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选择性必修第二册　UNIT 4　Living with technology
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.autonomous adj. 自主的,有自主权的;自治的
2.drone n. 无人驾驶飞机
3.gender n. 性别
4.victim n. 受害者,牺牲品;受骗者;祭品
5.capacity n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力;容量,容积;职位,职责;生产量
6.castle n. 城堡
7.coin vt. 创造(新词语)
8.massive adj. 巨大的,大而重的;非常严重的
9.domestic adj. 家庭的,家用的;本国的,国内的
10.contemporary adj. 当代的,现代的;属同时期的,同一时代的
n. 同代人,同辈人
11.database n. 数据库
12.capsule n. 小塑料容器;(装药的)胶囊;太空舱
13.weed n. 杂草,野草
14.satellite n. 人造卫星;卫星
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a major breakthrough in AI 人工智能领域的一个重大突破
2.murder victims　　　　　 谋杀案受害者
3.alternative energy 可替代性能源
4.pack into the stadium to watch the final涌入体育场观看决赛
5.on the decrease 在减少
6.one cannot deny the fact that... 一个不可否认的事实是……
7.large quantities of food 大量的食物
8.a driving licence 驾驶执照
9.bury her face in her hands and weep 她掩面而泣
10.virtual reality 虚拟现实
11.the academic requirements 学术要求
12.barriers to the development of VR虚拟现实发展的障碍
13.tuition fees and living expenses 学费和生活费用
mit a crime 犯罪
15.a computer monitor 电脑显示屏
16.the highlight of the match 比赛最精彩的部分
17.pose a threat to humans 对人类造成威胁
18.a spy satellite 间谍卫星
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.finance n.　　　 财政,金融;资金;财力,财务管理
vt. 提供资金
financial adj. 财政的,金融的
financially adv. 财政上
2.threat n. 构成威胁的人(或事物);威胁,恐吓;凶兆
threaten vt. 危及,对……构成威胁;威胁,恐吓
threatening adj. 恐吓的;威胁的
3.crime n. 罪,罪行;犯罪活动
criminal n. 罪犯
adj. 犯罪的
4.urge vt. 敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策
n. 冲动,强烈的欲望
urgent adj. 紧迫的,迫切的,紧急的
urgency n. 紧急;迫切
urgently adv. 紧急地
5.demand vt. 需要;强烈要求
n. 要求,所需之物;需求,需要
demanding adj. 要求高的,费力的;苛求的
6.greed n. 贪欲;贪婪
greedy adj. 贪心的,贪婪的
greedily adv. 贪婪地
7.recognize vt. 认出;承认
recognition n. 识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识
8.distribute vt. 分配;分散;分发
distribution n. 分发,分送;分配,分布
9.legal adj. 法律允许的,合法的
illegal adj. 不合法的,非法的
legally adv. 法律上,合法地
illegally adv. 违法地,非法地
10.conclude vt.& vi. 断定,推断出;达成,订立;(使)结束,终止
conclusion n. 结论;结束
11.justify vt. 证明……正当;替……辩护
justified adj. 合乎情理的,事出有因的;有正当理由的
12.definite adj. 确定的,肯定的
definition n. 定义;释义,解释
definitely adv. 肯定,明确地
13.practice vt.& vi.&n. 实践;练习
practical adj. 实际的,真实的;切实可行的;有用的;实事求是的
practically adv. 实际地;几乎
14.optimistic adj. 乐观的,抱乐观看法的
optimism n. 乐观;乐观主义
optimist n. 乐观主义者;乐天派
15.annoy vt. 使恼怒,使生气;打扰,骚扰
annoyed adj. 恼怒,生气
annoying adj. 使烦恼的;使生气的
annoyance n. 恼怒,生气;使人烦恼的事
16.globe n. 球体,球状物;地球仪;地球,世界
global adj. 全球的;总体的
17.predict vt. 预言,预告
prediction n. 预测;预言
18.analyze/analyse vt. 分析
analysis n. (对事物的)分析;分析结果
(pl.) analyses
analyst n. 分析者
19.apparent adj. 显而易见;显然
apparently adv. 显然,可见
20.thief n. 小偷
theft n. 偷窃,偷窃罪
21.initial adj. 最初的,开始的 n. 首字母
initially adv. 最初地
22.engage vt.& vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣);雇用,聘用;与……建立密切关系
engagement n. 订婚;约会
engaged adj. 忙于,从事于
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.to name but a few　 略举几例
2.in the future 在将来
3.come true 实现
4.in short 总之;简言之
5.achieve this aim 实现这个目标
6.in large quantities 大量,大批
7.break into 强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入
8.fall victim to 受伤,受损,被害
9.spy on 暗中监视,窥探
10.at the forefront of 处于最前列,进入重要地位
11.at the expense of 在牺牲(或损害)……的情况下
12.be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事
13.a host of 许多,大量
14.boil down to 归结为,基本问题是
15.a variety of 多种多样的
16.in the field of 在……领域
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.As we become more and more dependent on computers,some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. (as引导时间状语从句,过去分词短语作定语)
随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑,一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
2.Moreover, there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people’s social media photos to build models of their faces.(there is growing concern that...,in which引导定语从句,as引导原因状语从句)
而且,我们越来越担心自己可能会成为这一技术的受害者,因为已有黑客利用人们社交媒体上的照片来制作脸部模型以侵入脸部识别系统的案例发生。
3.What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient (what if...)
如果我告诉你,医生可以创造一个虚拟的患者“双胞胎”,以便进行精确的手术练习,然后才在病人身上做手术,你觉得怎么样
4.It won’t be long before virtual museums and interactive three D exhibitions become common. (It won’t be long before...)
用不了多久,虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得普遍。
5.When shopping online,you can look forward to being able to have your own virtual reality clone try on clothes and to see products with 360 degree views. (状语从句的省略)
网上购物时,你可以期待拥有自己的虚拟现实克隆人替你试穿衣服、360度全方位查看商品。
词汇横拓串记
聚焦后缀 al形容词 盘点“计算机”相关名词 “列举”种种
①globe→global全球的 ②practice→practical实际的 ③culture→cultural文化的 ④origin→original最初的 ⑤center→central中央的;中心的 ⑥nature→natural自然的 ①network网络 ②mouse(复mice)鼠标 ③monitor显示器 ④hardware硬件 ⑤keyboard键盘 ⑥database数据库 ①to name but a few略举几例 ②for example例如,举例来说 ③for instance例如 ④such as比如,例如 ⑤take...for example以……为例 ⑥take...as an example以……为例
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.at the entrance to the castle 在城堡的入口处
2.have the capacity to analyse massive amounts of data 有能力分析大量的数据
3.coin the term “artificial intelligence” 创造了“人工智能”一词
4.from autonomous vehicles to domestic robots 从自动驾驶汽车到家用机器人
5.fall victim to AI 成为人工智能的牺牲品
6.a drone made in China 一架国产无人驾驶飞机
7.take four capsules at a time 一次服用四粒胶囊
8.a well known contemporary art gallery
一个著名的当代艺术画廊
9.the network database 网络数据库
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.licence/license n.　 许可证,执照
2.breakthrough n. 重大进展,突破
adj. 突破性的
3.alternative n. 可供选择的事物
adj. 可供替代的;非传统的
4.decrease vt.& vi. 减少,降低
n. 减少,降低
5.commit vt. (犯)罪;承诺,保证;花(钱或时间)
vi. 全心全意投入,忠于
6.highlight n. 最好(或最精彩)的部分
vt. 突出,强调;使醒目
7.virtual adj. 虚拟的,模拟的;很接近的,事实上的
8.barrier n. 障碍,阻力;屏障,障碍物;分界线,隔阂
9.quantity n. 数量;大量
10.deny vt. 否认,否定;拒绝承认,拒绝接受
11.monitor vt. 监视,跟踪调查;监听
n. 显示屏;监测器;班长
12.bury vt. 埋藏;埋葬,安葬;覆盖;遮盖;使陷入
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.conclude vt.& vi. 断定,推断出;达成,订立;(使)结束,终止
conclusion n. 结论;结束
2.urge vt. 敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策
n. 冲动,强烈的欲望
urgent adj. 紧迫的,迫切的,紧急的
urgency n. 紧急;迫切
urgently adv. 紧急地
3.distribute vt. 分配;分散;分发
distribution n. 分发,分送;分配,分布
4.finance n. 财政,金融;资金;财力,财务管理
vt. 提供资金
financial adj. 财政的,金融的
financially adv. 财政上
5.threat n. 构成威胁的人(或事物);
威胁,恐吓;凶兆
threaten vt. 危及,对……构成威胁;威胁,恐吓
threatening adj. 恐吓的;威胁的
6.annoy vt. 使恼怒,使生气;打扰,骚扰
annoyed adj. 恼怒,生气
annoying adj. 使烦恼的;使生气的
annoyance n. 恼怒,生气;使人烦恼的事
7.practice vt.& vi.&n. 实践;练习
practical adj. 实际的,真实的;切实可行的;有用的;实事求是的
practically adv. 实际地;几乎
8.crime n. 罪,罪行;犯罪活动
criminal n. 罪犯
adj. 犯罪的
9.demand vt. 需要;强烈要求
n. 要求,所需之物;需求,需要
demanding adj. 要求高的,费力的;苛求的
10.greed n. 贪欲;贪婪
greedy adj. 贪心的,贪婪的
greedily adv. 贪婪地
11.recognize vt. 认出;承认
recognition n. 识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识
12.definite adj. 确定的,肯定的
definition n. 定义;释义,解释
definitely adv. 肯定;明确地
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.to name but a few　 略举几例
2.come true 实现
3.fall victim to 受伤,受损,被害
4.break into 强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入
5.in large quantities 大量,大批
6.at the forefront of 处于最前列,进入重要地位
7.be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事
8.boil down to 归结为,基本问题是
9.a variety of 多种多样的
10.in the field of 在……领域
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:状语从句的省略
When awarded the first prize for his excellent performance,he shed tears of excitement.
当他因出色的表演获得一等奖时,他流下了兴奋的眼泪。
2.句型公式:It won’t be long before...
I firmly believe that it will not be long before we get rid of the trouble in finance.
我坚信不久之后,我们就能摆脱经济困境。
3.句型公式:What if...
What if your job disappears after you have worked for 10 years in the field
假如自己在这个领域工作了十年的岗位消失了怎么办
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.There’s no denying that the attack did a severe injury to his reputation.
2.He was sitting there with his head buried in a book.
3.Committed to providing better services,the company will provide net users with all the information they need.
4.Large quantities of clothes and food were provided for the earthquake areas last week.
5.Although he had made a breakthrough in his field,he was always humble.
6.I didn’t know how to deal with the problem, so I had no alternative but to turn to you for help.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.After much debate,they came to the conclusion that the worldwide finance is closely connected with financial freedom. (finance)
2.As a criminal,the boy who was charged with the crime had shown criminal tendencies since early adolescence. (crime)
3.My hometown,which is recognized as one of the most beautiful cities,has changed beyond recognition since I was last here. (recognize)
4.My husband’s talking with full food in his mouth annoyed me.Although I am annoyed with him about his annoying habit,he can’t get rid of it. (annoy)
5.The teacher urged that the students should be taught how to take urgent action in time of urgency. (urge)
6.He is a greedy man and always wants everything out of sheer greed. (greed)
Ⅲ.短语填空
to name but a few　break into　come true
at the forefront of　boil down to　be capable of doing sth
1.Thomas Edison was at the forefront of the search for alternative ways to power vehicles.
2.His reasons for not wanting to go abroad boil down to the fact that he doesn’t have enough money.
3.It is incredible that bees,bats and rats,to name but a few,can see what humans can’t.
4.Those robbers broke into the bank at the risk of being caught by the police.
5.The exam is not very difficult and every student in the class is capable of passing it.
6.If you do as I say,your dream will come true soon.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently,the topic of environmental protection 1.has aroused (arouse) more and more attention.There is no denying 2.that this problem may boil down to the fact that humans are too greedy.To meet their 3.demands (demand) for more money,many trees have been cut down 4.in large quantities.Besides,the number of wild animals is also on the decrease because of 5.illegal (legal) hunting.It 6.is predicted (predict) that if such things continue happening,the ecological system will be threatened.7.Apparently (apparent),it is urgent that the government 8.(should) take (take) some practical measures to prohibit people from 9.destroying (destroy) our environment.With the joint efforts,we can find some alternative solutions.To conclude,we can never develop our economy at 10.the expense of the environment.
1.urge vt.敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策 n.冲动,强烈的欲望→urgent adj.紧急的;紧迫的→urgently adv.紧急地
佳句背诵　
I feel an urge to express my different voice,hoping that this wouldn’t offend you. (建议信,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我有一种想要表达我不同的声音的冲动,希望这不会冒犯你。
urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do... 主张做……
have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事
feel an urge to do sth 有做某事的冲动
以练促学　单句写作
①He has a strong urge to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams. (urge n.)
