资源简介

选择性必修第三册　UNIT 2　Out of this world
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.microscope n.　 显微镜
2.hydrogen n. 氢,氢气
3.rocket n. 火箭;火箭武器
4.gravity n. 重力,地球引力;严重性;严肃
5.radiation n. 辐射,放射线
6.luxury n. 不常有的乐趣(或享受);奢侈品
7.tube n. 管,管子;软管
8.ceiling n. 天花板;上限
9.shuttle n. 航天飞机;来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车)
vi. 频繁往来(于两地之间)
10.nuclear adj. 核能的,原子能的;核武器的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a piece of floating ice　　 一块浮冰
2.in the circumstances 在这些情况下
3.take pills 吃药
4.of vital importance 极其重要
5.during our leisure time 在我们的闲暇时间
6.protect beautiful creatures 保护美丽的生物
7.crucial scientific advancement 关键的科学进步
8.travel in orbit 在轨道上运行
9.The company is comprised of thirty five workers.该公司由35名工人组成。
10.scan through the newspaper 浏览报纸
11.bother about those problems 为那些问题烦心
12.carry out a mission 执行任务
13.school discipline 校规
14.take shelter from the storm 躲避暴风雨
15.film crew 摄影团队
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.absent adj.　　　 缺席;不在;心不在焉的
absence n. 缺乏,不存在;缺席
2.occupy vt. 占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于
occupation n. 职业;消遣;占领
occupied adj. 忙于;使用中;被占领的
3.evaluate vt. 评估,估计,评价
evaluation n. 评价;评估;估价
4.maintain vt. 维持;继续;维修;主张;供养
maintenance n. 维护,保养;维持,保持
5.expose vt. 揭露,使面临;使曝光
exposure n. 面临,遭受;揭露;报道
6.visible adj. 看得见的;明显的
invisible adj. 看不见的;无形的
7.universe n. 宇宙,天地万物
universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的
8.origin n. 起源,起因;出身
original adj. 原来的;起初的;独创的;原作的
n. 原件;原作
originally adv. 起初
9.frequent adj. 频繁的;经常发生的
frequently adv. 经常;频繁地
frequency n. 发生率,出现率;频繁;频率
10.invest vt.& vi. 投资
investment n. 投资;投入
investor n. 投资者
11.calculate vt. 计算,核算;预测
calculator n. 计算器
calculation n. 计算;估计
12.cover n. 覆盖物;封面;掩护物
vt. 覆盖;遮盖;处理;涉及;包括
coverage n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围
13.assist vt. 帮助;协助
assistant n. 助理;售货员;助教
adj. 助理的,副的
assistance n. 援助,帮助
14.incredible adj. 难以置信的;极好的,极大的
incredibly adv. 极其,极端地;令人难以置信
15.dust n. 沙土,尘土;灰尘,尘埃
dusty adj. 积满灰尘的
16.constant adj. 固定的,不变的;连续发生的,重复的
constantly adv. 不断地;时常地
17.permanent adj. 永久的,永恒的
permanence n. 永久性,持久性;永久
18.agent n. 代理人/商,经纪人
agency n. 机构;代理处
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.come to an end　　　 结束
2.as well as 也;和……一样
3.plain to see 显而易见的
4.in the circumstances 在这种情况下,既然如此
5.look up 仰望;查阅;尊敬
6.due to 由于
7.make sense of 理解;弄懂
8.differ from 与……不同
9.lay the foundation for 为……打下基础
10.a huge amount of 大量的
11.carry out 进行;执行
12.at a time 一次
13.in view of 鉴于,考虑到
14.cast new light on 使进一步了解……
15.a waste of 一种……的浪费
16.long to... 渴望……
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.Due to the near absence of gravity in space,we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around. (so that引导结果状语从句)
由于太空中几乎没有重力,我们必须系住自己,这样才不会四处漂浮。
2.With so much going on,the space station needs a lot of maintenance,so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning. (with复合结构)
空间站上同时进行着这么多事情,需要大量维护工作,所以我们会不断地检查支持系统并做一些清洁。
3.Splendid as the view of the Earth is,spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think. (as引起的倒装)
虽然地球的景色十分壮观,但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
4.That’s why every spacewalk is carefully planned. (why引导表语从句)
那就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每一次太空行走。
5.It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun. (强调句型)
正是通过我们对太空的研究,我们证实了地球是圆的,并且它围绕太阳运行。
词汇横拓串记
后缀 age名词集锦 create家族 “因为;由于”短语一览
①cover→coverage新闻报道 ②short→shortage不足;短缺 ③marry→marriage婚姻 ④pack→package包裹 ⑤pass→passage段落;通道 ①creature n.动物,生物;人 ②create vt.创造;发明 ③creator n.创造者;创作者 ④creation n.创造;创作 ⑤creative adj.有创造力的 ⑥creativity n.创造力 ①due to由于 ②because of因为;由于 ③thanks to多亏;由于 ④owing to由于 ⑤as a result of...因为 ⑥on account of因为
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.in a low gravity environment 在低重力环境中
2.under the microscope 在显微镜下
3.nuclear radiation 核辐射
4.rocket fuel 火箭燃料
5.through a thin tube 通过一根细管
6.stare at the ceiling 凝视天花板
7.the space shuttle 航天飞机
8.liquid hydrogen 液态氢
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.float vi.　　　　 飘动,漂流;浮
vt. 使浮动,使漂流
2.bother vt. 使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰
vi. 花费时间精力(做某事)
n. 麻烦,困难
3.orbit vt.& vi. 围绕……运动,沿轨道运行
n. (天体等运行的)轨道
4.circumstance n. 条件,状况;
(circumstances) 境况,(尤指)经济状况
5.comprise vt. 包括,包含;组成,构成
6.vital adj. 必不可少的,对……极重要的;维持生命所必需的
7.discipline vt. 严格要求(自己);惩罚;训练
n. 训练,纪律;行为准则;自制力
8.leisure n. 闲暇,空闲
9.mission n. 任务;使命,天职;军事行动;太空飞行任务
10.scan vt.& vi. 扫描;细看;浏览
n. 扫描检查;快速查阅
11.shelter n. 居所,住处;庇护
vt. 保护,掩蔽
vi. 躲避
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.absent adj. 缺席;不在;心不在焉的
absence n. 缺乏,不存在;缺席
2.occupy vt. 占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于
occupation n. 职业;消遣;占领
occupied adj. 忙于;使用中;被占领的
3.universe n. 宇宙,天地万物
universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的
4.cover n. 覆盖物;封面;掩护物
vt. 覆盖;遮盖;处理;涉及;包括
coverage n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围
5.expose vt. 揭露,使面临;使曝光
exposure n. 面临,遭受;揭露;报道
6.visible adj. 看得见的;明显的
invisible adj. 看不见的;无形的
7.invest vt.& vi. 投资
investment n. 投资;投入
investor n. 投资者
8.origin n. 起源,起因;出身
original adj. 原来的;起初的;独创的;原作的
n. 原件;原作
originally adv. 起初
9.frequent adj. 频繁的;经常发生的
frequently adv. 经常;频繁地
frequency n. 发生率,出现率;频繁;频率
10.assist vt. 帮助;协助
assistant n. 助理;售货员;助教
adj. 助理的,副的
assistance n. 援助,帮助
11.incredible adj. 难以置信的;极好的,极大的
incredibly adv. 极其,极端地;令人难以置信
12.evaluate vt. 评估,估计,评价
evaluation n. 评价;评估;估价
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.in view of　　　　 鉴于,考虑到
2.come to an end 结束
3.differ from 与……不同
4.in the circumstances 在这种情况下,既然如此
5.a huge amount of 大量的
6.a waste of 一种……的浪费
7.look up 仰望;查阅;尊敬
8.make sense of 理解;弄懂
9.cast new light on 使进一步了解……
10.carry out 进行;执行
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:why引导表语从句
Reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.This is why we should read more classics.
