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选择性必修第一册　UNIT 4　Exploring poetry
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.nourish vt.　　　　 培养,助长;抚养,滋养
2.dimension n. 方面,侧面;规模,程度;维
3.allowance n. 津贴,补助;限额;零花钱
4.perceive vt. 注意到,意识到;将……理解为,将……视为
5.detect vt. 发现,查明,侦察出
6.rhyme n. 押韵词;押韵
vt. 使押韵
vi. 和……同韵
7.rigid adj. 死板的,僵硬的;固执的,僵化的
8.boom n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增,繁荣
vi. 迅速发展,激增,繁荣昌盛
9.mist n. 薄雾,水汽
10.legend n. 传说,传奇故事;传奇人物
11.complex adj. 复杂的,难懂的
n. 建筑群;复合体;情结
12.district n. 区,行政区;地区,区域
13.metaphor n. 暗喻,隐喻
14.exaggeration n. 夸张,夸大
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a clear clue　　　　　 一条清晰的线索
2.the caged bird 笼中鸟
3.a remote village 一个遥远的村庄
4.a sigh of relief 松了口气;如释重负
5.the inner feelings 内心的感情
6.my ideal college 我的理想大学
7.undergo a painful time 经历一段痛苦的时光
8.advocate building a low carbon campus
倡导建设低碳校园
9.striking imagination 惊人的想象力
10.encounter different customs and practices
遇到不同的风俗习惯
11.overcome numerous difficulties 战胜无数的困难
12.owe a debt to his inspirational poems得益于他那鼓舞人心的诗歌
13.blame it on you 把责任归咎于你
14.a sharp bend 一个急转弯处
15.grasp the opportunity 抓住机会
16.make a claim 提出索赔
17.cast a look 看一眼
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.freeze vt.& vi.　 (使)结冰
freezing adj. 冰冻的;极冷的
frozen adj. 结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的
2.imply vt. 含有……的意思,暗示,暗指
implication n. 含意;暗示;可能的影响
3.contradict vt. 反驳;相矛盾
contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的,对立的
4.interpret vt. 解释;阐释;把……理解为,领会;演绎
vi. 口译
interpreter n. 口译员
interpretation n. 解释;理解;演绎
5.patience n. 耐心;忍耐力
patient adj. 有耐心的;能忍耐的
n. 病人
patiently adv. 耐心地
impatient adj. 不耐烦的;没有耐心的
impatience n. 不耐烦
6.reward vt. 奖励,奖赏
n. 奖励,回报;悬赏金
rewarding adj. 值得做的;有益的
7.constant adj. 不断的;连续发生的
constantly adv. 始终,一直
8.logic n. 逻辑学;逻辑
logical adj. 符合逻辑的;必然的,合乎情理的
9.real adj. 真的
really adv. 真正地;真实地
reality n. 现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历
realistic adj. 现实的;实际的
10.industry n. 工业
industrial adj. 工业的
industrialize vt. 使工业化
industrialization n. 工业化
11.belief n. 看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心
believe vt. 相信;认为真实
believable adj. 可相信的
unbelievable adj. 难以置信的
12.character n. 品质,特性;特征;人物,角色
characterize/characterise vt. 是……的特征,以……为典型;使……具有特点;描述,刻画
13.stable adj. 稳定的;稳固的
stability n. 稳定(性),稳固(性)
14.tolerate vt. 容许;忍受;容忍
tolerant adj. 宽容的,容忍的;能耐……的
tolerance n. 宽容,容忍
15.distinguish vt.& vi. 成为……的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众
distinguished adj. 卓越的,著名的;高贵的,有尊严的
16.represent vt. 代表;象征
representative adj. 典型的,有代表性的
n. 典型人物,代表性人物;代表
17.fascinate vt.& vi. 深深吸引,迷住
fascinating adj. 迷人的,极有吸引力的
18.title n. 题目,标题;称号,头衔
entitle vt. 给……命名;使享有权利,使符合资格
19.vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
vitality n. 生命力,活力,热情
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.a better understanding of 更好地理解
2.more importantly 更重要的是
3.in one’s early twenties 在某人二十出头的时候
4.in the end 终于,最后
5.familiarize oneself with 让自己熟悉
6.dig up 发现,搜集,查明
7.set sth aside 把……放一边;留出
8.break with sth 与某事终止关联,破除
9.make allowance for 体谅;考虑到,估计到
10.pay attention to 注意;重视;留心;注意到
11.go beyond 超越
12.be rooted in 根源在于;植根于
13.be representative of 是……的代表,是……的典型
14.be inseparable from 与……密不可分
15.distinguish...from... 使……有别于……
16.be recognized as 被视为……,被认为是……
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.Second,approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. (as if/though从句中的虚拟语气)
第二,探索这首诗就好像你是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。
2.Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. (主语+be+ adj.+to do)
相比容易理解的诗,那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
3.It is believed that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years. (It+be+过去分词+that...)
人们认为这首诗是李白十几岁时写的。
4.Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel,Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties. (过去分词短语作状语)
在强烈的探险欲和游历欲的驱使下,李白二十岁出头便离家去周游。
5.During his travels,he visited famous mountains and great rivers,encountering different customs and practices. (现在分词短语作状语)
在他的旅行中,他参观了名山大川,遇见了不同的风俗习惯。
6.With his extraordinary imagination,free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language,Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan. (with介词短语作状语)
超尘脱俗的想象、强烈情感的自由抒发和对语言的精通,使李白被公认为是继屈原之后的最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。
词汇横拓串记
盘点后缀 ize的动词 聚焦“诗歌”相关词 end相关短语集锦
①character→characterize是……的特征 ②apology→apologize道歉 ③emphasis→emphasize强调 ④memory→memorize记住 ⑤modern→modernize使现代化 ⑥standard→standardize 使标准化 ⑦real→realize认识到;实现 ⑧symbol→symbolize 用符号代表 ①poem n.诗 ②poetry n.诗(总称);诗意 ③poet n.诗人 ④lyric n.抒情诗 ⑤rhyme n.韵;押韵;押韵的词 vi.& vt.(使)押韵 ⑥tone n.语气,音调 ⑦repetition n.重复;循环 ①in the end最后,终于 ②on end连续地;竖直地 ③at the end of在……的尽头 ④by the end of到……结束时 ⑤make ends meet量入为出 ⑥ 使某事结束
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.of three dimensions　　 三维的,立体的
2.detect a fault 发现一个错误
3.have complex social system 有复杂的社会制度
4.perceive another level of meaning 意识到另一层含义
5.an allowance of $20 a day 每天20美元补贴
6.a rigid explanation of the rules 对规则的严格解释
7.the figures in legends 传说中的人物
8.nourish the children well 好好培养这些孩子
9.economic boom 经济繁荣
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.clue n.　　　　 线索,提示;迹象
2.remote adj. 偏远的,偏僻的;遥远的,久远的;远亲的
3.advocate vt. 拥护,支持,提倡
n. 拥护者,支持者;辩护律师
4.blame vt. 把……归咎于,责怪,指责
n. 责任,责备,指责
5.undergo vt. 经历,经受
6.striking adj. 引人注目的,显著的;妩媚动人的,标致的
7.numerous adj. 众多的,许多的
8.owe vt. 欠(情);欠(债);归功于;归因于
9.grasp n. 理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及
vt. 抓紧;领会,理解
10.claim n. 声明,宣称;所有权;索赔
vt. 宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得
11.inner adj. 内心的,隐藏的;里面的,内部的
12.ideal n. 理想;典范
adj. 完美的,理想的
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.stable adj. 稳定的;稳固的
stability n. 稳定(性),稳固(性)
2.title n. 题目,标题;称号,头衔
entitle vt. 给……命名;使享有权利,使符合资格
3.represent vt. 代表;象征
representative adj. 典型的,有代表性的
n. 典型人物,代表性人物;代表
4.contradict vt. 反驳;相矛盾
contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的,对立的
5.fascinate vt.& vi. 深深吸引,迷住
fascinating adj. 迷人的,极有吸引力的
6.belief n. 看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心
believe vt. 相信;认为真实
believable adj. 可相信的
unbelievable adj. 难以置信的
7.interpret vt. 解释;阐释;把……理解为,领会;演绎
vi. 口译
interpreter n. 口译员
interpretation n. 解释;理解;演绎
8.patience n. 耐心;忍耐力
patient adj. 有耐心的;能忍耐的
n. 病人
patiently adv. 耐心地
impatient adj. 不耐烦的;没有耐心的
impatience n. 不耐烦
9.real adj. 真的
really adv. 真正地;真实地
reality n. 现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历
realistic adj. 现实的;实际的
10.distinguish vt.& vi. 成为……的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众
distinguished adj. 卓越的,著名的;高贵的,有尊严的
11.freeze vt.& vi. (使)结冰
freezing adj. 冰冻的;极冷的
frozen adj. 结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的
12.constant adj. 不断的;连续发生的
constantly adv. 始终,一直
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.dig up　　　　　 发现,搜集,查明
2.set sth aside 把……放一边;留出
3.more importantly 更重要的是
4.make allowance for 体谅;考虑到,估计到
5.be representative of 是……的代表,是……的典型
6.pay attention to 注意;重视;留心;注意到
7.familiarize oneself with 让自己熟悉
8.be rooted in 根源在于;植根于
9.distinguish...from... 使……有别于……
10.be recognized as 被视为……,被认为是……
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:It+be+过去分词+that...
It is believed that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.
人们相信,这种可怕的疾病很快就会得到控制。
2.句型公式:as if/though从句中的虚拟语气
He kept working as usual as if nothing had happened.
他像往常一样继续工作,好像什么事也没发生。
3.句型公式:主语 +be+adj.+to do
Today’s homework was easy to do,so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
今天的作业容易做,因此,迈克很快完成作业,然后出去玩耍了。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.Our school advocates that we should commit ourselves to building a low carbon campus.
2.The company claims that their products can make you slim without dieting.
3.Blamed by his teacher,the boy was frustrated and couldn’t concentrate on his study.
4.I am not afraid of making mistakes and grasp every opportunity to improve myself.
5.Unfortunately,her family underwent a tremendous change, because her father went bankrupt.
6.Without your generosity and inspiration,I would not have made such striking progress.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.The place of interest is so fascinating that many tourists are fascinated by its beautiful scenery. (fascinate)
2.The doctor patiently listened to the patient,and told him that the treatment needed patience. (patient)
3.My friend constantly accompanied me to the gym,and without his constant company,I may have given up working out halfway. (constant)
4.The distinguished scientist told the youngsters it was important to distinguish reality from one’s dreams. (distinguish)
5.Her childhood dream became a reality,which really made her parents proud of her. (real)
6.He is a representative of his company and he will represent his company to sign the contract. (represent)
Ⅲ.短语填空
familiarize oneself with　set sth aside　be rooted in　make allowance for　pay attention to　be representative of
1.It was obvious that the feeling of insecurity was rooted in his childhood.
2.We must pay attention to these problems and take effective measures to solve them.
3.I’m sorry,Mr Smith,please make allowance for our difficulties.
4.You must familiarize yourself with the procedures before you start your work.
5.It goes without saying that this novel is representative of his writing style.
6.You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I was a baby,my mother used to read me nursery rhymes.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, 1.but they are easy to learn and recite.They can also display the 2.hidden(hide) beauty of simple and ordinary things.
