资源简介 Unit 5-8常考点和易错点考点1.borrow与 lendborrow “借;借用”,指主语从别人那里“借入”东西自己使用。 borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物lend (lent, lent) “借给,借出”,指主语把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。 lend sth. to sb.= lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人拓展lend与 borrow是短暂性动词, 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 表示“借用某物一段时间”时, 要用 keep sth. for some time。拓展lend与 borrow是短暂性动词, 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 表示“借用某物一段时间”时, 要用 keep sth. for some time。【语境串记】Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it to me. He told me that I could keep it for a week.尼克从图书馆借了一本书,然后把它借给了我。他告诉我我可以借看一周。考点2.反身代词汇总:数 人称第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 myself我自己 yourself你自己 himself/ herself/ itself他/她/它自己复数 ourselves我们自己 yourselves你们自己 themselves他/她/它们自己含反身代词的常用短语:help oneself to... 自取 (食物、饮料等) teach oneself 自学 hurt oneself 伤着自己 say to oneself 自言自语 make oneself(feel) at home 不拘束, 别客气考点3.notice/ n t s/ v.注意到; 留意用法分析 notice为可数名词,意为“公告牌;通告;布告”。墙上有些通告。There are some notices on the wall.考点拓展 notice做动词,意为“注意到;察觉到”。常用结构如下:(1)notice sb. do sth.注意到某人做了某事,强调动作已经完成。I noticed him leave the school.我注意到他离开学校了。(2)notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。I notice Mr. Wang entering his office.我注意到王先生正在走进办公室。(3)be noticed to do sth.被注意到做了某事(被动语态)。She was noticed to enter the office.有人看见她走进办公室了。(4)notice sth. done注意到某事被做。I noticed the glass broken.我注意到玻璃杯被弄碎了。考点3.辨析 the other,another,others,the othersthe other 意为“其他,另一个”,指两者中的另一个,常与one连用,构成one...the other...(一个……另一个……)。another 可做代词或限定词,意为“又一个(的),再一个(的)”,泛指三个或三个以上同类中的另一个。others 意为“其他的人或事物”,表示泛指,做代词,其后不加名词。the others 表示特指,指在一定范围内除去某些后剩下的全部。She has two sons.One is in Beijing,and the other is in Shanghai.她有两个儿子。一个在北京,另一个在上海。I don't like this one.Please show me another one.我不喜欢这个。请给我看另一个。We should help others.我们应该帮助他人。There are ten pens here.Two are red,and the others are black.这里有十支钢笔。两支是红色的,其余的是黑色的。考点4.happen表示“发生”。happen to sb./sth.意为“……发生在某人身上/某物上”。你发生什么事了?What happened to you?考点拓展 happen to do sth.表示“碰巧发生/做某事”,相当于“It happens+that从句.”。那天我碰巧没带钱。I happened to have no money with me that day.=It happened that I had no money with me that day.考点辨析 happen,take place“发生”各不同 happen 描述意外发生的事件,主语是表示事 件、事故的名词或代词。 强调事情的偶然性和不可预见性take place 指有计划,事先安排的事件“发生”。主语是表示“运动,活动,会议等”的名词。 还有“举行”的意思没有偶然性The road accident happened during the morning rush hour.这场交通事故发生在早上的交通高峰期。The Olympic Games take place every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。考点5.lose/ lu:z/ v.失去, 丧失其过去式为 lost。 常用短语有:lose one's way 迷路 lose weight 减肥lose heart 失去信心 lose one's life丧生lose touch with sb.和某人失去联系lose oneself in…沉迷于……My father lost his keys yesterday morning.昨天早上我爸爸把他的钥匙弄丢了。He lost his way in the forest.他在森林里迷路了。She lost herself in the beautiful music.她沉浸在这美妙的音乐中。拓展[动词] 输掉其反义词为 win“获胜, 赢”。He lost the game, so he was sad.他输掉了比赛, 所以他很伤心考点6. die 的用法用法分析die是动词“死,死亡”,现在分词为dying。其形容词为dead“死的,无生命的”;名词为death“死,死亡”。这些花枯萎了。他两年前死的。He died two years ago.These flowers are dead.我们获悉你父亲去世,非常难过。We're sorry to hear of your father's death.考点7.辨析real与 truereal “真实的”,指客观上存在而不是虚构的。 This is a story of real life. 这是一个真实生活中的故事。true “确实的,符合事实的”,强调事实和实际情况相符,是真的而不是杜撰的。 Is it true that he has left Beijing 他已经离开了北京,这是真的吗 The news is true.这则消息是真实的。考点8.while /wa l/ conj. 在…期间,与…同时n.一段时间,一会儿 高频(1) [连词] 与……同时;当……的时候引导时间状语从句,强调在从句动作发生的同时,主句动作也在进行。从句常用进行时,且从句谓语要用延续性动词。While Mum and Dad were reading their books, my brother Paul was building a big sandcastle.当妈妈和爸爸在看书的时候,我的弟弟保罗正在建造一个大沙堡。谚 While there is life, there is hope.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。[名词] 一段时间,一会儿常用单数形式,与不定冠词a连用。 