读经典作品能够丰富我们的日常生活,减轻我们的压力。这就是我们应该多读经典作品的原因。
2.句型公式:强调句型
There are always some ups and downs in our lives,but it is these rich experiences that make us stronger. (主旨升华)
生活中总有一些起起伏伏,但正是这些丰富的经历让我们更加坚强。
3.句型公式:with复合结构
On seeing the frightening scene,they were too scared to move an inch,with their hearts beating wildly. (心理描写)
一看到这可怕的场景,他们就吓得动弹不得,心怦怦直跳。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board.
2.Our class is comprised of 30 boys and 25 girls,all of whom demonstrate respect to teachers.
3.The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
4.People planted many trees in this area,sheltering it from strong sand storms.
5.The teacher was scanning the classroom when he noticed Mary.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin,so we should decrease the direct exposure to sunlight. (expose)
2.After the city was occupied by the enemy,his original occupation was gone. (occupy)
3.Originally the book described the origin of hip hop;however,he canceled it from the original. (origin)
4.The program can show us word frequency.So if you frequently see the word,you can memorize it more quickly. (frequent)
5.The assistant is ready to assist others.When you require assistance,he is sure to come. (assist)
Ⅲ.短语填空
look up　in view of　carry out
a huge amount of　make sense of
1.We’re looking forward to seeing the new policy carried out.
2.They raised a huge amount of money to build a shelter for the homeless.
3.I could not make sense of what he said until he told me the story in detail.
4.I looked up into her eyes.She smiled at me,“Thanks.”
5.In view of the terrible weather,the events will be held indoors instead of outdoors.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a heated debate about whether space and universe are worth exploring.
Some people believe that space 1.exploration (explore) demands huge investment,and does nothing 2.to enhance(enhance) the quality of our lives.But others,especially 3.astronauts(astronaut),don’t agree.Living in space is their dream.They expect to finish their mission though it is 4.challenging (challenge).Due to the absence of gravity,they have to attach 5.themselves(they) in order not to float around.They 6.are occupied(occupy) in conducting research and evaluating the effects of low gravity on creatures.For a spacewalk,they must put 7.on their spacesuits to protect them from exposure to the cold and radiation.In view of the low gravity environment,8.it is a luxury to eat fresh food.Sometimes they must take pills to ensure a 9.balanced(balance) supply of nutrients.The results of these space explorations have made major contributions to 10.an understanding of the origin,evolution,and likely future of the universe and it can also motivate the young to become the scientists of the future.
1.absence n.缺乏,不存在;缺席→absent adj.缺席;不在;心不在焉的
佳句背诵　
Once again, I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused by my absence. (道歉信)
再次对我的缺席所造成的不便表示歉意。
in the absence of 不在;缺少
in/during one’s absence 某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
be absent from 不参加;缺席;缺少
absent minded adj. 心不在焉的;健忘的
以练促学　单句写作
①I’m writing to apologize to you for being absent from your birthday party last weekend.(道歉信)　因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对,我写信向你道歉。
②Such is my mother,who is sometimes absent minded,yet always loving. (升华句)
这就是我的妈妈,她有时会健忘,但总是充满爱心。
教考衔接　单句写作
③In the absence of teammate’s instruction,I don’t know how to combine what I’ve learnt with practice. (2022·浙江1月卷)
在没有搭档指导的情况下,我不知道该如何将所学知识与实践相结合。
2.bother vt.使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰 vi.花费时间精力(做某事) n.麻烦,
困难,烦扰
佳句背诵　
I don’t want to bother her with my problems at the moment.
我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。
bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事
bother sb (with/about sth) (为某事)打扰或麻烦某人
It bothers sb that... 使某人苦恼的是……
bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事
以练促学　句式升级/翻译句子
①My best friend Tom has become addicted to playing computer games recently, and it bothers me a lot.
→It bothers me a lot that my best friend Tom has become addicted to playing computer games recently. (it作形式主语)
②别费事来帮我了。我相信我能行。
Don’t bother to come to help me. I’m sure I can manage.
教考衔接　单句写作
③I used to bother her to do many things for me,but she never got impatient with me. (人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
我过去总是麻烦她为我做很多事情,但是她从来都不会对我不耐烦。
3.occupy vt.占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于→occupied adj.忙于;使用中;被占领的→
occupation n.职业;消遣;占领
佳句背诵　
In my spare time, I have been occupied in practising my oral English so I speak English fluently.
