology is still under development.
D．BMI technology is widely used in the medical field.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍BMI技术应用于帮助瘫痪患者自己喝水，文章也介绍该技术的优势以及该技术仍在开发阶段。
1．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“It might sound like magic, but in February, a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand.”以及“This was a success in brain-machine interface (BMI, 脑机接口) technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors.”可知，中国最近在BMI方面取得的成功是BMI技术应用于帮助瘫痪患者自己喝水。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“... but in February, a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand.”可知，最近的实验中外部设备是一种特殊的手套。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“However, this project is minimally invasive (微创的), making sure the patient’s brain is not harmed.”可知，BMI新技术的优点是它不会伤害病人的大脑。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据文中的句子“In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research, with no products on the market yet.”可知，BMI技术仍在开发中。故选C。
17.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
Theo works day and night in the tulip (郁金香) fields in the Netherlands, never saying he is tired. How is this possible
Theo is a robot named after Theo van der Voort, a farmer at the WAM Pennings farm. His job is to search for sick tulips and, when necessary, kill troubled ones to prevent the virus (病毒) from spreading among the plants. The work is important, especially in spring, when people from around the world come to see the colorful flowers.
There are 45 robots like Theo working in the tulip fields of the Netherlands. They walk in the fields very slowly, about one kilometer per hour, looking for sick tulips. The robots have cameras in the front and take thousands of photos of the tulips. An AI model checks the photos carefully and decides which tulips need to be killed.
In the past, this work was done by humans. Allan Visser’s family has been growing tulips for three generations, and this is the second growing season that Visser has used the robot. He said it is costly—the same as a sports car—about $200,000. “But I like to have the robot better,” Allan said. “Yeah, it is expensive, but there are fewer and fewer people who can really see the sick tulips.”
H2L Robotics is a company that makes the robots. Erik de Jong is the company’s managing director. “With the help of AI, they can locate (确定……的位置) the flowers that need to be taken off. But as for ‘the heart of the robot’,” he said, “It was the knowledge from farmers like Theo van der Voort that they put into the AI bined (结合) the knowledge of experienced t阅读理解（说明文）
目录
1.（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）介绍了近年来汉服非常流行，并对其流行的原因进行了说明。 1
2.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）主要探讨了青少年感到孤独的心理状态，以及在日本和韩国，独处已成为一种生活方式。尝试在独处中找到力量，可以使人感觉更好。 3
3.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫Guilford的心理学家进行了一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你跳出框框。 4
4.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）主要介绍了微笑的好处。 6
5.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）主要介绍了中国的剪纸。 8
6.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）讲述了中国正在讨论是否允许宠物乘坐高铁，这引发了网友的热烈讨论。中国铁路客户服务中心最近进行了一项调查，收集乘客对此话题的意见。 9
7.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）介绍了企鹅这种动物，涉及到其生活地点，习性等。 11
8.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）主要介绍了一项关于动物能否识别镜中自己的科学实验。 12
9.（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）主要介绍了晒太阳有益身体健康的几个方面。 14
10.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）介绍了中国传统扇子的文化和历史。 16
11.（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）简要介绍了形成太平洋垃圾带形成的原因——微塑料。作者向读者介绍了微塑料的危害，号召大家少向海洋扔塑料垃圾。 17
12.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）主要介绍了北京101中学为学生们提供的AI课程，随着技术的发展，信息教育、人工智能教育正在逐渐走进中小学生的课堂，人工智能教育将变得越来越重要。 19
13.（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）讲述了关于机器人与食品科学结合的新发明。 20
14.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）介绍发明万维网的英国发明家TimBernersLee． 22
15.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）介绍“为知识付钱”产业兴起的原因及产生的问题，提醒读者要理智地选择产品。 24
16.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）文章主要介绍BMI技术应用于帮助瘫痪患者自己喝水，文章也介绍该技术的优势以及该技术仍在开发阶段。 25
17.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）介绍了一个名叫Theo的机器人，它可以在郁金香田里工作，目的是寻找生病的郁金香，并杀死它们，以防止病毒在有价值的植物中传播。 27
18.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）主要解释了为什么人们会有“文化冲击”以及如何应对。 29
19.（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）关于成功意味着学习——还是证明你很聪明的这一话题进行了讨论。 30
20.（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）讲述了塑料污染问题的严重性，及McCartney在缓解塑料污染问题上做出的努力，其中包括塑料被研究做成马路并可实现回收再利用。 32
1.（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）
Hanfu fashion has become more and more popular with young people. China has followed Western fashion designs in recent years, but a growing number of young people are now looking to the past for fashion ideas.
If you look closely around your city, you might notice hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han dynasty. In a recently published report by an online shopping platform, about 2 million hanfu clothes were sold in 2020, nearly 4 times as many as those sold in 2019. Most of the buyers are between 19 and 24 years old.
But why has this traditional clothing become popular with young Chinese people For some of them, it’s a costume for relaxation. Dafan, a 24-year-old college student, told CGTN that dressing in hanfu is a way for her to get away from the troubles of real life. Modern clothing, on the other hand, represents the identity (身份) people need to show every day. “Hanfu and modern clothing help me to show the different sides in me,” she said.
Other teenagers like hanfu because of the culture behind it. They see it as a way to reconnect (再连接) with traditions. Its wide sleeves, crossed collars (领口) and flowing robes (飘逸的长袍) bring people back to ancient times.
“Hanfu is the symbol (象征) of the Chinese traditional culture.” Nanhe, a 21-year-old costume studio owner, told CGTN.
1．Hanfu appeared (出现) in China ________.
A．in 2018 B．in Tang Dynasty C．in 2019 D．in Han dynasty
2．According to the passage, about ________ Hanfu clothes were sold in 2019.
