资源简介

选择性必修第二册　UNIT 1　The mass media
　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.brand n.　　　 品牌;类型;烙印
2.category n. 类别,种类
3.platform n. 计算机平台;站台,月台;讲台,舞台
4.purchase vt. 买,购买
n. 购买,采购;购买的东西,购买项目
5.sponsor vt. 赞助;主办;为慈善活动捐款;资助
n. 赞助商;为慈善活动捐款的人
6.discount n. 折扣
vt. 打折出售
7.discrimination n. 辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待
8.slogan n. 标语,口号
9.contradict vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥
10.factual adj. 事实的,真实的
11.peak adj. 高峰时期的,最高度的
n. 顶峰,高峰;山峰;尖端
vi. 达到高峰,达到最高值
12.tax n. 税,税款
vt. 对……征税,使纳税
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.be trapped in the atmosphere 被困在大气层中
2.release her new album　 发行她的新专辑
3.hear people screaming and dogs barking听到人在尖叫,狗在吠叫
4.give false information 提供错误信息
5.a large sum of money 一大笔钱
6.found a community school 建立一所社区学校
7.accuse the boy of stealing the woman’s gold ring 控告男孩偷了这位女士的金戒指
8.apply for a scholarship 申请奖学金
9.the news broadcast on TV yesterday昨天在电视上播出的新闻
10.boost one’s confidence 增强某人的信心
11.absorb oxygen from the air 从空气中吸收氧气
12.a vital witness 重要目击者
13.tailor the programme 专门制作方案
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.critic n.　　　　 批评家;评论家;评论员
critical adj. 批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的
critically adv. 危急地;严重地;批评性地
criticize vt.& vi. 批评;评论
criticism n. 批评;批判
2.extend vi.& vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展
extension n. 延伸;扩大;延长期
3.construct vt. 建造;建筑
construction n. 建筑,建造;建造物
constructive adj. 建设性的
4.minor adj. 轻微的,次要的
minority n. 少数民族;少数
majority n. 大多数
5.investigate vi.& vt. 侦查,调查;研究
investigation n. 调查
6.journal n. 报纸;杂志
journalist n. 新闻记者,新闻工作者
journalism n. 新闻业,新闻工作
7.differ vi. 相异,不同于;意见相左
different adj. 不同的,有区别的
difference n. 差异;不同(之处)
8.conclude vt.& vi. 断定,推断出;结束;得出结论
conclusion n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成
9.accurate adj. 正确无误的;精确的
accuracy n. 精确;准确
accurately adv. 准确地;精确地
mit vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间) vi. 全心全意投入;忠于(某人)
committed adj. 尽心尽力的
commitment n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费
11.curious adj. 好奇的
curiously adv. 好奇地
curiosity n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品
12.profession n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明
professional adj. 专业的;职业的
n. 专业人员
13.advertise vt.& vi. 做广告,登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传
advertising n. 广告活动,广告业
advertisement n. 广告,启事;广告活动,广告宣传
advertiser n. 广告商
14.persuade vt. 说服;劝说;使相信;使信服
persuasion n. 说服,劝说;信仰
persuasive adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
15.psychology n. 心理,心理特征;心理学
psychologist n. 心理学家
psychologically adv. 心理(学)地;精神上地
16.amuse vt. (提供)消遣;逗笑
amusing adj. 好笑的;有乐趣的
amused adj. 觉得好笑的
amusement n. 娱乐;愉悦
17.prior adj. 先前的;较早的;优先的
priority n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点
18.minimum n. 最小值,最少量
adj. 最低的,最小的
maximum n. 最大量,最大限度
adj. 最高的,最多的
19.elevate vt. 提高; 举起; 抬起; 提拔
elevation n. 提高;提升;海拔
20.rate n. 速度;(比)率
vt. 划分等级
rating n. 收视率;等级,级别
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.come about　　　　 发生
2.for instance 例如,比如
3.sum up 总结,概括
4.mount up (尺寸和数量上)增加,上升
5.spring up 迅速出现,突然兴起
6.brighten up (使)增添乐趣;使更艳丽
7.put out 扑灭;生产
8.break out 爆发
9.have the potential to do sth 有做某事的潜力
10.dozens of 很多,许多
11.bring sth to light 揭露,披露
12.get across 被传达,被理解,把……讲清楚
13.be committed to 致力于
14.rely on 依靠;依赖
15.take...as an example 以……为例
16.in terms of... 谈及,就……而言
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. (“leave+宾语+宾补”结构)
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
2.I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. (be about to do...when...)
我正要洗澡,突然听到有人尖叫,还有狗在叫。
3.Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. (it作形式主语)
尽管记者致力于呈现真相,我们最好还是运用自己的判断力,而非完全依赖新闻报道。
4.The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online news media. (witness“见证”,拟人)
过去数十年见证了网络新闻媒体的快速发展。
5. The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product. (the+比较级……,the+比较级……)
我们越喜欢品牌大使,我们就越会被吸引去购买产品。
6. Not only will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested in,but it will also help companies target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect on sales. (not only位于句首引起的部分倒装)
这不仅会让消费者觉得自己更受重视,还能让他们看到自己最感兴趣的内容,此外也能帮助公司更加有效地锁定目标客户,从而对销售量产生积极影响。
词汇横拓串记
盘点后缀 ism高频名词 “犯罪”相关词集锦 无被动语态动词短语一览
①criticism批评 ②journalism新闻业,新闻工作 ③tourism旅游业 ④realism现实主义 ⑤pessimism悲观主义 ⑥optimism乐观主义 ⑦heroism英雄行为 ⑧impressionism印象派 ①accuse vt.控告;指控 ②charge vi.控告 ③guilt n.有罪;罪行 ④crime n.罪行;犯罪 ⑤commit vt.犯(罪) ⑥punish vt.惩罚;处罚 ⑦release vt.释放;免除 ⑧sentence vt.判决;宣判 ①break out爆发 ②belong to属于 ③consist of由……组成 ④come true变成现实 ⑤take place发生 ⑥date from追溯到 ⑦date back to追溯到
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.campaign slogan　　 竞选口号
2.contradict each other in terms of factual details 在事实细节上相互矛盾
3.factual differences 事实的差异
4.with great discrimination 有着良好的辨别力
5.establish a new world record category
建立一个新的世界纪录类别
6.purchase goods with your mobile phone
用你的手机购买商品
7.raise your global brand influence 提高你的全球品牌影响力
8.at a 30% discount 打七折
9.the tourist peak season 旅游旺季
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.bark vi.　　　 (狗)吠叫
vt. 厉声发令
n. (狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮
2.trap vt. 使落入险境;卡住,绊住
n. 陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
3.sum n. 金额,款项;总和,总数;全部
4.release vt. 发布;释放;松开;发泄
n. 释放;发行;排放,泄露
5.scholarship n. 奖学金;学术
6.broadcast n. 广播节目,电视节目
　　 vi.& vt. 播送,广播;散布,传播
7.boost vt. 使增长,使兴旺
n. 增长,提高;帮助,激励
8.absorb vt. 理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力
9.witness vt.& vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点),见证;目击;作证;是……的迹象
n. 目击者,见证人;证人
10.accuse vt. 谴责,控诉
11.false adj. 错误的,不真实的;非天生的;假的,伪造的;不真诚的
12.scream vi.& vt. 尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音
n. 尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音
13.found vt. 创建,创办;建立,兴建
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.extend vi.& vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展
extension n. 延伸;扩大;延长期
2.investigate vi.& vt. 侦查,调查;研究
investigation n. 调查
3.minor adj. 轻微的,次要的
minority n. 少数民族;少数
majority n. 大多数
4.profession n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明
professional adj. 专业的;职业的
n. 专业人员
5.amuse vt. (提供)消遣;逗笑
amusing adj. 好笑的;有乐趣的
amused adj. 觉得好笑的
amusement n. 娱乐;愉悦
6.commit vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间)
vi. 全心全意投入;忠于(某人)
committed adj. 尽心尽力的
commitment n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费
7.differ vi. 相异,不同于;意见相左
different adj. 不同的,有区别的
difference n. 差异;不同(之处)
8.prior adj. 先前的;较早的;优先的
priority n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点
9.minimum n. 最小值,最少量
adj. 最低的,最小的
maximum n. 最大量,最大限度
adj. 最高的,最多的
10.critic n. 批评家;评论家;评论员
critical adj. 批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的
critically adv. 危急地;严重地;批评性地
criticize vt.& vi. 批评;评论
criticism n. 批评;批判
11.conclude vt.& vi. 断定,推断出;结束;得出结论
conclusion n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成
12.accurate adj. 正确无误的;精确的
accuracy n. 精确;准确
accurately adv. 准确地;精确地
13.curious adj. 好奇的
curiously adv. 好奇地
curiosity n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.rely on　　　　 依靠;依赖
2.brighten up (使)增添乐趣;使更艳丽
3.for instance 例如,比如
4.bring sth to light 揭露,披露
5.get across 被传达,被理解,把……讲清楚
6.be committed to 致力于
7.take...as an example 以……为例
8.in terms of... 谈及,就……而言
9.sum up 总结,概括
e about 发生
11.have the potential to do sth 有做某事的潜力
12.break out 爆发
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:not only位于句首引起的部分倒装
By taking part in the race,not only did we build up our body,but also we strengthened our willpower.
通过参加这次赛跑,我们不仅锻炼了身体,而且还增强了意志力。
2.句型公式:“leave+宾语+宾补”结构
Leave the door open and you will breathe fresh air.
让门开着你就会呼吸到新鲜的空气。
3.句型公式:the+比较级……,the+比较级……
The more you practise, the better you will become at playing the piano.
你练习得越多,钢琴就弹得越好。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.Jack was very upset because he was accused by the police of breaking the traffic rules.
2.With the big fire spreading,people ran for the exits,screaming out in terror.
3.The colder the air temperature is,the more quickly that heat can be released.
4.You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them,and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
5.Many of these poems bear witness to his years spent in India and China.
6.Our school English broadcast station is looking for an announcer who is capable of speaking fluent and authentic English.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.The child asked curiously,“Why does the moon move around the earth ” We are curious to know why she asked such a question.Perhaps children show curiosity about everything. (curious)
2.To the audience’s amusement,the actor’s amusing performance really amused them and they all felt amused. (amuse)
3.It was concluded that he didn’t tell us the truth.I came to the conclusion that he lied. (conclude)
4.From the appearance,we cannot tell the differences between the twins,though they always have some different ideas.And as for this phenomenon,ideas differ among many people. (differ)
5.While working out the problem,you should pay more attention to the accuracy.You must measure the length accurately in order to get the accurate number. (accurate)
Ⅲ.短语填空
rely on　break out　get across　sum up　 come about　 in terms of...
1.The moment the explosion broke out,the firefighters rushed to the scene and there happened a big fire.
2.It took the teacher a long time to get the complex math problem across to the students.
3.To sum up,you should firmly believe that all roads lead to Rome.
4.While advertisements are of great help,I don’t think we should entirely rely on them.
5.Can you explain how it came about that she heard our conversation by accident
6.It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhou Yang,a journalist, 1.has been committed (commit) to journalism since graduation.It’s said that he has broadcast 2.dozens (dozen) of accurate news reports,3.which are all based on factual investigations.
For instance,once a big fire came 4.about in a housing estate.Then the community got into a mess,dogs barking and residents screaming.5.Fortunately (fortunate),on arriving there,he realized the ambulance and the firefighters had arrived.The injured were evidently in pain and choked.Doctors and firefighters were busy rescuing the 6.trapped (trap) people.Zhou Yang immediately involved 7.himself (he) in investigating the cause of the fire.However,different witnesses gave different explanations.Some said 8.it was a cigarette end that lit a carpet while others accused an aging electric wire of causing it.In order not to give a false news report,he made further investigations.With his effort,the truth was brought to light.The scoop was released and broadcast in time,9.getting (get) high ratings.His commitment to his profession earned him 10.admiration (admire) and respect from his colleagues as well as the citizens.
1.trap vt.(trapped,trapped,trapping)使落入险境;卡住(stick),绊住 n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
佳句背诵　
Standing frozen as ice,never had I thought about being trapped in such a dilemma that I was flooded with overwhelming awkwardness and panic. (情绪描写)
我像冻住的冰一样站在那里,从未想过自己会陷入这样的两难境地,感到无比的尴尬和恐慌。
be/get trapped in 被困在……中
trap sb into (doing) sth 使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套;使某人中计
[点拨]　表示“被困于……中”的短语还有:be/get caught in、be/get stuck in。
以练促学　单句写作
①The shopkeeper trapped me into buying a lot of products that I didn’t need.