常用搭配有:after a while 过了一会儿 once in a while偶尔,有时quite a while 很长一段时间 in a while 不久,马上 all the while 一直Sleeping for a while after lunch can help us study better in the afternoon.午饭后睡一会儿可以帮助我们下午更好地学习。Mr Thomas will come to meet you in a while. 托马斯先生过一会儿会来见你。He comes to our room for a chat once in a while. 他偶尔来我们房间闲谈。考点9. fill动词,意为“(使)充满;装满”fill...with...表示“用……装满……”,其主语通常是人,被动语态为be filled with。你精彩的演讲充满正能量。Your fascinating speech is filled with positive energy.瓶子里装满了水。The bottle was filled with water.中考特殊考点 full“满的;饱的”,be full of 充满……的,相当于be filled with。The glass is full of honey.=The glass is filled with honey.这个玻璃杯盛满了蜂蜜。考点10.decide to do sth. 决定做某事否定形式: decide not to do sth.决定不做某事。My grandpa decided to give up smoking for his health.为了健康着想,我爷爷决定戒烟。They decided not to accept the invitation.他们决定拒绝邀请。拓展 (1) decide 后还可以接“特殊疑问词+ to do”结构。I can't decide what to wear.我拿不定主意穿什么。We must decide which one to buy.我们必须决定要买哪一个。(2) decision [名词] 决定,抉择make a decision (to do sth.) 下定决心 (做某事)I made a decision (= decided) to read English every day.我决定每天读英语考点11.too ... to 太……而不能高频该结构表示否定含义。其中 too为副词,其后跟形容词或副词原级; to为不定式符号,后接动词原形。This soup is too salty to eat.这汤太咸了,不能喝。拓展too... to...结构可以和 so/ such… that…(如此……以至于………) 以及 not… enough to do sth. (不够………而不能做某事) 进行同义转换。他年纪太小,不能独自一人去上学。He is too young to go to school on his own.He is so young that he can't go to school on his own.He is not old enough to go to school on his own【特别提醒】too... to...结构中, too前有否定词 (如 never) 时,表达肯定意义。谚 It's never too late to learn.活到老,学到老。谚 It's never too late to mend.改过从不嫌晚考点12.break /bre k/ n.休息[名词] take/ have a break 休息一会儿Let's stop and take a break.我们停下来休息一会儿吧。拓展[及物动词] &[不及物动词] (使)破碎; 损坏其过去式为 broke。刚才他打碎了花瓶。He broke the vase just now.考点拓展 break做动词,表示“违反,违背”。做名词表示“(课间的休息时间)暂停,中断”。Don’t break the law.别违法。Class is over;let’s have a break.下课了。我们休息一下吧。固定搭配break down 出故障,坏掉break off打断break the rule违反规则break the law 违法break away from摆脱,脱离break into 破门而入考点13.on one's own 独自; 独立地辨析on one’ s own与 of one’ s ownon one’ s own “独自; 独立地”, 常作状语, 相当于 alone或 by oneself。of one’ s own “属于某人自己的”, 常作后置定语。She is afraid of going out on her own at night.她害怕晚上独自外出。I have a bedroom of my own, but it is not big.我有一间属于自己的卧室,但是它不大拓展 own做形容词,意为“自己的,本人的”。owner指“拥有者,所有者”。own做动词,意为“拥有”。他有自己的房子。He has a house of his own.谁拥有这辆车?Who owns this car?固定搭配 on one's own独自,主动地,相当于by oneself;with one's own eyes亲眼看见;one's own某人自己的东西。You should do the homework on your own.你该独立完成作业。Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on his own.白求恩医生有时不得不亲自治疗伤员。She saw it with her own eyes.她亲眼看见了这件事。考点14.experience / k'sp ri ns/ n. (一次) 经历; 经验experience 名词 经历 可数名词经验 不可数名词动词 经历,体验请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America.这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience.我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip.考点15.辨析none与 no onenone 可以指人,也可以指物, 可与 of连用。 ①“none of+不可数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②“none of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。 ③可用于回答以 how many或 how much开头的特殊疑问句。no one 只能指人,不能与 of连用;相当于 nobody。 ①作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②可用于回答以 who开头的特殊疑问句。None of the news was very exciting.没有一则新闻是非常令人激动的。It's time to say goodbye, but none of us want/ wants to leave.该说再见了, 但是我们没有人想离开。— How many birds are there in the tree 树上有多少只鸟 — None.一只也没有。No one is perfect. Laughing at yourself means accepting who you are.人无完人, 自嘲意味着接纳自己考点16.luckily / l k li/ adv.幸好, 幸运地其反义词为 unlucky,意为“不幸的,倒霉的”。 lucky day意为“幸运日”。 lucky既可以做表语,也可以做定语。他是个幸运的家伙。He is a lucky dog.考点拓展(1)luck做名词,意为“好运”。good luck意为“走运,好运”,bad luck意为“不走运,倒霉”。(2)luckily做副词,意为“幸运地”,反义词为unluckily,意为“不幸运地”,二者常位于句首。Luckily,we find a doctor over there.