资源简介

选择性必修第一册　Unit 2　The universal language
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.symphony n.　　 交响乐,交响曲
2.heaven n. 极乐之地
3.volume n. 音量,响度;体积,容积,容量;量,额
4.lane n. (乡间)小路;小巷;车道;跑道;航线
5.rhythm n. 节奏,韵律,律动;规律
6.tune n. 曲调,曲子
vt. 调音;调频道;调整
7.rural adj. 乡村的,农村的
8.breeze n. 微风,和风
9.chorus n. 合唱曲;副歌;合唱团
10.solar adj. 太阳的;太阳能的
11.vast adj. 大量的,辽阔的,巨大的
12.complicated adj. 复杂的,难懂的
13.reputation n. 名誉,名声
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.deserve to be heard　　 值得一听
2.whisper to the audience 向听众耳语
3.weep bitterly 痛苦地哭泣
4.be overcome with sorrow 悲痛欲绝
5.stare at the sky for a long time 长时间地盯着天空
6.His unusual behaviour upset his father.
他的反常行为使他父亲感到烦恼。
7.grab her arm and drag her back 抓住她的胳膊把她拽回来
8.stream into a theatre 涌入一家剧院
9.a brilliant and extraordinary genius一个聪颖而杰出的天才
10.never abandon hope 从未放弃希望
11.pass the examination with ease 轻松地通过了考试
12.be fond of folk songs 喜欢民歌
13.a very grand occasion 一个非常隆重的场面
14.the guarantee of success 成功的保证
15.look upset 看起来难过
16.flow of traffic 车流
17.sweep the floor 清扫地板
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.compose vt.& vi.　 作曲;组成,撰写;使镇静
composer n. 作曲家,作曲者
composition n. 成分;组成;作品;作曲
2.drama n. 戏剧;戏剧文学
dramatic adj. 激动人心的,引人注目的;突然的;戏剧的;夸张的
3.transform vt.& vi. (使)变形,(使)改观,(使)转化
transformation n. (彻底的)变化,改观,转变,改革
4.combine vt.& vi. (使)融合;(使)结合,(使)混合;兼做;合并
combination n. 结合体,联合体;联合,混合
5.surround vt. 围绕;环绕;(使)包围,围住
surroundings n. 周围,环境
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的
6.adapt vt.& vi. 使适应,使适合;适应
vt. 改编;改写
adaptation n. 改编本,改写本;适应
adaptable adj. 有适应能力的,能适应的
7.defend vt.& vi. 保护,防御;辩白,辩解
defense/defence n. 防御;保护;保卫;辩解;辩护
8.greet vt. 问候,欢迎,招呼
greeting n. 问候,招呼;
(pl.) 祝词;贺词
9.suit vt. 对……方便;合身;适合;适宜
n. 套装,西装
suitable adj. 合适的,适宜的,适当的,适用的
10.distant adj. 遥远的,远处的,久远的;冷淡的;远亲的
distance n. 距离;间距;遥远;冷淡;疏远
11.breath n. 呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气;微量,迹象
breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸
vi. 透气
12.company n. 公司;陪伴
companion n. 伙伴,同伴
accompany vt. 陪同,陪伴;伴随;与……同时发生;为……伴奏
13.expect vt. 预料;预计;等待;期待;盼望;指望
vt. & vi. 猜想;认为;料想
expectation n. 希望,盼望;预料,预期;期望,指望
unexpected adj. 出乎意料的,意外的
unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地
14.remark n. 谈论;言论
vt.& vi. 说起;谈论;评论
remarkable adj. 非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的
remarkably adv. 惊人地
15.enthusiastic adj. 热情的,热心的
enthusiasm n. 热情;热心;热忱;热衷的事物;激发热情的事物
enthusiastically adv. 热情地,热心地
16.gift n. 礼物;天赋;赠品
gifted adj. 有才华的,有天赋的
17.predict vt. 预言;预告;预报
prediction n. 预言,预测
predictable adj. 可预料的;可预见的
18.depress vt. 使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气
depression n. 抑郁;沮丧;消沉;萧条期;经济衰退
depressed adj. 抑郁的;沮丧的;意志消沉的
depressing adj. 令人沮丧的;令人抑郁的
19.possess vt. 具有(特质);拥有;支配,控制
possession n. 具有;拥有;个人财产;私人物品;控球状态
20.vary vi. 变化
variation n. 变奏,变奏曲;变化,变更;变体,变种
varied adj. 各种各样的;多变的
various adj. 不同的;各种各样的
variety n. 变化;多样性;种类
21.sorrow n. 悲伤,悲痛;伤心事
sorrowful adj. 伤心的
22.desperate adj. 绝望的;不惜冒险的;极其需要的;极严重的
desperately adv. 绝望地;极其
desperation n. 绝望;铤而走险;拼命
despair n. 绝望
vi. 绝望;失去希望
23.please vt. 使满意;使愉快
pleased adj. 高兴的;满意的
pleasant adj. 令人愉快的,可喜的;友好的,和善的
pleasure n. 愉快;乐事
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.for good measure　 作为额外增添
2.all of a sudden 突然,猛地
3.with ease 轻松地,不费力地
4.tear apart 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开
5.rely on 依赖,依靠;信任
6.throw in 奉送,额外赠送
7.consist of 由……组成(或构成)
8.turn out 最后是,结果是
9.be well received 深受欢迎
10.be capable of doing sth 能够做某事;有能力做某事
11.stream into 不断涌进;源源不断地流入
12.break into 突然开始(做某事);闯入;破门而入
13.be unaware of 不知道;没有察觉到
14.take in 接收;领会
15.get down to (doing) sth 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.When the two lovers,Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai,first meet,the music is light and pleasant,as if whispering to the audience. (环境描写,状语从句的省略)
梁山伯和祝英台,这对恋人初次见面时,音乐轻快悦耳,仿佛在向听众耳语。
2.Angry and sad,Liang falls sick and dies. [情绪描写,形容词(短语)作状语]
梁山伯悲愤交加,染病而亡。
3.I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio,holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song. (动作链,分词短语作状语)
我把音量调大,站在那里盯着收音机,屏住呼吸,等待这首歌的第一串音符。
4.Before him,he saw a sea of people all standing,clapping,and waving their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork. (动作链,see+宾语+宾补)
他看见眼前的人海全部起立,有的鼓掌,有的挥舞帽子和手帕,表达着他们对他的杰作的赞赏。
5.By the time he was a teenager,he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician. (人物描写,by the time)
到他十几岁的时候,他已享有杰出的年轻音乐家的声誉。
6.He was so upset that,at first,he wanted to keep it a secret. (心理描写,so...that...)
他痛苦不堪,以至于起初只想尽力隐瞒。
词汇横拓串记
聚焦后缀 er表示人的名词 “悲喜交加”名词集锦 all相关短语荟萃
①compose→composer作曲家 ②advise→adviser顾问 ③examine→examiner主考人,监考员 ④observe→observer观察者 ⑤research→researcher研究者 ⑥perform→performer表演者 ①sorrow悲伤;悲痛 ②sadness悲伤;难过 ③shock震惊;难过 ④depression沮丧;抑郁 ⑤happiness高兴 ⑥pleasure愉快 ①all of a sudden突然 ②all the best一切顺利 ③all the same尽管如此 ④all in all总而言之 ⑤all at once立刻;马上 ⑥above all首先;最重要的是
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.Beethoven’s Symphony No.9 贝多芬的《第九交响曲》
2.be in good tune 音调准确
3.peaceful rural life 宁静的乡村生活
4.the Temple of Heaven 天坛
5.grow like a breeze 像微风般成长
6.a chorus of shouts 齐声发出喊叫
7.a lane in the countryside 乡村小道
8.strong rhythm 节奏感强
9.sort of complicated 有点复杂
10.have a good reputation 有一个好名声
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.whisper vi.& vt. 耳语,低语;私下说;沙沙作响
n. 低语;轻柔的声音;传言
2.weep vi.& vt.(wept,wept) 哭泣,流泪
3.overcome vt. (overcame, overcome) 受到……的极大影响;克服,解决;战胜
4.unusual adj. 特别的,不寻常的;独特的,与众不同的
5.deserve vt. 值得,应得
6.abandon vt. 中止,放弃,不再有;抛弃;舍弃
7.guarantee vt. 保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修
n. 保证,担保;保修单
8.extraordinary adj. 不寻常的,非凡的;意想不到的,令人惊奇的
9.ease n. 容易,轻易;舒适,安逸
vi.& vt. (使)宽慰,减轻
10.brilliant adj. 聪颖的,技艺高的;巧妙的;很成功的;明亮的
11.genius n. 天赋,天资;天才
12.stare vi. 盯着看,凝视,注视
n. 盯,凝视,注视
13.grab vt.& vi. 吸引;抓住;赶紧,抓紧
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.compose vt.& vi. 作曲;组成;撰写;使镇静
composer n. 作曲家,作曲者
composition n. 成分;组成;作品;作曲
2.expect vt. 预料;预计;等待;期待;盼望;指望
vt. & vi. 猜想;认为;料想
expectation n. 希望,盼望;预料,预期;期望,指望
unexpected adj. 出乎意料的,意外的
unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地
3.transform vt.& vi. (使)变形,(使)改观, (使)转化
transformation n. (彻底的)变化,改观,转变,改革
4.combine vt.& vi. (使)融合;(使)结合, (使)混合;兼做;合并
combination n. 结合体,联合体;联合,混合
5.surround vt. 围绕;环绕;(使)包围,围住
surroundings n. 周围,环境
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的
6.adapt vt.& vi. 使适应,使适合;适应
vt. 改编;改写
adaptation n. 改编本,改写本;适应
adaptable adj. 有适应能力的,能适应的
7.company n. 公司;陪伴
companion n. 伙伴,同伴
accompany vt. 陪同,陪伴;伴随;与……同时发生;为……伴奏
8.remark n. 谈论;言论
vt.& vi. 说起;谈论;评论
remarkable adj. 非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的
remarkably adv. 惊人地
9.possess vt. 具有(特质);拥有;支配,控制
possession n. 具有;拥有;个人财产;私人物品;控球状态
10.gift n. 礼物;天赋;赠品
gifted adj. 有才华的,有天赋的
11.breath n. 呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气;微量,迹象
breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸
vi. 透气
12.predict vt. 预言;预告;预报
prediction n. 预言,预测
predictable adj. 可预料的;可预见的
13.depress vt. 使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气
depression n. 抑郁;沮丧;消沉;萧条期;经济衰退
depressed adj. 抑郁的;沮丧的;意志消沉的
depressing adj. 令人沮丧的;令人抑郁的
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.tear apart 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开
2.rely on 依赖,依靠;信任
3.be unaware of 不知道;没有察觉到
4.be capable of doing sth 能够做某事;有能力做某事
5.consist of 由……组成(或构成)
6.get down to (doing) sth 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事
7.stream into 不断涌进;源源不断地流入
8.turn out 最后是,结果是
9.with ease 轻松地,不费力地
10.take in 接收;领会
11.all of a sudden 突然,猛地
12.break into 突然开始(做某事);闯入;破门而入
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:so...that...
The mountain was so high that it took us several hours to reach the top.
山太高了,我们花了几个小时才到达山顶。
2.句型公式:状语从句的省略
While applying for a job, you should highlight the parts of your experience that are related to the job.
在申请工作时,你应该突出你的经验中与这个工作相关的部分。
3.句型公式:形容词(短语)作状语
Glad/Delighted to know that you show great interest in Chinese paintings,I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition being hosted in our school.
很高兴得知你对中国画很感兴趣,我写信真诚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举行的展览。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.Abandoned by his owner,the little dog was leading a miserable life.
2.We aren’t capable of guaranteeing that our flights will never be delayed.
3.We all consider my father as a genius,for he is gifted in repairing everything.
4.He stared at them for the longest time before answering.
5.Her determination to overcome her fears and limitations was truly inspiring.
6.The advice deserves support as it gives priority to the needs of children.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.As a famous pop star,he loves being surrounded by so many fans coming to visit him from the surrounding cities.And he also likes beautiful surroundings with green trees and flowers. (surround)
2.On hearing the depressing news,he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression. (depress)
3.My daughter is very adaptable and I’m sure that she will adapt herself to the new school and now she is watching a film which is an adaptation from a real person. (adapt)
4.He expected that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke,but beyond his expectations nobody laughed. (expect)
5.Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to become a Beethoven.And most of his classmates envy his gift. (gift)
6.He predicted that a hurricane was on the way but nobody believed his prediction. (predict)
Ⅲ.短语填空
consist of　 break into　 all of a sudden
with ease　 turn out　get down to (doing) sth
1.Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers breaking into your house.
2.Thanks to your timely help,we were able to finish the work with ease.
3.I have learned that the exhibition consists of dozens of masterpieces painted by Chinese famous artists.
4.There is not much time left.Let’s get down to discussing the plan.
5.It turns out that just looking at green,growing things can reduce stress and put people into a better mood.