店主诱使我买了很多我不需要的产品。
教考衔接　单句写作
②My head trapped in the pumpkin, I breathed hard for air and I was in no mood to play jokes with my elder brother. (动作描写;2021·浙江1月卷)
我的头卡在了南瓜里,我大口喘气,完全没有心情和哥哥开玩笑。
2.differ vi.相异,不同于;意见相左→different adj.不同的,有区别的→difference n.不同(之处);差异
佳句背诵　
The cultures of the two countries differ in many ways, including language, customs,and cuisine.
这两个国家的文化在许多方面都有所不同,包括语言、习俗和美食。
differ from=be different from 与……不同
differ in sth 在某方面不同
make a difference to 对……起作用/产生影响
make no difference to 对……不起作用/没有影响
以练促学　语段训练
①They are twins but they are different from each other in their habits and they also differ from each other in many behaviours.But it makes no difference to their life. (分别用different,differ,difference)
他们是双胞胎,但他们在习惯上不同,在许多行为上也不同。但这对他们的生活并没有任何影响。
教考衔接　单句写作
②Your participation will surely make a difference.We sincerely hope to see you there!
(邀请信,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你的参与肯定会有所不同。我们真诚地希望能在那里见到你!
3.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成→conclude vt.& vi.得出结论;断定,推断出;结束(生义)
佳句背诵　
In conclusion,only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow. (短文投稿,2022·全国甲卷)
总之,只有大家共同努力,我们才能拥有更美好的明天。
draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion 总之
conclude from sth that 从……中得出结论
conclude...with... 以……结束……
以练促学　一句多译
①我从我自己的经历中得出结论:自己亲自实践很重要。 (短文投稿,2023·全国乙卷)
→I concluded from my own experiences that it is important to practise with our own hands. (conclude)
→I came to/arrived at/reached/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that it is important to practise with our own hands. (conclusion)
教考衔接　单句写作
②From the data we can conclude that the majority of students seek light hearted ways to learn English. (现象介绍,2022·全国乙卷)
从数据中我们可以得出结论,大多数学生寻求轻松的方法学习英语。
4.committed adj.尽心尽力的(devoted)→commitment n.投入;献身;承诺;花费→
commit vt.犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间) vi. 忠于(某人);全心全意投入
佳句背诵　
The charity is committed to providing education and healthcare services for the poor children.
这个慈善机构致力于为贫困儿童提供教育和医疗服务。
be committed to (doing) sth=commit oneself to (doing) sth
致力于(做)某事;承诺(做)某事
commit sth (time/money) to (doing) sth
投入某物(时间/金钱)于(做)某事
make a commitment to (doing)/to (do) sth保证(做)某事;承诺(做)某事
以练促学　语段训练
①The members of spoken English club commit one hour to reading English every day,which will improve their spoken English gradually.Meanwhile,they make a commitment to practising/to practise spoken English with their classmates regularly.
英语口语俱乐部的成员每天用一个小时读英语,这将逐渐提高他们的英语口语。同时,他们保证经常和他们的同学练习英语口语。
教考衔接　单句写作
②Finally, the rise of new energy vehicles reflects China’s commitment to sustainable development and reducing carbon emissions.
最后,新能源汽车的兴起体现了中国对可持续发展和降低碳排放的承诺。(发言稿,2024·全国甲卷)
5.accuse vt.谴责,控诉,控告;指责
佳句背诵　
Accused of stealing things in the shop,the lady stood there,hanging her head in shame.
那位女士被指控偷了商店里的东西,她站在那里,羞愧地垂着头。 (动作+心理描写)
accuse sb of...=charge sb with...
指责某人……;控告某人……
[点拨]　与“accuse sb of sth”结构类似的动词短语还有:
·remind sb of sth　　　 提醒某人某事
·inform sb of sth 告知某人某事
·cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病
·suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人做某事
·convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Mike was accused of cheating in the competition,which really surprised all of us.
②Suspected of abusing drugs, the fellow was questioned by the police.
③这位青少年被控告偷了这位女士的金戒指,他站在那里,无话可说。
→The teenager was accused of stealing the woman’s gold ring and he stood there with nothing to say. (accuse)
→The teenager was charged with stealing the woman’s gold ring and he stood there with nothing to say. (charge)
教考衔接　单句语法填空
④Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close (close) the window in my car when rain is coming. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
片段巩固 用trap;differ;conclusion;committed;accuse完成片段
写作提示:合作:搭档和我致力于寻找真相,但实验方法不同→我相信教科书方法→搭档想尝试新东西→激烈讨论→指责搭档陷入错误信息的陷阱→冷静下来,我们意识到合作才能得出正确的结论
　　During the science project, my partner and I were committed to finding the truth, but we differed on our approach to the experiment. I believed in following the textbook method, while my partner wanted to try something new. We got into a heated discussion, and in the heat of the moment, I accused my partner of falling into a trap of misinformation. After calming down, we realized that we needed to work together to reach the correct conclusion.
6.witness vt.& vi.是发生……的时间(或地点),见证;目击;作证;是……的迹象 n.目击者,
见证人;证人
佳句背诵　
From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the whole experience was amazing. (2022·全国甲卷)
从观赏野生动物到目睹日出,整个经历都令人惊叹。
witness to (doing)... 为……作证;出庭证明;证实
witness sth/that... 当场看到,目击……
(a) witness to... ……的目击者/证人/证据
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The police were told that Mr Black was the only witness to the car accident.
②The light of the setting sun shone on the boys,witnessing the start of a new friendship.(分词短语作状语)　夕阳的余晖洒在孩子们的身上,见证了一段新友谊的开始。
教考衔接　单句写作
③It was on this day that I learned the true lesson of going to all lengths and witnessed the best miracle I have ever seen in my life. (主旨升华,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
正是在这一天,我真正学会了全力以赴,见证了我这辈子见过的最好的奇迹。
7.persuade vt.说服;劝说;使信服;使相信(convince)→persuasive adj.有说服力的;令人信服的→persuasion n.说服,劝说;信仰
佳句背诵　
It was my teacher who persuaded me to believe in myself and participate in the composition contest. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
正是我的老师说服我相信自己,参加作文大赛。
persuade/convince sb to do sth=persuade/talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
persuade/convince sb not to do sth=persuade/talk sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The salesman’s persuasion was so persuasive that I was persuaded into purchasing their expensive service in spite of my humble salary. (persuade)
②The instant I successfully persuaded him not to quit/out of quitting the cross country run, I sighed a smile of relief.
一成功地说服他不要放弃越野赛,我就松了口气,欣慰地笑了。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Transportation and technology are suitable topics that your teachers and classmates may care about. High speed trains are the most persuasive proof, combining the transportation and technology.
(建议信,2024·北京卷)
交通和技术是你的老师和同学可能关心的合适话题。高铁是最有说服力的证据,它结合了交通和技术。
8.absorb vt.理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力(attract);使并入,吞并→absorbed adj.全神贯注的
佳句背诵　
He lay down there,looked up at the sky,and soon absorbed himself in thinking.
他躺在那里,看着天空,很快陷入了沉思。
全神贯注于
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
[联想]　与be absorbed in类似的结构还有:be lost in、be caught in、be buried in、be devoted to、be occupied in、be involved in。
以练促学　句式升级
①Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot his promise to accompany me to the cinema.
→So absorbed was Tom in his work that he forgot his promise to accompany me to the cinema.(倒装)
→So absorbed in his work,Tom forgot his promise to accompany me to the cinema. (分词短语作状语)
教考衔接　单句写作
②Absorbed in/Absorbing himself in teaching,my head teacher frequently forgets about eating. (人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
我的班主任全神贯注于教学,经常忘记吃饭。
9.take... as an example以……为例
佳句背诵　
Take the great American scientist Thomas Edison as an example, he tried experiment after experiment and had one failure after another before he finally invented the bulb.
以伟大的美国科学家托马斯·爱迪生为例,他做了一次又一次的实验,失败了一次又一次,才最终发明了灯泡。
take...for example=take...as an example
以……为例
for example=for instance 例如
follow one’s example 效仿某人,以某人为榜样
set an example for/to 为……树立榜样
以练促学　单句写作
①Honestly speaking,I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
老实说,我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号,我应该向你学习。
教考衔接　单句写作
②Finally he made it and became a champion and legend,setting an example to others.
(人物介绍,2023·全国甲卷)
最后,他成功了,成为冠军和传奇,为他人树立了榜样。
片段巩固 用witness;persuade;absorb;take...as an example完成片段
写作提示:社会变化→现状:目睹很多社会变化,但说服人们接受新想法不易→愿景:吸收足够的知识和信息可能会改变想法→举例:发展在线教育→在线教育的好处:使学生便利并成为生活重要部分
　　In recent years, we have witnessed many changes in our society. It’s not easy to persuade people to accept new ideas. However, when they absorb enough knowledge and information, they might change their minds. Take the development of online education as an example. It has brought great convenience to students and has become an important part of our lives.
1.句型公式:“leave+宾语+宾补”结构
课本原句:The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
佳句背诵　
On hearing the bad news,he hurried home, leaving the book lying open on the table.
一听到这个坏消息他就匆忙回家了,那本书还打开着放在桌子上。
“leave+宾语+宾补”为leave复合结构,此时leave作使役动词,表示“使/让……保持某种状态”,其具体构成如下:
(1)leave+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语/名词
(2)leave+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主谓关系)
(3)leave+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是动宾关系)
(4)leave+宾语+动词不定式(表示将来的动作)
以练促学　单句写作
①His house caught fire,because he went out but left the stove burning in the kitchen.
他的房子着火了,因为他出去后厨房炉灶还在烧。
②They covered him with a blanket,only leaving his eyes exposed.
他们用毯子盖住他,只让他的眼睛暴露在外面。
教考衔接　单句写作
③If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. (2023·浙江1月卷)
如果有人不同意你的观点,你的话可能起不了多大作用,而且往往会让你感到更加气馁。
2.句型公式:the+比较级……,the+比较级……
课本原句: The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.我们越喜欢品牌大使,我们就越会被吸引去购买产品。
佳句背诵　
As far as I’m concerned, the more you take part in after class activities, the sooner you will adapt to the new environment. (建议信)
在我看来,你参加的课外活动越多,你就能越快适应新环境。
(1)“the+比较级……,the+比较级……”意为“越……就越……”,表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
(2)从结构上看,第一个“the+比较级……”是表示条件的状语从句;在表示将来意义的情况时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the+比较级……”是主句,用一般将来时。
以练促学　单句写作/翻译句子
①It was our teacher who reminded us that the more confident we were,the more likely we were to succeed.
是我们的老师提醒我们:我们越自信,就越有可能成功。
②她读得越多,就越想学习。
The more she read,the more she wanted to learn.
教考衔接　单句写作
③The more time I spent participating in this picking activity,the more I was aware of the significance of work. (活动介绍,2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
我参加采摘活动的时间越长,我就越意识到工作的重要性。
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.We are glad to hear that the famous singer will release his new album next month. vt.发行,发布
2.Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions. n.方式,方法,手段
3.The forest floor was carpeted with wild flowers. vt.厚厚地铺上
4.Perhaps the prime reason is that drug addicts may commit crimes when they are in short of money. vt.犯(罪)
5.These special courses are tailored to the needs of disabled children. vt.专门制作,定做
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.trap vt.使落入险境;卡住,绊住;捕捉;使……陷入圈套 n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
①After studying agriculture,medicine,and fisheries in college,John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) vt.捕捉
②It was reported that some miners were trapped underground after the collapse. vt.使落入险境
③I felt I had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract. vt.使……陷入圈套
④The only thing the wolf could do was climb up to the ground from the trap. n.陷阱,罗网
2.absorb vt.理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力;吞并
①Things in colour can often absorb children’s attention easily. vt.吸引全部注意力
②One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year. vt.吸收
③I’ve been busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me. vt.理解,掌握
④Most small shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis. vt.吞并
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy (accurate)could increase even if estimates were not fully independent. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.With the help of their father,the twins were committed to making (make) delicious breakfast. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
3.Absorbed (absorb) in writing a poem,the poet didn’t realize night was approaching.
4.My parents told me that the more careful (careful) you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.
5.Trapped (trap) in a net around the rock,the dolphin wasn’t able to swim up to get air.
6.I opened the paper bag with curiosity (curious) and lying on top of the food was my $20 bill.
7.The new airport which is under construction lies in the east of the city.
8.She concluded her speech with a funny story,which made the audience laugh loudly.
9.The company was accused of cheating the customers because they advertised the low quality products.
10.As the witness to the crash,he got across the details to the police on the scene.
11.It is the difficulties you encounter and your reactions to them that make a difference to your life in the future.