A．600,000 B．500,000 C．2,000,000 D．8,000,000
3．Who likes to buy Hanfu best
A．Students from 4 to 15 years old. B．Teenagers from 13 to 19 years old.
C．Adults between 30 and 50 years old. D．People between 19 and 24 years old.
4．The underlined phrase “wide sleeves” means ________.
A．宽大的衣袖 B．鲜艳的色彩 C．漂亮的丝带 D．纤细的腰围
5．Which paragraph tells why Hanfu is popular
A．①②③ B．②④⑤ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤
2.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
Do you sometimes feel left alone Teenagers need to feel like they are members of a group. Just having to eat alone in the dining hall is enough to make them feel worried. They are afraid of being called a “loner (独来独往的人)”.
But being a loner doesn’t always mean being strange or disliked. In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people who think about being alone to be a part of everyday life.
In South Korea, there are a growing number of people who describe themselves as “honjok”. These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves.
In Japan, people have had a strong loner culture over the years. There are solo (单人的) cafes and solo KTVs. The restaurants for solo diners are especially popular. There are boards between two seats in a line against the wall. Diners can’t see the faces of other people.
Knowing that you are not the only loner may make you feel better. But more importantly, you can try to find strength in your aloneness.
Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention. “It’s hard to feel lonely when you’re trying to learn a new skill, practice a hobby or try out a new diet,” wrote US lifestyle writer Adrienne Breaux.
1．Why don’t some teenagers want to be alone
A．Because eating alone is bad for their health.
B．Because they are worried about being called a “loner”.
C．Because making friends can make them feel different.
D．Because they may not feel safe when staying alone.
2．What does “honjok” mean in South Korea
A．A group of people being alone. B．Solo cafes and solo KTVs.
C．People who are afraid of being alone. D．Teenagers who like practicing hobbies together.
3．What does the writer mention (提及) South Korea and Japan for
A．To explain being a loner has become a lifestyle in many countries.
B．To show teenagers are afraid of being called a “loner”.
C．To explain being a loner sometimes means being strange or disliked.
D．To show aloneness is good for us in some ways.
4．Aloneness can help us ________.
①take a look at ourselves ②devote ourselves to doing things
③know we are the only loner ④try to become strong
A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④
5．The purpose of the passage is to________.
A．tell us the bad points of being alone B．show real loners in different countries
C．introduce Asian cultures among youth D．help people look at aloneness in a good way
3.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
People think differently, but how does this happen To find out the answer, Dr. Guilford, a famous psychologist, carried out a study on creativity (创造力) in the 1970s, known at The Nine-Dot Puzzle (九点谜题).
In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle. The following survey showed that all failed participators had looked for ways in the virtual (虚拟的) box, which is formed with virtual lines. But the winners could break out of the virtual box and continued their lines in the open space around the dots. The results of Guilford’s research led him to an idea: creativity needs you to go outside the box.
The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that there were creativity experts everywhere, teaching people how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study.
To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as those in Guilford’s study. The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily. Guess what Less than 25% solved the puzzle. It was nearly the same as the result of Guilford’s study. The result made everyone surprised, but it was the truth.
Let’s look more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem needs people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions —“think outside the box” did not help participators solve the puzzle more easily. In some ways, the idea that thinking outside the box makes people more creative can be improper.
1．Which of the following can solve The Nine-Dot Puzzle
A． B． C． D．
2．Most people thought that in Guilford’s study, more participators would solve the puzzle if ________.
A．they could find out the imagined box more quickly
B．they were given some more time to complete the puzzle
C．they were told to draw the lines outside the imagined box
D．they could discuss the ways together with other participators
3．Which part of the article explains Burnham with Davis and Alba with Robert’s study and their findings
A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5.
4．Which is the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
5．The passage probably tells us that ________.
A．the popular ideas among most people are true
B．the “facts” accepted by many people may not be facts
C．being good at going outside the box means creativity
D．practising solving puzzles does help to think differently
4.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）
A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he is pleased with a grade on a test. Or a person might smile if a friend tells a funny joke. People smile for many different reasons. But smiles are more than just a way for people to show that they are happy. There are other good reasons to smile often.
First, it is easier to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile. But it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your face a rest and smile!
Second, smiles are nice. People may try to look nice on the outside by wearing nice clothes.
However, there is a famous saying: ______. That is because it is easy to be around someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to be around someone who is unhappy all the time.
Third, smiles are helpful. Both smiling and laughing can quickly spread from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend (倾向) to laugh with him. If a person is sad, the best thing to do is to share a smile or laugh. It is the easiest and cheapest way to cheer someone up. Usually nobody would like to turn down the invitation which is offered by a person with a smile.
Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even if you are mad or sad, try smiling. You’ll find that it will be hard to stay mad or sad for very long.
1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 3
A．If you smile at life, life will smile at you.
B．A smile is the best thing a person can wear.
C．Smile is the most beautiful language in the world.
D．Life without smiles is like a spring without flowers.
2．What do the underlined words “turn down” in Paragraph 4 mean most possibly
A．accept B．discuss C．refuse D．share
3．What can we learn from the text
A．It takes people more muscles to show happiness.
B．It is very good for people’s bodies to smile and laugh.
C．Everyone wants to be around someone who is unhappy.
D．If someone smiles, people around him don’t want to smile.
4．What can be the best title for this text
A．The power of smiling. B．The importance of happiness.
C．Different ways of smiling. D．Ways of making people happy.
5.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
Chinese paper cutting, or jianzhi, has been practiced for thousands of years. To this day, it is still a popular form of art across the country.
The art form is said to go back to the Han Dynasty. During that time, paper was very expensive. It was used mainly for writing and making important documents (文件). During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese people started using paper for artistic expression. Paper cutting became popular.