6.The dog barked at me all of a sudden,but I drove it away with my umbrella.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was born in a family which 1.consists(consist) of four members:my parents,my brother Tom and me.My brother and I were brought up in pleasant 2.surroundings(surround).Tom is gifted 3.in maths,and enthusiastic about helping others.Whenever our neighbors need help,they can rely on 4.it that Tom will never turn them down,so he earns a good reputation.A few days ago,my brother 5.accompanied(accompany) me at home.I met a complicated maths problem,6.so I asked him for help.He stared at the problem for a few seconds and got down to 7.figuring(figure) it out.8.What upset me was that he also couldn’t work it out.“I can’t abandon it,” he whispered to himself.He took a deep breath and noticed an arch in the house.All of a sudden,he got 9.inspiration(inspire) and solved the maths problem with ease,which was 10.uplifting(uplift).“You are a genius.I admire you,” I told him gladly.
1.deserve vt.值得,应得(deserving adj.值得的;应得的)
佳句背诵　
What deserved to be mentioned most was the theme of the reading day—Reading Chinese Classics and Inheriting Chinese Culture.
最值得一提的是阅读日的主题——阅读中国经典和继承中国文化。
deserve to be done/doing ……值得被做
deserve to do sth 应该做某事;值得做某事
deserve attention/consideration/respect/praise
值得注意/考虑/尊敬/表扬
[点拨]　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同。类似用法的词还有:need,require,be worth等。
以练促学　单句写作
①As far as I am concerned,students’ feedback concerning the Spoken English class deserves consideration/to be considered/considering. (观点态度,2023·上海1月卷)
就我而言,同学们对英语口语课的反馈值得考虑。
②We deserve to win the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck. (主旨升华)
我们应该通过我们的共同努力而不是运气来赢得比赛。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Satisfied, he gave me a thumbs up,praised me a lot for my honesty and also thanked me for the tip, but I told him that he deserved it. (情绪+动作描写,2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
他很满意,对我竖起大拇指,称赞我的诚实,也感谢我给的小费,但我告诉他这是他应得的。
2.guarantee vt.保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修 n.保证,担保;保修单
佳句背诵　
Such a tasty breakfast was guaranteed to make their mom joyful on Mother’s Day.
这样一顿美味的早餐肯定会让他们的妈妈在母亲节快乐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
guarantee to do sth/that... 保证做某事/确保……
be guaranteed to do sth 肯定/必定会做某事
guarantee sb sth 保证某人某事
give sb a guarantee (that)... 向某人保证……
under guarantee 在保修期内
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The car is less than a year old,so it is still under guarantee,which is a relief for us.
②Do guarantee to behave yourself when invited to your Chinese friend’s home. (建议信)
被邀请到中国朋友家做客时,一定要保证自己举止得体。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③ From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed (guarantee) to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. (2024·全国甲卷)
3.accompany vt.陪同,陪伴;伴随,与……同时发生;为……伴奏→companion n.伙伴,同伴→
company n.陪伴;公司
佳句背诵　
The destruction of the rain forest ecology seems inevitable, accompanied by air pollution and global warming and so on. (环境保护)
由于空气污染和全球变暖等原因,雨林生态的破坏似乎是不可避免。
accompany sb to... 陪某人去……
be accompanied by... 在……的陪同下
accompany sb at/on sth 用某物为某人伴奏
keep sb company=accompany sb 陪伴某人
以练促学　单句语法填空
①These meals are always accompanied (accompany) by laughter and joy. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②I approve of your accompanying him to Beijing,but please be careful.
教考衔接　单句写作
③For the 10th Anniversary of Youth, as a fan of Youth, I want to share my reading experience.Youth has accompanied me throughout my high school years. (短文投稿,2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
作为Youth的一个粉丝,在她十周年之际,我想分享一下我的阅读体验。她陪伴我度过了整个高中时光。
4.expectation n.希望,盼望;预料,预期;期望,指望→expect vt.预料;预计;等待;盼望 vt. & vi.猜想;认为;料想→unexpected adj.出乎意料的,意外的→unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
佳句背诵　
The exciting result was completely beyond my expectations, which made me confused and uneasy. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这个令人兴奋的结果完全出乎我的意料,这让我感到困惑和不安。
beyond (sb’s) expectations 出乎(某人的)意料
live up to/meet one’s expectations 达到某人的期望,如某人所愿
expect (sb) to do sth 期待(某人)做某事
be expected to do sth 预计做某事;被期待做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①If assigned together, the pair would stare at each other in silence without any expected (expect)good performance. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②David tried his best to run on the track to live up to our expectations.At last,he managed to pass the finishing line,which was beyond our expectations.He is expected to be more outstanding in the future. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
为了不辜负我们的期望,大卫竭尽全力在跑道上跑。最终他成功跨过终点线,这出乎我们的意料。他有望在将来变得更优秀。
教考衔接　单句写作
③On my flight back home, I reflected on this unexpected but significant encounter, which left me in deep thought.Gunter’s simple act inspires me to carry forward the spirit of trust. (主旨升华,2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
在回家的航班上,我反思了这次意外但重要的邂逅,它让我陷入沉思,冈特的简单举动激励着我要继续往下传递信任。
5.upset adj.难过的,失望的 vt.(upset,upset,upsetting)使烦恼;搅乱;打翻
佳句背诵　
I was upset to find that my pumpkin had been upset by my brother. (情绪描写,2021·浙江1月卷)
我难过地发现我的南瓜被我的弟弟打翻了。
be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦
be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安
What upsets sb is... 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb to do sth/that... 做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
以练促学　单句写作/同义句转换
①As far as I’m concerned,there is no need to be upset about the matter. (慰问信)
就我看来,没有必要为此事难过。
②I was upset that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital. (2022·浙江1月卷)
→What upset me was that/It upset me that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.
教考衔接　单句写作
③Upset and depressed,I even wanted to drop out of the writing contest halfway and it was my teacher who motivated me to stick to my goal until I succeeded. (心理描写,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
既心烦又沮丧,我甚至想中途退出写作比赛,是我的老师激励我坚持我的目标,直到我成功。
片段巩固 用deserve;guarantee; accompany;expectation;upset完成片段
写作提示:没人能保证一切顺利→面对困难,朋友会陪伴我们并给我们力量→但结果未达预期时我们会感到沮丧→坚信:挫折只是暂时的,我们都应拥有幸福生活
　　No one can guarantee that everything will go smoothly. When we face difficulties,our friends can accompany us and give us strength. However, if our results don’t meet our expectations, we might get upset. But we should remember that setbacks are just temporary and we all deserve a happy life.
6.whisper vi.& vt.耳语,低语;私下说;沙沙作响 n.低语;轻柔的声音;传言
佳句背诵　
The message reached me like a gentle whisper carried by the wind. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这消息就像风中轻柔的低语传到我身边。
whisper sth to sb 对某人低声说某事
whisper (to sb) that... 低声(对某人)说……
in a whisper/in whispers 低声地
以练促学　单句写作
①Deeply affected by my little daughter,I whispered to myself,“Bravery was the most significant quality.” (语言描写)
受到小女儿的深深影响,我低声对自己说:“勇敢是最重要的品质。”
教考衔接　单句写作
②Shocked and proud,their mother said in a sweet whisper, “Thanks, my kids.” (情绪+动作描写,2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
既震惊又自豪,他们的母亲温柔地轻声说:“谢谢,我的孩子们。”
7.abandon vt.中止,放弃,不再有;抛弃;舍弃 n.放任;放纵→abandoned adj.被遗弃的,放纵的
佳句背诵　
At the party,people sang and danced with abandon,totally forgetting the troubles in their lives. (动作描写)
聚会上,人们尽情地唱歌、跳舞,完全忘记了生活中的烦恼。
abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to... 沉湎于……
with abandon 放纵地;尽情地
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I went past the abandoned (abandon) milking house to see if they had fixed the broken window. (2023·浙江1月卷)
②His last word went like a bullet to her heart.She burst into tears and abandoned herself to despair.(情绪描写)
他最后一句话太扎心了。她大哭起来,陷入绝望。
教考衔接　句式升级
③We all respect her because she always abandons herself to new teaching methods. (人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
→Abandoning herself to new teaching methods,she wins our respect. (现在分词短语作状语)
8.overcome vt.受到……的极大影响;克服,解决;战胜
佳句背诵　
Faced with so many new things to learn,he was overcome by/with fear and was at a loss what to do. (心理描写)
面对这么多要学的新东西,他感到恐惧,不知道该做什么。
be overcome by/with 被……(某种情绪)控制;受到……的极大影响
overcome one’s shyness/fear(s)/panic 克服某人的羞怯/恐惧
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was overcome by/with sadness because I was suspected of stealing his money.
②“We all appreciate your determination to overcome the challenges,” I looked at his face and said gently.
“我们都欣赏你克服挑战的决心。”我看着他的脸温柔地说道。
教考衔接　单句写作
③It is owing to your encouragement that I can overcome my internal panic to challenge myself in the cross country run. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
正是因为您的鼓励,我才能够克服内心的恐惧,在越野赛中挑战自我。
9.rely on依赖,依靠;信任
佳句背诵　
You can rely on it that my introduction can deepen visitors’ understanding of traditional Chinese culture.(申请信)　你可以相信我的介绍会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。
rely on (doing) sth 依赖/指望(做)某事
rely on sb to do sth 指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on it that... 相信……;指望……
[点拨]　当depend/rely on,appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like等词后接宾语从句时,一般先加形式宾语it,再接宾语从句。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①We would appreciate it if you could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in the show.
②These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.
现在,我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。
教考衔接　单句写作
③He is admitted as a living Lei Feng and obviously,you can rely/depend on it that he will come to your aid whenever necessary. (人物介绍,2023·天津3月卷)
他被认为是一个活雷锋,很明显,你可以相信他会在你需要的时候帮助你。
片段巩固 用whisper;abandon;overcome;rely on完成片段
写作提示:面临挑战→向他人私下诉说,但不依赖→同时不轻易放弃梦想→克服困难,为目标而努力
　　In our life journey, we often face various challenges. Sometimes, we might want to whisper our fear and doubts to someone we trust but don’t always rely on others for help.Meanwhile, we should never abandon our dreams easily. We need to overcome difficulties with determination and courage and strive for our goals.
1. 句型公式:形容词(短语)作状语
课本原句:Angry and sad,Liang falls sick and dies.梁山伯悲愤交加,染病而亡。
佳句背诵　
Surprised and overjoyed a great deal,Jane held her husband tightly and told him how much she loved him.
简又惊又喜,紧紧地抱着丈夫,告诉他她有多爱他。
(1)形容词(短语)作状语常用来说明句子主语所处的状态,即常和主语构成系表关系。
(2)形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式或伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。
以练促学　句式升级/单句写作
①They were excited and moved,so they wept and hugged each other. (情绪描写)
→Excited and moved,they wept and hugged each other. (形容词作状语)
②Cold,hungry and alone,I looked at the miserable garden,wondering about my future here.　我又冷又饿,孤身一人,望着那凄凉的花园,思索着我在这里的未来。
教考衔接　句式升级
③Because they are addicted to online games,many teenagers find it difficult to focus on their learning. (发言稿,2021·全国乙卷)
→Addicted to online games,many teenagers find it difficult to focus on their learning. (形容词短语作状语)
2.句型公式:see+宾语+宾补
课本原句:Before him,he saw a sea of people all standing,clapping,and waving their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork.他看见眼前的人海全部起立,有的鼓掌,有的挥舞帽子和手帕,表达着他们对这部杰作的赞赏。
佳句背诵　
If you watch long enough,you will see many problems settled in this way.
如果你观察的时间足够长,你会发现很多问题都是用这种方式解决的。
(1)see sb do sth “看见某人做了某事”,强调动作的全过程
(2)see sb doing sth “看见某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行
(3)see sth done “看见某事被做”,强调动作的被动和完成
[点拨]　能用于该结构的动词(短语)还有hear、watch、notice、listen to、observe、feel、find等。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
Every evening would find them locked (lock) away in the music room, my brother on guitar.
②While walking in the street,I noticed him bitten by a dog.
在街上散步时,我注意到他被一只狗咬了。
③The wolf failed to get the prey.We saw it disappearing into the woods.
狼没能抓住猎物,我们看到它消失在树林里。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
④My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading (head) towards the motorway.I ran desperately but failed to catch up. (2020·浙江7月卷)
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.There was a distant look in her eyes;her mind was obviously on something else. adj.心不在焉的,恍惚的
2.He doesn’t have the courage to go against the stream of public opinion. n.潮流
3.Several factors combined to depress the housing market. vt.使萧条,削弱
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.guarantee vt.保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修 n.保证,担保;保修单
①Consistent,hard work will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is. vt.保证,担保
②He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again. n.保证,担保
③They offered a two year guarantee on all their electrical goods,which surprised many customers. n.保修单
2.upset adj.难过的,失望的 vt.使烦恼;搅乱;打翻
①Don’t upset yourself about it—let’s just forget it ever happened. vt.使烦恼
②She stood up suddenly,upsetting a glass of wine. vt. 打翻
③Seeing the mess in the kitchen,he immediately understood what had happened,but he wasn’t upset. adj.难过的,失望的
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Hugging me in his warmest arms, he added,“As expected (expect), you really can make a good shot!” (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned (abandon). (2022·全国乙卷)
3.Apparently,combining (combine) my job with my little children is rather difficult for me.