12.I’m trying to persuade him to grasp (grasp) this golden chance to show his fluent English.
13.Not only some residents but also Tom holds (hold) the belief that there is no sense in protecting the historical sites.
维度三　完成句子
1.They were about to put up the tent in the open air when a loud whistle frightened them.
他们正要在户外搭起帐篷,这时一声响亮的口哨声把他们吓坏了。
2.It was the first time that I had lived far away from home,so I found it hard to fit in.
这是我第一次住在离家这么远的地方,所以我发现很难适应。
3.With the development of society,the tourist industry is springing up.
随着社会的发展,旅游业突然兴起。
4.There are a number of improvements;for instance,both mouse buttons can now be used.
有许多改进,比如,现在两个鼠标按钮都可以使用了。
5.Volunteers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to the elderly people trapped in high rise buildings.
志愿者爬上几十层楼梯,给被困在高层建筑里的老人送水和食物。
6.He has the potential to become a world class musician.
他有潜力成为一个世界级的音乐家。
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(发言稿——网络新闻媒体的崛起)
假定你是李华,应邀参加一个关于大众传媒的国际网络论坛(Online Forum About the Mass Media)活动,请你就“网络新闻媒体的崛起”(the rise of the online news media)用英语写一篇发言稿,准备在论坛上发言,内容包括:
1.网络新闻媒体兴起的状况;
2.兴起的原因;
3.未来前景。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①我很荣幸有机会在这个论坛上做一个题为“网络新闻媒体的崛起”的演讲。 (it作形式主语,过去分词短语作定语)
It’s my great honour to have the opportunity to give a speech titled “The Rise of the Online News Media” on this forum.
②如你所知,近年来,越来越多的人转向网络新闻媒体获取新闻。 (witness)
As you know,the recent years has witnessed an increasing number of people turn to the online news media for news.
③据估计,大约90%的人经常在网上获得一些新闻,这意味着网络新闻媒体正在崛起。(mount up,it+be+过去分词+that...,现在分词短语作状语)
It has been estimated that around 90% of people often get some of their news online,meaning the online news media is mounting up.
④推动网络新闻媒体快速发展的是互联网和智能设备的发展。 (boost,what引导主语从句)
What boosts the rapid growth of the online news media is the development of the Internet and the smart devices.
⑤大量新闻应用程序和新闻媒体如雨后春笋般涌现,这使得读者更容易看到网上发布的新闻报道。(spring up,release,非限制性定语从句,过去分词短语作定语)
The numerous news apps and news media have sprung up,which has made it easier for readers to access news reports released online.
⑥不可否认,网络新闻媒体不仅有助于获取最新的消息,而且拓宽了我们的视野。
(not only...but also...)
There is no denying that the online news media has not only helped us obtain the latest news but also has broadened our horizons.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
Hello! Everyone!
It’s my great honour to have the opportunity to give a speech titled “The Rise of the Online News Media” on this forum.
As you know,the recent years has witnessed an increasing number of people turn to the online news media for news.It has been estimated that around 90% of people often get some of their news online,meaning the online news media is mounting up.What boosts the rapid growth of the online news media is the development of the Internet and the smart devices.The numerous news apps and news media have sprung up,which has made it easier for readers to access news reports released online.
There is no denying that the online news media has not only helped us obtain the latest news but also has broadened our horizons.
That’s all for me.
Thank you!
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:一个寒冷的傍晚,大卫前往另一个城市参加工作面试。他急需这份工作来挣取房子纠纷的律师费。在途中,他遇到了一个惊恐的小女孩,尽管他知道帮助她可能会错过面试,但他还是决定停下来帮助她。小女孩名叫米娅,她的妈妈劳拉急需救助。大卫跟随她找到了事故发生的地方。他立刻呼叫了911,在救援人员到来之前为昏迷的女孩妈妈提供帮助,并陪女孩送妈妈去医院。
场景续写1:
大卫陪米娅去看望劳拉→小女孩跑上去拥抱妈妈并告诉她事实真相→劳拉向大卫表达感激→劳拉询问大卫晚上的计划→大卫解释说要去参加工作面试以便能请得起律师→劳拉对大卫错过工作面试深表遗憾→大卫安慰劳拉并说他只是关心请律师的事→劳拉想到了一个主意
As David and Mia visited Laura,the little girl ran to her mother and hugged her.　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
场景续写2:
原来劳拉是一名专业律师→她提出免费为大卫辩护→请大卫详细告诉她他的案件→大卫感到惊喜→在劳拉的帮助下,大卫赢得了诉讼并成功保住了他的房子→大卫继续帮助那些需要帮助的人
It turned out that Laura was a professional lawyer.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
As David and Mia visited Laura,the little girl ran to her mother and hugged her.“It’s David that saved us,Mommy!” Mia said excitedly.Laura extended her heartfelt gratitude to David,“You are so kind! I just can’t thank you enough for it!” Then Laura inquired about David’s plan for the evening.David explained that he was heading for a job interview so that he could afford a lawyer.On hearing this,Laura expressed her sorrow at David missing the job interview.David reassured Laura,stating that he was merely concerned about securing a lawyer’s assistance.At that very moment,an idea came into Laura’s mind.
It turned out that Laura was a professional lawyer.“Take it easy,David! Actually,I’m a lawyer.” said Laura,with a smile on her face.She generously offered to defend David for free and asked David to tell her his case in detail.Feeling a wave of surprise and joy sweeping over him,David advised Laura to have a good rest first.Two months later,with the help of Laura,David won the lawsuit and successfully saved his house.As the old saying goes,“One good turn deserves another.”After that,David continued to help those in need.
　　(四川高考阅读C)
A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart.
Izzy,nine,restarted father Colm’s heart by stamping (踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.
Izzy’s mother,Debbie,immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father,so decided to use CPR.
However,she quickly discovered her arms weren’t strong enough,so she stamped on her father’s chest instead.
Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions (按压) until the ambulance arrived.
Izzy,who has been given a bravery award by her school,said:“I just kicked him really hard.My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn’t strong enough to use hands.I was quite scared.The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse.My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”
“She’s a little star,” said Debbie.“I was really upset but Izzy just took over.I just can’t believe what she did.I really think all children should be taught first aid.Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up.Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we’ve got to see an expert.”
Truck driver Colm,35,suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital,but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day.The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled,preventing him from breathing,his blood pressure dropped suddenly,and his heart stopped for a moment.
He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了9岁女童Izzy勇敢救父的故事。Izzy的父亲因过敏反应心脏骤停,Izzy采取急救措施挽救了父亲的生命。
39.Izzy kicked her father in the chest 　.
A.to express her helplessness
B.to practise CPR on him
C.to keep him awake
D.to restart his heart
答案　D　[细节理解题。由第一段中的“A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the chest”以及第二段中的“Izzy,nine,restarted father Colm’s heart by stamping (踩) on his chest”可知,Izzy踩她父亲的胸部的目的是让心脏复苏,故选D项。]
40.What’s the right order of the events
①Izzy kicked Colm.　②Debbie called 999.
③Izzy learned CPR.　④Colm’s heart stopped.
A.③①②④ B.④②③①
C.③④②① D.④③①②
答案　C　[细节理解题。由上下文可知,Izzy先前学习了CPR (心肺复苏术),后来她父亲因过敏反应心脏骤停,Izzy的母亲Debbie拨了999急救电话,然后Izzy采取了急救措施,故选C项。]
41.What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about
A.What Colm suffered.
B.Colm’s present condition.
C.What caused Colm’s allergy.
D.Symptoms of Colm’s allergic reaction.
答案　A　[段落大意题。本段首句提及“suffered a mystery allergic reaction”,第二句提及“The second attack”,可见本段主要是说Colm的遭遇,故选A项。]
42.Why does the author write the news
A.To describe a serious accident.
B.To prove the importance of CPR.
C.To report a 9 year old girl’s brave act.
D.To call people’s attention to allergic reaction.
答案　C　[写作意图题。文章为新闻报道,第一段中的“A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the chest”为导语,所以作者的写作目的是报道9岁女童勇敢救父的故事,故选C项。]
思维建模
新闻报道体裁的特点
新闻报道类文章在英文阅读理解中有一些独特的特点,列举如下:
1.标题醒目:新闻报道的标题通常简洁有力,能概括文章的核心内容或主题,吸引读者的注意力。
2.导语简明扼要:新闻报道通常以一个简短的导语开始,包含了文章的主要信息,即“五个W和一个H”(Who、What、When、Where、Why、How)。这部分通常概括了整个事件的核心内容。
3.结构清晰:新闻报道采用倒金字塔结构,最重要的信息放在前面,次要的信息逐步展开。这种结构方便读者在最短时间内获取关键信息。
4.语言简洁明了:新闻报道的语言通常简洁、直白,避免使用复杂的句式和过多的修饰语,力求表达准确、清晰,易于理解。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:kick v.踢;Para.2:stamp v.跺脚,重踩; Para.5:ambulance n.救护车; Para.6:bravery n.勇敢scared adj.害怕的 Para.1:save one’s life挽救某人的生命; Para.3:arrive in time及时到达; Para.5:take over接管;Para.7:turn up出现
析 长 难 语 句 Para.8:Truck driver Colm,35,suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital,but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day. [句式分析]　这是一个由and和but两个并列连词连接的并列句。 [尝试翻译]　35岁的卡车司机科尔姆在星期六遭受了一次不明原因的过敏反应而被送往医院,但当天就被送回家中,不料第二天再次发作。 [语言赏析]　这句话巧用两个连词,有效地传达了一个紧急医疗事件的过程及其复杂结果。
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·郑州高三质量预测二)
Waterways are important for every country around the world.They provide not only water for everyday use but also routes for transport.However,due to industrial activity,many of them are now polluted.
Dakota Perry from the US has experienced water pollution first hand.The 15 year old high school girl told Alabama Local News that she spends a lot of time going on boat rides with her dad on the river behind their house.However,the river has become littered with plastic bags,bottles and cups.Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river.So,with the help of her father,she designed a system to collect and remove rubbish in waterways.
In May,Perry put forward her solution at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair held in Georgia,the US,and received a Judge’s Award from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for her project.
According to the Science News for Students website,her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡) Barrier in Amsterdam,which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system.But Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment friendly.　She planned to create a curtain of bubbles that stretched the river diagonally (对角地).The curtain would stop the floating rubbish and then push it toward the shore.Once there,a conveyor run by a solar powered battery would carry the waste to a dustbin.
In her backyard pool,Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a stream of bubbles.She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles to form a full curtain.“For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for Students,“I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”
After she tested her system for collecting rubbish,Perry found that it worked better than expected.Next,she plans to work out how to use the power of the river to run the air compressor.
【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了美国15岁的高中女孩Dakota Perry在父亲的帮助下,设计了一款收集和清理河道垃圾的系统。
1.What motivated Perry to design a rubbish collecting system
A.Her father’s encouragement.
B.Her desire to protect a nearby river.
C.A visit to a science and engineering fair.
D.An invention of a Dutch high school student
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However,the river has become littered with...clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river.”可知,Perry为了清理河道里的垃圾,保护附近的河流,设计了一款垃圾收集系统,故选B项。]
2.What can we know about the rubbish collecting system
A.It was designed by Perry alone.
B.It makes power to run the air compressor.
C.It collects solar energy to remove rubbish.
D.It creates a bubble curtain to block rubbish.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“She planned to create a curtain of bubbles...then push it toward the shore.”可知,该系统会生成气泡屏障以阻挡漂浮的垃圾,故选D项。]
3.What is the 5th paragraph mainly about
A.Advantages of the system.
B.The way of testing the system.
C.The improvement on the system.
D.Challenges in the design process.
答案　B　[段落大意题。根据第五段中的“She experimented with different amounts of...to form a full curtain.”和“I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”可知,本段主要讲测试这个系统的方法,故选B项。]
4.What kind of person is Perry
A.Efficient and ambitious.
B.Helpful and hard working.
C.Responsible and creative.
D.Professional and adventurous.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Perry wanted to clean up the water”可以看出,Perry是一个有社会责任感的孩子;根据第五段中的“She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles”可以看出,Perry对自己的系统很负责任;根据第四段中的“Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment friendly”可知,Perry是一个有创新精神的人,故选C项。]
(2025·南通高三模拟)
The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down.Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight,or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger.Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer:contrary to current theories,insects are not attracted to light from far away,but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.
According to Dr Sam Fabian,study co author and Imperial College London entomologist,moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest.For hundreds of millions of years,this was the sky rather than the ground.The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level.But then came artificial lighting.Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps.This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly,the insects trapped by their evolution.
Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab.The videos reveal that time and again,moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights,which appeared to greatly change their flight paths.If the light is above them,they might start orbiting it,but if it’s behind them,they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground.
Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations.Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats.The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime,causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding.
There are,Fabian believes,helpful lessons from the research.“What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters.Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world,and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究,研究发现昆虫因其进化出的本能会被夜间的光照困住,启示我们改善人造光源以保护昆虫。
5.What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Popularized widely.
B.Discussed openly.
C.Defined accurately.
D.Explored academically.
答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据画线短语下文“Popular theories...a more convincing answer”可知,对于昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围这一问题没有标准答案,故可推知画线短语所在句意为“昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围,这一科学问题至今仍未得到明确解释”,推测画线短语nailed down意为“明确解释”,与Defined accurately意义相近,故选C项。]
6.Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because 　　　　.
A.they can’t keep their balance.
B.they use improper flight attitude.
C.they lose track of which way is up.
D.they are attracted to lights from far away.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Moths found...by their evolution.”可知,飞蛾会将背部向着路灯倾斜,这导致它们无休止地绕着灯转,因此是不正确的飞行姿态导致飞蛾无休止地绕着灯转,故选B项。]
7.What is the significance of the research finding
A.It may lead to better conservation of insects.
B.Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of.
C.Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night.
D.It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,这项研究的意义是告诉我们改变人造光的方向可以使昆虫不被困住,从而更好地保护昆虫,故选A项。]
8.What is the text mainly about
A.Why insects lose their ability to fly at night.
B.Why artificial light and evolution trap insects.
C.How artificial light impacts insect populations.
D.How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight.
答案　B　[文章大意题。文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究,研究发现昆虫被进化的本能困住,会无休止地围绕人造光源旋转,这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向,更好地保护昆虫,所以B项“为什么人造光和进化会困住昆虫 ”符合题意,故选B项。]
(2025·济宁高三模拟)
In 2022,the Nature Conservancy launched two 5 year pilot projects at working ranches (牧场) in Kansas and New Mexico to determine if virtual fences enable land managers to better perform regenerative management practices and to assess potential benefits for biodiversity and for ranchers’ bottom lines,as well as impacts on soil carbon storage.
Applauded by the U.S.Department of Agriculture as a climate adaption strategy,virtual fencing is an innovative technology that enables ranchers to use a smartphone or web app to remotely monitor and control where and when cattle graze (吃草).Virtual fences can reduce the need for physical fences,which require significant time,expense and labor to maintain.Physical fences also limit land managers in their ability to change grazing boundaries to adapt to seasonal changes in vegetation or to exclude cattle from ecologically sensitive areas.
The cows are outfitted with battery operated,GPS enabled collars that send out a radio frequency to communicate with reception towers,creating virtual grazing boundaries set by a rancher.When a cow approaches the edge of the virtual boundary,the collar produces a sound signaling it to turn around.If the cow proceeds to cross the boundary,it receives a momentary mild shock,signaling that it’s gone too far and should rejoin its group.
Grasslands are the least protected habitat on earth and one of the most effective carbon sinks,storing up to 20% of the world’s soil organic carbon.Unfortunately,grasslands are continuing to rapidly disappear for several reasons.For ecological health,most grassland ecosystems need periods of disturbance to aerate (使透气) the soil,stimulate plant growth and recycle nutrients into the soil.Ranchers complete this disturbance rest cycle by managing the timing,location,herd size and intensity of grazing activities,all of which can be time consuming and painstaking.
“Currently,the costs of virtual fencing are still high,but in the long run it can help land managers better carry out management practices that regenerate land health,help address climate change and biodiversity loss,” said William Burnidge,director of the Nature Conservancy.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在2022年,美国大自然保护协会在堪萨斯州和新墨西哥州中处于运营状态的牧场推出的两个为期5年的虚拟围栏试点项目,说明了虚拟牧场的工作原理以及其对牧场和管理的好处,并展望了该项目的前景。
9.What’s stressed concerning virtual fencing in paragraph 2
A.Its smart design.
B.Its major advantages.
C.Its wide application.
D.Its working principles.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Applauded by...expense and labor to maintain.”可知,这一段主要说的是虚拟围栏对适应气候和管理都有好处,即介绍了其优势,故选B项。]
10.What does the mild shock indicate to the cow
A.It’s time to return.
B.It’s time to graze.
C.It’s in danger.
D.It’s in a wrong direction.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the cow proceeds...should rejoin its group.”可知,牛收到轻微电击的时候,就表明它应该回到牛群,故选A项。]
11.What’s unavoidable for ranchers to complete the disturbance rest cycle
A.Intense efforts.
B.Polluted soil.
C.Financial failure.
D.Ecological imbalance.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For ecological health...be time consuming and painstaking.”可知要完成这个周期十分耗时耗力,即需要付出巨大努力,故选A 项。]
12.What’s Mr.Burnidge’s attitude to virtual fencing
A.Intolerant. B.Objective.
C.Doubtful. D.Conservative.
答案　B　[观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中的“Currently,the costs of virtual fencing...help address climate change and biodiversity loss”可知,作者既提到了虚拟牧场的优点,还提到了它费用高昂的缺点,所以作者对该项目的态度是客观的,故选B项。]
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·济南历城二中高三模拟)
Breakthroughs from science and technology have completely changed much of human life.　1　 The following are some examples of traditional methods,old ideas,and ancient techniques that are helping to solve problems in the 21st century.
Yacouba Sawadogo,a farmer from Burkina Faso,West Africa,has led the transformation of poor,dry land into productive agricultural land.　2　 Pits (坑) are dug in the ground,allowing water to gather in one place.Since popularizing the use of pits,Sawadogo has helped increase food production in Burkina Faso.
　3　 Here deep holes are dug in places where crops are grown,enabling water to be directed precisely to places where it is needed.And the holes are covered with soil,straw and other materials to keep in as much moisture (水分) as possible.
And in Thailand,some farmers have avoided modern,chemical based methods for pest control and are instead adopting the ancient method using ducks known locally as “ped lai thoong”,meaning “field chasing (追赶) ducks”.　4　
As for forest problems,periodic fires can be a solution.The reason is that they can clear out dead organic material,expose the forest floor to sunlight,and nourish the soil.　5　 Researchers have found that ancient inhabitants of the Amazon region had been using fire to clear the rainforest in a carefully controlled way to limit the risk of large outbreaks.
A.But this practice is nothing new.
B.Ancient techniques are proving more effective,though.
C.This ground based technique is a great help to precise farming.
D.He has done it thanks to an ancient way of trapping water in the soil.
E.Digging holes forms an important part of agriculture in Zimbabwe,too.
F.These birds are left to wander freely among fields to eat harmful insects.
G.But sometimes,tried and tested ideas that have stood the test of time can still be of use.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了几种能帮助解决现代问题的传统方法。
1.G　[空前提到科学技术的突破彻底改变了人类生活的许多方面。空后提到以下是一些用传统方法、旧思想和古老技术解决21世纪问题的例子。由此可知,空处应与空前内容形成转折,并引出传统方法。故G项“但有时候,经受住了时间考验的可靠的想法仍然有用”符合语境。G项中的“tried and tested ideas that have stood the test of time”与空后的“traditional methods,old ideas,and ancient techniques”相呼应。]
2.D　[空前提到来自西非布基纳法索的农民Yacouba Sawadogo将贫瘠、干燥的土地转变为多产的农业用地。空后提到在地里挖坑,让水聚集在一个地方。自从推广坑的使用以来,Sawadogo帮助提高了布基纳法索的粮食产量。由此可知,空处应提及Yacouba Sawadogo是如何做的,即他采用了什么样的方法。D项“他能做到这一点要归功于一种将水留存在土壤中的古老方法”承上启下,符合语境。其中,D项中的“He”指代上文中的“Yacouba Sawadogo”,“an ancient way of trapping water in the soil”与下文中的“Pits (坑) are dug in the ground,allowing water to gather in one place.”相呼应。]
3.E　[空处为段落主旨句。空后提到在这里,人们在种植作物的地方挖深洞,使水能够精确地流向需要的地方。这些洞被土壤、稻草和其他材料覆盖,以保持尽可能多的水分。由此可知,本段提及的传统方法应与“deep holes”有关,且空处应点明“Here”所指的地方。E项“挖洞也是津巴布韦农业的重要组成部分”能够概括段落的主要内容,符合语境。]
4.F　[空前提到在泰国,一些农民避免使用现代的化学方法来控制害虫,而是使用一种在当地被称为“ped lai thoong”的古老方法。由此可知,空处应是对这种方法的具体介绍。F项“这些鸭子被放在田野里自由地游荡,吃掉害虫”说明了该方法的具体做法和目的,符合语境。F项中的“These birds”指代上文中的“ducks”。]
5.A　[空前提到至于森林问题,定期放火可能是一个解决方案。原因是火可以清除死亡的有机物质,使森林地表暴露在阳光下,并滋养土壤。空后提到研究人员发现,亚马孙地区的古代居民一直在小心谨慎地用火清理雨林,以限制大火爆发的风险。由此可知,空处内容应是在说这种做法并不新鲜,以前就有。A项“但这种做法并不新鲜”与上文形成转折,且与空后内容呼应,符合语境。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:industrial adj.工业的,产业的;Para.2:first hand adv.第一手得来地,直接地;remove v.移开,拿开,去掉;Para.4:direct v.指引,指向,引导;使……转向;stretch v.拉长,拽宽,撑大,抻松;拉紧,拉直
B Para.1:insect n.昆虫;navigate v.导航;Para.2:evolve v.进化;Para.3:circle n.圈; Para.4:decline n.减少;Para.5:factor n.因素
C Para.1:launch v.启动;Para.2:applaud v.赞扬;strategy n.策略;Para.3:boundary n.边界; Para.4:habitat n.栖息地;carbon n.碳;ecosystem n.生态系统;Para.5:practice n.做法
B Para.1:current　熟义:n.电流;生义:adj.现在的,最近的
C Para.4:sink　熟义:v.沉入;生义:n.储存库
词 块 积 累 A Para.3:put forward提出(计划、建议、意见等)
B Para.1:gather around聚集;Para.3:end up最终;Para.4:light pollution光污染; Para.5:helpful lessons有帮助的教训
C Para.1:enable sb to do sth使某人能够做某事;as well as以及;Para.2:adapt to适应; Para.3:send out发出;communicate with与……沟通;turn around转变
长 难 句 式 B Para.2:According to Dr Sam Fabian,study co author and Imperial College London entomologist,moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt their backs to wherever is brightest. [分析]　这是一个复合句。study co author and Imperial College London entomologist是Dr Sam Fabian的同位语;关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰先行词moths and many other insects;连接副词wherever引导从句,作介词to的宾语。 [译文]　根据研究合著者、伦敦帝国学院昆虫学家Sam Fabian博士的说法,夜间飞行的蛾子和许多其他昆虫已经进化到会将它们的背部向最亮的地方倾斜。
C Para.5:Currently,the costs of virtual fencing are still high,but in the long run it can help land managers better carry out management practices that regenerate land health,help address climate change and biodiversity loss. [分析]　这是一个由but连接的并列复合句。在第二个分句中含有一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句。 [译文]　目前,虚拟围栏的成本仍然很高,但从长远来看,它可以帮助土地管理者更好地实施恢复土地健康、应对气候变化和生物多样性丧失的管理措施。(共180张PPT)
UNIT 1　The mass media
选择性必修第二册
主题语境:影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.brand n. 品牌;类型;烙印
2.category n. 类别,种类
3.platform n. 计算机平台;站台,月台;讲台,舞台
4.purchase vt. 买,购买
n. 购买,采购;购买的东西,购买项目
5.sponsor vt. 赞助;主办;为慈善活动捐款;资助
n. 赞助商;为慈善活动捐款的人
6.discount n. 折扣
vt. 打折出售
7.discrimination n. 辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待
8.slogan n. 标语,口号
9.contradict vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥
10.factual adj. 事实的,真实的
11.peak adj. 高峰时期的,最高度的
n. 顶峰,高峰;山峰;尖端
vi. 达到高峰,达到最高值
12.tax n. 税,税款
vt. 对……征税,使纳税
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.be trapped in the atmosphere 被困在大气层中
2.release her new album　 发行她的新专辑
3.hear people screaming and dogs barking
听到人在尖叫,狗在吠叫
4.give false information 提供错误信息
5.a large sum of money 一大笔钱
6.found a community school 建立一所社区学校
7.accuse the boy of stealing the woman’s gold ring
控告男孩偷了这位女士的金戒指
8.apply for a scholarship 申请奖学金
9.the news broadcast on TV yesterday 昨天在电视上播出的新闻
10.boost one’s confidence 增强某人的信心
11.absorb oxygen from the air 从空气中吸收氧气
12.a vital witness 重要目击者
13.tailor the programme 专门制作方案
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.critic n.　 批评家;评论家;评论员
　critical adj. 批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的
　critically adv. 危急地;严重地;批评性地
　criticize vt.& vi. 批评;评论
　criticism n. 批评;批判
2.extend vi.& vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展
　extension n. 延伸;扩大;延长期
3.construct vt. 建造;建筑
　construction n. 建筑,建造;建造物
　constructive adj. 建设性的
4.minor adj. 轻微的,次要的
　minority n. 少数民族;少数
　majority n. 大多数
5.investigate vi.& vt. 侦查,调查;研究
　investigation n. 调查
6.journal n. 报纸;杂志
　journalist n. 新闻记者,新闻工作者
　journalism n. 新闻业,新闻工作
7.differ vi. 相异,不同于;意见相左
　different adj. 不同的,有区别的
　difference n. 差异;不同(之处)
8.conclude vt.& vi. 断定,推断出;结束;得出结论
　conclusion n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成
9.accurate adj. 正确无误的;精确的
　accuracy n. 精确;准确
　accurately adv. 准确地;精确地
mit vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间)
　　　　 vi. 全心全意投入;忠于(某人)
　committed adj. 尽心尽力的
　commitment n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费
11.curious adj. 好奇的
　curiously adv. 好奇地
　curiosity n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品
12.profession n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明
　professional adj. 专业的;职业的
　　　　　　 n. 专业人员
13.advertise vt.& vi. 做广告,登广告;公布, 征聘;展现,宣传
　advertising n. 广告活动,广告业
　advertisement n. 广告,启事;广告活动,广告宣传
　advertiser n. 广告商
14.persuade vt. 说服;劝说;使相信;使信服
　persuasion n. 说服,劝说;信仰
　persuasive adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
15.psychology n. 心理,心理特征;心理学
　psychologist n. 心理学家
　psychologically adv. 心理(学)地;精神上地
16.amuse vt. (提供)消遣;逗笑
　amusing adj. 好笑的;有乐趣的
　amused adj. 觉得好笑的
　amusement n. 娱乐;愉悦
17.prior adj. 先前的;较早的;优先的
　priority n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点
18.minimum n. 最小值,最少量
　　　　　 adj. 最低的,最小的
　maximum n. 最大量,最大限度
　　　　　 adj. 最高的,最多的
19.elevate vt. 提高; 举起; 抬起; 提拔
　elevation n. 提高;提升;海拔
20.rate n. 速度;(比)率
　　　 vt. 划分等级
　rating n. 收视率;等级,级别
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.come about 发生
2.for instance 例如,比如
3.sum up 总结,概括
4.mount up (尺寸和数量上)增加,上升
5.spring up 迅速出现,突然兴起
6.brighten up (使)增添乐趣;使更艳丽
7.put out 扑灭;生产
8.break out 爆发
9.have the potential to do sth有做某事的潜力
10.dozens of 很多,许多
11.bring sth to light 揭露,披露
12.get across 被传达,被理解,把……讲清楚
13.be committed to 致力于
14.rely on 依靠;依赖
15.take...as an example以……为例
16.in terms of... 谈及,就……而言
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped.(“leave+宾语+宾补”结构)
　周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
2.I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking.(be about to do...when...)
