资源简介

(共157张PPT)
UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
必修第三册
主题语境:人与环境
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.tap n.　　　　　龙头;阀门
2.tissue n. 纸巾
3.smog n. 雾霾
4.battery n. 电池
5.carbon n. 碳
6.just-me-ism n. 以自我为中心,自我中心主义
7.gallon n. 加仑
8.institute n. 机构;研究院
9.chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩
10.brick n. 砖,砖块
11.wag vi.& vt. (狗)摇(尾巴)
12.quote n. 引文,引用(的话)
13.headstone n. 墓碑
14.county n. 县
15.pedal vi.& vt. 骑
n. 踏板
16.diagram n. 图解,示意图
17.disposable adj. 一次性的,用完即丢弃的
18.packaging n. 包装盒(瓶、袋),包装材料
19.honey n. 蜂蜜
20.butter n. 黄油,牛油
21.yoghurt n. 酸奶
22.air conditioning n.空调系统
23.landfill n. 废弃物填埋场
24.clean-burning adj.清洁焚烧的
25.waste-to-energy adj.
以垃圾作为能源的
26.footwear n. 鞋类
27.near-surface adj. 近地表的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.coral reefs in the ocean 海洋里的珊瑚礁
2.recycle plastic bottles 回收塑料瓶
3.the founder of Roots & Shoots “根与芽”的创始人
4.put up posters 张贴海报
5.a non-profit organization 非营利组织
6.the student union 学生会
7.have a contented life 过着满足的生活
8.Something unexpected occurred.
一件出乎意料的事发生了。
9.in remote regions 在偏远地区
10.keep a slim figure 保持苗条的身材
11.the survival rate 存活率
12.overcome difficulties 克服困难
13.his former colleagues 他以前的同事们
14.do ordinary things 做普通的事
15.therefore adv. 因此;由此
16.a bicycle path 自行车道
17.reach your destination 到达你的目的地
18.local residents 当地居民
19.her negative attitude to life 她对生活的消极态度
20.sum up what you said 总结一下你说的话
21.the build-up of carbon dioxide二氧化碳的增长
22.the problem of overflowing landfills
垃圾填埋场溢出的问题
Ⅲ.一词多义
1.desert n.沙漠;荒原 vt.遗弃;舍弃
　①desert climate沙漠气候
　②Never desert a friend in need. 决不要抛弃有困难的朋友。
2.flat n.一套公寓房,一套住房 adj.平坦的;瘪了的,撒了气的
　①a flat tire爆胎
　②as flat as a pancake非常平坦
3.shoot n.芽,苗;嫩枝 v.射中;射击;拍摄;飞驰;射门;投篮
　①shoot the bird with his gun用枪打鸟
　②little green shoots绿色的小嫩芽
4.firm adj.实的;稳固的 n.商行,公司
　①firm muscles结实的肌肉
　②an engineering firm 工程公司
5.current adj.当前的,现时的 n.水流,气流;电流
　①the ocean currents洋流
　②the current situation目前的局势
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.global adj.　　　全球的,全世界的
　globe n. 球体;地球
　globally adv. 全球地,全世界地
2.industrial adj. 工业的
　industry n. 工业
3.extinction n. 灭绝
　extinct adj. 已灭绝的
4.solution n. 解决办法;答案
　solve v. 解决
5.electricity n. 电
　electric adj. 电动的
　electrical adj. 用电的;发电的
　electronic adj. 电子的
6.transport n. 交通运输系统,运输方式
　　　　　vt. 运输;传播
　transportation n. 运输;交通工具
7.balance n. 平衡;余额;天平
　　　　v. 保持平衡;权衡
　balanced adj. 平衡的
8.foundation n. 基础;地基
　found v. 创办;成立
　founder n. 创办人,创始者
9.involve vt. 参与;包含;牵涉
　involved adj. 参与的;有关联的
　involvement n. 投入;参与
10.organiser n. 组织者,安排者
　organise vt. 组织,筹备
　organisation n. 组织;团体;机构
11.agriculture n. 农业
　agricultural adj. 农业的
12.proposal n. 建议,提议;求婚
　propose v. 建议,提议
13.determination n. 决心;毅力
　determine v. 决定;决心;确定
　determined adj. 坚定的;坚决的
14.parking n. (车辆等的)停放
　park v. 停车
15.disappear vi. 消失,不见
　disappearance n. 消失,不见
　appear vi. 出现;似乎;显得
16.tracking n. 跟踪
　track v. 跟踪
　　　n. 踪迹
17.official n. 官员,高级职员
　　　　adj. 公务的;官方的
　office n. 办公室
　officially adv. 官方地
18.percentage n. 百分比,百分率
　percent n. 百分之……;百分数
19.container n. 容器
　contain v. 容纳
20.majority n. 大多数;多数票
　major adj. 主要的;重要的
　　　　vi. 主修
21.indicate vt. 表明;显示
　indication n. 迹象;表示;标示
22.annually adv. 每年;一年一度地
　annual adj. 每年的;一年一度的
23.pollutant n. 污染物
　pollute v. 污染
　pollution n. 污染
　polluted adj. 受污染的
24.flooding n. 水灾,洪水泛滥
　flood n. 洪水
Ⅴ.短语词块
1.do my part for sth　 尽自己所能做某事
2.can't be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
3.suffer from 遭受
4.take action 采取行动
5.be committed to 尽心尽力于,致力于
6.make a difference 有影响;有作用
7.work through 调整(情绪);(通过反复思考来)解决(问题)
8.come up with 想出,想到
9.come up　　　　 上来;走进;发生,出现;被提出
10.take part (in) 参加
11.cut back on 削减,缩减
12.to sum up 总之
13.make sb's dream come true
(使)某人梦想成真
14.a matter of 只有几个……之多,不多于
15.thanks to 幸亏;由于
16.all around the world全世界
17.leave the tap running 让水龙头开着
18.drop a piece of litter 扔一片垃圾
19.in the early 1990s 在20世纪90年代初
20.live in peace with nature 与自然和平相处
21.make a firm foundation 夯实基础
22.make it a better place to live in让它成为更好的居住地
23.plenty of places for bicycle parking
很多可以停放自行车的地方
24.enjoy the benefits of exercise 享受锻炼的好处
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.Of course,it wouldn't matter if there were just a few people in the world.
(if引导虚拟条件句)
　当然,如果世界上只有几个人,那就无所谓了。
2.To inspire young people to take action for the environment,animals and their community,Roots & Shoots was established. (不定式短语作目的状语)
　为了激励年轻人采取行动保护环境、动物和他们的社区,“根与芽”诞生了。
3.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey,so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.
(so that引导目的状语从句)
　人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能从那里继续使用。
4.In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move! (with复合结构)
　1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的一举一动!
5.The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours. (not...but...)
　新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的,而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。
6.Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people,like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”,you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. (those作先行词的定语从句)
　由于这个提议以及众多人的努力,如20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人,现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。
名词后缀-ing:表示行为、活动或事物的名称
直接加-ing tracking跟踪　parking (车辆等的)停放　flooding水灾,洪水泛滥　
warning警示,告诫　suffering痛苦 feeling感觉,感情　bargaining讨价还价,交易
双写词尾辅音 字母再加-ing beginning开始,开端;swimming游泳;shopping购物
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.not to leave the tap running 不要让　　　　　　一直开着
2.use less tissue paper　　 少用　　　　　
3.be overspread with heavy smog被浓重　　　　　　笼罩
4.recycle used batteries 回收用过的　　　　　
5.live a low-carbon life 过一种低　　　　　　生活
6.a famous institute 一所著名的　　　　　
7.brick walls 　　　　　　墙
水龙头
Step One　写一写
纸巾
雾霾
电池
碳
研究院
砖
8.wag its tail (狗)　　　　　　尾巴
9.a small county 一个小　　　　　　城
10.the brake pedal 刹车　　　　　
11.as the diagram shows 如　　　　　　所示
12.disposable packaging 　　 　　
13. honey bottles and butter containers 　　　　瓶和　　　　　容器
14.reduce the use of air conditioning
减少　　　　　　的使用
fortable footwear 舒适的　　　　　
摇
县
踏板
示意图
一次性包装
蜂蜜
黄油
空调
鞋
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 n. 海洋,大海
2.　　　　　　 n. 沙漠
3.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 再利用,回收利用
4.　　　　　　 n. 一套公寓房,一套住房
adj. 平坦的
5.　　　　　　 n. 树根
6.　　　　　　 n. 芽,苗;嫩枝
vt. 射中;射击
ocean
desert
recycle
flat
root
shoot
7.　　　　　　 adj. 实的;稳固的
8.　　　　　　 n. 海报
9.　　　　　　 n. 盈利,利润
10.　　　　　　 adj. 满意的;满足的
11.　　　　　　 n. 地区,区域
12.　　　　　　 adj. 微小的;苗条的;薄的
13.　　　　　　 n. 比率,率
14.　　　　　　 vt. 克服(困难);控制(感情)
firm
poster
profit
contented
region
slim
rate
overcome
15.　　　　　　 adj. 当前的,现时的
16.　　　　　　 adj. 普通的;平常的
17.　　　　　　 adv. 因此;由此
18.　　　　　　 n. 目的地;终点
19.　　　　　　 n. 居民
20.　　　　　　 n. 看法;态度
21.　　　　　　 adj. 塑料制的
current
ordinary
therefore
destination
resident
attitude
plastic
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 n. 球体;地球
　　　　　　　 adj. 全球的,全世界的
　　　　　　　 adv. 全球地,全世界地
2.　　　　　　 n. 工业
　　　　　　　 adj. 工业的
3.　　　　　　 adj. 已灭绝的
　　　　　　　 n. 灭绝
4.　　　　　　 v. 解决
　　　　　　　 n. 解决办法;答案
globe
global
globally
industry
industrial
extinct
extinction
solve
solution
5.　　　　　　 adj. 电动的
　　　　　　　 adj. 用电的;发电的
　　　　　　　 adj. 电子的
　　　　　　　 n. 电
6.　　　　　　 n. 平衡;余额;天平
　　　　　　　v. 保持平衡;权衡
　　　　　　　 adj. 平衡的
7.　　　　　　 vt. 参与;包含;牵涉
　　　　　　　 adj. 参与的;有关联的
　　　　　　　 n. 投入;参与
electric
electrical
electronic
electricity
balance
balanced
involve
involved
involvement
8.　　　　　　 v. 创办;成立
　　　　　　　 n. 创办人,创始者
　　　　　　　 n. 基础;地基
9.　　　　　　 vt. 组织,筹备
　　　　　　　 n. 组织者,安排者
　　　　　　　 n. 组织;团体;机构
10.　　　　　　 n. 农业
　　　　　　　 adj. 农业的
found
founder
foundation
organise
organiser
organisation
agriculture
agricultural
11.　　　　　　 v. 建议,提议
　　　　　　　 n. 建议,提议;求婚
12.　　　　　　 v. 决定;决心;确定
　　　　　　　 n. 决心;毅力
　　　　　　　 adj. 坚定的;坚决的
13.　　　　　　 vi. 消失,不见
　　　　　　　 n. 消失,不见
　　　　　　　 vi. 出现;似乎;显得
propose
proposal
determine
determination
determined
disappear
disappearance
appear
14.　　　　　　 n. 办公室
　　　　　　　 n. 官员,高级职员
　　　　　　　adj. 公务的;官方的
　　　　　　　 adv. 官方地
15.　　　　　　 n. 百分之……;百分数
　　　　　　　 n. 百分比,百分率
16.　　　　　　 v. 容纳
　　　　　　　 n. 容器
office
official
officially
percent
percentage
contain
container
17.　　　　　　 adj. 主要的;重要的
　　　　　　　　vi. 主修
　　　　　　　 n. 大多数;多数票
18.　　　　　　 v. 污染
　　　　　　　 n. 污染物
　　　　　　　 n. 污染
　　　　　　　 adj. 受污染的
major
majority
pollute
pollutant
pollution
polluted
Ⅳ. 短语互译
1.　　　　　　　 采取行动
2.　　　　　　　 尽心尽力于,致力于
3.　　　　　　　　 幸亏;由于
4.　　　　　　　　 调整(情绪);(通过反复思考来)解决(问题)
5.　　　　　　　　 想出,想到
6.　　　　　　　　 参加
7.　　　　　　　　 削减,缩减
8.　　　　　　　　 上来;走进;发生,出现;被提出
take action
be committed to
thanks to
work through
come up with
take part (in)
cut back on
come up
9.do my part for sth 　　　　　　 　
10.can't be bothered to do sth 　　　　　　　
11.all around the world 　　　　　　　
12.make sb's dream come true 　　　　　　　
13.make a difference 　　　　　　　
14.to sum up 　　　　　　　
尽自己所能做某事
懒得做某事
全世界
(使)某人梦想成真
有影响; 有作用
总之
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:if引导虚拟条件句
　If I had followed Mother‘s advice,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 .
(道歉信)
　如果我听从了母亲的建议,我就不会遇到这样的麻烦了。
2.句型公式:不定式短语作目的状语
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, you'd better have a knowledge of
　Chinese culture. (建议信)
　要学好汉语,你最好了解中国文化。
I wouldn’t have got into such a trouble
To study Chinese well
3.句型公式:so that引导目的状语从句
　They climbed to the top of the hill 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　他们爬上山顶,以便能看到更好的风景。
4.句型公式:with复合结构
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, more and more people begin to realize the
　importance of protecting the environment. (环境保护)
　随着时间的推移,越来越多的人开始意识到保护环境的重要性。
5.句型公式:not...but...