幸运的是,我们在那儿找到了一个医生。考点17.辨 find out, find与 look forfind out 查明, 弄清(情况) 指通过观察、调查或研究等查明真相、事实。find 找到; 发现 强调找的结果, 多指偶然发现或碰到。look for 寻找 指有目的地寻找, 强调找的过程。【语境串记】I looked for my pen everywhere, but I couldn't find it. I want to find out who took it away.我到处找我的钢笔,但没找到。我想弄清楚是谁拿走了它。考点18. proud /pra d/ adj.自豪的拓展pride [名词] 自豪, 骄傲take pride in= be proud of为……感到骄傲We all take pride in (= are all proud of) your success.我们都为你的成功感到骄傲。How great these Chinese astronauts are! They are the pride of our country.这些中国航天员多伟大啊! 他们是我们国家的骄傲。We Chinese are so proud (自豪的) of the successful launch of Shenzhou-18.考点19.find+宾语+宾语补足语讲句中画线部分为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构, 其中形容词 enjoyable作宾语补足语。此外,该结构中的宾语补足语也可以是副词、动词-ing形式或介词短语等。Leo hurried there, only to find them out.利奥匆匆赶到那里,却发现他们出去了。When I came in, I found him reading.我进来的时候,发现他正在看书。She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed.她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。考点20.because of与 becausebecause of 短语介词 其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。because 连词 其后接表示原因的句子。She felt very sorry because of losing the game.因为辅了比赛,她感到非常难过。He didn't come to school today because he was ill(= because of his illness) .他今天没来学校是因为他生病了。考点21.feel like感觉像后常跟名词 (短语) 或从句等。The interview only took ten minutes, but it felt like hours. 面试只用了十分钟, 但感觉像几个小时似的。I felt like I was a fish in the pool.我感觉自己在游泳池里像一条鱼。拓展feel like想要feel like sth.想要某物feel like doing sth.想要做某事 (相当于 want to do sth.)I feel like a drink.我想要一杯饮料。I don't feel like saying anything now. 我现在什么都不想说。考点22.fall的常见用法:含fall的短语 fall down突然倒下;跌倒fall over向前摔倒、跌倒fall off跌落,从……掉下来fall in love with喜欢、爱上……fall behind落在……的后面fall asleep入睡考点23.辨析sleep,sleepy,sleepingsleep 做延续性动词“睡觉”,也可做名词 “睡眠”。sleepy “想睡的,疲倦的,瞌睡的”,做表语或定语。sleeping “睡着的”,既可做表语,也可做定语。Don't sleep in class.不要在课堂上睡觉。You look very sleepy.Let's go to have a walk outside.你看上去很困。咱们出去散散步吧。Do you know the sleeping boy?你认识那个正在睡觉的男孩吗?考点拓展 go to sleep睡觉,入睡;get to sleep睡着,入睡;go to bed上床睡觉。一般说来, go to bed在前,然后才是go/get to sleep。考点24.safety /'se fti/ n.安全,平安;安全处所[不可数名词] 其反义词是( 危险”。For your own safety, please do not smoke inside the plane.为了您的自身安全, 请不要在飞机内吸烟。It's a place where children can play in safety.这是可以让孩子们安全玩耍的地方。考点25.a few有些,几个few/a few与 little/a little四者都可修饰名词,具体区别如下:修饰不可数名词 little “几乎没有”,表示否定的概念。a little “有一些;有一点”,表示肯定的意义。修饰可数名词 few “几乎没有”,表示否定的概念。a few “有一些;有几个”,表示肯定的意义。There is little milk in the bottle.在瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了。I know a little English.我知道一点英语。I feel lonely,because I have few friends.我感到很孤独,因为我几乎没有朋友。Today I eat a few apples.今天我吃了几个苹果。考点26.can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地想做某事The book is so wonderful that she can't wait to finish it.这本书很精彩, 她迫不及待地要读完它。拓展can't wait for...急切地等待……I can't wait for the coming holiday.我等不及即将到来的假期了。David一到这儿就迫不及待地炫耀起了他的新手表。David couldn't wait to show off his new watch as soon as he arrived here.考点26.northern/ n : n/ adj.北方的,北部的由“north (n.北; 北方) 构成。表示方位的名词在词尾加-ern可构成形容词小提示 表示方位的合成词:southeast东南,southwest西南,northeast东北,northwest西北。Pandas usually live in the southwest of China.熊猫通常生活在中国的西南部。固定搭配south的固定搭配 South Africa 南非South America 南美洲the South Pole 南极考点拓展 方位词及对应的形容词和名词:south n.南 southern adj.南方的 southerner n.南方人north n.北 northern adj.北方的 northerner n.北方人east n.东 eastern adj.东方的 easterner n.东方人west n.西 western adj.西方的 westerner n.西方人考点27.There is nothing to do but...除了……没事可做。but后动词要用原形There was nothing to do but watch news on TV.除了在电视上看新闻没事可做。There is nothing to say but keep silent.没有什么可说的,只有保持沉默。考点28.辨析 cross,across,through,over(1)cross是动词“(从表面)穿过,越过,渡过”,可直接接宾语。They crossed the road.他们穿过了马路。