Slowly,I fell in love with poetry.Poetry 3.implies(imply) a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.So I often imagine myself to be 4.an explorer.It is exciting to encounter poems filled with striking images.5.Interpreting(interpret) poetry can be difficult but interesting.At the beginning,to understand a poem is so difficult 6.that I want to abandon,but I know I have to be 7.patient(patience).I will not 8.be rewarded(reward) immediately,but when I finally grasp its meaning,it will stay with me for a long time.Also,when I read poetry regularly,I will 9.constantly(constant) discover new things—even in poems that I have read many times before.Reading poetry is like trying to detect and dig 10.up a treasure.I can use a poem as a treasure map that will eventually guide me to exciting new discoveries.
1.patience n.耐心;忍耐力→patient adj.有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人
佳句背诵　
There is no denying that it was my teacher’s encouragement and help with patience that resulted in my steady progress.
不可否认的是,正是我的老师的鼓励和耐心的帮助,使我取得了稳步的进步。
with patience=patiently 耐心地
lose patience 失去耐心
have the patience to do... 有耐心做……
be patient with 对……有耐心
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Learning a new language requires a lot of effort, but if you have the patience to practice (practice) regularly, you will definitely improve over time.
②She was usually patient with her students for which they showed great respect for her.
她对她的学生通常很有耐心,因此他们十分尊重她。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Seeing their frustrated faces,the father helped them prepare breakfast for their mother with patience/patiently. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看到他们沮丧的脸庞,父亲耐心地帮助他们为妈妈准备早餐。
2.reward vt.奖励,奖赏 n.奖励,回报;悬赏金→rewarding adj.值得做的;有益的
佳句背诵　
It was owing to the trip that we were rewarded with an unforgettable memory.
正是由于这次旅行,我们才得到了难忘的回忆。
reward sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人
reward sb with sth 用某物/某事回报某人
as a reward for... 作为对……的报酬
in reward for 为报答……;作为……的奖赏
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding (reward) experience. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②我很乐意带你游玩北京,以报答你的慷慨相助。 (感谢信)
→I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing as a reward for your generous help. (as)
→I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for your generous help. (in)
教考衔接　单句写作
③Through the rewarding experience,apart from the service hours,I was rewarded with something more valuable: Every small action of kindness makes an impact. (总结句,2022·浙江6月卷)
通过这次有益的经历,除了服务时间,我得到了更有价值的回报:每一个微小的善举都会产生影响。
3.advocate vt.拥护,支持,提倡 n.拥护者,支持者,辩护律师
佳句背诵　
The reason why we advocate building a low carbon campus is that we must protect the environment and the earth.(倡议书)　我们倡导建设低碳校园的原因是我们必须保护环境和地球。
advocate (doing) sth 提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
advocate+that...(should) do sth 提倡……
It is advocated that...(should) do sth 主张/提倡……
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I advocate that we (should) strengthen (strengthen) our sense of duty to preserve our planet from being hurt. (倡议书)
②It is advocated that all people (should) live a low carbon life to protect our environment. (环境保护)
提倡人人过低碳生活来保护我们的环境。
教考衔接　单句写作
③I advocate that we (should) defend our oceans from being polluted for the benefit of human beings. (海洋保护,2022·全国甲卷)
我主张为了人类的利益,我们应该保护我们的海洋免受污染。
4.distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的;高贵的;有尊严的
佳句背诵　
Reading good books enriches our knowledge and teaches us to distinguish between right and wrong.
阅读好书丰富我们的知识,并教会我们分辨是非。
以练促学　单句语法填空/词汇升级
distinguish between A and B 区分A和B
distinguish...from... 使……有别于……;把……与……区分开来
be distinguished for... 因……而出名
be distinguished as... 作为……而出名
①It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man from the other animals.
②Famous for its attractive scenery,Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year. (推荐信)
→Distinguished for its attractive scenery,Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.
教考衔接　单句写作
③What is well known to us all is that China is a country with a long history and is also distinguished for many a traditional art,one of which is paper cutting,dating from two thousand years ago. (咨询信,2021·全国甲卷)
众所周知,中国是一个历史悠久的国家,也是一个以许多传统艺术闻名的国家,其中之一就是两千多年前的剪纸。
5.owe vt.欠(情);欠(债);归功于
佳句背诵　
I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.
我的成功要归功于我的社会老师,她是我人生写作道路上的灯塔。 (人物介绍)
owe sb sth/owe sth to sb 欠某人某物
owe sth to sb/sth 把某事归功于某人/某事
owe it to sb that... 把……归功于某人
owing to 因为,由于
以练促学　单句写作
①I owe an apology to you/owe you an apology for failing to go outing with you this Sunday.
本周日我不能和你去郊游,我得向你道歉。
②Owing to his ignorance of traffic rules, he was to blame for the traffic accident and was fined a great deal.
由于他无视交通规则,他要为这次交通事故负责,并被处以巨额罚款。
教考衔接　单句写作
③David was out of breath at the finishing line,saying,“It is owing to your encouragement that I can overcome my internal panic to challenge myself in the cross country run.” (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫在终点线气喘吁吁地说道:“正是因为您的鼓励,我才能够克服内心的恐惧,在越野赛中挑战自我。”
6.blame vt.把……归咎于,责怪,指责n.责任,责备,指责
佳句背诵　
Blamed for the failure of the performance,Tim felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly.(情绪描写)
蒂姆被责备为演出失败负责,一阵悲伤袭来,他忍不住痛哭。
be to blame (for sth) (对某事)负有责任,应受责备
blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人;把某事归咎于某人
blame sth on sb/sth 把某事归咎于某人/某事
take the blame 承担过错
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Over whelmed by embarrassment and guilt, I blamed myself for failing to resist temptation around me.
②Don’t always blame your own failure on others.You should take/bear the blame for failure.(主旨升华)　不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人,你应该为失败承担责任。
教考衔接　单句写作
③“Was I to blame for all these embarrassments ” I guiltily thought to myself. (心理+动作描写,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
“这些尴尬都怪我吗 ”我内疚地想。
片段巩固 用patience;reward;owe;blame完成片段
写作提示:坚持是宝贵品质→耐心努力工作,得到回报→成就归功于持续努力→切记:未成功要反思自己不责怪他人
　　In our study and life, persistence is a valuable quality. When we work hard with patience, we often get rewards. We should know that our achievements owe to our continuous efforts, not just luck. Keep it in mind that if we don’t succeed, we shouldn’t blame others but reflect on ourselves.
1.句型公式:as if/though从句中的虚拟语气
课本原句:Second,approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.
第二,探索这首诗就好像你是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。
佳句背诵　
I simply stood there dumbfounded as if my feet had been rooted to the ground.
我只是目瞪口呆地站在那里,好像我的脚已经扎根在地上了。 (神态描写,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
(1)as if从句用陈述语气:从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。
(2)as if从句用虚拟语气:
·从句用一般过去时(表示与现在的事实相反);
·从句用过去完成时(表示与过去的事实相反);
·从句用would/could/might do形式(表示与将来的事实相反)
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done (do) it
②He spoke English perfectly as if he had lived in England for many years.
他讲英语非常完美,好像在英国居住了很多年似的。
③He is waiting for the results with anxiety as if he were sitting on pins and needles.
他焦虑地等待着结果,如坐针毡。
教考衔接　单句写作
④David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫坚持跑,就好像他忘记了自己所有的弱点。
2.句型公式:主语+be+adj.+to do
课本原句:Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.
相比容易理解的诗,那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
佳句背诵　
Although the lady looks elegant,actually she is hard to get along with.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅,但实际上却很难与之相处。
[点拨]　不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,若不定式为不及物动词,其后应该加相应的介词。
“主语+be+ adj.+不定式”结构中,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件:
(1)不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系;
(2)常用形容词有:difficult、hard、easy、comfortable、good、interesting、exciting等。
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①Even though the problem was difficult to solve,I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will,there is a way”.
即使这个问题很难解决,我也没有放弃,因为我坚信“有志者,事竟成”。
②我不仅容易相处而且我也乐意帮助处在困境中的人。 (申请信)
→I am not only easy to get along/on with but also willing to help others in trouble.
→Not only am I easy to get along/on with but also I am willing to help others in trouble. (倒装)
教考衔接　单句写作
③It seemed that my partner was difficult to get along/on with,but gradually I was comfortable to discuss the project with him. (2022·浙江1月卷)
似乎我的搭档很难相处,但是逐渐地我很舒服地和他一起讨论了那个项目。
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains,”Dr.Livingstone says.(全国Ⅲ卷) vt.表现
2.We are all entitled to equal protection under the law. vt.使享有权利
3.As is known to all,they live in a large apartment complex. n.建筑综合体
4.He is an advocate for more airplanes and fewer warships. n.倡导者
5.I would like to acknowledge my debt to my teacher. n.情义,恩情
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.grasp n.理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及 vt.抓紧;领会,理解
①Initially,we didn’t fully grasp the importance of what had happened. vt.领会,理解
②I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further. vt.抓紧
③These ideas are all beyond his grasp, because he is too young. n.理解,领会
2.claim n.声明,宣称;所有权;索赔 vt.宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得;夺取(生命);认领
①It is claimed that the red dragon is a positive symbol,indicating strength and a sense of national identity. vt.宣称,声称
②The police say that if no one claims the watch,you can keep it. vt.认领
③The company has made a claim for damages caused by the delay of delivery. n.索赔
④It is reported that the hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives. vt.夺取(生命)
维度二　核心知识运用
1.I worried that Tilly constantly (constant) climbing the stairs could reopen the wound.
2.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding (reward).
3.However,research suggests that if we practiced patience (patient),we’d be a whole lot better off.
4.The past decades have seen the striking (strike) overall development of documentaries about China.
5.They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.
6.Tom and his new friend talked as though they had been (be) friends for years.
7.Nowadays some students are not to blame (blame) for their laziness.Instead,they put the blame for their poor performance in study on their low IQ.
8.It’s said that she tries to set aside some money every month.
9.The government claimed to provide (provide) allowance for people who made great contributions to our country.
10.Some representatives advocate letting (let) civilians participate in political affairs.
维度三　完成句子
1.The truth of the accident was dug up by a well informed journalist.
这个事故的真相是被一位消息灵通的新闻记者发现的。
2.More importantly,you should learn from the mistakes that you have made before.
更重要的是,你应该从以前犯过的错误中吸取教训。
3.Life is like a long competitive race in which we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves.
人生就像一场漫长的竞赛,我们与别人竞争,以超越自己。
4.He is recognized as one of the most influential artists China has ever known.
他被认为是中国有史以来最具有影响力的画家之一。
5.Only when you have a better understanding of Chinese table manners can you behave properly.
只有当你更好地了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪时,你才能表现得体。
6.We should respect her.After all,she finished the work in the end.
我们应该尊重她。毕竟,她最终完成了这项工作。
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(发言稿——诗歌欣赏)
假如你是李华。你校将邀请史密斯教授作“如何写并欣赏诗歌”的在线讲座,请你写一篇发言稿,介绍这次讲座的内容。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①首先,我代表大家向史密斯教授表示衷心的感谢,因为他欣然同意给我们做这个题为“如何写并欣赏诗歌”的在线讲座。 (entitle)
First of all, on behalf of everyone, I’d like to express our heartfelt appreciation to Prof.Smith for his graciously agreeing to deliver us this online lecture entitled “How to Write and Enjoy Poems”.
②史密斯教授是一位杰出的诗人,他的诗歌有些难以理解,他将通过分享自己的诗歌,从结构、意象和押韵等方面来说明诗歌的内涵(connotation)。(distinguished,grasp,rhyme,主语+be+adj.+to do)
Prof.Smith is a distinguished poet, whose poetry is somewhat hard to grasp,and he will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems.