(申请信,全国Ⅰ卷)
在我的业余时间,我一直忙于练习我的英语口语,所以我英语说得很流利。
occupy oneself with sth/(in) doing sth 使某人忙于(做)某事
be occupied with sth/(in) doing sth 忙于(做)某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①His father’s occupation (occupy) as a chef inspired him to explore various cuisines and cooking techniques.
②She was too occupied with her research project to join us for lunch.
她忙于她的研究项目,无法加入我们共进午餐。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Because I occupied myself/was occupied in learning how to play the guitar during the summer break,I am more than delighted to share this experience with you. (短文投稿,2023·全国乙卷)
因为暑假期间我一直忙于学习吉他,所以我非常乐意与大家分享这段经历。
4.circumstance n.条件,状况; (circumstances)境况,(尤指)经济状况
佳句背诵　
Feeling embarrassed,I reminded myself that in/under no circumstances would I commit such a mistake again. (2021·浙江1月卷)
我觉得很尴尬,提醒自己在任何情况下我都不会再犯这样的错误了。
in/under the circumstances
在这种情况下,既然如此
in/under no circumstances
决不(置于句首,句子要用部分倒装语序)
if circumstances allow/permit
如果情况允许的话
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Even under/in the circumstances,he still spared no effort to improve himself.
②If circumstances permit/allow,I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.
如果情况允许的话,我会立即采取行动实现我的梦想。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Under/In no circumstances should we destroy the marine environment for personal interest. (短文投稿,2022·全国甲卷)
在任何情况下,我们都不应为了个人利益而破坏海洋环境。
5.comprise vt.包括,包含;组成,构成
佳句背诵　
It is universally acknowledged that life is comprised of not only sunshine but also storms. (主旨升华)
众所周知,生活中不仅有阳光,还有风雨。
由……组成
以练促学　单句写作
①The breakfast,consisting of/comprised of/composed of/made up of porridge and sandwich,smelt extremely delicious. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
早餐由粥和三明治组成,闻起来美味极了。
②Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty.
在那些生活贫困的人中,老年人占有很大的比例。
教考衔接　单句写作
③A traditional Chinese painting exhibition which was comprised of/which was composed of/which was made up of/which consisted of dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art center. (宣传稿,2021·浙江6月卷)
昨天在艺术中心举办了一场由我们同学的几十幅作品组成的中国画展。
片段巩固 用absence;bother;occupy;circumstance;comprise完成片段
写作提示:在某些情况下,为了生活,父母整天忙于工作和各种活动→这让他们没时间陪伴孩子,陪伴缺失使青少年感到烦恼→孩子应该理解家长的不容易→毕竟,家庭仍旧是他们生活中重要的组成部分
　　In some circumstances, to make a living,parents are occupied with work and various activities all the day,which makes them have no time to accompany their children.The absence of company may bother teenagers a lot. Children should understand the difficulties of their parents. After all,the family still comprises an important part of teenagers’ lives.
6.assistant n.助理;售货员;助教adj.助理的,副的;有帮助的→assist v.帮助;协助;援助→
assistance n.援助,帮助;辅助设备
佳句背诵　
Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school,I do believe that I am qualified to be your teaching assistant. (申请信)
我在小学有丰富的教学经验,我相信我有资格成为您的助教。
assist sb to do sth/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb with/in sth 帮助某人做某事
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come/go to one’s assistance 来/去帮助某人
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①I’m wondering if you could assist me in choosing/to choose the suitable topics for the class meeting. (求助信,2021·全国甲卷)
我想知道您是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。
②I’d like to sincerely appreciate your assisting me with my English learning/to learn English/in learning English.Without your assistance,I couldn’t have made such great progress. (感谢信)
我想衷心地感谢您帮助我学习英语。没有您的帮助,我就不可能有那么大的进步。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Whether it’s helping a classmate with their studies, assisting a teacher with classroom duties, or volunteering for community services, Zhang Jian is always there to lend a hand. (人物介绍,2023·天津3月卷)
无论是帮助同学学习、协助老师管理班级,还是参加社区志愿服务,张健都积极地参与其中。
7.carry out执行,实行
佳句背诵　
In a word,these measures are easy to carry out,so let’s take action right now.
总之,这些措施很容易实施,所以让我们现在就采取行动吧。
carry off 赢得;获得;成功地对付
carry through 帮……渡过难关;完成;坚持到底
carry on doing/with sth 继续做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①You’ll have an accident if you carry on driving (drive) like that.
②It was my mother who carried me through my tough time in middle school. (人物介绍)
正是我母亲帮助我度过了中学时期的艰难时光。
教考衔接　单句写作
③He spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous. (人物介绍,2023·全国甲卷)
他不遗余力地进行了一系列改革,使他的国家繁荣了起来。
8.make sense of理解;弄懂
佳句背诵　
I’m writing to request you to recommend some English classics that I can easily make sense of. (求助信)
我写信请求您推荐一些我能够容易理解的英文名著。
make sense 讲得通;有道理;合乎情理
make no sense 没意义
in a sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 决不(用在句首时,句子用部分倒装)
以练促学　词汇升级/句式升级
①Furthermore,you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance,which can help you understand the poems to be learned. make sense of
②We should in no sense give up our dreams even if we are faced with many difficulties.
→In no sense should we give up our dreams even if we are faced with many difficulties. (倒装)
教考衔接　单句写作
③Learning much from it,I came to make sense of why cactus and other dry plants have sharp leaves. (报道,2023·浙江1月卷)
从中学到很多之后,我开始明白为什么仙人掌及其他干旱植物有锋利的叶子。
9.in view of鉴于,考虑到
佳句背诵　
In view of the present situation,we’ll have to revise our original plan.
基于目前这种情况,我们不得不修改原来的计划。
in one’s view=from one’s point of view
在某人看来
have a good view of... 清楚地看到;饱览
come into view 进入视野,映入眼帘
view...as... 把……看作……
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①Liang Sicheng was viewed as one of the best architects of his generation.
②During the trip,we had a good view of (饱览) the blooming flowers,deep valleys and beautiful waterfalls. When we arrived at the peak of the mountain,a tiny cave came into view (映入眼帘).