Chinese paper cutting involves (包含) the use of scissors or a knife to cut designs out of mon (常见的) themes include animals, plants and traditional Chinese symbols. Paper cuttings with the characters fu, shou and xi are often seen as well.
In the past, paper cuttings were usually used as decorations for festivals. Today, red paper cuttings of the zodiac animals (生肖动物) are still common sights during Chinese New Year. These paper cuttings are put up on windows and doors and the practice is believed to bring good luck.
Making a paper cutting takes several steps. First, the artist chooses a design and draws it on a piece of paper. Then, the artist carefully cuts out the design. As the last step, the finished paper cutting is pasted (贴) on a door, window or wall.
Chinese paper cutting has become more than just a traditional art form. It is also a symbol of Chinese culture. In recent years, Chinese paper cutting has been enjoyed by people all over the world. It is used not only for decorative purposes, but also in fashion, design, advertising and more areas.
Chinese paper cutting is a fragile (脆弱的) art form. Fortunately (幸好), some people are trying to keep this tradition alive. They want to make sure that it will be passed down to many more generations (代).
1．When did Chinese paper cutting become popular
A．In recent years. B．In the Han Dynasty.
C．In the Tang Dynasty. D．About hundreds of years ago.
2．What does the underlined word “characters” mean according to the passage
A．汉字 B．人物 C．特点 D．角色
3．Which of the following is the RIGHT order of making a paper cutting according to the passage
①Cut out the design carefully.
②Choose a design that you like.
③Paste the cutting on a door, window or wall.
④Draw the design on a piece of paper.
A．①②③④ B．④②①③ C．②④①③ D．②④③①
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．The history of Chinese paper cutting is short.
B．Chinese paper cutting will disappear very soon.
C．Chinese paper cutting is only used as decorations.
D．Chinese paper cutting is becoming more popular around the world.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．Chinese New Year B．Chinese Paper Cutting
C．An Art Festival D．Modern Culture
6.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
A survey of people’s opinions on allowing pets to ride on China’s high-speed trains has led to a lively discussion online, with some agreeing it would greatly encourage pet owners and others to pay attention to hygiene (卫生) and practicality (实用性).
Although pets are not allowed on high-speed trains, the railway worker has begun looking for the possibility of allowing small pets to travel under certain conditions.
The China Railway Customer Service Center recently made a survey to collect passengers’ (乘客) opinions on the topic. Passengers can answer 15 questions of the topic of “Pet Travel on High-Speed Trains”. The questions cover the necessity (必要性) of pet transportation (运输) by high-speed train, the types of pets to be transported, the frequency and price of such services, protective ways and suggestions from people who do not own pets.
“In recent years, we have received a number of questions from passengers for the possibility of pet transportation on high-speed trains,” the center said in a statement.
“Based on feedback (反馈) from the survey, we will further look for the possibility of high-speed pet transportation. We welcome suggestions and opinions from the public.”
Some netizens (网友) support the idea of allowing pets to ride on high-speed trains, mentioning the convenience (方便) it would offer to pet owners.
With the continuous development of the railway network, rail travel has become more and more popular in China. According to China State Railway Group, there were 3.68 billion trips made last year.
As the need for pet-friendly travel choices grows and discussions around pet rules on high-speed trains continue, there is hope that a balanced solution (解决方法) can be found that satisfies (使满意) both pet owners and other passengers.
1．What is the main topic of discussion according to the passage
A．The benefits (好处) of allowing pets on high-speed trains.
B．Whether pets should be allowed on high-speed trains.
C．The disadvantages (缺点) of allowing pets on high-speed trains.
D．Care about hygiene and practicality if pets are allowed.
2．Which of the following is NOT included in the questions that passengers answer
A．The food that pets need during the journey.
B．Which kinds of pets should be allowed on trains.
C．Advice from passengers who are not pet owners.
D．How often and at what price such services are provided.
3．What does the center plan to do with the feedback from the survey
A．Share the feedback and not make any changes.
B．Stop receiving questions about pet transportation.
C．Look for the possibility of high-speed pet transportation.
D．Allow pet transportation on high-speed trains at once.
4．Why do some netizens support the idea of allowing pets to ride on high-speed trains
A．Pets will enjoy the wonderful travel experience.
B．Pet owners will save money on pet transportation.
C．High-speed trains will be more fun with pets on board.
D．It will be easier for pet owners to travel with their pets.
5．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．A solution may be found to satisfy different groups.
B．The discussions will end without any changes being made,
C．The high-speed train service is not thinking about any changes.
D．Pet owners are not allowed to travel with their pets.
7.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）
Short, fat and looking as if they were attending a formal dinner dressed in a tuxedo, penguins could easily be mistaken for people from a distance! There are 18 penguin types from the smallest, the Little Blue at 40 cm to the Emperor Penguins at 120 cm. Only two types—the Adelie and the Emperor penguin—live in the Antarctic.
Penguins are flightless birds found in the southern hemisphere. They are not found near the North Pole. Penguins have short legs and when they want to move fast, they slide on the ice on their stomachs. Penguins are used to the sea and the cold of the southern pole. To keep the water out of their body, they have oily, thickly-packed feathers that also help retain heat.
Penguins are excellent swimmers and this is where they use their wings. These birds use their wings to push themselves in the water and also take short flights, like hens, out of the water to come on to land. Their swims may last up to 15 minutes and they can reach speeds of 35 kilometres per hour.
In late September, millions of penguins move to their living ground to lay eggs. Each year the same pair of penguins mate. The female lays one or two eggs. Both male and female penguins take care of the eggs. The eggs are stayed tightly with the feet under their soft stomachs.