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that makes life more meaningful. (主旨升华)
　不是索取而是奉献让生命更有意义。
so that they might get a better view
With time going by
It is not taking but giving
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.She made a healthy p　　　　　　 on the deal in England.
2.It is well-known that bamboo s　　　　　　 are a panda's staple diet.
3.R　　　　　　 helps the environment mainly by saving energy.
4.Hard as it was,the girl o　　　　　　 the difficulty and completed her task wonderfully ahead of time.
5.People in some backward r　　　　　　 still live a life without electricity.
rofit
Step Two　练一练
hoots
ecycling
vercame
egions
6.There is a tendency that more and more people choose overseas
d　　　　　　 for their holidays.
7.One will find himself s　　　　　　 than before if he succeeds in giving up taking much sugar and fat.
8.The building work will go ahead, despite protests from local r　　　　　　.
estinations
slimmer
esidents
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
1.The number of cars is increasing 　　　　　　,which contributes to
　　　　　　warming,so people all over the 　　　　　　should try to use public transportation. (globe)
2.After 　　　　　　the advantages against the disadvantages of losing weight through an operation,she chose to have a 　　　　　　diet. (balance)
3.Though the parental 　　　　　　in school is limited,parents should fully get
　　　　　　in the education of their children. (involve)
globally
global
globe
balancing
balanced
involvement
involved
4.　　　　　　 in 1920,the school has a long history and all its
　　　　　　have passed away. (found)
5.Influenced by our head teacher,the 　　　　　 of my high school classmates have 　　　　　 in physics at university. (major)
6.I am 　　　　　　to give up smoking.But you know,quitting smoking takes not only 　　　　　　 but perseverance. (determine)
7.Many species are 　　　　　　every day.In fact,many scientists have long been concerned about the 　　　　　　of these species. (disappear)
8.The river has been seriously 　　　　　　by the 　　　　　　from a nearby factory,which might be faced with a large fine for the 　　　　　　. (pollute)
Founded
founders
majority
majored
determined
determination
disappearing
disappearance
polluted
pollutants
pollution
Ⅲ.短语填空
work through　make sb‘s dream come true　do my part for　
can't be bothered to　take part in　come up with
1.I mind my behaviour with the purpose of 　　　　 　the honor of my family.
2.Having made every effort,he has 　 　 　　and he finally becomes an astronaut.
3.So far, several of the members 　 　　　　　suggestions of their own and we will discuss their proposals when we are available.
doing my part for
made his dream come true
have come up with
4.We would spend approximately six hours 　　　　　 　　　　　　the challenging problem we were facing.
5.Unexpectedly,　　 　　　　 today's basketball game made my toes injured.
6.This weekend I 　　 　　　　do the housework because I was too tired and all I wanted to do was lie in bed.
working through
taking part in
couldn’t be bothered to
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I used to leave tap water running and lights on,wasting much water and electricity.It never 1.　　　　　　(occur) to me that I could do my part for oceans and deserts.To sum up,I just thought not I but others were to blame for smog,2.　　　　　　 (globe) warming and the extinction of wildlife.
occurred
global
However,everything changed after I was introduced to“Roots & Shoots”,
3.　　　　　　 founder was Jane Goodall.The purpose of the union is not to gain profits but to involve more young people in working out solutions to
4.　　　　　　(pollute) and a balanced ecosystem.Therefore,we hold
5.　 　　 activity once a month.We may put up posters 6.　　　　　　(educate) people to recycle honey or butter containers.We may advocate
7.　　　　　　(cut) back on disposable packaging.Sometimes we help
whose
pollution
an
to educate
cutting
clean up pollutants in rivers;sometimes we come up with proposals that clean-burning and waste-to-energy plants should 8.　　　　　　(build).Besides,we advocate pedaling our bikes and using less air conditioning to live a low-carbon life.Some local residents have negative attitudes to our activities,
9.　　　　　　 we just work through our frustration and overcome difficulties with great determination.
Currently,10.　　　　　　(branch) of organisation have spread to many counties and regions in China and all around the world.
be built
but/yet
branches
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.3 写作迁移
No.2 熟词生义/一词多义
1.bother vi.& vt.费心,麻烦;(使)烦恼 vt.打扰
佳句背诵　
I used to bother you to do many things for me,but you never got impatient with me.(感谢信)
我过去总是麻烦您为我做很多事情,但是您从来不会对我不耐烦。
Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.
(建议信;2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)
不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事。
bother (sb) to do sth 麻烦(某人)做某事;费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth 用某事打扰某人
It bothers/bothered sb that.../to do...
　 使某人烦恼的是……
can't be bothered to do sth懒得做某事
be bothered about sth 为……而担心/烦恼
以练促学　语段训练
No words are strong enough to express my heartfelt gratitude to you.Firstly,
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　the coming English Speech Competition a few days ago and it was you who 　　　　　　　　　　to improve my pronunciation and speech skills.Besides,I always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
I was faced with.Whenever I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,you always offered me wonderful proposals patiently and generously.(感谢信) 任何言语都不足以表达我对你的衷心感谢。首先,几天前我担心即将到来的英语演讲比赛,是你费心指导我提高我的发音和演讲技巧。此外,我总是麻烦你帮我解决我所面临的难题。每当我为我的事情打扰你时,你总是耐心而慷慨地为我提供很好的建议。
was bothered about
bothered to guide me
bothered you to help me solve difficult problems
bothered you with/about my matters
2.involve vt.参与(engage);包含(include);牵涉→involved adj.有关联的;参与的
　→involvement n.参与;投入
佳句背诵　
I am more than delighted to get involved in the upcoming “Chinese Workshop” activity,which aims to promote cultural exchange between China and the UK.(活动介绍;2023·天津6月卷)
我非常高兴能参加即将举办的旨在促进中英文化交流的“中国工坊”活动。
involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人卷入(做)某事
be/get involved in/with　 参与;卷入
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Everyone who is interested can sign up for it and we are looking forward to your active 　　　　　　(involve).(通知)
②No one can deny the fact that Chinese traditional cultures 　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and so on and thus,could you please tell me which ones attract foreigners most (传统文化;2021·全国甲卷)
毋庸置疑,中国传统文化包含书法、中国结、剪纸等等,因此,你可以告诉我哪些最吸引外国人吗
involvement
involve calligraphy,
Chinese knots,paper cutting
3.contented adj.满意的(satisfied);满足的→content vt.使满意 n.内容;目录
adj.满意的;满足的;愿意
佳句背诵　
It is widely acknowledged that happy people are those who are contented with their life.(演讲稿) 人们普遍认为,快乐的人是那些满足于自己生活的人。
content oneself with 满足于;使(某人)自己对……感到满足
be content/contented with 对……满足/满意
be content to do sth 乐于做某事
[点津]　content和contented都是形容词,但是contented可以作定语和表语,而content常作表语。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①The founder and organiser of the union was content 　　　　　 (pedal) to the destination.
②I 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　David's determination to overcome his initial doubts and David 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 in the cross-country run. 　　　　　　　　　　　emerged on our faces.
我对大卫克服最初疑虑的决心感到满意,大卫对自己在越野赛中的表现感到满意。我们脸上浮现出满意的微笑。(情绪描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
to pedal
was/feel contented/content with
contented himself with his own performance
A contented smile
4.occur vi.(occurred,occurred,occurring)发生 (happen);出现(appear);(想法)产生
→occurrence n.出现;发生;发生的事情
佳句背诵　
Then an idea occurred to me. I pointed at my phone and asked him to give his phone number to me so that I could contact him when I came back here.(细节描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 然后我突然想到了一个主意。我指着我的手机,让他给我他的电话号码,这样我回来后可以联系他。
sth occurs/occurred to sb 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事
[联想]　表示“某人突然想起……”的句式还有:sth strike(s) sb, sb hit(s) on/upon sth。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Memories with the hummingbird occurred 　　　　　　me when I walked to the blackberry-lined path.(心理+动作描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
②　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with my hard-earned money, so I dropped my favorite toy and sprang towards my home.
(动作链;2021·浙江6月卷) 我突然想到要用自己辛辛苦苦挣来的钱帮家里还清债务,于是我扔下最喜欢的玩具,朝家里飞奔而去。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the horses we were riding might know the way home and I smiled through tears.(心理描写)
我突然想起我们骑的马有可能认识回家的路,我破涕为笑。
to
It occurred to me to help my family out of debt
It/occurred to/hit/struck me that
5.proposal n.建议(suggestion,advice,recommendation),提议;求婚→propose
v.提议;建议;打算
佳句背诵　
As to presents, I have a proposal that you (should) choose some with New Zealand features, which is bound to win your friend's affection.(建议信)
关于礼物,我有一个建议,你应该选择一些具有新西兰特色的,这一定会赢得你朋友的喜爱。
the proposal to do...　 做……的建议
propose to do/doing...　 打算/建议做……
propose that...(should) do...　 建议……做……
[点津]　在suggestion,proposal,advice等需要具体内容解释的名词后常用虚拟
语气。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The official rejected the proposal 　　　　(use) more disposable containers.
②He came up with a proposal that the students 　　 　　　　(study) basic knowledge hard to lay a firm foundation for further study.
to use
(should) study
③　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　based on our language levels,learning styles and personalities so that we can practise speaking English more efficiently.我建议应该根据我们的语言水平、学习风格和个性对我们学生进行分组,这样我们就可以更有效地练习说英语。
(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
I propose that we students (should) be grouped/My proposal is that we students (should) be grouped/I propose us students’ being grouped
My older brother is extremely fond of playing football with his friends. Once I wanted to involve myself in their football match. But they couldn’t be bothered to play with me,so a flush of disappointment swept over me. Suddenly, it occurred to me that I could be a replacement for them. Eventually,they agreed to my proposal, which made me contented.
6.determination n.决心;毅力(persistence)→determine v.决定;决心;确定
→determined adj.坚定的;坚决的
佳句背诵　
David determined on/upon taking part in the cross-country run, his eyes twinkling with great determination. (心理描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫决定参加越野赛跑,他的眼里闪烁着极大的决心。
with determination 坚定地
determine to do... 决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
be determined to do... 决心做……(表示状态)
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I was touched by his courage.
看着他坚定的脸,我被他的勇气所感动。(心理描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
②She is 　　　　　　　　　　　　. So we know that once she has 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she will make her dream come true 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (人物介绍)
她是一个有决心的女孩。所以我们知道,一旦她决定做某事,她会以极大的决心使她的梦想成真。
Looking at his determined face
a determined girl
determined to do something
with great determination
7.majority n.大多数;多数;多数票(minority)→major adj.主要的;重要的 vi.主修
n.主修学生
佳句背诵　
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. However.the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.(演讲稿)
一些人生来就有公开演讲的天赋。然而,大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家,是因为他们受过训练。
in a/the majority　 占大多数
a/the majority of　 大多数……
major in　 主修……
[点津]　“the/a majority of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数与该名词的数一致。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①What made us wild with joy was that the majority of our work 　　　 (be) finished at 5 pm yesterday.
②It can be easily seen from the above chart that those who prefer listening to English songs are 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(2022·全国乙卷)
从上面的图表可以很容易地看出,喜欢听英文歌曲的人占大多数。
③As a graduate 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I feel excited to apply for the position.(申请信)
作为一名英语专业的毕业生,我很高兴能申请这个职位。
was
in the/a majority
majoring in English
8.work through调整(情绪)
佳句背诵　
It is hard for the mother to work through her sadness after her daughter got drowned.
在女儿溺水身亡后,母亲很难从悲伤中走出来。
break through　 突破
get through　 通过;完成;打通(电话)
go through　 经历;仔细检查
look through　 浏览
以练促学　用“动词+through”短语填空
①Scientists have 　　　　　　　　　　some technological barriers to make the batteries last longer.
②If you don't know the meaning of an unfamiliar word,try to guess the meaning instead of 　　　　　　　　　　　　a dictionary at first.(建议信)
③Eager to tell him what I had 　　　　　　　　　　during the past few years,I tried phoning him but failed to 　　　　　　　　　　.
broken through
looking through
gone through
get through
9.cut back on削减,缩减
佳句背诵　
People should cut back on cigarettes, and eat a balanced diet.(观点态度)
人们应该减少吸烟,均衡饮食。
cut across　 穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut in　 插嘴
cut off　 中止;切掉;使隔绝
cut out...　 停止做(或使用、食用)……;剪下
cut up　 切碎
cut down　 砍倒;削减;删节;缩小(尺寸、数量等)
以练促学　用cut短语填空
①The current advice for pregnant women is to 　　　　　　　　alcohol.
②I usually 　　　　　　　　the park on my way home and to school so that I can arrive at my destination early.
③She kept on 　　　　　during our conversation,which made us very annoyed.
④He 　　　　　　 the meat on his plate impatiently to show his extreme anger.
⑤My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking,but at least he has 　　　　 　.
cut out
cut across
cutting in
cut up
cut down
This year I took part in the College Entrance Examination. When the results were announced, a ripple of sadness welled up inside me. The majority of my classmates had passed the exam, but I failed. Finally I worked through my sadness and decided to study harder for another year by cutting back on my leisure time. When my parents saw my determination, smiles appeared on their faces.
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Well,it has one more bedroom than the last flat and the sitting room is big.