他强烈渴望利用这个机会加入运动队。
②The public urged that the government (should) take measures to prevent such cases from happening again.
公众强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件的再次发生。
教考衔接　语段训练
③With the development of China,it is urged that the young (should) communicate with foreigners without difficulty.Hence, anyone who has an urge to speak fluent English can register for our Spoken English Club. (发言稿,2022·天津卷)
随着中国的发展,极力主张年轻人无障碍地与外国人交流。因此,任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的英语口语俱乐部。
2.demand vt.需要;强烈要求(require)n.要求,所需之物;需求,需要→demanding adj.要求高的;费力的;苛求的
佳句背诵　
Because picking apples involved climbing trees,the farmers demanded that we (should) be cautious and careful. (活动介绍)
因为摘苹果需要爬树,农民们要求我们谨慎小心。
demand to do sth 要求做某事
demand that...(should) do sth 要求……做某事
be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需求
以练促学　单句语法填空
①Like running,race walking is physically demanding (demand),she says. (全国Ⅰ卷)
②It is a fact that those who speak English with fluency are in great demand in modern times.
教考衔接　单句写作
③Father demanded that the twins (should) clean up the kitchen when he helped make breakfast. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
父亲要求双胞胎在他帮忙做早餐时把厨房打扫干净。
3.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的,非传统的
佳句背诵　
My heart sank at the news,but soon it dawned upon me that I had no alternative but to face the reality. (心理描写,2022·浙江1月卷)
听到这个消息,我的心沉了下来,但很快我就意识到,我除了面对现实别无选择。
an alternative to... ……的替代品
have no alternative/choice but to do sth别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth 有做某事的选择
以练促学　单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative to gasoline.
②As to cosmetics,if you don’t like domestic brands,you have the alternative of buying foreign ones.
教考衔接　单句写作
③Firstly, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips. (发言稿,2024·全国甲卷)
首先,共享单车已成为城市出行的象征,为短途出行提供了一种经济、绿色的选择。
4.decrease vt.& vi.减少,降低 n.减少,降低
佳句背诵　
The number of visitors to the museum has decreased by nearly 6% in the past few years.
过去几年中,参观博物馆的人数下降了近6%。
on the decrease/decline 在减少;在衰退
on the increase/rise 在上涨,在增长
decrease/increase by... 减少/增加了……
decrease/increase to... 减少/增加到……
以练促学　单句语法填空
①The number of people owning private cars is on the increase in China.By the end of last year,the number had increased to 80 million,while the number of people buying Japanese cars had decreased by 20%.
教考衔接　单句写作
②It’s a pity that global warming has caused a sharp decrease of wildlife in recent years.
令人遗憾的是,近年来,全球变暖导致了野生动物数量的急剧减少。
片段巩固 用urge;demand;alternative;decrease完成“环境保护”片段
写作提示:政府敦促保护环境→公众要求更多替代能源来减少污染→总之,不做出努力,生活条件将持续恶化
　　The government urges people to take actions to protect the environment. The public demands more alternative energy sources to decrease pollution. All in all,without efforts, our living conditions will keep worsening.
5.bury vt.埋藏;埋葬,安葬;覆盖;遮盖;使陷入
佳句背诵　
Jennifer sat on the floor, burying her face in her hands, and her body trembled as she softly began to cry. (动作+情绪描写)
詹妮弗坐在地板上,双手捂着脸,身体颤抖着,轻声地开始哭泣。
　bury oneself in 埋头于,专心于
be buried in 专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
[点拨]　表示“专心于;致力于”的短语还有:be absorbed in、be lost in、be devoted to、focus on、concentrate one’s attention on等。
以练促学　句式升级
①David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→David still refused to look at me,burying his head in his arms. (分词短语作状语)
→David still refused to look at me,with his head buried in his arms. (with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me,his head buried in his arms. (独立主格结构)
教考衔接　一句多译
②我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→I bury myself/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
→Burying myself/Buried in reading the English newspaper every day,I have gained abundant knowledge.
6.annoy vt.使恼怒,使生气;打扰,骚扰→annoyed adj.生气,恼怒→annoying adj.使烦恼的;使生气的→annoyance n.恼怒,烦恼;使人烦恼的事
佳句背诵　
What annoys many parents most is that staring at the screen for a long time is harmful to their children’s eyes. (2021·全国乙卷)
最让许多家长烦恼的是长时间盯着屏幕对孩子的眼睛有害。
What annoys sb (most) is that... (最)让某人生气的是……
be annoyed with sb at/about sth 因某事对某人生气
to one’s annoyance 使某人生气的是
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was annoyed with him about/at his annoying (annoy) rude table manners.
②To his annoyance,he had received no apology.
让他恼火的是他没有得到任何道歉。
教考衔接　单句写作
③What annoyed me was that/What made me annoyed was that I disagreed with my partner in many aspects and I had no idea how I could improve the situation. (2022·浙江1月卷)
使我生气的是,我和我的搭档总是在很多方面存在分歧,我不知道怎么才能改善这种状况。
7.deny vt.否认,否定;拒绝承认,拒绝接受
佳句背诵　
There is no denying that reading books of traditional culture can have a good impact/influence/effect on the children.　不可否认,阅读有关传统文化的书籍会对儿童有好的影响。
deny doing sth 否认干某事
There is no denying that...=No one can deny the fact that... 不可否认的是……
以练促学　单句写作
①No one can deny the fact that through this activity,we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also learn how to help people around us.
不可否认的事实是通过这次活动,我们学生不仅更好地了解了社会而且学会了如何帮助周围的人。
教考衔接　单句写作
②There is no denying that creating artworks in the park was a new experience. (活动介绍,2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
不可否认,在公园里创作艺术作品是一种新的体验。
8.in large quantities大量,大批
佳句背诵　
I’d like to recommend Beijing as your travel destination,because Beijing has a large quantity of/large quantities of tourist attractions,including the Great Wall,the Palace Museum,to name but a few.(推荐信)
我想推荐北京作为你的旅游目的地,因为北京有许多景点,包括长城、故宫博物院等等。
large quantities of 大量的;许多的
a large/small quantity of 大量/少量的
in quantity/in large quantities大量,大批
[点拨]　①a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。
②“a quantity of+名词”作主语和“quantities of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数和quantity的数保持一致。
以练促学　单句写作
①As a result of destroying the forests,a large quantity of desert has/large quantities of desert have covered the land in the last few years.　在过去的几年里,由于森林的破坏,大量沙漠覆盖了这片土地。
教考衔接　单句写作
②Waste water is pouring into the ocean in large quantities,causing great damage. (短文投稿,2022·全国甲卷)
废水大量涌入海洋,造成了巨大的破坏。
片段巩固 用bury;annoy;deny;in large quantities完成“公园里的误会”片段
写作提示:公园散步,看到男人埋东西→他的行为令我恼火→向前询问→男人否认不当行为→声称大量种植花卉以美化公园→我感到尴尬
　　When I was walking in the park, I saw a man burying something in the ground. His strange behavior annoyed me a lot. I went forward to ask him what he was doing. However, he denied any wrong doing and said he was just planting seeds of flowers in large quantities to beautify the park.On hearing this, I felt embarrassed.
句型公式:状语从句的省略
课本原句: When shopping online,you can look forward to being able to have your own virtual reality clone try on clothes and to see products with 360 degree views.
网上购物时,你可以期待拥有自己的虚拟现实克隆人替你试穿衣服、360度全方位查看商品。
佳句背诵　
Therefore,I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting if necessary.
因此,如果必要的话,我可以解释中国画的相关信息。
本句中的黑体部分为状语从句的省略形式,补充完整为When you are shopping online。
(1)状语从句省略的条件:
·when、while、though、even if、unless、if、as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it;
·状语从句的谓语中含有be动词。
(2)省略句的形式:省略从句中的主语和be动词。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①While picking (pick)oranges,I realized how hard it was for farmers to work in the fields. (活动介绍,全国Ⅱ卷)
②If admitted (admit),I will do all I can to do the work well.
③The twins cheered up and did as told. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
双胞胎高兴起来,照他说的做了。
教考衔接　单句写作
④If (I am) accepted,I can introduce the history of Chinese painting to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture. (申请信,全国Ⅰ卷)
假如我被接收的话,我将向客人介绍中国的绘画历史,这可以帮助他们了解中国文化。
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.The patient suffered a massive heart attack. adj.非常严重的
2.The fund has been used largely to finance the construction of schools in remote areas. vt.资助
3.The map shows the distribution of this species across the world. n.分布
4.She gained only minimal recognition for her work. n.赞誉,赏识
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.pose vt.造成,产生;提问,质询 vi.摆好姿势
n.姿势
①The delegates (代表) posed for a group photograph. vi.摆好姿势
②We all know that nuclear weapons pose a threat to human security. vt.造成,产生
③The magazine posed a list of questions to each of the candidates. vt.提问,质询
④She adopted an elegant pose for the camera. n.姿势
2.monitor vt.监视,跟踪调查;监听 n.显示屏;
监测器;班长
①The details of today’s flights are displayed on the monitor. n.显示屏
②And there are questions about the films made outside the States,which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States. vt.监视,跟踪调查
③The monitor is a student in a school who performs special duties,such as helping the teacher. n.班长
3.highlight n.最好(或最精彩)的部分 vt.突出,强调;使醒目
①The report highlights the major problems facing society today. vt.突出,强调
②Use the pen to highlight the name of the document you want to print. vt.使醒目
③The highlight of the match will be shown later this evening. n.最好(或最精彩)的部分
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Her pet transport job was born of the financial (finance) crisis in the late 2000s. (2022·浙江1月卷)
2.Urged (urge)by the strong desire to be a member of the reading club,I quickened my paces immediately.
3.Nowadays science graduates are in greater demand because advanced science has created more demanding (demand) jobs.
4.Over the past decades,sea ice has been on the decrease in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
5.He was beginning to get very annoyed (annoy) with me about my carelessness.
6.In conclusion (conclude),some activities play a positive role in our daily life,while others don’t.
7.Large quantities of desserts are consumed (consume)by the madam,who receives more calories than necessary.
8.He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of recognition (recognize).
9.Soon after,she knew she had to make a bold move to fully commit to her new future.
10.To show this,she held up one chopstick,representing one person.Then she easily broke it into two pieces.
11.Though buried (bury) in his work these days,he still joined the volunteer organization to help the disabled.
12.Schools demand that during holidays students’ online time (should) be restricted (restrict).
维度三　完成句子
1.As all of us didn’t know how to get to the park,we had to ask for directions.
由于我们都不知道怎么去公园,我们不得不问路。
2.If you keep working hard, you are bound to achieve success in the future.
如果你继续努力工作,你注定会在未来取得成功。
3.In short,a good and harmonious environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthy.　总之,一个良好和谐的家庭环境对孩子的健康成长是必要的。
4.We mustn’t develop economy at the expense of destroying nature and we must have a role in nature conservation.
我们不能以破坏自然为代价发展经济,我们必须在自然保护中发挥作用。
5.The research team made great achievements in the field of renewable energy.
研究团队在可再生能源领域取得了巨大成就。
6.Only if the public willingly contribute to building a green Beijing can we achieve our aims.　只有公众愿意为建设绿色北京做出贡献,我们才能实现我们的目标。
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(短文投稿——科技节)
你校将以科技节为主题,举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.现在科技的发展及应用;
2.对未来科技发展的设想。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①随着科学技术的发展,我们的生活在将来会发生很大的变化,所以我很难对未来做出预测。 (in the future)
With the development of science and technology, our lives will change a lot in the future,so it is really difficult for me to make predictions about the future.
②不可否认,先进的科学和技术已经进入了我们的日常生活。 (There is no denying that...)
There is no denying that advanced science and technology has found its way into our daily life.
③在大量领域,我们人类要求人工智能帮助我们完成工作。 (large quantities of,demand)
In large quantities of fields, we humans demand that artificial intelligence help us to get work done.
④它不仅可以作为我们的替代者,而且它往往更有效率。 (alternative,倒装)
Not only can it function as an alternative to us, but also it tends to be more efficient.
⑤人工智能的发展可以创造大量的相关就业机会,并为我们提供新的机会。 (massive)
The development of artificial intelligence can create massive related jobs and provide new chances for us.
⑥至于我的愿望,我希望在2050年,飞行的环保无人机能成真,我们甚至可以通过时间机器回到过去。 (drone,come true)
As for my wishes, I hope in 2050 flying environmentally friendly drones will come true and we can even go back to the past by a time machine.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
With the development of science and technology, our lives will change a lot in the future,so it is really difficult for me to make predictions about the future.