4.All the candidates guaranteed to boost (boost) economy and care about civilians’ welfare in the election.
5.Our company’s adaptation (adapt) to shifting consumer tastes has been a great success.
6.Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams with ease.
7.I think the gifted composer who is constantly making efforts deserves to get (get) respect from all of us.
8.All the staff rely on it that the new strategy will generate profits for the company.
9.I am so upset to hear (hear) that his father hasn’t recovered from the operation.
10.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school unless accompanied (accompany) by an adult.
维度三　完成句子
1.Therefore, I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting if necessary.
因此,如果必要的话,我可以解释中国画的相关信息。
2.By the time she was seven years old, she still couldn’t speak, read or write.
她七岁时,仍不会说话,不能读书也不会写字。
3.If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day,you can improve your written English with ease.
如果你每天坚持用英语写日记,你会很容易提高你的书面英语。
4.I am capable of perfectly organizing the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this city.
我有能力很好地组织将在这个城市举办的中国画展览。
5.The boy,totally unaware of the severe result of his movement,approached the wolf boldly.
那个男孩完全没有意识到他的举动会造成严重的后果,大胆地向狼走去。
6.The core of Chinese traditional virtues consists of respecting parents, staying honest and faithful, working diligently and hard.
中国传统美德的核心是尊敬父母,诚实守信,勤奋努力。
Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练(邀请信——中国古典音乐会)
假定你是李华,你校将在下周五举行“中国古典音乐会”。你的英国朋友Sam对中国古典音乐很感兴趣,请给他写一封邮件邀请他观看,内容包括:
1.演出时间、内容;
2.邀请观看。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①听到我们学校要举办中国古典音乐会的好消息,我非常想邀请你来参加。(desperate,on doing...,同位语从句)
On hearing the good news that our school will hold a Chinese classical music concert,I’m desperate to invite you to attend it.
②该音乐会将于下周五下午4点在我校举行,旨在激发学生对中国古典音乐的热情。 (enthusiastic,定语从句)
The concert whose aim is to inspire students to be enthusiastic about Chinese classical music is scheduled to be held in our school at 4 pm next Friday.
③这场非凡的音乐会由两部分组成,第一部分是古典音乐的合唱。(remarkable,consist of,“介词+which”引导定语从句)
The remarkable concert consists of two parts,the first part of which is the chorus of classical music.
④一些在古典音乐方面有天赋的老师和学生将进行精彩的表演。 (gifted,形容词短语作定语)
Some teachers and students gifted in classical music will give wonderful performances.
⑤毫无疑问,这场音乐会将不辜负你的期望,并帮助你深入了解中国古典音乐之美。 (expectation,同位语从句)
There is no doubt that the music festival will live up to your expectations and help you gain a deep insight into the beauty of Chinese classical music.
⑥这场振奋人心的音乐会对你来说是一个非常好的机会,你不能错过它。我期待着你的参与。 (uplifting,so...that...)
The uplifting concert is so great a chance for you that you can’t miss it.I’m looking forward to your participation.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
Dear Sam,
On hearing the good news that our school will hold a Chinese classical music concert,I’m desperate to invite you to attend it.
The concert whose aim is to inspire students to be enthusiastic about Chinese classical music is scheduled to be held in our school at 4 pm next Friday.The remarkable concert consists of two parts,the first part of which is the chorus of classical music.After that,some teachers and students gifted in classical music will give wonderful performances.There is no doubt that the music festival will live up to your expectations and help you gain a deep insight into the beauty of Chinese classical music.
The uplifting concert is so great a chance for you that you can’t miss it.I’m looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:一名四年级教师首次遇见鲍比时,鲍比穿着破旧且尺寸不合身的衣服,行为举止也与众不同,甚至连基本的字母都不认识。这名教师对鲍比感到无法接受,于是检查了他的档案,却发现鲍比智商正常,但生活背景复杂。一次,鲍比被同学欺负,衣服被撕破,鼻子流血,教师为此训斥了其他学生。
场景续写1:
那个事件改变了“我”对鲍比的感觉→意识到老师不仅要教学术,还要满足学生的需求→给鲍比买了一些漂亮的衣服,希望他不再被嘲笑→他兴奋而感激地感谢了“我”→一股被信任的感觉涌上“我”的心头→“我”提出在放学之前辅导他做作业
That incident changed how I felt about Bobby.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
场景续写2:
因为新衣服和额外的关注,鲍比发生了令人惊讶的变化→开始与“我”进行短暂的眼神交流并且表现得很好→“我”不再害怕去工作,甚至期待早上在走廊里看到他→随着“我”对他态度的改变,其他学生也改变了态度,将他纳入集体中→意识到:只要给予更多的关注和爱,每个孩子都应该有机会改变
It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
That incident changed how I felt about Bobby.Witnessing a little boy in desperate need of care and help,I realized not only should a teacher teach academics but also meet the needs of the students! I bought Bobby some nice clothes,with which he wouldn’t be teased any more.Thrilled and grateful,he said“Thanks,Miss!” with glittering tears in his eyes like stars.A surge of being trusted wrapped me,and I offered to help him with his homework before school.
It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention.Coming out of his shell,he started making brief eye contact with me and performed properly,through which I found he really was a likeable child.I no longer dreaded going to work,and even looked forward to seeing him coming down the hallway in the morning.Afterwards,as my attitude toward him changed,so did the other students.They stopped picking on him and included him as a part of the group.Through this event,I realized that,just give more attention and love,and every child deserves a chance to change.
　　(2024·全国甲卷阅读B)
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you’re able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry,it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However,when a cat is looking for affection,they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses,but their sense of smell is quite impressive.They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax.However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like.
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that’s been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物).Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it!
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了猫的生活习性,它们通过叫声和行为来表达情感和需求。
24.What can be learned about cats’ meowing from the first paragraph
A.It’s a survival skill.
B.It’s taught by mother cats.
C.It’s hard to interpret.
D.It’s getting louder with age.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,猫通过不同的叫声来表达自己的需求,如觅食、表达情感需求或吸引母亲注意力等,表明猫的叫声是一种生存技能,故选A项。]
25.How does a pet cat assess different situations
A.By listening for sounds.
B.By touching familiar objects.
C.By checking on smells.
D.By communicating with other cats.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,猫通过嗅觉来评估环境并寻找危险的迹象,它们会在选择放松的地方之前嗅闻特定区域。因此,猫是通过嗅觉来评估不同的情况的,故选C项。]
26.Which best explains the phrase “take...up a notch” in paragraph 3
A.Perform appropriately.
B.Move faster.
C.Act strangely.
D.Do better.
答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.”以及接下来的描述可知,猫通过找到物品并带回给主人来表示爱意,这种行为比狗的取物行为要更上一层楼,即做得更好,故选D项。]
27.What is a suitable title for the text
A.Tips on Finding a Smart Cat
B.Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior
C.Have Fun with Your Cat
D.How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
答案　B　[标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了猫的叫声和行为及其背后的原因,能够帮助读者更好地理解猫的习性,因此最合适的标题是“理解你的猫的行为”,故选B项。]
思维建模
说明文的6个文体特点
1.行文结构:总体叙述+细节或过程说明+概括评述;现象+原因+后果/启示/措施。
2.说明对象:说明文用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题,如机器的制造过程、自然或社会现象产生的原因、工程项目的规划或问题的解决方案,或者介绍自然科学或社会科学领域的最新成果、社会经济发展过程中出现的新生事物等。
3.说明顺序:时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序等。
4.说明方法:①定义与诠释说明;②举例与引用说明;③分类与图表说明;④比较与比喻说明;⑤分析与综合说明。
高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的说明方法是答题关键。
5.行文特点:说明文的特点是客观、简练、语言准确明了,文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理,了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等,了解事理的含意、特点等。
6.语言特点:①语言准确、简洁,句式结构复杂,长难句比较多;②生词术语较多,阅读难度大。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:shelter n.庇护所;amazing adj.令人惊叹的; Para.2:sense n.感官;memory n.记忆; Para.3:behavior n.行为;random adj.随意的; adorable adj.可爱的 Para.1:express their needs表达它们的需求; ask for help请求帮助;scare away吓跑; Para.2:look out for注意; Para.3:take up a notch提高一个等级
析 长 难 语 句 Para.2:However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. [句式分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为主系表结构;介词短语by looking for familiar smells作表语;定语从句the cats...situations修饰先行词way。 [尝试翻译]　然而,猫能够区分情况的另一种方式是寻找熟悉的气味。 [语言赏析]　通过However进行转折,暗示猫区分情况的方式有多种,而本句展示的方式与其他方式形成了对比。这一转折不仅使句子与前文紧密连接,而且让读者感到逻辑清晰,顺利理解文章的展开。
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·长郡中学高三模拟)
There are many potential sources of clean energy out there:solar energy,wind energy,hydrogen based energy,and more.One of the less known sources of clean energy is wave energy.Now the energy is being put to use in an almost funny way,turning seawater into drinking water by Oneka,a Canadian startup.
In general,there are two traditional kinds of desalination (脱盐) technology.In the first technology,seawater is heated till the water changes into steam,leaving the salt behind,and then the steam is cooled,turning into water,and made available for use.In the second one,seawater is pushed through a see through thin material,separating the salt and the water,which consumes relatively less fuel compared with the first technology.Whichever technology is used,however,most desalination plants run on non renewable energy.
Desalination equipment is traditionally powered by fossil fuels,but the world has certainly reached a vital point where it’s necessary to move away from fossil fuel powered desalination.This is where Oneka’s unique desalination technology comes in.Oneka uses floating desalination machines,attached to a kind of floating device which then absorbs energy from the ocean waves,and changes it into mechanical forces,to pump the water through the see through thin material system.The fresh water is then pumped to land,through the power of the waves.
The waste from conventional desalination plants contains high concentrations of salt which is discharged into the sea,creating a zone where sea life dies off.Oneka’s technology steers clear of this,because the water that streams back into the ocean only has a 30 percent increase in the salt concentration,and is quickly spread by the waves.
This innovative technology shows us that sometimes the solutions to complicated problems don’t have to be complicated at all.Sometimes all you need are the ocean waves.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大创业公司Oneka利用海浪能源进行海水淡化的技术。
1.Which can best describe the first technology in paragraph 2
A.It is labor intensive.
B.It is energy hungry.
C.It separates salt via cooling.
D.It outperforms the second one.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the first technology...and made available for use.”可知,第一种技术需要先加热海盐再将水蒸汽冷却,这个过程会消耗大量的能源,故选B项。]
2.What can we learn about Oneka’s technology
A.It’s slightly complicated.
B.It leaves little salt behind.
C.It reshapes fresh water storage.
D.It’s mechanically driven.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Oneka uses floating desalination machines...through the see through thin material system.”可知 Oneka的技术靠“机械驱动”,故选 D项。]
3.What does the underlined phrase “steers clear of” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Relieves. B.Facilitates.
C.Envelops. D.Achieves.
答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“The waste...where sea life dies off.”和“because the water...and is quickly spread by the waves.”可知,Oneka的技术降低了排水中的盐浓度,并且可以借助海浪很快将其扩散,缓解了盐浓度太高导致海洋生物死亡的这个问题,故画线词的意思是“缓解”,故选A项。]
4.Which can be a suitable title for the text
A.Eco driven Desalination Machines
B.Ocean Waves:The New Energy Solution
C.Wave powered Green Desalination
D.Desalination:The Future of Fresh Water
答案　C　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容,特别是第三段“This is where Oneka’s unique desalination technology... the see through thin material system.”可知,文章主要讲述了Oneka利用海浪能源进行海水淡化的技术,故选C项。]
(2025·杭州高三质量检测)
Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole.Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales,such as sperm whales,have one hole,baleen (鲸须) whales,such as humpback and Rice’s whales,have two.
Even among the baleen whales,the place of those nostrils differs.In some species they are close together.In others,they are much further apart.In a paper published in Biology Letters,Conor Ryan,a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science,suggests why that might be.Having two nostrils,he argues,helps whales smell in stereo (立体声).
Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物),which they catch by filtering (过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths.But to eat something,you first have to find it.Toothed whales do not hunt by scent.In fact,the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures.But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs,which suggests smell remains important.And scent can indeed give zooplankton away.Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物).When these are under attack,they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphone,which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Most animals have stereoscopic senses.Having two eyes,for instance,allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth.Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming.Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.
The further apart the sensory organs are,the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them.The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species.Sure enough,baleen whales that often eat zooplankton,such as the North Atlantic right whale,have nostrils that are further apart than those,such as humpback whales,that eat zooplankton occasionally.Besides allowing them to breathe,it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了鲸鱼鼻孔的数目、分布位置以及鼻孔在捕食中发挥的作用等。
5.What do we know about whales’ blowholes according to the first two paragraphs
A.They are adapted ones.