(2023·全国乙卷) 　　　　　
②That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (2021·浙江6月卷) 　　　　　
n.公寓
vt.对……评价
③According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation,51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights,even though they have to get up early. 　　　　　
④As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI”to Artificial General Intelligence.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 　　　　　
⑤Clay is a plastic substance that is widely used in making handicrafts. 　　　　　
n.基金会
adj.当前的
adj.可塑的
2.选出desert的汉语意思
A
C
B
A.n.芽,苗　B.vi.拍摄　C.vt.射击 D.vt.射(门);投(篮)
①He finally hit the target after he shot at it several times. 　　　　　
②To make some of my landscape shots,I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. (2023·全国乙卷) 　　　　　
③Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets,hitting a baseball,or throwing a football,preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. (2021·浙江6月卷) 　　　　　
④Once we set foot on the park,we found the roses putting out new shoots. 　 　
3.选出shoot的汉语意思
C
B
D
A
4.根据上下文写出balance的词性和词义
　　I often spend a lot of money protecting some rare animals to help keep the
①balance of nature. So when seeing my bank ②balance, I have to ③balance the advantages against the disadvantages before I give up my present job.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
①n.平衡　②n.余额　③ vt.权衡
1.句型公式:if引导虚拟条件句
课本原句:Of course,it wouldn't matter if there were just a few people in the world.
当然,如果世界上只有几个人,那就无所谓了。
佳句背诵　
If I were a dustman,I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.(演讲稿)
如果我是一名环卫工人,我会让我们的城市更干净,街上没有任何垃圾。
以练促学　单句写作
①If 　　　　　　　　, I 　　　　　　　　　　　　to work in a small town.
如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。
②If you 　　　　　　　　　　me in time, I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(感谢信)
如果你没有及时帮我,我可能已经陷入了巨大的麻烦。
I were you
would choose
hadn’t helped
could have got into great trouble
③If it 　　　　　　　　　　　　tomorrow,we 　　　　　　　　　the sports meet until next weekend.
如果明天下雨的话,我们将把这次运动会推迟到下周末。(通知)
④If you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　tomorrow,the team
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
如果你明天加入球队,球队一定会赢得比赛。
should/were to rain
would put off
should join the team
would certainly win the game
2.句型公式:with复合结构
课本原句:In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的一举一动!
佳句背诵　
With my heart starting to beat and my mouth dry,I rose to my feet and headed for the stage. (心理+动作描写)
我的心开始咚咚跳,嘴里发干,我站起来,向舞台走去。
以练促学　单句写作
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. (动作描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
我托着那只鸟,环顾四周,想看看她是怎么进来的。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I dashed to the hospital and found my sick teammate and I managed to finish the last tasks with his guidance.(动作描写;2022·浙江1月卷)　 有很多问题需要解决,我冲到医院,找到了生病的伙伴,在他的指导下,我成功地完成了最后的任务。
③She rested her head on her husband's shoulder,　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(情绪+动作描写)
她把头靠在丈夫的肩膀上,脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。
With the bird in my cupped hand
With many problems to settle
with a smile of happiness
spreading across her face
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　核心知识运用
1.Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any 　　　　 (indicate), he may be right. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.This experience gave her a new sense of confidence in her abilities and laid a solid 　　　　　(found) for her to face other challenges in the future.
(2024·浙江1月卷)
3.As a special education teacher at the school,I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong 　 　　　　　 (determine).
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
indication
foundation
determination
4.We all need to get 　　　　　　(involve) in saving energy whether it's at work, at home, or at school. (2021·天津3月卷)
5.The 　　　　　　(disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative explanations are hard to find.
6.While restaurants throw away tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of locked garbage 　　　　　　(contain), health regulations, or business policies.
7.The broad smile on his face suggested that he was contented 　　　　　　his career as a conductor of the band.
involved
disappearance
containers
with
8.The majority of the audience 　　　　　　(be) opposed to advertisements inserted in TV plays.
9.It took the player quite a few minutes to work 　　　　　　the massive mental stress caused by a mistake.
10.Ecologists recommended that human beings should cut back 　　　　　the emission of carbon dioxide before it was too late.
are
through
on
维度二　单句写作
1.Joe burst into tears and his legs trembled 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(with复合结构)
　乔的手被割伤,他突然大哭,腿颤抖着。
2.If 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 yesterday, I could not have caught the bus. (if引导虚拟条件句)
如果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。
3.Her parents made sacrifices 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
为了让她受到良好的教育,她的父母做了很多牺牲。
with his fingers cut
it had not been for your help
so that she could have a good education
4.How can it matter if I 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　, one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road (动词-ing形式作宾语补足语)
　如果我让一个小水龙头开着,一盏小灯开着,或者在路上丢一小块垃圾,这又有什么关系呢
5.Do you want to be a part of 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(动词-ed形式作定语)
　你想成为人类命运共同体的一员吗
leave one little tap running
a community for a shared future for mankind
维度三　单元知识拾遗
1.It was John who 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the brilliant idea of making popcorn for you to sell.　是约翰想出了做爆米花来供你去出售的好主意。
2.Students should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
　　学生应该参与社区活动,在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 wonderfully,I am writing to ask you for advice on which Chinese traditional cultures attract foreigners most. 　我决定很好地组织这次主题班会,所以我写信征求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。
came up with
involve themselves in
Determined to organise the theme class meeting
4.　 　　　　　 people 　　　　　　 plastic products.
　总之,大多数人都懒得回收塑料制品。
5.Life is like riding a bike.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,you must keep moving. (演讲稿)
　人生就像骑单车,只有不断前进才能保持平衡。
6.Many college students 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　许多大学生能从一年左右的休学中获益。
To sum up,the majority of
can’t be bothered to recycle
To keep your balance
profit from taking a year or so off
7.　　　　　　　　　　　　, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, for commercial purposes.
　在20世纪90年代初期,万维网的开发很大程度上是出于商业目的。
8.We should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in our life.
　我们应该以积极的态度对待生活中的失败。
9.When winter arrives, many animals stop being active and　　　　　　　　　
sight. 　冬季来临,许多动物不再活跃,从人们的视野中消失了。
10.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 well,he often talks with American friends.
　为了学好英语口语,他常常和美国朋友交谈。
In the early 1990s
take a positive attitude to failures
disappear from
In order to learn spoken English
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(倡议书——建设绿色校园)
　　假定你是学生会主席李华,学校正在创建绿色和谐校园,邀请你以学生会的名义向全校师生写一封创建绿色和谐校园的倡议书。内容包括:
1.创建绿色和谐校园的意义;
2.创建绿色和谐校园的方式;
3.提出号召。
根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作
第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达
①为了创建一个绿色和谐的校园,我们学校正在开展一项运动来唤起学生的低碳生活意识。 (不定式短语作目的状语,carbon)
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
②如果我们每个人都能为建设美丽的校园尽自己的一份力,我们就会梦想成真。(if引导虚拟条件句,do one's part for,make sb's dream come true)
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
To create a green and harmonious campus,our school is launching a campaign to arouse students’ awareness of living a low carbon life.
If everyone of us could do our part for a beautiful campus, we would make our dream come true.
③我的建议是,我们应该对不同种类的垃圾进行分类,以减少污染。
(proposal,so that引导目的状语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
④我们应该减少使用一次性筷子和塑料包装。不要随地乱扔垃圾或随地吐痰。 (cut back on,disposable,plastic,packaging)
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
My proposal is that we should classify different kinds of garbage so that we can reduce pollution.
We should cut back on the use of disposable chopsticks and plastic packaging. Never litter anywhere or spit around.
⑤每个人都会产生影响。让我们从现在开始行动起来,创建一个更加美丽的校园! (make a difference, take action)
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Everyone can make a difference. Let’s take action from now on to create a more beautiful campus!
第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)
To create a green and harmonious campus,our school is launching a campaign to arouse students’ awareness of living a low carbon life. If everyone of us could do our part for a beautiful campus, we would make our dream come true.
To begin with,my proposal is that we should classify different kinds of garbage so that we can reduce pollution.Furthermore,we should cut back on the use of disposable chopsticks and plastic packaging. Never litter anywhere or spit around.
Everyone can make a difference. Let’s take action from now on to create a more beautiful campus!
Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升
1.语料积累
单 词 anger n.　　　　　　愤怒,怒火
concerned adj. 担心的,焦急的
unsettled adj. 不安的
urge v. 敦促,催促,力劝
active adj. 好动的;积极主动的
anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑
词 块 gaze at　　　　　　　盯住;凝视
be reduced to tears 伤心落泪
contribute to 有助于,促成
melt away 融化;逐渐消失
美 句 1.The moment I set foot on my hometown ten years later,I gazed at the bare mountains and dirty rivers and froze there,overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of despair.
十年后,当我踏上家乡的那一刻,我望着光秃秃的山和脏兮兮的河,在那里僵住了,感到一阵绝望。
2.Concerned/Worried about the destroyed environment,I was unsettled for the first few days,being on pins and needles.
由于担心被破坏的环境,我在最初的几天里心神不宁,感觉如坐针毡。
3.Full of hope, I believed my hometown would restore soon.
我满怀希望,相信家乡很快就会恢复。
2.场景片段训练(看到环境被破坏时的心理活动:绝望→担心→坚定→充满希望)
The moment I set foot on my hometown ten years later,I gazed at the bare mountains and dirty rivers and froze there,①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(动词-ed形式作状语). Past beautiful scenery came back in floods.I ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
thinking what had contributed to the terrible environment.③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　(形容词短语作状语), I was unsettled for the first few days,being on pins and needles.
overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of despair
was reduced to tears and bent my head in despair
Concerned/Worried about the destroyed environment
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (形容词短语作状语),
I began delivering lectures to ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　.
The public's active responses melted away my feelings of anxiety and concern. ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I believed my hometown would restore soon.
Determined to change the situation
urge people to protect the environment
Full of hope
十年后,当我踏上家乡的那一刻,我望着光秃秃的山和脏兮兮的河,在那里僵住了,感到一阵绝望。往日的美景如洪水般涌了回来。我流下了眼泪,绝望地低下了头,想着是什么造成了这种可怕的环境。由于担心被破坏的环境,我在最初的几天里心神不宁,感觉如坐针毡。我决定改变这种状况,开始发表演讲,以敦促人们保护环境。公众的积极反应消除了我的焦虑和担忧。我满怀希望,相信家乡很快就会恢复。
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
　　We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored.Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,”said a BMF employee.
真题再做
28.What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A.It guarantees the variety of food.
B.It requires day-to-day care.
C.It cuts the farm-to-table distance.
D.It relies on farmer's markets.
√
29.What information does the convenient app offer
A.Real-time weather changes.
B.Current condition of the plants.
C.Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D.Availability of pre-seeded pods.
√
30.What can be concluded about BMF employees
A.They have a great passion for sports.
B.They are devoted to community service.
C.They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D.They have a strong environmental awareness.
√
31.What does the text mainly talk about
A.BMF's major strengths.
B.BMF's general management.
C.BMF's global influence.
D.BMF's technical standards.
√
思维建模
文章大意题——析主题知文意
第一步 仔细阅读文章,理清文章结构
第二步 标出能概括文章大意的主题句或主体段、高频词及关键信息,并采用恰当的方法概括文章
第三步 分析选项,斟酌判断,选出最佳答案
以例示法
如31题,本题是文章大意题。文章首段介绍BMF公司缩短了食物到餐桌的运输过程,接着第二至四段介绍了BMF的创新设计系统及其优势,最后一段介绍了BMF员工在生活和工作中践行可持续发展。综上所述,文章从各个方面凸显了BMF的优势,故A项正确。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
1.produce / pr dju s/ n.　农产品 2.shorten / t( )n/ v. 缩短;减少 3.innovative / n ve t v/ adj. 革新的 4.reliable /r la b( )l/ adj. 可靠的,可信赖的 5.specifically /sp s f kli/ adv. 明确地;具体地 6.remotely /r m tli/ adv. 偏僻地,边远地;远程地 7.monitor / m n t (r)/ n.显示器,监控器;班长v.监测,监控 8.automate / t me t/ v. 使自动化 9.pesticide / pest sa d/ n. 杀虫剂 10.chemical / kem k( )l/ n.化学制品,化学物质adj.化学的,与化学有关的 1.innovative design创新设计
2.rely on new technology
依靠新技术
3.in real time实时地
4.get the next growth cycle started
开始下一个生长周期
5.zero emissions零排放
6.live out sustainability
践行可持续发展
析 长 难 语 句 Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad. [句式分析]　本句是一个复合句,可简化为:having a system...means zero emissions...;having a system是动词-ing形式作　　　　;　　　　　　引导定语从句,修饰先行词the same building。 [尝试翻译]　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
主语
where
　　　　　　此外,在食用植物的同一建筑中安装一个系统意味着将植物从土壤(中被收获)到(被制成)沙拉运输的过程中实现零排放。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·南京、盐城高三二模)
Across the world,humans purchase around 1.3 billion single-use plastic water bottles a day.Because only about 9% of plastic is recycled,the vast majority of those bottles wind up in landfills,the ocean,or elsewhere in nature.
When beach-loving Madison noticed those plastic bottles during her family’s trips to California,the then 12-year-old girl “just felt like this needed to be changed”,she told Smithsonian Magazine.
So as she began thinking about what to do for her school science fair back in 2021,the idea of a project centered on reducing plastic pollution quickly came to her mind:She would design an eatable water bottle called the Eco-Hero.