There is no denying that advanced science and technology has found its way into our daily life.In large quantities of fields, we humans demand that artificial intelligence help us to get work done.Not only can it function as an alternative to us, but also it tends to be more efficient.What’s more, the development of artificial intelligence can create massive related jobs and provide new chances for us.
As for my wishes, I hope in 2050 flying environmentally friendly drones will come true and we can even go back to the past by a time machine.
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:前文讲述了作者和狗狗Stormy在周六凌晨去观鸟的冒险经历。途中,由于大雾,作者的车失控掉进了水里。作者尝试用玻璃破碎器砸破玻璃,但每次尝试都失败了,后来作者拿起车里的灭火器砸玻璃,灭火器却被弹回来了。作者没有放弃,就在这时,作者感觉到水的上涨停止了,作者意识到还有时间继续努力。
场景续写1:
“我会更努力的,”我大声承诺→跳入水下→挥舞着灭火器→直到突然有了一声破裂声→冲破破碎的窗户,游向后门→聚集了所有的力量,强行打开了门→将Stormy从沉没的卡车中解救了出来
“I’ll fight harder,” I promised aloud.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
场景续写2:
抓住了现在被水淹没的车辆,等待着天亮→发现上游可能有一个梯子→设法到达了梯子→把自己拉了上去→这次经历加强了作者对时间这一宝贵礼物的信念
Exhausted,we caught the now flooded vehicle,waiting for daylight.　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
“I’ll fight harder,” I promised aloud.I jumped underwater again to swing the extinguisher with renewed energy.Gasping for air,sinking,swinging...the pattern repeated until suddenly,there’s a crack! “Yes! There’s a hole!” I burst through the broken window,swimming to the back door.“Stormy,hold on!” I shouted as I realized it’s locked too.Gathering every bit of strength,I forced the door open,freeing Stormy from the sinking truck.
Exhausted,we caught the now flooded vehicle,waiting for daylight.I said,“We need to get out of here,boy.” With dawn’s arrival,I spotted what could be a ladder about 70 yards upstream.Despite the freezing cold and tiredness,I managed to reach the ladder and pulled myself up,Stormy following closely behind.This experience strengthens my belief in the precious gift of time—time to live and time to value the life we’ve been given.
　　(2023·浙江1月卷阅读D)
According to the Solar Energy Industry Association,the number of solar panels installed (安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade,and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals.But all of that growth will take up a lot of space,and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy,few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible,so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them.Often,they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds.The result is that many communities,especially in farming regions,see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
“Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick,the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment (InSPIRE) project.“They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low impact” solar development,which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.One of the easiest low impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators (传粉昆虫).
Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades,which has damaged the U.S.agricultural economy.Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.Conservation organizations put out pollinator friendliness guidelines for home gardens,businesses,schools,cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years,many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators,resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.“These pollinator friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了随着太阳能的普及,越来越多的太阳能电池板被安装在各个社区,这不可避免地给环境,尤其是农业环境,带来消极影响。
32.What do solar developers often ignore
A.The decline in the demand for solar energy.
B.The negative impact of installing solar panels.
C.The rising labor cost of building solar farms.
D.The most recent advances in solar technology.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,太阳能开发者们往往想要尽快安装更多的太阳能电池板,所以他们不太考虑如何处理电池板下的环境。他们往往会在下面放一些碎石,而且用除草剂除草,这给土壤带来了破坏,故选B项。]
33.What does InSPIRE aim to do
A.Improve the productivity of local farms.
B.Invent new methods for controlling weeds.
C.Make solar projects environmentally friendly.
D.Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating...to the land.”可知,InSPIRE 项目正在寻找一种对环境影响小的太阳能开发方式,力求做到“对土地友好”,故选C项。]
34.What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4
A.To conserve pollinators.
B.To restrict solar development.
C.To diversify the economy.
D.To ensure the supply of energy.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可知,有超过28个州通过了与传粉昆虫栖息地保护和杀虫剂使用有关的法律,故选A项。]
35.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Pollinators:To Leave or to Stay
B.Solar Energy:Hope for the Future
C.InSPIRE:A Leader in Agriculture
D.Solar Farms:A New Development
答案　D　[标题归纳题。文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题:太阳能电池板对环境尤其是农业环境的消极影响。第三段给出了解决方案:建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第四、五段介绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影响。所以纵观全文,关键词应该是solar farms,故选D项。]
思维建模
利用4大技法巧解标题归纳题
关键词法 反复出现的词语,多次重复的观点就是体现主旨的关键词
主题句法 根据文章主题句,确定中心词充当标题
穿珠连串法 分析文章细节,确定共同点,如同穿珠般串联细节共同点,确定标题
逆向法 根据四个选项,考虑其可能的内容,对照原文,最相似者为最佳选项
以例示法(如35题)
运用穿珠连串法
文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题:太阳能电池板对环境尤其是农业环境的消极影响。第三段给出了解决方案:建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第四、五段介绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影响。所以纵观全文,关键词应该是solar farms,故D项是最佳选项。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:solar adj.太阳能的;install v.安装; concept n.概念;Para.2:chemical n.化学品;region n.地区; Para.3:economy n.经济;approach n.方法; low impact adj.低影响的;strategy n.策略 Para.1:climate goal气候目标;take up占据; Para.2:put up安装;end up结果是; Para.3:contribute to贡献于; Para.4:habitat loss栖息地丧失
析 长 难 语 句 Para.5:Over the past few years,many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators,resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. [句式分析]　这是一个复杂的简单句。主句为主谓宾结构,现在分词短语resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction作结果状语。 [尝试翻译]　过去几年中,许多太阳能农场的开发者将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成多种传粉昆虫的庇护所,从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。 [语言赏析]　这句话通过时间框架的设置、清晰的因果结构以及动词驱动的表达方式,展示了太阳能开发在环境保护方面取得的成效。
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·周口高三模拟)
Minh Anh Ho is sitting beside a microscope.Many people are busy with other tasks.One is interviewing the mayor for a TV news station.Another is running the electric company.As a researcher for a company that repurposes plastic,Minh Anh Ho is studying a sheet of cling wrap (保鲜膜).“It’s a really important job,” she says.“Plastic takes a really long time to disappear,so it would be good to come up with something else to do with it and not just throw it away.”
The learning center where Minh Anh Ho and her class are spending their day is designed to introduce kids to working life.Students run an imaginary town,with each kid doing a different job in a different business.Each year,about 83% of all sixth graders in Finland go through the program.It teaches them not just about business and working,but also,as Minh Anh Ho’s “job” makes clear,about the circular (循环) economy.
Most societies have linear (线性) economies,which operate on a “take,make,waste” model.Natural resources are taken from the Earth and made into products,which are usually thrown away if left over.In 2016,Finland became the first country to use a “road map” to a circular economy.This model focuses on the transformation of existing products.Businesses rely on recycled or repurposed materials and use less raw (未经加工的) material to make their products.That reduces the amount of waste going into landfills.
Education has always been a central part of Finland’s plan.Kindergarten director Liisa Woitsch is sitting on the floor with students and a broken wooden chair.“Do we just throw it away now,” she asks,“or can you think of anything else that can be done with it ” A little boy pounds on the chair.He says it can be used as a drum.
Anssi Almgren helped design the program.“Children have so many great ideas,” he says.“We want to enable them to think about solutions.But changing a society by educating its youth takes time.”
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要通过介绍Minh Anh Ho对保鲜膜的研究,从而引出文章的主题——循环经济。
1.Why does the author describe the learning center in paragraph 1
A.To make readers better understand the program.
B.To show how excited the students are.
C.To express his concern over the program.
D.To praise the students’ concentration.
答案　A　[写作意图题。根据第一段中“Another is running...and not just throw it away.”可知,作者在段落中描述了研究中心,其目的是让读者们更好地了解该研究中心有关保鲜膜研究的重要性。即更好地了解整个项目,故选A项。]
2.How does the author mainly develop paragraph 3
A.By providing reasons.
B.By following time order.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By giving examples.
答案　C　[写作手法题。根据第三段中“Most societies have linear (线性) economies,which operate on a ‘take,make,waste’ model.”以及“In 2016,Finland became the first country to use a ‘road map’ to a circular economy.”可知,本段通过将线性经济和循环经济进行比较,从而阐述循环经济的内容。故作者是通过比较的方式来演绎本段内容的,故选C项。]
3.What is the main purpose of a circular economy
A.To reduce the waste of resources.
B.To keep a higher living standard.
C.To increase the use of raw material.
D.To discover new types of natural resources.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“Businesses rely on...the amount of waste going into landfills.”可知,循环经济的目的是减少资源浪费,故选A项。]
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The lessons from a learning center.
B.An introduction to linear economies.
C.The education on the circular economy.
D.Finland’s plans on economic development.
答案　C　[文章大意题。通读全文,文章通过介绍Minh Anh Ho对保鲜膜的研究,从而引出文章的主题——循环经济。结合第一二段对学习中心的描述,以及最后一段“We want to enable...by educating its youth takes time.”可知,文章主要介绍了关于“循环经济”的教育,故选C项。]
(2025·东莞东华中学高三模拟)
A last defender of privacy,our brains have remained inviolate (未受侵犯的),even as sensors now record our heartbeats,breaths,steps and sleep.All that is about to change.
Large tech companies are already investing heavily in brain wearables.They aim to put brain sensors into smart watches,headsets and sleep aids.Integrating them into our everyday lives could revolutionize health care,enabling personalized treatment of conditions.Brain sensors could improve our ability to think,focus and even communicate with technological telepathy (心灵感应)—using the power of thoughts and emotions to drive interaction with AR and VR headsets.
But brain wearables also pose real risks to mental privacy and self determination.As these devices increase,they’ll generate vast amounts of neural (神经的) data,creating a window into our brain states.Nowadays,our inner selves are not as secret as before.From neuromarketing to the rabbit hole of social media,they violate human brains even when people don’t realize that.Social media “like” buttons and notifications are features designed to draw us habitually back to platforms,using our brains’ reward systems.
As brain wearables and artificial intelligence (AI) advance,the line between human agency and machine intervention will also not be manifest.When a wearable reshapes our thoughts and emotions,how much of our actions remain truly our own As we begin to offload mental tasks onto AI,we risk becoming overly dependent on technology.Should we allow AI to shape our mental experiences And how do we keep our humanity in an interconnected world remade by these technologies
We stand at the beginning of a brain wearable revolution.We need caution and an open debate about the risks and benefits of neurotechnology to ensure it is used responsibly.To get there will require we recognize new digital age rights to preserve our inner liberty—self determination over our brains and mental experiences.We must do so now,before the choice is no longer ours to make.
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章主要论述了一些科技公司在研发大脑可穿戴设备,这些设备有助于彻底改变医疗保健,提高人们的思考能力、专注力和沟通能力等,但也会对人们的心理隐私和思想自由构成威胁。
5.What is stressed about brain wearables in paragraph 2
A.Their application.
B.Their potential.
C.Their popularity.
D.Their diversity.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,大型科技公司已经在大脑可穿戴设备上投入巨资。他们的目标是将大脑传感器放入智能手表、耳机和睡眠辅助器中。将它们融入我们的日常生活可以彻底改变医疗保健,实现个性化的疾病治疗。大脑传感器可以提高我们思考能力、注意力甚至通过技术心灵感应进行交流的能力。因此,本段主要介绍的是大脑可穿戴设备的潜力,故选B项。]
6.What does the author want to show by mentioning social media “like” buttons and notifications
A.People rely on technology too much.
B.Risk of brain wearables is everywhere.
C.Neuromarketing affects people easily.
D.Mental privacy is violated unknowingly.
答案　D　[写作意图题。根据第三段中的“Nowadays,our inner selves are not as secret...violate human brains even when people don’t realize that.”可知,作者认为,如今我们的内在自我不像以前那样私密。从神经营销到社交媒体的兔子洞,它们在人们没有意识到的情况下搅扰人类的大脑,侵犯他们的隐私。接着以社交媒体的“喜欢”按钮和通知为例说明这一现象,故选D项。]
7.What does the word “manifest” underlined in paragraph 4 mean
A.Clear. B.Stable.
C.Necessary. D.Reasonable.
答案　A　[词义猜测题。画线词后提到,当可穿戴设备重塑我们的思想和情感时,我们的行为中有多少真正是我们自己的 当我们开始将脑力任务转移给人工智能时,我们有可能过度依赖技术。我们应该让人工智能塑造我们的心理体验吗 我们如何在一个由这些技术重塑的互联世界中保持我们的人性 这些问题表明人类能动性和机器干预之间的界限不清晰,故选A项。]
8.What does the author appeal to people to do
A.Be open to new technology.
B.Oppose brain wearables.
C.Defend the freedom of thought.
