资源简介

必修第二册　UNIT 2　Be sporty, be healthy
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.immune adj.　 有免疫力;不受影响的;免除的
2.imitate vt. 模仿;仿效
3.philosophy n. 哲学
4.routine n. 常规,惯例
adj. 常规的,例行的;乏味的
5.stretch vt.& vi. 伸展,舒展;拉长;伸出; (使)延伸
6.protein n. 蛋白质
7.tissue n. (人、动植物细胞的)组织;(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾,手巾纸
8.lung n. 肺
9.diagram n. 简图,图解,图表,示意图
10.muscle n. 肌肉,肌
11.root vt.& vi (使)生根
n. 根,根茎;根源,起因
12.plus conj. 而且,此外
prep. 加;和
adj. (用于数字后面表示)多,余
n. 加号;优势,长处
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.throughout history 纵观历史
2.reduce the risk of diseases 降低患病风险
3.a wide range of hobbies 范围广泛的爱好
4.sweat throughout the body 汗流浃背
5.replace plastic bags with paper bags
用纸袋代替塑料袋
6.an outstanding athlete 一位杰出的运动员
7.the world champion 世界冠军
8.maintain healthy relationships 维持良好的人际关系
9.above/below average 高于/低于平均水平
10.the same position 相同的处境
11.master new skills 掌握新的技能
12.tennis court 网球场
13.update information 更新信息
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.congratulation n. 祝贺,恭喜;贺辞;恭贺
congratulate vt. 祝贺
2.assume vt. 假定,认为;承担(责任),就(职);呈现,显露
assuming conj. 假设……为真;假如
assumption n. 假设;假定;担任
3.tend vi. 往往会;趋向
vt. 照看
tendency n. 趋向;倾向
4.energy n. 能,能量;精力;能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的
5.injury n. 伤害,损伤
injure vt. 伤害,使受伤
injured adj. 受伤的
6.prevent vt. 阻止,阻碍
prevention n. 预防;防止
7.equipment n. 设备;配备,装备
equip vt.& vi. 配备;装备;使有所准备;使有能力
8.lack vi.& vt. 缺乏,没有,不足,短缺
n. 缺乏,匮乏,短缺
lacking adj. 没有;缺乏;不足
9.announce vt. 宣布,宣告;通知
announcement n. 通告;宣告
announcer n. 播音员;广播员
10.hesitate vi. 犹豫,迟疑,踌躇
hesitation n. 犹豫,踌躇,迟疑
hesitant adj. 犹豫的,踌躇的
11.admit vt.& vi. 承认;招认;准许进入;准许加入;接纳;容纳
admission n. 承认;入场费;准许加入
12.inspire vt. 激励,鼓舞;启发思考;使产生(感觉或情感)
inspired adj. 受……影响的;借助于灵感创作的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
inspiration n. 启发灵感的人(或事物);灵感
13.explore vt.& vi. 探究,探索;勘探,勘察
exploration n. 探究,探索;勘探,勘查
explorer n. 勘探者;探险家
14.satisfaction n. 满意;满足,达到
satisfy vt. 使满足;使满意
satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的
satisfied adj. 满意的
15.exist vi. 存在;生活,生存
existence n. 生活;存在
existing adj. 现存的;现行的
16.breathe vt.& vi. 呼吸;呼出
breath n. 呼吸
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
17.unity n. 统一体,联合体,整体;团结一致,联合,统一
unite v. (使)团结;(使)联合
united adj. 统一的;团结的
18.reduce vt. 减少,缩小
reduction n. 减少;降低;缩小
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.do wonders　　　 创造奇迹,产生神奇作用
2.get over 克服
3.play a role in 在……中发挥作用;扮演角色
4.keep up 保持,维持
5.have an effect on 对……有影响
6.be rooted in 起源于
7.prevent...from... 阻止……
8.stick with 持续,坚持
9.make up for 弥补,补偿
10.put the finishing touches to 对……进行最后的润色或修饰
11.no wonder 不足为奇,并不奇怪
12.under the weather 略有不适,不舒服
13.in response to 对……作出反应;作为对……的回复
14.over the long term 长期
15.to start with 首先,作为开始
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(it作形式主语)
事实也证明,定期运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统,患病的风险较低。
2.When you plan an exercise routine,the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve:heart and lung efficiency,muscle strength or flexibility.(the+序数词+n.+to do sth)
制订锻炼计划时,首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善:心肺功能,肌肉力量还是柔韧性。
3.Just as importantly,practising tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it.(副词短语作状语;动名词短语作主语)
同样重要的是,练习太极拳激励了我去探索它背后的中国文化。
4.Zhang Sanfeng,a 13th-century Taoist,was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.(主语+be+过去分词+to do sth)
张三丰是13世纪的一位道士,据说是他从蛇与鸟的搏斗中获得灵感后发明了太极拳。
5.After learning the basics of tai chi in those first few classes,I found myself bored and aching from doing the same moves over and over again.(find+宾语+宾语补足语)
学完前几节太极拳基础课之后,我发现一遍又一遍地重复这些招式让我心生厌倦,而且肌肉酸痛。
6.Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind,enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations.(现在分词短语作结果状语)
太极拳教会了我放松大脑,让我能够在紧张的情况下保持冷静。
词汇横拓串记
“v.+y”构成的名词集锦 常见运动项目一览 “阻止/禁止某人做某事”多种表达
①injure→injury伤害,损伤 ②discover→discovery发现 ③recover→recovery恢复;痊愈 ④deliver→delivery递送 ⑤sympathize→sympathy同情 ①tai chi n.太极拳,太极 ②skydiving n.跳伞运动 ③jogging n.慢跑锻炼 ④skiing n.滑雪(运动) ⑤boxing n.拳击运动 ⑥gymnastics n.体操(训练) ①prevent sb from doing sth ②stop sb from doing sth ③keep sb from doing sth ④prohibit sb from doing sth ⑤ban sb from doing sth ⑥forbid sb from doing sth
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.immune system　　　　 免疫系统
2.plan an exercise routine 制订锻炼计划
3.stretch your muscles 伸展你的肌肉
4.eat foods rich in protein 吃富含蛋白质的食物
5.prevent soft tissue injury 防止软组织损伤
6.deep spreading roots 扎得很深的根
7.imitate humans’ action 模仿人类的动作
8.a professor of philosophy 哲学教授
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.disease n.病,疾病
2.maintain vt. 维持;维修,保养
3.update vt. 使现代化,更新;向……提供最新信息
n. 最新消息
4.athlete n. 运动员
5.throughout prep. 自始至终;各处,遍及
6.master n. 大师,能手;主人
vt. 精通,掌握;控制
7.average n. 平均水平,一般水准
adj. 平均的;典型的
8.court n. 球场;法院,法庭;宫廷
9.range n. (变动或浮动的)范围,界限,区间;一系列
10.sweat n. 汗水
vt.& vi. 出汗,流汗
11.position n. 处境;位置;姿势;观点;地位
12.replace vt. 用……替换;代替,取代;更换,更新
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.tend vi. 往往会;趋向
vt. 照看
tendency n. 趋向;倾向
2.exist vi. 存在;生活,生存
existence n. 生活;存在
existing adj. 现存的;现行的
3.prevent vt. 阻止,阻碍
prevention n. 预防;防止
4.energy n. 能,能量;精力;能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的
5.injure vt. 伤害,使受伤
injury n. 伤害,损伤
injured adj. 受伤的
6.explore vt.& vi. 探究,探索;勘探,勘察
exploration n. 探究,探索;勘探,勘查
explorer n. 勘探者;探险家
7.equip vt.& vi. 配备;装备;使有所准备;使有能力
equipment n. 设备;配备,装备
8.assume vt. 假定,认为;承担(责任),就(职);呈现,显露
assuming conj. 假设……为真;假如
assumption n. 假设;假定;担任
9.announce vt. 宣布,宣告;通知
announcement n. 通告;宣告
announcer n. 播音员;广播员
10.hesitate vi. 犹豫,迟疑,踌躇
hesitation n. 犹豫,踌躇,迟疑
hesitant adj. 犹豫的,踌躇的
11.admit vt.& vi. 承认;招认;准许进入;准许加入;接纳;容纳
admission n. 承认;入场费;准许加入
12.inspire vt. 激励,鼓舞;启发思考;使产生(感觉或情感)
inspired adj. 受……影响的;借助于灵感创作的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
inspiration n. 启发灵感的人(或事物);灵感
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.to start with　　 首先,作为开始
2.get over 克服
3.play a role in 在……中发挥作用;扮演角色
4.keep up 保持,维持
5.have an effect on 对……有影响
6.over the long term 长期
7.stick with 持续,坚持
8.make up for 弥补,补偿
9.in response to 对……作出反应; 作为对……的回复
10.no wonder 不足为奇,并不奇怪
11.be rooted in 起源于
12.prevent...from... 阻止……
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:it作形式主语
It is admitted that not only is it a famous tourist attraction but it is also China’s largest nature reserve.
它不仅是人们公认的著名旅游景点,而且是中国最大的自然保护区。
2.句型公式:the+序数词+n.+to do...
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女性。
3.句型公式:主语+be+过去分词+to have done
The scholar,who is said to have graduated from Cambridge University,will give us a lecture about English poetry.
这位据说毕业于剑桥大学的学者将给我们做一个关于英语诗歌的讲座。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.The price of the house is so high that it is well beyond range.
2.He had to pause occasionally to wipe the sweat from his forehead because the air-conditioning system broke down.
3.With convenient traffic network,you can travel to anywhere throughout the country.
4.It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them,but they can never replace your own culture.
5.The two countries have always maintained close relations.
6.It is important for us to master some basic living skills to prepare for our future life.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)
2.He admitted that it was not easy to gain admission to the Buckingham Palace.(admit)
3.Listening to his inspiring speech,we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration.(inspire)
4.If you are hesitant about performing a task,don’t hesitate to ask your adviser for advice,and he will help you without hesitation.(hesitate)
5.The soldier got injured in the battle and suffered a serious injury in the left ankle.(injure)
6.To keep energetic,he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise.That’s why he is always full of energy.(energy)
Ⅲ.短语填空
(
get over
　　
make up for
　
in response to
no wonder
stick with
　
play a role in
)
1.His enthusiasm would properly make up for his lack of experience.
2.I am writing to give you a brief introduction to tai chi in response to your request.
3.If you’re in a job that keeps you busy,stick with it.
4.Looking back on my past few years,friends gave me so much help that I could get over difficulties which I had to face.
5.Not only do the oceans provide us with abundant resources,but they also play a role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.
6.No wonder you couldn’t get through.You’ve left out a zero in this phone number.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Almost all of us assume that regular exercise does 1.wonders (wonder) for us.Now,let’s look at the benefits in detail.Firstly,2.doing(do) exercise can make our heart and lungs stronger over 3.the long term.Studies also show that working out can help us reduce stress and get over negative thoughts.In a word,exercise is good for our body and mind.
There’re different kinds of activities.Aerobic activities,like jogging and skiing,can develop heart and lungs.Strength training,such as pull-ups and weightlifting,4.increases(increase) muscle strength and encourages bone development.Flexibility training,5.including (include) gymnastics and tai chi,helps stretch your muscles 6.and improve your body’s range of movement.Tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang 7.which cannot exist independent of each other.
Do choose your favourite activities and stick with it.When exercising,you must wear proper clothes and equipment 8.to avoid(avoid) injuries.Remember to drink to make up 9.for water lost to sweat.Gradually,you will find,to your 10.satisfaction(satisfy),that you have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.
1.assume vt.假定,认为;承担(责任),就(职);呈现,显露→assuming conj.假设……为真;假如→
assumption n.假设;假定;担任→assumed adj.假定的,假设的
佳句背诵　
People assume that drinking tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.
人们认为喝茶不仅可以提神,而且可以增强我们的记忆力。
assume that...假定……
it is (generally) assumed that...(普遍)认为……
assume sb to do sth认为/假设/猜想某人做某事
make an assumption 做出假设
on the assumption that...假定……
assuming that... 假定……(引导条件状语从句)
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①It would have been easy to rely on my assumptions (assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.(2024·浙江1月卷)
②On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union,I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.(发言稿)
假如我被选为学生会主席,我会组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。
教考衔接　 单句写作
③It is assumed that what people do has little effect on the environment,but every effort counts.(海洋保护,2022·全国甲卷)
大家普遍认为人们所做的事情对环境的影响很小,但每一点努力都很重要。
2.injury n.损伤,伤害→injure vt.使受伤,伤害 →injured adj.受伤的
佳句背诵　
Out of shape after recovering from her injury, she was determined to rebuild her strength.
伤愈后身材走样,她决心重塑体力。
　　　　　　
do sb an injury/do an injury to sb
伤害某人
get/be injured 受伤
the injured 受伤的人;伤员
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The injured were sent to the hospital nearby by the rescue team to treat their injuries.(injure)
②I am sorry to hear that you got injured when playing basketball last week.I hope everything is going well with you.