③这是一个很好的机会来提高我们的写作技能,我坚信这将对我们所有人都有重大的好处。 (belief)
It is a great opportunity to improve our writing skills and I hold the firm belief that it will be of significant benefit to us all.
④正如提倡的那样,我希望所有出席者都能积极参与,并遵循他的教导。 (advocate)
I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as advocated.
⑤据称讲座结束后会有一个五分钟的问答环节,让你有机会提问并积极参与讨论。 (claim,it作形式主语)
It’s claimed that there will be a five minute question and answer session following the lecture, which will give you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
Dear fellow students,
First of all, on behalf of everyone, I’d like to express our heartfelt appreciation to Prof.Smith for his graciously agreeing to deliver us this online lecture entitled “How to Write and Enjoy Poems”.
Prof.Smith is a distinguished poet, whose poetry is somewhat hard to grasp,and he will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems.Thus, it is a great opportunity to improve our writing skills and I hold the firm belief that it will be of significant benefit to us all.
I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as advocated.It’s claimed that there will be a five minute question and answer session following the lecture, which will give you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:12岁的阿黛尔家庭贫困。在一次回家的路上,阿黛尔被艺术学校的钢琴声吸引,但意识到父母无法负担她学钢琴,她心情非常沉重。第二天阿黛尔再次路过艺术学校,在经过一所老房子时,她被飘来的钢琴声吸引,不由自主地进入了房子里。房子里的老妇人招呼了阿黛尔,邀请她坐在钢琴旁,然后继续演奏钢琴,突然阿黛尔哭了起来,老妇人停了下来。
场景续写1:
她担心地询问→阿黛尔告诉她关于自己对音乐的热爱但父母买不起钢琴→老妇人安慰她说自己要去儿子那里生活,想让阿黛尔保管这架钢琴→女孩震惊得不敢相信自己的耳朵→老妇人要求女孩承诺保管好钢琴
“What’s up,my child Why are you upset ” She asked with worry.　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
场景续写2:
阿黛尔承诺永远保管这架钢琴→父母惊讶地看到家里多了一架钢琴→女孩讲述了与老妇人的相遇→父母非常感激→抓住每一个机会学习弹钢琴→成长为一位著名的钢琴家→尽管演奏过最昂贵的钢琴,但家里的那一架对她意义非凡
Adele cried in joy and promised to keep the piano forever.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
“What’s up,my child Why are you upset ” She asked with worry.Adele told her about her passion for music.“It would take my parents their lifetime to bring one home,” Adele cried.The elderly woman comforted her and said,“I am leaving to live with my son,and I am looking for someone to keep the piano.Then you are the person.” The girl was shocked and couldn’t believe her ears.The elderly woman continued,“But you can have it only if you promise me to keep it safe,no matter what will happen,will you ”
Adele cried in joy and promised to keep the piano forever.Days later,Adele’s parents were shocked to see a piano inside.The girl explained her meeting with the elderly woman.The parents were so grateful,thinking her girl was really lucky.Although Adele didn’t know how to play the piano perfectly,she had a good start.For the following years,she took every chance to learn to play the piano and practiced hard.And she finally grew up as a well known pianist.Though she had played on the most expensive pianos,the one in her house meant a lot to her!
　　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读C)
Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book,represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears throughout history,in art made long before books as we now know them came into being.In artists’ representations of books and reading,we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books”,artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school,with the books as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume,deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago,but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智),wealth or faith of the subject.Before the wide use of the printing press,books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right.More recently,as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway,artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers,pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st century point of view,the printed book is certainly ancient,but it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader.To serve its function,a book must be activated by a user:the cover opened,the pages parted,the contents reviewed,perhaps notes written down or words underlined.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked,a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private,“off line” activity.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》让我们看到了超越文化与时间的共同人性。网络化的生活中,电子书的推广并不能取代印刷书的使用,阅读印刷书仍然是一个完全私人的活动。
28.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.An introduction to a book.
B.An essay on the art of writing.
C.A guidebook to a museum.
D.A review of modern paintings.
答案　A　[文章出处题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration...three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”可知,《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品,而本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知,本文最有可能摘自书的序言,故选A项。]
29.What are the selected artworks about
A.Wealth and intellect.
B.Home and school.
C.Books and reading.
D.Work and leisure.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和第二句可知,被选中的艺术品强调的是图书和阅读,故选C项。]
30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Understand. B.Paint.
C.Seize. D.Transform.
答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段尾句“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago,but they record moments we can all relate to.”中的but表达的语境可知,这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的,但它们记录了我们都能理解的时刻。故画线词意为“理解”,故选A项。]
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e reader
A.The printed book is not totally out of date.
B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据本文尾句可知,在我们日益网络化的生活中,我们所消费的信息被监控和跟踪,与之相反,印刷书仍然提供了一个完全私人的、“离线”活动的机会。该句强调了印刷书的价值,据此可知,作者提及电子书旨在说明印刷书并未完全过时,故选A项。]
思维建模
推断文章出处
文章出处题要求考生具备一定的常识,能够根据文章的体裁和内容来推断文章的出处或类别。
文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称→newspaper
推销介绍新产品→advertisement
文章中有click here等网络用语→website
旅游胜地方面的介绍→travel guide
时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine/journal/entertainment section
科普知识→science report
文化教育类文章→education section
以例示法(如28题)
一判:由题干判断题目类型,推断文章出处
二推:根据关键句推理判断,根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration...three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”可知,《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品,而本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。
三比:比较各选项可知,本文最有可能摘自书的序言,故选A。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:artwork n.艺术品;Para.2:volume n.卷,册;Para.4:e reader n.电子阅读器;content n.内容;review v.回顾,复习 Para.1:the image of the reader读者的形象;moments of shared humanity共享人性的时刻;Para.3:demonstrate the intellect展示才智;raw material for artworks艺术品的原材料; Para.4:a wholly private,“off line”activity完全私人的“线下”活动
析 长 难 语 句 Para.1:In artists’ representations of books and reading,we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. [句式分析]　这是一个复合句。句子的主干是we see moments;介词短语In artists’ representations of books and reading为句子的状语;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词moments。 [尝试翻译]　在艺术家对书籍和阅读的描述中,我们看到了超越文化和时间的共享人性的时刻。 [语言赏析]　这句话通过精炼的逻辑结构,有效地传达了艺术家对书籍和阅读的描述中所揭示的人类共性。句子展示了艺术如何超越特定的文化和时间背景,触及人类共有的情感和体验。
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·重庆质量抽测)
Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse has just been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”.
The Swedish Academy credits Fosse as “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”,although the 64 year old originally made his name as a novelist,beginning with Red,Black in 1983.He has since written many works of prose and poetry.“His literary works,spanning a variety of genres (体裁),comprises about 40 plays and a wealth of novels,poetry collections,essays,children’s books and translations,”said Anders Olsson,chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature.
Jon Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles,which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style.Growing up in a small coastal village,Fosse was immersed in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea,which filled him with a sense of solitude and introspection (内省) that is reflected in his works.Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness,longing,and the search for meaning in life.Additionally,his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depth of human emotions and existential despair.
“He touches you so deeply when you read his works,”said Anders Olsson.“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing.It touches your deepest feelings—anxieties,insecurities,questions of life and death—which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning.In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of a universal impact of everything that he writes—it has appeal to this basic humanity.”
Fosse is the first ever laureate writing in Nynorsk,one of the two official languages of Norwegian,but only used by just 10% of the population.As The Guardian writes,“Many Nynorsk speakers see Fosse ‘as a kind of national hero’ for his championing of the language.”Fosse’s recognition on a global stage promotes the visibility and importance of Nynorsk as a written standard.It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature,inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and promoting their linguistic (语言的) heritage.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了Jon Fosse凭借其创新性的戏剧和散文荣获2023年诺贝尔文学奖。他是第一位使用新挪威语写作的诺贝尔奖获得者,他的获奖提升了新挪威语作为书面标准的知名度和重要性,并将吸引更多人关注新挪威语文学,促进新挪威语的发展和保护。
1.What do we learn about Jon Fosse from paragraph 2
A.His most popular work is the play Red,Black.
B.He accomplished various genres of literature works.
C.Many famous plays are the inspiration for his writing.
D.His language skills earned him the Nobel Prize in Literature.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His literary works,spanning...children’s books and translations”可知,Fosse的文学作品涵盖多种体裁,包括约40部戏剧以及大量小说、诗集、散文、儿童读物和译作。]
2.What does the underlined word “solitude” mean in paragraph 3
A.Loss. B.Fear.
C.Loneliness. D.Sympathy.
答案　C　[词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句的句子结构可知,画线词与“introspection (内省)”并列,“that is reflected in his works”为定语从句。再结合下文中的“Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness,longing,and the search for meaning in life.”可知,Fosse的作品探讨了孤独、渴望和探寻人生意义的主题。由此可推知,画线词应表示“孤独”,与loneliness意思一致。]
3.What is special about Jon Fosse’s works according to Anders Olsson
A.They show the bond between humans and nature.
B.They guide readers to focus on personal feelings.
C.They explore the inner meaning of life.
D.They touch human’s deepest emotions.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing.It touches your deepest feelings”可知,Fosse的特别之处在于他作品中的亲密感,这种亲密感触动你最深的情感。]
4.What is the contribution made by Jon Fosse
A.Finding the importance of linguistic diversity.
B.Improving the international status of Norway.
C.Promoting the development and preservation of Nynorsk.
D.Shaping the basic writing standard of Norwegian literature.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,Fosse是第一位使用新挪威语写作的诺贝尔奖获得者,他的获奖提升了新挪威语作为书面标准的知名度和重要性,并将吸引更多人关注新挪威语文学,激励和鼓励讲新挪威语的人继续保护和发展他们的语言遗产。]
(2025·武汉高三调研)
The greatest irony (讽刺) of the world wide celebrations held in 2012 to honour the 200th anniversary (周年纪念) of the first edition of the Grimms’ Kinder und Hausm rchen involves the discovery that most people really don’t know the original Grimms’ tales published in two volumes in 1812 and 1815.
If we return to take a closer look at the first edition,we’ll find it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from oral tradition and preserve them for future generations.
When Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm began collecting all kinds of folk tales and songs at the beginning of the 19th century,what attracted them to concentrate on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were located in the past,while modern literature,even though it might be remarkably rich,was artificial and thus could not express the genuine quality of folk culture that originated naturally from people’s experiences and bound the people together. Broadly speaking,the Grimms sought to collect and preserve ancient things consisting of tales,songs and documents. They intended to demonstrate how natural language,originating from the needs and customs of the common people,created genuine bonds and helped form civilized communities.
Turning to the first edition,a reader might notice that,totally unlike the final edition of 1857,the first edition collects more genuine folk tales,keeping spoken and raw contents,despite the fact that the language is not as pleasing as that in later revised versions. For instance,Snow White’s mother,not her stepmother,wants to kill the beautiful girl out of envy. The storytellers do not beat about the bush and they tell the truths they know,engaging people to learn from symbols how to engage their realities,even though magic,incredible transformation and cruelty are involved.
Lastly,the Grimms’ little known first edition reveals forgotten voices that are actually deep within us. Therefore,the irresistibility of the Grimms’ tales are that really not theirs,but ours.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了《格林童话》第一版的重要性,以及其中所包含的真实民间故事对民间文化的保护和传承意义。
5.According to the author,why should we rediscover the Grimms’ first edition
A.To explore its origin.