教考衔接　单句写作
③In view of my family’s awkward situation,I finally determined to hand in all the money I earned. (2021·浙江6月卷)
考虑到我家庭的窘境,我最终决定上交我挣的所有的钱。
片段巩固 用assistant;carry out;make sense of;in view of完成“解决问题”的片段
写作提示:考虑到问题复杂→老师派助手来帮助→认真进行研究→努力理解数据→最终解决问题
　　During work,we need to solve problems every day. But this time,in view of the complex problem, our teacher assigned an assistant to help us. We carried out the research carefully and made sense of all the data.After about three hours,we settled it finally.
句型公式:This/That is why... 这/那是为什么……
课本原句:That’s why every spacewalk is carefully planned.
那就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每一次太空行走。
佳句背诵　
That is why red packets are used during Chinese New Year and other celebrations.
那就是为什么在中国新年和其他庆祝活动中要使用红包。
This/That is why...是常用句型,其中why引导的从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说过的原因进行总结。类似的句式还有:
(1)This/That is because...这/那是因为……
(2)The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)
以练促学　一句多译
①我不能和你外出是因为我必须照顾我生病的爷爷。 (道歉信,2021·北京卷)
→The reason why I fail to go out with you is that I have to care for my sick grandfather.
→I have to care for my sick grandfather.That’s why I fail to go out with you.
→I fail to go out with you.That’s because I have to care for my sick grandfather.
教考衔接　单句写作
②It is important for us to master some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life. That is why I learned how to cook during the May Day holiday. (短文投稿,2023·全国乙卷)
对我们来说,掌握一些基本的生活技能来为我们未来的生活做准备是很重要的。那就是为什么我在五一期间学会了做饭。
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible. vt.使接触;使熏陶
2.She has risen from humble origins to immense wealth. n.出身
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.shelter n.居所,住处;庇护;避难所 vt.保护,掩蔽 vi.躲避
①The solution,of course,was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.(新高考Ⅰ卷) n.庇护
②The sun beat down,so we sat in the shade,sheltering from the sun. vi.躲避
③Rescue workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. n.避难所
④Food,clothing,fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs. n.居所,住处
⑤Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sandstorms. vt.保护,掩蔽
2.occupy vt.占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于
①During the war,Germany occupied many countries,including France. vt.占领,侵占
②Later,I went to a café to have lunch,but all the tables were occupied. vt.占用,使用
③His work occupies him for the whole day. vt.使忙于
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Program evaluations (evaluate)show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
2.Most frequently (frequent),the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
3.That includes huge savings in maintenance (maintain)costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. (2022·全国乙卷)
4.Popularization has in some cases changed the original (origin) meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
5.Occupied (occupy) in his research,he didn’t have time to take part in amusing entertainments.
6.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed (expose) to daylight. (全国Ⅰ卷)
7.The manager had no idea about the plan,for the plan was made in his absence.
8.It is one thing to say losing weight,it’s another thing to carry out the plan.
9.In a sense,human cloning is immoral,which will lead to social problems.
10.My teacher always reminds me that under/in no circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them.
11.He went away from his post in the agency without permission and this was why I was angry with him.
12.He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied himself with a very important experiment.
维度三　完成句子
1.As far as I am concerned,students should do more listening and speaking so that they can develop their communication skills.
在我看来,学生应该多听多说,这样他们就能发展他们的沟通技巧。
2.With the sun setting behind the mountains, they decided to head back to the campsite before it got dark.
随着太阳落山,他们决定在天黑前回到营地。
3.Try hard as he will,he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
尽管他会努力尝试,但他似乎永远都不能满意地完成这项工作。
4.I am glad to hear that you long to improve your Chinese and know more about Chinese culture.
我很高兴听到你渴望提高你的汉语并且了解更多的中国文化。
5.There is no need to look up every new word in the dictionary when you are reading.
阅读的时候,没必要每个生词都查字典。
6.The second part will carry on showing us the benefits of space exploration,such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses.
第二部分将继续向我们展示太空探索的好处,例如为某些疾病的治疗奠定基础。
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(通知——太空探索)
假设你是国际学校的学生会主席李华,为使学生了解更多的航天知识,你校决定举行一次关于航天科学的讲座,请用英语写一则书面通知,内容包括:
1.讲座的时间、地点;
2.讲座的目的及内容;
3.希望同学们踊跃参加。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①鉴于越来越多的学生对太空知识表现出极大的兴趣,本周五下午两点将在学校礼堂举行一场以太空科学为主题的讲座。 (in view of)
In view of more and more students’ showing great interest in space knowledge,a lecture with the theme of space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o’clock this Friday afternoon.
②本讲座主要由三部分组成,第一部分将对我国航天飞行的历史和最近的发射进行新的阐述。(cast new light on,“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句)
The lecture mainly consists of three parts,the first part of which will cast new light on the history of space flights as well as recent launch in our country.
③更好地了解我国航天事业的发展对我们来说具有重要的意义。 (vital,it作形式主语)
It is of vital significance for us to have a better understanding of the development of aerospace industry in our country.
④由同样的专家展示的第二部分将涉及相关的科学效益,如为某些疾病的治疗奠定基础。 (lay the foundation for,过去分词短语作定语)
The second part presented by the same experts will deal with the related scientific benefits,such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses.
⑤最后也是最关键的部分是参与者可以提出他们感兴趣的问题。 (incredibly,crucial,表语从句)
The last but incredibly crucial part is that participants can raise questions they are curious about.
⑥欢迎任何有意了解更多太空知识的同学参加本次讲座。 (motive,定语从句)
Anyone who has a motive for learning more about space is highly welcome to take part in the lecture.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
Notice
In view of more and more students’ showing great interest in space knowledge,a lecture with the theme of space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o’clock this Friday afternoon.
The lecture mainly consists of three parts,the first part of which will cast new light on the history of space flights as well as recent launch in our country.It is of vital significance for us to have a better understanding of the development of aerospace industry in our country.The second part presented by the same experts will deal with the related scientific benefits,such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses.The last but incredibly crucial part is that participants can raise questions they are curious about.
Anyone who has a motive for learning more about space is highly welcome to take part in the lecture.