　我正要洗澡,突然听到有人尖叫,还有狗在叫。
3.Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.
(it作形式主语)
　尽管记者致力于呈现真相,我们最好还是运用自己的判断力,而非完全依赖新闻报道。
4.The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online news media.(witness“见证”,拟人)
　过去数十年见证了网络新闻媒体的快速发展。
5. The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.(the+比较级……,the+比较级……)
　我们越喜欢品牌大使,我们就越会被吸引去购买产品。
6. Not only will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested in,but it will also help companies target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect on sales.(not only位于句首引起的部分倒装)
　这不仅会让消费者觉得自己更受重视,还能让他们看到自己最感兴趣的内容,此外也能帮助公司更加有效地锁定目标客户,从而对销售量产生积极影响。
词汇横拓串记
盘点后缀-ism高频名词 “犯罪”相关词集锦 无被动语态动词短语一览
①criticism批评 ②journalism新闻业,新闻工作 ③tourism旅游业 ④realism现实主义 ⑤pessimism悲观主义 ⑥optimism乐观主义 ⑦heroism英雄行为 ⑧impressionism印象派 ①accuse vt.控告;指控 ②charge vi.控告 ③guilt n.有罪;罪行 ④crime n.罪行;犯罪 ⑤commit vt.犯(罪) ⑥punish vt.惩罚;处罚 ⑦release vt.释放;免除 ⑧sentence vt.判决;宣判 ①break out爆发
②belong to属于
③consist of由……组成
④come true变成现实
⑤take place发生
⑥date from追溯到
⑦date back to追溯到
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.campaign slogan　　竞选　　　　　
2.contradict each other in terms of factual details
在事实细节上相互　　　　　
3.factual differences 　　　　　　差异
4.with great discrimination
有着良好的　　　　　
口号
Step One　写一写
矛盾
事实的
辨别力
5.establish a new world record category
建立一个新的世界纪录　　　　　
6.purchase goods with your mobile phone
用你的手机　　　　　　商品
7.raise your global brand influence
提高你的全球　　　　　　影响力
8.at a 30% discount 打七　　　　　
9.the tourist peak season旅游　　　　　　季
类别
购买
品牌
折
旺
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 vi.　(狗)吠叫
vt. 厉声发令
n. (狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮
2.　　　　　　 vt. 使落入险境;卡住,绊住
n. 陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
3.　　　　　　 n. 金额,款项;总和,总数;全部
bark
trap
sum
4.　　　　　　 vt. 发布;释放;松开;发泄
n. 释放;发行;排放,泄露
5.　　　　　　 n. 奖学金;学术
6.　　　　　　 n. 广播节目,电视节目
　　　　　 vi.& vt. 播送,广播;散布,传播
7.　　　　　　 vt. 使增长,使兴旺
n. 增长,提高;帮助,激励
8.　　　　　　 vt. 理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力
release
scholarship
broadcast
boost
absorb
9.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点),见证;
目击;作证;是……的迹象
n. 目击者,见证人;证人
10.　　　　　　 vt. 谴责,控诉
11.　　　　　　 adj. 错误的,不真实的;非天生的;
假的,伪造的;不真诚的
12.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音
n. 尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音
13.　　　　　　 vt. 创建,创办;建立,兴建
witness
accuse
false
scream
found
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展
　　　　　　　 n. 延伸;扩大;延长期
2.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.侦查,调查;研究
　　　　　　　 n. 调查
3.　　　　　　 adj. 轻微的,次要的
　　　　　　　 n. 少数民族;少数
　　　　　　　 n. 大多数
extend
extension
investigate
investigation
minor
minority
majority
4.　　　　　　 n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称, 声明
　　　　　　　 adj. 专业的;职业的
　　　　　　　 n. 专业人员
5.　　　　　　 vt. (提供)消遣;逗笑
　　　　　　　 adj. 好笑的;有乐趣的
　　　　　　　 adj. 觉得好笑的
　　　　　　　 n. 娱乐;愉悦
profession
professional
amuse
amusing
amused
amusement
6.　　　　　　 vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间)
　　　　　　 vi. 全心全意投入;忠于(某人)
　　　　　　　 adj. 尽心尽力的
　　　　　　　 n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费
7.　　　　　　 vi. 相异,不同于;意见相左
　　　　　　　 adj. 不同的,有区别的
　　　　　　　 n. 差异;不同(之处)
commit
committed
commitment
differ
different
difference
8.　　　　　　 adj. 先前的;较早的;优先的
　　　　　　　 n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点
9.　　　　　　 n. 最小值,最少量
　　　　　　adj. 最低的,最小的
　　　　　　　 n. 最大量,最大限度
　　　　　　 adj. 最高的,最多的
prior
priority
minimum
maximum
10.　　　　　　 n. 批评家;评论家;评论员
　　　　　　　 adj. 批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的
　　　　　　　 adv. 危急地;严重地;批评性地
　　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 批评;评论
　　　　　　　 n. 批评;批判
11.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.断定,推断出;结束;得出结论
　　　　　　　 n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成
critic
critical
critically
criticize
criticism
conclude
conclusion
12.　　　　　　 adj. 正确无误的;精确的
　　　　　　　 n. 精确;准确
　　　　　　　 adv. 准确地;精确地
13.　　　　　　 adj. 好奇的
　　　　　　　 adv. 好奇地
　　　　　　　 n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品
accurate
accuracy
accurately
curious
curiously
curiosity
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.　　　　　　　 依靠;依赖
2.　　　　　　　 (使)增添乐趣;使更艳丽
3.　　　　　　　 例如,比如
4.　　　　　　　 揭露,披露
5.　　　　　　　 被传达,被理解, 把……讲清楚
6.　　　　　　　 致力于
rely on
brighten up
for instance
bring sth to light
get across
be committed to
7.take...as an example 　　　　　　　
8.in terms of... 　　　　　　　
9.sum up 　　　　　　　
e about 　　　　　　　
11.have the potential to do sth
　　　　　　　
12.break out 　　　　　　　
以……为例
谈及,就……而言
总结,概括
发生
有做某事的潜力
爆发
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:not only位于句首引起的部分倒装
　By taking part in the race,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　.
　通过参加这次赛跑,我们不仅锻炼了身体,而且还增强了意志力。
not only did we build up our body,
but also we strengthened our willpower
2.句型公式:“leave+宾语+宾补”结构
　　 　　　　 and you will breathe fresh air.
让门开着你就会呼吸到新鲜的空气。
3.句型公式:the+比较级……,the+比较级……
The more you practise, 　　　　 　
　　 　　　　.
你练习得越多,钢琴就弹得越好。
Leave the door open
the better you will become at playing the piano
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.Jack was very upset because he was a　　　　　 by the police of breaking the traffic rules.
2.With the big fire spreading,people ran for the exits,
s　　　　　　 out in terror.
3.The colder the air temperature is,the more quickly that heat can be r　　　　　　.
ccused
Step Two　练一练
creaming
eleased
4.You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them,and what t　　　　　　 they encountered that you should avoid.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
5.Many of these poems bear w　　　　　　 to his years spent in India and China.
6.Our school English b　　　　　　 station is looking for an announcer who is capable of speaking fluent and authentic English.
raps
itness
roadcast
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.The child asked 　　　　　　,“Why does the moon move around the earth ” We are 　　　　　　 to know why she asked such a question.Perhaps children show 　　　　　　about everything.
(curious)
2.To the audience's 　　　　　,the actor's 　　　　　　performance really 　　　　　　them and they all felt 　　　　　　.(amuse)
curiously
curious
curiosity
amusement
amusing
amused
amused
3.It was 　　　　　　that he didn't tell us the truth.I came to the
　　　　　　that he lied.(conclude)
4.From the appearance,we cannot tell the 　　　　　　between the twins,though they always have some 　　　　　　ideas.And as for this phenomenon,ideas 　　　　　　among many people.(differ)
5.While working out the problem,you should pay more attention to the 　　　　　　.You must measure the length 　　　　　　in order to get the 　　　　　　number.(accurate)
concluded
conclusion
differences
different
differ
accuracy
accurately
accurate
Ⅲ.短语填空
rely on　break out　get across　sum up　come about　in terms of...
1.The moment the explosion 　　　　 　　,the firefighters rushed to the scene and there happened a big fire.
2.It took the teacher a long time 　　　　　　the complex math problem 　　　　　　to the students.
3.　　　　　　,you should firmly believe that all roads lead to Rome.
broke out
to get
across
To sum up
4.While advertisements are of great help,I don't think we should entirely 　　　　　　them.