B.To appreciate its significance.
C.To honour its 200th anniversary.
D.To remember the Brothers Grimm.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段可知,作者认为重新研究《格林童话》的初版可以让我们意识到这本书是如何鼓舞全欧洲的民间文化学者去收集口口相传的传统故事并把它们保留给子孙后代的。换句话说,就是通过重读这本书的第一版来认识它的重要性,故选B。]
6.What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about
A.The quality of the folk culture.
B.The contents of the first edition.
C.The feature of the old German literature.
D.The motivation of the Grimms collecting tales.
答案　D　[段落大意题。根据第三段中的“what attracted them to concentrate on...forms of culture were located in the past”和“They intended to demonstrate...form civilized communities.”可知,本段主要讲述了格林兄弟最初收集德国古典文学故事的原因和他们打算展现的内容,也就是他们的最初动机,故D项正确。]
7.What can we learn about Snow White in the first edition
A.It is loosely based on the folk tale.
B.It instructs readers to integrate into life.
C.It is appealing for its beautiful language.
D.It exposes envy and cruelty of the stepmother.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第四段可知,《格林童话》的首版中,因为嫉妒想要杀死白雪公主的是她的亲生母亲,而非继母。所以首版更侧重于人们应当直面生活中的残酷现实,并从中学会从象征中获取生活的经验和教训。因此,第一版的白雪公主更多是一个教育性的故事,即提醒读者更直面并融入现实生活。故B项正确。]
8.What can we infer about the Brothers Grimm from the text
A.They were collectors of antiques.
B.They kept their style in later editions.
C.They thought highly of modern literature.
D.They were pioneers in preserving folk culture.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it was this edition that inspired scholars...preserve them for future generations”可知,《格林童话》的初版让我们意识到这本书是如何鼓舞全欧洲的民间文化学者去收集口口相传的传统故事并把它们保留给子孙后代的。据此可以推断,格林兄弟是保护民间文化的先驱者,故选D。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·河南名校联盟高三联考)
Spear moved from the United States to Beijing 21 years ago.His 　1　 in China began during college.His love for China deepened when he met his wife to be,Tang and married her two years later.
In 2003,he decided to 　2　 his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California,Berkeley,and move to China to get to the heart of things.
He says that it was fate that led him to 　3　 beneath the Great Wall,where he and his 　4　 discovered their future home in Mutianyu.For nearly 10 years,the couple spent their weekends at this beautiful place before deciding to make it their 　5　 home in 2013.
As a(n) 　6　,Spear renovated (翻新) his dream house in a village near the Great Wall,which comes with multiple views of the Great Wall.Shortly after embracing full time 　7　 life,Spear was approached by village head Li Lianting,who explained that Mutianyu was rapidly losing 　8　 and badly in need of local 　9　.This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　10　 rural residents.
After looking into the matter,he rented an old 　11　 schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory to make it 　12　.He has helped renovate around 20 　13　 where villagers no longer live.He 　14　 them into hotels or restaurants,which brought much income to villagers.In recognition of his 　15　,Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award in 2024.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国人Spear放弃学业来到中国并在中国认识了自己的妻子,他与妻子定居在长城脚下的村庄,并帮助村庄发展乡镇产业。
1.A.belief B.life
C.interest D.future
答案　C　[belief信念;life生命;interest兴趣;future未来。根据下文“In 2003,he decided to 　　　　his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California,Berkeley,and move to China to get to the heart of things.”可知,Spear选择辍学来中国,可以推断出,他对中国产生了兴趣,故选C项。]
2.A.drop out of B.adapt to
C.carry on D.concentrate on
答案　A　[drop out of退出;adapt to适应;carry on继续;concentrate on集中精力于。根据下文“and move to China to get to the heart of things”可知,后来他辍学来到了中国,故选A项。]
3.A.wait B.settle
C.perform D.advertise
答案　B　[wait等待;settle定居;perform执行;advertise做广告。根据下文“he and his 　　　　discovered their future home in Mutianyu”以及“As a(n) 　　　　,Spear renovated his dream house in a village near the Great Wall”可知,他应该是定居在了长城脚下,故选B项。]
4.A.classmate B.child
C.wife D.friend
答案　C　[classmate同学;child孩子;wife妻子;friend朋友。根据下文“the couple”可知,Spear和他的妻子发现了他们未来的家,故选C项。]
5.A.formal B.temporary
C.instant D.permanent
答案　D　[formal正式的;temporary临时的;instant立即的;permanent永久的。根据上文“For nearly 10 years,the couple spent their weekends at this beautiful place before deciding to make it their”及后文“home in 2013”可知,这对夫妇近十年来都在这个美丽的地方度过周末,后来2013年决定把这里作为他们的永久住所,故选D项。]
6.A.architect B.expert
C.planner D.gardener
答案　A　[architect建筑师;expert专家;planner规划师;gardener花匠。根据下文“This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　　　　rural residents.”可知,Spear是建筑师,故选A项。]
7.A.urban B.mountain
C.village D.town
答案　C　[urban城市的;mountain山;village村庄;town镇。根据上文“Spear renovated (翻新) his dream house in a village”可知,Spear住在了村子里,故选C项。]
8.A.residents B.farmers
C.authors D.citizens
答案　A　[resident居民;farmer农民;author作者;citizen公民。根据下文“This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　　　　rural residents.”可知,这个村庄在快速地流失居民,故选A项。]
9.A.conferences B.businesses
C.activities D.landscapes
答案　B　[conference会议;business商业,公司;activity活动;landscape风景。根据下文“He 　　　　them into hotels or restaurants,which brought much income to villagers.”可知,村里应该是需要当地的企业,故选B项。]
10.A.greeting B.charging
C.supporting D.memorizing
答案　C　[greet问候;charge充电;support支持,养活;memorize记忆。根据上文“Mutianyu was rapidly losing 　　　　and badly in need of local 　　　　”可知,Spear建村镇商业来寻找方法养活村民,故选C项。]
11.A.advanced B.dangerous
C.grand D.abandoned
答案　D　[advanced高级的;dangerous危险的;grand壮丽的;abandoned被遗弃的,废弃的。根据下文“schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory to make it 　　　　”可知,他租赁了老旧、废弃的校舍,然后把它改造成一家餐厅和玻璃艺术工厂,以使它能够可持续利用,故选D项。]
12.A.sustainable B.creative
C.worthwhile D.professional
答案　A　[sustainable可持续的;creative创造性的;worthwhile值得的;professional职业的。根据前文的“he rented an old 　　　　schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory”可知,他租了一所废弃的旧校舍,把它变成了一家餐厅和玻璃艺术工厂,从而使其能够可持续利用,故选A项。]
13.A.schools B.factories
C.houses D.libraries
答案　C　[school学校;factory工厂;house房屋,房子;library图书馆。根据下文“where villagers no longer live”可知,Spear 翻新了村民不再居住的房子,故选C项。]
14.A.divided B.turned
C.broke D.put
答案　B　[divide划分;turn(使)变成,成为;break打破;put放。根据上文的“he rented an old 　　　　schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory”和“He has helped renovate around 20　　　　 where villagers no longer live.”可知,Spear 翻新了村民不再居住的房子,他把它们变成了旅馆或餐馆,故选B项。]
15.A.contributions B.emotion
C.identity D.influence
答案　A　[contribution贡献;emotion情绪;identity身份;influence影响。根据下文“Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award in 2024”可知,为了认可他的贡献,他被授予 “长城友谊奖”,故选A项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·开封高三模考)
“The Chinese language 1.　　　　　　 (become) popular among Lebanese students in the past five years,” says Antoine Hokayem,a professor and local director of the Confucius Institute at the University of Saint Joseph (USJ).
“In the past,Lebanese students used to register for the Chinese language as an 2.　　　　　　 (elect) course.Today,we receive students from the USJ and other universities who aim to learn the language to either work in China 3.　　　　　　 continue their education in the East Asian countries,” Hokayem said on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the institute.
Engineering and telecommunication students are among the people who are most interested in the language as they aim 4.　　　　　　 (continue) their higher education in China.Other students attend the institute’s courses with the intention of providing 5.　　　　　　 (assist) for their parents who are engaged 6.　　　　　　 trade activities with Chinese partners.
“We have small children who learn the language and speak 7.　　　　　　 (fluent) with their Chinese teachers.More than half of our students now come from outside our university.”
8.　　　　　　 (found) in 2006 through a partnership between China’s Shenyang Normal University and the USJ,the Confucius Institute at the USJ was selected as one of the
9.　　　　　　 (good) Confucius Institutes in the world for its cultural and social activities.In recent years,the institute has held lectures 10.　　　　　　 cover topics including China’s economy and cultural values as well as Peking Opera and the Belt and Road Initiative.
【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述了汉语在黎巴嫩学生中越来越受欢迎,在这些学生中开始流行学习汉语的热潮。
1.has become　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处作谓语。根据时间状语“in the past five years”可知,时态用现在完成时;又因主语The Chinese language 表示第三人称单数概念,故填has become。]
2.elective　[考查词性转换。空前是不定冠词an,空后是名词,故空处应用形容词修饰名词。故填elective。]
3.or　[考查并列连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处形成了either...or...结构,意为“或者……或者……”,故填or。]
4.to continue　[考查非谓语动词。考查固定短语aim to do“力求达到”,故填to continue。]
5.assistance　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处应用名词作providing的宾语,故填assistance。]
6.in　[考查介词。考查固定短语be engaged in“从事”,故填in。]
7.fluently　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处应用副词修饰动词speak,故填fluently。]
8.Founded　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语,found与其逻辑主语the Confucius Institute之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词,故填Founded。]
9.best　[考查比较等级。根据句意和空前定冠词the可知,此处应用形容词最高级修饰名词,故填best。]
10.that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是表示物的lectures,从句中缺少主语,故填that/which。]
单词 聚焦 B Para.3:genuine adj.真的;名副其实的;真诚的;demonstrate v.证明;证实;说明; remarkably adv.非凡地;惊人地;非常;Para.5:irresistibility n.不可抗拒
词块 积累 B Para.3:broadly speaking大体上讲;Para.4:out of envy出于嫉妒;beat about the bush旁敲侧击;转弯抹角(共164张PPT)
UNIT 4　Exploring poetry
选择性必修第一册
主题语境:小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、
经典演讲、文学名著等
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.nourish vt.　 培养,助长;抚养,滋养
2.dimension n. 方面,侧面;规模,程度;维
3.allowance n. 津贴,补助;限额;零花钱
4.perceive vt. 注意到,意识到;将……理解为,将……视为
5.detect vt. 发现,查明,侦察出
6.rhyme n. 押韵词;押韵
vt. 使押韵
vi. 和……同韵
7.rigid adj. 死板的,僵硬的;固执的,僵化的
8.boom n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增,繁荣
vi. 迅速发展,激增,繁荣昌盛
9.mist n. 薄雾,水汽
10.legend n. 传说,传奇故事;传奇人物
11.complex adj. 复杂的,难懂的
n. 建筑群;复合体;情结
12.district n. 区,行政区;地区,区域
13.metaphor n. 暗喻,隐喻
14.exaggeration n. 夸张,夸大
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a clear clue 一条清晰的线索
2.the caged bird 笼中鸟
3.a remote village 一个遥远的村庄
4.a sigh of relief 松了口气;如释重负
5.the inner feelings 内心的感情
6.my ideal college 我的理想大学
7.undergo a painful time 经历一段痛苦的时光
8.advocate building a low-carbon campus
倡导建设低碳校园
9.striking imagination 惊人的想象力
10.encounter different customs and practices
遇到不同的风俗习惯
11.overcome numerous difficulties 战胜无数的困难
12.owe a debt to his inspirational poems
得益于他那鼓舞人心的诗歌
13.blame it on you 把责任归咎于你
14.a sharp bend 一个急转弯处
15.grasp the opportunity抓住机会
16.make a claim 提出索赔
17.cast a look 看一眼
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.freeze vt.& vi.　 (使)结冰
　freezing adj. 冰冻的;极冷的
　frozen adj. 结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的
2.imply vt. 含有……的意思,暗示,暗指
　implication n. 含意;暗示;可能的影响
3.contradict vt. 反驳;相矛盾
　contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的,对立的
4.interpret vt. 解释;阐释;把……理解为,领会;演绎
　　　　　vi. 口译
　interpreter n. 口译员
　interpretation n. 解释;理解;演绎
5.patience n. 耐心;忍耐力
　patient adj. 有耐心的;能忍耐的
　　　　n. 病人
　
patiently adv. 耐心地
　impatient adj. 不耐烦的;没有耐心的
　impatience n. 不耐烦
6.reward vt. 奖励,奖赏
　　　　n. 奖励,回报;悬赏金
　rewarding adj. 值得做的;有益的
7.constant adj. 不断的;连续发生的
　constantly adv. 始终,一直
8.logic n. 逻辑学;逻辑
　logical adj. 符合逻辑的;必然的,合乎情理的
9.real adj. 真的
　really adv. 真正地;真实地
　reality n. 现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历
　realistic adj. 现实的;实际的
10.industry n. 工业
　industrial adj. 工业的
　industrialize vt. 使工业化
　industrialization n. 工业化
11.belief n. 看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心
　believe vt. 相信;认为真实
　believable adj. 可相信的
　unbelievable adj. 难以置信的
12.character n. 品质,特性;特征;人物,角色
　characterize/characterise vt.