“One of my biggest ambitions for my project was wanting to help the world,”the confident young inventor said in a video on the website.
To bring her idea to life,Madison built upon the already established method by experimenting with common food materials.She also took inspiration from previous versions of eatable water bottles,though she focused on making hers bigger and more durable.She found that the combination of water,lemon juice,natural gum,and Alginic acid (褐藻酸) resulted in a gel pouch that wouldn’t break,could hold up to 3/4 cup of water,and would last in the fridge for three weeks.
Though she’d like to improve the Eco-Hero by making it able to hold more water,she believes her current version would work well as a replacement for the paper cups used by runners in races.All one needs to do is bite a hole in the water ball,drink the water,and then eat the pouch or throw it away to biodegrade.Madison hopes the Eco-Hero inspires others to take better care of the planet.“It doesn’t necessarily have to be in a big way,”she told Smithsonian Magazine.“People can still make a difference in the world,even if it’s just in a small way.”
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁的女孩Madison为了解决塑料瓶污染的问题,发明了可食用的水瓶。
1.What inspired Madison’s design of an eatable water bottle
A.Her school’s task.
B.Her family’s urge.
C.Her love for nature.
D.Her trips to the beach.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段的描述可知,Madison和她的家人去加州旅行时她注意到那些塑料瓶未被循环利用,觉得这种状况需要改变。因此,在2021年准备学校的科学展览时,她很快就想到了设计一个名为“生态英雄”的可食用水瓶以减少塑料污染。由此可知,是去海滩的旅行激发了她的可食用水瓶的设计灵感,故选D项。
2.What can we know about the Eco-Hero
A.It is a copy of the previous versions.
B.It is made from unbreakable materials.
C.It is an improvement in size and durability.
D.It has a hole and should be disposed once used.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“though she focused on making hers...in the fridge for three weeks”可知,Madison专注于让自己的设计更大、更耐用,她设计了特殊材质的凝胶袋,提升了产品的容量、质量和保存时长。由此可知,“生态英雄”在容量和耐用性方面进行了改进,故选C项。
3.Which of the following words can best describe Madison
A.Ambitious and creative.
B.Talented and determined.
C.Courageous and confident.
D.Cooperative and committed.
√
解析　推理判断题。Madison设计了可食用水瓶,由此可知她富有创造力;由第四段可知,Madison的最大抱负之一就是想帮助世界;由最后一段可知,她认为人们可以改变这个世界,即使只是在一个小的方面。由此可推知,Madison既有创造力又有雄心大志,故选A项。
4.What can be the best title for the text
A.A good beginning is half done.
B.Small people make big moves.
C.Where there is a will,there is a way.
D.God helps those who help themselves.
√
解析　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了当时才12岁的Madison设计了可食用水瓶以减少塑料污染的问题。她希望能激励人们更好地照顾地球,为世界做出贡献。故本文可用B项(小人物采取大行动)作最佳标题,故选B项。
(2025·石家庄高三质量检测)
There’re plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets.But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh,consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home.The same goes for distribution centers and supermarkets.
Now,the food technology startup OneThird,located in the Netherlands,is looking to change that with an infrared (使用红外线的) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last.The startup is named OneThird because one-third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质)every year.
The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food.“I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce.One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life,founder and CEO of OneThird,Marco Snikkers said.
Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually (手动地).An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality.Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis.This means that a shipment of ripe tomatoes will not be sent long distances away.
OneThird’s scanner combines the technology of optical scanners,image modeling,and artificial intelligence to provide accurate shelf-life predictions.
The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage.“Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith,a climate expert from the University of Maine.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了初创公司OneThird采用红外线扫描仪来解决因食物的保质期不确定而导致的食物浪费问题。
5.What problem does OneThird aim to solve
A.The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables.
B.Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers.
C.Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life.
D.Consumers’ difficulty judging the freshness of produce.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段可知,该公司正在寻求用一种红外线扫描仪来解决人们不知道保质期的问题;这家初创公司之所以被命名为OneThird,是因为每年有三分之一的食物因变质而被浪费。故可推测,OneThird的创立是为了解决因不清楚食物保质期而造成食物变质从而造成食物浪费的问题,故选C项。
6.What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using the infrared scanner
A.The use of the device in another field.
B.Observation of the food-supply chain.
C.Consumer demands for fresher produce.
D.Experts’ advice on food waste reduction.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The startup’s founders...if it was applicable for food.”可知,这家初创公司的创始人受到一家在医疗领域使用这种技术的英国公司的启发,并决定看看它是否适用于食品,故选A项。
7.What can we learn about the manual quality inspections
A.They are time-consuming and costly.
B.They are not performed at a regular time.
C.The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement.
D.The shipping time is not taken into consideration.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段内容尤其是“Then the food is sent to consumers...will remain usable.”可知,人工质量检验时,检查员检查水果和蔬菜,并记录大小和质量。然后将食物发送给消费者,而不考虑运输的时间或农产品的使用期,故选D项。
8.What’s Jacob’s attitude to OneThird’s effort
A.Approving. B.Doubtful.
C.Tolerant. D.Dismissive.
√
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中Jacob的话“reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security”可知,Jacob认为,减少全球食物浪费可减少全球温室气体排放物并促进全球食物安全,所以可推知Jacob对于OneThird的努力持支持态度,故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·梅州高三模拟)
I passed my test when I was 19,and I’ve been behind the wheel for most journeys since.After becoming a 　1　 eight years ago,I became more dependent on my car,thinking that it meant security for me and my child.I couldn’t 　2　 a world where I didn’t get around on four wheels,but that all 　3　 when I tried going car-free.
Earlier this year,I 　4　 for a challenge posed by the climate charity to see what it would be like without my car for three weeks.I 　5　 an electric family bike.Straight away,I enjoyed having a break from driving,especially on the
　6　 run.What was once an unpredictable trip to my daughter’s school often stuck in traffic was now a 　7　 ride along the canal.And my daughter loved every moment of it,which gave me the 　8　 to know that we were doing the right thing.
Giving up my car didn’t come without its 　9　.I work in a grocery,and although there are 　10　 car parking space,there isn’t enough bike parking space to 　11　 my bike securely.On balance,the benefits outweighed the disadvantages.I felt myself getting 　12　 because I was getting exercise during my commute (通勤的路程).I saved a bit of money every week just like other participants in this 　13　.
I was surprised by how 　14　 it was to give up the car and get around on my bike.I 　15　 to think it was my duty as a parent to be a driver.Now it’s my duty to get on my bike whenever I can.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一位依赖汽车的人,经过一次挑战三周不开车的经历后,生活方式发生了改变。作者体会到了快乐,认为这样做利大于弊,并将继续进行下去。
1.A.driver B.shopkeeper C.student D.parent
√
解析　根据下文的“thinking that it meant security for me and my child”中的my child可知,作者八年前已经是一位家长了,故选D项。
2.A.imagine B.enter C.create D.explore
√
解析　根据上文的“I became more dependent on my car,thinking that it meant security for me and my child.”可知,作者成为一位家长后,变得更加依赖汽车,认为这对他和孩子来说意味着安全。故本句指的是作者不能想象没有这四个轮子的汽车的世界,故选A项。
3.A.happened B.worked C.changed D.mattered
√
解析　本句中的关键词是but,上文谈到作者非常依赖他的汽车,根据下文的“when I tried going car-free”可知,当作者尝试无车出行的时候一切都改变了,故选C项。
4.A.headed off B.signed up C.calmed down D.checked up
√
解析　根据下文作者没有用车出行可知,作者今年早些时候登记接受了气候慈善机构提出的挑战,看看没有车三周会是什么样子,故选B项。
5.A.switched B.bought C.transformed D.donated
√
解析　上文谈到作者参加了一个三周不开车的挑战,故可推知本句指的是作者买了一辆电动家庭自行车,故选B项。
6.A.school B.grocery C.family D.office
√
解析　根据下文的“an unpredictable trip to my daughter’s school”可知,此处表示作者尤其享受不开车接送女儿上下学的状态,故选A项。
7.A.wild B.dangerous C.fun D.busy
√
解析　因为以前作者开车去女儿的学校经常堵车,现在骑车了,就能沿着运河骑行,作者应是觉得很有意思,故选fun。空后的“my daughter loved every moment of it”也是提示,故选C项。
8.A.reason B.hope C.lesson D.fuel
√
解析　作者的女儿喜欢骑行的每一刻,这给作者动力,让作者知道他们在做正确的事情,故选fuel“刺激因素”,故选D项。
9.A.shortcomings B.doubts C.requirements D.rewards
√
解析　根据下文的没有足够的自行车停车场来安全地停放自行车可知,放弃开车是有缺点的,故选A项。
10.A.permanent B.sufficient C.few D.free
√
解析　根据下文的“there isn’t enough bike parking space”和空前的although可知,此处表示“虽然有足够的汽车停车位”,故选B项。
11.A.clean B.ride C.lock D.repair
√
解析　根据常识可知,停自行车是要把车锁起来的,故选C项。
12.A.smarter B.richer C.luckier D.fitter
√
解析　根据下文的“I was getting exercise during my commute(通勤的路程)”可知,在通勤期间作者锻炼了身体,故此处应是作者感到身体越来越健康,故选D项。
13.A.stay B.research C.trial D.conference
√
解析　根据第二段中谈到的“a challenge posed by the climate charity...for three weeks”可知,作者报名了一个慈善机构发出的挑战,所以这里讲到了作者和其他参赛者一样,在这次挑战中省了油钱,故选C项。
14.A.pleasant B.awkward C.precious D.anxious
√
解析　上文谈到了作者通过这次挑战不开车而骑自行车的经历后,既感到有趣又锻炼了身体,又节省了油钱,故可知作者认为这样做是令人愉悦的,故选A项。
15.A.failed B.used C.started D.continued
√
解析　根据下文的Now可知,本句指的是过去的事情,指的是作者过去曾经认为作为父母,作者有责任成为一名司机。used to do“过去常做”,故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·南京、盐城高三二模)
Incense (香) boasts a long history,1.　　　　　　 its roots in many cultures—ancient China,ancient Egypt,Babylon and beyond.People from all walks of life benefit from its countless qualities,whether they use it for pleasure
2.　　　　　　 as medicine.
Since the Tang and Song dynasties,burning incense,hanging paintings, making tea,and enjoying music have been known as the“four arts for the literati (文人学士)”.3.　　　　　　 (make) from seeds,leaves,and flowers,incense has been used as an enjoyable 4.　　　　　　 ( pursue) for scholars.
Moreover,medical incense is an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine,which considers preventative healthcare as 5.　　　　　　 far superior form of treatment when illness strikes.
6.　　　　　　(basic),medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment,protecting people against infections.It is also believed
7.　　　　　　(possess)the ability to balance the flow of Qi,a vital energy force within the body.Once the medical elements within incense are breathed in,they soon find 8.　　　　　　(they) way into the bloodstream.From there they go directly to the organs 9.　　　　　　 treatment assistance is needed.The specific types of incense 10.　　　　　　(choose) based on the individual’s condition,aiming to restore balance and promote well-being.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了香的历史、文化意义及其在医
疗和日常生活中的用途,说明了香在预防性医疗和提升生活品质方面的作用。
1.with　[考查介词。空前为完整的句子,此处是with复合结构作状语。句意:香有着悠久的历史,它起源于许多文化——古代中国、古埃及、巴比伦和其他地方。故填with。]
2.or　[考查并列连词。空前的for pleasure和空后的as medicine为并列关系,且“whether...or...”为固定搭配,表示选择,故填or。]
3.Made　[考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是has been used,故此空应填非谓语动词。因make与句子的主语incense是逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用动词-ed形式,注意因位于句首,单词首字母要大写。句意:香是由种子、叶子和花朵制成,一直被学者们视为令人愉悦的追求。故填Made。]
4.pursuit　[考查词性转换。由空前的an enjoyable可知,此处应为名词。pursue是动词,其名词形式是pursuit,故填pursuit。]
5.a　[考查冠词。consider...as...是固定短语,意为“认为……是……”;空后的form为可数名词单数,此处表示泛指,且far的发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词,故填a。]
6.Basically　[考查词性转换。此处句子结构完整,故应用副词作状语,且位于句首,单词首字母要大写。故填Basically。]
7.to possess　[考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是is believed,此空应填非谓语动词。再根据固定表达sth/sb is believed to do可知,应填动词不定式,故填to possess。]
8.their　[考查代词。way是名词,其前应用形容词性物主代词修饰,故填their。]
9.where　[考查定语从句。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,该空引导定语从句,修饰先行词organs,且该空在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词,故填where。]
10.are chosen　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据两处非谓语动词“based on”和“aiming to”可知,此处应填谓语动词。此处是描述一般情况,故用一般现在时;因主语是The specific types of incense,与choose是被动关系,故应用被动语态;主语是复数,故填are chosen。]
单 词 聚 焦 1.landfill / l ndf l/ n.废物填埋地(或场) 2.eatable / i t bl/ adj.可吃的
3.ambition / m b n/ n.野心;雄心;志向;抱负 4.previous / pri vi s/ adj.先前的;以往的
5.version / v n/ n.版本;描述,说法;变体;变种 6.durable / dj r bl/ adj.持久的;耐用的 7.replacement /r ple sm nt/ n.代替;更换 8.biodegrade / ba d ɡre d/ v.生物降解
9.juicy / d u si/ adj.多汁的;汁液丰富的 10.distribution / d str bju n/ n.分配;分布
11.accurately / kj r tli/ adv.精确地,准确地 12.applicable / pl k bl/ adj.适用的
13.inspection / n spek n/ n.视察;检查;审视
14.enormous / n m s/ adj.巨大的;庞大的;极大的
15.security /s kj r ti/ n.保护措施;安全工作;安全
16.pose /p z/ v.造成,引起(威胁、危险、问题等);提出(问题);(为照相、画像等)摆好姿势n.(为拍照、画像等摆的)姿势
17.unpredictable / npr d kt bl/ adj.无法预测的,不定的
18.outweigh / a t we / vt.超过;比(某人)重
19.preventative /pr vent t v/ adj.预防性的;防止的
20.restore /r st (r)/ v.恢复;使复原;使复位
词 块 积 累 1.wind up以……告终;停止(活动)　　　　　　　　　
2.science fair科学展览
3.bring one’s idea to life把某人的想法变成现实
4.result in导致
5.go for适用于
6.quality inspection质量检查
7.on a timely basis及时地
8.shelf-life prediction保质期预测
9.promote global food security促进全球粮食安全
10.on balance总的来说
长 难 句 式 1.Now,the food technology startup OneThird,located in the Netherlands,is looking to change that with an infrared scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last.