D.Keep humanity in high tech era.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“To get there will require we recognize new digital age rights...before the choice is no longer ours to make”可知,要实现这一目标,我们需要意识到新数字时代的权利,以维护我们的内在自由——对我们的大脑和心理体验的自决权。我们必须现在就这样做,在我们无法再做出选择之前,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·金华十校高三模拟)
I found a brown bag outside after our move.“Grass Seed,” it said in big letters.My husband and I 　1　 the seeds all over the dirty yard in front of our new house.“I have no idea if they will 　2　,” I told him,“but it’s worth a shot.” Just like our 　3　 to move to the rural Arizona.
Near our new house sat a charming cottage,which was 　4　 to tourists.I got a job offer to 　5　 the cottage.I’d worked in hotels for years,so when offered the 　6　,I jumped at it.Still,it was a big change.I 　7　 that it would be a right move.
While we waited for our grass to grow—or not—we 　8　 settled into our new house through our efforts.We made it a cozy home,despite the 　9　 in the front yard,which was still bare now.Meanwhile,many of the cottage guests became 　10　,and I got to know them well.I felt 　11　 to make their stays memorable.Perhaps I was better at that than 　12　.
But after a monsoon (季风) swept through,I woke up to a beautiful morning and looked out the window.There was no grass growing in the sunlight.　13　,our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)! The front yard turned out even better than I could have 　14　,just like our new life.And it remains a powerful 　15　 of the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者搬家后无意间撒下的种子竟然开出百日菊,这段经历让作者意识到:在新的生活篇章中,等待着人们的是美好。
1.A.sought B.spread
C.collected D.removed
答案　B　[seek探索;spread撒,扩散;collect收集;remove清除。根据常识和上文中的“I found a brown bag outside after our move.‘Grass Seed,’it said in big letters.”以及下文中的“I told him,‘but it’s worth a shot.’”可知,作者搬到一个新房子时,看到一包草种子,所以此处指的是虽不知道是否能长出草来,还是把种子“撒”到院子里,故选B项。]
2.A.remain B.last
C.dry D.root
答案　D　[remain仍然是;last持续;dry(使)变干;root(使)生根。根据常识以及下文中的“While we waited for our grass to grow—or not”可知,作者不知道种子会不会“生根”,故选D项。]
3.A.need B.intention
C.decision D.agreement
答案　C　[need需要;intention意图;decision决定;agreement同意。根据上文中的“‘I have no idea if they will 　　　　,’I told him,‘but it’s worth a shot.’”可知,作者在不知道种子是否会生根的情况下决定把种子撒在院子里,结合Just like可知,此处指的是搬到亚利桑那州的“决定”,故选C项。]
4.A.rented B.given
C.sold D.introduced
答案　A　[句意:在我们的新房子附近有一座出租给游客的迷人小屋。rent租;give给予;sell卖;introduce介绍。根据上文中的“Near our new house sat a charming cottage”可知,在作者新家附近有一个迷人小屋,下文中的“tourists”是词语同现,由此可知,该小屋是“租”给游客的,故选A项。]
5.A.green B.advertise
C.fill up D.look after
答案　D　[green绿化;advertise做广告;fill up填满;look after照顾。根据上文中的“I got a job offer”可知,作者得到了一份工作,由此可推断,此处指的是“照顾”小屋,故选D项。]
6.A.help B.chance
C.service D.accommodation
答案　B　[help帮助;chance机会;service服务;accommodation住宿。根据上文中的“I got a job offer to 　　　　the cottage.”可知,作者得到一份照顾小屋的工作,由此可知,此处指的是照顾小屋的工作“机会”,故选B项。]
7.A.pretended B.decided
C.understood D.prayed
答案　D　[pretend假装;decide决定;understand理解;pray祈祷。根据语境和下文中的“that it would be a right move”可知,作者一家搬到新家,到处是不熟悉的环境,由此可推断,此处应为“祈祷”这是一次正确的搬迁,故选D项。]
8.A.naturally B.hardly
C.gradually D.temporarily
答案　C　[naturally自然地;hardly几乎不;gradually逐渐地;temporarily暂时地。根据上文中的“While we waited for our grass to grow—or not”可知,作者一家在等着草能否长得出来,这应该是一个缓慢的过程,由此可推断,此处指的是作者他们“逐渐地”适应新的房子,故选C项。]
9.A.uncertainty B.potential
C.danger D.untidiness
答案　A　[uncertainty不确定性;potential潜力;danger危险;untidiness不整齐。根据上文中的“While we waited for our grass to grow—or not”以及下文中的“in the front yard,which was still bare now”可知,此处指的是作者他们在前院撒的草种是否能长出来,现在还是空荡荡的,由此可知,此处应为“不确定性”,故选A项。]
10.A.locals B.employers
C.regulars D.gardeners
答案　C　[local当地人;employer雇主;regular常客;gardener园丁。根据上文中的“Near our new house sat a charming cottage,which was 　　　　to tourists.”可知,小屋是租给游客们的,此处指的是经常租住小屋的游客,即“常客”,故选C项。]
11.A.proud B.grateful
C.curious D.stressed
答案　A　[proud自豪的;grateful感激的;curious好奇的;stressed焦虑的。根据下文中的“to make their stays memorable”可知,作者的一些做法给游客们留下了难忘的回忆,由此可知,此处指的是作者对此感到“自豪”,故选A项。]
12.A.house renting B.yard cleaning
C.keeping house D.growing grass
答案　D　[house renting租房;yard cleaning打扫院子;keeping house持家;growing grass种草。根据语境和上文中 “Perhaps I was better at that”可知,作者将草种撒在前院,至今前院仍是空荡荡的,相比而言,作者更擅长给游客们留下难忘的回忆,由此可知,此处是与“种草”相比较,故选D项。]
13.A.Otherwise B.Instead
C.Besides D.Therefore
答案　B　[otherwise否则;instead相反;besides此外;therefore因此。根据上文中的“There was no grass growing in the sunlight.”以及下文中的“our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)!”可知,作者的院子里没有长出草,长出来的却是百日菊,由此可知,此处应为“相反”,故选B项。]
14.A.imagined B.designed
C.remembered D.appreciated
答案　A　[imagine想象;design设计;remember记住;appreciate感激,欣赏。根据语境以及下文中的“The front yard turned out even better than...”可知,作者一直以为撒下去的是草种,所以一直想象的是能长出一片草地,而最终长出的是百日菊,由此可知,此处应为前院比“想象”的还要好,故选A项。]
15.A.test B.memory
C.reminder D.choice
答案　C　[test测试;memory记忆;reminder提醒物;choice选择。根据上文中的“The front yard turned out even better than I could have 　　　　,just like our new life.”可知,作者前院最终比想象的还要美好,就像她的新生活一样,比想象的要好,结合下文中的“of the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter”可知,这件事情应是对作者的一个有力的“提醒”,故选C项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·温州中学高三模拟)
Once,in the lively and beautiful ocean,I,a blue whale,1.　　　　　　 (swim) freely with my fellows in our home,but one day,it was destroyed by a disastrous event that would 2.　　　　　　 (permanent) change our lives.
News spread through the underwater currents 3.　　　　　　 an alarming rate on Japan’s decision to discharge nuclear contaminated (核污染的) water into the ocean regardless of other nations’ strong opposition,which reduced us to fear and 4.　　　　　　 (uncertain) as we realized the unavoidable danger we faced.Fish,our companions in the vast blue ocean,began to suffer,whose once elegant movements disappeared.Some floated (漂浮) lifelessly,5.　　　　　　 (become) victims of the attack carried out by the invisible enemy that had entered our home.The delicate balance of our ecosystem
6.　　　　　　 (upset) seriously and this left our once harmonious community full of sorrow and hopelessness now.
7.　　　　　　 (large) than any other creatures in the ocean,I felt the weight of responsibility on my massive shoulders and therefore called upon my fellow ocean residents to unite to save our
8.　　　　　　 (wound) home.We surfaced to catch the attention of passing ships and sang mournful tunes to touch the hearts of those difference makers,9.　　　　　　 they are.
We’re longing for a world 10. 　　　　　　 the beauty and peace of our ocean would be preserved for future generations.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要以蓝鲸的视角介绍了海洋和海洋中的生物正在经历的悲伤。
1.swam　[考查时态。本文的主体时态是一般过去时,此处也用一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作,故填swam。]
2.permanently　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语修饰动词change,因此需要用所给词的副词形式,故填permanently。]
3.at　[考查介词。此处表示“日本不顾其他国家的强烈反对,决定将核污水排入海洋的消息以惊人的速度随着洋流传播,使我们意识到了无法避免的危险,让我们陷入恐惧和不确定。”at an alarming rate“以惊人的速度”是固定搭配,故填at。]
4.uncertainty　[考查词性转换。and连接两个并列的成分作介词to的宾语。前面用了名词fear,空处也用名词与fear并列,故填uncertainty。]
5.becoming　[考查非谓语动词。一些鱼毫无生气地漂浮着,成了入侵我们家园的无形敌人实施的袭击的受害者。本句已有谓语动词floated,故空处是非谓语动词作结果状语,become是系动词,只能与逻辑主语构成主谓关系,应用现在分词形式,故填becoming。]
6.was upset　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。空处在第一个分句中作谓语,此处仍然讲述过去的事情,故用一般过去时。upset“扰乱”是及物动词,与主语balance是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态且主语是第三人称单数概念,故填was upset。]
7.Larger　[考查比较等级。此处表示“我比海洋中的任何生物都大,所以我感到责任的重担压在我宽阔的肩膀上”,比较级的标志词than表明空处要填比较级,注意首字母大写,故填Larger。]
8.wounded　[考查非谓语动词。此处表示“因此,我呼吁海洋居民们团结起来拯救我们受到伤害的家园。”空处作定语修饰名词home,根据语境和wound的用法可以判断,所给的提示词wound是动词,表示“伤害”,空处应填非谓语动词。wound与被修饰词home是逻辑上的动宾关系,应该用过去分词作前置定语,故填wounded。]
9.whoever　[考查状语从句。此处表示“我们浮出水面以吸引过往船只的注意,唱着悲伤的曲调,希望能触动那些能够做出改变的人们的心弦,无论他们是谁。”分析句子结构可知,空处引导让步状语从句,表示“无论是谁”,且在从句中作表语,故填whoever。]
10.where　[考查定语从句。此处表示“我们渴望一个世界,在这个世界里,海洋的美丽和安宁能够为我们的后代保留下来。”分析句子结构可知,world后是一个限制性定语从句,先行词是表示地点的world,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.2:imaginary adj.想象的;Para.3:operate v.运作;recycled adj.回收的; Para.5:solution n.解决方案
B Para.1:sensor n.传感器;Para.2:invest v.投资;Para.3:privacy n.隐私;generate v.生成; Para.4:agency n.代理;intervention n.干预;reshape v.重塑
A Para.4:pound　熟义:n.磅;生义:v.敲打
B Para 3:draw　熟义:v.画;生义:v.吸引
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:sit beside坐在旁边;be busy with忙于;Para.3:natural resources自然资源; Para.4:throw away扔掉;think of想到;Para.5:take time需要时间
B Para 2:aim to do旨在做某事;put into放入;Para 3:as secret as像……一样秘密
长 难 句 式 A Para.2:The learning center where Minh Anh Ho and her class are spending their day is designed to introduce kids to working life. [分析]　这是一个复合句。关系副词where引导定语从句,修饰learning center。 [译文]　学习中心旨在让孩子们了解工作生活,在这里Minh Anh Ho和她的同学们度过了每一天。
B Para 3:As these devices increase,they’ll generate vast amounts of neural data,creating a window into our brain states. [分析]　这是一个复合句。从属连词as引导时间状语从句;现在分词短语creating a window into our brain states作结果状语。 [译文]　随着这些设备的增加,它们将生成大量的神经数据,创造出进入我们大脑状态的窗口。(共176张PPT)
UNIT 4　Living with technology
选择性必修第二册
主题语境:科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.autonomous adj. 自主的,有自主权的;自治的
2.drone n. 无人驾驶飞机
3.gender n. 性别
4.victim n. 受害者,牺牲品;受骗者;祭品
5.capacity n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力;容量,容积;职位,职责;生产量
6.castle n. 城堡
7.coin vt. 创造(新词语)
8.massive adj. 巨大的,大而重的;非常严重的
9.domestic adj. 家庭的,家用的;本国的,国内的
10.contemporary adj. 当代的,现代的;属同时期的,同一时代的
n. 同代人,同辈人
11.database n. 数据库
12.capsule n. 小塑料容器;(装药的)胶囊;太空舱
13.weed n. 杂草,野草
14.satellite n. 人造卫星;卫星
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a major breakthrough in AI 人工智能领域的一个重大突破
2.murder victims　　　　　 谋杀案受害者
3.alternative energy 可替代性能源
4.pack into the stadium to watch the final