是……的特征,以……为典型;
使……具有特点;描述,刻画
13.stable adj. 稳定的;稳固的
　stability n. 稳定(性),稳固(性)
14.tolerate vt. 容许;忍受;容忍
　tolerant adj. 宽容的,容忍的;能耐……的
　tolerance n. 宽容,容忍
15.distinguish vt.& vi. 成为……的特征,使有别于;
区分,辨别;认出;使出众
　distinguished adj. 卓越的,著名的;高贵的,有尊严的
16.represent vt. 代表;象征
　representative adj. 典型的,有代表性的
　　　　　　　n. 典型人物,代表性人物;代表
17.fascinate vt.& vi. 深深吸引,迷住
　fascinating adj. 迷人的,极有吸引力的
18.title n. 题目,标题;称号,头衔
　entitle vt. 给……命名;使享有权利,使符合资格
19.vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
　vitality n. 生命力,活力,热情
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.a better understanding of 更好地理解
2.more importantly 更重要的是
3.in one’s early twenties 在某人二十出头的时候
4.in the end 终于,最后
5.familiarize oneself with 让自己熟悉
6.dig up 发现,搜集,查明
7.set sth aside 把……放一边;留出
8.break with sth 与某事终止关联,破除
9.make allowance for 体谅;考虑到,估计到
10.pay attention to 注意;重视;留心;注意到
11.go beyond 超越
12.be rooted in 根源在于;植根于
13.be representative of是……的代表,是……的典型
14.be inseparable from与……密不可分
15.distinguish...from... 使……有别于……
16.be recognized as 被视为……,被认为是……
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.Second,approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.(as if/though从句中的虚拟语气)
　第二,探索这首诗就好像你是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。
2.Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.(主语+be+ adj.+to do)
　相比容易理解的诗,那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
3.It is believed that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years.(It+be+过去分词+that...)
　人们认为这首诗是李白十几岁时写的。
4.Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel,Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.
(过去分词短语作状语)
　在强烈的探险欲和游历欲的驱使下,李白二十岁出头便离家去周游。
5.During his travels,he visited famous mountains and great rivers,　encountering different customs and practices. (现在分词短语作状语)
　在他的旅行中,他参观了名山大川,遇见了不同的风俗习惯。
6.With his extraordinary imagination,free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language,Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.(with介词短语作状语)
　超尘脱俗的想象、强烈情感的自由抒发和对语言的精通,使李白被公认为是继屈原之后的最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。
词汇横拓串记
盘点后缀-ize的动词 聚焦“诗歌”相关词 end相关短语集锦
①character→characterize是……的 特征 ②apology→apologize道歉 ③emphasis→emphasize强调 ④memory→memorize记住 ⑤modern→modernize使现代化 ⑥standard→standardize使标准化 ⑦real→realize认识到;实现 ⑧symbol→symbolize用符号代表 ①poem n.诗 ②poetry n.诗(总称);诗意 ③poet n.诗人 ④lyric n.抒情诗 ⑤rhyme n.韵;押韵;押韵的词 vi.& vt.(使)押韵 ⑥tone n.语气,音调 ⑦repetition n.重复;循环 ①in the end最后,终于
②on end连续地;竖直地
③at the end of在……的尽头
④by the end of到……结束时
⑤make ends meet量入为出
⑥
　使某事结束
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.of three dimensions　　 三　　　　　　的,立体的
2.detect a fault 　　　　　　一个错误
3.have complex social system 有　　　　　　社会制度
4.perceive another level of meaning 　　　　　　到另一层含义
5.an allowance of $20 a day 每天20美元　　　　　
维
Step One　写一写
发现
复杂的
意识
补贴
6.a rigid explanation of the rules 对规则的　　　　　　解释
7.the figures in legends 　　　　　　中的人物
8.nourish the children well 好好　　　　　　这些孩子
9.economic boom 经济　　　　　
严格
传说
培养
繁荣
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 n.　　线索,提示;迹象
2.　　　　　　 adj. 偏远的,偏僻的;遥远的,久远的;远亲的
3.　　　　　　 vt. 拥护,支持,提倡
n. 拥护者,支持者;辩护律师
4.　　　　　　 vt. 把……归咎于,责怪,指责
n. 责任,责备,指责
5.　　　　　　 vt. 经历,经受
clue
remote
advocate
blame
undergo
6.　　　　　　 adj. 引人注目的,显著的;妩媚动人的,标致的
7.　　　　　　 adj. 众多的,许多的
8.　　　　　　 vt. 欠(情);欠(债);归功于;归因于
9.　　　　　　 n. 理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及
vt. 抓紧;领会,理解
10.　　　　　　 n. 声明,宣称;所有权;索赔
vt. 宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得
11.　　　　　　 adj.内心的,隐藏的;里面的,内部的
12.　　　　　　 n. 理想;典范 adj. 完美的,理想的
striking
numerous
owe
grasp
claim
inner
ideal
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 adj. 稳定的;稳固的
　　　　　　　 n. 稳定(性),稳固(性)
2.　　　　　　 n. 题目,标题;称号,头衔
　　　　　　　 vt. 给……命名;使享有权利,使符合资格
3.　　　　　　 vt. 代表;象征
　　　　　　　 adj. 典型的,有代表性的
　　　　　　　n. 典型人物,代表性人物;代表
stable
stability
title
entitle
represent
representative
4.　　　　　　 vt. 反驳;相矛盾
　　　　　　　 adj. 相互矛盾的,对立的
5.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.深深吸引,迷住
　　　　　　　 adj. 迷人的,极有吸引力的
6.　　　　　　 n. 看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心
　　　　　　　 vt. 相信;认为真实
　　　　　　　 adj. 可相信的
　　　　　　　 adj. 难以置信的
contradict
contradictory
fascinate
fascinating
belief
believe
believable
unbelievable
7.　　　　　　 vt. 解释;阐释;把……理解为,领会;演绎
　　　　　　　vi. 口译
　　　　　　　 n. 口译员
　　　　　　　 n. 解释;理解;演绎
8.　　　　　　 n. 耐心;忍耐力
　　　　　　　 adj. 有耐心的;能忍耐的
　　　　　　　n. 病人
　　　　　　　 adv. 耐心地
　　　　　　　 adj. 不耐烦的;没有耐心的
　　　　　　　 n. 不耐烦
interpret
interpreter
interpretation
patience
patient
patiently;
impatient
impatience
9.　　　　　　 adj. 真的
　　　　　　　 adv. 真正地;真实地
　　　　　　　 n. 现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历
　　　　　　　 adj. 现实的;实际的
10.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.成为……的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;
认出;使出众
　　　　　　　 adj. 卓越的,著名的;高贵的,有尊严的
real
really
reality
realistic
distinguish
distinguished
11.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.(使)结冰
　　　　　　　 adj. 冰冻的;极冷的
　　　　　　　 adj. 结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的
12.　　　　　　 adj. 不断的;连续发生的
　　　　　　　 adv. 始终,一直
freeze
freezing
frozen
constant
constantly
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.　　　　　　　　 发现,搜集,查明
2.　　　　　　　 把……放一边;留出
3.　　　　　 　　 更重要的是
4.　　　　　 　　 体谅;考虑到,估计到
5.　　　　　　 　　 是……的代表,是……的典型
dig up
set sth aside
more importantly
make allowance for
be representative of
6.pay attention to　　　　 　　　　　　　　
7.familiarize oneself with 　　　　　　　
8.be rooted in 　　　　　　　
9.distinguish...from... 　　　　　　 　
10.be recognized as 　　　　　　 　
注意;重视;留心;注意到
让自己熟悉
根源在于;植根于
使……有别于……
被视为……,被认为是……
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:It+be+过去分词+that...
　　 the terrible disease will soon be controlled.
人们相信,这种可怕的疾病很快就会得到控制。
It is believed that
2.句型公式:as if/though从句中的虚拟语气
He kept working as usual 　　　　　 .
他像往常一样继续工作,好像什么事也没发生。
3.句型公式:主语 +be+adj.+to do
　　　, so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
今天的作业容易做,因此,迈克很快完成作业,然后出去玩耍了。
as if nothing had happened
Today's homework was easy to do
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.Our school a　　　　　　 that we should commit ourselves to building a low-carbon campus.
2.The company c　　　　　　 that their products can make you slim without dieting.
3.B　　　　　　 by his teacher,the boy was frustrated and couldn't concentrate on his study.
dvocates
Step Two　练一练
laims
lamed
4.I am not afraid of making mistakes and g　　　　　　 every opportunity to improve myself.
5.Unfortunately,her family u　　　　　　 a tremendous change, because her father went bankrupt.
6.Without your generosity and inspiration,I would not have made such s　　　　　　 progress.
rasp
nderwent
triking
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.The place of interest is so 　　　　　　that many tourists are
　　　　　　by its beautiful scenery.(fascinate)
2.The doctor 　　　　　　listened to the 　　　　　　　　,and told him that the treatment needed 　　　　　　.(patient)
3.My friend 　　　　　　accompanied me to the gym,and without his 　　　　　　company,I may have given up working out halfway.(constant)
fascinating
fascinated
patiently
patient
patience
constantly
constant
4.The 　　 　　　　scientist told the youngsters it was important to 　　　　　　reality from one's dreams.(distinguish)
5.Her childhood dream became a 　　　　　　,which
　　　　　　made her parents proud of her.(real)
6.He is a 　　　 　　　　of his company and he will 　　　　　his company to sign the contract.(represent)
distinguished
distinguish
reality
really
representative
represent
Ⅲ.短语填空
familiarize oneself with　set sth aside　be rooted in　
make allowance for　pay attention to　be representative of
1.It was obvious that the feeling of insecurity 　　　　　 　his childhood.