听说上周你打篮球时受伤了,我很难过。我希望你早日康复。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured (injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.Yet, I was determined to go ahead.(北京卷)
3.announce vt.宣布,宣告;通知(announcement n.通告;宣告 announcer n.播音员;广播员)
佳句背诵　
Attention, please! It is announced that the World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held from July 7 to 15 in Tianjin.(通知)
请注意!据宣布,世界青少年机器人大赛将于7月7日至15日在天津举行。
it is/was announced that... 据宣布……
announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
make an announcement 发布宣告或通知
以练促学　单句语法填空
①Our school English broadcast station is looking for an announcer (announce) who is capable of speaking fluent and authentic English.
②The headmaster of the boarding school announced to the students the list of students who got a scholarship.
教考衔接　单句写作
③In her first P.E.class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.(2024· 浙江1月卷)
在Eva的第一堂体育课上,当Pitt教练宣布每个人都必须绕着外面的跑道跑一英里时,Eva惊呆了。
4.hesitate vi.犹豫,踌躇,迟疑→hesitation n.犹豫,踌躇,迟疑→hesitant adj.犹豫的,踌躇的
佳句背诵　
If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind,don’t hesitate to join the debate team.(通知)
如果你对英语充满热情并且有一个敏锐的头脑,别犹豫了,来加入辩论队吧。
hesitate to do sth迟疑做某事;不愿做某事
not hesitate to do sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
hesitate about/over... 对……犹豫不决
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I hesitate to ask for help because I don’t want to bother anyone.
②Instantly I learn that you hesitate about/over choosing which optional course, I have no hesitation in writing/don’t hesitate to write to offer you some suggestions.(建议信)
当我得知你对选择哪门选修课犹豫不决时,我毫不犹豫地写信给你一些建议。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Please do not hesitate to ask me if you have any questions or require more information.(告知信,2022·浙江1月卷)
如果您有任何问题或需要更多的信息,请不要犹豫,尽管问我。
5.tend vi.往往会;趋向 vt.照看;照管 →tendency n.倾向;趋向
佳句背诵　
Some people will tend to overestimate,and some to underestimate.
有些人会高估,而有些人会低估。
tend to do sth常常会做某事;倾向于做某事
tend (to) sb/sth照顾某人/某物;护理某人/某物
have a tendency to do sth倾向于做某事
以练促学　单句写作/同义句转换
①Undoubtedly,opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready.(主旨升华)
毋庸置疑,机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。
②As a Senior 1 student,it is normal for you to tend to get anxious with time going by.
→As a Senior 1 student,it is normal that you have a tendency to get anxious as time goes by.(tendency)
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency (tend) to multitask while consuming digital content.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
片段巩固 用assume;injury; announce;tend完成片段
写作提示:生活并非一帆风顺→意外时常会造成受伤→当坏消息被宣布时应该积极勇敢面对
　　We should not assume that life is always smooth. Accidents can sometimes cause injuries. When bad news is announced, we should tend to face it bravely and positively.
6.average n.平均水平,一般水准;平均数 adj.平均的;典型的;普通的(ordinary)
佳句背诵　
The average number of electronic devices has risen sharply in recent years,making it possible for us to study online.(发言稿,2021·全国乙卷)
近年来,电子设备的平均数量急剧上升,使我们在线学习变得可能。
above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均水平
on average 平均;一般地
the average of... ……的平均数
以练促学　单句写作
①The person I respect most is my Chinese teacher who is of average height and wears a pair of glasses.(人物介绍)
我最尊敬的人是我的语文老师,他中等身高,戴着一副眼镜。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
②His academic performance is well above average,but he is still modest and helpful.(人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
③Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
7.satisfaction n.满足,达到;满意;欣慰 →satisfy vt.使满意;使满足 satisfied adj.满意的 →
satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的
佳句背诵　
Finally, my hard work paid off—we were awarded an A, which gave me great satisfaction.(2022·浙江1月卷)
最后,我的努力得到了回报——我们获得了A,这让我很满意。
with satisfaction 满意地
to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是
satisfy one’s needs/demands 满足某人的需要
be satisfied with sth/sb 对某事/某人感到满意
be satisfied to do sth 对做某事感到满意
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①You should feel satisfied(satisfy) at the end of a meal, but not too full.(2024·全国甲卷)
②If you are not satisfied with our arrangements,please inform us in time so that we can satisfy your needs/demands.(日程安排)
如果您对我们的安排不满意,请及时通知我们以便我们能够满足您的需要。
教考衔接　 语段训练
③With the help of my teacher,I finally succeeded in writing a satisfying/satisfactory article.My teacher nodded her head,smiling with satisfaction.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
在老师的帮助下,我终于成功地写出了一篇令人满意的文章。我的老师点点头,满意地笑了。
8.in response to对……作出反应;作为对……的回复
佳句背诵　
In response to your last letter,I make sure that I will assist you with/in your oral English.(回复求助信)
作为对你上一封信的回复,我保证会在英语口语方面帮助你。
make a/no response to 对……作出回应/不予回答
respond to 对……作出回应或反应;答复
[点拨]　“作出反应”的其他表达:react to 对……作出反应;回应 reply to 回应……
以练促学　单句写作
①“I will never do that again,” he responded to me with tears of regret in his eyes.
他眼里含着悔恨的泪水回答我说:“我再也不会这样做了。”(语言+神态描写)
②She made no response to the schoolmaster,which made me boil with anger.
她没有回应校长,这使我非常生气。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels (分贝) of background noise.(2021·全国Ⅱ卷)
9.make up for 弥补,补偿
佳句背诵　
She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former mistakes.
她真诚地希望弥补她从前犯的错误。
以练促学　单句写作
①Only a small percentage of students learn by looking through websites,which makes up 12%.(短文投稿,2022·全国乙卷)
只有一小部分学生通过浏览网站来学习,占12%。
make up作出补偿;构成,组成;编造;化妆
make up one’s mind to do sth打定主意/下定决心做某事
make a difference 起作用,有影响
make sense 有意义
make out 理解;辨认
make use of 利用
make one’s way to... 前往,到……去
②We made an attempt to make out the way back home in the darkness,but in vain.(浙江卷)
我们试图在黑暗中认出回家的路,但是白费力气。
教考衔接　 单句写作
③The story may be summed up in one sentence: Hard work can make up for a lack of ability.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这个故事可以用一句话来概括:勤奋可以弥补能力的不足(勤能补拙)。
10.do wonders 创造奇迹,产生神奇作用
佳句背诵　
Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind.
大多数人认为定期锻炼对身心有奇效。
I wonder if/whether...　 我想知道能否……
No wonder (that).../It’s no wonder (that)...难怪……;……不足为奇
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I wonder if/whether parents should always tell the truth no matter the consequences.
②She is warm-hearted,so (it is) no wonder (that) she always helps those who are in trouble.
她是一个热心肠的人,因此她总是帮助那些处于困境中的人们就不足为奇了。
教考衔接　单句写作
③I am wondering whether it is convenient for you to take part in the programme.(邀请信,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我想知道您是否方便参加这个节目。
片段巩固 用average;satisfaction;in response to;make up for;do wonders完成片段
写作提示:考试成绩低于平均水平→为了应对这种情况,决定更努力学习来弥补失去的时间→努力产生了奇迹→成绩开始逐渐提高→重新找回自信→对自己有一种满足感
　　One day, I was really frustrated because my test scores were below average. In response to this situation, I decided to study harder to make up for the lost time. Surprisingly, my efforts did wonders. My grades started to improve gradually, and I finally regained my confidence. I felt a deep sense of satisfaction with myself.
1.句型公式:主语+be+过去分词+to do sth
课本原句:Zhang Sanfeng,a 13th-century Taoist,was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.
张三丰是13世纪的一位道士,据说是他从蛇与鸟的搏斗中获得灵感后发明了太极拳。
佳句背诵　
The English short film is believed to be not only meaningful but also interesting.(全国Ⅱ卷)
相信这部英文短片不仅有意义,而且很有趣。
本句中“主语+be said to do”意为“据说……”,其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。该结构相当于“It is said that...”。
sb+be+
过去分词+
Sb is said/thought/believed/supposed/...to do sth
→It is said/thought/believed/supposed/...that...据说/大家认为/人们相信/据推测……
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①This book is reported to have been translated into many different languages.
据报道,这本书已被翻译成了多种不同的语言。
②据说500多名学生参加了上周举行的5公里越野赛。
→It is said that more than 500 students participated in the five-kilometer cross-country running race held last week.
→More than 500 students are said to have participated in the five-kilometer cross-country running race held last week.
教考衔接　 同义句转换
③It was thought that the video filmed by my mom was amusing,making me widely known in the town.(2021·浙江1月卷)
→The video filmed by my mom was thought to be amusing,making me widely known in the town.
2.句型公式:the+序数词+n.+to do sth
课本原句:When you plan an exercise routine,the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve:heart and lung efficiency,muscle strength or flexibility.制订锻炼计划时,首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善:心肺功能,肌肉力量还是柔韧性。
佳句背诵　
When it comes to the person I admire most in history,the first person to come to my mind is Confucius.(短文投稿,2023·全国乙卷)
说到历史上我最崇拜的人,我第一个想到的人是孔子。
句中不定式to consider作定语,修饰the first thing,与the first thing之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the next、the only、the last等时,常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词,常见的有:ability、reason、chance、opportunity、courage、ambition、offer、anxiety、answer、attempt等。
(3)不定代词something、nothing、anything、anyone、nobody等后常用不定式作定语。
以练促学　单句写作
①China has become the first country to land a probe on the far side of the moon.
中国已成为首个将探测器在月球背面着陆的国家。
②We seized the golden chance to climb the ladder,through which we got into the helicopter.(浙江7月卷)
我们抓住了登上梯子的黄金时机,通过梯子上了直升机。
③There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to contact you failed.　在那个偏远的村庄没有信号,我为联系你们做的所有努力都失败了。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
④Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive (receive) a medical degree.(2023·全国乙卷)
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.She replaced the books after reading and fell asleep.vt.放回
2.Last October,while tending her garden,she pulled out a handful of small carrots.vt.照管
3.We are really concerned and anxious to learn about your updates.(浙江7月卷)n.最新消息
4.Developed countries should assume the responsibility of helping undeveloped countries.vt.承担
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.admit vt.& vi.承认;招认;准许进入;准许加入;接纳;容纳
At first, she hesitated to admit①her mistake, but with a deep breath, she finally made it.Meanwhile, the prestigious university, which can admit②over 1,600 students, admitted③her with open arms, recognizing her potential beyond her past.She was delighted to be admitted④to the college.
①承认　②容纳　③接纳　④准许加入
2.average adj.平均的;典型的;普通的 n.平均水平,一般水准;平均数 v.平均为;计算出……的平均数
John,an average① student, never stood out in class.Yet, his dedication to studies propelled him to surpass the average② level.When grades were averaged③, his perseverance shone, proving that average④ can evolve into extraordinary.
①adj.普通的　②adj.平均的　③v.计算出……的平均数　④n.平均水平
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence (exist).(2022·浙江1月卷)
2.A lot of people make the assumption (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.
3.The national park has a large collection of wildlife,ranging (range) from butterflies to elephants.
4.It was announced (announce) that the boxing athlete was innocent of the crime.
5.Inspired (inspire) by my headteacher,I am determined to stick to my dream until I achieve it.
6.I was ill for some days and I’m determined to make up for the lost time.
7.Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each;gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.(2021·全国乙卷)
8.Not only should I equip myself with abundant knowledge but also inspire more people to join us in helping those in need.
9.Receiving a letter doesn’t mean you need to make a response (respond) to it.
10.The ability to express (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
维度三　完成句子
1.The next thing to do is to enter the password.
下一件要做的事情是输入密码。
2.More than 1,000 athletes are said to/It is said that more than 1,000 athletes have participated in the sports meeting held last week.
据说有1 000多名运动员参加了上周举行的运动会。
3.During his lifetime,he wrote a great number of extraordinary poems,all of which have a great effect on Chinese culture.
在他的一生中,他写了大量非凡的诗歌,这些诗歌对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。
4.It goes without saying that oceans play a critical role in the world.
毋庸置疑海洋在世界上发挥着至关重要的作用。
5.Only if we can stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.
只有坚持我们的梦想,我们才能够克服各种挑战。
6.We should prevent people from cutting down trees arbitrarily.
我们应该防止人们随意砍伐树木。
Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(建议信——锻炼身体)
假定你是李华,你的笔友林涛来信说,因学习忙、锻炼少,他最近经常生病,这也影响了他的学习。请你给他写一封英文回信,内容包括:
1.锻炼的重要性;
2.提出锻炼建议。
第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达
①得知你这几天身体不舒服,我写信是为了表达我对你的关心,并给你一些建议。(under the weather,分词短语作状语)
Knowing that you have been under the weather for days,I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice.
②锻炼不仅可以改善你的免疫系统,还可以让你每天充满活力。(immune,energy,动名词短语作主语)
Working out can not only improve your immune system but also make you full of energy everyday.