[分析]　本句是一个复合句,可简化为:the food technology startup OneThird...is looking to change that...。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词infrared scanner;how long引导宾语从句。
[译文]　现在,位于荷兰的食品科技初创公司OneThird正在寻求通过红外线扫描仪来改变那种状况,该扫描仪可以准确预测新鲜水果和蔬菜的保质期。
2.The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food.
[分析]　本句是一个复合句,可简化为:The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company...and decided to see if it was applicable for food。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词company;if引导宾语从句。
[译文]　这家初创公司的创始人受到一家在医疗领域使用这种技术的英国公司的启发,并决定看看它是否适用于食品。Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.tap n. 龙头;阀门
2.tissue n. 纸巾
3.smog n. 雾霾
4.battery n. 电池
5.carbon n. 碳
6.just me ism n. 以自我为中心,自我中心主义
7.gallon n. 加仑
8.institute n. 机构;研究院
9.chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩
10.brick n. 砖,砖块
11.wag vi.& vt. (狗)摇(尾巴)
12.quote n. 引文,引用(的话)
13.headstone n. 墓碑
14.county n. 县
15.pedal vi.& vt. 骑
n. 踏板
16.diagram n. 图解,示意图
17.disposable adj. 一次性的,用完即丢弃的
18.packaging n. 包装盒(瓶、袋),包装材料
19.honey n. 蜂蜜
20.butter n. 黄油,牛油
21.yoghurt n. 酸奶
22.air conditioning n. 空调系统
23.landfill n. 废弃物填埋场
24.clean burning adj. 清洁焚烧的
25.waste to energy adj. 以垃圾作为能源的
26.footwear n. 鞋类
27.near surface adj. 近地表的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.coral reefs in the ocean 海洋里的珊瑚礁
2.recycle plastic bottles 回收塑料瓶
3.the founder of Roots & Shoots “根与芽”的创始人
4.put up posters 张贴海报
5.a non profit organization 非营利组织
6.the student union 学生会
7.have a contented life 过着满足的生活
8.Something unexpected occurred. 一件出乎意料的事发生了。
9.in remote regions 在偏远地区
10.keep a slim figure 保持苗条的身材
11.the survival rate 存活率
12.overcome difficulties 克服困难
13.his former colleagues 他以前的同事们
14.do ordinary things 做普通的事
15.therefore adv. 因此;由此
16.a bicycle path 自行车道
17.reach your destination 到达你的目的地
18.local residents 当地居民
19.her negative attitude to life 她对生活的消极态度
20.sum up what you said 总结一下你说的话
21.the build up of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳的增长
22.the problem of overflowing landfills 垃圾填埋场溢出的问题
Ⅲ.一词多义
1.desert n.沙漠;荒原 vt.遗弃;舍弃
①desert climate沙漠气候
②Never desert a friend in need.
决不要抛弃有困难的朋友。
2.flat n.一套公寓房,一套住房 adj.平坦的;瘪了的,撒了气的
①a flat tire爆胎
②as flat as a pancake非常平坦
3.shoot n.芽,苗;嫩枝 v.射中;射击;拍摄;飞驰;射门;投篮
①shoot the bird with his gun用枪打鸟
②little green shoots绿色的小嫩芽
4.firm adj.实的;稳固的 n.商行,公司
①firm muscles结实的肌肉
②an engineering firm 工程公司
5.current adj.当前的,现时的 n.水流,气流;电流
①the ocean currents洋流
②the current situation目前的局势
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.global adj. 全球的,全世界的
globe n. 球体;地球
globally adv. 全球地,全世界地
2.industrial adj. 工业的
industry n. 工业
3.extinction n. 灭绝
extinct adj. 已灭绝的
4.solution n. 解决办法;答案
solve v. 解决
5.electricity n. 电
electric adj. 电动的
electrical adj. 用电的;发电的
electronic adj. 电子的
6.transport n. 交通运输系统,运输方式
vt. 运输;传播
transportation n. 运输;交通工具
7.balance n. 平衡;余额;天平
v. 保持平衡;权衡
balanced adj. 平衡的
8.foundation n. 基础;地基
found v. 创办;成立
founder n. 创办人,创始者
9.involve vt. 参与;包含;牵涉
involved adj. 参与的;有关联的
involvement n. 投入;参与
10.organiser n. 组织者,安排者
organise vt. 组织,筹备
organisation n. 组织;团体;机构
11.agriculture n. 农业
agricultural adj. 农业的
12.proposal n. 建议,提议;求婚
propose v. 建议,提议
13.determination n. 决心;毅力
determine v. 决定;决心;确定
determined adj. 坚定的;坚决的
14.parking n. (车辆等的)停放
park v. 停车
15.disappear vi. 消失,不见
disappearance n. 消失,不见
appear vi. 出现;似乎;显得
16.tracking n. 跟踪
track v. 跟踪
n. 踪迹
17.official n. 官员,高级职员
adj. 公务的;官方的
office n. 办公室
officially adv. 官方地
18.percentage n. 百分比,百分率
percent n. 百分之……;百分数
19.container n. 容器
contain v. 容纳
20.majority n. 大多数;多数票
major adj. 主要的;重要的
vi. 主修
21.indicate vt. 表明;显示
indication n. 迹象;表示;标示
22.annually adv. 每年;一年一度地
annual adj. 每年的;一年一度的
23.pollutant n. 污染物
pollute v. 污染
pollution n. 污染
polluted adj. 受污染的
24.flooding n. 水灾,洪水泛滥
flood n. 洪水
Ⅴ.短语词块
1.do my part for sth　 尽自己所能做某事
2.can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
3.suffer from 遭受
4.take action 采取行动
5.be committed to 尽心尽力于,致力于
6.make a difference 有影响;有作用
7.work through 调整(情绪);(通过反复思考来)解决(问题)
8.come up with 想出,想到
9.come up 上来;走进;发生,出现;被提出
10.take part (in) 参加
11.cut back on 削减,缩减
12.to sum up 总之
13.make sb’s dream come true (使)某人梦想成真
14.a matter of 只有几个……之多,不多于
15.thanks to 幸亏;由于
16.all around the world 全世界
17.leave the tap running 让水龙头开着
18.drop a piece of litter 扔一片垃圾
19.in the early 1990s 在20世纪90年代初
20.live in peace with nature 与自然和平相处
21.make a firm foundation 夯实基础
22.make it a better place to live in 让它成为更好的居住地
23.plenty of places for bicycle parking 很多可以停放自行车的地方
24.enjoy the benefits of exercise 享受锻炼的好处
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.Of course,it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world. (if引导虚拟条件句)
当然,如果世界上只有几个人,那就无所谓了。
2.To inspire young people to take action for the environment,animals and their community,Roots & Shoots was established. (不定式短语作目的状语)
为了激励年轻人采取行动保护环境、动物和他们的社区,“根与芽”诞生了。
3.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey,so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. (so that引导目的状语从句)
人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能从那里继续使用。
4.In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move! (with复合结构)
1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的一举一动!
5.The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours. (not...but...)
新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的,而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。
6.Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people,like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”,you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. (those作先行词的定语从句)
由于这个提议以及众多人的努力,如20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人,现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。
构词法 日积月累
名词后缀 ing:表示行为、活动或事物的名称
直接加 ing tracking跟踪　parking (车辆等的)停放　flooding水灾,洪水泛滥　 warning警示,告诫 suffering痛苦 feeling感觉,感情 bargaining讨价还价,交易
双写词尾辅音 字母再加 ing beginning开始,开端;swimming游泳;shopping购物
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.not to leave the tap running 不要让水龙头一直开着
2.use less tissue paper 少用纸巾
3.be overspread with heavy smog 被浓重雾霾笼罩
4.recycle used batteries 回收用过的电池
5.live a low carbon life 过一种低碳生活
6.a famous institute 一所著名的研究院
7.brick walls 砖墙
8.wag its tail (狗)摇尾巴
9.a small county 一个小县城
10.the brake pedal 刹车踏板
11.as the diagram shows 如示意图所示
12.disposable packaging 一次性包装
13. honey bottles and butter containers 蜂蜜瓶和黄油容器
14.reduce the use of air conditioning 减少空调的使用
fortable footwear 舒适的鞋
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.ocean n. 海洋,大海
2.desert n. 沙漠
3.recycle vi.& vt. 再利用,回收利用
4.flat n. 一套公寓房,一套住房
adj. 平坦的
5.root n. 树根
6.shoot n. 芽,苗;嫩枝
vt. 射中;射击
7.firm adj. 实的;稳固的
8.poster n. 海报
9.profit n. 盈利,利润
10.contented adj. 满意的;满足的
11.region n. 地区,区域
12.slim adj. 微小的;苗条的;薄的
13.rate n. 比率,率
14.overcome vt. 克服(困难);控制(感情)
15.current adj. 当前的,现时的
16.ordinary adj. 普通的;平常的
17.therefore adv. 因此;由此
18.destination n. 目的地;终点
19.resident n. 居民
20.attitude n. 看法;态度
21.plastic adj. 塑料制的
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.globe n.　 球体;地球
global adj. 全球的,全世界的
globally adv. 全球地,全世界地
2.industry n. 工业
industrial adj. 工业的
3.extinct adj. 已灭绝的
extinction n. 灭绝
4.solve v. 解决
solution n. 解决办法;答案
5.electric adj. 电动的
electrical adj. 用电的;发电的
electronic adj. 电子的
electricity n. 电
6.balance n. 平衡;余额;天平
v. 保持平衡;权衡
balanced adj. 平衡的
7.involve vt. 参与;包含;牵涉
involved adj. 参与的;有关联的
involvement n. 投入;参与
8.found v. 创办;成立
founder n. 创办人,创始者
foundation n. 基础;地基
9.organise vt. 组织,筹备
organiser n. 组织者,安排者
organisation n. 组织;团体;机构
10.agriculture n. 农业
agricultural adj. 农业的
11.propose v. 建议,提议
proposal n. 建议,提议;求婚
12.determine v. 决定;决心;确定
determination n. 决心;毅力
determined adj. 坚定的;坚决的
13.disappear vi. 消失,不见
disappearance n. 消失,不见
appear vi. 出现;似乎;显得
14.office n. 办公室
official n. 官员,高级职员
adj. 公务的;官方的
officially adv. 官方地
15.percent n. 百分之……;百分数
percentage n. 百分比,百分率
16.contain v. 容纳
container n. 容器
17.major adj. 主要的;重要的
vi. 主修
majority n. 大多数;多数票
18.pollute v. 污染
pollutant n. 污染物
pollution n. 污染
polluted adj. 受污染的
Ⅳ. 短语互译
1.take action　 采取行动
2.be committed to 尽心尽力于,致力于
3.thanks to 幸亏;由于
4.work through 调整(情绪);(通过反复思考来)解决(问题)
5.come up with 想出,想到
6.take part (in) 参加
7.cut back on 削减,缩减
8.come up 上来;走进;发生,出现;被提出
9.do my part for sth 尽自己所能做某事
10.can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
11.all around the world 全世界
12.make sb’s dream come true (使)某人梦想成真
13.make a difference 有影响;有作用
14.to sum up 总之
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:if引导虚拟条件句
If I had followed Mother’s advice,I wouldn’t have got into such a trouble. (道歉信)
如果我听从了母亲的建议,我就不会遇到这样的麻烦了。
2.句型公式:不定式短语作目的状语
To study Chinese well,you’d better have a knowledge of Chinese culture. (建议信)
要学好汉语,你最好了解中国文化。
3.句型公式:so that引导目的状语从句
They climbed to the top of the hill so that they might get a better view.
他们爬上山顶,以便能看到更好的风景。
4.句型公式:with复合结构
With time going by, more and more people begin to realize the importance of protecting the environment. (环境保护)
随着时间的推移,越来越多的人开始意识到保护环境的重要性。
5.句型公式:not...but...
It is not taking but giving that makes life more meaningful. (主旨升华)
不是索取而是奉献让生命更有意义。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.She made a healthy profit on the deal in England.
2.It is well known that bamboo shoots are a panda’s staple diet.
3.Recycling helps the environment mainly by saving energy.