The Student Council
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:去年夏天,希尔达在一个海洋生物公园做志愿者,帮助训练海豚。她的任务是确保水箱里没有杂物。但有一天,水箱里发现了一块糖纸,这让训练师凯瑟琳误以为是希尔达的失误。为了找出真相,希尔达第二天早上潜入水箱,发现海豚玛雅把物品藏在了过滤箱后面。希尔达最终找出了玛雅藏匿物品的地方,从而澄清了误会。
场景续写1:
“这是玛雅的秘密,”希尔达笑着说→玛雅一直在偷偷地从水箱里收集物品→然后把它们藏在水箱后面的过滤器旁边→凯瑟琳训练她时,她会给凯瑟琳一些物品,以便从凯瑟琳那里得到奖励→希尔达花了很长时间才发现这个秘密→跟踪玛雅可不容易
“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
场景续写2:
凯瑟琳明白了事情的真相→感叹真是一只聪明的海豚→因为玛雅喜欢奖励,所以她们决定一起合作→希尔达悄悄帮玛雅收集一些东西并放到水箱后面的过滤器里→凯瑟琳会给她奖励→海洋生物公园从此充满了温暖与和谐→玛雅在观众面前的表演也越来越好
Now Katherine realized what had been going on.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.“The truth of the matter,”Hilda continued,“is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank,hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank.When you train her,she will give you some items so that she can get treats from you.”“Really How do you know that ” Catherine asked in surprise.Hilda laughed and replied,“It took me a long time to discover this secret,too.It’s not easy to follow Maya.”
Now Katherine realized what had been going on.Catherine thought to herself,this is really a clever dolphin.And she said to Hilda,“Well,Maya loves treats,so we’ll work together,and you’ll secretly help her collect a few things and put them in the filter at the back of the tank.I’ll give her treats,the number of which I can increase.” Hilda replied,“Good idea,let’s do it.” From then on,the Sea Life Park is full of warmth and harmony.Maya’s performance in front of the audience is getting better and better.
　　(全国Ⅱ卷)
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley’s pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first rate photo journalism—if they had been made last week.In fact,they were shot from 1914 through 1916,most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难),by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest,under freezing water,in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance,a small,tight,Norwegian built three master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists,27 men in all,to the southernmost shore of Antarctica’s Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well researched story The Endurance,adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scott’s last journey,completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger,caught the world’s imagination,and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton,a onetime British merchant navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908,started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley,a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images,most of which have never before been published.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了1914年到1916年间,一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难,其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片,并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
33.What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley
A.They were made last week.
B.They showed undersea sceneries.
C.They were found by a cameraman.
D.They recorded a disastrous adventure.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句可知,这些照片记录了一次灾难性的冒险,故选D项。]
34.Who reached the South Pole first according to the text
A.Frank Hurley.
B.Ernest Shackleton.
C.Robert Falcon Scott.
D.Caroline Alexander.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“From that point Shackleton wanted to...in 1912”可推知Captain Robert Falcon Scott是第一个到达南极的人。故选C项。]
35.What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage
A.Artistic creation.
B.Scientific research.
C.Money making.
D.Treasure hunting.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段可知这个作家在她的小说The Endurance中说,在那时,探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thoroughly commercial effort)了,因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(money making),故选C项。]
思维建模
推理判断题中的正确选项特征
立足原文,只推一步
即根据原文内容,一步即可推知答案,无需过度发挥。
以例示法(如34题)
根据第三段可知,被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Robert Falcon Scott船长先前的探险更大的收获,该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Robert Falcon Scott是最先到达南极的人,故选C项。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:collection n.收藏品;voyage n.航行; Para.2:outstanding adj.杰出的;expectation n.期望;image n.图像;freezing adj.冰冻的;wooden adj.木制的;Para.3:crew n.全体船员;companion n.同伴;Para.4:commercial adj.商业的;imagination n.想象 Para.1:a collection of一系列的;bring back to life使复活;Para.2:under freezing water在冰水下; Para.3:intend to do sth计划做某事; on the march back在返回途中;Para.4:make clear表明; in one’s honor为了纪念
析 长 难 语 句 Para.4:Shackleton,a onetime British merchant navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908,started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. [句式分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为主谓宾状结构。同位语a onetime British merchant navy officer... in 1908解释说明Shackleton;关系代词who引导定语从句,修饰officer。 [尝试翻译]　沙克尔顿曾是一名英国商船队军官,1908年时曾到达距南极100英里以内的地方。他在1914年航行前创办了一家公司,以通过电影和静态摄影赚钱。 [语言赏析]　句子通过时间线来组织信息,先提及1908年沙克尔顿的探险经历,随后引出1914年的商业行动。这种时间上的层次结构,使得事件的发展脉络清晰,并且强调了他从探险到商业转变的动机。
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·嘉兴高三模拟)
A One woman Cinderella Show
Is Coming to Fairfield
A one woman show that reimagines the classic fairytale Cinderella is coming to the Fairfield Community Arts Center.The Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati will present Cinderella Wore Cowboy Boots for one night only on Jan.26.The traveling show is for children ages 4 and up and promises “knee slapping” comedic moments and heartwarming life lessons.
“I love children’s theatre,” says Rosvic Siason,who plays Cinderella.“Kids are our future and we introduce them to these stories.We all have situations at one point in our life that look like this conversation.It just kind of helps you develop your brain and learn how to think as a developing person.It’s really important to expose kids to theatre and well rounded actors they can talk to for guidance.”
These one man,one woman shows have so much beauty because it is very raw.People actually follow along much easier than you think.It’s easy to share a feeling.They will be expected to interact,deliver lines and repeat after Cinderella throughout the production.Cinderella Wore Cowboy Boots will deliver a funny,meaningful twist on the classic fairytale that encourages audiences to expand their imagination.
“Using imagination helps kids to think of things in more ways than one,” Siason says.“It opens them up and makes them think,‘Hey,this is one way this could work.’Or,‘I could try this way,’and then see what happens.”
Visit fairfieldcity.org for tickets and more information.
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了一个即将在费尔菲尔德社区艺术中心上演的《灰姑娘》改编剧目。
1.What is Cinderella Wore Cowboy Boots
A.A book. B.A theatre.