③只有在你健康状况良好的时候,你才能继续学习,提高学习效率。(状语从句的省略)
Only when in good health can you carry on studying and increase your study efficiency.
④我建议你每天至少做一个小时的锻炼,并制定一个详细的锻炼时间表,这可以帮助你坚持锻炼的习惯。(stick with,routine,非限制性定语从句)
I suggest that you take at least one hour’s exercise every day,and make a detailed schedule for your exercise,which can help you stick with an exercise routine.
⑤加入一个你学校的体育俱乐部可能是个好主意,因为俱乐部的伙伴可以激励你定期锻炼。(inspire,it作形式主语)
It might be a good idea to join a sports club in your school,for the partners in the club can inspire you to work out regularly.
⑥我真希望我的建议能对你有所帮助。如果你有任何问题,请随时联系我。(hesitate)
I do hope you will find my advice helpful.If you have any question,don’t hesitate to contact me.
第二步　恰当适渡　完美成文
Dear Lin Tao,
Knowing that you have been under the weather for days,I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice.
To begin with,working out can not only improve your immune system but also make you full of energy everyday.Only when in good health can you carry on studying and increase your study efficiency.What’s more/Moreover,I suggest that you take at least one hour’s exercise every day,and make a detailed schedule for your exercise,which can help you stick with an exercise routine.Last but not least,it might be a good idea to join a sports club in your school,for the partners in the club can inspire you to work out regularly.
I do hope you will find my advice helpful.If you have any question,don’t hesitate to contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
1.语料积累
单 词 ambitious adj.有雄心的 courageous adj. 勇敢的 determined adj. 决心的 persistent adj. 坚持不懈的 optimistic adj. 乐观的 steadily adv. 稳步地 consistently adv. 一贯地 passionately adv. 热情地 optimistically adv. 乐观地 effectively adv. 有效地 patiently adv. 耐心地 determination n. 决心 strength n. 力量 courage n. 勇气 ambition n. 雄心 commitment n. 承诺 passion n. 热情 motivation n. 动机 teamwork n. 团队合作 commit v. 承诺 motivate v. 激励 inspire v. 激励
词 块 during a track and field event在一次田径比赛中 offer one’s helping hand to 向……伸出了某人 的援手 struggle with an injury 因伤势挣扎 the ambitious nature 雄心勃勃的性格 the importance of sportsmanship 体育精神的重要性 with the crowd cheering 观众欢呼 accept challenges 接受挑战 show true courage 展现真正的勇气 display teamwork 展示团队合作 achieve excellence 取得卓越 inspire others 激励他人 face adversity 面对逆境
靓 句 1.The team’s cooperation was a beautiful example of sportsmanship. 团队合作是体育精神的美好典范。 2.In the heat of the race,a helping hand becomes a symbol of unity. 比赛激烈之时,援手成为团结的象征。 3.Champions are made not just by wins,but by their acts of kindness. 冠军的成就不仅在于胜利,还在于他们的善举。 4.The spirit of sports is about lifting each other up,not just winning. 体育精神是关于相互扶持,不仅仅是赢得比赛。
2.场景片段训练(运动员精神:携手相助)
Lily is a young athlete,known for her speed.Despite ①her ambitious nature (雄心勃勃的性格),Lily never overlooked the true sportsmanship.②During a track and field event (在一次田径比赛中),she witnessed a fellow competitor,Anna,③struggle with an injury (因伤势挣扎).As others raced past,Lily stopped,④offering her helping hand to Anna (向安娜伸出了援手).Together,they crossed the finish line,⑤with the crowd cheering (众人欢呼)not for the winner,but for the display of compassion.This act of kindness is more valued than any medal.Lily’s behaviour taught everyone ⑥the importance of sportsmanship (体育精神的重要性).
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　(2021·全国乙卷阅读A)
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.In around 80 A.D.,the Romans built the Colosseum,which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances,seating 50,000 people.However,that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus,which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days,safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower.Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world,we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far,which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity,as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functional,still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R.Korea.Capacity: 150,000.Opened:May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium,Ann Arbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity: 107,601.Opened:October 1,1927.
·Beaver Stadium,State College,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September 17,1960.
·Ohio Stadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October 7,1922.
·Kyle Field,College Station,Texas, U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September 24,1927.
真题再做
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了当今世界上最大的几座体育场。
21.How many people could the Circus Maximus hold
A.104,944. B.107,601.
C.About 150,000. D.About 250,000.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,Circus Maximus能容纳大约25万人,故选D项。]
22.Of the following stadiums,which is the oldest
A.Michigan Stadium.
B.Beaver Stadium.
C.Ohio Stadium.
D.Kyle Field.
答案　C　[细节理解题。文章对各体育场开放时间的介绍分别为Michigan Stadium-1927年,Beaver Stadium-1960年,Ohio Stadium-1922年,Kyle Field-1927年。由此可知,最古老的体育场是Ohio Stadium,故选C项。]
23.What do the listed stadiums have in common
A.They host big games.
B.They have become tourist attractions.
C.They were built by Americans.
D.They are favored by architects.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知,这些体育场仍然开放,仍然举办世界上最大的体育赛事,故选A项。]
思维建模
概括类细节理解题——概括和归纳
为了增加细节理解题的难度,命题人有时候会采用较为概括的方式来进行命题,即一道试题中涉及一段或者几段的某些内容,需要学生进行概括和归纳后才能得出答案。此类试题虽然各个细节信息都能在文章中找到,但学生需要具备一定的概括和归纳能力才能正确作答。
以例示法(如22题)
第一步　找关键词:通读题干要求的段落,题干中的关键词为the oldest。
第二步　寻信息句:定位至描述各体育馆的开放年限。
第三步　比对答案:四个选项中C项符合题意。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:stadium n.体育场;contemporary adj.当代的; Para.2:capacity n.容量;soccer n.足球; Para.3:permanent adj.永久的;Para.4:event n.赛事 Para.1:pour into stadiums涌进体育场;seat 50,000 people容纳五万人;small fry (被认为)不重要的人或事;Para.2:safety regulations安全条例或规则; a comfortable seat一个舒适的座位;tend to倾向于
析 长 难 语 句 Para.2:These days,safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower. [句式分析]　这是一个简单句。句子主干为“safety regulations tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower”。其中“not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat”是插入语。 [尝试翻译]　如今,安全规定通常使得体育场的容量略微降低更不用说现代体育迷想要好的视野和舒适的座位。 [语言赏析]　使用破折号引出插入语“not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat”,补充说明除了安全条例外,现代体育迷对良好视野和舒适座位的需求也是影响体育场容量的重要因素。这种结构增强了句子的逻辑性和信息量,使读者更全面地理解影响体育场容量的多重因素。
课时作业　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·重庆八中高三模拟)
Baseball was everything to Walker Smallwood.But when he was just 14 years old,he got heartbreaking news that he had a rare form of bone cancer growing in his left leg.His baseball playing came to a sudden stop as he spent the next three years undergoing six surgeries,24 treatments and 18 hospital stays.
The young pitcher’s leg would never be strong enough to make competitive playing an option.“At the time I guess I was just kind of in denial (否认),because my whole life,day in and day out,was built around baseball and sports,” Walker said.“It was pretty disastrous,” his mom,Pam said.The most the 17-year-old would be able to do is play catch with his teammates as they warmed up for their games.
As the team approached the final game of the season,Walker’s parents and coach agreed that he could pitch (投球) for an inning (一局) or two for the old time’s sake.
“Say you did it,have some fun,and then that’ll be it.Obviously,that’s not what happened,” Walker said.
What ended up happening was more than anyone ever expected.Walker not only threw solid pitches in that first inning,but he also ended up pitching a no-hitter.The coach decided to keep him in the game until he started giving up pitches,but that never happened.Smallwood struck out all but two hitters for the entire game and tied a school record in the process.
“I was in tears,most of the stands were in tears—just one of those special moments that we’ll cherish forever,” mom Pam said.Smallwood may never play again.He’s actually fine with that now because who needs a World Series ring when you’ve already taken on your greatest competitor and gone undefeated.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁男孩 Walker Smallwood 因患一种罕见的癌症不得不放弃棒球运动。他重返球场参加最后一场比赛,投出了一个无安打的球,震惊所有人。
1.What does the word “It” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to
A.The serious injury to his leg.
B.The childhood baseball dream.
C.The risk of multiple surgeries.
D.The long-term mental stress.
答案　A　[代词指代题。首先,依据代词一般出现在原词之后可知,画线词应该在第二段的第一句“The young pitcher’s leg would never be strong enough to make competitive playing an option.”;Walker一直梦想成为职业棒球手,但因癌症造成腿部伤害,他无力支持高强度运动,妈妈因此想表达这简直是灾难性的,所以 it 在这里就是指代前面的癌症使得他的腿受伤无力这件事,故选A项。]
2.Which of the following best describes Walker Smallwood
A.Confident and energetic.
B.Ambitious and determined.
C.Brilliant and considerate.
D.Optimistic and independent.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第四段“Say you did it...that’s not what happened”和第五段中“Walker not only threw...but that never happened.”可知,Walker在得知有机会参加最后一场比赛后,就决心不只是去玩玩,而是认真打比赛。结果他投出了一个无安打的球,超出所有人的预期。从这里可以看出这位年轻投手有追求,有决心,也很努力,棒球是他一生的追求,说明他很有雄心壮志,故选B项。]
3.Why does the author mention a World Series ring in the last paragraph
A.To emphasize the value of cherishing every moment.
B.To stress the significance of any championship prize.
C.To highlight Walker’s personal success at the game.
D.To serves as a reminder of challenges in Walker’s life.
答案　C　[写作意图题。从文章最后一段“Smallwood may never play again...your greatest competitor and gone undefeated.”可知,作者是为了强调 Smallwood 当天在棒球场上的成就超过了任何冠军奖的意义。一枚世界大赛戒指是棒球终极成就的象征,但Smallwood克服癌症带来的伤痛,投出一个无安打的球,所向无敌,其他荣誉何足挂齿。故选C项。]
4.What can we learn from Walker’s story
A.Misfortune can tell us what fortune is.
B.You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.
C.Constant dropping wears away a stone.
D.What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据全文内容,结合第一段中“His baseball playing...and 18 hospital stays.”和倒数第二段中“Smallwood struck...a school record in the process.”可知,本文介绍了17岁男孩 Walker Smallwood 因患一种罕见的癌症不得不放弃棒球运动。他重返球场参加最后一场比赛,投出了一个无安打的球,震惊所有人,反映出了“打不倒你的会使你更强大”,故选D项。]
(2025·定州高三模拟)
When it comes to lowering blood pressure,studies have typically shown that aerobic (有氧的) exercises are best.Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.
Exercises that engage muscles without movement,such as wall squats and planks,may be best for lowering blood pressure,according to a large study published in July,2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
This type of training is known as isometric exercise,according to the Mayo Clinic.Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length,and the joints involved don’t move,facilitating stability of the body.Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without,just relying on the body’s own weight.
“These findings provide a comprehensive data-driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure,” said study coauthor Dr.Jamie O’Driscoll in a news release.
The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions,lasting two or more weeks,on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants,the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training),isometric exercise,aerobic exercise,dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two,isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.
It’s also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure.These include keeping to a healthy weight,eating a balanced diet,cutting down on salt,not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.
More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training,the authors said.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明等长运动可能最适合降低血压。
5.What does the underlined part “isometric exercise” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Exercise that is done with extra weights.
B.Exercise that involves visible muscle contraction.
C.Exercise that focuses on stability of the body.
D.Exercise that engages muscles without movement.
答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Exercises that engage muscles...in July,2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.”可知,不用移动的肌肉锻炼可能是降血压的最佳方式,结合画线短语“This type of training”可知,这种类型的训练指的是上文中提到的“不用移动的肌肉锻炼”,由此可知,画线短语应与“不用移动的肌肉锻炼”意义相近,故选D项。]
6.How did the researchers carry out the study
A.By providing statistics.
B.By interviewing experts.
C.By doing experiments.
D.By making comparisons.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“From a review of 270 trials...the greatest reductions in blood pressure.”可知,此项研究是对以前的研究数据进行分析,通过比较得出的研究结论——等长运动能最大程度地降低血压,由此可知,该项实验是通过对比进行的,故选D项。]
7.What does the author suggest the future studies about isometric exercise focus on
A.Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness.
B.Demonstrating its influences on mental health.
C.Assessing its suitability for different populations.
D.Determining its long-term impacts on blood pressure.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据尾段中的“More research...other types of training,the authors said.”可知,接下来需要更多的研究确定为什么等长运动比其他运动更能降低血压,由此可知,作者建议未来关于等长运动的研究重点是探究其有效性的原因,故选A项。]
8.What is the text mainly about
A.The benefits of aerobic exercises.
B.The best exercise for blood pressure.
C.The effects of various types of exercises.
D.The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle.