(2)across指从这边到那边“通过,横过”,含义与on有关,动词 walk/go/run/swim等+across=cross,常和street,bridge,river等连用。We swam across the river.我们游到河对岸。(3)through“穿过,通过”,强调从内部“穿过”,含义与in有关,如:穿过森林、城市、窗户等。The thief got in through the window.小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。(4)over越过….指从上方跨过。The girl can't jump over the pole.这个女孩跳不过这横竿。考点29.look after照料look after= take care of look after... well好好照顾拓 look 的相关短语还有:look at看……look after照顾,照看look like看起来像look for寻找look out当心,小心look the same看起来一样look up查阅考点30.辨 lonely与 alonelonely 形容词 “孤独的; 寂寞的”, 指情感上的孤独, 带有伤感的色彩。“荒凉的; 偏僻的”, 只用于名词前作定语。alone 副词 “独自; 单独”, 相当于 by oneself。 强调独自一人的客观情况,不含感彩。形容词 “独处的; 独自的”, 常用作表语。【语境串记】Although I am travelling alone in the lonely desert,I don't feel lonely because I enjoy being alone.虽然我独自一人在荒凉的沙漠中旅行,但我并不感到孤独,因为我喜欢独处。考点31.care的相关词:【语境串记】Tom is a careless boy, and he always does his homework very carelessly. He didn't pass the exambecause of his carelessness. The teacher told him that he must be careful when studying.汤姆是个粗心的男孩,他做作业总是很粗心。 由于粗心, 他没有通过考试。老师告诉他学习时一定要细心考点32.辨析sound, noise与 voicesound 泛指自然界的各种声音。noise 多指不悦耳的“噪声, 喧闹声”等。voice 指人的声音, 如嗓音、说话声、歌唱声。【语境串记】There was a loud noise outside the classroom, so the physics teacher had to raise his voice,“Light travels much faster than sound.”教室外面噪声很大,因此物理老师不得不提高嗓门说:“光比声音传播得快得多。”考点33.safely / se fli/ adv.安全地【语境串记】To keep yourself safe, you'd better not travel alone. It's unsafe. Nothing is more important than yoursafety and health. You should return home safely.为了自身安全, 你最好不要单独旅游。那不安全。没有什么比你的安全和健康更重要。你应该安全地返回家.考点34.辨析be full of,be filled with与fill...with易混词组 含义及用法be full of be full of 意为“装满了……”,相当于be filled with。主语通常是物,侧重于状态。如: The bottle is full of cola.=The bottle is filled with cola. 瓶子里装满了可乐。be filled withfill...with fill...with意为“用……装满”,表示动作。主语通常是人。如: I filled my schoolbag with books. 我的书包里装满了书。考点35.辨析sound,listen与hear易混词 词性 含义 用法sound 系动词 “听起来” sound+adj.sound like+n./pron.listen 不及物动词 “听﹔倾听”(侧重听的动作) listen to+sb./sth.hear 感官动词 “听到;听见”(强调听的结果) hear sb.do sth.“听见某人做了某事”hear sb.doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事”注: sound还可以作名词,意为“声音”,泛指一切声响考点36.辨析 across,through与over易混词 用法 例词across “穿过;横过”,指从表面走过或从一边到另一边 walk across the road 步行过马路through “穿过;通过”,指从空间内部穿过 go through the gate 穿过大门over “穿过,越过”,指越过一段距离或度过一段时间 jump over the hurdle跨栏【一言辨异】The Great Wall winds its way from west to east,across the desert,over the mountains,through the valleys,till at last it reaches the sea.长城从西到东,蜿蜒前进,穿过沙漠,越过高山,穿过山谷,最后到达大海。考点37.enough的用法考点 含义 图示enough 作形容词时,置于名词前、后均可(但以前置多见)作副词时,置于所修饰的形容词、副词之后常用句型:be+adj.+enough to do sth.足够……做某事【拓展】enough的句式转换He is too young to go to school.=He isn't old enough to go to school.=He is so young that he can't go to school.他年龄太小,不能上学。考点38.辨析among与between易混词 含义 图示among 意为“在中间”,用于三者或三者以上的中间between 指“两者之间”,后接三者或三者以上事物或人时,是把这些事物或人分别看待,指每两者之间考点39.辨析see,look,watch与read易混词 含义 固定搭配see 看见(强调结果);观看 see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事 see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事look 看(强调动作);看起来 look at 看…… look like 看起来像……watch 注视;观看(比赛、电视) watch TV看电视 watch a game/match 观看比赛read 读;阅读 read books/magazines 看书/杂志 read a newspaper看报纸【一言辨异】Look at the video!Little Tom is watching a cartoon on TV, and his father is reading newspapers on the sofa.Where is his mum I can't see her in the video.看这个视频!小汤姆在看电视上的动画片,他的爸爸在沙发上看报纸。他的妈妈在哪儿呢?我在视频中没有看见她。考点40.辨析get to,reach与arrive【注意】arrive与get 后若接的是here,there,home等副词时,不用加介词。1.Dad,please hurry! If I can't __get__(到达)to the station on time,I'll be in big trouble.2.Please __arrive__(到达) at the park no later than 8:30 a.m.tomorrow.3.Success is not how high you can __reach__(到达),but how you make a difference to the world.