After eight weeks, the chick comes out and sits on the parents feet, as the ground is still too cold for its bottom! When the chicks are three weeks old, they join a crèche. These crèches are not what you think. A crèche here is a group of penguins gathered together for warmth. A crèche is made up of thousands of little chicks taken care of by a few adults.
1．Which kind of penguins live in the Antarctic
A．The Little Blue. B．Gentoo Penguins.
C．Chinstrap Penguins. D．The Emperor Penguins.
2．The underlined word “retain” in Paragraph 2 means ________ .
A．recycle B．keep C．reduce D．produce
3．What can we learn from this passage
A．We can find penguins near the North Pole.
B．Only female penguins take care of the eggs.
C．Penguins have oily, thickly-packed feathers.
D．Penguins can reach speeds of 35 kilometres per minute.
4．________ may like this passage best.
A．An animal-lover B．A volunteer C．A guide D．A librarian
8.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）
The mirror test is a way to test if an animal can recognize (识别) itself. A mark is put on an animal, then the animal is allowed to look in a mirror (镜子). If the animal seems to notice the mark, scientists believe the animal has recognized itself (and knows that the mark shouldn’t be there).
The mirror test is often seen as a sign of how smart an animal is. But some scientists believe ________________. Roosters are a good example. Scientists recently ran the mirror test on roosters by putting a mark on the their wings. But when the roosters looked in a mirror, they didn’t seem to notice the mark. So the scientists needed a different way to test if the roosters could recognize themselves.
When there’s danger—like an eagle flying above—roosters make loud noise to warn nearby chickens. But roosters only make the noise if other chickens can hear them. If they’re alone, they keep quiet so the eagle won’t see them.
The scientists realized that they could use the shadow of an eagle to test if the roosters thought they were alone—even when they could see “another” chicken in a mirror. First, the scientists let the roosters spend time getting used to being in a space with a mirror around. Then, they ran several tests by making an eagle shadow appear above the bird. When there was no mirror, the roosters acted as usual. They called out when they were near another rooster, but kept quiet when they were alone. But when a rooster was in a space where it could see itself in the mirror, it kept silent when it saw the eagle shadow. It did this even if there was a rooster hidden behind the mirror.
The scientists say the results show that the roosters knew they were seeing themselves in the mirror, not other roosters. Maybe some animals are cleverer than people thought.
1．What can be put in the blank in Paragraph 2
A．the mirror test doesn’t work well for all animals
B．only some big animals can pass the mirror test
C．the mirror test is the best way to test animals
D．it is hard work to run tests on all the animals
2．According to Paragraph 3, a rooster will ________ when it is alone seeing an eagle.
A．hide behind the mirror B．make loud noise
C．go for other roosters D．keep quiet
3．Why does the writer use quotation marks for “another” in Paragraph 4
A．To tell us how clever a rooster can be.
B．To tell us that roosters like to live alone.
C．To show it’s the rooster itself in the mirror.
D．To show roosters act differently with others around.
4．We can learn about the roosters that ________.
A．they are in fact not as clever as we thought
B．they make loud noise to keep others from danger
C．they usually hide behind the mirror when eagles come
D．they can’t recognize themselves with marks on their bodies
9.（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）
Why do people feel happier when the sun is out That is exactly the same question I asked many years ago when I was sitting on a nice sunny beach. I remember thinking, “Oh, tomorrow I need to fly back to rainy London. The terrible weather will make me unhappy.”
In fact, I did some research into whether (是否) sunshine does make us happier. I found that people may feel a bit unhappier in winter because the sunlight is not enough in the season.
Sunlight causes your body to produce the serotonin (血清素). It can affect (影响) your mood and your sleep. When you’re in the sun your body will make more serotonin. It will make you feel better and full of energy. However, many people who work indoors may not get enough sunlight. This is why getting outside in the sunshine is a great way to improve your mood.
Your skin produces Vitamin (维生素) D from sunlight, and this is important for strong bones and being healthy. From April to September, most people in the UK make enough Vitamin D from sunshine alone. In winter, however, you won’t get enough from sunshine. That is why the UK government recommends that everyone should try taking Vitamin D in autumn and winter.
Please remember that while sunlight are good for us in many ways, it’s also important to be safe in the sun. This means wearing a hat and sunglasses, and avoiding being in direct sunlight for too long. And never look at the Sun directly—that’s very dangerous.
1．How did the writer start the passage
A．By playing a game. B．By introducing others’ studies.
C．By showing a picture. D．By sharing his own experiences.
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Why sunlight makes us happier. B．Why people should work outdoors.
C．How serotonin affects people’s mood. D．How much serotonin can make us happier.
3．What does the UK government recommend
A．Getting enough outdoor activities in winter.
B．Making your skin produce more Vitamin D．
C．Taking some Vitamin D in autumn and winter.
D．Saving more sunlight from April to September.
4．Which of the following may the writer agree with
A．Keeping away from the sun. B．Wearing sunglasses all the time.
C．Keeping safe when enjoying sunlight. D．Staying in the sun as long as possible.
10.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
In summer, people wave their fans to beat the heat. But the traditional Chinese fan is not just a tool for cooling down. It’s an important part of Chinese culture.
The history of the Chinese fan dates back to over 3,000 years ago, around the time of the Shang Dynasty. One of the earliest known “fans” were named shanhan (扇汗). They weren’t like the fans we see today. These were tied to a horse-drawn carriage (马车) to prevent the heat of the sun and shelter passengers from the rain. The shanhan then developed into a long-handled fan called the zhangshan (障扇). This type of fan was made of silk or bird feathers and was mainly used by the emperor’s honor guard (仪仗队) for decoration. It wasn’t until the Zhou Dynasty that people started using folding fans to cool down.