答案　B　[文章大意题。依据“主题句定位法”可知,首段中的“Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.”是文章的主题句。结合下文内容可知,本文介绍该项研究的研究过程。由此可知,本文主要讲述的是一项对降血压最好的运动,故选B项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·宜昌高三模拟)
A few days before my high school ended,I was sitting in my English class.My classmates were talking about who would be the first person to shed tears at 　1　.Then,everyone looked at me,and I began to 　2　 right then and there.I am not an emotional person,but the 　3　 of leaving this place hit me hard.I never knew how much this building and the people in it 　4　 to me,until my last days.
High school isn’t for everyone,but there is something for everyone in high school.You just have to 　5　 out what your “thing” is.I 　6　 found my “thing” in high school and that was Student Government.For once I had a(n) 　7　.I served as the representative of my class,and it gave me a
　8　 to convey not only my own,but my classmates’　9　 to teachers and our school.
But there were a lot of times when I felt 　10　.I sat in the classroom looking at the clock,
　11　 for the end of school day.I 　12　 the days until summer like it was my job.But now I 　13　 I could take back all of those moments.
My biggest 　14　 to anyone still in high school is to make your school a place where you want to go.High school goes by very quickly.You only get one chance to be a high schooler,so take 　15　 of it.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中毕业前的经历和感悟,表达了对离别的不舍与对高中生活的珍惜,希望高中生利用好高中的时间,实现自己的目标。
1.A.school B.graduation
C.break D.random
答案　B　[句意:同学们在讨论谁会是第一个在毕业典礼上流泪的人。school学校;graduation 毕业;毕业典礼;break 休息;random 随机。根据上文的“A few days before my high school ended,I was sitting in my English class.”可知,“我”的高中生活即将结束,因此学校要举行毕业仪式,故选B项。]
2.A.cry B.lie
C.sing D.sigh
答案　A　[句意:然后,每个人都看着我,我就在那里哭了起来。cry 哭泣;lie 说谎;sing 唱歌;sigh 叹息。根据上文的“My classmates were talking about who would be the first person to shed tears at...”可知,“我”就在这时哭了起来,故选A项。]
3.A.proposal B.option
C.possibility D.thought
答案　D　[句意:我不是一个情绪化的人,但是一想到要离开这个地方,我就很难受。proposal 提议;option 选项;possibility 可能性;thought 想法。根据本句中的“leaving this place hit me hard”可知,要毕业了使“我”很难受,说明“我”想到了毕业的场景,故选D项。]
4.A.meant B.replied
C.reacted D.faded
答案　A　[句意:直到最后的日子,我才知道这栋楼和里面的人对我有多么重要。mean意味着;reply回答;react反应;fade褪色。根据上文的“leaving this place hit me hard”可知,学校对“我”来说意味着很多,故选A项。]
5.A.bring B.figure
C.cross D.carry
答案　B　[句意:你只需要弄清楚你的“目标”是什么。bring 带来;figure 计算;cross 穿过;carry 承载。根据上文的“there is something for everyone in high school”可知,因此你要弄清楚在高中阶段想得到什么,figure out弄清楚,故选B项。]
6.A.anxiously B.bravely
C.luckily D.initially
答案　C　[句意:我很幸运地在高中找到了我的“目标”,那就是学生会。anxiously 焦虑地;bravely 勇敢地;luckily 幸运地;initially 最初地(课标生僻词)。根据本句中的“I...found my ‘thing’ in high school and that was Student Government.”可知,“我”找到了在高中阶段想要的东西,因此“我”是幸运的,故选C项。]
7.A.organization B.impression
C.voice D.discovery
答案　C　[句意:这一次我终于有了发言权。organization 组织;impression 印象;voice 声音,发言权(多义词);discovery 发现。根据下文的“I served as the representative of my class”可知,“我”作为班级的代表可以向学校提建议,因此“我”有发言权,故选C项。]
8.A.benefit B.chance
C.challenge D.purpose
答案　B　[句意:我担任了班级代表,这给了我一个机会向老师和学校传达我自己和同学们的想法。benefit 好处;chance 机会;challenge 挑战;purpose目的。根据本句中的“I served as the representative of my class”可知,“我”作为班级的代表,“我”便有了机会向学校提建议,故选B项。]
9.A.objectives B.principles
C.concerns D.updates
答案　C　[句意同上。objective 目标;principle 原则;concern 关心的问题,关注;update 更新。“I served as the representative of my class,and it gave me a...to convey not only my own”可知,“我”作为班级的代表,“我”便有了机会向学校提建议,把自己和同学们关心的问题反映给学校,故选C项。]
10.A.disturbed B.sheltered
C.alarmed D.inspired
答案　A　[句意:但有很多时候,我感到不安。disturbed 不安的;sheltered 受庇护的;alarmed 惊恐的;inspired 得自灵感的。根据本句的but表示转折,和下文的“I sat in the classroom looking at the clock...for the end of school day.”可知,“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去,因此“我”会感到不安,故选A项。]
11.A.applauding B.searching
C.fighting D.longing
答案　D　[句意:我坐在教室里看着时钟,渴望着一天的学习结束。applaud 鼓掌;search 搜索;fight 打斗;long渴望。根据上文的“But there were a lot of times when I felt...”及本句中的“I sat in the classroom looking at the clock,...for the end of school day.”可知,“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去,故选D项。]
12.A.counted down B.went through
C.set aside D.put off
答案　A　[句意:我数着日子等着夏天的到来,仿佛那是我的工作。count down 倒计时,倒着数;go through 经历;set aside 留出;put off 推迟。根据上文的“I sat in the classroom looking at the clock,...for the end of school day.”可知,“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去,因此会开始数日子,等待暑假的来临,故选A项。]
13.A.promise B.assume
C.pray D.realize
答案　C　[句意:但现在我祈祷我可以收回所有的那些时刻。promise承诺;assume假设;pray祈祷;realize实现。根据上文的“I...the days until summer like it was my job.”及本句中的but可知,“我”希望过去数日子的事情没发生,那该有多好,因此祈祷能追回那些日子,故选C项。]
14.A.support B.advice
C.rule D.warning
答案　B　[句意:我对还在上高中的人最大的建议是,让你的学校成为你想去的地方。support 支持;advice 建议;rule 规则;warning警告。根据本句中的“make your school a place where you want to go”可知,“我”通过自身的经历给高中生提建议:让你的学校成为你想去的地方,故选B项。]
15.A.account B.notice
C.control D.advantage
答案　D　[句意:你只有一次成为高中生的机会,所以要好好利用它。account 账户;notice 注意;control 控制;advantage 优势。根据本句中的“You only get one chance to be a high schooler”可知,机会只有一次,因此“我”建议高中生利用好这段时间,故选D项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·六安一中高三模拟)
The changes in the sounds of oceans affect many marine (海洋的) animals,1.　　　　　　 very small fishes to huge whales.Fishes and other marine animals use the sounds they catch underwater
2.　　　　　　 (communicate) with each other,and the sounds also help some animals find food and avoid dangerous 3.　　　　　　 (hunt).However,the increasing noise from shipping traffic and underwater oil and gas exploration is making it 4.　　　　　　 hard thing for these animals to hear each other.
The Red Sea,one of the world’s most important waterways,5.　　　　　　 (pack) with large ships traveling to Asia,Europe,and Africa.Some fishes and other animals now avoid the noisiest areas.In addition,the overall number of marine animals 6.　　　　　　 (go) down significantly since 1970.
Experts examine articles 7.　　　　　　 (document) changes in the volume and frequency of noise in the world’s oceans.Then they put together a picture of when the ocean changes began,how the oceans are changing 8.　　　　　　 how marine life is affected.They state that influence is extremely
9.　　　　　　 (notice) when“a noise is at the same frequency and volume as 10.　　　　　　 (biological) important sounds,such as calls signaling danger.”
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人类活动给海洋环境带来了越来越多的噪声,这影响了一些海洋动物的生存。
1.from　[考查介词。从非常小的鱼到巨大的鲸鱼,许多海洋动物都受到海洋的声音变化的影响。此处为from...to...“从……到……”固定搭配,故填from。]
2.to communicate　[考查非谓语动词。鱼类和其他海洋动物利用它们在水下捕捉到的声音相互交流,这些声音也有助于一些海洋动物寻找食物并避开危险的狩猎者。use sth to do sth“利用某物做某事”,故填to communicate。]
3.hunters　[考查词性转换和名词的数。根据空前的“avoid dangerous”可知,空处应用名词作宾语;hunter“狩猎者,猎人”为可数名词,结合语境可知,此处应用其复数形式,故填hunters。]
4.a　[考查冠词。然而,不断增加的由航运交通和水下石油和天然气勘探产生的噪声让这些动物很难听到彼此的声音。此处泛指一件困难的事,应用不定冠词,故填a。]
5.is packed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。红海是世界上最重要的航道之一,挤满了前往亚洲、欧洲和非洲的大型船只。The Red Sea为单数概念,与pack“挤进,涌进,塞满,挤满”之间是被动关系,且文章主体时态是一般现在时,故填is packed。]
6.has gone　[考查时态和主谓一致。句中的“since 1970”为现在完成时的标志词,主语为“the overall number of marine animals”,中心词是number,因此谓语动词用单数形式,故填has gone。]
7.documenting　[考查非谓语动词。专家们研究了记录世界海洋噪声响度和频率变化的文章。空处在句中作非谓语,document“记录,记载”与articles之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用动词-ing形式,故填documenting。]
8.and　[考查并列连词。然后,他们拼凑出一幅图画,该图画描绘了海洋变化何时开始,海洋如何变化,以及海洋生物如何受到影响。“when the ocean changes began”,“how the oceans are changing”和“how marine life is affected”是并列成分,故填and。]
9.noticeable　[考查词性转换。他们指出,当“一种噪声与生物学上重要的声音,例如预示危险的动物叫声,处于相同的频率和响度”时,影响非常明显。空处应用形容词作表语,故填noticeable。]
10.biologically　[考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词important,应用副词形式,故填biologically。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:surgery n.手术;treatment n.治疗;Para.2:competitive adj.竞争的; Para.3:approach v.接近;Para.5:solid adj.可靠的;Para.6:cherish v.珍惜;competitor n.竞争者
B Para.2:movement n.运动;Para.3:length n.长度;joint n.关节;Para.4:framework n.框架; guideline n.指南;Para.5:controlled adj.控制的;intervention n.干预;Para.6:lifestyle n.生活方式
A Para.6:stand　熟义:v.站立;生义:n.看台
B Para.6:note　熟义:n.笔记;生义:v.注意
词 块 积 累 A Para.2:day in and day out日复一日;warm up热身;Para.5:more than超过;end up doing最终做某事; Para.6:in tears流泪
B Para.1:when it comes to说到,当提到;Para.2:according to根据;Para.3:rely on依靠; Para.5:look into调查;Para.6:cut down on减少
长 难 句 式 A Para.6:He’s actually fine with that now because who needs a World Series ring when you’ve already taken on your greatest competitor and gone undefeated. [分析]　这是一个复合句。主句He’s actually fine with that now是一个“主系表”结构,because引导原因状语从句,其中嵌套了一个when引导的让步状语从句。 [译文]　现在他对此感到满意,既然你已经面对了最大的竞争对手并且保持不败,谁还需要世界系列赛的冠军戒指呢
B Para.5:The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions,lasting two or more weeks,on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023. [分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为主谓宾结构“The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials”;关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰trails;lasting two or more weeks作后置定语,修饰exercise interventions。 [译文]　研究人员调查了从1990年到2023年2月间报告了持续两周或更长时间的锻炼干预对血压影响的随机对照试验。(共188张PPT)
UNIT 2　Be sporty, be healthy
必修第二册
主题语境:体育与健康
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.immune adj.　有免疫力;不受影响的;免除的
2.imitate vt. 模仿;仿效
3.philosophy n. 哲学
4.routine n. 常规,惯例
adj. 常规的,例行的;乏味的
5.stretch vt.& vi.伸展,舒展;拉长;伸出; (使)延伸
6.protein n. 蛋白质
7.tissue n. (人、动植物细胞的)组织;
(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾,手巾纸
8.lung n. 肺
9.diagram n. 简图,图解,图表,示意图
10.muscle n. 肌肉,肌
11.root vt.& vi (使)生根
n. 根,根茎;根源,起因
12.plus conj. 而且,此外
prep. 加;和
adj. (用于数字后面表示)多,余
n. 加号;优势,长处
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.throughout history　　　　 纵观历史
2.reduce the risk of diseases 降低患病风险
3.a wide range of hobbies 范围广泛的爱好
4.sweat throughout the body 汗流浃背
5.replace plastic bags with paper bags 用纸袋代替塑料袋
6.an outstanding athlete 一位杰出的运动员
7.the world champion 世界冠军
8.maintain healthy relationships 维持良好的人际关系
9.above/below average 高于/低于平均水平
10.the same position 相同的处境
11.master new skills 掌握新的技能
12.tennis court 网球场
13.update information 更新信息
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.congratulation n. 祝贺,恭喜;贺辞;恭贺
　congratulate vt. 祝贺
2.assume vt. 假定,认为;承担(责任), 就(职);呈现,显露
　assuming conj. 假设……为真;假如
　assumption n. 假设;假定;担任
3.tend vi. 往往会;趋向
　　　vt. 照看
　tendency n. 趋向;倾向
4.energy n. 能,能量;精力;能源
　energetic adj. 精力充沛的
5.injury n. 伤害,损伤
　injure vt. 伤害,使受伤
　injured adj. 受伤的
6.prevent vt. 阻止,阻碍
　prevention n. 预防;防止
7.equipment n. 设备;配备,装备
　equip vt.& vi.配备;装备;使有所准备;使有能力
8.lack vi.& vt. 缺乏,没有,不足,短缺
　　　 n. 缺乏,匮乏,短缺
　lacking adj. 没有;缺乏;不足