涌入体育场观看决赛
5.on the decrease 在减少
6.one cannot deny the fact that... 一个不可否认的事实是……
7.large quantities of food 大量的食物
8.a driving licence 驾驶执照
9.bury her face in her hands and weep 她掩面而泣
10.virtual reality 虚拟现实
11.the academic requirements学术要求
12.barriers to the development of VR虚拟现实发展的障碍
13.tuition fees and living expenses学费和生活费用
mit a crime 犯罪
15.a computer monitor 电脑显示屏
16.the highlight of the match比赛最精彩的部分
17.pose a threat to humans 对人类造成威胁
18.a spy satellite 间谍卫星
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.finance n. 财政,金融;资金;财力,财务管理
vt. 提供资金
　financial adj. 财政的,金融的
　financially adv. 财政上
2.threat n. 构成威胁的人(或事物);威胁,恐吓;凶兆
　threaten vt. 危及,对……构成威胁;威胁,恐吓
　threatening adj. 恐吓的;威胁的
3.crime n. 罪,罪行;犯罪活动
　criminal n. 罪犯
　　　　 adj. 犯罪的
4.urge vt. 敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策
　　　 n. 冲动,强烈的欲望
　urgent adj. 紧迫的,迫切的,紧急的
　urgency n. 紧急;迫切
　urgently adv. 紧急地
5.demand vt. 需要;强烈要求
　　　　 n. 要求,所需之物;需求,需要
　demanding adj. 要求高的,费力的;苛求的
6.greed n. 贪欲;贪婪
　greedy adj. 贪心的,贪婪的
　greedily adv. 贪婪地
7.recognize vt. 认出;承认
　recognition n. 识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识
8.distribute vt. 分配;分散;分发
　distribution n. 分发,分送;分配,分布
9.legal adj. 法律允许的,合法的
　illegal adj. 不合法的,非法的
　legally adv. 法律上,合法地
　illegally adv. 违法地,非法地
10.conclude vt.& vi. 断定,推断出;达成,订立;(使)结束,终止
　conclusion n. 结论;结束
11.justify vt. 证明……正当;替……辩护
　justified adj. 合乎情理的,事出有因的;有正当理由的
12.definite adj. 确定的,肯定的
　definition n. 定义;释义,解释
　definitely adv. 肯定,明确地
13.practice vt.& vi.&n. 实践;练习
　practical adj. 实际的,真实的;切实可行的;有用的;实事求是的
　practically adv. 实际地;几乎
14.optimistic adj. 乐观的,抱乐观看法的
　optimism n. 乐观;乐观主义
　optimist n. 乐观主义者;乐天派
15.annoy vt. 使恼怒,使生气;打扰,骚扰
　annoyed adj. 恼怒,生气
　annoying adj. 使烦恼的;使生气的
　annoyance n. 恼怒,生气;使人烦恼的事
16.globe n. 球体,球状物;地球仪;地球,世界
　global adj. 全球的;总体的
17.predict vt. 预言,预告
　prediction n. 预测;预言
18.analyze/analyse vt. 分析
　analysis n. (对事物的)分析;分析结果
　 (pl.) analyses
　analyst n. 分析者
19.apparent adj. 显而易见;显然
　apparently adv. 显然,可见
20.thief n. 小偷
　theft n. 偷窃,偷窃罪
21.initial adj. 最初的,开始的 n. 首字母
　initially adv. 最初地
22.engage vt.& vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣);
雇用,聘用;与……建立密切关系
　engagement n. 订婚;约会
　engaged adj. 忙于,从事于
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.to name but a few　 略举几例
2.in the future 在将来
3.come true 实现
4.in short 总之;简言之
5.achieve this aim 实现这个目标
6.in large quantities 大量,大批
7.break into 强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入
8.fall victim to 受伤,受损,被害
9.spy on 暗中监视,窥探
10.at the forefront of 处于最前列,进入重要地位
11.at the expense of 在牺牲(或损害)……的情况下
12.be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事
13.a host of 许多,大量
14.boil down to 归结为,基本问题是
15.a variety of 多种多样的
16.in the field of 在……领域
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.As we become more and more dependent on computers,some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.(as引导时间状语从句,过去分词短语作定语)
　随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑,一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
2.Moreover, there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people’s social media photos to build models of their faces.(there is growing concern that...,in which引导定语从句,as引导原因状语从句)
　而且,我们越来越担心自己可能会成为这一技术的受害者,因为已有黑客利用人们社交媒体上的照片来制作脸部模型以侵入脸部识别系统的案例发生。
3.What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
(what if...)
　如果我告诉你,医生可以创造一个虚拟的患者“双胞胎”,以便进行精确的手术练习,然后才在病人身上做手术,你觉得怎么样
4.It won’t be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.(It won’t be long before...)
　用不了多久,虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得普遍。
5.When shopping online,you can look forward to being able to have your own virtual reality clone try on clothes and to see products with 360-degree views.(状语从句的省略)
　网上购物时,你可以期待拥有自己的虚拟现实克隆人替你试穿衣服、360度全方位查看商品。
词汇横拓串记
聚焦后缀-al形容词 盘点“计算机”相关名词 “列举”种种
①globe→global全球的 ②practice→practical实际的 ③culture→cultural文化的 ④origin→original最初的 ⑤center→central中央的;中心的 ⑥nature→natural自然的 ①network网络 ②mouse(复mice)鼠标 ③monitor显示器 ④hardware硬件 ⑤keyboard键盘 ⑥database数据库 ①to name but a few略举几例
②for example例如,举例来说
③for instance例如
④such as比如,例如
⑤take...for example以……为例
⑥take...as an example以……为例
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.at the entrance to the castle在　　　　　　的入口处
2.have the capacity to analyse massive amounts of data
有　　　　　　　分析　　　　　　数据
3.coin the term “artificial intelligence”
　　　　　　了“人工智能”一词
城堡
Step One　写一写
能力
大量的
创造
4.from autonomous vehicles to domestic robots
从　　　　　　驾驶汽车到　　　　　　机器人
5.fall victim to AI 成为人工智能的　　　　　
6.a drone made in China 一架国产　　　　　
7.take four capsules at a time 一次服用四粒　　　　　
8.a well-known contemporary art gallery
一个著名的　　　　　　艺术画廊
9.the network database 网络　　　　　
自动
家用
牺牲品
无人驾驶飞机
胶囊
当代
数据库
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 n.　 许可证,执照
2.　　　　　　 n. 重大进展,突破
adj. 突破性的
3.　　　　　　 n. 可供选择的事物
adj. 可供替代的;非传统的
4.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.减少,降低
n. 减少,降低
licence/license
breakthrough
alternative
decrease
5.　　　　　　 vt. (犯)罪;承诺,保证;花 (钱或时间)
vi. 全心全意投入,忠于
6.　　　　　　 n. 最好(或最精彩)的部分
vt. 突出,强调;使醒目
7.　　　　　　 adj.虚拟的,模拟的;很接近的,事实上的
8.　　　　　　 n. 障碍,阻力;屏障,障碍物;分界线,隔阂
commit
highlight
virtual
barrier
9.　　　　　　 n. 数量;大量
10.　　　　　　 vt. 否认,否定;拒绝承认,拒绝接受
11.　　　　　　 vt. 监视,跟踪调查;监听
n. 显示屏;监测器;班长
12.　　　　　　 vt. 埋藏;埋葬,安葬;覆盖;遮盖;使陷入
quantity
deny
monitor
bury
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.断定,推断出;达成,订立;(使)结束,终止
　　　　　　　 n. 结论;结束
2.　　　　　　 vt. 敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策
n. 冲动,强烈的欲望
　　　　　　　 adj. 紧迫的,迫切的,紧急的
　　　　　　　 n. 紧急;迫切
　　　　　　　 adv. 紧急地
conclude
conclusion
urge
urgent
urgency
urgently
3.　　　　　　 vt. 分配;分散;分发
　　　　　　　 n. 分发,分送;分配,分布
4.　　　　　　 n. 财政,金融;资金;财力,财务管理
　　　　　　 vt. 提供资金
　　　　　　　 adj. 财政的,金融的
　　　　　　　 adv. 财政上
distribute
distribution
finance
financial
financially
5.　　　　　　 n. 构成威胁的人(或事物);威胁,恐吓;凶兆
　　　　　　　 vt. 危及,对……构成威胁;威胁,恐吓
　　　　　　　 adj. 恐吓的;威胁的
6.　　　　　　 vt. 使恼怒,使生气;打扰,骚扰
　　　　　　　 adj. 恼怒,生气
　　　　　　　 adj. 使烦恼的;使生气的
　　　　　　　 n. 恼怒,生气;使人烦恼的事
threat
threaten
threatening
annoy
annoyed
annoying
annoyance
7.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.&n.实践;练习
　　　　　　　 adj. 实际的,真实的;切实可行的;
有用的;实事求是的
　　　　　　　 adv. 实际地;几乎
8.　　　　　　 n. 罪,罪行;犯罪活动
　　　　　　　 n. 罪犯
　　　　　　 adj. 犯罪的
practice
practical
practically
crime
criminal
9.　　　　　　 vt. 需要;强烈要求
　　　　　　　 n. 要求,所需之物;需求,需要
　　　　　　　 adj. 要求高的,费力的;苛求的
10.　　　　　　 n. 贪欲;贪婪
　　　　　　　 adj. 贪心的,贪婪的
　　　　　　　 adv. 贪婪地
demand
demanding
greed
greedy
greedily
11.　　　　　　 vt. 认出;承认
　　　　　　　 n. 识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识
12.　　　　　　 adj. 确定的,肯定的
　　　　　　　 n. 定义;释义,解释
　　　　　　　 adv. 肯定;明确地
recognize
recognition
definite
definition
definitely
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.　　　　　　　　　略举几例
2.　　　　　　　 实现
3.　　　　　　　 受伤,受损,被害
4.　　　　　　　 强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入
5.　　 　　　　　 大量,大批
6.　　 　　　　　 处于最前列,进入重要地位
to name but a few
come true
fall victim to
break into
in large quantities
at the forefront of
7.be capable of doing sth 　　　　　　　
8.boil down to 　　　　　　 　
9.a variety of 　　　　　　　
10.in the field of 　　　　　　　
有能力做某事
归结为,基本问题是
多种多样的
在……领域
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:状语从句的省略
　　 　　　　 　　,he shed tears of excitement.
当他因出色的表演获得一等奖时,他流下了兴奋的眼泪。
When awarded the first prize for his excellent performance
2.句型公式:It won't be long before...
　 we get rid of the trouble in finance.
我坚信不久之后,我们就能摆脱经济困境。
3.句型公式:What if...
　　 　　　 after you have worked for 10 years in the field
假如自己在这个领域工作了十年的岗位消失了怎么办
I firmly believe that it will not be long before
What if your job disappears
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.There's no d　　　　　　 that the attack did a severe injury to his reputation.
2.He was sitting there with his head b　　　　　 in a book.
3.C　　　　　　 to providing better services,the company will provide net users with all the information they need.
enying
Step Two　练一练
uried
ommitted
4.Large q　　　　　　 of clothes and food were provided for the earthquake areas last week.
5.Although he had made a b　　　　　　 in his field,he was always humble.
6.I didn't know how to deal with the problem, so I had no
a　　　　　　 but to turn to you for help.
uantities
reakthrough
lternative
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.After much debate,they came to the conclusion that the worldwide
　 　　is closely connected with 　　　　　　freedom.(finance)
2.As a 　　　　　　,the boy who was charged with the
　　　　　　had shown 　　　　　　 tendencies since early adolescence.(crime)
3.My hometown,which is 　　 　　as one of the most beautiful cities, has changed beyond 　　 　　since I was last here.(recognize)
finance
financial
criminal
crime
criminal
recognized
recognition
4.My husband's talking with full food in his mouth 　　　　　　me. Although I am 　　　　　　with him about his 　　　　　　habit, he can't get rid of it.(annoy)
5.The teacher 　　　　　　that the students should be taught how to take 　　　　　　 action in time of 　　　　　　.(urge)
6.He is a 　　　　　　man and always wants everything out of sheer 　　　　　　.(greed)
annoyed
annoyed
annoying
urged
urgent
urgency
greedy
greed
Ⅲ.短语填空
to name but a few　break into　come true　at the forefront of
boil down to　be capable of doing sth
1.Thomas Edison was 　　　　　 　the search for alternative ways to power vehicles.
2.His reasons for not wanting to go abroad 　　　　　　the fact that he doesn't have enough money.
at the forefront of
boil down to
3.It is incredible that bees,bats and rats,　　　 　　　, can see what humans can't.
4.Those robbers 　　　　　　the bank at the risk of being caught by the police.
5.The exam is not very difficult and every student in the class
　　　　　　passing it.