2.We must 　　 　　　　these problems and take effective measures to solve them.
was rooted in
pay attention to
3.I'm sorry,Mr Smith,please 　　　　 　　our difficulties.
4.You must 　　　　　 　the procedures before you start your work.
5.It goes without saying that this novel 　　 　　　 his writing style.
6.You had better 　　　　　　some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
make allowance for
familiarize yourself with
is representative of
set aside
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I was a baby,my mother used to read me nursery rhymes.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, 1.　　　　　 they are easy to learn and recite.They can also display the 2.　　　　　　(hide) beauty of simple and ordinary things.
but
hidden
Slowly,I fell in love with poetry.Poetry 3.　　　　　　(imply) a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.So I often imagine myself to be 4.　　　　　　 explorer.It is exciting to encounter poems filled with striking images.5.　 　　　　　(interpret) poetry can be difficult but interesting.At the beginning,to understand a poem is so difficult 6.　　　　　　 I want to abandon,but I know I have to be
7.　　　　　　(patience).I will not 8.　　　　　　(reward)
implies
an
Interpreting
that
patient
be rewarded
immediately,but when I finally grasp its meaning,it will stay with me for a long time.Also,when I read poetry regularly,I will
9.　　　　　　(constant) discover new things—even in poems that I have read many times before.Reading poetry is like trying to detect and dig 10.　　　　　　 a treasure.I can use a poem as a treasure map that will eventually guide me to exciting new discoveries.
constantly
up
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.2 写作迁移
1.patience n.耐心;忍耐力→patient adj.有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人
佳句背诵　
There is no denying that it was my teacher’s encouragement and help with patience that resulted in my steady progress.
不可否认的是,正是我的老师的鼓励和耐心的帮助,使我取得了稳步的进步。
with patience=patiently 耐心地
lose patience 失去耐心
have the patience to do... 有耐心做……
be patient with 对……有耐心
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Learning a new language requires a lot of effort, but if you have the patience 　　　　　　(practice) regularly, you will definitely improve over time.
②She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for which they showed great respect for her.
她对她的学生通常很有耐心,因此他们十分尊重她。
to practice
was usually patient with her students
教考衔接　单句写作
③Seeing their frustrated faces,the father helped them prepare breakfast for their mother 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看到他们沮丧的脸庞,父亲耐心地帮助他们为妈妈准备早餐
with patience/patiently
2.reward vt.奖励,奖赏 n.奖励,回报;悬赏金→rewarding adj.值得做的;
有益的
佳句背诵　
It was owing to the trip that we were rewarded with an unforgettable memory. 正是由于这次旅行,我们才得到了难忘的回忆。
reward sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人
reward sb with sth 用某物/某事回报某人
as a reward for... 作为对……的报酬
in reward for 报答……;作为……的奖赏
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a　　　　　　　　 (reward) experience.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②我很乐意带你游玩北京,以报答你的慷慨相助。(感谢信)
→I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(as)
→I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(in)
rewarding
as a reward
for your generous help
in reward for
your generous help
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, apart from the service hours,　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 Every small action of kindness makes an impact.(总结句,2022·浙江6月卷)
通过这次有益的经历,除了服务时间,我得到了更有价值的回报:每一个微小的善举都会产生影响。
Through the rewarding experience
I was rewarded with something more valuable
3.advocate vt.拥护,支持,提倡 n.拥护者,支持者,辩护律师
佳句背诵　
The reason why we advocate building a low-carbon campus is that we must protect the environment and the earth.(倡议书)　我们倡导建设低碳校园的原因是我们必须保护环境和地球。
advocate (doing) sth 提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
advocate+that...(should) do sth 提倡……
It is advocated that...(should) do sth 主张/提倡……
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I advocate that we 　　　 　　　(strengthen) our sense of duty to preserve our planet from being hurt.(倡议书)
②It 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to protect our environment.(环境保护)
提倡人人过低碳生活来保护我们的环境。
(should) strengthen
is advocated that all people (should) live a low-carbon life
教考衔接　单句写作
③I 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
for the benefit of human beings.(海洋保护,2022·全国甲卷)
我主张为了人类的利益,我们应该保护我们的海洋免受污染。
advocate that we (should) defend our oceans from being polluted
4.distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出
众→distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的;高贵的;有尊严的
佳句背诵　
Reading good books enriches our knowledge and teaches us to distinguish between right and wrong.
阅读好书丰富我们的知识,并教会我们分辨是非。
distinguish between A and B
区分A和B
distinguish...from... 使……有别于……;把……与……区分开来
be distinguished for... 因……而出名
be distinguished as... 作为……而出名
以练促学　单句语法填空/词汇升级
①It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man 　　　　　　 the other animals.
②Famous for its attractive scenery,Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(推荐信)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 its attractive scenery,Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.
from
Distinguished for
教考衔接　单句写作
③What is well-known to us all is that China is a country with a long history and 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
one of which is paper-cutting,dating from two thousand years ago.
(咨询信,2021·全国甲卷)
众所周知,中国是一个历史悠久的国家,也是一个以许多传统艺术闻名的国家,其中之一就是两千多年前的剪纸。
is also distinguished for many a traditional art
5.owe vt.欠(情);欠(债);归功于
佳句背诵　
I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing. (人物介绍)
我的成功要归功于我的社会老师,她是我人生写作道路上的灯塔。
owe sb sth/owe sth to sb 欠某人某物
owe sth to sb/sth 把某事归功于某人/某事
owe it to sb that... 把……归功于某人
owing to 因为,由于
以练促学　单句写作
①I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for failing to go outing with you this Sunday.
本周日我不能和你去郊游,我得向你道歉。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he was to blame for the traffic accident and was fined a great deal.
由于他无视交通规则,他要为这次交通事故负责,并被处以巨额罚款。
owe an apology to you/owe you an apology
Owing to his ignorance of traffic rules
教考衔接　单句写作
③David was out of breath at the finishing line,saying,“It is
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that I can overcome my internal panic to challenge myself in the cross-country run.”(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫在终点线气喘吁吁地说道:“正是因为您的鼓励,我才能够克服内心的恐惧,在越野赛中挑战自我。”
owing to your encouragement
6.blame vt.把……归咎于,责怪,指责n.责任,责备,指责
佳句背诵　
Blamed for the failure of the performance,Tim felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly.(情绪描写)
蒂姆被责备为演出失败负责,一阵悲伤袭来,他忍不住痛哭。
be to blame (for sth) (对某事)负有责任,应受责备
blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人;把某事归咎于某人
blame sth on sb/sth 把某事归咎于某人/某事
take the blame 承担过错
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Overwhelmed by embarrassment and guilt, I blamed myself
　　　　　　failing to resist temptation around me.
②Don’t always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 others.You should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 failure.(主旨升华)
不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人,你应该为失败承担责任。
for
blame your own failure on
take/bear the blame for
教考衔接　单句写作
③“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　” I guiltily thought to myself.(心理+动作描写,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
“这些尴尬都怪我吗 ”我内疚地想。
Was I to blame for all these embarrassments
In our study and life,persistence is a valuable quality. When we work hard with patience, we often get rewards. We should know that our achievements owe to our continuous efforts, not just luck. Keep it in mind that if we don't succeed, we shouldn't blame others but reflect on ourselves.
1.句型公式:as if/though从句中的虚拟语气
课本原句:Second,approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.
第二,探索这首诗就好像你是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。
佳句背诵　
I simply stood there dumbfounded as if my feet had been rooted to the ground. (神态描写,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我只是目瞪口呆地站在那里,好像我的脚已经扎根在地上了。
(1)as if从句用陈述语气:从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。
(2)as if从句用虚拟语气:
·从句用一般过去时(表示与现在的事实相反);
·从句用过去完成时(表示与过去的事实相反);
·从句用would/could/might do形式(表示与将来的事实相反)
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I 　　　　　　(do) it
②He spoke English perfectly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
for many years.
他讲英语非常完美,好像在英国居住了很多年似的。
③He is waiting for the results with anxiety
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他焦虑地等待着结果,如坐针毡。
had done
as if he had lived in England
as if he were sitting on pins and needles
教考衔接　单句写作
④David insisted on running 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫坚持跑,就好像他忘记了自己所有的弱点。
as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses
2.句型公式:主语+be+adj.+to do
课本原句:Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. 相比容易理解的诗,那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
佳句背诵　
Although the lady looks elegant,actually she is hard to get along with.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅,但实际上却很难与之相处。
[点拨]　不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,若不定式为不及物动词,其后应该加相应的介词。
“主语+be+ adj.+不定式”结构中,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件:
(1)不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系;
(2)常用形容词有:difficult、hard、easy、comfortable、good、interesting、exciting等。
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①Even though 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will,there is a way”.
即使这个问题很难解决,我也没有放弃,因为我坚信“有志者,事竟成”。
the problem was difficult to solve
②我不仅容易相处而且我也乐意帮助处在困境中的人。(申请信)
→　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 but also willing to help others in trouble.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 but also I am willing to help others in trouble.(倒装)
I am not only easy to get along/on with
Not only am I easy to get along/on with
教考衔接　单句写作
③It seemed that my partner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, but gradually I was comfortable to discuss the project with him.
(2022·浙江1月卷)
似乎我的搭档很难相处,但是逐渐地我很舒服地和他一起讨论了那个项目。
was difficult to get along/on with
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains,”Dr.Livingstone says.(全国Ⅲ卷) 　　　　　
2.We are all entitled to equal protection under the law. 　　　　　
3.As is known to all,they live in a large apartment complex.
　　　　　
vt.表现
vt.使享有权利
n.建筑综合体
4.He is an advocate for more airplanes and fewer warships.
　　　　　
5.I would like to acknowledge my debt to my teacher. 　　　　　
n.倡导者
n.情义,恩情
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.grasp n.理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及 vt.抓紧;领会,理解
vt.领会,理解
①Initially,we didn’t fully grasp the importance of what had happened.
　 　　　　
②I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further. 　　　　　
③These ideas are all beyond his grasp, because he is too young.
　　　　　
vt.抓紧
n.理解,领会
2.claim n.声明,宣称;所有权;索赔 vt.宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得;夺取
(生命);认领
vt.宣称,声称
①It is claimed that the red dragon is a positive symbol,indicating strength and a sense of national identity. 　　　　　　
②The police say that if no one claims the watch,you can keep it.
　　　　　
vt.认领
③The company has made a claim for damages caused by the delay of delivery. 　　　　　
④It is reported that the hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives. 　　　　　
n.索赔
vt.夺取(生命)
维度二　核心知识运用
1.I worried that Tilly 　　　　　　(constant) climbing the stairs could reopen the wound.
2.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very
　　　　　　(reward).
3.However,research suggests that if we practiced　 　(patient),
we’d be a whole lot better off.
constantly
rewarding
patience
4.The past decades have seen the 　　　　　 (strike) overall development of documentaries about China.
5.They can even distinguish their mother’s voice 　　　　　　that of a female stranger.
6.Tom and his new friend talked as though they 　　　　　　(be) friends for years.
7.Nowadays some students are not 　　　　　　　 (blame) for their laziness.Instead,they put the blame 　　　　　　their poor performance in study 　　　　　　their low IQ.
striking
from
had been
to blame
for
on
8.It’s said that she tries to set 　　　　　some money every month.