9.announce vt. 宣布,宣告;通知
　announcement n. 通告;宣告
　announcer n. 播音员;广播员
10.hesitate vi. 犹豫,迟疑,踌躇
　hesitation n. 犹豫,踌躇,迟疑
　hesitant adj. 犹豫的,踌躇的
11.admit vt.& vi. 承认;招认;准许进入;准许加入;接纳;容纳
　admission n. 承认;入场费;准许加入
12.inspire vt. 激励,鼓舞;启发思考;使产生(感觉或情感)
　inspired adj. 受……影响的;借助于灵感创作的
　inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
　inspiration n. 启发灵感的人(或事物);灵感
13.explore vt.& vi.探究,探索;勘探,勘察
　exploration n. 探究,探索;勘探,勘查
　explorer n. 勘探者;探险家
14.satisfaction n. 满意;满足,达到
　satisfy vt. 使满足;使满意
　satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的
　satisfied adj. 满意的
15.exist vi. 存在;生活,生存
　existence n. 生活;存在
　existing adj. 现存的;现行的
16.breathe vt.& vi. 呼吸;呼出
　breath n. 呼吸
　breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
17.unity n. 统一体,联合体,整体; 团结一致,联合,统一
　unite v. (使)团结;(使)联合
　united adj. 统一的;团结的
18.reduce vt. 减少,缩小
　reduction n. 减少;降低;缩小
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.do wonders　 创造奇迹,产生神奇作用
2.get over 克服
3.play a role in 在……中发挥作用;扮演角色
4.keep up 保持,维持
5.have an effect on对……有影响
6.be rooted in 起源于
7.prevent...from... 阻止……
8.stick with 持续,坚持
9.make up for 弥补,补偿
10.put the finishing touches to对……进行最后的润色或修饰
11.no wonder 不足为奇,并不奇怪
12.under the weather 略有不适,不舒服
13.in response to 对……作出反应;作为对……的回复
14.over the long term 长期
15.to start with 首先,作为开始
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(it作形式主语)
　事实也证明,定期运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统,患病的风险
较低。
2.When you plan an exercise routine,the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve:heart and lung efficiency,muscle strength or flexibility.(the+序数词+n.+to do sth)
　制订锻炼计划时,首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善:心肺功能,肌肉力量还是柔韧性。
3.Just as importantly,practising tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it.(副词短语作状语;动名词短语作主语)
　同样重要的是,练习太极拳激励了我去探索它背后的中国文化。
4.Zhang Sanfeng,a 13th-century Taoist,was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.(主语+be+过去分词+to do sth)
　张三丰是13世纪的一位道士,据说是他从蛇与鸟的搏斗中获得灵感后发明了太极拳。
5.After learning the basics of tai chi in those first few classes,I found myself bored and aching from doing the same moves over and over again.(find+宾语+宾语补足语)
　学完前几节太极拳基础课之后,我发现一遍又一遍地重复这些招式让我心生厌倦,而且肌肉酸痛。
6.Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind,enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations.(现在分词短语作结果状语)
　太极拳教会了我放松大脑,让我能够在紧张的情况下保持冷静。
词汇横拓串记
“v.+y”构成的名词集锦 常见运动项目一览 “阻止/禁止某人做某事”多种表达
①injure→injury伤害,损伤 ②discover→discovery发现 ③recover→recovery 恢复;痊愈 ④deliver→delivery递送 ⑤sympathize→sympathy 同情 ①tai chi n. 太极拳,太极 ②skydiving n. 跳伞运动 ③jogging n. 慢跑锻炼 ④skiing n. 滑雪(运动) ⑤boxing n. 拳击运动 ⑥gymnastics n. 体操(训练) ①prevent sb from doing sth
②stop sb from doing sth
③keep sb from doing sth
④prohibit sb from doing sth
⑤ban sb from doing sth
⑥forbid sb from doing sth
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.immune system　　　　 　　　　　　系统
2.plan an exercise routine 制订锻炼　　　　　
3.stretch your muscles 　　　　你的　　　　　　
4.eat foods rich in protein 吃富含　　　　　　的食物
5.prevent soft tissue injury 防止软　　　　　　损伤
免疫
Step One　写一写
计划
伸展
肌肉
蛋白质
组织
6.deep spreading roots 扎得很深的　　　　　　
7.imitate humans' action 　　　　　　人类的动作
8.a professor of philosophy 　　　　　　教授
根
模仿
哲学
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 n.　 病,疾病
2.　　　　　　 vt. 维持;维修,保养
3.　　　　　　 vt. 使现代化,更新;向……提供最新信息
n. 最新消息
4.　　　　　　 n. 运动员
5.　　　　　　 prep. 自始至终;各处,遍及
disease
maintain
update
athlete
throughout
6.　　　　　　 n. 大师,能手;主人
vt. 精通,掌握;控制
7.　　　　　　 n. 平均水平,一般水准
adj. 平均的;典型的
8.　　　　　　 n. 球场;法院,法庭;宫廷
9.　　　　　　 n. (变动或浮动的)范围,界限,区间;一系列
10.　　　　　　 n. 汗水
vt.& vi. 出汗,流汗
master
average
court
range
sweat
11.　　　　　　 n. 处境;位置;姿势; 观点;地位
12.　　　　　　 vt. 用……替换;代替, 取代;更换,更新
position
replace
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 vi.　 往往会;趋向
vt. 照看
　　　　　　　 n. 趋向;倾向
2.　　　　　　 vi. 存在;生活,生存
　　　　　　　 n. 生活;存在
　　　　　　　 adj. 现存的;现行的
tend
tendency
exist
existence
existing
3.　　　　　　 vt. 阻止,阻碍
　　　　　　　 n. 预防;防止
4.　　　　　　 n. 能,能量;精力;能源
　　　　　　　 adj. 精力充沛的
5.　　　　　　 vt. 伤害,使受伤
　　　　　　　 n. 伤害,损伤
　　　　　　　 adj. 受伤的
prevent
prevention
energy
energetic
injure
injury
injured
6.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 探究,探索;勘探,勘察
　　　　　　　 n. 探究,探索;勘探,勘查
　　　　　　　 n. 勘探者;探险家
7.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 配备;装备;使有所准备;使有能力
　　　　　　　 n. 设备;配备,装备
8.　　　　　　 vt. 假定,认为;承担(责任), 就(职);呈现,显露
　　　　　　　 conj. 假设……为真;假如
　　　　　　　 n. 假设;假定;担任
explore
exploration
explorer
equip
equipment
assume
assuming
assumption
9.　　　　　　　　 vt. 宣布,宣告;通知
　　　　　　　　　 n. 通告;宣告
　　　　　　　　　 n. 播音员;广播员
10.　　　　　　　　 vi. 犹豫,迟疑,踌躇
　　　　　　　　　 n. 犹豫,踌躇,迟疑
　　　　　　　　　 adj. 犹豫的,踌躇的
announce
announcement
announcer
hesitate
hesitation
hesitant
11.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 承认;招认;准许进入; 准许加入;接纳;容纳
　　　　　　　 n. 承认;入场费;准许加入
12.　　　　　　 vt. 激励,鼓舞;启发思考; 使产生(感觉或情感)
　　　　　　　 adj. 受……影响的;借助于灵感创作的
　　　　　　　 adj. 鼓舞人心的
　　　　　　　 n. 启发灵感的人(或事物);灵感
admit
admission
inspire
inspired
inspiring
inspiration
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.　　　　　　　　　首先,作为开始
2.　　　　　　　 克服
3.　　　　　　　 在……中发挥作用; 扮演角色
4.　　　　　　　 保持,维持
5.　　　　　　　 对……有影响
6.　　　　　　　 长期
7.　　　　　　　 持续,坚持
to start with
get over
play a role in
keep up
have an effect on
over the long term
stick with
8.make up for 　　　　　　　
9.in response to 　　　　　　 　
10.no wonder 　　　　　　 　
11.be rooted in 　　　　　　　
12.prevent...from... 　　　　　　　
弥补,补偿
对……作出反应; 作为对……的回复
不足为奇,并不奇怪
起源于
阻止……
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:it作形式主语
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 but it is also China's largest nature reserve.
　它不仅是人们公认的著名旅游景点,而且是中国最大的自然保护区。
It is admitted that not only is it a famous tourist attraction
2.句型公式:the+序数词+n.+to do...
　She was 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the Olympic Games.
　她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女性。
the first woman to win the gold medal
3.句型公式:主语+be+过去分词+to have done
　The scholar,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　Cambridge University, will give us a lecture about English poetry.
　这位据说毕业于剑桥大学的学者将给我们做一个关于英语诗歌的讲座。
who is said to have graduated from
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.The price of the house is so high that it is well beyond r　　　　　　.
2.He had to pause occasionally to wipe the s　　　　　　 from his forehead because the air-conditioning system broke down.
3.With convenient traffic network,you can travel to anywhere
t　　　　　　 the country.
ange
Step Two　练一练
weat
hroughout
4.It's good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them,but they can never r　　　　　　 your own culture.
5.The two countries have always m　　　　　　 close relations.
6.It is important for us to m　　　　　　 some basic living skills to prepare for our future life.
eplace
aintained
aster
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Our school offers good 　　　 　and you will be well
　 　　 　with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)
2.He 　　　　　　that it was not easy to gain 　　　　　　to the Buckingham Palace.(admit)
3.Listening to his 　　　　　　speech,we were 　　　　　　to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also 　　　　　　.
(inspire)
equipment
equipped
admitted
admission
inspiring
inspired
inspiration
4.If you are 　　　　about performing a task,don't 　　　　　　to ask your adviser for advice,and he will help you without
　　　　　　. (hesitate)
5.The soldier got 　　　　　　in the battle and suffered a serious
　　　　　　in the left ankle.(injure)
6.To keep 　　　　　　,he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise.That's why he is always full of 　　　　　　.(energy)
hesitant
hesitate
hesitation
injured
injury
energetic
energy
Ⅲ.短语填空
get over　make up for　in response to　no wonder　
stick with　play a role in
1.His enthusiasm would properly 　　　　　　his lack of experience.
2.I am writing to give you a brief introduction to tai chi
　　　　　　your request.
3.If you're in a job that keeps you busy,　　　　　 it.
make up for
in response to
stick with
4.Looking back on my past few years,friends gave me so much help that I could 　　　　　　difficulties which I had to face.
5.Not only do the oceans provide us with abundant resources,but they also 　　　　　　maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.
6.　　　　　　 you couldn't get through.You've left out a zero in this phone number.
get over
play a role in
No wonder
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Almost all of us assume that regular exercise does
1. 　　　 (wonder) for us.Now,let's look at the benefits in detail.Firstly,2.　　　　　　 (do) exercise can make our heart and lungs stronger over 3.　　　　　　 long term.Studies also show that working out can help us reduce stress and get over negative thoughts.In a word,exercise is good for our body and mind.
wonders
doing
the
There're different kinds of activities.Aerobic activities,like jogging and skiing,can develop heart and lungs.Strength training,such as pull-ups and weightlifting,4.　　　　　　(increase) muscle strength and encourages bone development.Flexibility training,
5.　　　　　　 (include) gymnastics and tai chi,helps stretch your muscles 6.　　　　　　 improve your body's range of movement.Tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang
7.　　　　　　 cannot exist independent of each other.
increases
including
and
which
Do choose your favourite activities and stick with it.When exercising,you must wear proper clothes and equipment
8.　　　　　　(avoid) injuries.Remember to drink to make up 9.　　　　　　 water lost to sweat.Gradually,you will find,to your
10.　　　　　　(satisfy),that you have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.
to avoid
for
satisfaction
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.2写作迁移
1.assume vt.假定,认为;承担(责任),就(职);呈现,显露→assuming conj.假设……为真;假如→assumption n.假设;假定;担任→assumed adj.假定的,假设的
佳句背诵　
People assume that drinking tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.
人们认为喝茶不仅可以提神,而且可以增强我们的记忆力。
assume that... 假定……
it is (generally) assumed that... (普遍)认为……
assume sb to do sth 认为/假设/猜想某人做某事
make an assumption 做出假设
on the assumption that... 假定……
assuming that... 假定……(引导条件状语从句)
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①It would have been easy to rely on my 　　　　　　(assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.(2024·浙江1月卷)
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union,I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.(发言稿)
假如我被选为学生会主席,我会组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。
assumptions
On the assumption that/Assuming that
教考衔接　 单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 what people do has little effect on the environment,but every effort counts.