During the Han Dynasty, the fan became popular among common people. This was because more affordable bamboo fans had been invented. The popularity of these fans continued until the Tang and Song Dynasties. Around the same time, a new type of silk fan was also introduced. Loved by young women, the silk fans were round to resemble the moon. They were also called “round fans,” or tuanshan. Later, this moon-shaped fan took on many other shapes.
The ribs (扇骨) of these silk round fans were traditionally made from bamboo or animal bones. The handles were usually decorated with different designs. The main “face” of the fan was often hand-painted with calligraphy (书法) and scenes such as mountains or flowers. Folding fans were mainly made up of panels (扇面) and ribs. For the ribs, people used different kinds of materials, including wood, bones and bamboo. The panels of the folding fan were usually made of paper, silk or other materials. They formed an empty space for artists to use as a canvas (画布). Their calligraphy work and painted scenes added color to the fans.
From the Song Dynasty on, fan painting became an art form of its own. Works of art featuring birds and flowers were popular among young women. Men, however, preferred fans decorated with calligraphy. Mythical (神话的) creatures were also popular choices. Dragons were often painted onto men’s fans while ladies usually preferred phoenixes (凤凰).
1．When were fans used to beat the heat
A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Han Dynasty.
C．In the Zhou Dynasty. D．In the Song Dynasty.
2．Why did fans become popular among common people
A．Because cheaper bamboo fans were invented.
B．Because people want to cool down in summer.
C．Because more people learned to make fans.
D．Because a new type of silk fan was invented.
3．What is the underlined word “resemble” in the third paragraph similar to
A．cut out B．look like C．turn into D．make up
4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
11.（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is an area in the ocean which has a huge floating collection of plastic waste. It is located in the North Pacific Ocean. According to some reports, it is around 1.6 million square kilometers in size. This is so big that it now covers an area of the ocean similar to six times the size of the United Kingdom.
Most of the plastic is not large items like bottles or boards. A large percentage of the debris (碎片) is made up of “microplastics” (smaller than 5 millimeters). These microplastics are the tiny pieces of larger items that have been worn down over time. This can be caused by the sun, the waves and even by sea creatures (生物). Items do not just stay floating on the water. Different types of plastics can float just below the water or even much lower down into the ocean. Larger items include fishing ropes and nets that have been lost or dropped at sea.
The largest attempt (尝试) in history is now being made to understand and deal with the problem. Scientists have been counting, weighing and separating every tiny item of plastic collected. Larger items are easier to remove from the ocean than the tiny microplastics. However, if these larger items are not removed, they may break down into smaller pieces.
This means it can stay in the environment for hundreds of years, so every piece of plastic ever produced is still there today. It is also a danger to fish, birds and other sea life because creatures mistake tiny plastics for food. The tiny microplastics take in pollutants which make them poisonous (有毒的) to sea life. Some larger plastics can also hurt creatures. The nets floating in the ocean are known to catch sea life and make it impossible for them to get away. Fish, sea turtles and dolphins are among the creatures in great danger from these “ghost nets”.
Of course, the best solution of all is for us to try to reduce the plastic entering the oceans first. If we want to create less waste to reuse and recycle, then we can reduce the number of new plastics adding to this and other garbage patches.
1．The writer talked about the size of the garbage patch in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A．show how serious the problem is B．guess where plastic waste can be found
C．explain how big the UK’s area is D．discuss how the garbage patch formed
2．The following sentence would be best placed at the beginning of ________.
Plastic is cheap and quite easy to make, however, it is very long-lasting.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
3．What can we learn about microplastics
A．They are from the sea. B．They are easier to clean up.
C．They are the food to the birds. D．They are formed over time.
4．Why is plastic harmful to sea creatures
A．Because larger plastics take their living area in the ocean.
B．Because different types of plastics can get down into the ocean.
C．Because people try to create less waste by reusing and recycling.
D．Because sea creatures may die as they eat polluted microplastics.
12.（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）
“Turn left! Turn right!” In the information technology (IT) class, Zhang Ruixuan was controlling a robot to move around.
“This is part of our artificial intelligence (AI) courses, ”said the 10th grader from Beijing 101 Middle School. The school provides AI (人工智能) classics to both junior and senior high school students. Apart from compulsory (必修的) courses that teach basic knowledge, there are also optional (选修的) courses if students want to learn more.
“This year in our compulsory class, we have learned coding (编程) through a programming language called Python,” said Zhang. Using Python to code is a basic skill for training AI models. In recent years, Python has been tested in high school graduation exams (高中会考) in places like Beijing, Jiangsu and Anhui.
In fact, having AI education in schools has become a growing trend (趋势) in many places, ▲ . In 2020 Zhejiang added AI education into textbooks from Grade 5 in primary school all the way to senior high. In the city of Wenzhou, the government is planning to build 1,000 AI experimental schools by 2025.
“With the development of technology, our textbooks have been changing all the time,” said Shang Yin, an IT teacher from Beijing 101 Middle School. “From typing to using Word and Excel, and then today’s coding and AI, the courses are keeping up with the times and teaching students necessary skills.” In the future, there will be more jobs where AI knowledge is needed. Even in daily life, people may need to understand things like ChatGPT and the internet of things (物联网). AI education will become increasingly important, Shang added.
1．How did the writer start the passage
A．By drawing a conclusion (结论). B．By telling a story.
C．By explaining the truth. D．By describing a scene.
2．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．robots is coming to class B．with Zhejiang province being a typical example
C．the courses starts to appear in high school D．many students are learning about AI now
3．What do we know about the AI class at Beijing 101 Middle School
A．It is an optional course. B．It only teaches basic knowledge.
C．It often makes students feel stressed. D．It teaches students to code with Python.
4．Why is AI education becoming increasingly important according to the passage
A．Because understanding AI is becoming an necessary skill
B．Because AI is included in all high school graduation exams.