4.Hard as it was,the girl overcame the difficulty and completed her task wonderfully ahead of time.
5.People in some backward regions still live a life without electricity.
6.There is a tendency that more and more people choose overseas destinations for their holidays.
7.One will find himself slimmer than before if he succeeds in giving up taking much sugar and fat.
8.The building work will go ahead, despite protests from local residents.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
1.The number of cars is increasing globally,which contributes to global warming,so people all over the globe should try to use public transportation. (globe)
2.After balancing the advantages against the disadvantages of losing weight through an operation,she chose to have a balanced diet. (balance)
3.Though the parental involvement in school is limited,parents should fully get involved in the education of their children.(involve)
4.Founded in 1920,the school has a long history and all its founders have passed away. (found)
5.Influenced by our head teacher,the majority of my high school classmates have majored in physics at university. (major)
6.I am determined to give up smoking.But you know,quitting smoking takes not only determination but perseverance. (determine)
7.Many species are disappearing every day.In fact,many scientists have long been concerned about the disappearance of these species. (disappear)
8.The river has been seriously polluted by the pollutants from a nearby factory,which might be faced with a large fine for the pollution. (pollute)
Ⅲ.短语填空
1.I mind my behaviour with the purpose of doing my part for the honor of my family.
2.Having made every effort,he has made his dream come true and he finally becomes an astronaut.
3.So far, several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own and we will discuss their proposals when we are available.
4.We would spend approximately six hours working through the challenging problem we were facing.
5.Unexpectedly,taking part in today’s basketball game made my toes injured.
6.This weekend I couldn’t be bothered to do the housework because I was too tired and all I wanted to do was lie in bed.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I used to leave tap water running and lights on,wasting much water and electricity.It never 1.occurred(occur) to me that I could do my part for oceans and deserts.To sum up,I just thought not I but others were to blame for smog,2.global(globe) warming and the extinction of wildlife.
However,everything changed after I was introduced to“Roots & Shoots”,3.whose founder was Jane Goodall.The purpose of the union is not to gain profits but to involve more young people in working out solutions to 4.pollution(pollute) and a balanced ecosystem.Therefore,we hold 5.an activity once a month.We may put up posters 6.to educate(educate) people to recycle honey or butter containers.We may advocate 7.cutting(cut) back on disposable packaging.Sometimes we help clean up pollutants in rivers;sometimes we come up with proposals that clean burning and waste to energy plants should 8.be built(build).Besides,we advocate pedaling our bikes and using less air conditioning to live a low carbon life.Some local residents have negative attitudes to our activities,9.but/yet we just work through our frustration and overcome difficulties with great determination.
Currently,10.branches(branch) of organisation have spread to many counties and regions in China and all around the world.
1.bother vi.& vt.费心,麻烦;(使)烦恼 vt.打扰
佳句背诵　
I used to bother you to do many things for me,but you never got impatient with me.(感谢信)
我过去总是麻烦您为我做很多事情,但是您从来不会对我不耐烦。
Don’t be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.(建议信;2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)
不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事。
bother (sb) to do sth 麻烦(某人)做某事;费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth 用某事打扰某人
It bothers/bothered sb that.../to do... 使某人烦恼的是……
can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
be bothered about sth为……而担心/烦恼
以练促学　语段训练
No words are strong enough to express my heartfelt gratitude to you.Firstly,I was bothered about the coming English Speech Competition a few days ago and it was you who bothered to guide me to improve my pronunciation and speech skills.Besides,I always bothered you to help me solve difficult problems I was faced with.Whenever I bothered you with/about my matters,you always offered me wonderful proposals patiently and generously.(感谢信)
任何言语都不足以表达我对你的衷心感谢。首先,几天前我担心即将到来的英语演讲比赛,是你费心指导我提高我的发音和演讲技巧。此外,我总是麻烦你帮我解决我所面临的难题。每当我为我的事情打扰你时,你总是耐心而慷慨地为我提供很好的建议。
2.involve vt.参与(engage);包含(include);牵涉→involved adj.有关联的;参与的→involvement n.参与;投入
佳句背诵　
I am more than delighted to get involved in the upcoming “Chinese Workshop” activity,which
aims to promote cultural exchange between China and the UK.(活动介绍;2023·天津6月卷)
我非常高兴能参加即将举办的旨在促进中英文化交流的“中国工坊”活动。
involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人卷入(做)某事
be/get involved in/with　 参与;卷入
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Everyone who is interested can sign up for it and we are looking forward to your active involvement(involve).(通知)
②No one can deny the fact that Chinese traditional cultures involve calligraphy,Chinese knots,paper cutting and so on and thus,could you please tell me which ones attract foreigners most (传统文化;2021·全国甲卷)
毋庸置疑,中国传统文化包含书法、中国结、剪纸等等,因此,你可以告诉我哪些最吸引外国人吗
3.contented adj.满意的(satisfied);满足的→content vt.使满意 n.内容;目录 adj.满意的;满足的;愿意
佳句背诵　
It is widely acknowledged that happy people are those who are contented with their life.(演讲稿)
人们普遍认为,快乐的人是那些满足于自己生活的人。
[点津]　content和contented都是形容词,但是contented可以作定语和表语,而content常作表语。
content oneself with
满足于;使(某人)自己对……感到满足
be content/contented with
对……满足/满意
be content to do sth乐于做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①The founder and organiser of the union was content to pedal(pedal) to the destination.
②I was/feel contented/content with David’s determination to overcome his initial doubts and David contented himself with his own performance in the cross country run. A contented smile emerged on our faces.(情绪描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我对大卫克服最初疑虑的决心感到满意,大卫对自己在越野赛中的表现感到满意。我们脸上浮现出满意的微笑。
4.occur vi.(occurred,occurred,occurring)发生 (happen);出现(appear);(想法)产生→
occurrence n.出现;发生;发生的事情
佳句背诵　
Then an idea occurred to me. I pointed at my phone and asked him to give his phone number to me so that I could contact him when I came back here.(细节描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
然后我突然想到了一个主意。我指着我的手机,让他给我他的电话号码,这样我回来后可以联系他。
sth occurs/occurred to sb 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事
[联想]　表示“某人突然想起……”的句式还有:sth strike(s) sb, sb hit(s) on/upon sth。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Memories with the hummingbird occurred to me when I walked to the blackberry lined path. (心理+动作描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
②It occurred to me to help my family out of debt with my hard earned money,so I dropped my favorite toy and sprang towards my home.(动作链;2021·浙江6月卷)
我突然想到要用自己辛辛苦苦挣来的钱帮家里还清债务,于是我扔下最喜欢的玩具,朝家里飞奔而去。
③It/occurred to/hit/struck me that the horses we were riding might know the way home and I smiled through tears.(心理描写)
我突然想起我们骑的马有可能认识回家的路,我破涕为笑。
5.proposal n.建议(suggestion,advice,recommendation),提议;求婚→propose v.提议;建议;打算
佳句背诵　
As to presents, I have a proposal that you (should) choose some with New Zealand features, which is bound to win your friend’s affection.(建议信)
关于礼物,我有一个建议,你应该选择一些具有新西兰特色的,这一定会赢得你朋友的喜爱。
the proposal to do...　 做……的建议
propose to do/doing...　 打算/建议做……
propose that...(should) do...　 建议……做……
[点津]　在suggestion,proposal,advice等需要具体内容解释的名词后常用虚拟语气。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The official rejected the proposal to use (use) more disposable containers.
②He came up with a proposal that the students (should) study(study) basic knowledge hard to lay a firm foundation for further study.
③I propose that we students (should) be grouped/My proposal is that we students (should) be grouped/I propose us students’ being grouped based on our language levels,learning styles and personalities so that we can practise speaking English more efficiently.
我建议应该根据我们的语言水平、学习风格和个性对我们学生进行分组,这样我们就可以更有效地练习说英语。(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
片段巩固 用bother;involve;contented;occur;proposal完成心理描写片段
写作提示:哥哥非常喜欢和朋友踢足球→一次我想参加他们的足球赛→他们懒得和我一起玩→我突然想到我可以作他们的替补→他们同意了我的提议,使我很满足
　　My older brother is extremely fond of playing football with his friends. Once I wanted to involve myself in their football match. But they couldn’t be bothered to play with me,so a flush of disappointment swept over me. Suddenly, it occurred to me that I could be a replacement for them. Eventually,they agreed to my proposal, which made me contented.
6.determination n.决心;毅力(persistence)→determine v.决定;决心;确定→determined
adj.坚定的;坚决的
佳句背诵　
David determined on/upon taking part in the cross country run, his eyes twinkling with great determination. (心理描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫决定参加越野赛跑,他的眼里闪烁着极大的决心。
with determination 坚定地
determine to do... 决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
be determined to do... 决心做……(表示状态)
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①Looking at his determined face,I was touched by his courage.(心理描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看着他坚定的脸,我被他的勇气所感动。
②She is a determined girl. So we know that once she has determined to do something,she will make her dream come true with great determination.(人物介绍)
她是一个有决心的女孩。所以我们知道,一旦她决定做某事,她会以极大的决心使她的梦想成真。
7.majority n.大多数;多数;多数票(minority)→major adj.主要的;重要的 vi.主修 n.主修学生
佳句背诵　
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. However.the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.(演讲稿)
一些人生来就有公开演讲的天赋。然而,大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家,是因为他们受过训练。
in a/the majority　 占大多数
a/the majority of　 大多数……
major in　 主修……
[点津]　“the/a majority of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数与该名词的数一致。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①What made us wild with joy was that the majority of our work was(be) finished at 5 pm yesterday.
②It can be easily seen from the above chart that those who prefer listening to English songs are in the/a majority.(2022·全国乙卷)
从上面的图表可以很容易地看出,喜欢听英文歌曲的人占大多数。
③As a graduate majoring in English,I feel excited to apply for the position.(申请信)
作为一名英语专业的毕业生,我很高兴能申请这个职位。
8.work through调整(情绪)
佳句背诵　
It is hard for the mother to work through her sadness after her daughter got drowned.
在女儿溺水身亡后,母亲很难从悲伤中走出来。
break through　 突破
get through　 通过;完成;打通(电话)
go through　 经历;仔细检查
look through　 浏览
以练促学　用“动词+through”短语填空
①Scientists have broken through some technological barriers to make the batteries last longer.
②If you don’t know the meaning of an unfamiliar word,try to guess the meaning instead of looking through a dictionary at first.(建议信)
③Eager to tell him what I had gone through during the past few years,I tried phoning him but failed to get through.
9.cut back on削减,缩减
佳句背诵　
People should cut back on cigarettes, and eat a balanced diet.(观点态度)
人们应该减少吸烟,均衡饮食。
cut across　 穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut in　 插嘴
cut off　 中止;切掉;使隔绝
cut out...　 停止做(或使用、食用) ……;剪下
cut up　 切碎
cut down　 砍倒;削减;删节;缩小(尺寸、数量等)
以练促学　用cut短语填空
①The current advice for pregnant women is to cut out alcohol.
②I usually cut across the park on my way home and to school so that I can arrive at my destination early.
③She kept on cutting in during our conversation,which made us very annoyed.
④He cut up the meat on his plate impatiently to show his extreme anger.
⑤My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking,but at least he has cut down.
片段巩固 用determination;majority;work through;cut back on完成心理描写片段
写作提示:我参加了高考→成绩出来时,我很伤心→大多数同学都通过了高考,而我没有→克服了悲伤→决定再战一年并缩减玩耍时间→看到我的决心,父母脸上露出笑容
　　This year I took part in the College Entrance Examination. When the results were announced, a ripple of sadness welled up inside me. The majority of my classmates had passed the exam, but I failed. Finally I worked through my sadness and decided to study harder for another year by cutting back on my leisure time. When my parents saw my determination, smiles appeared on their faces.
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Well,it has one more bedroom than the last flat and the sitting room is big.
(2023·全国乙卷) n.公寓
②That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (2021·浙江6月卷)
vt.对……评价
③According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation,51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights,even though they have to get up early. n.基金会
④As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow AI”to Artificial General Intelligence.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) adj.当前的
⑤Clay is a plastic substance that is widely used in making handicrafts. adj.可塑的
2.选出desert的汉语意思
①While taking a 20 hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of wonderful encounter with a local that all travelers long for. (2024·浙江1月卷) A
②The poor cat was deserted by its cruel owner. C
③Somehow,her courage seemed to desert her for a moment. B
3.选出shoot的汉语意思
①He finally hit the target after he shot at it several times. C
②To make some of my landscape shots,I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10 minute time frame.
(2023·全国乙卷) B
③Summers in the mid 70s were spent at home shooting baskets,hitting a baseball,or throwing a football,preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team.
(2021·浙江6月卷) D
④Once we set foot on the park,we found the roses putting out new shoots. A
4.根据上下文写出balance的词性和词义
I often spend a lot of money protecting some rare animals to help keep the ①balance of nature. So when seeing my bank ②balance, I have to ③balance the advantages against the disadvantages before I give up my present job.
①n.平衡　②n.余额　③ vt.权衡
1.句型公式:if引导虚拟条件句
课本原句:Of course,it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.
当然,如果世界上只有几个人,那就无所谓了。
佳句背诵　
If I were a dustman,I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.(演讲稿)
如果我是一名环卫工人,我会让我们的城市更干净,街上没有任何垃圾。
本句为if引导的虚拟条件句,表示与现在事实相反的假设。
不同虚拟条件句中谓语动词的形式如下:
以练促学　单句写作
①If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town.