6.If you do as I say,your dream 　　　　 　　soon.
to name but a few
broke into
is capable of
will come true
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently,the topic of environmental protection 1.　　 　　 (arouse) more and more attention.There is no denying 2.　　　　　　 this problem may boil down to the fact that humans are too greedy.To meet their 3.　　　　　　 (demand) for more money,many trees have been cut down 4.　　　　　　 large quantities.Besides,the number of wild animals is also on the decrease because of 5.　　　　　　 (legal)
has aroused
that
demands
in
illegal
hunting.It 6.　 　　 　 (predict) that if such things continue happening, the ecological system will be threatened.
7.　　 (apparent), it is urgent that the government
8.　　　　　　 (take) some practical measures to prohibit people from 9.　　　　　　 (destroy) our environment.With the joint efforts,we can find some alternative solutions.To conclude,we can never develop our economy at 10.　　　　　　 expense of the environment.
is predicted
Apparently
(should) take
destroying
the
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.2 写作迁移
1.urge vt.敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策 n.冲动,强烈的
欲望→urgent adj.紧急的;紧迫的→urgently adv.紧急地
佳句背诵　
I feel an urge to express my different voice,hoping that this wouldn’t offend you.(建议信,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我有一种想要表达我不同的声音的冲动,希望这不会冒犯你。
urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do... 主张做……
have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事
feel an urge to do sth 有做某事的冲动
以练促学　单句写作
①He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
to join sports teams.(urge n.)
他强烈渴望利用这个机会加入运动队。
②The public urged that the government　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 . 公众强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件的再次发生。
has a strong urge to take advantage of the opportunity
(should) take measures to
prevent such cases from happening again
教考衔接　语段训练
③With the development of China,　　　　　　　　　　 the young
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 without difficulty.Hence, anyone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 can register for our Spoken English Club.(发言稿,2022·天津卷)
随着中国的发展,极力主张年轻人无障碍地与外国人交流。因此,任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的英语口语俱乐部。
it is urged that
(should) communicate with foreigners
who has an urge to speak fluent English
2.demand vt.需要;强烈要求(require)n.要求,所需之物;需求,需要
→demanding adj.要求高的;费力的;苛求的
佳句背诵　
Because picking apples involved climbing trees,the farmers demanded that we (should) be cautious and careful.(活动介绍)
因为摘苹果需要爬树,农民们要求我们谨慎小心。
demand to do sth 要求做某事
demand that...(should) do sth 要求……做某事
be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需求
以练促学　单句语法填空
①Like running,race walking is physically 　　　　　 (demand),she says.(全国Ⅰ卷)
②It is a fact that those who speak English with fluency are
　　　　　　great demand in modern times.
教考衔接　单句写作
③Father 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when he helped make breakfast.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
父亲要求双胞胎在他帮忙做早餐时把厨房打扫干净。
demanding
in
demanded that the twins (should) clean up the kitchen
3.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的,非传统的
佳句背诵　
My heart sank at the news,but soon it dawned upon me that I had no alternative but to face the reality.(心理描写,2022·浙江1月卷)
听到这个消息,我的心沉了下来,但很快我就意识到,我除了面对现实别无选择。
an alternative to... ……的替代品
have no alternative/choice but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth 有做某事的选择
以练促学　单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative　　　　　　 gasoline.
②As to cosmetics,if you don’t like domestic brands,you have the alternative 　　　　　　　 buying foreign ones.
to
of
教考衔接　单句写作
③Firstly, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility,
　　 for short trips.
(发言稿,2024·全国甲卷)
首先,共享单车已成为城市出行的象征,为短途出行提供了一种经济、绿色的选择。
offering an affordable and green alternative
4.decrease vt.& vi.减少,降低 n.减少,降低
佳句背诵　
The number of visitors to the museum has decreased by nearly 6% in the past few years. 过去几年中,参观博物馆的人数下降了近6%。
on the decrease/decline 在减少;在衰退
on the increase/rise 在上涨,在增长
decrease/increase by... 减少/增加了……
decrease/increase to... 减少/增加到……
以练促学　单句语法填空
①The number of people owning private cars is 　　　　　　the increase in China.By the end of last year,the number had increased
　　　　　　80 million,while the number of people buying Japanese cars had decreased 　　　　　　20%.
教考衔接　单句写作
②It’s a pity that global warming 　　　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
in recent years.
令人遗憾的是,近年来,全球变暖导致了野生动物数量的急剧减少。
on
to
by
has caused a sharp decrease of wildlife
The government urges people to take actions to protect the environment. The public demands more alternative energy sources to decrease pollution. All in all,without efforts, our living conditions will keep worsening.
5.bury vt.埋藏;埋葬,安葬;覆盖;遮盖;使陷入
佳句背诵　
Jennifer sat on the floor, burying her face in her hands, and her body trembled as she softly began to cry.(动作+情绪描写)
詹妮弗坐在地板上,双手捂着脸,身体颤抖着,轻声地开始哭泣。
bury oneself in 埋头于,专心于
be buried in 专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
[点拨]　表示“专心于;致力于”的短语还有:be absorbed in、be lost in、be devoted to、focus on、concentrate one’s attention on等。
以练促学　句式升级
①David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→David still refused to look at me,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
(分词短语作状语)
burying his head in his arms
→David still refused to look at me,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
(with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(独立主格结构)
with his head buried in his arms
his head buried in his arms
教考衔接　一句多译
②我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　
every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
every day,I have gained abundant knowledge.
bury myself/am buried in reading the English newspaper
Burying myself/Buried in reading the English newspaper
6.annoy vt.使恼怒,使生气;打扰,骚扰→annoyed adj.生气,恼怒→annoying adj.使烦恼的;使生气的→annoyance n.恼怒,烦恼;使人烦恼的事
佳句背诵　
What annoys many parents most is that staring at the screen for a long time is harmful to their children’s eyes.(2021·全国乙卷)
最让许多家长烦恼的是长时间盯着屏幕对孩子的眼睛有害。
What annoys sb (most) is that... (最)让某人生气的是……
be annoyed with sb at/about sth 因某事对某人生气
to one’s annoyance 使某人生气的是
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was annoyed 　　　　　　him 　　　　　his 　　　 　 (annoy) rude table manners.
②　　　　　　　　　　 , he had received no apology.
让他恼火的是他没有得到任何道歉。
with
about/at
annoying
To his annoyance
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
I disagreed with my partner in many aspects and I had no idea how I could improve the situation.(2022·浙江1月卷)
使我生气的是,我和我的搭档总是在很多方面存在分歧,我不知道怎么才能改善这种状况。
What annoyed me was that/What made me annoyed was that
7.deny vt.否认,否定;拒绝承认,拒绝接受
佳句背诵　
There is no denying that reading books of traditional culture can have a good impact/influence/effect on the children.
不可否认,阅读有关传统文化的书籍会对儿童有好的影响。
deny doing sth 否认干某事
There is no denying that...=No one can deny the fact that...
不可否认的是……
以练促学　单句写作
①No one can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also learn how to help people around us.
不可否认的事实是通过这次活动,我们学生不仅更好地了解了社会而且学会了如何帮助周围的人。
deny the fact that through this activity
教考衔接　单句写作
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 creating artworks in the park was a new experience.(活动介绍,2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
不可否认,在公园里创作艺术作品是一种新的体验。
There is no denying that
8.in large quantities大量,大批
佳句背诵　
I’d like to recommend Beijing as your travel destination,because Beijing has a large quantity of/large quantities of tourist attractions, including the Great Wall,the Palace Museum,to name but a few.
(推荐信)
我想推荐北京作为你的旅游目的地,因为北京有许多景点,包括长城、故宫博物院等等。
large quantities of 大量的;许多的
a large/small quantity of 大量/少量的
in quantity/in large quantities 大量,大批
[点拨]　①a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。
②“a quantity of+名词”作主语和“quantities of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数和quantity的数保持一致。
以练促学　单句写作
①As a result of destroying the forests,　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
　 　　　　　　　　 　 in the last few years. 在过去的几年里,由于森林的破坏,大量沙漠覆盖了这片土地。
教考衔接　单句写作
②Waste water is pouring into the ocean 　　　　　　　　 　　　,
causing great damage. (短文投稿,2022·全国甲卷)
废水大量涌入海洋,造成了巨大的破坏。
a large quantity of desert has/large quantities of desert have covered the land
in large quantities
When I was walking in the park, I saw a man burying something in the ground. His strange behavior annoyed me a lot. I went forward to ask him what he was doing. However, he denied any wrong-doing and said he was just planting seeds of flowers in large quantities to beautify the park.On hearing this, I felt embarrassed.
句型公式:状语从句的省略
课本原句: When shopping online,you can look forward to being able to have your own virtual reality clone try on clothes and to see products with 360-degree views.
网上购物时,你可以期待拥有自己的虚拟现实克隆人替你试穿衣服、360度全方位查看商品。
佳句背诵　
Therefore,I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting if necessary.
因此,如果必要的话,我可以解释中国画的相关信息。
本句中的黑体部分为状语从句的省略形式,补充完整为When you are shopping online。
(1)状语从句省略的条件:
·when、while、though、even if、unless、if、as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it;
·状语从句的谓语中含有be动词。
(2)省略句的形式:省略从句中的主语和be动词。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①While 　　　　　　(pick)oranges,I realized how hard it was for farmers to work in the fields.(活动介绍,全国Ⅱ卷)
②If 　　　　　　(admit),I will do all I can to do the work well.
③The twins cheered up and 　　　　　　　　. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
双胞胎高兴起来,照他说的做了。
picking
admitted
did as told
教考衔接　单句写作
④　　　　　　　　　　　　, I can introduce the history of Chinese painting to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture.(申请信,全国Ⅰ卷)
假如我被接收的话,我将向客人介绍中国的绘画历史,这可以帮助他们了解中国文化。
If (I am) accepted
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.The patient suffered a massive heart attack. 　 　　　　
2.The fund has been used largely to finance the construction of schools in remote areas. 　　　　　
3.The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.
　　　　　
4.She gained only minimal recognition for her work. 　　　　　
adj.非常严重的
vt.资助
n.分布
n.赞誉,赏识
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.pose vt.造成,产生;提问,质询 vi.摆好姿势 n.姿势
vi.摆好姿势
①The delegates (代表) posed for a group photograph. 　　　　　
②We all know that nuclear weapons pose a threat to human security.
　　　　　
③The magazine posed a list of questions to each of the candidates.
　　　　　
④She adopted an elegant pose for the camera. 　　　　　
vt.造成,产生
vt.提问,质询
n.姿势
2.monitor vt.监视,跟踪调查;监听 n.显示屏;监测器;班长
n.显示屏
①The details of today’s flights are displayed on the monitor.
　　　　　
②And there are questions about the films made outside the States,which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States. 　 　　　　
③The monitor is a student in a school who performs special duties,such as helping the teacher. 　　　　　
vt.监视,跟踪调查
n.班长
3.highlight n.最好(或最精彩)的部分 vt.突出,强调;使醒目
vt.突出,强调
①The report highlights the major problems facing society today.
　　　　　
②Use the pen to highlight the name of the document you want to print. 　　　　　
③The highlight of the match will be shown later this evening.
　 　　　　
vt.使醒目
n.最好(或最精彩)的部分
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Her pet transport job was born of the 　　　　　　(finance) crisis in the late 2000s.(2022·浙江1月卷)
2.　　　　　　 (urge)by the strong desire to be a member of the reading club,I quickened my paces immediately.
3.Nowadays science graduates are 　　　　　　 greater demand because advanced science has created more 　　　　　　(demand) jobs.
financial
Urged
in
demanding
4.Over the past decades,sea ice has been 　　　　　　the decrease in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
5.He was beginning to get very 　　　　　　(annoy) with me about my carelessness.
6.In 　　　　　　(conclude),some activities play a positive role in our daily life,while others don’t.
7.Large quantities of desserts 　　　　　　(consume)by the madam,who receives more calories than necessary.
on
annoyed
conclusion
are consumed
8.He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of
　　　　　　(recognize).
9.Soon after,she knew she had to make a bold move to fully commit
　　　　　　her new future.
10.To show this,she held up one chopstick,representing one person.Then she easily broke it 　　　　　　two pieces.
11.Though 　　　　　　(bury) in his work these days,he still joined the volunteer organization to help the disabled.
12.Schools demand that during holidays students’ online time
　 　　　　　　　(restrict).
recognition
to
into
buried
(should) be restricted
维度三　完成句子
1.　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
we had to ask for directions.
　由于我们都不知道怎么去公园,我们不得不问路。
2.If you keep working hard, you are bound to
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　如果你继续努力工作,你注定会在未来取得成功。
As all of us didn't know how to get to the park
achieve success in the future
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　,a good and harmonious environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthy.
　总之,一个良好和谐的家庭环境对孩子的健康成长是必要的。
4.We mustn’t develop economy　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　and we must have a role in nature conservation.