B.They are developed merely for smell.
C.They are not easy to detect.
D.They are fixed universally in numbers.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔)...that spends its life at sea.”可知,鲸鱼的呼吸孔其实是鼻孔,它通过略微进化变成一种对在海上生活的哺乳动物更有用的形态。由此可知,鲸鱼的呼吸孔是进化而来的,故选A项。]
6.What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton
A.The teeth that baleen whales have.
B.The smell that phytoplankton send.
C.The sound waves that zooplankton create.
D.The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句和“Zooplankton like to eat...which in turn attracts baleen whales.”可知,须鲸捕食浮游动物,而浮游动物喜欢吃叫作浮游植物的微小生物。当浮游植物受到攻击时,它们会释放一种叫作二甲硫的特殊气体,从而吸引须鲸。由此可知,浮游植物释放的气体吸引须鲸捕食浮游动物,故选B项。]
7.How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4
A.By quoting a theory.
B.By using examples.
C.By making contrast.
D.By making inferences.
答案　B　[写作手法题。根据第四段中的“for instance”可知,本段是通过举例来说明“stereoscopic senses”的,故选B项。]
8.What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph
A.The sense of smell.
B.The possibility to attract food.
C.The ability to locate food.
D.The ability to communicate.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“baleen whales that often eat zooplankton...in which direction dinner lies”可知,经常吃浮游动物的须鲸的鼻孔比偶尔吃浮游动物的鲸鱼的鼻孔间隔更远,一些鲸鱼似乎还用它们的呼吸孔来确定晚餐的方位。由此可知,鼻孔的位置与找到食物的能力相关,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·郑州高三模拟)
Greenstein Prescott was a high school senior.Her English teacher,Fred DiMeo,gave her an assignment:　1　 a poem in front of the whole class.
Greenstein had a mild stutter (口吃).The 　2　 of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem was too much to 　3　.Greenstein went home and 　4　 how scared she was.Her mom agreed to write a note asking for her to be 　5　 from doing the assignment.
When the day finally came,Greenstein recited the poem one on one to DiMeo.Once she was 　6　,DiMeo said something Greenstein’d never heard before:He liked listening to her 　7　.For the first time,Greenstein considered the possibility that public speaking didn’t have to be a 　8　 of fear.“I think it was so 　9　 in his mind and I should have nothing to be 　10　 of,” Greenstein said.
Greenstein went on to graduate from high school and go to college.She never got to 　11　 thank DiMeo.But after college,she landed a job as a corporate trainer.The new 　12　 made her realize how big an impact DiMeo had had on her 　13　.
“He truly is an unsung 　14　 because he played a big role in my successful career.I don’t know where I would have been if I was fearful of 　15　 myself.I’d like to give him my thanks for that kindness,” Greenstein said.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Greenstein Prescott有轻度口吃,害怕在公众场合表现,在一次任务中,老师Fred DiMeo称赞她的声音,给了Greenstein Prescott自信,最后获得了事业的成功。
1.A.Create B.Recite
C.Assess D.Repeat
答案　B　[create创造;recite朗诵;assess评估;repeat重复。根据第三段“Greenstein recited the poem one on one to DiMeo”可知,DiMeo老师给Greenstein布置了朗诵诗歌的任务,故选B项。]
2.A.chance B.memory
C.trouble D.thought
答案　D　[chance机会;memory记忆力;trouble麻烦;thought想法。根据“Greenstein had a mild stutter(口吃).”及“of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem”可知,这里表示Greenstein对于这件事情的想法,故选D项。]
3.A.bear B.control
C.forget D.ignore
答案　A　[bear忍受;control控制;forget忘记;ignore忽视。根据“stuttering through the poem”可知,一想到在同学面前会口吃,Greenstein就无法忍受,故选A项。]
4.A.confirmed B.imagined
C.revealed D.recorded
答案　C　[confirm证实;imagine想象;reveal揭示,透露;record记录。根据“Greenstein went home and 　　　　how scared she was.”可知,回家应该是和妈妈透露自己有多害怕,故选C项。]
5.A.prohibited B.questioned
C.excused D.discouraged
答案　C　[prohibit禁止;question询问;excuse同意免除;discourage使……泄气。根据“Her mom agreed to write a note asking for her”及“from doing the assignment”可知,此处表示妈妈看到Greenstein十分害怕,就同意写便条请求同意孩子免除这个任务,be excused from doing意思为:同意免除做某事,故选C项。]
6.A.tired B.done
C.stressed D.hesitant
答案　B　[tired劳累的;done结束的;stressed有压力的;hesitant犹豫的。根据前文“Greenstein recited the poem one on one to DiMeo”可知,老师要求Greenstein一对一朗诵给老师听,结合“DiMeo said something Greenstein’d never heard before”可知,这是老师在Greenstein朗诵完成之后说的,故选B项。]
7.A.story B.voice
C.opinion D.explanation
答案　B　[story故事;voice声音;opinion观点;explanation解释。根据“He liked listening to her”可知,上文提及Greenstein有些结巴,所以此处是老师鼓励她,说喜欢她的声音,故选B项。]
8.A.feature B.source
C.treatment D.signal
答案　B　[feature特点;source来源;treatment治疗,对待;signal信号。根据上文“Greenstein went home and 　　　　how scared she was.”可知,得知老师让自己在公开场合朗诵诗歌,Greenstein一开始很害怕,但此处老师的话语让她意识到,公开演讲不一定是恐惧的来源,故选B项。]
9.A.minor B.funny
C.flexible D.necessary
答案　A　[minor轻微的;funny滑稽的;flexible灵活的;necessary必要的。根据上文“He liked listening to her 　　　　.”可知,老师喜欢Greenstein的声音,而忽略了她的口吃,所以她觉得这件事在老师的心里是十分轻微的缺点,故选A项。]
10.A.guilty B.proud
C.mindful D.afraid
答案　D　[guilty愧疚的;proud骄傲的;mindful留意的;afraid害怕的。根据上文“that public speaking didn’t have to be a 　　　　of fear.”可知,Greenstein在此处意识到,害怕也是没有必要的,故选D项。]
11.A.generously B.secretly
C.properly D.regularly
答案　C　[generously慷慨地;secretly秘密地;properly合适地,真正地;regularly规律地。根据“Greenstein went on to graduate from high school and go to college.”可知,Greenstein之后就毕业升学了,并没有真正地感谢过老师DiMeo,故选C项。]
12.A.position B.challenge
C.connection D.opportunity
答案　A　[position位置,职位;challenge挑战;connection联系;opportunity机会。根据“she landed a job as a corporate trainer”可知,Greenstein找到了工作,这个工作的职位让她想起了老师DiMeo,故选A项。]
13.A.family B.reputation
C.confidence D.patience
答案　C　[family家庭;reputation名声;confidence信心;patience耐心。根据上文“I think it was so 　　　　in his mind and I should have nothing to be 　　　　of”可知,老师DiMeo的话语缓解了Greenstein对口吃的自卑心理,对她的信心产生了积极影响,故选C项。]
14.A.hero B.citizen
C.fighter D.volunteer
答案　A　[hero英雄;citizen居民;fighter战士;volunteer志愿者。根据“because he played a big role in my successful career”可知,老师DiMeo在Greenstein眼里是一位英雄,故选A项。]
15.A.forgiving B.punishing
C.limiting D.embarrassing
答案　D　[forgive原谅;punish惩罚;limit限制;embarrass使尴尬。根据上文可知,如果没有老师的话语,Greenstein仍然会害怕自己陷入尴尬,故选D项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·东北师大附中高三模拟)
Over 400 pieces of Dehua white porcelain (德化白瓷) are on display in the National Museum of China in Beijing,with the exhibition 1.　　　　　　 (run) from Aug 26 for three months.
Dehua white porcelain is famous for its pure white color.According to Chen Chao,an artist dedicated to porcelain research,Dehua porcelain is 2.　　　　　　 (extraordinary) pure and white because the kaolin (高岭土) in Dehua county in Fujian has a low percentage of iron,making 3.　　　　　　 porcelain stainless like white jade.
Sitting in Quanzhou city,4.　　　　　　 the ancient Maritime Silk Road started,Dehua white porcelain 5.　　　　　　 (sell) like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty.In 2006,Dehua white porcelain 6.　　　　　　 (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage.
Despite the past glories,Dehua craftsmen never stop 7.　　　　　　 (improve) their skills.One 8.　　　　　　 (impress) skill is “the eggshell technique”.9.　　　　　　 the technique improved by generations of craftsmen,today’s eggshell porcelain can be made as thin as paper.
“By combining traditional Chinese artistic skills with modern 10.　　　　　　 (discipline) like material science and humanities,Dehua white porcelain will continue to enhance the cultural confidence of the Chinese people as they create even more outstanding works,” said Chen.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了德化白瓷的特点和发展历史。
1.running　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处为with复合结构,其中的动词应为非谓语形式,the exhibition和run为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以为现在分词形式,故填running。]
2.extraordinarily　[考查词性转换。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词作状语修饰形容词pure,故填extraordinarily。]
3.the　[考查冠词。根据句意以及空后porcelain为名词可知,此处为特指上文提到的“德化白瓷”,故填the。]
4.where　[考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处为关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词Quanzhou city在从句中作地点状语成分,故填where。]
5.has sold/has been selling　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,根据该句since可知,时态为现在完成时,也可为现在完成进行时,结合主语Dehua white porcelain为单数意义名词,所以动词用第三人称单数形式,故填has sold/has been selling。]
6.was listed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,主语Dehua white porcelain为单数意义名词且和动词list为被动关系,结合时间状语In 2006可知,此处为一般过去时的被动语态结构,故填was listed。]
7.improving　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语stop doing sth“停止做某事”,所以此处为非谓语形式,故填improving。]
8.impressive　[考查词性转换。由空后skill为名词可知,此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词,满足句意要求,故填impressive。]
9.With　[考查介词。分析句子可知,此处为with复合结构,表示“随着,伴随着”,满足句意要求,且句首首字母大写,故填With。]
10.disciplines　[考查名词的数。根据句意以及空后“material science and humanities”提到两种原则可知,此处为名词复数形式,故填disciplines。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:potential adj.潜在的;Para.2:fuel n.燃料;Para.3:equipment n.设备; Para.5:innovative adj.创新的;complicated adj.复杂的
B Para.3:release v.释放,放出;Para.4:perceive v.注意到,意识到,察觉到; Para.5:extract v.设法得到(对方不愿提供的信息、回答等);提取
A Para.2:run　熟义:v.跑;生义:v.运行;Para.3:pump　熟义:n.泵;生义:v.抽水
B Para.5:photograph　熟义:n.照片;生义:vt.拍摄
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:turn into变成;Para.2:in general通常;push through推动;Para.3:attach...to把……附在;Para.5:solutions to……的解决方案
B Para.1:breathe through通过……呼吸;Para.2:close together紧密在一起; Para.3:remain important仍然重要;Para.5:belong to属于
长 难 句 式 A Para.4:The waste from conventional desalination plants contains high concentrations of salt which is discharged into the sea,creating a zone where sea life dies off. [分析]　这是一个复合句。关系代词which引导定语从句,修饰先行词salt;关系副词where引导定语从句,修饰先行词zone;现在分词短语creating a zone where sea life dies off作结果状语。 [译文]　传统脱盐厂的废物含有高浓度的盐,这些盐被排放到海中,形成一个海洋生物死亡的区域。
B Para.3:Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton(浮游动物),which they catch by filtering(过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths. [分析]　which引导定语从句,修饰先行词zooplankton;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the sheets of fibrous baleen。 [译文]　许多类型的须鲸以被称为浮游动物的微小动物为食,它们用纤维状的鲸须片从海水中过滤浮游动物,这些鲸须片已经取代了它们嘴里的牙齿。(共179张PPT)
UNIT 2　The universal language
选择性必修第一册
主题语境:影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.symphony n. 交响乐,交响曲
2.heaven n. 极乐之地
3.volume n. 音量,响度;体积,容积,容量;量,额
4.lane n. (乡间)小路;小巷;车道;跑道;航线
5.rhythm n. 节奏,韵律,律动;规律
6.tune n. 曲调,曲子
vt. 调音;调频道;调整
7.rural adj. 乡村的,农村的
8.breeze n. 微风,和风
9.chorus n. 合唱曲;副歌;合唱团
10.solar adj. 太阳的;太阳能的
11.vast adj. 大量的,辽阔的,巨大的
12.complicated adj. 复杂的,难懂的
13.reputation n. 名誉,名声
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.deserve to be heard　　 值得一听
2.whisper to the audience 向听众耳语
3.weep bitterly 痛苦地哭泣
4.be overcome with sorrow 悲痛欲绝
5.stare at the sky for a long time 长时间地盯着天空
6.His unusual behaviour upset his father.