(海洋保护,2022·全国甲卷)
大家普遍认为人们所做的事情对环境的影响很小,但每一点努力都很重要。
It is assumed that
2.injury n.损伤,伤害→injure vt.使受伤,伤害 →injured adj.受伤的
佳句背诵　
Out of shape after recovering from her injury, she was determined to rebuild her strength.
伤愈后身材走样,她决心重塑体力。
do sb an injury/do an injury to sb伤害某人
get/be injured 受伤
the injured 受伤的人;伤员
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The 　　　　　　were sent to the hospital nearby by the rescue team to treat their 　　　　　　.(injure)
②I am sorry to hear that 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
last week. I hope everything is going well with you.
听说上周你打篮球时受伤了,我很难过。我希望你早日康复。
injured
injuries
you got injured when playing basketball
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles
　　　　　　(injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.Yet, I was determined to go ahead.(北京卷)
was injured
3.announce vt.宣布,宣告;通知(announcement n.通告;宣告 announcer
　n.播音员;广播员)
佳句背诵　
Attention, please! It is announced that the World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held from July 7 to 15 in Tianjin.(通知)
请注意!据宣布,世界青少年机器人大赛将于7月7日至15日在天津举行。
it is/was announced that... 据宣布……
announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
make an announcement 发布宣告或通知
以练促学　单句语法填空
①Our school English broadcast station is looking for an
　　　　　　(announce) who is capable of speaking fluent and authentic English.
②The headmaster of the boarding school announced
　　　　　　the students the list of students who got a scholarship.
announcer
to
教考衔接　单句写作
③In her first P.E.class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt 　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 around the track outside.(2024· 浙江1月卷)
在Eva的第一堂体育课上,当Pitt教练宣布每个人都必须绕着外面的跑道跑一英里时,Eva惊呆了。
announced
that everyone had to run one mile
4.hesitate vi.犹豫,踌躇,迟疑→hesitation n.犹豫,踌躇,迟疑→hesitant
adj.犹豫的,踌躇的
佳句背诵　
If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind,don’t hesitate to join the debate team.(通知)
如果你对英语充满热情并且有一个敏锐的头脑,别犹豫了,来加入辩论队吧。
hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事;不愿做某事
not hesitate to do sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
hesitate about/over... 对……犹豫不决
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth
毫不犹豫地做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I hesitate 　　　　　　ask for help because I don’t want to bother anyone.
②Instantly I learn that you 　　　　　　　　　　　 choosing which optional course, I 　 　　　　　
to offer you some suggestions.(建议信)
当我得知你对选择哪门选修课犹豫不决时,我毫不犹豫地写信给你一些建议。
to
hesitate about/over
have no hesitation in writing/don't hesitate to write
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you have any questions or require more information.(告知信,2022·浙江1月卷)
如果您有任何问题或需要更多的信息,请不要犹豫,尽管问我。
Please do not hesitate to ask me
5.tend vi.往往会;趋向 vt.照看;照管 →tendency n.倾向;趋向
佳句背诵　
Some people will tend to overestimate,and some to underestimate.
有些人会高估,而有些人会低估。
tend to do sth 常常会做某事;倾向于做某事
tend (to) sb/sth 照顾某人/某物;护理某人/某物
have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事
以练促学　单句写作/同义句转换
①Undoubtedly,opportunities and success　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(主旨升华)
毋庸置疑,机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。
②As a Senior 1 student,it is normal for you to tend to get anxious with time going by.
→As a Senior 1 student,it is normal that 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　 as time goes by.(tendency)
tend to favour those
who are ready
you have a tendency
to get anxious
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a
　　　　　　(tend) to multitask while consuming digital content.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
tendency
We should not assume that life is always smooth. Accidents can sometimes cause injuries. When bad news is announced, we should tend to face it bravely and positively.
6.average n.平均水平,一般水准;平均数 adj.平均的;典型的;普通的
(ordinary)
佳句背诵　
The average number of electronic devices has risen sharply in recent years,making it possible for us to study online. (发言稿,2021·全国乙卷) 近年来,电子设备的平均数量急剧上升,使我们在线学习变得可能。
above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均水平
on average 平均;一般地
the average of... ……的平均数
以练促学　单句写作
①The person I respect most is my Chinese teacher 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　. (人物介绍)
我最尊敬的人是我的语文老师,他中等身高,戴着一副眼镜。
who is of
average height and wears a pair of glasses
教考衔接　单句语法填空
②His academic performance is well 　　　　　　average,but he is still modest and helpful.(人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
③Each stop lasts 　　　　　　average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
above
an
7.satisfaction n.满足,达到;满意;欣慰 →satisfy vt.使满意;使满足
satisfied adj.满意的 →satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的
佳句背诵　
Finally, my hard work paid off—we were awarded an A, which gave me great satisfaction.(2022·浙江1月卷)
最后,我的努力得到了回报——我们获得了A,这让我很满意。
with satisfaction　　　　 满意地
to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是
satisfy one’s needs/demands 满足某人的需要
be satisfied with sth/sb 对某事/某人感到满意
be satisfied to do sth 对做某事感到满意
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①You should feel 　　　　　　(satisfy) at the end of a meal, but not too full.(2024·全国甲卷)
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　,please inform us in time so that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　.(日程安排)
如果您对我们的安排不满意,请及时通知我们以便我们能够满足您的需要。
satisfied
If you are not satisfied with our arrangements
we can satisfy your needs/demands
教考衔接　 语段训练
③With the help of my teacher,I finally succeeded in 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.My teacher nodded her head,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
在老师的帮助下,我终于成功地写出了一篇令人满意的文章。我的老师点点头,满意地笑了。
writing a
satisfying/satisfactory article
smiling with satisfaction
8.in response to 对……作出反应;作为对……的回复
佳句背诵　
In response to your last letter,I make sure that I will assist you with/in your oral English. (回复求助信)
作为对你上一封信的回复,我保证会在英语口语方面帮助你。
make a/no response to 对……作出回应/不予回答
respond to 对……作出回应或反应;答复
[点拨]　“作出反应”的其他表达:react to 对……作出反应;回应 reply to 回应……
以练促学　单句写作
①“I will never do that again,” he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 他眼里含着悔恨的泪水回答我说:“我再也不会这样做了。”(语言+神态描写)
②She 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　, which made me boil with anger. 她没有回应校长,这使我非常生气。
responded to me with tears
of regret in his eyes
made no response to the schoolmaster
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response 　　　　　　total silence and 85 decibels (分贝) of background noise.(2021·全国Ⅱ卷)
to
9.make up for 弥补,补偿
佳句背诵　
She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former mistakes.
她真诚地希望弥补她从前犯的错误。
make up 作出补偿;构成,组成;编造;化妆
make up one’s mind to do sth 打定主意/下定决心做某事
make a difference　　　 起作用,有影响
make sense 有意义
make out 理解;辨认
make use of 利用
make one’s way to... 前往,到……去
以练促学　单句写作
①Only a small percentage of students learn by looking through websites,　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.(短文投稿,2022·全国乙卷)
只有一小部分学生通过浏览网站来学习,占12%。
②We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　, but in vain.(浙江卷)
我们试图在黑暗中认出回家的路,但是白费力气。
which makes up 12%
made an attempt to make out the way back home in the darkness
教考衔接　 单句写作
③The story may be summed up in one sentence: 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这个故事可以用一句话来概括:勤奋可以弥补能力的不足(勤能补拙)。
Hard work can
make up for a lack of ability
10.do wonders 创造奇迹,产生神奇作用
佳句背诵　
Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind.
大多数人认为定期锻炼对身心有奇效。
I wonder if/whether...　 我想知道能否……
No wonder (that).../It’s no wonder (that)...难怪……;……不足为奇
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I wonder 　　　　　　parents should always tell the truth no matter the consequences.
②She is warm-hearted,so 　　　　　　　　　　　 she always helps those who are in trouble.
她是一个热心肠的人,因此她总是帮助那些处于困境中的人们就不足为奇了。
if/whether
(it is) no wonder (that)
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 for you to take part in the programme.(邀请信,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我想知道您是否方便参加这个节目。
I am wondering whether it is convenient
One day, I was really frustrated because my test scores were below average. In response to this situation, I decided to study harder to make up for the lost time. Surprisingly, my efforts did wonders. My grades started to improve gradually, and I finally regained my confidence. I felt a deep sense of satisfaction with myself.
1.句型公式:主语+be+过去分词+to do sth
课本原句:Zhang Sanfeng,a 13th-century Taoist,was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.
张三丰是13世纪的一位道士,据说是他从蛇与鸟的搏斗中获得灵感后发明了太极拳。
佳句背诵　
The English short film is believed to be not only meaningful but also interesting.(全国Ⅱ卷)
相信这部英文短片不仅有意义,而且很有趣。
本句中“主语+be said to do”意为“据说……”,其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。该结构相当于“It is said that...”。
Sb is said/thought/believed/supposed/...to do sth
→It is said/thought/believed/supposed/...that...据说/大家认为/人们相信/据推测……
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①This book is reported 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
据报道,这本书已被翻译成了多种不同的语言。
②据说500多名学生参加了上周举行的5公里越野赛。
→It 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
the five-kilometer cross-country running race held last week.
→More than 500 students 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
the five-kilometer cross-country running race held last week.
to have been translated into many different languages
is said that more than 500 students participated in
are said to have participated in
教考衔接　 同义句转换
③It was thought that the video filmed by my mom was amusing,making me widely known in the town.(2021·浙江1月卷)
→The video filmed by my mom 　　　　　　　　　 　　 ,
making me widely known in the town.
was thought to be amusing
2.句型公式:the+序数词+n.+to do sth
课本原句:When you plan an exercise routine,the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve:heart and lung efficiency,muscle strength or flexibility.制订锻炼计划时,首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善:心肺功能,肌肉力量还是柔韧性。
佳句背诵　
When it comes to the person I admire most in history,the first person to come to my mind is Confucius.(短文投稿,2023·全国乙卷)
说到历史上我最崇拜的人,我第一个想到的人是孔子。
句中不定式to consider作定语,修饰the first thing,与the first thing之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the next、the only、the last等时,常用不定式作后置定语。(2)不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词,常见的有:ability、reason、chance、opportunity、courage、ambition、offer、anxiety、answer、attempt等。
(3)不定代词something、nothing、anything、anyone、nobody等后常用不定式作定语。
以练促学　单句写作
①China has become 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a probe on the far side of the moon.
中国已成为首个将探测器在月球背面着陆的国家。
②We seized 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　,
through which we got into the helicopter.(浙江7月卷)
我们抓住了登上梯子的黄金时机,通过梯子上了直升机。
the first country to land
the golden chance to climb the ladder
③There was no signal in that faraway village and
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　failed.
在那个偏远的村庄没有信号,我为联系你们做的所有努力都失败了。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
④Four years later, she was the first African American woman
　　　　　　(receive) a medical degree.(2023·全国乙卷)
all my attempts to contact you
to receive
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.She replaced the books after reading and fell asleep. 　　　　　
2.Last October,while tending her garden,she pulled out a handful of small carrots. 　　　　　
3.We are really concerned and anxious to learn about your updates.
(浙江7月卷) 　　　　　
4.Developed countries should assume the responsibility of helping undeveloped countries. 　　　　　
vt.放回
vt.照管
n.最新消息
vt.承担
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.admit vt.& vi.承认;招认;准许进入;准许加入;接纳;容纳
①承认　②容纳　③接纳　④准许加入
At first, she hesitated to admit①her mistake, but with a deep breath, she finally made it.Meanwhile, the prestigious university, which can admit②over 1,600 students, admitted③her with open arms, recognizing her potential beyond her past.She was delighted to be admitted④to the college.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.average adj.平均的;典型的;普通的 n.平均水平,一般水准;平均数
v.平均为;计算出……的平均数
①adj.普通的　②adj.平均的　③v.计算出……的平均数　④n.平均水平
John,an average① student, never stood out in class.Yet, his dedication to studies propelled him to surpass the average② level.When grades were averaged③, his perseverance shone, proving that average④ can evolve into extraordinary.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive 　　　　　　　 (exist).(2022·浙江1月卷)
2.A lot of people make the 　　　　　　 (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.
3.The national park has a large collection of wildlife,
　　　　　　 (range) from butterflies to elephants.
existence
assumption
ranging
4.It was 　　　　　　(announce) that the boxing athlete was innocent of the crime.
5.　　　　　　 (inspire) by my headteacher,I am determined to stick to my dream until I achieve it.
6.I was ill for some days and I’m determined to make up
　　　　　　the lost time.
7.Even soccer fans tend 　　　　　　have a seat each;gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.(2021·全国乙卷)
announced
Inspired
for
to
8.Not only should I equip myself 　　　　　 abundant knowledge but also inspire more people to join us in helping those in need.
9.Receiving a letter doesn’t mean you need to make a
　　　　　　(respond) to it.
10.The ability 　　　　　　(express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
with
response
to express
维度三　完成句子
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 enter the password.