　我们不能以破坏自然为代价发展经济,我们必须在自然保护中发挥作用。
In short
at the expense of destroying nature
5.The research team made great achievements　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
研究团队在可再生能源领域取得了巨大成就。
6.Only if the public willingly contribute to building a green Beijing
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　.
只有公众愿意为建设绿色北京做出贡献,我们才能实现我们的目标。
in the field of
renewable energy
can we achieve our aims
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(短文投稿——科技节)
　　你校将以科技节为主题,举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.现在科技的发展及应用;
2.对未来科技发展的设想。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①随着科学技术的发展,我们的生活在将来会发生很大的变化,所以我很难对未来做出预测。(in the future)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
With the development of science and technology, our lives will change a lot in the future,so it is really difficult for me to make predictions about the future.
②不可否认,先进的科学和技术已经进入了我们的日常生活。(There is no denying that...)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
③在大量领域,我们人类要求人工智能帮助我们完成工作。(large quantities of,demand)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
There is no denying that advanced science and technology has found its way into our daily life.
In large quantities of fields, we humans demand that artificial intelligence help us to get work done.
④它不仅可以作为我们的替代者,而且它往往更有效率。(alternative,倒装)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
⑤人工智能的发展可以创造大量的相关就业机会,并为我们提供新的机会。(massive)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Not only can it function as an alternative to us, but also it tends to be more efficient.
The development of artificial intelligence can create massive related jobs and provide new chances for us.
⑥至于我的愿望,我希望在2050年,飞行的环保无人机能成真,我们甚至可以通过时间机器回到过去。(drone,come true)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
As for my wishes, I hope in 2050 flying environmentally-friendly drones will come true and we can even go back to the past by a time machine.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
　　With the development of science and technology, our lives will change a lot in the future,so it is really difficult for me to make predictions about the future.
There is no denying that advanced science and technology has found its way into our daily life.In large quantities of fields, we humans demand that artificial intelligence help us to get work done.Not only can it function as an alternative to us, but also it tends to be more efficient.What's more, the development of artificial intelligence can create massive related jobs and provide new chances for us.
As for my wishes, I hope in 2050 flying environmentally-friendly drones will come true and we can even go back to the past by a time machine.
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:前文讲述了作者和狗狗Stormy在周六凌晨去观鸟的冒险经历。途中,由于大雾,作者的车失控掉进了水里。作者尝试用玻璃破碎器砸破玻璃,但每次尝试都失败了,后来作者拿起车里的灭火器砸玻璃,灭火器却被弹回来了。作者没有放弃,就在这时,作者感觉到水的上涨停止了,作者意识到还有时间继续努力。
【参考范文】
“I'll fight harder,” I promised aloud. I jumped underwater again to swing the extinguisher with renewed energy.Gasping for air,　sinking,swinging...the pattern repeated until suddenly,there's a crack! “Yes! There's a hole!” I burst through the broken window,　swimming to the back door.“Stormy,hold on!” I shouted as I realized it's locked too.Gathering every bit of strength,I forced the door open,　freeing Stormy from the sinking truck.
Exhausted,we caught the now flooded vehicle,waiting for daylight. I said,“We need to get out of here,boy.” With dawn's arrival,　I spotted what could be a ladder about 70 yards upstream.Despite the freezing cold and tiredness,I managed to reach the ladder and pulled myself up,Stormy following closely behind.This experience strengthens my belief in the precious gift of time—time to live and time to value the life we've been given.
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(2023·浙江1月卷阅读D)
According to the Solar Energy Industry Association,the number of solar panels installed (安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals.But all of that growth will take up a lot of space,and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy,few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible,so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them.Often,they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds.The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions,see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
“Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick,the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment (InSPIRE) project.“They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development,which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators (传粉昆虫).
Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades,which has damaged the U.S.agricultural economy.Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens,businesses,schools,cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years,many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators,resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.“These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.
真题再做
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了随着太阳能的普及,越来越多的太阳能电池板被安装在各个社区,这不可避免地给环境,尤其是农业环境,带来消极影响。
32.What do solar developers often ignore
A.The decline in the demand for solar energy.
B.The negative impact of installing solar panels.
C.The rising labor cost of building solar farms.
D.The most recent advances in solar technology.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,太阳能开发者们往往想要尽快安装更多的太阳能电池板,所以他们不太考虑如何处理电池板下的环境。他们往往会在下面放一些碎石,而且用除草剂除草,这给土壤带来了破坏,故选B项。
33.What does InSPIRE aim to do
A.Improve the productivity of local farms.
B.Invent new methods for controlling weeds.
C.Make solar projects environmentally friendly.
D.Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating...to the land.”可知,InSPIRE 项目正在寻找一种对环境影响小的太阳能开发方式,力求做到“对土地友好”,故选C项。
34.What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4
A.To conserve pollinators.
B.To restrict solar development.
C.To diversify the economy.
D.To ensure the supply of energy.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可知,有超过28个州通过了与传粉昆虫栖息地保护和杀虫剂使用有关的法律,故选A项。
35.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Pollinators:To Leave or to Stay
B.Solar Energy:Hope for the Future
C.InSPIRE:A Leader in Agriculture
D.Solar Farms:A New Development
√
解析　标题归纳题。文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题:太阳能电池板对环境尤其是农业环境的消极影响。第三段给出了解决方案:建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第四、五段介绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影响。所以纵观全文,关键词应该是solar farms,故选D项。
思维建模
利用4大技法巧解标题归纳题
关键词法 反复出现的词语,多次重复的观点就是体现主旨的关键词
主题句法 根据文章主题句,确定中心词充当标题
穿珠连串法 分析文章细节,确定共同点,如同穿珠般串联细节共同点,确定标题
逆向法 根据四个选项,考虑其可能的内容,对照原文,最相似者为最佳选项
以例示法(如35题)
运用穿珠连串法
文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题:太阳能电池板对环境尤其是农业环境的消极影响。第三段给出了解决方案:建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第四、五段介绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影响。所以纵观全文,关键词应该是solar farms,故D项是最佳选项。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:solar adj.太阳能的;install v.安装; concept n.概念; Para.2:chemical n.化学品;region n.地区; Para.3:economy n.经济;approach n.方法; low-impact adj.低影响的;strategy n.策略 Para.1:climate goal气候目标;take up占据;
Para.2:put up安装;end up结果是;
Para.3:contribute to贡献于;
Para.4:habitat loss栖息地丧失
析 长 难 语 句 Para.5:Over the past few years,many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators,resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.
[句式分析]　这是一个复杂的简单句。主句为主谓宾结构,现在分词短语resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction作结果状语。
[尝试翻译]　

[语言赏析]　这句话通过时间框架的设置、清晰的因果结构以及动词驱动的表达方式,展示了太阳能开发在环境保护方面取得的成效。
过去几年中,许多太阳能农场的开发者将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成多种传粉昆虫的庇护所,从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·周口高三模拟)
Minh Anh Ho is sitting beside a microscope.Many people are busy with other tasks.One is interviewing the mayor for a TV news station. Another is running the electric company.As a researcher for a company that repurposes plastic,Minh Anh Ho is studying a sheet of cling wrap (保鲜膜).“It’s a really important job,” she says.“Plastic takes a really long time to disappear,so it would be good to come up with something else to do with it and not just throw it away.”
The learning center where Minh Anh Ho and her class are spending their day is designed to introduce kids to working life. Students run an imaginary town,with each kid doing a different job in a different business.Each year,about 83% of all sixth graders in Finland go through the program.It teaches them not just about business and working,but also,as Minh Anh Ho’s “job” makes clear,about the circular (循环) economy.
Most societies have linear (线性) economies,which operate on a “take,make,waste” model.Natural resources are taken from the Earth and made into products,which are usually thrown away if left over.In 2016,Finland became the first country to use a “road map” to a circular economy.This model focuses on the transformation of existing products.Businesses rely on recycled or repurposed materials and use less raw (未经加工的) material to make their products.That reduces the amount of waste going into landfills.
Education has always been a central part of Finland’s plan.Kindergarten director Liisa Woitsch is sitting on the floor with students and a broken wooden chair.“Do we just throw it away now,” she asks,“or can you think of anything else that can be done with it ” A little boy pounds on the chair.He says it can be used as a drum.
Anssi Almgren helped design the program.“Children have so many great ideas,” he says.“We want to enable them to think about solutions.But changing a society by educating its youth takes time.”
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要通过介绍Minh Anh Ho对保鲜膜的研究,从而引出文章的主题——循环经济。
1.Why does the author describe the learning center in paragraph 1
A.To make readers better understand the program.
B.To show how excited the students are.
C.To express his concern over the program.
D.To praise the students’ concentration.
解析　写作意图题。根据第一段中“Another is running...and not just throw it away.”可知,作者在段落中描述了研究中心,其目的是让读者们更好地了解该研究中心有关保鲜膜研究的重要性。即更好地了解整个项目,故选A项。
√
2.How does the author mainly develop paragraph 3
A.By providing reasons. B.By following time order.
C.By making comparisons. D.By giving examples.
解析　写作手法题。根据第三段中“Most societies have linear (线性) economies,which operate on a ‘take,make,waste’ model.”以及“In 2016,Finland became the first country to use a ‘road map’ to a circular economy.”可知,本段通过将线性经济和循环经济进行比较,从而阐述循环经济的内容。故作者是通过比较的方式来演绎本段内容的,故选C项。
√
3.What is the main purpose of a circular economy
A.To reduce the waste of resources.
B.To keep a higher living standard.
C.To increase the use of raw material.
D.To discover new types of natural resources.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Businesses rely on...the amount of waste going into landfills.”可知,循环经济的目的是减少资源浪费,故选A项。
√
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The lessons from a learning center.
B.An introduction to linear economies.
C.The education on the circular economy.
D.Finland’s plans on economic development.
解析　文章大意题。通读全文,文章通过介绍Minh Anh Ho对保鲜膜的研究,从而引出文章的主题——循环经济。结合第一二段对学习中心的描述,以及最后一段“We want to enable...by educating its youth takes time.”可知,文章主要介绍了关于“循环经济”的教育,故选C项。
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(2025·东莞东华中学高三模拟)
A last defender of privacy,our brains have remained inviolate (未受侵犯的),even as sensors now record our heartbeats,breaths,steps and sleep.All that is about to change.
Large tech companies are already investing heavily in brain wearables.They aim to put brain sensors into smart watches,headsets and sleep aids.Integrating them into our everyday lives could revolutionize health care,enabling personalized treatment of conditions.Brain sensors could improve our ability to think,focus and even communicate with technological telepathy (心灵感应)—using the power of thoughts and emotions to drive interaction with AR and VR headsets.
But brain wearables also pose real risks to mental privacy and self-determination.As these devices increase,they’ll generate vast amounts of neural (神经的) data,creating a window into our brain states.Nowadays,our inner selves are not as secret as before.From neuromarketing to the rabbit hole of social media,they violate human brains even when people don’t realize that.Social media “like” buttons and notifications are features designed to draw us habitually back to platforms,using our brains’ reward systems.
As brain wearables and artificial intelligence (AI) advance,the line between human agency and machine intervention will also not be manifest.When a wearable reshapes our thoughts and emotions,how much of our actions remain truly our own As we begin to offload mental tasks onto AI,we risk becoming overly dependent on technology.Should we allow AI to shape our mental experiences And how do we keep our humanity in an interconnected world remade by these technologies
We stand at the beginning of a brain wearable revolution.We need caution and an open debate about the risks and benefits of neurotechnology to ensure it is used responsibly.To get there will require we recognize new digital age rights to preserve our inner liberty—self-determination over our brains and mental experiences. We must do so now,before the choice is no longer ours to make.
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章主要论述了一些科技公司在研发大脑可穿戴设备,这些设备有助于彻底改变医疗保健,提高人们的思考能力、专注力和沟通能力等,但也会对人们的心理隐私和思想自由构成威胁。
5.What is stressed about brain wearables in paragraph 2
A.Their application. B.Their potential.
C.Their popularity. D.Their diversity.
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,大型科技公司已经在大脑可穿戴设备上投入巨资。他们的目标是将大脑传感器放入智能手表、耳机和睡眠辅助器中。将它们融入我们的日常生活可以彻底改变医疗保健,实现个性化的疾病治疗。大脑传感器可以提高我们思考能力、注意力甚至通过技术心灵感应进行交流的能力。因此,本段主要介绍的是大脑可穿戴设备的潜力,故选B项。
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6.What does the author want to show by mentioning social media “like” buttons and notifications
A.People rely on technology too much.
B.Risk of brain wearables is everywhere.
C.Neuromarketing affects people easily.
D.Mental privacy is violated unknowingly.