C.A performance. D.A lesson.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第一段“The Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati ...on Jan.26.”可知,Cinderella Wore Cowboy Boots是一场表演,故选C项。]
2.What does Siason think of stories in children’s theatre
A.They can offer temporary amusement.
B.They can help deal with life’s challenges.
C.They can allow individuals to avoid reality.
D.They can provide opportunities to make friends.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It just kind of helps you develop...well rounded actors they can talk to for guidance.”和第四段内容可以推测出,Siason认为儿童戏剧中的故事可以帮助应对生活中的挑战,故选B项。]
3.What might Siason encourage children to do
A.Stick to the rules.
B.Dare to dream big.
C.Always follow the crowd.
D.Think outside the box.
答案　D　[推断判断题。根据第四段可知,Siason认为运用想象力可以帮助孩子以不止一种方式思考事物,因此她可能会鼓励孩子们跳出思维定势,以多种角度思考问题,故选D项。]
(2025·南京、盐城高三模拟二)
“Anxiety”.The very word invites discomfort.Its effects—shortness of breath,a pounding heart,muscle tension—are outright upsetting.But,as a clinician,I find that we tend to miss out on many valuable opportunities presented by this human emotion.In and of itself,anxiety is not deadly,nor is it a disease.Quite the contrary,it is an indicator of brain and sensory health.Once we accept that it is a normal,though uncomfortable,part of life,we can use it to help us.
We all know working out at the gym is hard.By nature,a “good workout” is uncomfortable,since it involves pushing our physical strength past what we can easily do.The sweet spot of exercise is always a somewhat challenging experience.Similarly,if you want to be emotionally stronger,you need to face some tension.For example,one effective treatment for fear is exposure therapy (疗法),which involves gradually encountering things that make one anxious,reducing fear over time.
Humans are social creatures.When my patients learn to open up to their partners about their anxiety,they almost always report a greater sense of emotional closeness.Also,as international relationship expert Sue Johnson teaches,when we express our need for connection during challenging moments (e.g.,“I’m having a hard time right now and I really need your support”),it creates greater connection and turns our anxiety into love.
From time to time,we find ourselves at the end of our rope.Our responsibilities pile up,our resources break down,and we feel uncomfortably anxious—what we’re experiencing is called stress.Simply put,the demands placed upon us outweigh our available resources,just like a set of scales (天平) going out of balance.Focusing on work and pretending everything is OK only lead to disastrous results.Medical treatment for stress may function for a while,but it tends to make things worse in the long run.The only solution to deal with stress is to do the mathematics to balance the scales.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了对焦虑的正确认识应是什么,并讲述了缓解压力的方法,如表达焦虑和增加可用资源等。
4.What does the author say about anxiety
A.It is an invitation to diseases.
B.It indicates stable mental health.
C.It costs us many valuable chances.
D.It is a natural emotional expression.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In and of itself...it is an indicator of brain and sensory health.”可知,焦虑本身并不是致命的,也不是一种疾病。恰恰相反,它是大脑和感官健康的一个指标。由此可知,作者认为焦虑是人类的一种自然的情感表达,故选D项。]
5.Why does the author mention “good workout” in paragraph 2
A.To prove how exercise influences emotions.
B.To suggest an effective way to challenge limits.
C.To explain how anxiety builds emotional strength.
D.To show a positive connection between mind and body.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By nature,a ‘good workout’ is uncomfortable...you need to face some tension.”可知,作者认为“良好的锻炼”本质上是不舒服的,因为激发我们身体的潜能、达到运动最佳值总是富有挑战。与此相似的是,若想在情感上更强大就需要经历一些紧张(训练)。由此可知,作者提到良好的“锻炼”,是为了解释焦虑是如何增强情感的力量的,故选C项。]
6.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The key to closeness is partners’ support.
B.Sharing anxiety improves relationships.
C.Humans are defined by their social nature.
D.Expressing feelings keeps us off anxiety.
答案　B　[段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了作者的病人在学着向伴侣表达焦虑时,他们几乎总会获得更大程度上的情感上的亲近;再根据人际关系专家Sue Johnson所教可推知,第三段主要讲述了分享焦虑能够改善关系,故选B项。]
7.According to the last paragraph,how can we deal with stress
A.Devote more energy to our work.
B.Increase resources available to us.
C.Seek professional medical treatment.
D.Master advanced mathematical skills.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Simply put,the demands...a set of scales(天平) going out of balance.”可知,简而言之,压力就是我们面临的需求超过了可用的资源,导致失去平衡。再结合该段中的“The only solution to deal...to balance the scales.”可推知,处理压力时,我们可以增加可用的资源来实现平衡,故选B项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·沧州高三模拟)
Last year,my younger brother Darrin tore the old engine out of his Dodge Challenger.Then he 　1　 it piece by piece,and put it back together again all by himself.He was 16.All he 　2　 was a Chilton’s shop manual for the car,his own curiosity,and a strong desire to 　3　 how things worked.
Later,I asked him about this 　4　 and how he made it.His answer was 　5　—he just did it.He wanted a new car and couldn’t afford to buy another one,so this was really his only 　6　.He had nothing to lose and was highly 　7　 to make the engine work.He 　8　 with it,paid close attention to how he took it apart,made a lot of mistakes,and reached points where he wasn’t 　9　 what to do next.When that happened,he asked a friend or a friend’s dad for 　10　,tried this and tried that,until he finished the work.To me it was a(n) 　11　 achievement.
Our 　12　 to do hard things increases when we try doing those hard things.It is 　13　 limited by our own will and imagination.We learn by trying,by making mistakes,and by 　14　 help from those who know more sometimes just a little more than we do.