5.Can you explain how it 　　　　　　that she heard our conversation by accident
6.It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated
　　　　　　overall quality.
rely on
came about
in terms of
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhou Yang,a journalist, 1.　　 　　　　 (commit) to journalism since graduation.It's said that he has broadcast
2.　　　　　 (dozen) of accurate news reports,3.　　　　　　 are all based on factual investigations.
has been committed
dozens
which
For instance,once a big fire came 4.　　　　　 in a housing estate.Then the community got into a mess,dogs barking and residents screaming.5.　　　　　　 (fortunate),on arriving there,he realized the ambulance and the firefighters had arrived.The injured were evidently in pain and choked.Doctors and firefighters were busy rescuing the 6.　　　　　　 (trap) people.Zhou Yang immediately involved 7.　　　　　　 (he) in investigating the cause of the fire.However,different witnesses gave different explanations.
about
Fortunately
trapped
himself
Some said 8.　　　　　　 was a cigarette end that lit a carpet while others accused an aging electric wire of causing it.In order not to give a false news report,he made further investigations.With his effort,the truth was brought to light.The scoop was released and broadcast in time,9.　　　　　　 (get) high ratings.His commitment to his profession earned him 10.　　　　　　 (admire) and respect from his colleagues as well as the citizens.
it
getting
admiration
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.2 写作迁移
1.trap vt.(trapped,trapped,trapping)使落入险境;卡住(stick),绊住
n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
佳句背诵　
Standing frozen as ice,never had I thought about being trapped in such a dilemma that I was flooded with overwhelming awkwardness and panic.(情绪描写) 我像冻住的冰一样站在那里,从未想过自己会陷入这样的两难境地,感到无比的尴尬和恐慌。
be/get trapped in 被困在……中
trap sb into (doing) sth 使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套;使某人中计
[点拨]　表示“被困于……中”的短语还有:be/get caught in、be/get stuck in。
以练促学　单句写作
①The shopkeeper 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a lot of products that I didn’t need.
店主诱使我买了很多我不需要的产品。
trapped me into buying
教考衔接　单句写作
②My head 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I breathed hard for air and I was in no mood to play jokes with my elder brother.
(动作描写;2021·浙江1月卷)
我的头卡在了南瓜里,我大口喘气,完全没有心情和哥哥开玩笑。
trapped in the pumpkin
2.differ vi.相异,不同于;意见相左→different adj.不同的,有区别的
→difference n.不同(之处);差异
佳句背诵　
The cultures of the two countries differ in many ways, including language, customs,and cuisine.
这两个国家的文化在许多方面都有所不同,包括语言、习俗和美食。
differ from=be different from与……不同
differ in sth 在某方面不同
make a difference to 对……起作用/产生影响
make no difference to 对……不起作用/没有影响
以练促学　语段训练
①They are twins but they 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
and they also 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.But it
　　 　　　　　　　　their life. (分别用different,differ,difference)
他们是双胞胎,但他们在习惯上不同,在许多行为上也不同。但这对他们的生活并没有任何影响。
are different from each other in their habits
differ from each other in many behaviours
makes no difference to
教考衔接　单句写作
②Your participation will surely 　　　　　　　　　.We sincerely hope to see you there!(邀请信,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你的参与肯定会有所不同。我们真诚地希望能在那里见到你!
make a differenc
3.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成→conclude vt.& vi.
得出结论;断定,推断出; 结束(生义)
佳句背诵　
In conclusion,only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow.(短文投稿,2022·全国甲卷)
总之,只有大家共同努力,我们才能拥有更美好的明天。
draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 总之
conclude from sth that 从……中得出结论
conclude...with... 以……结束……
以练促学　一句多译
①我从我自己的经历中得出结论:自己亲自实践很重要。(短文投稿,2023·全国乙卷)
→I 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 it is important to practise with our own hands.(conclude)
→I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　it is important to practise with our own hands.(conclusion)
concluded from my own experiences that
came to/arrived at/reached/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that
教考衔接　单句写作
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that the majority of students seek light-hearted ways to learn English.
(现象介绍,2022·全国乙卷)
从数据中我们可以得出结论,大多数学生寻求轻松的方法学习英语。
From the data we can conclude
4.committed adj.尽心尽力的(devoted)→commitment n.投入;献身;承诺;花费→commit vt.犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间) vi. 忠于(某人);全心全意投入
佳句背诵　
The charity is committed to providing education and healthcare services for the poor children.
这个慈善机构致力于为贫困儿童提供教育和医疗服务。
be committed to (doing) sth=commit oneself to (doing) sth
致力于(做)某事;承诺(做)某事
commit sth (time/money) to (doing) sth
投入某物(时间/金钱)于(做)某事
make a commitment to (doing)/to (do) sth
保证(做)某事;承诺(做)某事
以练促学　语段训练
①The members of spoken English club 　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, which will improve their spoken English gradually.Meanwhile,they 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
英语口语俱乐部的成员每天用一个小时读英语,这将逐渐提高他们的英语口语。同时,他们保证经常和他们的同学练习英语口语。
commit one hour to reading
English every day
make a commitment to
practising/to practise spoken English with their classmates regularly
教考衔接　单句写作
②Finally, the rise of new energy vehicles　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 　　　 sustainable development and reducing carbon emissions.
最后,新能源汽车的兴起体现了中国对可持续发展和降低碳排放的承诺。(发言稿,2024·全国甲卷)
reflects China's
commitment to
5.accuse vt.谴责,控诉,控告;指责
佳句背诵　
Accused of stealing things in the shop,the lady stood there,hanging her head in shame.
那位女士被指控偷了商店里的东西,她站在那里,羞愧地垂着头。(动作+心理描写)
accuse sb of...=charge sb with... 指责某人……;控告某人……
·remind sb of sth提醒某人某事
·inform sb of sth 告知某人某事
·cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病
·suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人做某事
·convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
[点拨]　与“accuse sb of sth”结构类似的动词短语还有:
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Mike was accused 　　　　　　cheating in the competition,which really surprised all of us.
②Suspected 　　　　　　abusing drugs, the fellow was questioned by the police.
of
of
③这位青少年被控告偷了这位女士的金戒指,他站在那里,无话可说。
→　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and he stood there with nothing to say.(accuse)
→　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and he stood there with nothing to say.(charge)
教考衔接　单句语法填空
④Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me 　　　　　　(close) the window in my car when rain is coming.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
The teenager was accused of stealing the woman's gold ring
The teenager was charged with stealing the woman's gold ring
to close
During the science project, my partner and I were committed to finding the truth, but we differed on our approach to the experiment. I believed in following the textbook method, while my partner wanted to try something new. We got into a heated discussion, and in the heat of the moment, I accused my partner of falling into a trap of misinformation. After calming down, we realized that we needed to work together to reach the correct conclusion.
6.witness vt.& vi.是发生……的时间(或地点),见证;目击;作证;是……
的迹象 n.目击者, 见证人;证人
佳句背诵　
From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the whole experience was amazing.(2022·全国甲卷)
从观赏野生动物到目睹日出,整个经历都令人惊叹。
witness to (doing)... 为……作证;出庭证明;证实
witness sth/that... 当场看到,目击……
(a) witness to... ……的目击者/证人/证据
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The police were told that Mr Black was the only witness
　　　　　　the car accident.
②The light of the setting sun shone on the boys,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (分词短语作状语)
夕阳的余晖洒在孩子们的身上,见证了一段新友谊的开始。
to
witnessing the start of a new friendship
教考衔接　单句写作
③It was on this day that I learned the true lesson of going to all lengths and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
(主旨升华,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
正是在这一天,我真正学会了全力以赴,见证了我这辈子见过的最好的奇迹。
witnessed the best miracle I have ever seen in my life
7.persuade vt.说服;劝说;使信服;使相信(convince)→persuasive adj.
有说服力的;令人信服的→persuasion n.说服,劝说;信仰
佳句背诵　
It was my teacher who persuaded me to believe in myself and participate in the composition contest.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
正是我的老师说服我相信自己,参加作文大赛。
persuade/convince sb to do sth=persuade/talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
persuade/convince sb not to do sth=persuade/talk sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The salesman’s 　　　　　　was so 　　　　　　that I was
　　　　　　into purchasing their expensive service in spite of my humble salary.(persuade)
②The instant I successfully 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
the cross-country run, I sighed a smile of relief.
一成功地说服他不要放弃越野赛,我就松了口气,欣慰地笑了。
persuasion
persuasive
persuaded
persuaded him not to quit/out of quitting
教考衔接　单句写作
③Transportation and technology are suitable topics that your teachers and classmates may care about. High-speed trains
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, combining the transportation and technology.(建议信,2024·北京卷)
交通和技术是你的老师和同学可能关心的合适话题。高铁是最有说服力的证据,它结合了交通和技术。
are the most persuasive proof
8.absorb vt.理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力(attract);使并入,吞并
→absorbed adj.全神贯注的
佳句背诵　
He lay down there,looked up at the sky,and soon absorbed himself in thinking. 他躺在那里,看着天空,很快陷入了沉思。
全神贯注于
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
[联想]　与be absorbed in类似的结构还有:be lost in、be caught in、be buried in、be devoted to、be occupied in、be involved in。
以练促学　句式升级
①Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot his promise to accompany me to the cinema.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that he forgot his promise to accompany me to the cinema.(倒装)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, Tom forgot his promise to accompany me to the cinema.(分词短语作状语)
So absorbed was Tom in his work
So absorbed in his work
教考衔接　单句写作
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, my head teacher frequently forgets about eating.(人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
我的班主任全神贯注于教学,经常忘记吃饭。
Absorbed in/Absorbing himself in teaching
9.take... as an example以……为例
佳句背诵　
Take the great American scientist Thomas Edison as an example, he tried experiment after experiment and had one failure after another before he finally invented the bulb.
以伟大的美国科学家托马斯·爱迪生为例,他做了一次又一次的实验,失败了一次又一次,才最终发明了灯泡。
take...for example=take...as an example以……为例
for example=for instance 例如
follow one’s example 效仿某人,以某人为榜样
set an example for/to 为……树立榜样
以练促学　单句写作
①Honestly speaking,I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
老实说,我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号,我应该向你学习。
should follow your example
教考衔接　单句写作
②Finally he made it and became a champion and legend,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (人物介绍,2023·全国甲卷)
最后,他成功了,成为冠军和传奇,为他人树立了榜样。
setting an example to others
In recent years,we have witnessed many changes in our society. It's not easy to persuade people to accept new ideas. However, when they absorb enough knowledge and information, they might change their minds. Take the development of online education as an example. It has brought great convenience to students and has become an important part of our lives.
1.句型公式:“leave+宾语+宾补”结构
课本原句:The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
佳句背诵　
On hearing the bad news,he hurried home, leaving the book lying open on the table.
一听到这个坏消息他就匆忙回家了,那本书还打开着放在桌子上。
“leave+宾语+宾补”为leave复合结构,此时leave作使役动词,表示“使/让……保持某种状态”,其具体构成如下:
(1)leave+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语/名词
(2)leave+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主谓关系)
(3)leave+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是动宾关系)
(4)leave+宾语+动词不定式(表示将来的动作)
以练促学　单句写作
①His house caught fire,because he went out but 　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　.
他的房子着火了,因为他出去后厨房炉灶还在烧。
②They covered him with a blanket,　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
他们用毯子盖住他,只让他的眼睛暴露在外面。
left the stove
burning in the kitchen
only leaving his eyes exposed
教考衔接　单句写作
③If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
(2023·浙江1月卷)
如果有人不同意你的观点,你的话可能起不了多大作用,而且往往会让你感到更加气馁。
leave you feeling more discouraged
2.句型公式:the+比较级……,the+比较级……
课本原句: The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.
我们越喜欢品牌大使,我们就越会被吸引去购买产品。
佳句背诵　
As far as I’m concerned, the more you take part in after-class activities, the sooner you will adapt to the new environment.(建议信)
在我看来,你参加的课外活动越多,你就能越快适应新环境。
(1)“the+比较级……,the+比较级……”意为“越……就越……”,表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
(2)从结构上看,第一个“the+比较级……”是表示条件的状语从句;在表示将来意义的情况时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the+比较级……”是主句,用一般将来时。
以练促学　单句写作/翻译句子
①It was our teacher who reminded us that 　　 　　　　　 　,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
是我们的老师提醒我们:我们越自信,就越有可能成功。
②她读得越多,就越想学习。
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
the more confident we were
the more likely we were to succeed.
The more she read,the more she wanted to learn.
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　,
　　　　　　　　　　　　 the significance of work.
(活动介绍,2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
我参加采摘活动的时间越长,我就越意识到工作的重要性。
The more time I spent participating in this picking activity
the more I was aware of
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.We are glad to hear that the famous singer will release his new album next month. 　　　　　
2.Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions.　　　 　　
3.The forest floor was carpeted with wild flowers. 　 　　　　
4.Perhaps the prime reason is that drug addicts may commit crimes when they are in short of money. 　　　　　
5.These special courses are tailored to the needs of disabled children.
　　　　 　
vt.发行,发布
n.方式,方法,手段
vt.厚厚地铺上
vt.犯(罪)
vt.专门制作,定做
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.trap vt.使落入险境;卡住,绊住;捕捉;使……陷入圈套 n.陷阱,罗网;
圈套;困境,牢笼
vt.捕捉
①After studying agriculture,medicine,and fisheries in college,John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 　　　　　
②It was reported that some miners were trapped underground after the collapse. 　 　　　　
vt.使落入险境
③I felt I had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract.