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解析　写作意图题。根据第三段中的“Nowadays,our inner selves are not as secret...violate human brains even when people don’t realize that.”可知,作者认为,如今我们的内在自我不像以前那样私密。从神经营销到社交媒体的兔子洞,它们在人们没有意识到的情况下搅扰人类的大脑,侵犯他们的隐私。接着以社交媒体的“喜欢”按钮和通知为例说明这一现象,故选D项。
7.What does the word “manifest” underlined in paragraph 4 mean
A.Clear. B.Stable. C.Necessary. D.Reasonable.
解析　词义猜测题。画线词后提到,当可穿戴设备重塑我们的思想和情感时,我们的行为中有多少真正是我们自己的 当我们开始将脑力任务转移给人工智能时,我们有可能过度依赖技术。我们应该让人工智能塑造我们的心理体验吗 我们如何在一个由这些技术重塑的互联世界中保持我们的人性 这些问题表明人类能动性和机器干预之间的界限不清晰,故选A项。
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8.What does the author appeal to people to do
A.Be open to new technology.
B.Oppose brain wearables.
C.Defend the freedom of thought.
D.Keep humanity in high-tech era.
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“To get there will require we recognize new digital age rights...before the choice is no longer ours to make”可知,要实现这一目标,我们需要意识到新数字时代的权利,以维护我们的内在自由——对我们的大脑和心理体验的自决权。我们必须现在就这样做,在我们无法再做出选择之前,故选C项。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·金华十校高三模拟)
I found a brown bag outside after our move.“Grass Seed,” it said in big letters.My husband and I 　1　 the seeds all over the dirty yard in front of our new house.“I have no idea if they will 　2　,” I told him,“but it’s worth a shot.” Just like our 　3　 to move to the rural Arizona.
Near our new house sat a charming cottage,which was 　4　 to tourists.I got a job offer to 　5　 the cottage.I’d worked in hotels for years,so when offered the 　6　,I jumped at it.Still,it was a big change.I 　7　 that it would be a right move.
While we waited for our grass to grow—or not—we 　8　 settled into our new house through our efforts.We made it a cozy home, despite the 　9　 in the front yard,which was still bare now. Meanwhile,many of the cottage guests became 　10　,and I got to know them well.I felt 　11　 to make their stays memorable.Perhaps I was better at that than 　12　.
But after a monsoon (季风) swept through,I woke up to a beautiful morning and looked out the window.There was no grass growing in the sunlight.　13　,our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)! The front yard turned out even better than I could have 　14　,just like our new life.And it remains a powerful 　15　 of the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者搬家后无意间撒下的种子竟然开出百日菊,这段经历让作者意识到:在新的生活篇章中,等待着人们的是美好。
1.A.sought B.spread C.collected D.removed
解析　seek探索;spread撒,扩散;collect收集;remove清除。根据常识和上文中的“I found a brown bag outside after our move.‘Grass Seed,’it said in big letters.”以及下文中的“I told him,‘but it’s worth a shot.’”可知,作者搬到一个新房子时,看到一包草种子,所以此处指的是虽不知道是否能长出草来,还是把种子“撒”到院子里,故选B项。
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2.A.remain B.last C.dry D.root
解析　remain仍然是;last持续;dry(使)变干;root(使)生根。根据常识以及下文中的“While we waited for our grass to grow—or not”可知,作者不知道种子会不会“生根”,故选D项。
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3.A.need B.intention C.decision D.agreement
解析　need需要;intention意图;decision决定;agreement同意。根据上文中的“‘I have no idea if they will 　　　　,’I told him,‘but it’s worth a shot.’”可知,作者在不知道种子是否会生根的情况下决定把种子撒在院子里,结合Just like可知,此处指的是搬到亚利桑那州的“决定”,故选C项。
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4.A.rented B.given C.sold D.introduced
解析　句意:在我们的新房子附近有一座出租给游客的迷人小屋。rent租;give给予;sell卖;introduce介绍。根据上文中的“Near our new house sat a charming cottage”可知,在作者新家附近有一个迷人小屋,下文中的“tourists”是词语同现,由此可知,该小屋是“租”给游客的,故选A项。
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5.A.green B.advertise C.fill up D.look after
解析　green绿化;advertise做广告;fill up填满;look after照顾。根据上文中的“I got a job offer”可知,作者得到了一份工作,由此可推断,此处指的是“照顾”小屋,故选D项。
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6.A.help B.chance C.service D.accommodation
解析　help帮助;chance机会;service服务;accommodation住宿。根据上文中的“I got a job offer to 　　　　the cottage.”可知,作者得到一份照顾小屋的工作,由此可知,此处指的是照顾小屋的工作“机会”,故选B项。
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7.A.pretended B.decided C.understood D.prayed
解析　pretend假装;decide决定;understand理解;pray祈祷。根据语境和下文中的“that it would be a right move”可知,作者一家搬到新家,到处是不熟悉的环境,由此可推断,此处应为“祈祷”这是一次正确的搬迁,故选D项。
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8.A.naturally B.hardly C.gradually D.temporarily
解析　naturally自然地;hardly几乎不;gradually逐渐地;temporarily暂时地。根据上文中的“While we waited for our grass to grow—or not”可知,作者一家在等着草能否长得出来,这应该是一个缓慢的过程,由此可推断,此处指的是作者他们“逐渐地”适应新的房子,故选C项。
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9.A.uncertainty B.potential C.danger D.untidiness
解析　uncertainty不确定性;potential潜力;danger危险;untidiness不整齐。根据上文中的“While we waited for our grass to grow—or not”以及下文中的“in the front yard,which was still bare now”可知,此处指的是作者他们在前院撒的草种是否能长出来,现在还是空荡荡的,由此可知,此处应为“不确定性”,故选A项。
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10.A.locals B.employers C.regulars D.gardeners
解析　local当地人;employer雇主;regular常客;gardener园丁。根据上文中的“Near our new house sat a charming cottage,which was
　　　　to tourists.”可知,小屋是租给游客们的,此处指的是经常租住小屋的游客,即“常客”,故选C项。]
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11.A.proud B.grateful C.curious D.stressed
解析　proud自豪的;grateful感激的;curious好奇的;stressed焦虑的。根据下文中的“to make their stays memorable”可知,作者的一些做法给游客们留下了难忘的回忆,由此可知,此处指的是作者对此感到“自豪”,故选A项。
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12.A.house renting B.yard cleaning
C.keeping house D.growing grass
解析　house renting租房;yard cleaning打扫院子;keeping house持家;growing grass种草。根据语境和上文中 “Perhaps I was better at that”可知,作者将草种撒在前院,至今前院仍是空荡荡的,相比而言,作者更擅长给游客们留下难忘的回忆,由此可知,此处是与“种草”相比较,故选D项。
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13.A.Otherwise B.Instead C.Besides D.Therefore
解析　otherwise否则;instead相反;besides此外;therefore因此。根据上文中的“There was no grass growing in the sunlight.”以及下文中的“our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)!”可知,作者的院子里没有长出草,长出来的却是百日菊,由此可知,此处应为“相反”,故选B项。
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14.A.imagined B.designed C.remembered D.appreciated
解析　imagine想象;design设计;remember记住;appreciate感激,欣赏。根据语境以及下文中的“The front yard turned out even better than...”可知,作者一直以为撒下去的是草种,所以一直想象的是能长出一片草地,而最终长出的是百日菊,由此可知,此处应为前院比“想象”的还要好,故选A项。
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15.A.test B.memory C.reminder D.choice
解析　test测试;memory记忆;reminder提醒物;choice选择。根据上文中的“The front yard turned out even better than I could have 　　　　,just like our new life.”可知,作者前院最终比想象的还要美好,就像她的新生活一样,比想象的要好,结合下文中的“of the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter”可知,这件事情应是对作者的一个有力的“提醒”,故选C项。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·温州中学高三模拟)
Once,in the lively and beautiful ocean,I,a blue whale,1._________
(swim) freely with my fellows in our home,but one day,it was destroyed by a disastrous event that would 2.　　　　　 (permanent) change our lives.
News spread through the underwater currents 3.　　　　　 an alarming rate on Japan’s decision to discharge nuclear-contaminated (核污染的) water into the ocean regardless of other nations’ strong opposition,which reduced us to fear and 4.　　　　　　 (uncertain) as we realized the unavoidable danger we faced.Fish,our companions in the vast blue ocean,began to suffer,whose once elegant movements disappeared.Some floated (漂浮) lifelessly,5.　　　　　　 (become) victims of the attack carried out by the invisible enemy that had entered our home.The delicate balance of our ecosystem 6._________
(upset) seriously and this left our once harmonious community full of sorrow and hopelessness now.
7.　　　　　　 (large) than any other creatures in the ocean,I felt the weight of responsibility on my massive shoulders and therefore called upon my fellow ocean residents to unite to save our
8.　　　　　　 (wound) home.We surfaced to catch the attention of passing ships and sang mournful tunes to touch the hearts of those difference makers,9.　　　　　　 they are.
We’re longing for a world 10.　　　　 the beauty and peace of our ocean would be preserved for future generations.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要以蓝鲸的视角介绍了海洋和海洋中的生物正在经历的悲伤。
1.swam　[考查时态。本文的主体时态是一般过去时,此处也用一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作,故填swam。]
2.permanently　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语修饰动词change,因此需要用所给词的副词形式,故填permanently。]
3.at　[考查介词。此处表示“日本不顾其他国家的强烈反对,决定将核污水排入海洋的消息以惊人的速度随着洋流传播,使我们意识到了无法避免的危险,让我们陷入恐惧和不确定。”at an alarming rate“以惊人的速度”是固定搭配,故填at。]
4.uncertainty　[考查词性转换。and连接两个并列的成分作介词to的宾语。前面用了名词fear,空处也用名词与fear并列,故填uncertainty。]
5.becoming　[考查非谓语动词。一些鱼毫无生气地漂浮着,成了入侵我们家园的无形敌人实施的袭击的受害者。本句已有谓语动词floated,故空处是非谓语动词作结果状语,become是系动词,只能与逻辑主语构成主谓关系,应用现在分词形式,故填becoming。]
6.was upset　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。空处在第一个分句中作谓语,此处仍然讲述过去的事情,故用一般过去时。upset“扰乱”是及物动词,与主语balance是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语是第三人称单数概念,故填was upset。]
7.Larger　[考查比较等级。此处表示“我比海洋中的任何生物都大,所以我感到责任的重担压在我宽阔的肩膀上”,比较级的标志词than表明空处要填比较级,注意首字母大写,故填Larger。]
8.wounded　[考查非谓语动词。此处表示“因此,我呼吁海洋居民们团结起来拯救我们受到伤害的家园。”空处作定语修饰名词home,根据语境和wound的用法可以判断,所给的提示词wound是动词,表示“伤害”,空处应填非谓语动词。wound与被修饰词home是逻辑上的动宾关系,应该用过去分词作前置定语,故填wounded。]
9.whoever　[考查状语从句。此处表示“我们浮出水面以吸引过往船只的注意,唱着悲伤的曲调,希望能触动那些能够做出改变的人们的心弦,无论他们是谁。”分析句子结构可知,空处引导让步状语从句,表示“无论是谁”,且在从句中作表语,故填whoever。]
10.where　[考查定语从句。此处表示“我们渴望一个世界,在这个世界里,海洋的美丽和安宁能够为我们的后代保留下来。”分析句子结构可知,world后是一个限制性定语从句,先行词是表示地点的world,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.2:imaginary adj.想象的;Para.3:operate v.运作;recycled adj.回收的;
Para.5:solution n.解决方案
B Para.1:sensor n.传感器;Para.2:invest v.投资;
Para.3:privacy n.隐私;generate v.生成;
Para.4:agency n.代理;intervention n.干预;reshape v.重塑
熟词 生义 A Para.4:pound　熟义:n.磅;生义:v.敲打
B Para 3:draw　熟义:v.画;生义:v.吸引
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:sit beside坐在旁边;be busy with忙于;
Para.3:natural resources自然资源;
Para.4:throw away扔掉;think of想到;Para.5:take time需要时间
B Para 2:aim to do旨在做某事;put into放入;
Para 3:as secret as像……一样秘密
长 难 句 式 A Para.2:The learning center where Minh Anh Ho and her class are spending their day is designed to introduce kids to working life.
[分析]　这是一个复合句。关系副词where引导定语从句,修饰learning center。
[译文]　学习中心旨在让孩子们了解工作生活,在这里Minh Anh Ho和她的同学们度过了每一天。
长 难 句 式 B Para 3:As these devices increase,they’ll generate vast amounts of neural data,creating a window into our brain states.
[分析]　这是一个复合句。从属连词as引导时间状语从句;现在分词短语creating a window into our brain states作结果状语。
[译文]　随着这些设备的增加,它们将生成大量的神经数据,创造出进入我们大脑状态的窗口。

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