他的反常行为使他父亲感到烦恼。
7.grab her arm and drag her back抓住她的胳膊把她拽回来
8.stream into a theatre 涌入一家剧院
9.a brilliant and extraordinary genius一个聪颖而杰出的天才
10.never abandon hope 从未放弃希望
11.pass the examination with ease 轻松地通过了考试
12.be fond of folk songs 喜欢民歌
13.a very grand occasion
一个非常隆重的场面
14.the guarantee of success 成功的保证
15.look upset 　 看起来难过
16.flow of traffic 车流
17.sweep the floor 清扫地板
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.compose vt.& vi.　 作曲;组成,撰写;使镇静
　composer n. 作曲家,作曲者
　composition n. 成分;组成;作品;作曲
2.drama n. 戏剧;戏剧文学
　dramatic adj. 激动人心的,引人注目的;突然的;戏剧的;夸张的
3.transform vt.& vi. (使)变形,(使)改观, (使)转化
　transformation n. (彻底的)变化,改观,转变,改革
4.combine vt.& vi. (使)融合;(使)结合, (使)混合;兼做;合并
　combination n. 结合体,联合体;联合,混合
5.surround vt. 围绕;环绕;(使)包围,围住
　surroundings n. 周围,环境
　surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的
6.adapt vt.& vi. 使适应,使适合;适应
　　　vt. 改编;改写
　adaptation n. 改编本,改写本;适应
　adaptable adj. 有适应能力的,能适应的
7.defend vt.& vi. 保护,防御;辩白,辩解
　defense/defence n. 防御;保护;保卫;辩解;辩护
8.greet vt. 问候,欢迎,招呼
　greeting n. 问候,招呼;
　　　　(pl.) 祝词;贺词
9.suit vt. 对……方便;合身;适合;适宜
　　n. 套装,西装
　suitable adj. 合适的,适宜的,适当的,适用的
10.distant adj. 遥远的,远处的,久远的;冷淡的;远亲的
　distance n. 距离;间距;遥远;冷淡;疏远
11.breath n. 呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气;微量,迹象
　breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸
　　　　 vi. 透气
12.company n. 公司;陪伴
　companion n. 伙伴,同伴
　accompany vt. 陪同,陪伴;伴随;与……同时发生;为……伴奏
13.expect vt. 预料;预计;等待;期待;盼望;指望
　　vt. & vi. 猜想;认为;料想
　expectation n. 希望,盼望;预料,预期;期望,指望
　unexpected adj. 出乎意料的,意外的
　unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地
14.remark n. 谈论;言论
　　　vt.& vi. 说起;谈论;评论
　remarkable adj. 非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的
　remarkably adv. 惊人地
15.enthusiastic adj. 热情的,热心的
　enthusiasm n. 热情;热心;热忱;热衷的事物;激发热情的事物
　enthusiastically adv. 热情地,热心地
16.gift n. 礼物;天赋;赠品
　gifted adj. 有才华的,有天赋的
17.predict vt. 预言;预告;预报
　prediction n. 预言,预测
　predictable adj. 可预料的;可预见的
18.depress vt. 使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气
　depression n. 抑郁;沮丧;消沉;萧条期;经济衰退
　depressed adj. 抑郁的;沮丧的;意志消沉的
　depressing adj. 令人沮丧的;令人抑郁的
19.possess vt. 具有(特质);拥有;支配,控制
　possession n. 具有;拥有;个人财产;私人物品;控球状态
20.vary vi. 变化
　variation n. 变奏,变奏曲;变化,变更;变体,变种
　varied adj. 各种各样的;多变的
　various adj. 不同的;各种各样的
　variety n. 变化;多样性;种类
21.sorrow n. 悲伤,悲痛;伤心事
　sorrowful adj. 伤心的
22.desperate adj. 绝望的;不惜冒险的;极其需要的;极严重的
　desperately adv. 绝望地;极其
　desperation n. 绝望;铤而走险;拼命
　despair n. 绝望
　　　　vi. 绝望;失去希望
23.please vt. 使满意;使愉快
　pleased adj. 高兴的;满意的
　pleasant adj. 令人愉快的,可喜的;友好的,和善的
　pleasure n. 愉快;乐事
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.for good measure 作为额外增添
2.all of a sudden 突然,猛地
3.with ease 轻松地,不费力地
4.tear apart 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开
5.rely on 依赖,依靠;信任
6.throw in 奉送,额外赠送
7.consist of 由……组成(或构成)
8.turn out 最后是,结果是
9.be well received 深受欢迎
10.be capable of doing sth 能够做某事;有能力做某事
11.stream into 不断涌进;源源不断地流入
12.break into 突然开始(做某事);闯入;破门而入
13.be unaware of 不知道;没有察觉到
14.take in 接收;领会
15.get down to (doing) sth 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.When the two lovers,Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai,first meet,the music is light and pleasant,as if whispering to the audience.
(环境描写,状语从句的省略)
　梁山伯和祝英台,这对恋人初次见面时,音乐轻快悦耳,仿佛在向听众耳语。
2.Angry and sad,Liang falls sick and dies.
[情绪描写,形容词(短语)作状语]
　梁山伯悲愤交加,染病而亡。
3.I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio,holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song.
(动作链,分词短语作状语)
　我把音量调大,站在那里盯着收音机,屏住呼吸,等待这首歌的第一串音符。
4.Before him,he saw a sea of people all standing,clapping,and waving their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork.(动作链,see+宾语+宾补)
　他看见眼前的人海全部起立,有的鼓掌,有的挥舞帽子和手帕,表达着他们对他的杰作的赞赏。
5.By the time he was a teenager,he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician.(人物描写,by the time)
　到他十几岁的时候,他已享有杰出的年轻音乐家的声誉。
6.He was so upset that,at first,he wanted to keep it a secret.
(心理描写,so...that...)
　他痛苦不堪,以至于起初只想尽力隐瞒。
词汇横拓串记
聚焦后缀-er表示人的名词 “悲喜交加”名词集锦 all相关短语荟萃
①compose→composer作曲家 ②advise→adviser顾问 ③examine→examiner主考人,监考员 ④observe→observer观察者 ⑤research→researcher研究者 ⑥perform→performer表演者 ①sorrow悲伤;悲痛 ②sadness悲伤;难过 ③shock震惊;难过 ④depression沮丧;抑郁 ⑤happiness高兴 ⑥pleasure愉快 ①all of a sudden突然
②all the best一切顺利
③all the same尽管如此
④all in all总而言之
⑤all at once立刻;马上
⑥above all首先;最重要的是
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.Beethoven's Symphony No.9
　　　　　　　　 贝多芬的《第九　　　　　　》
2.be in good tune 　　　　　　准确
3.peaceful rural life 宁静的　　　　　　生活
4.the Temple of Heaven　　　　　　坛
5.grow like a breeze 像　　　　　　般成长
交响曲
Step One　写一写
音调
乡村
天
微风
6.a chorus of shouts 　　　　　　发出喊叫
7.a lane in the countryside 乡村　　　　　
8.strong rhythm 　　　　　　感强
9.sort of complicated 有点　　　　　
10.have a good reputation 有一个好　　　　　
齐声
小道
节奏
复杂
名声
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.耳语,低语;私下说;沙沙作响
n. 低语;轻柔的声音;传言
2.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.(　　　　　　, 　　　　　　) 哭泣,流泪
3.　　　　　　 vt. (　　　　　,　　　　　　)
受到……的极大影响;克服,解决;战胜
4.　　　　　　 adj. 特别的,不寻常的;独特的,与众不同的
whisper
weep
wept
wept
overcome
overcame
overcome
unusual
5.　　　　　　 vt. 值得,应得
6.　　　　　　 vt. 中止,放弃,不再有;抛弃;舍弃
7.　　　　　　 vt. 保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修
n. 保证,担保;保修单
8.　　　　　　 adj. 不寻常的,非凡的;意想不到的,令人惊奇的
9.　　　　　　 n. 容易,轻易;舒适,安逸
vi.& vt. (使)宽慰,减轻
deserve
abandon
guarantee
extraordinary
ease
10.　　　　　　 adj. 聪颖的,技艺高的;巧妙的;很成功的;明亮的
11.　　　　　　 n. 天赋,天资;天才
12.　　　　　　 vi. 盯着看,凝视,注视
n. 盯,凝视,注视
13.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.吸引;抓住;赶紧,抓紧
brilliant
genius
stare
grab
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.作曲;组成;撰写;使镇静
　　　　　　　 n. 作曲家,作曲者
　　　　　　　 n. 成分;组成;作品;作曲
2.　　　　　　 vt. 预料;预计;等待;期待;盼望;指望
　　　　　　vt. & vi. 猜想;认为;料想
　　　　　　　 n. 希望,盼望;预料,预期;期望,指望
　　　　　　　 adj. 出乎意料的,意外的
　　　　　　　 adv. 出乎意料地
compose
composer
composition
expect
expectation
unexpected
unexpectedly
3.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. (使)变形,(使)改观, (使)转化
　　 　　　　　 n. (彻底的)变化,改观,转变,改革
4.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. (使)融合;(使)结合, (使)混合;兼做;合并
　　　　　　　 n. 结合体,联合体;联合,混合
5.　　　　　　 vt. 围绕;环绕;(使)包围,围住
　　　　　　　 n. 周围,环境
　　　　　　　 adj. 周围的;附近的
transform
transformation
combine
combination
surround
surroundings
surrounding
6.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 使适应,使适合;适应
　　　　　　　vt. 改编;改写
　　　　　　　 n. 改编本,改写本;适应
　　　　　　　 adj. 有适应能力的,能适应的
7.　　　　　　 n. 公司;陪伴
　　　　　　　 n. 伙伴,同伴
　　　　　　　 vt. 陪同,陪伴;伴随;与……同时发生;
为……伴奏
adapt
adaptation
adaptable
company
companion
accompany
8.　　　　　　 n. 谈论;言论
　　　　　vt.& vi. 说起;谈论;评论
　　　　　　　 adj. 非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的
　remarkably adv. 惊人地
9.　　　　　　 vt. 具有(特质);拥有;支配,控制
　　　　　　　 n. 具有;拥有;个人财产;私人物品;控球状态
10.　　　　　　 n. 礼物;天赋;赠品
　　　　　　　 adj. 有才华的,有天赋的
remark
remarkable
possess
possession
gift
gifted
11.　　　　　　 n. 呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气;微量,迹象
　　　　　　　 vt. & vi.呼吸
　　　　　　　vi. 透气
12.　　　　　　 vt. 预言;预告;预报
　　　　　　　 n. 预言,预测
　　　　　　　 adj. 可预料的;可预见的
breath
breathe
predict
prediction
predictable
13.　　　　　　 vt. 使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气
　　　　　　　 n. 抑郁;沮丧;消沉;萧条期;经济衰退
　　　　　　　 adj. 抑郁的;沮丧的;意志消沉的
　　　　　　　 adj. 令人沮丧的;令人抑郁的
depress
depression
depressed
depressing
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.　　　　　　　　 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开
2.　　　　　　　 依赖,依靠;信任
3.　　　　　　　 不知道;没有察觉到
4.　　　　　　　　　　　 能够做某事;有能力做某事
5.　　　　　　　 由……组成(或构成)
6.　 　　　　　　 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事
7.　　　　　　　 不断涌进;源源不断地流入
tear apart
rely on
be unaware of
be capable of doing sth
consist of
get down to (doing) sth
stream into
8.turn out 　　　　　　　
9.with ease 　　　　　　　
10.take in 　　　　　　　
11.all of a sudden 　　　　　　　
12.break into 　　　　　　 　
最后是,结果是
轻松地,不费力地
接收;领会
突然,猛地
突然开始(做某事);闯入;破门而入
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:so...that...
　 it took us several hours to reach the top.
山太高了,我们花了几个小时才到达山顶。
The mountain was so high that
2.句型公式:状语从句的省略
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, you should highlight the parts of your experience that are related to the job.
　在申请工作时,你应该突出你的经验中与这个工作相关的部分。
While applying for a job
3.句型公式:形容词(短语)作状语
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition being hosted in our school.
　很高兴得知你对中国画很感兴趣,我写信真诚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举行的展览。
Glad/Delighted to know that you show great interest in Chinese paintings
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.A　　　　　　 by his owner,the little dog was leading a miserable life.
2.We aren't capable of g　　　　　　 that our flights will never be delayed.
3.We all consider my father as a g　　　　　　,for he is gifted in repairing everything.
bandoned
Step Two　练一练
uaranteeing
enius
4.He s　　　　　　 at them for the longest time before answering.
5.Her determination to o　　　　　　 her fears and limitations was truly inspiring.
6.The advice d　　　　　　 support as it gives priority to the needs of children.
tared
vercome
eserves
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.As a famous pop star,he loves being 　　　　　　 by so many fans coming to visit him from the 　　　　　　cities.And he also likes beautiful 　　　　　　with green trees and flowers.(surround)
2.On hearing the 　　　　　　news,he felt 　　　　　　　and soon got into a state of 　　　　　　　　.(depress)
surrounded
surrounding
surroundings
depressing
depressed
depression
3.My daughter is very 　　　　　　and I'm sure that she will
　　　　　　herself to the new school and now she is watching a film which is an 　　　　　　from a real person.(adapt)
4.He 　　　　　　that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke,but beyond his 　　　　　　nobody laughed.