C．Because AI is going to take over school education.
D．Because AI is students’ powerful competitor.
13.（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）
What would you like for lunch Maybe, a battery (电池) Although it sounds unusual, this has already been realized by scientists as they develop electronic (电子的) things you can eat.
Robofood, led by Dario Floreano from a Swiss Institute, has created a new drone (无人机) with scientists from Wageningen University, the Netherlands. Half of the parts inside can be eaten! The program aims to (旨在) make robots that can be eaten and foods that act like robots by mixing food science and robots in a new way.
The drone’s wings are made from rice cakes glued together with oil and chocolate. It can find missing people or animals in emergencies (紧急情况) and send food or medicine. Parts of the drone can be eaten because they meet food safety standards for emergencies set by the United Nations.
However, the main challenge is finding stronger edible (可食用的) materials for the drone’s wings to prepare for bad weather and high temperatures—of course, the chocolate may melt (融化) easily.
Robofood also developed an edible sensor (感应器) to help monitor stomach sickness. It’s eaten by the patient to check the conditions inside. It’s different from other sensors because it’s easy for your body to digest (消化), so it won’t leave any remains inside the body.
The invention of Robofood also helps with environmental protection. There are batteries that you can fully eat. They are made from natural things like Vitamin B2 and elements found in fruits. This helps the environment because you won’t have to throw them away like other batteries.
1．What is Robofood’s main goal
A．To develop smart drones. B．To create edible electronic things.
C．To help check stomach disease. D．To put sensors on drones.
2．What problem does Robofood’s drone have
A．The drone can easily lose its way during flying.
B．The drone cannot take off in bad weather.
C．The materials are not strong enough.
D．The materials cannot easily melt.
3．Compared to other sensors for checking the stomach, Robofood’s sensors ________.
A．can be easy to digest B．can check more carefully
C．can stay in the human body longer D．can be taken as medicine
4．Why is Robofood’s battery good for nature
A．It uses less power. B．It can be fully eaten.
C．It uses solar power. D．It is made from food waste.
14.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）
Tim Berners-Lee is not the most famous inventor in the world. However, his invention has changed
our lives.
He was born in London, England in 1955. When he was a small boy, Tim was interested in
playing with electrical things. He studied science at Oxford University. He made his first computer
from an old television at the age of 21.
Tim started working on early computers. At that time, they were much bigger than now. He worked in England then Switzerland. Tim was really interested in two things, computers and how the brain
works. How could the brain connect so many facts so quickly He had to work with people all
over the world. They shared information about computers. It was hard to manage all the information. He answered the same questions again and again. took a lot of time. It was even difficult for computers in the same office in Switzerland to share information. Tim also forgot things easily. Could a computer work like a brain Could it “talk” to other computers
There was an Internet already but it was difficult to use. In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web (WWW) all by himself. This had a special language that helped computers talk to each other on the Internet. When people wanted to share information with others, they used the World Wide Web. The Internet grew quickly after that.
Tim Berners-Lee doesn’t think he did anything special. He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there. All he did was to put them together. He says that many other people worked together to make the Internet what it is today.
Most inventors want to become rich. But Tim gave away the World Wide Web for nothing. He now works in America. He helps people share technology and wants the Internet to be free for everyone to use. Maybe he is the most important but least famous inventor in the world today!
1．What was Tim Berners-Lee interested in
A．Looking for jobs in different cities. B．Talking to people around the world.
C．Studying how to connect computers. D．Exploring how to improve memory.
2．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refers to “__________”.
A．Working on early computers B．Connecting different facts together
C．Travelling to the office in Switzerland D．Repeating the answers to the same questions
3．Why is Tim Berners-Lee one of the most important men in the world
A．He made information sharing on the Internet possible.
B．He made the first computer when he was 21 years old.
C．He helped people understand better how the brain works.
D．He invented the Internet and made it free for everyone to use.
4．In what order did the following events take place
a. Tim worked in England. b. Tim worked in Switzerland. c. Tim made his first computer.
d. Tim invented the World Wide Web. e. Tim studied science at Oxford University.
A．c – e – d – a - b B．e – b – a – c - d C．c – d – a – e - b D．e – c – a – b - d
5．What does the writer think of Tim Berners-Lee
A．He is not famous because he is not rich.
B．He has changed our lives and he is great.
C．He did nothing special but make people a good life.
D．He has made great achievements in memory research.
15.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
Have you ever paid for educational podcasts (播客) or live videos Ask some people and most of them will say yes. “Pay-for-knowledge” has been more and more fashionable these years. The contents of these “pay-for-knowledge” products are from language learning to gardening or baby-caring. Almost everything you need can be found online at this moment. “Pay-for-knowledge” is on the rise (兴起).
Why is “pay-for-knowledge” industry developing so rapidly First, its development is based on the Internet. With a fast network and a smartphone, anyone who has passed the identity (身份) check can be an online teacher, and anyone with an online account can buy “pay-for-knowledge” products. Second, people are afraid to miss any information. On one hand, people hope for more useful information. On the other hand, such information is usually at the hands of experts who serve famous companies and universities. Moreover, the need to learn new skills in today’s job market also pushes people to learn on such educational podcasts.
The industry of “pay-for-knowledge” has proved to be lucrative. It promises possibilities of turning information into money. It is good for the development of our country and it can help sellers make lots of money. Besides, buyers can enjoy self-growth from it. What’s more, this is a reflection (反映) of respect for knowledge and talents.