　下一件要做的事情是输入密码。
2.　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the sports meeting held last week.
　据说有1 000多名运动员参加了上周举行的运动会。
The next thing to do is to
More than 1,000 athletes are said to/It is said that more than 1,000 athletes have participated in
3.During his lifetime,he wrote a great number of extraordinary poems,all of which 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　.
　在他的一生中,他写了大量非凡的诗歌,这些诗歌对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。
4.It goes without saying that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　毋庸置疑海洋在世界上发挥着至关重要的作用。
have a great effect on Chinese culture
oceans play a critical role in the world
5.Only if we can stick to our dreams will 　 　　　　　　　
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
只有坚持我们的梦想,我们才能够克服各种挑战。
6.We should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 arbitrarily.
我们应该防止人们随意砍伐树木。
we be able to get over all
kinds of challenges
prevent people from cutting down trees
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(建议信——锻炼身体)
假定你是李华,你的笔友林涛来信说,因学习忙、锻炼少,他最近经常生病,这也影响了他的学习。请你给他写一封英文回信,内容包括:
1.锻炼的重要性;
2.提出锻炼建议。
第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达
①得知你这几天身体不舒服,我写信是为了表达我对你的关心,并给你一些建议。(under the weather,分词短语作状语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
Knowing that you have been under the weather for days,I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice.
②锻炼不仅可以改善你的免疫系统,还可以让你每天充满活力。(immune,energy,动名词短语作主语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
③只有在你健康状况良好的时候,你才能继续学习,提高学习效率。(状语从句的省略)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
Working out can not only improve your immune system but also make you full of energy everyday.
Only when in good health can you carry on studying and increase your study efficiency.
④我建议你每天至少做一个小时的锻炼,并制定一个详细的锻炼时间表,这可以帮助你坚持锻炼的习惯。(stick with,routine,非限制性定语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
I suggest that you take at least one hour's exercise every day,and make a detailed schedule for your exercise,which can help you stick with an exercise routine.
⑤加入一个你学校的体育俱乐部可能是个好主意,因为俱乐部的伙伴可以激励你定期锻炼。(inspire,it作形式主语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
⑥我真希望我的建议能对你有所帮助。如果你有任何问题,请随时联系我。(hesitate)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
It might be a good idea to join a sports club in your school,for the partners in the club can inspire you to work out regularly.
I do hope you will find my advice helpful.If you have any question,don't hesitate to contact me.
第二步　恰当适渡　完美成文
Dear Lin Tao,
Knowing that you have been under the weather for days,I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice.
To begin with,working out can not only improve your immune system but also make you full of energy everyday.Only when in good health can you carry on studying and increase your study efficiency.What's more/Moreover,I suggest that you take at least one
hour's exercise every day,and make a detailed schedule for your exercise,which can help you stick with an exercise routine.Last but not least,it might be a good idea to join a sports club in your school,for the partners in the club can inspire you to work out regularly.
I do hope you will find my advice helpful.If you have any question,don't hesitate to contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
1.语料积累
单 词 ambitious adj.　　有雄心的
courageous adj. 勇敢的
determined adj. 决心的
persistent adj. 坚持不懈的
optimistic adj. 乐观的
steadily adv. 稳步地
consistently adv. 一贯地
passionately adv. 热情地
optimistically adv. 乐观地
effectively adv. 有效地
单 词 patiently adv. 耐心地
determination n. 决心
strength n. 力量
courage n. 勇气
ambition n. 雄心
commitment n. 承诺
passion n. 热情
motivation n. 动机
teamwork n. 团队合作
commit v. 承诺
motivate v. 激励
inspire v. 激励
词 块 during a track and field event在一次田径比赛中
offer one’s helping hand to向……伸出了某人的援手
struggle with an injury 因伤势挣扎
the ambitious nature 雄心勃勃的性格
the importance of sportsmanship体育精神的重要性
with the crowd cheering 观众欢呼
accept challenges 接受挑战
show true courage 展现真正的勇气
display teamwork 展示团队合作
achieve excellence 取得卓越
inspire others 激励他人
face adversity 面对逆境
靓 句 1.The team’s cooperation was a beautiful example of sportsmanship.
团队合作是体育精神的美好典范。
2.In the heat of the race,a helping hand becomes a symbol of unity.
比赛激烈之时,援手成为团结的象征。
3.Champions are made not just by wins,but by their acts of kindness.
冠军的成就不仅在于胜利,还在于他们的善举。
4.The spirit of sports is about lifting each other up,not just winning.
体育精神是关于相互扶持,不仅仅是赢得比赛。
2.场景片段训练(运动员精神:携手相助)
Lily is a young athlete,known for her speed.Despite ①　　　　　　　　　　　 (雄心勃勃的性格),Lily never overlooked the true sportsmanship.②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
(在一次田径比赛中),she witnessed a fellow competitor,Anna,③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (因伤势挣扎).As others raced past,Lily stopped,④　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　
(向安娜伸出了援手). Together,they crossed the finish line,
her ambitious nature
During a track and field event
struggle with an injury
offering her helping hand to Anna
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 (众人欢呼) not for the winner,but for the display of compassion.This act of kindness is more valued than any medal.Lily’s behaviour taught everyone
⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (体育精神的重要性).
with the crowd cheering
the importance of sportsmanship
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(2021·全国乙卷阅读A)
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.In around 80 A.D.,the Romans built the Colosseum,which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances,seating 50,000 people.However,that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus,which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days,safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower.Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world,we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far,which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity,as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functional,still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R.Korea.Capacity: 150,000.Opened:May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium,Ann Arbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity: 107,601. Opened:October 1,1927.
·Beaver Stadium,State College,Pennsylvania,U.S. Capacity: 106,572.Opened:September 17,1960.
·Ohio Stadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:
October 7,1922.
·Kyle Field,College Station,Texas, U.S.Capacity:102,512. Opened: September 24,1927.
真题再做
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了当今世界上最大的几座体育场。
21.How many people could the Circus Maximus hold
A.104,944. B.107,601.
C.About 150,000. D.About 250,000.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,Circus Maximus能容纳大约25万人,故选D项。
22.Of the following stadiums,which is the oldest
A.Michigan Stadium.
B.Beaver Stadium.
C.Ohio Stadium.
D.Kyle Field.
√
解析　细节理解题。文章对各体育场开放时间的介绍分别为Michigan Stadium-1927年,Beaver Stadium-1960年,Ohio Stadium-1922年,Kyle Field-1927年。由此可知,最古老的体育场是Ohio Stadium,故选C项
23.What do the listed stadiums have in common
A.They host big games.
B.They have become tourist attractions.
C.They were built by Americans.
D.They are favored by architects.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知,这些体育场仍然开放,仍然举办世界上最大的体育赛事,故选A项。
思维建模
概括类细节理解题——概括和归纳
为了增加细节理解题的难度,命题人有时候会采用较为概括的方式来进行命题,即一道试题中涉及一段或者几段的某些内容,需要学生进行概括和归纳后才能得出答案。此类试题虽然各个细节信息都能在文章中找到,但学生需要具备一定的概括和归纳能力才能正确作答。
以例示法(如22题)
第一步　找关键词:通读题干要求的段落,题干中的关键词为the oldest。
第二步　寻信息句:定位至描述各体育馆的开放年限。
第三步　比对答案:四个选项中C项符合题意。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:stadium n.体育场; contemporary adj.当代的; Para.2:capacity n.容量; soccer n.足球; Para.3:permanent adj.永久的; Para.4:event n.赛事 Para.1:pour into stadiums涌进体育场;seat 50,000 people容纳五万人;small fry (被认为)不重要的人或事;Para.2:safety regulations安全条例或规则;
a comfortable seat一个舒适的座位;tend to倾向于
析 长 难 语 句 Para.2:These days,safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower. [句式分析]　这是一个简单句。句子主干为“safety regulations tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower”。其中“not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat”是插入语。 [尝试翻译]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 [语言赏析]　使用破折号引出插入语“not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat”,补充说明除了安全条例外,现代体育迷对良好视野和舒适座位的需求也是影响体育场容量的重要因素。这种结构增强了句子的逻辑性和信息量,使读者更全面地理解影响体育场容量的多重因素。
如今,安全规定通常使得体育场的容量略微降低更不用说现代体育迷想要好的视野和舒适的座位。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·重庆八中高三模拟)
Baseball was everything to Walker Smallwood.But when he was just 14 years old,he got heartbreaking news that he had a rare form of bone cancer growing in his left leg.His baseball playing came to a sudden stop as he spent the next three years undergoing six surgeries,24 treatments and 18 hospital stays.
The young pitcher’s leg would never be strong enough to make competitive playing an option.“At the time I guess I was just kind of in denial (否认),because my whole life,day in and day out,was built around baseball and sports,” Walker said.“It was pretty disastrous,” his mom,Pam said.The most the 17-year-old would be able to do is play catch with his teammates as they warmed up for their games.
As the team approached the final game of the season,Walker’s parents and coach agreed that he could pitch (投球) for an inning (一局) or two for the old time’s sake.
“Say you did it,have some fun,and then that’ll be it.Obviously, that’s not what happened,” Walker said.
What ended up happening was more than anyone ever expected.Walker not only threw solid pitches in that first inning,but he also ended up pitching a no-hitter.The coach decided to keep him in the game until he started giving up pitches,but that never happened.Smallwood struck out all but two hitters for the entire game and tied a school record in the process.
“I was in tears,most of the stands were in tears—just one of those special moments that we’ll cherish forever,” mom Pam said.Smallwood may never play again.He’s actually fine with that now because who needs a World Series ring when you’ve already taken on your greatest competitor and gone undefeated.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁男孩 Walker Smallwood 因患一种罕见的癌症不得不放弃棒球运动。他重返球场参加最后一场比赛,投出了一个无安打的球,震惊所有人。
1.What does the word “It” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to
A.The serious injury to his leg.
B.The childhood baseball dream.
C.The risk of multiple surgeries.
D.The long-term mental stress.
√
解析　代词指代题。首先,依据代词一般出现在原词之后可知,画线词应该在第二段的第一句“The young pitcher’s leg would never be strong enough to make competitive playing an option.”;Walker一直梦想成为职业棒球手,但因癌症造成腿部伤害,他无力支持高强度运动,妈妈因此想表达这简直是灾难性的,所以 it 在这里就是指代前面的癌症使得他的腿受伤无力这件事,故选A项。
2.Which of the following best describes Walker Smallwood
A.Confident and energetic. B.Ambitious and determined.
C.Brilliant and considerate. D.Optimistic and independent.
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段“Say you did it...that’s not what happened”和第五段中“Walker not only threw...but that never happened.”可知,Walker在得知有机会参加最后一场比赛后,就决心不只是去玩玩,而是认真打比赛。结果他投出了一个无安打的球,超出所有人的预期。从这里可以看出这位年轻投手有追求,有决心,也很努力,棒球是他一生的追求,说明他很有雄心壮志,故选B项。
√
3.Why does the author mention a World Series ring in the last paragraph
A.To emphasize the value of cherishing every moment.
B.To stress the significance of any championship prize.
C.To highlight Walker’s personal success at the game.
D.To serves as a reminder of challenges in Walker’s life.
√
解析　写作意图题。从文章最后一段“Smallwood may never play again...your greatest competitor and gone undefeated.”可知,作者是为了强调 Smallwood 当天在棒球场上的成就超过了任何冠军奖的意义。一枚世界大赛戒指是棒球终极成就的象征,但Smallwood克服癌症带来的伤痛,投出一个无安打的球,所向无敌,其他荣誉何足挂齿。故选C项。
4.What can we learn from Walker’s story
A.Misfortune can tell us what fortune is.
B.You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.
C.Constant dropping wears away a stone.
D.What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据全文内容,结合第一段中“His baseball playing...and 18 hospital stays.”和倒数第二段中“Smallwood struck...a school record in the process.”可知,本文介绍了17岁男孩 Walker Smallwood 因患一种罕见的癌症不得不放弃棒球运动。他重返球场参加最后一场比赛,投出了一个无安打的球,震惊所有人,反映出了“打不倒你的会使你更强大”,故选D项。
(2025·定州高三模拟)
When it comes to lowering blood pressure,studies have typically shown that aerobic (有氧的) exercises are best.Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.
Exercises that engage muscles without movement,such as wall squats and planks,may be best for lowering blood pressure,according to a large study published in July,2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
This type of training is known as isometric exercise,according to the Mayo Clinic.Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length,and the joints involved don’t move,facilitating stability of the body.Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without,just relying on the body’s own weight.
“These findings provide a comprehensive data-driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure,” said study coauthor Dr.Jamie O’Driscoll in a news release.
The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions,lasting two or more weeks,on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants,the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training),isometric exercise, aerobic exercise,dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two,isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.
It’s also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure.These include keeping to a healthy weight,eating a balanced diet,cutting down on salt,not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.
More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training,the authors said.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明等长运动可能最适合降低血压。
5.What does the underlined part “isometric exercise” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Exercise that is done with extra weights.