　 　　　　
④The only thing the wolf could do was climb up to the ground from the trap. 　　　　　
vt.使……陷入圈套
n.陷阱,罗网
2.absorb vt.理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力;吞并
vt.吸引全部注意力
①Things in colour can often absorb children’s attention easily.
　　　　 　
②One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year.
　　　　　
③I’ve been busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me. 　　　　　
④Most small shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis. 　　　　　
vt.吸收
vt.理解,掌握
vt.吞并
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Navajas’ study found that the average 　　　　　　(accurate)could increase even if estimates were not fully independent.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.With the help of their father,the twins were committed to
　　　　　　(make) delicious breakfast.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
3.　　　　　　 (absorb) in writing a poem,the poet didn’t realize night was approaching.
accuracy
making
Absorbed
4.My parents told me that the 　　　　 　　(careful) you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.
5.　　　　　　 (trap) in a net around the rock,the dolphin wasn’t able to swim up to get air.
6.I opened the paper bag with 　　　　　　(curious) and lying on top of the food was my $20 bill.
7.The new airport which is 　　　　　　construction lies in the east of the city.
more careful
Trapped
curiosity
under
8.She concluded her speech 　　　　　　a funny story,which made the audience laugh loudly.
9.The company was accused 　　　　　　cheating the customers because they advertised the low quality products.
10.As the witness 　　　　　　the crash,he got 　　　　　　the details to the police on the scene.
with
of
to
across
11.It is the difficulties you encounter and your reactions to them that make 　　　　　　difference to your life in the future.
12.I’m trying to persuade him 　　　　　　(grasp) this golden chance to show his fluent English.
13.Not only some residents but also Tom 　　　　　　(hold) the belief that there is no sense in protecting the historical sites.
a
to grasp
holds
维度三　完成句子
1.They were 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
a loud whistle frightened them.
他们正要在户外搭起帐篷,这时一声响亮的口哨声把他们吓坏了。
2.　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ,
so I found it hard to fit in.
这是我第一次住在离家这么远的地方,所以我发现很难适应。
about to put up the tent in the open air when
It was the first time that I had lived far away from home
3.With the development of society,the tourist industry is 　　　　 　.
　随着社会的发展,旅游业突然兴起。
4.There are a number of improvements; 　　　　　　, both mouse buttons can now be used.
有许多改进,比如,现在两个鼠标按钮都可以使用了。
springing up
for instance
5.Volunteers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to deliver water and food to the elderly people trapped in high-rise buildings.
　志愿者爬上几十层楼梯,给被困在高层建筑里的老人送水和食物。
6.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a world-class musician.
他有潜力成为一个世界级的音乐家。
climbed dozens of flights of stairs
has the potential to become
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(发言稿——网络新闻媒体的崛起)
　　假定你是李华,应邀参加一个关于大众传媒的国际网络论坛(Online Forum About the Mass Media)活动,请你就“网络新闻媒体的崛起”(the rise of the online news media)用英语写一篇发言稿,准备在论坛上发言,内容包括:
1.网络新闻媒体兴起的状况;
2.兴起的原因;
3.未来前景。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①我很荣幸有机会在这个论坛上做一个题为“网络新闻媒体的崛起”的演讲。(it作形式主语,过去分词短语作定语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
It's my great honour to have the opportunity to give a speech titled “The Rise of the Online News Media” on this forum.
②如你所知,近年来,越来越多的人转向网络新闻媒体获取新闻。
(witness)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
As you know,the recent years has witnessed an increasing number of people turn to the online news media for news.
③据估计,大约90%的人经常在网上获得一些新闻,这意味着网络新闻媒体正在崛起。
(mount up,it+be+过去分词+that...,现在分词短语作状语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
It has been estimated that around 90% of people often get some of their news online,meaning the online news media is mounting up.
④推动网络新闻媒体快速发展的是互联网和智能设备的发展。(boost,what引导主语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
What boosts the rapid growth of the online news media is the development of the Internet and the smart devices.
⑤大量新闻应用程序和新闻媒体如雨后春笋般涌现,这使得读者更容易看到网上发布的新闻报道。(spring up,release,非限制性定语从句,过去分词短语作定语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
The numerous news apps and news media have sprung up,which has made it easier for readers to access news reports released online.
⑥不可否认,网络新闻媒体不仅有助于获取最新的消息,而且拓宽了我们的视野。(not only...but also...)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
There is no denying that the online news media has not only helped us obtain the latest news but also has broadened our horizons.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
Hello! Everyone!
It's my great honour to have the opportunity to give a speech titled “The Rise of the Online News Media” on this forum.
As you know,the recent years has witnessed an increasing number of people turn to the online news media for news.It has been estimated that around 90% of people often get some of their news online,meaning the online news media is mounting up.What boosts the rapid growth of the online news media is the development of the Internet and the smart devices.The numerous news apps and news media have sprung up,which has made it easier for readers to access news reports released online.
There is no denying that the online news media has not only helped us obtain the latest news but also has broadened our horizons.
That's all for me.
Thank you!
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:一个寒冷的傍晚,大卫前往另一个城市参加工作面试。他急需这份工作来挣取房子纠纷的律师费。在途中,他遇到了一个惊恐的小女孩,尽管他知道帮助她可能会错过面试,但他还是决定停下来帮助她。小女孩名叫米娅,她的妈妈劳拉急需救助。大卫跟随她找到了事故发生的地方。他立刻呼叫了911,在救援人员到来之前为昏迷的女孩妈妈提供帮助,并陪女孩送妈妈去医院。
场景续写1:
大卫陪米娅去看望劳拉→小女孩跑上去拥抱妈妈并告诉她事实真相→劳拉向大卫表达感激→劳拉询问大卫晚上的计划→大卫解释说要去参加工作面试以便能请得起律师→劳拉对大卫错过工作面试深表遗憾→大卫安慰劳拉并说他只是关心请律师的事→劳拉想到了一个主意
【参考范文】
As David and Mia visited Laura,the little girl ran to her mother and hugged her. “It's David that saved us,Mommy!” Mia said excitedly.Laura extended her heartfelt gratitude to David,“You are so kind! I just can't thank you enough for it!” Then Laura inquired about David's plan for the evening.David explained that he was heading for a job interview so that he could afford a lawyer.
On hearing this,Laura expressed her sorrow at David missing the job interview.David reassured Laura,stating that he was merely concerned about securing a lawyer's assistance.At that very moment, an idea came into Laura's mind.
It turned out that Laura was a professional lawyer. “Take it easy,David! Actually,I'm a lawyer.” said Laura,with a smile on her face.She generously offered to defend David for free and asked David to tell her his case in detail.Feeling a wave of surprise and joy sweeping over him,David advised Laura to have a good rest first.Two months later,with the help of Laura,David won the lawsuit and successfully saved his house.As the old saying goes,“One good turn deserves another.”After that,David continued to help those in need.
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(四川高考阅读C)
A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart.
Izzy,nine,restarted father Colm’s heart by stamping (踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.
Izzy’s mother,Debbie,immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father,so decided to use CPR.
However,she quickly discovered her arms weren’t strong enough, so she stamped on her father’s chest instead.
Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions (按压) until the ambulance arrived.
Izzy,who has been given a bravery award by her school,said:“I just kicked him really hard.My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn’t strong enough to use hands.I was quite scared.The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse.My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”
“She’s a little star,” said Debbie.“I was really upset but Izzy just took over.I just can’t believe what she did.I really think all children should be taught first aid.Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up.Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we’ve got to see an expert.”
Truck driver Colm,35,suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital,but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day.The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled,preventing him from breathing,his blood pressure dropped suddenly,and his heart stopped for a moment.
He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.
真题再做
【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了9岁女童Izzy勇敢救父的故事。Izzy的父亲因过敏反应心脏骤停,Izzy采取急救措施挽救了父亲的生命。
39.Izzy kicked her father in the chest 　　　　　.
A.to express her helplessness
B.to practise CPR on him
C.to keep him awake
D.to restart his heart
√
解析　细节理解题。由第一段中的“A schoolgirl saved her father's life by kicking him in the chest”以及第二段中的“Izzy,nine,restarted father Colm's heart by stamping (踩) on his chest”可知,Izzy踩她父亲的胸部的目的是让心脏复苏,故选D项。
40.What’s the right order of the events
①Izzy kicked Colm.　②Debbie called 999.
③Izzy learned CPR.　④Colm’s heart stopped.
A.③①②④ B.④②③①
C.③④②① D.④③①②
√
解析　细节理解题。由上下文可知,Izzy先前学习了CPR (心肺复苏术),后来她父亲因过敏反应心脏骤停,Izzy的母亲Debbie拨了999急救电话,然后Izzy采取了急救措施,故选C项。
41.What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about
A.What Colm suffered.
B.Colm’s present condition.
C.What caused Colm’s allergy.
D.Symptoms of Colm’s allergic reaction.
√
解析　段落大意题。本段首句提及“suffered a mystery allergic reaction”,第二句提及“The second attack”,可见本段主要是说Colm的遭遇,故选A项。
42.Why does the author write the news
A.To describe a serious accident.
B.To prove the importance of CPR.
C.To report a 9-year-old girl’s brave act.
D.To call people’s attention to allergic reaction.
√
解析　写作意图题。文章为新闻报道,第一段中的“A schoolgirl saved her father's life by kicking him in the chest”为导语,所以作者的写作目的是报道9岁女童勇敢救父的故事,故选C项。
思维建模
新闻报道体裁的特点
新闻报道类文章在英文阅读理解中有一些独特的特点,列举如下:
1.标题醒目:新闻报道的标题通常简洁有力,能概括文章的核心内容或主题,吸引读者的注意力。
2.导语简明扼要:新闻报道通常以一个简短的导语开始,包含了文章的主要信息,即“五个W和一个H”(Who、What、When、Where、Why、How)。这部分通常概括了整个事件的核心内容。
3.结构清晰:新闻报道采用倒金字塔结构,最重要的信息放在前面,次要的信息逐步展开。这种结构方便读者在最短时间内获取关键信息。
4.语言简洁明了:新闻报道的语言通常简洁、直白,避免使用复杂的句式和过多的修饰语,力求表达准确、清晰,易于理解。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:kick v.踢; Para.2:stamp v.跺脚,重踩; Para.5:ambulance n.救护车; Para.6:bravery n.勇敢 scared adj.害怕的 Para.1:save one’s life挽救某人的生命;
Para.3:arrive in time及时到达;
Para.5:take over接管;
Para.7:turn up出现
析 长 难 语 句 Para.8:Truck driver Colm,35,suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital,but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day.
[句式分析]　这是一个由and和but两个并列连词连接的并列句。
[尝试翻译]　

[语言赏析]　这句话巧用两个连词,有效地传达了一个紧急医疗事件的过程及其复杂结果。
35岁的卡车司机科尔姆在星期六遭受了一次不明原因的过敏反应而被送往医院,但当天就被送回家中,不料第二天再次发作。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·郑州高三质量预测二)
Waterways are important for every country around the world. They provide not only water for everyday use but also routes for transport.However,due to industrial activity,many of them are now polluted.
Dakota Perry from the US has experienced water pollution first-hand.The 15-year-old high school girl told Alabama Local News that she spends a lot of time going on boat rides with her dad on the river behind their house.However,the river has become littered with plastic bags,bottles and cups.Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river.So,with the help of her father,she designed a system to collect and remove rubbish in waterways.
In May,Perry put forward her solution at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair held in Georgia,the US,and received a Judge’s Award from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for her project.
According to the Science News for Students website,her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡) Barrier in Amsterdam,which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system.But Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly.She planned to create a curtain of bubbles that stretched the river diagonally (对角地).The curtain would stop the floating rubbish and then push it toward the shore.Once there,a conveyor run by a solar-powered battery would carry the waste to a dustbin.
In her backyard pool,Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a stream of bubbles.She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles to form a full curtain.“For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for Students,“I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”
After she tested her system for collecting rubbish,Perry found that it worked better than expected.Next,she plans to work out how to use the power of the river to run the air compressor.
【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了美国15岁的高中女孩Dakota Perry在父亲的帮助下,设计了一款收集和清理河道垃圾的系统。
1.What motivated Perry to design a rubbish-collecting system
A.Her father’s encouragement.
B.Her desire to protect a nearby river.
C.A visit to a science and engineering fair.
D.An invention of a Dutch high school student
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However,the river has become littered with...clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river.”可知,Perry为了清理河道里的垃圾,保护附近的河流,设计了一款垃圾收集系统,故选B项。
√
2.What can we know about the rubbish-collecting system
A.It was designed by Perry alone.
B.It makes power to run the air compressor.