However, the rapid rise of “pay-for-knowledge” has a few problems. For one thing, the market is full of eye-catching words such as “How to be an Industry’s Expert in 5 Hours” and “15 Classes to Be a Master of Appreciating (欣赏) Classical Music”, which sound like if you pay for it, you are sure to succeed. For another, a large number of customers buy them just for showing off. In fact, those who have really had self-growth after buying online courses may be the kind of people who need them least. In other words, with or without these courses, they can make it anyway, because they are those who have the ability to learn by themselves.
In general, the best is the one that suits you most. “Pay-for-knowledge” may be used as a good start for self-growth. Be careful! Otherwise, your dream of success may not come true.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．“Pay-for-knowledge” products can help all the people succeed.
B．“Pay-for-knowledge” products can offer people different kinds of courses.
C．People who can teach themselves need “pay-for-knowledge” products most.
D．People must learn from experts who serve famous companies and universities.
2．Which is NOT the reason for “pay-for-knowledge” industry developing so rapidly
A．The fast network and smartphone make it possible for people to get.
B．People are afraid to miss any useful information.
C．People need to learn new skills in today’s job market.
D．People have to pay for educational podcasts or live videos.
3．The underlined phrase “be lucrative” in Paragraph 3 means “________”.
A．produce lots of money B．get much information
C．win great respect D．enjoy self-growth
4．The main purpose of this passage is to ________.
A．recommend the “pay-for-knowledge” products to people
B．advise everyone to learn knowledge by themselves online
C．remind people to choose “pay-for-knowledge” products wisely
D．teach parents how to buy some online courses for their children
16.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
It might sound like magic, but in February, a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand.
This was a success in brain-machine interface (BMI, 脑机接口) technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors.
BMI refers to creating a connection between the human brain and external devices (外部设备), making communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, BMI can allow them to move and do simple things by themselves.
On Oct 24, 2023, the team put a BMI chip (芯片) in the patient’s head. The chip can receive neural signals (神经信号) from the brain.
After three months of home recovery training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a special glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water on his own.
BMI technology usually means putting chips directly onto the patient’s brain. However, this project is minimally invasive (微创的), making sure the patient’s brain is not harmed. So it is an important achievement. It also uses a wireless power supply (无线电源), so the implanted (植入的) device doesn’t need a battery.
Li Yuanning from ShanghaiTech University told CCTV News that BMI is now mainly used in the medical field to improve the lives of people with brain-related problems or speech difficulties.
In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research, with no products on the market yet. Some people are worried that tests may influence patients’ independence (独立) and even who they are. Ethical concerns (伦理问题) related to BMI also need to be soled. These include whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is going on when they agree to take part in the test.
1．What is China’s recent success in BMI
A．A BMI chip was successfully put into a patient’s brain.
B．BMI helped a paralyzed patient drink water on his own.
C．A paralyzed patient can move freely with a BMI chip.
D．A paralyzed patient can communicate with computers.
2．What is the external device in the recent experiment
A．A BMI chip. B．A neural signal. C．The brain. D．An air pressure-powered glove.
3．What is the advantage of the new BMI technology
A．It doesn’t harm patients’ brains. B．It doesn’t need any power.
C．It understands patients’ needs correctly. D．It helps people improve their speech skills.
4．What do we know from the last paragraph
A．Many people are against BMI technology.
B．The tests of BMI are at high risk of failure.
C．BMI technology is still under development.
D．BMI technology is widely used in the medical field.
17.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
Theo works day and night in the tulip (郁金香) fields in the Netherlands, never saying he is tired. How is this possible
Theo is a robot named after Theo van der Voort, a farmer at the WAM Pennings farm. His job is to search for sick tulips and, when necessary, kill troubled ones to prevent the virus (病毒) from spreading among the plants. The work is important, especially in spring, when people from around the world come to see the colorful flowers.
There are 45 robots like Theo working in the tulip fields of the Netherlands. They walk in the fields very slowly, about one kilometer per hour, looking for sick tulips. The robots have cameras in the front and take thousands of photos of the tulips. An AI model checks the photos carefully and decides which tulips need to be killed.
In the past, this work was done by humans. Allan Visser’s family has been growing tulips for three generations, and this is the second growing season that Visser has used the robot. He said it is costly—the same as a sports car—about $200,000. “But I like to have the robot better,” Allan said. “Yeah, it is expensive, but there are fewer and fewer people who can really see the sick tulips.”
H2L Robotics is a company that makes the robots. Erik de Jong is the company’s managing director. “With the help of AI, they can locate (确定……的位置) the flowers that need to be taken off. But as for ‘the heart of the robot’,” he said, “It was the knowledge from farmers like Theo van der Voort that they put into the AI bined (结合) the knowledge of experienced tulip farmers with the AI technology, they can finally make efficient (高效的) robots.”
1．Why do farmers use Theo
A．To help them water tulips. B．To keep tulip fields healthy.
C．To record the growth of tulips. D．To guide tourists to see tulips.
2．What does Allan Visser think of the robot
A．It is very helpful. B．It costs less than a sports car.
C．It needs to be further improved. D．It is used by most farmers now.
3．What can be inferred (推断) from Erik de Jong’s word
A．Technology is useful for farmers in raising their skills.
B．Theo van der Voort gets little help from AI technology.
C．Farmers’ knowledge is key to the development of robots.
D．The robots will lead to no tulip farmers in the near future.
4．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To describe an amazing experience. B．To introduce a new AI technology.
C．To advise people how to protect tulips. D．To explain how to plant some tulips.
18.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）
Most people who move to a foreign country may experience a period of time when they feel very homesick and have a lot of worries. This feeling is often called “culture shock (冲击). It is important to understand it and learn what to do with it if you want to adapt to your new home’s culture successfully.
Generally speaking, there are four stages (阶段) that you will experience after you move to a foreign country. The first stage is usually called the “excitement” stage. When arriving in a new environment, you’ll be interested in the new culture. Everything will seem exciting and everyone will seem friendly.