Never 　15　 trying new things.The more one does,the more one can do.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从弟弟身上学到的一个人生道理:我们做的事情越多,我们能做的事情就越多。永远不要停止尝试新事物。
1.A.discovered B.rebuilt
C.donated D.reserved
答案　B　[句意:然后他一块一块地把它重新安在一起,又一个人把它重新组装起来。discover发现;rebuild组装,重建;donate捐赠;reserve预订。根据上文“Last year,my younger brother Darrin tore the old engine out of his Dodge Challenger.(去年,我弟弟达林把他的道奇挑战者的旧引擎给拆了)”可知,弟弟把玩具拆了,然后又组装了起来,故选B项。]
2.A.detected B.preferred
C.occupied D.had
答案　D　[句意:他所拥有的只有一本奇尔顿的汽车使用手册,他自己的好奇心,以及想弄清楚汽车是如何工作的强烈愿望。detect检测;prefer偏爱;occupy占据;have有。根据后文“was a Chilton’s shop manual for the car”可知,此处是指弟弟所拥有的关于组装的东西只有一本手册,故选D项。]
3.A.figure out B.give away
C.bring up D.rule out
答案　A　[句意同上。figure out弄清楚;give away赠送;bring up抚养;rule out消除。根据上文“his own curiosity,and a strong desire to”可知,弟弟好奇心强,因此想弄清楚汽车是如何工作的,故选A项。]
4.A.property B.campaign
C.guide D.project
答案　D　[句意:后来,我问他关于这个项目的问题以及他是如何做到的。property财产;campaign运动;guide指导;project项目。该题属于“大思维跨越”题,根据上一段描述可知,此处指弟弟把他的道奇挑战者的旧引擎拆掉然后重组这件事,故选D项。]
5.A.correct B.serious
C.simple D.funny
答案　C　[句意:他的回答很简单——他就这么做了。correct正确的;serious严肃的;simple简单的;funny有趣的。根据上文“I asked him”以及下文“he just did it”及所给单词可知,此处是指“他的答案很简单”,故选C项。]
6.A.luck B.option
C.requirement D.relaxation
答案　B　[句意:他想要一辆新车,又买不起另一辆,所以这是他唯一的选择。luck运气;option选择;requirement要求;relaxation放松。根据上文“He wanted a new car and couldn’t afford to buy another one”可知,此处是指“这是他唯一的选择”,故选B项。]
7.A.expected B.forced
C.convinced D.motivated
答案　D　[句意:他没有什么可失去的,并且非常积极地让引擎工作。expect期待;force迫使;convince说服;motivate激励。根据上文“He had nothing to lose and was highly”及所给单词可知,此处是指“他没有什么可失去的,并且非常积极地让引擎工作”,短语be motivated to do sth意为“有动力做某事”,故选D项。]
8.A.communicated B.competed
C.experimented D.disagreed
答案　C　[句意:他对它进行了实验,密切关注如何将其拆开,犯了很多错误,并达到了他不确定下一步该怎么做的地步。communicate交流;compete比赛;experiment实验;disagree不同意。根据后文“paid close attention to how he took it apart,made a lot of mistakes”可知,作者的弟弟在拆装汽车时,是进行了一番尝试和试验的,故选C项。]
9.A.sure B.afraid
C.curious D.satisfied
答案　A　[句意同上。sure确信的;afraid害怕的;curious好奇的;satisfied满足的。根据后文“what to do next”以及弟弟犯了很多错误,可知此处是指他不确定下一步该怎么做,故选A项。]
10.A.permission B.courage
C.advice D.reward
答案　C　[句意:当这种情况发生时,他向朋友或朋友的父亲征求意见,试了这个,试了那个,直到他完成了工作。permission允许;courage勇气;advice建议;reward奖励。根据上文“what to do next”可知,弟弟不知道该怎么办,因此此处应是指他向朋友或者朋友的父亲寻求建议,故选C项。]
11.A.amazing B.common
C.confusing D.strange
答案　A　[句意:对我来说,这是一项了不起的成就。amazing惊人的;common共同的;confusing令人困惑的;strange奇怪的。该题属于“大思维跨越”题,根据上文可知弟弟只有一本手册,凭借实验和求助他人完成了组装,因此于作者而言,这是一项了不起的成就,故选A项。]
12.A.anxiety B.capacity
C.income D.impatience
答案　B　[句意:当我们尝试做这些困难的事情时,我们做这些困难事情的能力就会增强。anxiety焦虑;capacity能力;income收入;impatience不耐烦。根据后文“The more one does,the more one can do.”以及上文弟弟组装玩具的故事可知,当我们尝试做这些困难的事情时,我们做这些困难事情的能力就会增强,故选B项。]
13.A.rarely B.necessarily
C.originally D.mostly
答案　D　[句意:它主要受限于我们自己的意志和想象力。rarely很少;necessarily必定;originally起初;mostly多半。该题属于“大思维跨越”题,上文提到,作者的弟弟在拆装汽车时非常有意志力和求知欲。本句从反面强调,能否完成艰苦的工作,主要受限于我们的意志力和想象力,故选D项。]
14.A.seeking B.offering
C.affording D.avoiding
答案　A　[句意:我们从尝试中学习,从犯错误中学习,从那些比我们懂得多一点的人那里寻求帮助。seek寻找;offer提供;afford买得起;avoid避免。根据下文“help from those who know more sometimes just a little more than we do”可知,seeking符合语境,意为“向知道得更多的人寻求帮助”,故选A项。]
15.A.admit B.stop
C.fancy D.keep
答案　B　[句意:永远不要停止尝试新事物。admit承认;stop停止;fancy喜爱;keep保持。根据后文“The more one does,the more one can do.”可知,作者认为永远不要停止尝试新事物,故选B项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·山西名校高三模拟)
People worldwide have enjoyed noodles for thousands of years.But did you ever stop
1.　　　　　　 (think):who made the very first noodle People first started 2. 　　　　　　(grow) wheat and making flour in the Middle East around 10,000 years ago.However,until 2002,no evidence of ancient noodles had been uncovered.Archaeologists discovered an upside down clay bowl in the
3.　　　　　　 (ruin) of an ancient Chinese village.When they lifted it,they found a 4,000 year old noodle.This “mummy” noodle 4.　　　　　　 (make) from grain.Traders brought wheat
5.　　　　　　 China about the time this ancient noodle was cooked.The Chinese
6.　　　　　　 (eventual) mastered the art of stretching wheat dough (面团) into long noodles.