考点41.有关spend,pay,take与 cost的句型易混词 主语 用法spend 人 +spend(s)+/ on sth./(in) doing sth.pay 人 pay(s)++for sth.take it (作形式主语) It takes(took)+++to do sth.cost 物 sth.+cost(s)++I spent three hours doing my homework.我花了三个小时写作业。I spent ten yuan on these flowers.我花了十元买这些花。I paid five yuan for the pen.我花了五元钱买这支钢笔。The ticket cost me five yuan.这张票花了我五元钱。It takes my mother half an hour to cook breakfast.我妈妈花半个小时做早饭。21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)Unit 5-8常考点和易错点考点1.borrow与 lendborrow “借;借用”,指主语从别人那里“借入”东西自己使用。 borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物lend (lent, lent) “借给,借出”,指主语把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。 lend sth. to sb.= lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人拓展lend与 borrow是短暂性动词, 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 表示“借用某物一段时间”时, 要用 keep sth. for some time。拓展lend与 borrow是短暂性动词, 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 表示“借用某物一段时间”时, 要用 keep sth. for some time。【语境串记】Nick a book from the library and he it to me. He told me that I could it for a week.尼克从图书馆借了一本书,然后把它借给了我。他告诉我我可以借看一周。考点2.反身代词汇总:数 人称第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 myself我自己 yourself你自己 himself/ herself/ itself他/她/它自己复数 ourselves我们自己 yourselves你们自己 themselves他/她/它们自己help oneself to... teach oneself hurt oneself say to oneself make oneself(feel) at home考点3.notice/ n t s/ v.注意到; 留意用法分析 notice为可数名词,意为“公告牌;通告;布告”。墙上有些通告。There are some notices on the wall.考点拓展 notice做动词,意为“注意到;察觉到”。常用结构如下:(1)notice sb. do sth.注意到某人做了某事,强调动作已经完成。I noticed him the school.我注意到他离开学校了。(2)notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。I notice Mr. Wang his office.我注意到王先生正在走进办公室。(3)be noticed to do sth.被注意到做了某事(被动语态)。She was noticed the office.有人看见她走进办公室了。(4)notice sth. done注意到某事被做。I noticed the glass .我注意到玻璃杯被弄碎了。考点3.辨析 the other,another,others,the othersthe other 意为“其他,另一个”,指两者中的另一个,常与one连用,构成one...the other...(一个……另一个……)。another 可做代词或限定词,意为“又一个(的),再一个(的)”,泛指三个或三个以上同类中的另一个。others 意为“其他的人或事物”,表示泛指,做代词,其后不加名词。the others 表示特指,指在一定范围内除去某些后剩下的全部。She has two sons. is in Beijing,and is in Shanghai.她有两个儿子。一个在北京,另一个在上海。I don't like this one.Please show me one.我不喜欢这个。请给我看另一个。We should help .我们应该帮助他人。There are ten pens here.Two are red,and are black.这里有十支钢笔。两支是红色的,其余的是黑色的。考点4.happen表示“发生”。happen to sb./sth.意为“……发生在某人身上/某物上”。你发生什么事了?What happened to you?考点拓展 happen to do sth.表示“碰巧发生/做某事”,相当于“It happens+that从句.”。那天我碰巧没带钱。I happened to have no money with me that day.=It happened that I had no money with me that day.考点辨析 happen,take place“发生”各不同 happen 描述意外发生的事件,主语是表示事 件、事故的名词或代词。 强调事情的偶然性和不可预见性take place 指有计划,事先安排的事件“发生”。主语是表示“运动,活动,会议等”的名词。 还有“举行”的意思没有偶然性The road accident during the morning rush hour.这场交通事故发生在早上的交通高峰期。The Olympic Games every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。考点5.lose/ lu:z/ v.失去, 丧失其过去式为 lost。 常用短语有:lose one's way 迷路 lose weight 减肥lose heart 失去信心 lose one's life丧生lose touch with sb.和某人失去联系lose oneself in…沉迷于……My father his keys yesterday morning.昨天早上我爸爸把他的钥匙弄丢了。He lost his in the forest.他在森林里迷路了。She lost in the beautiful music.她沉浸在这美妙的音乐中。拓展[动词] 输掉其反义词为 win“获胜, 赢”。He lost the game, so he was sad.他输掉了比赛, 所以他很伤心考点6. die 的用法用法分析die是动词“死,死亡”,现在分词为dying。其形容词为dead“死的,无生命的”;名词为death“死,死亡”。这些花枯萎了。他两年前死的。He two years ago. These flowers are .我们获悉你父亲去世,非常难过。We're sorry to hear of your father's .考点7.辨析real与 truereal “真实的”,指客观上存在而不是虚构的。 This is a story of life. 这是一个真实生活中的故事。true “确实的,符合事实的”,强调事实和实际情况相符,是真的而不是杜撰的。 Is it that he has left Beijing 他已经离开了北京,这是真的吗 The news is .这则消息是真实的。考点8.while /wa l/ conj. 在…期间,与…同时n.一段时间,一会儿 高频(1) [连词] 与……同时;当……的时候引导时间状语从句,强调在从句动作发生的同时,主句动作也在进行。