9.The government claimed 　　　　　　(provide) allowance for people who made great contributions to our country.
10.Some representatives advocate 　　　　 (let) civilians participate in political affairs.
aside
to provide
letting
维度三　完成句子
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 by a well-informed journalist.
　这个事故的真相是被一位消息灵通的新闻记者发现的。
2.　　 　　　　　　　, you should learn from the mistakes that you have made before.
　更重要的是,你应该从以前犯过的错误中吸取教训。
The truth of the accident was dug up
More importantly
3.Life is like a long competitive race in which we
　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.　
　人生就像 一场漫长的竞赛,我们与别人竞争,以超越自己。
4.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 China has ever known.
　他被认为是中国有史以来最具有影响力的画家之一。
compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves
is recognized as one of the most influential artists
5.Only when you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　 can you behave properly.
　只有当你更好地了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪时,你才能表现得体。
6.We should respect her.After all,she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　我们应该尊重她。毕竟,她最终完成了这项工作。
have a better understanding of Chinese
table manners
finished the work in the end
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(发言稿——诗歌欣赏)
　　假如你是李华。你校将邀请史密斯教授作“如何写并欣赏诗歌”的在线讲座,请你写一篇发言稿,介绍这次讲座的内容。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①首先,我代表大家向史密斯教授表示衷心的感谢,因为他欣然同意给我们做这个题为“如何写并欣赏诗歌”的在线讲座。(entitle)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
First of all, on behalf of everyone, I'd like to express our heartfelt appreciation to Prof.Smith for his graciously agreeing to deliver us this online lecture entitled “How to Write and Enjoy Poems”.
②史密斯教授是一位杰出的诗人,他的诗歌有些难以理解,他将通过分享自己的诗歌,从结构、意象和押韵等方面来说明诗歌的内涵(connotation)。(distinguished,grasp,rhyme,主语+be+adj.+to do)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
Prof.Smith is a distinguished poet, whose poetry is somewhat hard to grasp,and he will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems.
③这是一个很好的机会来提高我们的写作技能,我坚信这将对我们所有人都有重大的好处。(belief)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
It is a great opportunity to improve our writing skills and I hold the firm belief that it will be of significant benefit to us all.
④正如提倡的那样,我希望所有出席者都能积极参与,并遵循他的教导。(advocate)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as advocated.
⑤据称讲座结束后会有一个五分钟的问答环节,让你有机会提问并积极参与讨论。(claim,it作形式主语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
It's claimed that there will be a five-minute question-and-answer session following the lecture, which will give you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
Dear fellow students,
First of all, on behalf of everyone, I'd like to express our heartfelt appreciation to Prof.Smith for his graciously agreeing to deliver us this online lecture entitled “How to Write and Enjoy Poems”.
Prof.Smith is a distinguished poet, whose poetry is somewhat hard to grasp,and he will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems.Thus, it is a great opportunity to improve our writing skills and I hold the firm belief that it will be of significant benefit to us all.
I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as advocated.It's claimed that there will be a five-minute question-and-answer session following the lecture, which will give you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:12岁的阿黛尔家庭贫困。在一次回家的路上,阿黛尔被艺术学校的钢琴声吸引,但意识到父母无法负担她学钢琴,她心情非常沉重。第二天阿黛尔再次路过艺术学校,在经过一所老房子时,她被飘来的钢琴声吸引,不由自主地进入了房子里。房子里的老妇人招呼了阿黛尔,邀请她坐在钢琴旁,然后继续演奏钢琴,突然阿黛尔哭了起来,老妇人停了下来。
场景续写1:
她担心地询问→阿黛尔告诉她关于自己对音乐的热爱但父母买不起钢琴→老妇人安慰她说自己要去儿子那里生活,想让阿黛尔保管这架钢琴→女孩震惊得不敢相信自己的耳朵→老妇人要求女孩承诺保管好钢琴
“What's up,my child Why are you upset ” She asked with worry. Adele told her about her passion for music.“It would take my parents their lifetime to bring one home,” Adele cried.The elderly woman comforted her and said,“I am leaving to live with my son,and I am looking for someone to keep the piano.Then you are the person.” The girl was shocked and couldn't believe her ears.The elderly woman continued,“But you can have it only if you promise me to keep it safe,no matter what will happen,will you ”
Adele cried in joy and promised to keep the piano forever. Days later,Adele's parents were shocked to see a piano inside.The girl explained her meeting with the elderly woman.The parents were so grateful,thinking her girl was really lucky.Although Adele didn't know how to play the piano perfectly,she had a good start.For the following years,she took every chance to learn to play the piano and practiced hard.And she finally grew up as a well-known pianist. Though she had played on the most expensive pianos,the one in her house meant a lot to her!
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读C)
Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book,represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears throughout history,in art made long before books as we now know them came into being.In artists’ representations of books and reading,we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books”,artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school,with the books as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume,deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago,but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智),wealth or faith of the subject.Before the wide use of the printing press,books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right.More recently,as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway,artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers,pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st-century point of view,the printed book is certainly ancient,but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader.To serve its function,a book must be activated by a user:the cover opened,the pages parted, the contents reviewed,perhaps notes written down or words
underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked,a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private,“off-line” activity.
真题再做
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》让我们看到了超越文化与时间的共同人性。网络化的生活中,电子书的推广并不能取代印刷书的使用,阅读印刷书仍然是一个完全私人的活动。
28.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.An introduction to a book.
B.An essay on the art of writing.
C.A guidebook to a museum.
D.A review of modern paintings.
√
解析　文章出处题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration...three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”可知,《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品,而本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知,本文最有可能摘自书的序言,故选A项。
29.What are the selected artworks about
A.Wealth and intellect.
B.Home and school.
C.Books and reading.
D.Work and leisure.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和第二句可知,被选中的艺术品强调的是图书和阅读,故选C项。
30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Understand. B.Paint.
C.Seize. D.Transform.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段尾句“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago,but they record moments we can all relate to.”中的but表达的语境可知,这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的,但它们记录了我们都能理解的时刻。故画线词意为“理解”,故选A项。
31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader
A.The printed book is not totally out of date.
B.Technology has changed the way we read.
C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D.People now rarely have the patience to read.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据本文尾句可知,在我们日益网络化的生活中,我们所消费的信息被监控和跟踪,与之相反,印刷书仍然提供了一个完全私人的、“离线”活动的机会。该句强调了印刷书的价值,据此可知,作者提及电子书旨在说明印刷书并未完全过时,故选A项。
思维建模
推断文章出处
文章出处题要求考生具备一定的常识,能够根据文章的体裁和内容来推断文章的出处或类别。
文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称→newspaper
推销介绍新产品→advertisement
文章中有click here等网络用语→website
旅游胜地方面的介绍→travel guide
时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine/journal/entertainment section
科普知识→science report
文化教育类文章→education section
以例示法(如28题)
一判:由题干判断题目类型,推断文章出处
二推:根据关键句推理判断,根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration...three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”可知,《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品,而本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。
三比:比较各选项可知,本文最有可能摘自书的序言,故选A。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:artwork n.艺术品; Para.2:volume n.卷,册; Para.4:e-reader n.电子阅读器; content n.内容;review v.回顾,复习 Para.1:the image of the reader读者的形象;
moments of shared humanity共享人性的时刻;
Para.3:demonstrate the intellect展示才智;
raw material for artworks艺术品的原材料;
Para.4:a wholly private,“off-line”activity完全私人的“线下”活动
析 长 难 语 句 Para.1:In artists’representations of books and reading,we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
[句式分析]　这是一个复合句。句子的主干是we see moments;介词短语In artists’representations of books and reading为句子的状语;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词moments。
[尝试翻译]　
[语言赏析]　这句话通过精炼的逻辑结构,有效地传达了艺术家对书籍和阅读的描述中所揭示的人类共性。句子展示了艺术如何超越特定的文化和时间背景,触及人类共有的情感和体验。
在艺术家对书籍和阅读的描述中,我们看到了超越文化和时间的共享人性的时刻。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·重庆质量抽测)
Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse has just been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”.
The Swedish Academy credits Fosse as “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”,although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist,beginning with Red,Black in 1983.He has since written many works of prose and poetry.“His literary works,spanning a variety of genres (体裁),comprises about 40 plays and a wealth of novels,poetry collections,essays,children’s books and translations,”said Anders Olsson,chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature.
Jon Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles,which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style.Growing up in a small coastal village,Fosse was immersed in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea,which filled him with a sense of solitude and introspection (内省) that is reflected in his works.Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing,and the search for meaning in life.Additionally,his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depth of human emotions and existential despair.
“He touches you so deeply when you read his works,”said Anders Olsson.“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing.It touches your deepest feelings—anxieties,insecurities,questions of life and death—which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning.In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of a universal impact of everything that he writes—it has appeal to this basic humanity.”
Fosse is the first-ever laureate writing in Nynorsk,one of the two official languages of Norwegian,but only used by just 10% of the population.As The Guardian writes,“Many Nynorsk speakers see Fosse ‘as a kind of national hero’ for his championing of the language.” Fosse’s recognition on a global stage promotes the visibility and importance of Nynorsk as a written standard.It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature,inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and promoting their linguistic (语言的) heritage.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了Jon Fosse凭借其创新性的戏剧和散文荣获2023年诺贝尔文学奖。他是第一位使用新挪威语写作的诺贝尔奖获得者,他的获奖提升了新挪威语作为书面标准的知名度和重要性,并将吸引更多人关注新挪威语文学,促进新挪威语的发展和保护。
1.What do we learn about Jon Fosse from paragraph 2
A.His most popular work is the play Red,Black.
B.He accomplished various genres of literature works.
C.Many famous plays are the inspiration for his writing.
D.His language skills earned him the Nobel Prize in Literature.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His literary works,spanning... children’s books and translations”可知,Fosse的文学作品涵盖多种体裁,包括约40部戏剧以及大量小说、诗集、散文、儿童读物和译作。
√
2.What does the underlined word “solitude” mean in paragraph 3
A.Loss. B.Fear. C.Loneliness. D.Sympathy.
解析　词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句的句子结构可知,画线词与“introspection (内省)”并列,“that is reflected in his works”为定语从句。再结合下文中的“Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness,longing,and the search for meaning in life.”可知,Fosse的作品探讨了孤独、渴望和探寻人生意义的主题。由此可推知,画线词应表示“孤独”,与loneliness意思一致。
√
3.What is special about Jon Fosse’s works according to Anders Olsson
A.They show the bond between humans and nature.
B.They guide readers to focus on personal feelings.
C.They explore the inner meaning of life.
D.They touch human’s deepest emotions.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing.It touches your deepest feelings”可知,Fosse的特别之处在于他作品中的亲密感,这种亲密感触动你最深的情感。
√
4.What is the contribution made by Jon Fosse
A.Finding the importance of linguistic diversity.
B.Improving the international status of Norway.
C.Promoting the development and preservation of Nynorsk.
D.Shaping the basic writing standard of Norwegian literature.
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,Fosse是第一位使用新挪威语写作的诺贝尔奖获得者,他的获奖提升了新挪威语作为书面标准的知名度和重要性,并将吸引更多人关注新挪威语文学,激励和鼓励讲新挪威语的人继续保护和发展他们的语言遗产。
√
(2025·武汉高三调研)
The greatest irony (讽刺) of the world-wide celebrations held in 2012 to honour the 200th anniversary (周年纪念) of the first edition of the Grimms’ Kinder-und Hausm rchen involves the discovery that most people really don’t know the original Grimms’ tales published in two volumes in 1812 and 1815.