(expect)
adaptable
adapt
adaptation
expected
expectations
5.Brian is 　　　　　　in writing music;he is very likely to become a Beethoven.And most of his classmates envy his 　　　　　　.(gift)
6.He 　　　　　　that a hurricane was on the way but nobody believed his 　　　　　　.(predict)
gifted
gift
predicted
prediction
Ⅲ.短语填空
consist of　break into　all of a sudden　with ease　turn out
get down to (doing) sth
1.Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers
　　　　 　　your house.
2.Thanks to your timely help,we were able to finish the work 　　　　　　.
breaking into
with ease
3.I have learned that the exhibition 　　　　　　dozens of masterpieces painted by Chinese famous artists.
4.There is not much time left.Let's 　　　　　 　discussing the plan.
5.It 　　　　　　that just looking at green,growing things can reduce stress and put people into a better mood.
6.The dog barked at me 　　　　 　　,but I drove it away with my umbrella.
consists of
get down to
turns out
all of a sudden
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was born in a family which 1.　　　　　　(consist) of four members:my parents,my brother Tom and me.My brother and I were brought up in pleasant 2.　　　　　 　(surround).Tom is
gifted 3.　　　　　　 maths,and enthusiastic about helping others. Whenever our neighbors need help,they can rely on
4.　　　　　　 that Tom will never turn them down,so he earns a
consists
surroundings
in
it
good reputation.A few days ago,my brother 5.　 　　　 (accompany) me at home.I met a complicated maths problem,6.　　　　　　 I asked him for help.He stared at the problem for a few seconds and got down to 7.　　　　　　(figure) it out.8.　　　　　　 upset me was that he also couldn't work it out.“I can't abandon it,” he whispered to himself.He took a deep breath and noticed an arch in the house.All of a sudden,he got 9.　　　　　　 (inspire) and solved the maths problem with ease,which was 10.　　　　　　(uplift).“You are a genius.I admire you,” I told him gladly.
accompanied
so
figuring
What
inspiration
uplifting
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.2 写作迁移
1.deserve vt.值得,应得(deserving adj.值得的;应得的)
佳句背诵　
What deserved to be mentioned most was the theme of the reading day—Reading Chinese Classics and Inheriting Chinese Culture.
最值得一提的是阅读日的主题——阅读中国经典和继承中国文化。
deserve to be done/doing……值得被做
deserve to do sth 应该做某事;值得做某事
deserve attention/consideration/respect/praise
值得注意/考虑/尊敬/表扬
[点拨]　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同。类似用法的词还有:need,require,be worth等。
以练促学　单句写作
As far as I am concerned,students’ feedback concerning the Spoken
English class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 .
(观点态度,2023·上海1月卷)
就我而言,同学们对英语口语课的反馈值得考虑。
②We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck.(主旨升华)
我们应该通过我们的共同努力而不是运气来赢得比赛。
deserves consideration/to be considered/considering
deserve to win the competition
教考衔接　单句写作
③Satisfied, he gave me a thumbs-up,praised me a lot for my honesty and also thanked me for the tip, but 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 .
(情绪+动作描写,2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
他很满意,对我竖起大拇指,称赞我的诚实,也感谢我给的小费,但我告诉他这是他应得的。
I told him that he deserved it
2.guarantee vt.保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修 n.保证,担保;保修单
佳句背诵　
Such a tasty breakfast was guaranteed to make their mom joyful on Mother’s Day.　　 这样一顿美味的早餐肯定会让他们的妈妈在母亲节快乐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
guarantee to do sth/that... 保证做某事/确保……
be guaranteed to do sth 肯定/必定会做某事
guarantee sb sth 保证某人某事
give sb a guarantee (that)... 某人保证……
under guarantee 在保修期内
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The car is less than a year old,so it is still 　　　　　　guarantee, which is a relief for us.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when invited
to your Chinese friend’s home.(建议信)
被邀请到中国朋友家做客时,一定要保证自己举止得体。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③ From then on, if I wanted to read an ending 　 　　　(guarantee) to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance.(2024·全国甲卷)
under
Do guarantee to behave yourself
guaranteed
3.accompany vt.陪同,陪伴;伴随,与……同时发生;为……伴奏
→companion n.伙伴,同伴→company n.陪伴;公司
佳句背诵　
The destruction of the rain forest ecology seems inevitable, accompanied by air pollution and global warming and so on.
(环境保护)
由于空气污染和全球变暖等原因,雨林生态的破坏似乎是不可避免。
accompany sb to... 陪某人去……
be accompanied by... 在……的陪同下
accompany sb at/on sth 用某物为某人伴奏
keep sb company=accompany sb 陪伴某人
以练促学　单句语法填空
①These meals are always 　　　　　　　 (accompany) by laughter and joy.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②I approve of your accompanying him 　　　　　　Beijing,but please be careful.
accompanied
to
教考衔接　单句写作
③For the 10th Anniversary of Youth, as a fan of Youth, I want to share my reading experience.Youth 　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　. (短文投稿,2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
作为Youth的一个粉丝,在她十周年之际,我想分享一下我的阅读体验。她陪伴我度过了整个高中时光。
has accompanied me throughout
my high school years
4.expectation n.希望,盼望;预料,预期;期望,指望→expect vt.预料;预计;等待;盼望 vt. & vi.猜想;认为;料想→unexpected adj.出乎意料的,意外的→unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
佳句背诵　
The exciting result was completely beyond my expectations, which made me confused and uneasy.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这个令人兴奋的结果完全出乎我的意料,这让我感到困惑和不安。
beyond (sb’s) expectations 　出乎(某人的)意料
live up to/meet one’s expectations
达到某人的期望,如某人所愿
expect (sb) to do sth 期待(某人)做某事
be expected to do sth 预计做某事;被期待做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①If assigned together, the pair would stare at each other in silence without any 　　　　(expect)good performance. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②David tried his best to run on the track 　　　　　　　　　　　 .
At last,he managed to pass the finishing line,　　　　　　　　　　 .
　　　 　　 . He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the future.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
为了不辜负我们的期望,大卫竭尽全力在跑道上跑。最终他成功跨过终点线,这出乎我们的意料。他有望在将来变得更优秀。
expected
to live up to our expectations
which was beyond
our expectations;
is expected to be more outstanding
教考衔接　单句写作
③On my flight back home, I reflected on 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, which left me in deep thought.Gunter’s simple act inspires me to carry forward the spirit of trust.(主旨升华,2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
在回家的航班上,我反思了这次意外但重要的邂逅,它让我陷入沉思,冈特的简单举动激励着我要继续往下传递信任。
this unexpected but
significant encounter
5.upset adj.难过的,失望的 vt.(upset,upset,upsetting)使烦恼;搅乱;打翻
佳句背诵　
I was upset to find that my pumpkin had been upset by my brother.(情绪描写,2021·浙江1月卷)
我难过地发现我的南瓜被我的弟弟打翻了。
be upset about/over/at sth 某事心烦
be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安
What upsets sb is... 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb to do sth/that... 某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
以练促学　单句写作/同义句转换
①As far as I’m concerned,there is no need to　　　　　　　　　　 .
(慰问信)
就我看来,没有必要为此事难过。
②I was upset that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(2022·浙江1月卷)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.
be upset about the matter
What upset me was that/It upset me that
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I even wanted to drop out of the writing contest halfway and it was my teacher who motivated me to stick to my goal until I succeeded. (心理描写,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
既心烦又沮丧,我甚至想中途退出写作比赛,是我的老师激励我坚持我的目标,直到我成功。
Upset and depressed
No one can guarantee that everything will go smoothly. When we face difficulties,our friends can accompany us and give us strength. However, if our results don't meet our expectations, we might get upset. But we should remember that setbacks are just temporary and we all deserve a happy life.
6.whisper vi.& vt.耳语,低语;私下说;沙沙作响 n.低语;轻柔的声音;
传言
佳句背诵　
The message reached me like a gentle whisper carried by the wind.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这消息就像风中轻柔的低语传到我身边。
whisper sth to sb 对某人低声说某事
whisper (to sb) that... 低声(对某人)说……
in a whisper/in whispers 低声地
以练促学　单句写作
①Deeply affected by my little daughter,　　　　　　　　　　, “Bravery was the most significant quality.”(语言描写)
受到小女儿的深深影响,我低声对自己说:“勇敢是最重要的品质。”
教考衔接　单句写作
②Shocked and proud,their mother said 　　　　　　　　　　, “Thanks, my kids.”(情绪+动作描写,2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
既震惊又自豪,他们的母亲温柔地轻声说:“谢谢,我的孩子们。”
I whispered to myself
in a sweet whisper
7.abandon vt.中止,放弃,不再有;抛弃;舍弃 n.放任;放纵→abandoned
adj.被遗弃的,放纵的
佳句背诵　
At the party,people sang and danced with abandon,totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.(动作描写)
聚会上,人们尽情地唱歌、跳舞,完全忘记了生活中的烦恼。
abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to... 沉湎于……
with abandon 放纵地;尽情地
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I went past the 　　　　 　　(abandon) milking house to see if they had fixed the broken window.(2023·浙江1月卷)
②His last word went like a bullet to her heart.She burst into tears and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(情绪描写)
他最后一句话太扎心了。她大哭起来,陷入绝望。
abandoned
abandoned herself to despair
教考衔接　句式升级
③We all respect her because she always abandons herself to new teaching methods.(人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　,
she wins our respect.(现在分词短语作状语)
Abandoning herself to new teaching methods
8.overcome vt.受到……的极大影响;克服,解决;战胜
佳句背诵　
Faced with so many new things to learn,he was overcome by/with fear and was at a loss what to do.(心理描写)
面对这么多要学的新东西,他感到恐惧,不知道该做什么。
be overcome by/with 被……(某种情绪)控制;受到……的极大影响
overcome one’s shyness/fear(s)/panic克服某人的羞怯/恐惧
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was overcome 　　　　　　sadness because I was suspected of stealing his money.
②“We all appreciate your determination to 　　 　　　　　　　　,”
I looked at his face and said gently.
“我们都欣赏你克服挑战的决心。”我看着他的脸温柔地说道。
by/with
overcome the challenges
教考衔接　单句写作
③It is owing to your encouragement that I can 　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the cross-country run. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
正是因为您的鼓励,我才能够克服内心的恐惧,在越野赛中挑战自我。
overcome my
internal panic to challenge myself
9.rely on依赖,依靠;信任
佳句背诵　
You can rely on it that my introduction can deepen visitors’ understanding of traditional Chinese culture.(申请信)
你可以相信我的介绍会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。
rely on (doing) sth 依赖/指望(做)某事
rely on sb to do sth 指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on it that... 相信……;指望……
[点拨]　当depend/rely on,appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like等词后接宾语从句时,一般先加形式宾语it,再接宾语从句。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①We would appreciate 　　　　　　if you could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in the show.
②These days we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 .
现在,我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。
it
rely heavily on computers to organize our work
教考衔接　单句写作
③He is admitted as a living Lei Feng and obviously,you can
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　whenever necessary.
(人物介绍,2023·天津3月卷)
他被认为是一个活雷锋,很明显,你可以相信他会在你需要的时候帮
助你。
rely/depend on it that he will come to your aid
In our life journey, we often face various challenges. Sometimes, we might want to whisper our fear and doubts to someone we trust but don't always rely on others for help.Meanwhile, we should never abandon our dreams easily. We need to overcome difficulties with determination and courage and strive for our goals.
1. 句型公式:形容词(短语)作状语
课本原句:Angry and sad,Liang falls sick and dies.梁山伯悲愤交加,染病而亡。
佳句背诵　
Surprised and overjoyed a great deal,Jane held her husband tightly and told him how much she loved him.
简又惊又喜,紧紧地抱着丈夫,告诉他她有多爱他。
(1)形容词(短语)作状语常用来说明句子主语所处的状态,即常和主语构成系表关系。
(2)形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式或伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。
以练促学　句式升级/单句写作
①They were excited and moved,so they wept and hugged each other.(情绪描写)
→　　　　　　　　　　　, they wept and hugged each other.(形容词作状语)
Excited and moved
②　　　　　　　　　　　　, I looked at the miserable garden, wondering about my future here.
我又冷又饿,孤身一人,望着那凄凉的花园,思索着我在这里的未来。
教考衔接　句式升级
③Because they are addicted to online games,many teenagers find it difficult to focus on their learning.(发言稿,2021·全国乙卷)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, many teenagers find it difficult to focus on their learning.(形容词短语作状语)
Cold,hungry and alone
Addicted to online games
2.句型公式:see+宾语+宾补
课本原句:Before him,he saw a sea of people all standing, clapping, and waving their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork.
他看见眼前的人海全部起立,有的鼓掌,有的挥舞帽子和手帕,表达着他们对这部杰作的赞赏。
佳句背诵　
If you watch long enough,you will see many problems settled in this way.
如果你观察的时间足够长,你会发现很多问题都是用这种方式解决的。
(1)see sb do sth “看见某人做了某事”,强调动作的全过程
(2)see sb doing sth “看见某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行
(3)see sth done “看见某事被做”,强调动作的被动和完成
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Every evening would find them 　　　　　　　　　 (lock) away in the music room, my brother on guitar.