从句常用进行时,且从句谓语要用延续性动词。While Mum and Dad were reading their books, my brother Paul was building a big sandcastle.当妈妈和爸爸在看书的时候,我的弟弟保罗正在建造一个大沙堡。谚 While there is life, there is hope.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。[名词] 一段时间,一会儿常用单数形式,与不定冠词a连用。 常用搭配有:after a while 过了一会儿 once in a while偶尔,有时quite a while 很长一段时间 in a while 不久,马上 all the while 一直Sleeping for a after lunch can help us study better in the afternoon.午饭后睡一会儿可以帮助我们下午更好地学习。Mr Thomas will come to meet you . 托马斯先生过一会儿会来见你。He comes to our room for a chat . 他偶尔来我们房间闲谈。考点9. fill动词,意为“(使)充满;装满”fill...with...表示“用……装满……”,其主语通常是人,被动语态为be filled with。你精彩的演讲充满正能量。Your fascinating speech is filled positive energy.瓶子里装满了水。The bottle .中考特殊考点 full“满的;饱的”,be full of 充满……的,相当于be filled with。The glass is full of honey.=The glass is filled with honey.这个玻璃杯盛满了蜂蜜。考点10.decide to do sth. 决定做某事否定形式: decide not to do sth.决定不做某事。My grandpa decided give up smoking for his health.为了健康着想,我爷爷决定戒烟。They decided accept the invitation.他们决定拒绝邀请。拓展 (1) decide 后还可以接“特殊疑问词+ to do”结构。I can't decide wear.我拿不定主意穿什么。We must decide buy.我们必须决定要买哪一个。(2) decision [名词] 决定,抉择make a decision (to do sth.)I made a decision (= decided) to read English every day.我决定每天读英语考点11.too ... to 太……而不能高频该结构表示否定含义。其中 too为副词,其后跟形容词或副词原级; to为不定式符号,后接动词原形。This soup is too salty to eat.这汤太咸了,不能喝。拓展too... to...结构可以和 so/ such… that…(如此……以至于………) 以及 not… enough to do sth. (不够………而不能做某事) 进行同义转换。他年纪太小,不能独自一人去上学。He is to school on his own.He is he can't go to school on his own.He is not go to school on his own【特别提醒】too... to...结构中, too前有否定词 (如 never) 时,表达肯定意义。谚 It's never too late to learn.活到老,学到老。谚 It's never too late to mend.改过从不嫌晚考点12.break /bre k/ n.休息[名词] take/ have a break 休息一会儿Let's stop and take a break.我们停下来休息一会儿吧。拓展[及物动词] &[不及物动词] (使)破碎; 损坏其过去式为 broke。刚才他打碎了花瓶。He broke the vase just now.考点拓展 break做动词,表示“违反,违背”。做名词表示“(课间的休息时间)暂停,中断”。Don’t break the law.别违法。Class is over;let’s have a break.下课了。我们休息一下吧。固定搭配break downbreak offbreak the rulebreak the lawbreak away frombreak into考点13.on one's own 独自; 独立地辨析on one’ s own与 of one’ s ownon one’ s own “独自; 独立地”, 常作状语, 相当于 alone或 by oneself。of one’ s own “属于某人自己的”, 常作后置定语。She is afraid of going out on her own at night.她害怕晚上独自外出。I have a bedroom of my own, but it is not big.我有一间属于自己的卧室,但是它不大拓展 own做形容词,意为“自己的,本人的”。owner指“拥有者,所有者”。own做动词,意为“拥有”。他有自己的房子。He has a house of his own.谁拥有这辆车?Who owns this car?固定搭配 on one's own独自,主动地,相当于by oneself;with one's own eyes亲眼看见;one's own某人自己的东西。You should do the homework on your .你该独立完成作业。Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on his .白求恩医生有时不得不亲自治疗伤员。She saw it with her eyes.她亲眼看见了这件事。考点14.experience / k'sp ri ns/ n. (一次) 经历; 经验experience 名词 经历 可数名词经验 不可数名词动词 经历,体验请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your in America.这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching .我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I many things on the trip.考点15.辨析none与 no onenone 可以指人,也可以指物, 可与 of连用。 ①“none of+不可数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②“none of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。 ③可用于回答以 how many或 how much开头的特殊疑问句。no one 只能指人,不能与 of连用;相当于 nobody。 ①作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②可用于回答以 who开头的特殊疑问句。of the news was very exciting.没有一则新闻是非常令人激动的。It's time to say goodbye, but of us want/ wants to leave.该说再见了, 但是我们没有人想离开。— How many birds are there in the tree 树上有多少只鸟 — .一只也没有。is perfect. Laughing at yourself means accepting who you are.人无完人, 自嘲意味着接纳自己考点16.luckily / l k li/ adv.幸好, 幸运地其反义词为 unlucky,意为“不幸的,倒霉的”。 lucky day意为“幸运日”。 lucky既可以做表语,也可以做定语。他是个幸运的家伙。He is a dog.考点拓展(1)luck做名词,意为“好运”。