If we return to take a closer look at the first edition,we’ll find it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from oral tradition and preserve them for future generations.
When Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm began collecting all kinds of folk tales and songs at the beginning of the 19th century,what attracted them to concentrate on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were located in the past,while modern literature,even though it might be remarkably rich,was artificial and thus could not express the genuine quality of folk culture that originated naturally from people’s experiences and bound the people together. Broadly speaking,the Grimms sought to collect and preserve ancient things consisting of tales,songs and documents. They intended to demonstrate how natural language, originating from the needs and customs of the common people,created genuine bonds and helped form civilized communities.
Turning to the first edition,a reader might notice that,totally unlike the final edition of 1857,the first edition collects more genuine folk tales,keeping spoken and raw contents,despite the fact that the language is not as pleasing as that in later revised versions. For instance,Snow White’s mother,not her stepmother,wants to kill the beautiful girl out of envy. The storytellers do not beat about the bush and they tell the truths they know,engaging people to learn from symbols how to engage their realities,even though magic,incredible transformation and cruelty are involved.
Lastly,the Grimms’ little-known first edition reveals forgotten voices that are actually deep within us. Therefore,the irresistibility of the Grimms’ tales are that really not theirs,but ours.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了《格林童话》第一版的重要性,以及其中所包含的真实民间故事对民间文化的保护和传承意义。
5.According to the author,why should we rediscover the Grimms’ first edition
A.To explore its origin.
B.To appreciate its significance.
C.To honour its 200th anniversary.
D.To remember the Brothers Grimm.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段可知,作者认为重新研究《格林童话》的初版可以让我们意识到这本书是如何鼓舞全欧洲的民间文化学者去收集口口相传的传统故事并把它们保留给子孙后代的。换句话说,就是通过重读这本书的第一版来认识它的重要性,故选B。
√
6.What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about
A.The quality of the folk culture.
B.The contents of the first edition.
C.The feature of the old German literature.
D.The motivation of the Grimms collecting tales.
解析　段落大意题。根据第三段中的“what attracted them to concentrate on...forms of culture were located in the past”和“They intended to demonstrate...form civilized communities.”可知,本段主要讲述了格林兄弟最初收集德国古典文学故事的原因和他们打算展现的内容,也就是他们的最初动机,故D项正确。
√
7.What can we learn about Snow White in the first edition
A.It is loosely based on the folk tale.
B.It instructs readers to integrate into life.
C.It is appealing for its beautiful language.
D.It exposes envy and cruelty of the stepmother.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段可知,《格林童话》的首版中,因为嫉妒想要杀死白雪公主的是她的亲生母亲,而非继母。所以首版更侧重于人们应当直面生活中的残酷现实,并从中学会从象征中获取生活的经验和教训。因此,第一版的白雪公主更多是一个教育性的故事,即提醒读者更直面并融入现实生活。故B项正确。
√
8.What can we infer about the Brothers Grimm from the text
A.They were collectors of antiques.
B.They kept their style in later editions.
C.They thought highly of modern literature.
D.They were pioneers in preserving folk culture.
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it was this edition that inspired scholars...preserve them for future generations”可知,《格林童话》的初版让我们意识到这本书是如何鼓舞全欧洲的民间文化学者去收集口口相传的传统故事并把它们保留给子孙后代的。据此可以推断,格林兄弟是保护民间文化的先驱者,故选D。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·河南名校联盟高三联考)
Spear moved from the United States to Beijing 21 years ago.His 　1　 in China began during college.His love for China deepened when he met his wife-to-be,Tang and married her two years later.
In 2003,he decided to 　2　 his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California,Berkeley,and move to China to get to the heart of things.
He says that it was fate that led him to 　3　 beneath the Great Wall,where he and his 　4　 discovered their future home in Mutianyu.For nearly 10 years,the couple spent their weekends at this beautiful place before deciding to make it their 　5　 home in 2013.
As a(n) 　6　,Spear renovated (翻新) his dream house in a village near the Great Wall,which comes with multiple views of the Great Wall.Shortly after embracing full-time 　7　 life,Spear was approached by village head Li Lianting,who explained that Mutianyu was rapidly losing 　8　 and badly in need of local 　9　.This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　10　 rural residents.
After looking into the matter,he rented an old 　11　 schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory to make it 　12　.He has helped renovate around 20 　13　 where villagers no longer live.He 　14　 them into hotels or restaurants, which brought much income to villagers.In recognition of his 　15　,Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award in 2024.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国人Spear放弃学业来到中国并在中国认识了自己的妻子,他与妻子定居在长城脚下的村庄,并帮助村庄发展乡镇产业。
1.A.belief B.life C.interest D.future
解析　belief信念;life生命;interest兴趣;future未来。根据下文“In 2003,he decided to 　　　　his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California,Berkeley,and move to China to get to the heart of things.”可知,Spear选择辍学来中国,可以推断出,他对中国产生了兴趣,故选C项。
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2.A.drop out of B.adapt to C.carry on D.concentrate on
解析　drop out of退出;adapt to适应;carry on继续;concentrate on集中精力于。根据下文“and move to China to get to the heart of things”可知,后来他辍学来到了中国,故选A项。
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3.A.wait B.settle C.perform D.advertise
解析　wait等待;settle定居;perform执行;advertise做广告。根据下文“he and his 　　　　discovered their future home in Mutianyu”以及“As a(n) 　　　　,Spear renovated his dream house in a village near the Great Wall”可知,他应该是定居在了长城脚下,故选B项。
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4.A.classmate B.child C.wife D.friend
解析　classmate同学;child孩子;wife妻子;friend朋友。根据下文“the couple”可知,Spear和他的妻子发现了他们未来的家,故选C项。
5.A.formal B.temporary C.instant D.permanent
解析　formal正式的;temporary临时的;instant立即的;permanent永久的。根据上文“For nearly 10 years,the couple spent their weekends at this beautiful place before deciding to make it their”及后文“home in 2013”可知,这对夫妇近十年来都在这个美丽的地方度过周末,后来2013年决定把这里作为他们的永久住所,故选D项。
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6.A.architect B.expert C.planner D.gardener
解析　architect建筑师;expert专家;planner规划师;gardener花匠。根据下文“This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　　　　rural residents.”可知,Spear是建筑师,故选A项。
7.A.urban B.mountain C.village D.town
解析　urban城市的;mountain山;village村庄;town镇。根据上文“Spear renovated (翻新) his dream house in a village”可知,Spear住在了村子里,故选C项。
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8.A.residents B.farmers C.authors D.citizens
解析　resident居民;farmer农民;author作者;citizen公民。根据下文“This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　　　　rural residents.”可知,这个村庄在快速地流失居民,故选A项。
9.A.conferences B.businesses C.activities D.landscapes
解析　conference会议;business商业,公司;activity活动;landscape风景。根据下文“He 　　　　them into hotels or restaurants,which brought much income to villagers.”可知,村里应该是需要当地的企业,故选B项。
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10.A.greeting B.charging C.supporting D.memorizing
解析　greet问候;charge充电;support支持,养活;memorize记忆。根据上文“Mutianyu was rapidly losing 　　　　and badly in need of local 　　　　”可知,Spear建村镇商业来寻找方法养活村民,故选C项。
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11.A.advanced B.dangerous C.grand D.abandoned
解析　advanced高级的;dangerous危险的;grand壮丽的;abandoned被遗弃的,废弃的。根据下文“schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory to make it 　　　　”可知,他租赁了老旧、废弃的校舍,然后把它改造成一家餐厅和玻璃艺术工厂,以使它能够可持续利用,故选D项。
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12.A.sustainable B.creative C.worthwhile D.professional
解析　sustainable可持续的;creative创造性的;worthwhile值得的;professional职业的。根据前文的“he rented an old 　　　　schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory”可知,他租了一所废弃的旧校舍,把它变成了一家餐厅和玻璃艺术工厂,从而使其能够可持续利用,故选A项。
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13.A.schools B.factories C.houses D.libraries
解析　school学校;factory工厂;house房屋,房子;library图书馆。根据下文“where villagers no longer live”可知,Spear 翻新了村民不再居住的房子,故选C项。
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14.A.divided B.turned C.broke D.put
解析　divide划分;turn(使)变成,成为;break打破;put放。根据上文的“he rented an old 　　　　schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory”和“He has helped renovate around 20　　　　 where villagers no longer live.”可知,Spear 翻新了村民不再居住的房子,他把它们变成了旅馆或餐馆,故选B项。
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15.A.contributions B.emotion C.identity D.influence
解析　contribution贡献;emotion情绪;identity身份;influence影响。根据下文“Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award in 2024”可知,为了认可他的贡献,他被授予 “长城友谊奖”,故选A项。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·开封高三模考)
“The Chinese language 1.　　　　　　 (become) popular among Lebanese students in the past five years,” says Antoine Hokayem,a professor and local director of the Confucius Institute at the University of Saint Joseph (USJ).
“In the past,Lebanese students used to register for the Chinese language as an 2.　　　　　　 (elect) course.Today,we receive students from the USJ and other universities who aim to learn the language to either work in China 3.　　　　　　 continue their education in the East Asian countries,” Hokayem said on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the institute.
Engineering and telecommunication students are among the people who are most interested in the language as they aim 4._______
(continue) their higher education in China.Other students attend the institute’s courses with the intention of providing 5.　　　　 (assist) for their parents who are engaged 6.　　　　　　 trade activities with Chinese partners.
“We have small children who learn the language and speak
7.　　　　　　 (fluent) with their Chinese teachers.More than half of our students now come from outside our university.”
8.　　　　　　 (found) in 2006 through a partnership between China’s Shenyang Normal University and the USJ,the Confucius Institute at the USJ was selected as one of the 9.　　　　　　 (good) Confucius Institutes in the world for its cultural and social activities. In recent years,the institute has held lectures 10.　　　　　　 cover topics including China’s economy and cultural values as well as Peking Opera and the Belt and Road Initiative.
【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述了汉语在黎巴嫩学生中越来越受欢迎,在这些学生中开始流行学习汉语的热潮。
1.has become　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处作谓语。根据时间状语“in the past five years”可知,时态用现在完成时;又因主语The Chinese language 表示第三人称单数概念,故填has become。]
2.elective　[考查词性转换。空前是不定冠词an,空后是名词,故空处应用形容词修饰名词。故填elective。]
3.or　[考查并列连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处形成了either...or...结构,意为“或者……或者……”,故填or。]
4.to continue　[考查非谓语动词。考查固定短语aim to do“力求达到”,故填to continue。]
5.assistance　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处应用名词作providing的宾语,故填assistance。]
6.in　[考查介词。考查固定短语be engaged in“从事”,故填in。]
7.fluently　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处应用副词修饰动词speak,故填fluently。]
8.Founded　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语,found与其逻辑主语the Confucius Institute之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词,故填Founded。]
9.best　[考查比较等级。根据句意和空前定冠词the可知,此处应用形容词最高级修饰名词,故填best。]
10.that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是表示物的lectures,从句中缺少主语,故填that/which。]
单 词 聚 焦 B Para.3:genuine adj.真的;名副其实的;真诚的;demonstrate v.证明;证实;说明;remarkably adv.非凡地;惊人地;非常;
Para.5:irresistibility n.不可抗拒
词 块 积 累 B Para.3:broadly speaking大体上讲;Para.4:out of envy出于嫉妒;
beat about the bush旁敲侧击;转弯抹角

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