②While walking in the street,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在街上散步时,我注意到他被一只狗咬了。
locked
noticed him bitten by a dog
③The wolf failed to get the prey.We 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　. 狼没能抓住猎物,我们看到它消失在树林里。
[点拨]　能用于该结构的动词(短语)还有hear、watch、notice、listen to、observe、feel、find等。
教考衔接　单句语法填空
④My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor 　　　　　　(head) towards the motorway.I ran desperately but failed to catch up.(2020·浙江7月卷)
saw it disappearing
into the woods
heading
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.There was a distant look in her eyes;her mind was obviously on something else. 　 　　　　
2.He doesn’t have the courage to go against the stream of public opinion. 　　　　　
3.Several factors combined to depress the housing market.
　　　 　　
adj.心不在焉的,恍惚的
n.潮流
vt.使萧条,削弱
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.guarantee vt.保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修 n.保证,担保;保修单
vt.保证,担保
①Consistent,hard work will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is. 　　　　　
②He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again.
　　　　　
③They offered a two-year guarantee on all their electrical goods, which surprised many customers. 　　　　　
n.保证,担保
n.保修单
2.upset adj.难过的,失望的 vt.使烦恼;搅乱;打翻
vt.使烦恼
①Don’t upset yourself about it—let’s just forget it ever happened.
　　　　　
②She stood up suddenly,upsetting a glass of wine. 　　　　　
③Seeing the mess in the kitchen,he immediately understood what had happened,but he wasn’t upset. 　 　　 　　
vt. 打翻
adj.难过的,失望的
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Hugging me in his warmest arms, he added,“As
　　　　　　(expect), you really can make a good shot!”
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel 　　　　　　(abandon).(2022·全国乙卷)
3.Apparently,　　　　　　 (combine) my job with my little children is rather difficult for me.
expected
abandoned
combining
4.All the candidates guaranteed 　　　　　　 (boost) economy and care about civilians’ welfare in the election.
5.Our company’s 　　　　　　(adapt) to shifting consumer tastes has been a great success.
6.Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams
　　　　　　ease.
7.I think the gifted composer who is constantly making efforts deserves 　　　　　　(get) respect from all of us.
to boost
adaptation
with
to get
8.All the staff rely on 　　　　　　that the new strategy will generate profits for the company.
9.I am so upset 　　　　　　(hear) that his father hasn’t recovered from the operation.
10.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school unless 　　　　　　(accompany) by an adult.
it
to hear
accompanied
维度三　完成句子
1.Therefore, I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
因此,如果必要的话,我可以解释中国画的相关信息。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, she still couldn’t speak, read or write.
她七岁时,仍不会说话,不能读书也不会写字。
if necessary
By the time she was seven years old
3.If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day,you can
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　.
如果你每天坚持用英语写日记,你会很容易提高你的书面英语。
4.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　to be held in this city.
我有能力很好地组织将在这个城市举办的中国画展览。
improve your written English with ease
am capable of perfectly organizing the Chinese Painting Exhibition
5.The boy,totally 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　,
approached the wolf boldly.
那个男孩完全没有意识到他的举动会造成严重的后果,大胆地向狼走去。
6.The core of Chinese traditional virtues 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, working diligently and hard.
中国传统美德的核心是尊敬父母,诚实守信,勤奋努力。
unaware of the severe result of his movement
consists of respecting
parents, staying honest and faithful
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练(邀请信——中国古典音乐会)
　　假定你是李华,你校将在下周五举行“中国古典音乐会”。你的英国朋友Sam对中国古典音乐很感兴趣,请给他写一封邮件邀请他观看,内容包括:
1.演出时间、内容;
2.邀请观看。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①听到我们学校要举办中国古典音乐会的好消息,我非常想邀请你来参加。(desperate,on doing...,同位语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
On hearing the good news that our school will hold a Chinese classical music concert,I'm desperate to invite you to attend it.
②该音乐会将于下周五下午4点在我校举行,旨在激发学生对中国古典音乐的热情。(enthusiastic,定语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
The concert whose aim is to inspire students to be enthusiastic about Chinese classical music is scheduled to be held in our school at 4 pm next Friday.
③这场非凡的音乐会由两部分组成,第一部分是古典音乐的合唱。(remarkable,consist of,“介词+which”引导定语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
④一些在古典音乐方面有天赋的老师和学生将进行精彩的表演。(gifted,形容词短语作定语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
The remarkable concert consists of two parts,the first part of which is the chorus of classical music.
Some teachers and students gifted in classical music will give wonderful performances.
⑤毫无疑问,这场音乐会将不辜负你的期望,并帮助你深入了解中国古典音乐之美。(expectation,同位语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
There is no doubt that the music festival will live up to your expectations and help you gain a deep insight into the beauty of Chinese classical music.
⑥这场振奋人心的音乐会对你来说是一个非常好的机会,你不能错过它。我期待着你的参与。(uplifting,so...that...)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
The uplifting concert is so great a chance for you that you can't miss it.I'm looking forward to your participation.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
Dear Sam,
On hearing the good news that our school will hold a Chinese classical music concert,I'm desperate to invite you to attend it.
The concert whose aim is to inspire students to be enthusiastic about Chinese classical music is scheduled to be held in our school at 4 pm next Friday.The remarkable concert consists of two parts,the first part of which is the chorus of classical music.After that,
some teachers and students gifted in classical music will give wonderful performances.There is no doubt that the music festival will live up to your expectations and help you gain a deep insight into the beauty of Chinese classical music.
The uplifting concert is so great a chance for you that you can't miss it.I'm looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:一名四年级教师首次遇见鲍比时,鲍比穿着破旧且尺寸不合身的衣服,行为举止也与众不同,甚至连基本的字母都不认识。这名教师对鲍比感到无法接受,于是检查了他的档案,却发现鲍比智商正常,但生活背景复杂。一次,鲍比被同学欺负,衣服被撕破,鼻子流血,教师为此训斥了其他学生。
场景续写1:
那个事件改变了“我”对鲍比的感觉→意识到老师不仅要教学术,还要满足学生的需求→给鲍比买了一些漂亮的衣服,希望他不再被嘲笑→他兴奋而感激地感谢了“我”→一股被信任的感觉涌上“我”的心头→“我”提出在放学之前辅导他做作业
That incident changed how I felt about Bobby. Witnessing a little boy in desperate need of care and help,I realized not only should a teacher teach academics but also meet the needs of the students! I bought Bobby some nice clothes,with which he wouldn't be teased any more.Thrilled and grateful,he said“Thanks,Miss!” with glittering tears in his eyes like stars.A surge of being trusted wrapped me,and I offered to help him with his homework before school.
It was amazing to see the change in Bobby that resulted from the new clothes and extra attention. Coming out of his shell,he started making brief eye contact with me and performed properly,through which I found he really was a likeable child.I no longer dreaded going to work,and even looked forward to seeing him coming down the hallway in the morning.Afterwards,as my attitude toward him changed,so did the other students.They stopped picking on him and included him as a part of the group.Through this event,I realized that,just give more attention and love,and every child deserves a chance to change.
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(2024·全国甲卷阅读B)
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you’re able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry,it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.
However,when a cat is looking for affection,they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses,but their sense of smell is quite impressive.They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax.However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar
smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like.
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that’s been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物).Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it!
真题再做
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了猫的生活习性,它们通过叫声和行为来表达情感和需求。
24.What can be learned about cats’ meowing from the first paragraph
A.It’s a survival skill.
B.It’s taught by mother cats.
C.It’s hard to interpret.
D.It’s getting louder with age.
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解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,猫通过不同的叫声来表达自己的需求,如觅食、表达情感需求或吸引母亲注意力等,表明猫的叫声是一种生存技能,故选A项。
25.How does a pet cat assess different situations
A.By listening for sounds.
B.By touching familiar objects.
C.By checking on smells.
D.By communicating with other cats.
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解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,猫通过嗅觉来评估环境并寻找危险的迹象,它们会在选择放松的地方之前嗅闻特定区域。因此,猫是通过嗅觉来评估不同的情况的,故选C项。
26.Which best explains the phrase “take...up a notch” in paragraph 3
A.Perform appropriately. B.Move faster.
C.Act strangely. D.Do better.
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解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.”以及接下来的描述可知,猫通过找到物品并带回给主人来表示爱意,这种行为比狗的取物行为要更上一层楼,即做得更好,故选D项。
27.What is a suitable title for the text
A.Tips on Finding a Smart Cat
B.Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior
C.Have Fun with Your Cat
D.How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
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解析　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了猫的叫声和行为及其背后的原因,能够帮助读者更好地理解猫的习性,因此最合适的标题是“理解你的猫的行为”,故选B项。
思维建模
说明文的6个文体特点
1.行文结构:总体叙述+细节或过程说明+概括评述;现象+原因+后果/启示/措施。
2.说明对象:说明文用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题,如机器的制造过程、自然或社会现象产生的原因、工程项目的规划或问题的解决方案,或者介绍自然科学或社会科学领域的最新成果、社会经济发展过程中出现的新生事物等。
3.说明顺序:时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序等。
4.说明方法:①定义与诠释说明;②举例与引用说明;③分类与图表说明;④比较与比喻说明;⑤分析与综合说明。
高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的说明方法是答题关键。
5.行文特点:说明文的特点是客观、简练、语言准确明了,文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理,了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等,了解事理的含意、特
点等。
6.语言特点:①语言准确、简洁,句式结构复杂,长难句比较多;②生词术语较多,阅读难度大。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:shelter n.庇护所;amazing adj.令人惊叹的; Para.2:sense n.感官;memory n.记忆; Para.3:behavior n.行为;random adj.随意的; adorable adj.可爱的 Para.1:express their needs表达它们的需求; ask for help请求帮助;scare away吓跑;
Para.2:look out for注意;
Para.3:take up a notch提高一个等级
析 长 难 语 句 Para.2:However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.
[句式分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为主系表结构;介词短语by looking for familiar smells作表语;定语从句the cats...situations修饰先行词way。
[尝试翻译]　
[语言赏析]　通过However进行转折,暗示猫区分情况的方式有多种,而本句展示的方式与其他方式形成了对比。这一转折不仅使句子与前文紧密连接,而且让读者感到逻辑清晰,顺利理解文章的展开。
然而,猫能够区分情况的另一种方式是寻找熟悉的气味。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·长郡中学高三模拟)
There are many potential sources of clean energy out there:solar energy,wind energy,hydrogen-based energy,and more.One of the less-known sources of clean energy is wave energy.Now the energy is being put to use in an almost funny way,turning seawater into drinking water by Oneka,a Canadian startup.
In general,there are two traditional kinds of desalination (脱盐) technology.In the first technology,seawater is heated till the water changes into steam,leaving the salt behind,and then the steam is cooled,turning into water,and made available for use.In the second one,seawater is pushed through a see-through thin material, separating the salt and the water,which consumes relatively less fuel compared with the first technology.Whichever technology is used, however,most desalination plants run on non-renewable energy.
Desalination equipment is traditionally powered by fossil fuels,but the world has certainly reached a vital point where it’s necessary to move away from fossil fuel-powered desalination.This is where Oneka’s unique desalination technology comes in.Oneka uses floating desalination machines,attached to a kind of floating device which then absorbs energy from the ocean waves,and changes it into mechanical forces,to pump the water through the see-through thin material system.The fresh water is then pumped to land,through the power of the waves.
The waste from conventional desalination plants contains high concentrations of salt which is discharged into the sea,creating a zone where sea life dies off.Oneka’s technology steers clear of this,because the water that streams back into the ocean only has a 30 percent increase in the salt concentration,and is quickly spread by the waves.
This innovative technology shows us that sometimes the solutions to complicated problems don’t have to be complicated at all. Sometimes all you need are the ocean waves.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大创业公司Oneka利用海浪能源进行海水淡化的技术。
1.Which can best describe the first technology in paragraph 2
A.It is labor-intensive. B.It is energy-hungry.
C.It separates salt via cooling. D.It outperforms the second one.
解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the first technology...and made available for use.”可知,第一种技术需要先加热海盐再将水蒸汽冷却,这个过程会消耗大量的能源,故选B项。
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2.What can we learn about Oneka’s technology
A.It’s slightly complicated.
B.It leaves little salt behind.
C.It reshapes fresh water storage.
D.It’s mechanically driven.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Oneka uses floating desalination machines...through the see-through thin material system.”可知 Oneka的技术靠“机械驱动”,故选 D项。
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3.What does the underlined phrase “steers clear of” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Relieves. B.Facilitates. C.Envelops. D.Achieves.