But it won’t be long before you move from the “excitement” stage to the second stage. The excitement you felt before changes to worries. It seems that everything is difficult. The language is hard to learn, friends are difficult to make, and even simple things like shopping have become a difficult problem. It is at this “stress” stage that you may feel worried and homesick. This is the stage which is called “culture shock”.
However, culture shock doesn’t last for very long. If you are one of those who manage to get through it, you’ll move to the “recovery” stage. At this stage, you start to understand and accept the way things are done and the way people behave in your new environment.
The last stage is the “home” stage. This is the stage when you start to feel at home in the new culture. You start to learn from your new home and to like some ways of the new culture better.
Culture shock is common. Everyone in a new situation will go through it. Continue to be brave! And getting through culture shock will be a piece of cake.
1．Among the four stages, which stage can explain how “culture shock” happen
A．The recovery stage. B．The stress stage.
C．The excitement stage. D．The home stage.
2．What does the underlined word “adapt” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．get used B．grow up C．live up D．look forward
3．Jane went to study in Germany for the first time. What might she have gone through (Put the following in the correct order according to the passage.)
① Jane couldn’t understand German very well in class.
② After half a year’s hard work, Jane had no language problems.
③Everything in the college was so fresh.
④Jane enjoyed spending good time with her German friends.
A．①②③④ B．③①②④ C．②④③① D．③①④②
4．Which of the following can show the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
19.（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）
IS SUCCESS ABOUT LEARNING—OR SHOWING YOU’RE SMART
Benjamin once said, “I don’t divide (分) the world into the weak and the strong, or the successes and the failures. I divide the world into the learners and nonlearners.”
What would make someone a nonlearner Everyone is born with an intense drive (驱动力) to learn. Babies practise their skills daily, even the most difficult tasks of a lifetime, like learning to walk and talk. They never think it’s too hard. Babies don’t worry about making mistakes. They walk, they fall and they get up. They just move forward.
What could put an end to this kind of learning The fixed mindset (固定的思维模式). As soon as children become able to evaluate(评价) themselves, some of them become afraid of hard tasks. They become afraid of not being smart. I have studied thousands of students, and you can’t believe how many people refuse a chance to learn.
We offered four-year-olds a choice (选择): They could red o an easy task or they could try a harder one. Even at this age, children with the fixed mindset—stuck with the safe one. Children with the growth mindset—the ones who believed you could get smarter by learning—thought it was a strange choice. Why are you asking me this Why would anyone want to keep doing the same task over and over They chose one hard one after another. “I’m dying to solve them!” one little girl said.
So children with the fixed mindset want to make sure they are successful. Smart people should always be successful. But for children with the growth mindset, success is about practising themselves. It’s about learning to become smarter.
One seventh-grade girl made a conclusion.“I think being smart is something you have to work for…it isn’t just given to you… Most kids, if they’re not sure of an answer, will not raise their hand to answer the question. But what I usually do is to raise my hand, because if I’m wrong, then my mistake will be corrected. Just by doing that I’m improving my ability.”
1．What does the writer want to tell by using the example of babies in Paragraph 2
A．Walking and talking are very difficult. B．It’s easy for babies to learn different skills.
C．People are born with abilities to learn. D．Babies need to face many tasks every day.
2．Which of the following is a fixed mindset according to the passage
A．Being happy with his own growth. B．Working hard and being thirsty to learn.
C．Avoiding showing how smart he is. D．Being afraid of facing different failures.
3．What does the girl mean by saying “I’m dying to solve them!”
A．She can’t wait to give herself a task to practise. B．She thinks a healthy body can help learn better.
C．She believes it’s painful to solve the problems. D．She doesn’t find it difficult to finish these tasks.
4．What’s the main purpose of the passage
A．Be a good learner in babyhood. B．Stay active when facing difficulties.
C．Show the importance of success. D．Make decisions and choices carefully.
20.（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）
We all know there is a problem with plastic pollution. Five trillion（万亿）plastic bags are used every year. One million plastic drinking bottles are bought every minute.
What if we could use plastic waste to build roads This is exactly what a company has done. McCartney’s company built the world’s first plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland. The plastic waste was made into grains（颗粒）and then mixed with biturnen（沥青）. The road looks just like any other road. But it has improved strength and isn’t easy to break.
“Our way can not only help solve the problem of plastic waste but also produce roads that deal better with changes in the weather, reducing potholes（路面的坑洼）, ” McCartney said.
The idea came from a trip to India. “I saw people there would put plastic waste into potholes and burn it to repair roads,” said McCartney.
After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect method. And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world. A one-kilometer stretch of road uses about 684, 000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags. The road itself can be recycled in the end. The materials can be reused to build new roads.
“We are just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but it’s nice to be part of it,” McCartney said. “I just don’t want my kids to live in a world where there are more plastics than fish in the sea.”
1．What does the numbers in Paragraph 1 show
A．People cannot live without plastics.
B．Plastics are better than other materials.
C．The plastic pollution is a serious problem.
D．Plastics help companies make lots of money.
2．Which of the following is TRUE about the plastic roads
A．It is easy to break a plastic road.
B．The first plastic road was built in India.
C．Plastic roads look different from other roads.
D．People can recycle plastic roads to build new ones.
3．How many plastic bottles are needed to build a one-kilometer stretch of plastic road
A．684 thousand. B．1 million. C．1.8 million. D．5 trillion.
4．What does McCartney mean by saying the last sentence
A．He will keep more fish in the sea.
B．He enjoys fishing with his children.
C．He can end plastic problems alone.
D．He wants to help build a green world.
5．What is the best title for the article
A．Ways to reuse B．Trip to India C．Road to recycling D．Journey to the sea

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