C.It collects solar energy to remove rubbish.
D.It creates a bubble curtain to block rubbish.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“She planned to create a curtain of bubbles...then push it toward the shore.”可知,该系统会生成气泡屏障以阻挡漂浮的垃圾,故选D项。
√
3.What is the 5th paragraph mainly about
A.Advantages of the system.
B.The way of testing the system.
C.The improvement on the system.
D.Challenges in the design process.
解析　段落大意题。根据第五段中的“She experimented with different amounts of...to form a full curtain.”和“I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”可知,本段主要讲测试这个系统的方法,故选B项。
√
4.What kind of person is Perry
A.Efficient and ambitious. B.Helpful and hard-working.
C.Responsible and creative. D.Professional and adventurous.
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Perry wanted to clean up the water”可以看出,Perry是一个有社会责任感的孩子;根据第五段中的“She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles”可以看出,Perry对自己的系统很负责任;根据第四段中的“Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly”可知,Perry是一个有创新精神的人,故选C项。
√
(2025·南通高三模拟)
The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down.Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger.Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer:contrary to current theories,insects are not attracted to light from far away,but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.
According to Dr Sam Fabian,study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist,moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest.For hundreds of millions of years,this was the sky rather than the ground.The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level.But then came artificial lighting.Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps.This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly,the insects trapped by their evolution.
Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab.The videos reveal that time and again,moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights,which appeared to greatly change their flight paths.If the light is above them,they might start orbiting it,but if it’s behind them,they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground.
Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations.Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats.The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime,causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding.
There are,Fabian believes,helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world,and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究,研究发现昆虫因其进化出的本能会被夜间的光照困住,启示我们改善人造光源以保护昆虫。
5.What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Popularized widely. B.Discussed openly.
C.Defined accurately. D.Explored academically.
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线短语下文“Popular theories...a more convincing answer”可知,对于昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围这一问题没有标准答案,故可推知画线短语所在句意为“昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围,这一科学问题至今仍未得到明确解释”,推测画线短语nailed down意为“明确解释”,与Defined accurately意义相近,故选C项。
√
6.Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because 　　　　.
A.they can’t keep their balance.
B.they use improper flight attitude.
C.they lose track of which way is up.
D.they are attracted to lights from far away.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Moths found...by their evolution.”可知,飞蛾会将背部向着路灯倾斜,这导致它们无休止地绕着灯转,因此是不正确的飞行姿态导致飞蛾无休止地绕着灯转,故选B项。
√
7.What is the significance of the research finding
A.It may lead to better conservation of insects.
B.Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of.
C.Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night.
D.It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior.
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,这项研究的意义是告诉我们改变人造光的方向可以使昆虫不被困住,从而更好地保护昆虫,故选A项。
√
8.What is the text mainly about
A.Why insects lose their ability to fly at night.
B.Why artificial light and evolution trap insects.
C.How artificial light impacts insect populations.
D.How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight.
解析　文章大意题。文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究,研究发现昆虫被进化的本能困住,会无休止地围绕人造光源旋转,这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向,更好地保护昆虫,所以B项“为什么人造光和进化会困住昆虫 ”符合题意,故选B项。
√
(2025·济宁高三模拟)
In 2022,the Nature Conservancy launched two 5-year pilot projects at working ranches (牧场) in Kansas and New Mexico to determine if virtual fences enable land managers to better perform regenerative management practices and to assess potential benefits for biodiversity and for ranchers’ bottom lines,as well as impacts on soil carbon storage.
Applauded by the U.S.Department of Agriculture as a climate adaption strategy,virtual fencing is an innovative technology that enables ranchers to use a smartphone or web app to remotely monitor and control where and when cattle graze (吃草).Virtual fences can reduce the need for physical fences,which require significant time, expense and labor to maintain.Physical fences also limit land managers in their ability to change grazing boundaries to adapt to seasonal changes in vegetation or to exclude cattle from ecologically sensitive areas.
The cows are outfitted with battery-operated,GPS-enabled collars that send out a radio frequency to communicate with reception towers,creating virtual grazing boundaries set by a rancher.When a cow approaches the edge of the virtual boundary,the collar produces a sound signaling it to turn around.If the cow proceeds to cross the boundary,it receives a momentary mild shock,signaling that it’s gone too far and should rejoin its group.
Grasslands are the least protected habitat on earth and one of the most effective carbon sinks,storing up to 20% of the world’s soil organic carbon.Unfortunately,grasslands are continuing to rapidly disappear for several reasons.For ecological health,most grassland ecosystems need periods of disturbance to aerate (使透气) the soil, stimulate plant growth and recycle nutrients into the soil.Ranchers complete this disturbance-rest cycle by managing the timing, location,herd size and intensity of grazing activities,all of which can be time-consuming and painstaking.
“Currently,the costs of virtual fencing are still high,but in the long run it can help land managers better carry out management practices that regenerate land health,help address climate change and biodiversity loss,” said William Burnidge,director of the Nature Conservancy.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在2022年,美国大自然保护协会在堪萨斯州和新墨西哥州中处于运营状态的牧场推出的两个为期5年的虚拟围栏试点项目,说明了虚拟牧场的工作原理以及其对牧场和管理的好处,并展望了该项目的前景。
9.What’s stressed concerning virtual fencing in paragraph 2
A.Its smart design. B.Its major advantages.
C.Its wide application. D.Its working principles.
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Applauded by...expense and labor to maintain.”可知,这一段主要说的是虚拟围栏对适应气候和管理都有好处,即介绍了其优势,故选B项。
√
10.What does the mild shock indicate to the cow
A.It’s time to return. B.It’s time to graze.
C.It’s in danger. D.It’s in a wrong direction.
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the cow proceeds...should rejoin its group.”可知,牛收到轻微电击的时候,就表明它应该回到牛群,故选A项。
√
11.What’s unavoidable for ranchers to complete the disturbance-rest cycle
A.Intense efforts. B.Polluted soil.
C.Financial failure. D.Ecological imbalance.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For ecological health...be time-consuming and painstaking.”可知要完成这个周期十分耗时耗力,即需要付出巨大努力,故选A 项。
√
12.What’s Mr.Burnidge’s attitude to virtual fencing
A.Intolerant. B.Objective.
C.Doubtful. D.Conservative.
解析　观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中的“Currently,the costs of virtual fencing...help address climate change and biodiversity loss”可知,作者既提到了虚拟牧场的优点,还提到了它费用高昂的缺点,所以作者对该项目的态度是客观的,故选B项。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·济南历城二中高三模拟)
Breakthroughs from science and technology have completely changed much of human life.　1　 The following are some examples of traditional methods,old ideas,and ancient techniques that are helping to solve problems in the 21st century.
Yacouba Sawadogo,a farmer from Burkina Faso,West Africa,has led the transformation of poor,dry land into productive agricultural land.　2　 Pits (坑) are dug in the ground,allowing water to gather in one place.Since popularizing the use of pits,Sawadogo has helped increase food production in Burkina Faso.
　3　 Here deep holes are dug in places where crops are grown,enabling water to be directed precisely to places where it is needed.And the holes are covered with soil,straw and other materials to keep in as much moisture (水分) as possible.
And in Thailand,some farmers have avoided modern,chemical-based methods for pest control and are instead adopting the ancient method using ducks known locally as “ped lai thoong”,meaning “field chasing (追赶) ducks”.　4　
As for forest problems,periodic fires can be a solution.The reason is that they can clear out dead organic material,expose the forest floor to sunlight,and nourish the soil.　5　 Researchers have found that ancient inhabitants of the Amazon region had been using fire to clear the rainforest in a carefully controlled way to limit the risk of large outbreaks.
A.But this practice is nothing new.
B.Ancient techniques are proving more effective,though.
C.This ground-based technique is a great help to precise farming.
D.He has done it thanks to an ancient way of trapping water in the soil.
E.Digging holes forms an important part of agriculture in Zimbabwe, too.
F.These birds are left to wander freely among fields to eat harmful insects.
G.But sometimes,tried and tested ideas that have stood the test of time can still be of use.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了几种能帮助解决现代问题的传统方法。
1.G　［空前提到科学技术的突破彻底改变了人类生活的许多方面。空后提到以下是一些用传统方法、旧思想和古老技术解决21世纪问题的例子。由此可知,空处应与空前内容形成转折,并引出传统方法。故G项“但有时候,经受住了时间考验的可靠的想法仍然有用”符合语境。G项中的“tried and tested ideas that have stood the test of time”与空后的“traditional methods,old ideas,and ancient techniques”相呼应。]
2.D　［空前提到来自西非布基纳法索的农民Yacouba Sawadogo将贫瘠、干燥的土地转变为多产的农业用地。空后提到在地里挖坑,让水聚集在一个地方。自从推广坑的使用以来,Sawadogo帮助提高了布基纳法索的粮食产量。由此可知,空处应提及Yacouba Sawadogo是如何做的,即他采用了什么样的方法。D项“他能做到这一点要归功于一种将水留存在土壤中的古老方法”承上启下,符合语境。其中,D项中的“He”指代上文中的“Yacouba Sawadogo”,“an ancient way of trapping water in the soil”与下文中的“Pits (坑) are dug in the ground,allowing water to gather in one place.”相呼应。]
3.E　［空处为段落主旨句。空后提到在这里,人们在种植作物的地方挖深洞,使水能够精确地流向需要的地方。这些洞被土壤、稻草和其他材料覆盖,以保持尽可能多的水分。由此可知,本段提及的传统方法应与“deep holes”有关,且空处应点明“Here”所指的地方。E项“挖洞也是津巴布韦农业的重要组成部分”能够概括段落的主要内容,符合语境。]
4.F　［空前提到在泰国,一些农民避免使用现代的化学方法来控制害虫,而是使用一种在当地被称为“ped lai thoong”的古老方法。由此可知,空处应是对这种方法的具体介绍。F项“这些鸭子被放在田野里自由地游荡,吃掉害虫”说明了该方法的具体做法和目的,符合语境。F项中的“These birds”指代上文中的“ducks”。]
5.A　［空前提到至于森林问题,定期放火可能是一个解决方案。原因是火可以清除死亡的有机物质,使森林地表暴露在阳光下,并滋养土壤。空后提到研究人员发现,亚马孙地区的古代居民一直在小心谨慎地用火清理雨林,以限制大火爆发的风险。由此可知,空处内容应是在说这种做法并不新鲜,以前就有。A项“但这种做法并不新鲜”与上文形成转折,且与空后内容呼应,符合语境。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:industrial adj.工业的,产业的;Para.2:first-hand adv.第一手得来地,直接地;remove v.移开,拿开,去掉;Para.4:direct v.指引,指向,引导;使……转向;stretch v.拉长,拽宽,撑大,抻松;拉紧,拉直
B Para.1:insect n.昆虫;navigate v.导航;Para.2:evolve v.进化;
Para.3:circle n.圈;Para.4:decline n.减少;Para.5:factor n.因素
C Para.1:launch v.启动;Para.2:applaud v.赞扬;strategy n.策略;Para.3:boundary n.边界;Para.4:habitat n.栖息地;carbon n.碳;ecosystem n.生态系统;Para.5:practice n.做法
熟词 生义 B Para.1:current　熟义:n.电流;生义:adj.现在的,最近的
C Para.4:sink　熟义:v.沉入;生义:n.储存库
词 块 积 累 A Para.3:put forward提出(计划、建议、意见等)
B Para.1:gather around聚集;Para.3:end up最终;Para.4:light pollution光污染;Para.5:helpful lessons有帮助的教训
C Para.1:enable sb to do sth使某人能够做某事;as well as以及;
Para.2:adapt to适应;Para.3:send out发出;communicate with与……沟通;turn around转变
长 难 句 式 B Para.2:According to Dr Sam Fabian,study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist,moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt their backs to wherever is brightest.
[分析]　这是一个复合句。study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist是Dr Sam Fabian的同位语;关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰先行词moths and many other insects;连接副词wherever引导从句,作介词to的宾语。
[译文]　根据研究合著者、伦敦帝国学院昆虫学家Sam Fabian博士的说法,夜间飞行的蛾子和许多其他昆虫已经进化到会将它们的背部向最亮的地方倾斜。
长 难 句 式 C Para.5:Currently,the costs of virtual fencing are still high,but in the long run it can help land managers better carry out management practices that regenerate land health,help address climate change and biodiversity loss.
[分析]　这是一个由but连接的并列复合句。在第二个分句中含有一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句。
[译文]　目前,虚拟围栏的成本仍然很高,但从长远来看,它可以帮助土地管理者更好地实施恢复土地健康、应对气候变化和生物多样性丧失的管理措施。

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