B.Exercise that involves visible muscle contraction.
C.Exercise that focuses on stability of the body.
D.Exercise that engages muscles without movement.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Exercises that engage muscles...in July,2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.”可知,不用移动的肌肉锻炼可能是降血压的最佳方式,结合画线短语“This type of training”可知,这种类型的训练指的是上文中提到的“不用移动的肌肉锻炼”,由此可知,画线短语应与“不用移动的肌肉锻炼”意义相近,故选D项。
6.How did the researchers carry out the study
A.By providing statistics. B.By interviewing experts.
C.By doing experiments. D.By making comparisons.
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“From a review of 270 trials...the greatest reductions in blood pressure.”可知,此项研究是对以前的研究数据进行分析,通过比较得出的研究结论——等长运动能最大程度地降低血压,由此可知,该项实验是通过对比进行的,故选D项。
√
7.What does the author suggest the future studies about isometric exercise focus on
A.Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness.
B.Demonstrating its influences on mental health.
C.Assessing its suitability for different populations.
D.Determining its long-term impacts on blood pressure.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据尾段中的“More research...other types of training,the authors said.”可知,接下来需要更多的研究确定为什么等长运动比其他运动更能降低血压,由此可知,作者建议未来关于等长运动的研究重点是探究其有效性的原因,故选A项。
8.What is the text mainly about
A.The benefits of aerobic exercises.
B.The best exercise for blood pressure.
C.The effects of various types of exercises.
D.The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle.
√
解析　文章大意题。依据“主题句定位法”可知,首段中的“Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.”是文章的主题句。结合下文内容可知,本文介绍该项研究的研究过程。由此可知,本文主要讲述的是一项对降血压最好的运动,故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·宜昌高三模拟)
A few days before my high school ended,I was sitting in my English class.My classmates were talking about who would be the first person to shed tears at 　1　.Then,everyone looked at me,and I began to 　2　 right then and there.I am not an emotional person,but the 　3　 of leaving this place hit me hard.I never knew how much this building and the people in it 　4　 to me,until my last days.
High school isn’t for everyone,but there is something for everyone in high school.You just have to 　5　 out what your “thing” is.I 　6　 found my “thing” in high school and that was Student Government.For once I had a(n) 　7　.I served as the representative of my class,and it gave me a 　8　 to convey not only my own,but my classmates’　9　 to teachers and our school.
But there were a lot of times when I felt 　10　.I sat in the classroom looking at the clock,　11　 for the end of school day.I 　12　 the days until summer like it was my job.But now I 　13　 I could take back all of those moments.
My biggest 　14　 to anyone still in high school is to make your school a place where you want to go.High school goes by very quickly.You only get one chance to be a high schooler,so take 　15　 of it.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中毕业前的经历和感悟,表达了对离别的不舍与对高中生活的珍惜,希望高中生利用好高中的时间,实现自己的目标。
1.A.school B.graduation C.break D.random
解析　句意:同学们在讨论谁会是第一个在毕业典礼上流泪的人。school学校;graduation 毕业;毕业典礼;break 休息;random 随机。根据上文的“A few days before my high school ended,I was sitting in my English class.”可知,“我”的高中生活即将结束,因此学校要举行毕业仪式,故选B项。
√
2.A.cry B.lie C.sing D.sigh
解析　句意:然后,每个人都看着我,我就在那里哭了起来。cry 哭泣;lie 说谎;sing 唱歌;sigh 叹息。根据上文的“My classmates were talking about who would be the first person to shed tears at...”可知,“我”就在这时哭了起来,故选A项。
√
3.A.proposal B.option C.possibility D.thought
解析　句意:我不是一个情绪化的人,但是一想到要离开这个地方,我就很难受。proposal 提议;option 选项;possibility 可能性;thought 想法。根据本句中的“leaving this place hit me hard”可知,要毕业了使“我”很难受,说明“我”想到了毕业的场景,故选D项。
√
4.A.meant B.replied C.reacted D.faded
解析　句意:直到最后的日子,我才知道这栋楼和里面的人对我有多么重要。mean意味着;reply回答;react反应;fade褪色。根据上文的“leaving this place hit me hard”可知,学校对“我”来说意味着很多,故选A项。
√
5.A.bring B.figure C.cross D.carry
解析　句意:你只需要弄清楚你的“目标”是什么。bring 带来;figure 计算;cross 穿过;carry 承载。根据上文的“there is something for everyone in high school”可知,因此你要弄清楚在高中阶段想得到什么,figure out弄清楚,故选B项。
√
6.A.anxiously B.bravely C.luckily D.initially
解析　句意:我很幸运地在高中找到了我的“目标”,那就是学生会。anxiously 焦虑地;bravely 勇敢地;luckily 幸运地;initially 最初地(课标生僻词)。根据本句中的“I...found my ‘thing’ in high school and that was Student Government.”可知,“我”找到了在高中阶段想要的东西,因此“我”是幸运的,故选C项。
√
7.A.organization B.impression C.voice D.discovery
解析　句意:这一次我终于有了发言权。organization 组织;impression 印象;voice 声音,发言权(多义词);discovery 发现。根据下文的“I served as the representative of my class”可知,“我”作为班级的代表可以向学校提建议,因此“我”有发言权,故选C项。
√
8.A.benefit B.chance C.challenge D.purpose
解析　句意:我担任了班级代表,这给了我一个机会向老师和学校传达我自己和同学们的想法。benefit 好处;chance 机会;challenge 挑战;purpose目的。根据本句中的“I served as the representative of my class”可知,“我”作为班级的代表,“我”便有了机会向学校提建议,故选B项。
√
9.A.objectives B.principles C.concerns D.updates
解析　句意同上。objective 目标;principle 原则;concern 关心的问题,关注;update 更新。“I served as the representative of my class,and it gave me a...to convey not only my own”可知,“我”作为班级的代表,“我”便有了机会向学校提建议,把自己和同学们关心的问题反映给学校,故选C项。
√
10.A.disturbed B.sheltered C.alarmed D.inspired
解析　句意:但有很多时候,我感到不安。disturbed 不安的;sheltered 受庇护的;alarmed 惊恐的;inspired 得自灵感的。根据本句的but表示转折,和下文的“I sat in the classroom looking at the clock...for the end of school day.”可知,“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去,因此“我”会感到不安,故选A项。
√
11.A.applauding B.searching C.fighting D.longing
解析　句意:我坐在教室里看着时钟,渴望着一天的学习结束。applaud 鼓掌;search 搜索;fight 打斗;long渴望。根据上文的“But there were a lot of times when I felt...”及本句中的“I sat in the classroom looking at the clock,...for the end of school day.”可知,“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去,故选D项。
√
12.A.counted down B.went through
C.set aside D.put off
解析　句意:我数着日子等着夏天的到来,仿佛那是我的工作。count down 倒计时,倒着数;go through 经历;set aside 留出;put off 推迟。根据上文的“I sat in the classroom looking at the clock,...for the end of school day.”可知,“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去,因此会开始数日子,等待暑假的来临,故选A项。
√
13.A.promise B.assume C.pray D.realize
解析　句意:但现在我祈祷我可以收回所有的那些时刻。promise承诺;assume假设;pray祈祷;realize实现。根据上文的“I...the days until summer like it was my job.”及本句中的but可知,“我”希望过去数日子的事情没发生,那该有多好,因此祈祷能追回那些日子,故选C项。
√
14.A.support B.advice C.rule D.warning
解析　句意:我对还在上高中的人最大的建议是,让你的学校成为你想去的地方。support 支持;advice 建议;rule 规则;warning警告。根据本句中的“make your school a place where you want to go”可知,“我”通过自身的经历给高中生提建议:让你的学校成为你想去的地方,故选B项。
√
15.A.account B.notice C.control D.advantage
解析　句意:你只有一次成为高中生的机会,所以要好好利用它。account 账户;notice 注意;control 控制;advantage 优势。根据本句中的“You only get one chance to be a high schooler”可知,机会只有一次,因此“我”建议高中生利用好这段时间,故选D项。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·六安一中高三模拟)
The changes in the sounds of oceans affect many marine (海洋的) animals,1.　　　　　　 very small fishes to huge whales.Fishes and other marine animals use the sounds they catch underwater 2.
(communicate) with each other,and the sounds also help some animals find food and avoid dangerous 3.　　　　　　 (hunt).However,the increasing noise from shipping traffic and underwater oil and gas exploration is making it 4.　　　　　　 hard thing for these animals to hear each other.
The Red Sea,one of the world’s most important waterways,
5.　　　　　　 (pack) with large ships traveling to Asia,Europe,and Africa.Some fishes and other animals now avoid the noisiest areas.In addition,the overall number of marine animals 6.　　　　　　 (go) down significantly since 1970.
Experts examine articles 7.　　　　　　 (document) changes in the volume and frequency of noise in the world’s oceans.Then they put together a picture of when the ocean changes began,how the oceans are changing 8.　　　　　　 how marine life is affected.They state that influence is extremely 9.　　　　　　 (notice) when“a noise is at the same frequency and volume as 10.　　　　　　 (biological) important sounds,such as calls signaling danger.”
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人类活动给海洋环境带来了越来越多的噪声,这影响了一些海洋动物的生存。
1.from　［考查介词。从非常小的鱼到巨大的鲸鱼,许多海洋动物都受到海洋的声音变化的影响。此处为from...to...“从……到……”固定搭配,故填from。]
2.to communicate　［考查非谓语动词。鱼类和其他海洋动物利用它们在水下捕捉到的声音相互交流,这些声音也有助于一些海洋动物寻找食物并避开危险的狩猎者。use sth to do sth“利用某物做某事”,故填to communicate。]
3.hunters　［考查词性转换和名词的数。根据空前的“avoid dangerous”可知,空处应用名词作宾语;hunter“狩猎者,猎人”为可数名词,结合语境可知,此处应用其复数形式,故填hunters。]
4.a　［考查冠词。然而,不断增加的由航运交通和水下石油和天然气勘探产生的噪声让这些动物很难听到彼此的声音。此处泛指一件困难的事,应用不定冠词,故填a。]
5.is packed　［考查时态语态和主谓一致。红海是世界上最重要的航道之一,挤满了前往亚洲、欧洲和非洲的大型船只。The Red Sea为单数概念,与pack“挤进,涌进,塞满,挤满”之间是被动关系,且文章主体时态是一般现在时,故填is packed。]
6.has gone　［考查时态和主谓一致。句中的“since 1970”为现在完成时的标志词,主语为“the overall number of marine animals”,中心词是number,因此谓语动词用单数形式,故填has gone。]
7.documenting　［考查非谓语动词。专家们研究了记录世界海洋噪声响度和频率变化的文章。空处在句中作非谓语,document“记录,记载”与articles之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用动词-ing形式,故填documenting。]
8.and　［考查并列连词。然后,他们拼凑出一幅图画,该图画描绘了海洋变化何时开始,海洋如何变化,以及海洋生物如何受到影响。“when the ocean changes began”,“how the oceans are changing”和“how marine life is affected”是并列成分,故填and。]
9.noticeable　［考查词性转换。他们指出,当“一种噪声与生物学上重要的声音,例如预示危险的动物叫声,处于相同的频率和响度”时,影响非常明显。空处应用形容词作表语,故填noticeable。]
10.biologically　［考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词important,应用副词形式,故填biologically。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:surgery n.手术;treatment n.治疗;Para.2:competitive adj.竞争的;Para.3:approach v.接近;Para.5:solid adj.可靠的;
Para.6:cherish v.珍惜;competitor n.竞争者
B Para.2:movement n.运动;Para.3:length n.长度;joint n.关节;
Para.4:framework n.框架;guideline n.指南;
Para.5:controlled adj.控制的;intervention n.干预;
Para.6:lifestyle n.生活方式
熟词生义 A Para.6:stand　熟义:v.站立;生义:n.看台
B Para.6:note　熟义:n.笔记;生义:v.注意
词 块 积 累 A Para.2:day in and day out日复一日;warm up热身;
Para.5:more than超过;end up doing最终做某事;
Para.6:in tears流泪
B Para.1:when it comes to说到,当提到;Para.2:according to根据;Para.3:rely on依靠;
Para.5:look into调查;Para.6:cut down on减少
长 难 句 式 A Para.6:He’s actually fine with that now because who needs a World Series ring when you’ve already taken on your greatest competitor and gone undefeated.
[分析]　这是一个复合句。主句He’s actually fine with that now是一个“主系表”结构,because引导原因状语从句,其中嵌套了一个when引导的让步状语从句。
[译文]　现在他对此感到满意,既然你已经面对了最大的竞争对手并且保持不败,谁还需要世界系列赛的冠军戒指呢
长 难 句 式 B Para.5:The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions,lasting two or more weeks,on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.
[分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为主谓宾结构“The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials”;关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰trails;lasting two or more weeks作后置定语,修饰exercise interventions。
[译文]　研究人员调查了从1990年到2023年2月间报告了持续两周或更长时间的锻炼干预对血压影响的随机对照试验。

展开更多......

收起↑