如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。
②If you hadn’t helped me in time,I could have got into great trouble.(感谢信)
如果你没有及时帮我,我可能已经陷入了巨大的麻烦。
③If it should/were to rain tomorrow,we would put off the sports meet until next weekend.
如果明天下雨的话,我们将把这次运动会推迟到下周末。(通知)
④If you should join the team tomorrow,the team would certainly win the game.
如果你明天加入球队,球队一定会赢得比赛。
2.句型公式:with复合结构
课本原句:In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的一举一动!
佳句背诵　
With my heart starting to beat and my mouth dry,I rose to my feet and headed for the stage. (心理+动作描写)
我的心开始咚咚跳,嘴里发干,我站起来,向舞台走去。
句中加黑部分为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”作状语。
“with+宾语+宾语补足语”即with复合结构,在句中多作状语,也可以作定语。常见的结构有:
with+
宾语+
以练促学　单句写作
①With the bird in my cupped hand,I looked around to see how she had gotten in. (动作描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
我托着那只鸟,环顾四周,想看看她是怎么进来的。
②With many problems to settle,I dashed to the hospital and found my sick teammate and I managed to finish the last tasks with his guidance.(动作描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
有很多问题需要解决,我冲到医院,找到了生病的伙伴,在他的指导下,我成功地完成了最后的任务。
③She rested her head on her husband’s shoulder,with a smile of happiness spreading across her face.(情绪+动作描写)
她把头靠在丈夫的肩膀上,脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。
维度一　核心知识运用
1.Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication(indicate), he may be right. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.This experience gave her a new sense of confidence in her abilities and laid a solid foundation(found) for her to face other challenges in the future. (2024·浙江1月卷)
3.As a special education teacher at the school,I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination (determine). (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
4.We all need to get involved(involve) in saving energy whether it’s at work, at home, or at school. (2021·天津3月卷)
5.The disappearance (disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative explanations are hard to find.
6.While restaurants throw away tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of locked garbage containers(contain), health regulations, or business policies.
7.The broad smile on his face suggested that he was contented with his career as a conductor of the band.
8.The majority of the audience are (be) opposed to advertisements inserted in TV plays.
9.It took the player quite a few minutes to work through the massive mental stress caused by a mistake.
10.Ecologists recommended that human beings should cut back on the emission of carbon dioxide before it was too late.
维度二　单句写作
1.Joe burst into tears and his legs trembled with his fingers cut. (with复合结构)
乔的手被割伤,他突然大哭,腿颤抖着。
2.If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus. (if引导虚拟条件句)
如果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。
3.Her parents made sacrifices so that she could have a good education.
为了让她受到良好的教育,她的父母做了很多牺牲。
4.How can it matter if I leave one little tap running, one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road (动词 ing形式作宾语补足语)
如果我让一个小水龙头开着,一盏小灯开着,或者在路上丢一小块垃圾,这又有什么关系呢
5.Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future for mankind (动词 ed形式作定语)
你想成为人类命运共同体的一员吗
维度三　单元知识拾遗
1.It was John who came up with the brilliant idea of making popcorn for you to sell.
是约翰想出了做爆米花来供你去出售的好主意。
2.Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生应该参与社区活动,在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。
3.Determined to organise the theme class meeting wonderfully,I am writing to ask you for advice on which Chinese traditional cultures attract foreigners most.
我决定很好地组织这次主题班会,所以我写信征求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。
4.To sum up,the majority of people can’t be bothered to recycle plastic products.
总之,大多数人都懒得回收塑料制品。
5.Life is like riding a bike.To keep your balance,you must keep moving. (演讲稿)
人生就像骑单车,只有不断前进才能保持平衡。
6.Many college students profit from taking a year or so off.
许多大学生能从一年左右的休学中获益。
7.In the early 1990s, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, for commercial purposes.
在20世纪90年代初期,万维网的开发很大程度上是出于商业目的。
8.We should take a positive attitude to failures in our life.
我们应该以积极的态度对待生活中的失败。
9.When winter arrives, many animals stop being active and disappear from sight.
冬季来临,许多动物不再活跃,从人们的视野中消失了。
10.In order to learn spoken English well,he often talks with American friends.
为了学好英语口语,他常常和美国朋友交谈。
Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(倡议书——建设绿色校园)
　　假定你是学生会主席李华,学校正在创建绿色和谐校园,邀请你以学生会的名义向全校师生写一封创建绿色和谐校园的倡议书。内容包括:
1.创建绿色和谐校园的意义;
2.创建绿色和谐校园的方式;
3.提出号召。
根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作
第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达
①为了创建一个绿色和谐的校园,我们学校正在开展一项运动来唤起学生的低碳生活意识。 (不定式短语作目的状语,carbon)
To create a green and harmonious campus,our school is launching a campaign to arouse students’ awareness of living a low carbon life.
②如果我们每个人都能为建设美丽的校园尽自己的一份力,我们就会梦想成真。(if引导虚拟条件句,do one’s part for,make sb’s dream come true)
If everyone of us could do our part for a beautiful campus, we would make our dream come true.
③我的建议是,我们应该对不同种类的垃圾进行分类,以减少污染。 (proposal,so that引导目的状语从句)
My proposal is that we should classify different kinds of garbage so that we can reduce pollution.
④我们应该减少使用一次性筷子和塑料包装。不要随地乱扔垃圾或随地吐痰。 (cut back on,disposable,plastic,packaging)
We should cut back on the use of disposable chopsticks and plastic packaging. Never litter anywhere or spit around.
⑤每个人都会产生影响。让我们从现在开始行动起来,创建一个更加美丽的校园! (make a difference, take action)
Everyone can make a difference. Let’s take action from now on to create a more beautiful campus!
第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)
　　To create a green and harmonious campus,our school is launching a campaign to arouse students’ awareness of living a low carbon life. If everyone of us could do our part for a beautiful campus, we would make our dream come true.
To begin with,my proposal is that we should classify different kinds of garbage so that we can reduce pollution.Furthermore,we should cut back on the use of disposable chopsticks and plastic packaging. Never litter anywhere or spit around.
Everyone can make a difference. Let’s take action from now on to create a more beautiful campus!
Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升
1.语料积累
单 词 anger n.　 愤怒,怒火 concerned adj. 担心的,焦急的 unsettled adj. 不安的 urge v. 敦促,催促,力劝 active adj. 好动的;积极主动的 anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑
词 块 gaze at　　 盯住;凝视 be reduced to tears 伤心落泪 contribute to 有助于,促成 melt away 融化;逐渐消失
美 句 1.The moment I set foot on my hometown ten years later,I gazed at the bare mountains and dirty rivers and froze there,overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of despair.十年后,当我踏上家乡的那一刻,我望着光秃秃的山和脏兮兮的河,在那里僵住了,感到一阵绝望。 2.Concerned/Worried about the destroyed environment,I was unsettled for the first few days,being on pins and needles. 由于担心被破坏的环境,我在最初的几天里心神不宁,感觉如坐针毡。 3.Full of hope, I believed my hometown would restore soon.我满怀希望,相信家乡很快就会恢复。
2.场景片段训练(看到环境被破坏时的心理活动:绝望→担心→坚定→充满希望)
The moment I set foot on my hometown ten years later,I gazed at the bare mountains and dirty rivers and froze there,①overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of despair(动词 ed形式作状语).Past beautiful scenery came back in floods.I ②was reduced to tears and bent my head in despair,thinking what had contributed to the terrible environment.③Concerned/Worried about the destroyed environment(形容词短语作状语),I was unsettled for the first few days,being on pins and needles.④Determined to change the situation(形容词短语作状语),I began delivering lectures to ⑤urge people to protect the environment.The public’s active responses melted away my feelings of anxiety and concern. ⑥Full of hope, I believed my hometown would restore soon.
十年后,当我踏上家乡的那一刻,我望着光秃秃的山和脏兮兮的河,在那里僵住了,感到一阵绝望。往日的美景如洪水般涌了回来。我流下了眼泪,绝望地低下了头,想着是什么造成了这种可怕的环境。由于担心被破坏的环境,我在最初的几天里心神不宁,感觉如坐针毡。我决定改变这种状况,开始发表演讲,以敦促人们保护环境。公众的积极反应消除了我的焦虑和担忧。我满怀希望,相信家乡很快就会恢复。
　　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored.Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,”said a BMF employee.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
真题再做
28.What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A.It guarantees the variety of food.
B.It requires day to day care.
C.It cuts the farm to table distance.
D.It relies on farmer’s markets.
29.What information does the convenient app offer
A.Real time weather changes.
B.Current condition of the plants.
C.Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D.Availability of pre seeded pods.
30.What can be concluded about BMF employees
A.They have a great passion for sports.
B.They are devoted to community service.
C.They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D.They have a strong environmental awareness.
31.What does the text mainly talk about
A.BMF’s major strengths.
B.BMF’s general management.
C.BMF’s global influence.
D.BMF’s technical standards.
答案　28.C　29.B　30.D　31.A
思维建模
文章大意题——析主题知文意
第一步 仔细阅读文章,理清文章结构
第二步 标出能概括文章大意的主题句或主体段、高频词及关键信息,并采用恰当的方法概括文章
第三步 分析选项,斟酌判断,选出最佳答案
以例示法
如31题,本题是文章大意题。文章首段介绍BMF公司缩短了食物到餐桌的运输过程,接着第二至四段介绍了BMF的创新设计系统及其优势,最后一段介绍了BMF员工在生活和工作中践行可持续发展。综上所述,文章从各个方面凸显了BMF的优势,故A项正确。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
1.produce / pr dju s/ n.农产品 2.shorten / t( )n/ v.缩短;减少 3.innovative / n ve t v/ adj.革新的 4.reliable /r la b( )l/ adj.可靠的,可信赖的 5.specifically /sp s f kli/ adv.明确地;具体地 6.remotely /r m tli/ adv.偏僻地,边远地;远程地 7.monitor / m n t (r)/ n.显示器,监控器;班长v.监测,监控 8.automate / t me t/ v.使自动化 9.pesticide / pest sa d/ n.杀虫剂 10.chemical / kem k( )l/ n.化学制品,化学物质adj.化学的,与化学有关的 1.innovative design创新设计 2.rely on new technology依靠新技术 3.in real time实时地 4.get the next growth cycle started开始下一个生长周期 5.zero emissions零排放 6.live out sustainability践行可持续发展
析 长 难 语 句 Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad. [句式分析]　本句是一个复合句,可简化为:having a system...means zero emissions...;having a system是动词 ing形式作主语;where引导定语从句,修饰先行词the same building。 [尝试翻译]　此外,在食用植物的同一建筑中安装一个系统意味着将植物从土壤(中被收获)到(被制成)沙拉运输的过程中实现零排放。
课时作业　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·南京、盐城高三二模)
Across the world,humans purchase around 1.3 billion single use plastic water bottles a day.Because only about 9% of plastic is recycled,the vast majority of those bottles wind up in landfills,the ocean,or elsewhere in nature.
When beach loving Madison noticed those plastic bottles during her family’s trips to California,the then 12 year old girl “just felt like this needed to be changed”,she told Smithsonian Magazine.
So as she began thinking about what to do for her school science fair back in 2021,the idea of a project centered on reducing plastic pollution quickly came to her mind:She would design an eatable water bottle called the Eco Hero.
“One of my biggest ambitions for my project was wanting to help the world,”the confident young inventor said in a video on the website.
To bring her idea to life,Madison built upon the already established method by experimenting with common food materials.She also took inspiration from previous versions of eatable water bottles,though she focused on making hers bigger and more durable.She found that the combination of water,lemon juice,natural gum,and Alginic acid (褐藻酸) resulted in a gel pouch that wouldn’t break,could hold up to 3/4 cup of water,and would last in the fridge for three weeks.
Though she’d like to improve the Eco Hero by making it able to hold more water,she believes her current version would work well as a replacement for the paper cups used by runners in races.All one needs to do is bite a hole in the water ball,drink the water,and then eat the pouch or throw it away to biodegrade.Madison hopes the Eco Hero inspires others to take better care of the planet.“It doesn’t necessarily have to be in a big way,”she told Smithsonian Magazine.“People can still make a difference in the world,even if it’s just in a small way.”
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁的女孩Madison为了解决塑料瓶污染的问题,发明了可食用的水瓶。
1.What inspired Madison’s design of an eatable water bottle
A.Her school’s task.
B.Her family’s urge.
C.Her love for nature.
D.Her trips to the beach.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段的描述可知,Madison和她的家人去加州旅行时她注意到那些塑料瓶未被循环利用,觉得这种状况需要改变。因此,在2021年准备学校的科学展览时,她很快就想到了设计一个名为“生态英雄”的可食用水瓶以减少塑料污染。由此可知,是去海滩的旅行激发了她的可食用水瓶的设计灵感,故选D项。]
2.What can we know about the Eco Hero
A.It is a copy of the previous versions.
B.It is made from unbreakable materials.
C.It is an improvement in size and durability.
D.It has a hole and should be disposed once used.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“though she focused on making hers...in the fridge for three weeks”可知,Madison专注于让自己的设计更大、更耐用,她设计了特殊材质的凝胶袋,提升了产品的容量、质量和保存时长。由此可知,“生态英雄”在容量和耐用性方面进行了改进,故选C项。]
3.Which of the following words can best describe Madison
A.Ambitious and creative.