good luck意为“走运,好运”,bad luck意为“不走运,倒霉”。(2)luckily做副词,意为“幸运地”,反义词为unluckily,意为“不幸运地”,二者常位于句首。,we find a doctor over there.幸运的是,我们在那儿找到了一个医生。考点17.辨 find out, find与 look forfind out 查明, 弄清(情况) 指通过观察、调查或研究等查明真相、事实。find 找到; 发现 强调找的结果, 多指偶然发现或碰到。look for 寻找 指有目的地寻找, 强调找的过程。【语境串记】I my pen everywhere, but I couldn't it. I want to who took it away.我到处找我的钢笔,但没找到。我想弄清楚是谁拿走了它。考点18. proud /pra d/ adj.自豪的拓展pride [名词] 自豪, 骄傲take pride in= be proud of为……感到骄傲We all take pride in (= are all proud of) your success.我们都为你的成功感到骄傲。How great these Chinese astronauts are! They are the of our country.这些中国航天员多伟大啊! 他们是我们国家的骄傲。We Chinese are so (自豪的) of the successful launch of Shenzhou-18.考点19.find+宾语+宾语补足语讲句中画线部分为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构, 其中形容词 enjoyable作宾语补足语。此外,该结构中的宾语补足语也可以是副词、动词-ing形式或介词短语等。Leo hurried there, only to them out.利奥匆匆赶到那里,却发现他们出去了。When I came in, I him reading.我进来的时候,发现他正在看书。She woke up and herself in a hospital bed.她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。考点20.because of与 becausebecause of 短语介词 其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。because 连词 其后接表示原因的句子。She felt very sorry losing the game.因为辅了比赛,她感到非常难过。He didn't come to school today he was ill(= because of his illness) .他今天没来学校是因为他生病了。考点21.feel like感觉像后常跟名词 (短语) 或从句等。The interview only took ten minutes, but it hours. 面试只用了十分钟, 但感觉像几个小时似的。I I was a fish in the pool.我感觉自己在游泳池里像一条鱼。拓展feel like想要feel like sth.想要某物feel like doing sth.想要做某事 (相当于 want to do sth.)I feel like a drink.我想要一杯饮料。I don't feel like anything now. 我现在什么都不想说。考点22.fall的常见用法:含fall的短语 fall downfall overfall offfall in love withfall behindfall asleep考点23.辨析sleep,sleepy,sleepingsleep 做延续性动词“睡觉”,也可做名词 “睡眠”。sleepy “想睡的,疲倦的,瞌睡的”,做表语或定语。sleeping “睡着的”,既可做表语,也可做定语。Don't in class.不要在课堂上睡觉。You look very .Let's go to have a walk outside.你看上去很困。咱们出去散散步吧。Do you know the boy?你认识那个正在睡觉的男孩吗?考点拓展 go to sleep睡觉,入睡;get to sleep睡着,入睡;go to bed上床睡觉。一般说来, go to bed在前,然后才是go/get to sleep。考点24.safety /'se fti/ n.安全,平安;安全处所[不可数名词] 其反义词是( 危险”。For your own , please do not smoke inside the plane.为了您的自身安全, 请不要在飞机内吸烟。It's a place where children can play in .这是可以让孩子们安全玩耍的地方。考点25.a few有些,几个few/a few与 little/a little四者都可修饰名词,具体区别如下:修饰不可数名词 little “几乎没有”,表示否定的概念。a little “有一些;有一点”,表示肯定的意义。修饰可数名词 few “几乎没有”,表示否定的概念。a few “有一些;有几个”,表示肯定的意义。There is milk in the bottle.在瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了。I know English.我知道一点英语。I feel lonely,because I have friends.我感到很孤独,因为我几乎没有朋友。Today I eat apples.今天我吃了几个苹果。考点26.can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地想做某事The book is so wonderful that she can't wait to finish it.这本书很精彩, 她迫不及待地要读完它。拓展can't wait for...急切地等待……I for the coming holiday.我等不及即将到来的假期了。David一到这儿就迫不及待地炫耀起了他的新手表。David to show off his new watch as soon as he arrived here.考点26.northern/ n : n/ adj.北方的,北部的由“north (n.北; 北方) 构成。表示方位的名词在词尾加-ern可构成形容词小提示 表示方位的合成词:southeast东南,southwest西南,northeast东北,northwest西北。Pandas usually live in the southwest of China.熊猫通常生活在中国的西南部。固定搭配south的固定搭配 South Africa 南非South America 南美洲the South Pole 南极考点拓展 方位词及对应的形容词和名词:south n.南 southern adj.南方的 southerner n.南方人north n.北 northern adj.北方的 northerner n.北方人east n.东 eastern adj.东方的 easterner n.东方人west n.西 western adj.西方的 westerner n.西方人考点27.There is nothing to do but...除了……没事可做。but后动词要用原形but watch news on TV.除了在电视上看新闻没事可做。There is nothing to say keep silent.没有什么可说的,只有保持沉默。考点28.辨析 cross,across,through,over(1)cross是动词“(从表面)穿过,越过,渡过”,可直接接宾语。They the road.他们穿过了马路。(2)across指从这边到那边“通过,横过”,含义与on有关,动词 walk/go/run/swim等+across=cross,常和street,bridge,river等连用。We swam the river.我们游到河对岸。(3)through“穿过,通过”,强调从内部“穿过”,含义与in有关,如:穿过森林、城市、窗户等。The thief got in the window.