解析　词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“The waste...where sea life dies off.”和“because the water...and is quickly spread by the waves.”可知,Oneka的技术降低了排水中的盐浓度,并且可以借助海浪很快将其扩散,缓解了盐浓度太高导致海洋生物死亡的这个问题,故画线词的意思是“缓解”,故选A项。
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4.Which can be a suitable title for the text
A.Eco-driven Desalination Machines
B.Ocean Waves:The New Energy Solution
C.Wave-powered Green Desalination
D.Desalination:The Future of Fresh Water
解析　标题归纳题。根据全文内容,特别是第三段“This is where Oneka’s unique desalination technology... the see-through thin material system.”可知,文章主要讲述了Oneka利用海浪能源进行海水淡化的技术,故选C项。
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(2025·杭州高三质量检测)
Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole.Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales,such as sperm whales,have one hole,baleen (鲸须) whales,such as humpback and Rice’s whales,have two.
Even among the baleen whales,the place of those nostrils differs.In some species they are close together.In others,they are much further apart.In a paper published in Biology Letters,Conor Ryan,a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science, suggests why that might be.Having two nostrils,he argues,helps whales smell in stereo (立体声).
Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物),which they catch by filtering (过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths.But to eat something,you first have to find it.Toothed whales do not hunt by scent.In fact,the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures.But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs,which suggests smell remains important.And scent can indeed give zooplankton away.Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物).When these are under attack,they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphone,which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Most animals have stereoscopic senses.Having two eyes,for instance,allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth.Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming.Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.
The further apart the sensory organs are,the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them.The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species.Sure enough,baleen whales that often eat zooplankton,such as the North Atlantic right whale,have nostrils that are further apart than those,such as humpback whales,that eat zooplankton occasionally.Besides allowing them to breathe,it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了鲸鱼鼻孔的数目、分布位置以及鼻孔在捕食中发挥的作用等。
5.What do we know about whales’ blowholes according to the first two paragraphs
A.They are adapted ones.
B.They are developed merely for smell.
C.They are not easy to detect.
D.They are fixed universally in numbers.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔)...that spends its life at sea.”可知,鲸鱼的呼吸孔其实是鼻孔,它通过略微进化变成一种对在海上生活的哺乳动物更有用的形态。由此可知,鲸鱼的呼吸孔是进化而来的,故选A项。
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6.What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton
A.The teeth that baleen whales have.
B.The smell that phytoplankton send.
C.The sound waves that zooplankton create.
D.The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句和“Zooplankton like to eat...which in turn attracts baleen whales.”可知,须鲸捕食浮游动物,而浮游动物喜欢吃叫作浮游植物的微小生物。当浮游植物受到攻击时,它们会释放一种叫作二甲硫的特殊气体,从而吸引须鲸。由此可知,浮游植物释放的气体吸引须鲸捕食浮游动物,故选B项。
7.How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4
A.By quoting a theory.
B.By using examples.
C.By making contrast.
D.By making inferences.
解析　写作手法题。根据第四段中的“for instance”可知,本段是通过举例来说明“stereoscopic senses”的,故选B项。
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8.What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph
A.The sense of smell. B.The possibility to attract food.
C.The ability to locate food. D.The ability to communicate.
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“baleen whales that often eat zooplankton...in which direction dinner lies”可知,经常吃浮游动物的须鲸的鼻孔比偶尔吃浮游动物的鲸鱼的鼻孔间隔更远,一些鲸鱼似乎还用它们的呼吸孔来确定晚餐的方位。由此可知,鼻孔的位置与找到食物的能力相关,故选C项。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·郑州高三模拟)
Greenstein Prescott was a high school senior.Her English teacher,Fred DiMeo,gave her an assignment:　1　 a poem in front of the whole class.
Greenstein had a mild stutter (口吃).The 　2　 of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem was too much to 　3　.Greenstein went home and 　4　 how scared she was.Her mom agreed to write a note asking for her to be 　5　 from doing the assignment.
When the day finally came,Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo.Once she was 　6　,DiMeo said something Greenstein’d never heard before:He liked listening to her 　7　.For the first time,Greenstein considered the possibility that public speaking didn’t have to be a 　8　 of fear.“I think it was so 　9　 in his mind and I should have nothing to be 　10　 of,” Greenstein said.
Greenstein went on to graduate from high school and go to college.She never got to 　11　 thank DiMeo.But after college,she landed a job as a corporate trainer.The new 　12　 made her realize how big an impact DiMeo had had on her 　13　.
“He truly is an unsung 　14　 because he played a big role in my successful career.I don’t know where I would have been if I was fearful of 　15　 myself.I’d like to give him my thanks for that kindness,” Greenstein said.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Greenstein Prescott有轻度口吃,害怕在公众场合表现,在一次任务中,老师Fred DiMeo称赞她的声音,给了Greenstein Prescott自信,最后获得了事业的成功。
1.A.Create B.Recite C.Assess D.Repeat
解析　create创造;recite朗诵;assess评估;repeat重复。根据第三段“Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo”可知,DiMeo老师给Greenstein布置了朗诵诗歌的任务,故选B项。
2.A.chance B.memory C.trouble D.thought
解析　chance机会;memory记忆力;trouble麻烦;thought想法。根据“Greenstein had a mild stutter(口吃).”及“of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem”可知,这里表示Greenstein对于这件事情的想法,故选D项。
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3.A.bear B.control C.forget D.ignore
解析　bear忍受;control控制;forget忘记;ignore忽视。根据“stuttering through the poem”可知,一想到在同学面前会口吃,Greenstein就无法忍受,故选A项。
4.A.confirmed B.imagined C.revealed D.recorded
解析　confirm证实;imagine想象;reveal揭示,透露;record记录。根据“Greenstein went home and 　　　　how scared she was.”可知,回家应该是和妈妈透露自己有多害怕,故选C项。
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5.A.prohibited B.questioned C.excused D.discouraged
解析　prohibit禁止;question询问;excuse同意免除;discourage使……泄气。根据“Her mom agreed to write a note asking for her”及“from doing the assignment”可知,此处表示妈妈看到Greenstein十分害怕,就同意写便条请求同意孩子免除这个任务,be excused from doing意思为:同意免除做某事,故选C项。
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6.A.tired B.done C.stressed D.hesitant
解析　tired劳累的;done结束的;stressed有压力的;hesitant犹豫的。根据前文“Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo”可知,老师要求Greenstein一对一朗诵给老师听,结合“DiMeo said something Greenstein’d never heard before”可知,这是老师在Greenstein朗诵完成之后说的,故选B项。
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7.A.story B.voice C.opinion D.explanation
解析　story故事;voice声音;opinion观点;explanation解释。根据“He liked listening to her”可知,上文提及Greenstein有些结巴,所以此处是老师鼓励她,说喜欢她的声音,故选B项。
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8.A.feature B.source C.treatment D.signal
解析　feature特点;source来源;treatment治疗,对待;signal信号。根据上文“Greenstein went home and 　　　　how scared she was.”可知,得知老师让自己在公开场合朗诵诗歌,Greenstein一开始很害怕,但此处老师的话语让她意识到,公开演讲不一定是恐惧的来源,故选B项。
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9.A.minor B.funny C.flexible D.necessary
解析　minor轻微的;funny滑稽的;flexible灵活的;necessary必要的。根据上文“He liked listening to her 　　　　.”可知,老师喜欢Greenstein的声音,而忽略了她的口吃,所以她觉得这件事在老师的心里是十分轻微的缺点,故选A项。
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10.A.guilty B.proud C.mindful D.afraid
解析　guilty愧疚的;proud骄傲的;mindful留意的;afraid害怕的。根据上文“that public speaking didn’t have to be a 　　　　of fear.”可知,Greenstein在此处意识到,害怕也是没有必要的,故选D项。
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11.A.generously B.secretly C.properly D.regularly
解析　generously慷慨地;secretly秘密地;properly合适地,真正地;regularly规律地。根据“Greenstein went on to graduate from high school and go to college.”可知,Greenstein之后就毕业升学了,并没有真正地感谢过老师DiMeo,故选C项。
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12.A.position B.challenge C.connection D.opportunity
解析　position位置,职位;challenge挑战;connection联系;opportunity机会。根据“she landed a job as a corporate trainer”可知,Greenstein找到了工作,这个工作的职位让她想起了老师DiMeo,故选A项。
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13.A.family B.reputation C.confidence D.patience
解析　family家庭;reputation名声;confidence信心;patience耐心。根据上文“I think it was so 　　　　in his mind and I should have nothing to be 　　　　of”可知,老师DiMeo的话语缓解了Greenstein对口吃的自卑心理,对她的信心产生了积极影响,故选C项。
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14.A.hero B.citizen C.fighter D.volunteer
解析　hero英雄;citizen居民;fighter战士;volunteer志愿者。根据“because he played a big role in my successful career”可知,老师DiMeo在Greenstein眼里是一位英雄,故选A项。
15.A.forgiving B.punishing C.limiting D.embarrassing
解析　forgive原谅;punish惩罚;limit限制;embarrass使尴尬。根据上文可知,如果没有老师的话语,Greenstein仍然会害怕自己陷入尴尬,故选D项。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·东北师大附中高三模拟)
Over 400 pieces of Dehua white porcelain (德化白瓷) are on display in the National Museum of China in Beijing,with the exhibition 1.　　　　　　 (run) from Aug 26 for three months.
Dehua white porcelain is famous for its pure white color. According to Chen Chao,an artist dedicated to porcelain research,Dehua porcelain is 2.　　　　　　 (extraordinary) pure and white because the kaolin (高岭土) in Dehua county in Fujian has a low percentage of iron,making 3.　　　　　　 porcelain stainless like white jade.
Sitting in Quanzhou city,4.　　　　　　 the ancient Maritime Silk Road started,Dehua white porcelain 5.　　　　　　 (sell) like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty.In 2006,Dehua white porcelain 6.　　　　　　 (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage.
Despite the past glories,Dehua craftsmen never stop 7._________
(improve) their skills.One 8.　　　　　　 (impress) skill is “the eggshell technique”.9.　　　　　　 the technique improved by generations of craftsmen,today’s eggshell porcelain can be made as thin as paper.
“By combining traditional Chinese artistic skills with modern
10.　　　　　　 (discipline) like material science and humanities,Dehua white porcelain will continue to enhance the cultural confidence of the Chinese people as they create even more outstanding works,” said Chen.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了德化白瓷的特点和发展历史。
1.running　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处为with复合结构,其中的动词应为非谓语形式,the exhibition和run为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以为现在分词形式,故填running。]
2.extraordinarily　[考查词性转换。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词作状语修饰形容词pure,故填extraordinarily。]
3.the　[考查冠词。根据句意以及空后porcelain为名词可知,此处为特指上文提到的“德化白瓷”,故填the。]
4.where　[考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处为关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词Quanzhou city在从句中作地点状语成分,故填where。]
5.has sold/has been selling　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,根据该句since可知,时态为现在完成时,也可为现在完成进行时,结合主语Dehua white porcelain为单数意义名词,所以动词用第三人称单数形式,故填has sold/has been selling。]
6.was listed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,主语Dehua white porcelain为单数意义名词且和动词list为被动关系,结合时间状语In 2006可知,此处为一般过去时的被动语态结构,故填was listed。]
7.improving　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语stop doing sth“停止做某事”,所以此处为非谓语形式,故填improving。]
8.impressive　[考查词性转换。由空后skill为名词可知,此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词,满足句意要求,故填impressive。]
9.With　[考查介词。分析句子可知,此处为with复合结构,表示“随着,伴随着”,满足句意要求,且句首首字母大写,故填With。]
10.disciplines　[考查名词的数。根据句意以及空后“material science and humanities”提到两种原则可知,此处为名词复数形式,故填disciplines。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:potential adj.潜在的;Para.2:fuel n.燃料;
Para.3:equipment n.设备;
Para.5:innovative adj.创新的;complicated adj.复杂的
B Para.3:release v.释放,放出;Para.4:perceive v.注意到,意识到,察觉到;
Para.5:extract v.设法得到(对方不愿提供的信息、回答等);提取
熟词生义 A Para.2:run　熟义:v.跑;生义:v.运行;
Para.3:pump　熟义:n.泵;生义:v.抽水
B Para.5:photograph　熟义:n.照片;生义:vt.拍摄
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:turn into变成;Para.2:in general通常;
push through推动;Para.3:attach...to把……附在;
Para.5:solutions to……的解决方案
B Para.1:breathe through通过……呼吸;
Para.2:close together紧密在一起;
Para.3:remain important仍然重要;
Para.5:belong to属于
长 难 句 式 A Para.4:The waste from conventional desalination plants contains high concentrations of salt which is discharged into the sea,creating a zone where sea life dies off.
[分析]　这是一个复合句。关系代词which引导定语从句,修饰先行词salt;关系副词where引导定语从句,修饰先行词zone;现在分词短语creating a zone where sea life dies off作结果状语。
[译文]　传统脱盐厂的废物含有高浓度的盐,这些盐被排放到海中,形成一个海洋生物死亡的区域。
长 难 句 式 B Para.3:Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton(浮游动物),which they catch by filtering(过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths.
[分析]　which引导定语从句,修饰先行词zooplankton;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the sheets of fibrous baleen。
[译文]　许多类型的须鲸以被称为浮游动物的微小动物为食,它们用纤维状的鲸须片从海水中过滤浮游动物,这些鲸须片已经取代了它们嘴里的牙齿。

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