B.Talented and determined.
C.Courageous and confident.
D.Cooperative and committed.
答案　A　[推理判断题。Madison设计了可食用水瓶,由此可知她富有创造力;由第四段可知,Madison的最大抱负之一就是想帮助世界;由最后一段可知,她认为人们可以改变这个世界,即使只是在一个小的方面。由此可推知,Madison既有创造力又有雄心大志,故选A项。]
4.What can be the best title for the text
A.A good beginning is half done.
B.Small people make big moves.
C.Where there is a will,there is a way.
D.God helps those who help themselves.
答案　B　[标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了当时才12岁的Madison设计了可食用水瓶以减少塑料污染的问题。她希望能激励人们更好地照顾地球,为世界做出贡献。故本文可用B项(小人物采取大行动)作最佳标题,故选B项。]
(2025·石家庄高三质量检测)
There’re plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets.But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh,consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home.The same goes for distribution centers and supermarkets.
Now,the food technology startup OneThird,located in the Netherlands,is looking to change that with an infrared (使用红外线的) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last.The startup is named OneThird because one third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质)every year.
The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food.“I looked at the challenges in the food supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce.One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life,founder and CEO of OneThird,Marco Snikkers said.
Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually (手动地).An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality.Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis.This means that a shipment of ripe tomatoes will not be sent long distances away.
OneThird’s scanner combines the technology of optical scanners,image modeling,and artificial intelligence to provide accurate shelf life predictions.
The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage.“Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith,a climate expert from the University of Maine.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了初创公司OneThird采用红外线扫描仪来解决因食物的保质期不确定而导致的食物浪费问题。
5.What problem does OneThird aim to solve
A.The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables.
B.Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers.
C.Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life.
D.Consumers’ difficulty judging the freshness of produce.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第二段可知,该公司正在寻求用一种红外线扫描仪来解决人们不知道保质期的问题;这家初创公司之所以被命名为OneThird,是因为每年有三分之一的食物因变质而被浪费。故可推测,OneThird的创立是为了解决因不清楚食物保质期而造成食物变质从而造成食物浪费的问题,故选C项。]
6.What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using the infrared scanner
A.The use of the device in another field.
B.Observation of the food supply chain.
C.Consumer demands for fresher produce.
D.Experts’ advice on food waste reduction.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The startup’s founders...if it was applicable for food.”可知,这家初创公司的创始人受到一家在医疗领域使用这种技术的英国公司的启发,并决定看看它是否适用于食品,故选A项。]
7.What can we learn about the manual quality inspections
A.They are time consuming and costly.
B.They are not performed at a regular time.
C.The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement.
D.The shipping time is not taken into consideration.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第四段内容尤其是“Then the food is sent to consumers...will remain usable.”可知,人工质量检验时,检查员检查水果和蔬菜,并记录大小和质量。然后将食物发送给消费者,而不考虑运输的时间或农产品的使用期,故选D项。]
8.What’s Jacob’s attitude to OneThird’s effort
A.Approving. B.Doubtful.
C.Tolerant. D.Dismissive.
答案　A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中Jacob的话“reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security”可知,Jacob认为,减少全球食物浪费可减少全球温室气体排放物并促进全球食物安全,所以可推知Jacob对于OneThird的努力持支持态度,故选A项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·梅州高三模拟)
I passed my test when I was 19,and I’ve been behind the wheel for most journeys since.After becoming a 　1　 eight years ago,I became more dependent on my car,thinking that it meant security for me and my child.I couldn’t 　2　 a world where I didn’t get around on four wheels,but that all 　3　 when I tried going car free.
Earlier this year,I 　4　 for a challenge posed by the climate charity to see what it would be like without my car for three weeks.I 　5　 an electric family bike.Straight away,I enjoyed having a break from driving,especially on the 　6　 run.What was once an unpredictable trip to my daughter’s school often stuck in traffic was now a 　7　 ride along the canal.And my daughter loved every moment of it,which gave me the 　8　 to know that we were doing the right thing.
Giving up my car didn’t come without its 　9　.I work in a grocery,and although there are 　10　 car parking space,there isn’t enough bike parking space to 　11　 my bike securely.On balance,the benefits outweighed the disadvantages.I felt myself getting 　12　 because I was getting exercise during my commute (通勤的路程).I saved a bit of money every week just like other participants in this 　13　.
I was surprised by how 　14　 it was to give up the car and get around on my bike.I 　15　 to think it was my duty as a parent to be a driver.Now it’s my duty to get on my bike whenever I can.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一位依赖汽车的人,经过一次挑战三周不开车的经历后,生活方式发生了改变。作者体会到了快乐,认为这样做利大于弊,并将继续进行下去。
1.A.driver B.shopkeeper
C.student D.parent
答案　D　[根据下文的“thinking that it meant security for me and my child”中的my child可知,作者八年前已经是一位家长了,故选D项。]
2.A.imagine B.enter
C.create D.explore
答案　A　[根据上文的“I became more dependent on my car,thinking that it meant security for me and my child.”可知,作者成为一位家长后,变得更加依赖汽车,认为这对他和孩子来说意味着安全。故本句指的是作者不能想象没有这四个轮子的汽车的世界,故选A项。]
3.A.happened B.worked
C.changed D.mattered
答案　C　[本句中的关键词是but,上文谈到作者非常依赖他的汽车,根据下文的“when I tried going car free”可知,当作者尝试无车出行的时候一切都改变了,故选C项。]
4.A.headed off B.signed up
C.calmed down D.checked up
答案　B　[根据下文作者没有用车出行可知,作者今年早些时候登记接受了气候慈善机构提出的挑战,看看没有车三周会是什么样子,故选B项。]
5.A.switched B.bought
C.transformed D.donated
答案　B　[上文谈到作者参加了一个三周不开车的挑战,故可推知本句指的是作者买了一辆电动家庭自行车,故选B项。]
6.A.school B.grocery
C.family D.office
答案　A　[根据下文的“an unpredictable trip to my daughter’s school”可知,此处表示作者尤其享受不开车接送女儿上下学的状态,故选A项。]
7.A.wild B.dangerous
C.fun D.busy
答案　C　[因为以前作者开车去女儿的学校经常堵车,现在骑车了,就能沿着运河骑行,作者应是觉得很有意思,故选fun。空后的“my daughter loved every moment of it”也是提示,故选C项。]
8.A.reason B.hope
C.lesson D.fuel
答案　D　[作者的女儿喜欢骑行的每一刻,这给作者动力,让作者知道他们在做正确的事情,故选fuel“刺激因素”,故选D项。]
9.A.shortcomings B.doubts
C.requirements D.rewards
答案　A　[根据下文的没有足够的自行车停车场来安全地停放自行车可知,放弃开车是有缺点的,故选A项。]
10.A.permanent B.sufficient
C.few D.free
答案　B　[根据下文的“there isn’t enough bike parking space”和空前的although可知,此处表示“虽然有足够的汽车停车位”,故选B项。]
11.A.clean B.ride
C.lock D.repair
答案　C　[根据常识可知,停自行车是要把车锁起来的,故选C项。]
12.A.smarter B.richer
C.luckier D.fitter
答案　D　[根据下文的“I was getting exercise during my commute(通勤的路程)”可知,在通勤期间作者锻炼了身体,故此处应是作者感到身体越来越健康,故选D项。]
13.A.stay B.research
C.trial D.conference
答案　C　[根据第二段中谈到的“a challenge posed by the climate charity...for three weeks”可知,作者报名了一个慈善机构发出的挑战,所以这里讲到了作者和其他参赛者一样,在这次挑战中省了油钱,故选C项。]
14.A.pleasant B.awkward
C.precious D.anxious
答案　A　[上文谈到了作者通过这次挑战不开车而骑自行车的经历后,既感到有趣又锻炼了身体,又节省了油钱,故可知作者认为这样做是令人愉悦的,故选A项。]
15.A.failed B.used
C.started D.continued
答案　B　[根据下文的Now可知,本句指的是过去的事情,指的是作者过去曾经认为作为父母,作者有责任成为一名司机。used to do“过去常做”,故选B项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·南京、盐城高三二模)
Incense (香) boasts a long history,1.　　　　　　 its roots in many cultures—ancient China,ancient Egypt,Babylon and beyond.People from all walks of life benefit from its countless qualities,whether they use it for pleasure 2.　　　　　　 as medicine.
Since the Tang and Song dynasties,burning incense,hanging paintings,making tea,and enjoying music have been known as the“four arts for the literati (文人学士)”.3. 　
(make) from seeds,leaves,and flowers,incense has been used as an enjoyable 4. 　
( pursue) for scholars.
Moreover,medical incense is an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine,which considers preventative healthcare as 5.　　　　　　 far superior form of treatment when illness strikes.
6.　　　　　　(basic),medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment,protecting people against infections.It is also believed 7.　　　　　　(possess)the ability to balance the flow of Qi,a vital energy force within the body.Once the medical elements within incense are breathed in,they soon find 8.　　　　　　(they) way into the bloodstream.From there they go directly to the organs 9.　　　　　　 treatment assistance is needed.The specific types of incense 10.　　　　　　(choose) based on the individual’s condition,aiming to restore balance and promote well being.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了香的历史、文化意义及其在医疗和日常生活中的用途,说明了香在预防性医疗和提升生活品质方面的作用。
1.with　[考查介词。空前为完整的句子,此处是with复合结构作状语。句意:香有着悠久的历史,它起源于许多文化——古代中国、古埃及、巴比伦和其他地方。故填with。]
2.or　[考查并列连词。空前的for pleasure和空后的as medicine为并列关系,且“whether...or...”为固定搭配,表示选择,故填or。]
3.Made　[考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是has been used,故此空应填非谓语动词。因make与句子的主语incense是逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用动词 ed形式,注意因位于句首,单词首字母要大写。句意:香是由种子、叶子和花朵制成,一直被学者们视为令人愉悦的追求。故填Made。]
4.pursuit　[考查词性转换。由空前的an enjoyable可知,此处应为名词。pursue是动词,其名词形式是pursuit,故填pursuit。]
5.a　[考查冠词。consider...as...是固定短语,意为“认为……是……”;空后的form为可数名词单数,此处表示泛指,且far的发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词,故填a。]
6.Basically　[考查词性转换。此处句子结构完整,故应用副词作状语,且位于句首,单词首字母要大写。故填Basically。]
7.to possess　[考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是is believed,此空应填非谓语动词。再根据固定表达sth/sb is believed to do可知,应填动词不定式,故填to possess。]
8.their　[考查代词。way是名词,其前应用形容词性物主代词修饰,故填their。]
9.where　[考查定语从句。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,该空引导定语从句,修饰先行词organs,且该空在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词,故填where。]
10.are chosen　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据两处非谓语动词“based on”和“aiming to”可知,此处应填谓语动词。此处是描述一般情况,故用一般现在时;因主语是The specific types of incense,与choose是被动关系,故应用被动语态;主语是复数,故填are chosen。]
单 词 聚 焦 1.landfill / l ndf l/ n.废物填埋地(或场)　2.eatable / i t bl/ adj.可吃的 3.ambition / m b n/ n.野心;雄心;志向;抱负 4.previous / pri vi s/ adj.先前的;以往的 5.version / v n/ n.版本;描述,说法;变体;变种 6.durable / dj r bl/ adj.持久的;耐用的 7.replacement /r ple sm nt/ n.代替;更换 8.biodegrade / ba d ɡre d/ v.生物降解 9.juicy / d u si/ adj.多汁的;汁液丰富的 10.distribution / d str bju n/ n.分配;分布 11.accurately / kj r tli/ adv.精确地,准确地 12.applicable / pl k bl/ adj.适用的 13.inspection / n spek n/ n.视察;检查;审视 14.enormous / n m s/ adj.巨大的;庞大的;极大的 15.security /s kj r ti/ n.保护措施;安全工作;安全 16.pose /p z/ v.造成,引起(威胁、危险、问题等);提出(问题);(为照相、画像等)摆好姿势n.(为拍照、画像等摆的)姿势 17.unpredictable / npr d kt bl/ adj.无法预测的,不定的 18.outweigh / a t we / vt.超过;比(某人)重 19.preventative /pr vent t v/ adj.预防性的;防止的 20.restore /r st (r)/ v.恢复;使复原;使复位
词 块 积 累 1.wind up以……告终;停止(活动)　　　　2.science fair科学展览 3.bring one’s idea to life把某人的想法变成现实 4.result in导致 5.go for适用于 6.quality inspection质量检查 7.on a timely basis及时地 8.shelf life prediction保质期预测 9.promote global food security促进全球粮食安全 10.on balance总的来说
长 难 句 式 1.Now,the food technology startup OneThird,located in the Netherlands,is looking to change that with an infrared scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. [分析]　本句是一个复合句,可简化为:the food technology startup OneThird...is looking to change that...。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词infrared scanner;how long引导宾语从句。 [译文]　现在,位于荷兰的食品科技初创公司OneThird正在寻求通过红外线扫描仪来改变那种状况,该扫描仪可以准确预测新鲜水果和蔬菜的保质期。 2.The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food. [分析]　本句是一个复合句,可简化为:The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company...and decided to see if it was applicable for food。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词company;if引导宾语从句。 [译文]　这家初创公司的创始人受到一家在医疗领域使用这种技术的英国公司的启发,并决定看看它是否适用于食品。

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