小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。(4)over越过….指从上方跨过。The girl can't jump the pole.这个女孩跳不过这横竿。考点29.look after照料look after= take care of look after... well好好照顾拓 look 的相关短语还有:look atlook afterlook likelook forlook outlook the samelook up考点30.辨 lonely与 alonelonely 形容词 “孤独的; 寂寞的”, 指情感上的孤独, 带有伤感的色彩。“荒凉的; 偏僻的”, 只用于名词前作定语。alone 副词 “独自; 单独”, 相当于 by oneself。 强调独自一人的客观情况,不含感彩。形容词 “独处的; 独自的”, 常用作表语。【语境串记】Although I am travelling in the desert,I don't feel because I enjoy being .虽然我独自一人在荒凉的沙漠中旅行,但我并不感到孤独,因为我喜欢独处。考点31.care的相关词:【语境串记】Tom is a boy, and he always does his homework very . He didn't pass the exam because of his . The teacher told him that he must be when studying.汤姆是个粗心的男孩,他做作业总是很粗心。 由于粗心, 他没有通过考试。老师告诉他学习时一定要细心考点32.辨析sound, noise与 voicesound 泛指自然界的各种声音。noise 多指不悦耳的“噪声, 喧闹声”等。voice 指人的声音, 如嗓音、说话声、歌唱声。【语境串记】There was a loud outside the classroom, so the physics teacher had to raise his , “Light travels much faster than .”教室外面噪声很大,因此物理老师不得不提高嗓门说:“光比声音传播得快得多。”考点33.safely / se fli/ adv.安全地【语境串记】To keep yourself , you'd better not travel alone. It's . Nothing is more important than your and health. You should return home .为了自身安全, 你最好不要单独旅游。那不安全。没有什么比你的安全和健康更重要。你应该安全地返回家.考点34.辨析be full of,be filled with与fill...with易混词组 含义及用法be full of be full of 意为“装满了……”,相当于be filled with。主语通常是物,侧重于状态。如: The bottle is full of cola.=The bottle cola. 瓶子里装满了可乐。be filled withfill...with fill...with意为“用……装满”,表示动作。主语通常是人。如: I my schoolbag books. 我的书包里装满了书。考点35.辨析sound,listen与hear易混词 词性 含义 用法sound 系动词 sound+adj.sound like+n./pron.listen 不及物动词 listen to+sb./sth.hear 感官动词 hear sb.do sth.“听见某人做了某事”hear sb.doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事”注: sound还可以作名词,意为“声音”,泛指一切声响考点36.辨析 across,through与over易混词 用法 例词across walk across the road 步行过马路through go through the gate 穿过大门over jump over the hurdle跨栏【一言辨异】The Great Wall winds its way from west to east,across the desert,over the mountains,through the valleys,till at last it reaches the sea.长城从西到东,蜿蜒前进,穿过沙漠,越过高山,穿过山谷,最后到达大海。考点37.enough的用法考点 含义 图示enough 作形容词时,置于名词前、后均可(但以前置多见)作副词时,置于所修饰的形容词、副词之后常用句型:be+adj.+enough to do sth.足够……做某事【拓展】enough的句式转换He is too young to go to school.=He isn't old enough to go to school.=He is so young that he can't go to school.他年龄太小,不能上学。考点38.辨析among与between易混词 含义 图示amongbetween考点39.辨析see,look,watch与read易混词 含义 固定搭配see see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事 see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事look look at 看…… look like 看起来像……watch watch TV看电视 watch a game/match 观看比赛read read books/magazines 看书/杂志 read a newspaper看报纸【一言辨异】Look at the video!Little Tom is watching a cartoon on TV, and his father is reading newspapers on the sofa.Where is his mum I can't see her in the video.看这个视频!小汤姆在看电视上的动画片,他的爸爸在沙发上看报纸。他的妈妈在哪儿呢?我在视频中没有看见她。考点40.辨析get to,reach与arrive【注意】arrive与get 后若接的是here,there,home等副词时,不用加介词。1.Dad,please hurry! If I can't __ __(到达)to the station on time,I'll be in big trouble.2.Please __ __(到达) at the park no later than 8:30 a.m.tomorrow.3.Success is not how high you can __ __(到达),but how you make a difference to the world.考点41.有关spend,pay,take与 cost的句型易混词 主语 用法spend 人 +spend(s)+/ on sth./(in) doing sth.pay 人 pay(s)++for sth.take it (作形式主语) It takes(took)+++to do sth.cost 物 sth.+cost(s)++I three hours doing my homework.我花了三个小时写作业。I ten yuan on these flowers.我花了十元买这些花。I five yuan for the pen.我花了五元钱买这支钢笔。The ticket me five yuan.这张票花了我五元钱。It my mother half an hour to cook breakfast.我妈妈花半个小时做早饭。21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 译林版2025年七年级英语下学期期末总复习(知识梳理)考点清单03Unit5-8常考点和易错点(学生版).docx 译林版2025年七年级英语下学期期末总复习(知识梳理)考点清单03Unit5-8常考点和易错点(教师版).docx