Some people claim that Marco Polo brought pasta (意粉) to Italy.The tale of his discovery was likely enhanced to promote pasta consumption in America.Marco Polo’s writings suggest that noodles were already present in Italy during his time,as he compared Chinese noodles to 7.　　　　　　 (that) in Italy.The Middle East also played a 8.　　　　　　 (significance) role in noodle history.The oldest written mention of pasta outside China dates back about 1,600 years in the Middle East.Dried noodles were a popular travel food in the region and beyond,making them a likely prospect for spreading the noodle recipe to other parts of 9.　　　　　　 world.
So who REALLY invented noodles We may never know—the history of noodles is as complicated as a bowl of pasta.But 10.　　　　　　 invented them,we’re sure glad they did!
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了面条发展的相关历史。
1.to think　[考查非谓语动词。句意:但你有没有停下来想过:是谁做了第一份面条 分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作宾语,根据“stop to do sth”意为“停下来去干某事”可知,此处应为动词不定式形式作宾语,故填to think。]
2.growing　[考查非谓语动词。句意:大约一万年前,中东地区的人们开始种植小麦以及制作面粉。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作宾语,根据并列连词and前后动词形式应该一致可知,and后为动词 ing形式,所以and前也应为动词 ing形式,故填growing。]
3.ruins　[考查名词的数。句意:考古学家在一个中国古村落的废墟中发现了一个倒置的陶碗。分析句子结构可知,此处应为名词作宾语,ruin为可数名词,结合句意可知,此处表示“废墟”,所以应使用ruin的复数形式,故填ruins。]
4.was made　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:这种“木乃伊”面条是由谷物制成的。分析句子结构可知,此处应为谓语动词,根据上文可知,此处描述的事情发生在过去,且make与句子主语This “mummy” noodle之间为被动关系,因此,此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态,且句子主语为名词单数形式,故填was made。]
5.to　[考查介词。句意:大约在煮制这种古老的面条的时候,商人们把小麦带到了中国。分析句子结构可知,此处应为固定短语“bring...to...”,该短语意为“把……带到……”,符合句意,故填to。]
6.eventually　[考查词性转换。句意:中国人最终掌握了将小麦面团拉成长面的技艺。分析句子结构可知,此处应为副词作状语修饰谓语动词mastered,故填eventually。]
7.those　[考查代词。句意:马可·波罗将中国的面条与意大利的面条进行了比较,他的著作表明面条在他那个时代就已经出现在意大利了。分析句子结构可知,此处应为代词作宾语,结合句意可知,此处指代前文的noodles,所以此处应为that的复数形式,故填those。]
8.significant　[考查词性转换。句意:中东在面条历史上也发挥了重要作用。分析句子结构可知,此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词role,故填significant。]
9.the　[考查冠词。句意:干面在该地区及其他地区是一种受欢迎的旅行食品,这使得他们有可能将面条配方传播到世界的其他地方。分析句子结构可知,world为可数名词,其前无限定词,所以此处应该用冠词,结合句意可知,此处表示特指,所以使用定冠词,故填the。]
10.whoever　[考查状语从句。句意:但无论是谁发明了它们,我们都很高兴他们做到了!分析句子结构可知,此处应为连词引导状语从句,结合句意可知,此处为连词引导的让步状语从句,且在从句中作主语,表示“不论是谁”,所以使用连词whoever或者是no matter who,因无提示词只能填一个词,故填whoever。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:classic adj.经典的;knee slapping adj.令人大笑的;heartwarming adj.暖心的; Para.2:well rounded adj.全面发展的;guidance n.指导;Para.3:interact v.互动
B Para.1:clinician n.临床医师;contrary adj.与之相异的;相对立的,相反的;Para.2:similarly adv.相似地;类似地;差不多地;encounter v.遭遇,遇到(尤指令人不快或困难的事);Para.4:outweigh v.重于;大于;超过
A Para.1:present　熟义:n.礼物;生义:v.呈现;展示
B Para.1:invite　熟义:v.邀请;请求;生义:v.招致(尤指坏事)
词 块 积 累 A Para.3:deliver lines讲台词;repeat after跟读;Para.4:more ways than one不止一种方式
B Para.1:miss out on错失;Para.4:out of balance失去平衡;in the long run从长远来看
长 难 句 式 A Para.2:We all have situations at one point in our life that look like this conversation. [分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为“主谓宾”结构;定语从句that look like this conversation修饰先行词situations。 [译文]　我们都会在人生的某个时刻遇到类似这种对话的情况。(共168张PPT)
UNIT 2　Out of this world
选择性必修第三册
主题语境:地球与宇宙奥秘、探索
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.microscope n. 显微镜
2.hydrogen n. 氢,氢气
3.rocket n. 火箭;火箭武器
4.gravity n. 重力,地球引力;严重性;严肃
5.radiation n. 辐射,放射线
6.luxury n. 不常有的乐趣(或享受);奢侈品
7.tube n. 管,管子;软管
8.ceiling n. 天花板;上限
9.shuttle n. 航天飞机;来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车)
vi. 频繁往来(于两地之间)
10.nuclear adj. 核能的,原子能的;核武器的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a piece of floating ice一块浮冰
2.in the circumstances 在这些情况下
3.take pills 吃药
4.of vital importance 极其重要
5.during our leisure time在我们的闲暇时间
6.protect beautiful creatures 保护美丽的生物
7.crucial scientific advancement 关键的科学进步
8.travel in orbit 在轨道上运行
9.The company is comprised of thirty-five workers.
该公司由35名工人组成。
10.scan through the newspaper 浏览报纸
11.bother about those problems 为那些问题烦心
12.carry out a mission 执行任务
13.school discipline 校规
14.take shelter from the storm 躲避暴风雨
15.film crew 摄影团队
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.absent adj. 缺席;不在;心不在焉的
　absence n. 缺乏,不存在;缺席
2.occupy vt. 占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于
　occupation n. 职业;消遣;占领
　occupied adj. 忙于;使用中;被占领的
3.evaluate vt. 评估,估计,评价
　evaluation n. 评价;评估;估价
4.maintain vt. 维持;继续;维修;主张;供养
　maintenance n. 维护,保养;维持,保持
5.expose vt. 揭露,使面临;使曝光
　exposure n. 面临,遭受;揭露;报道
6.visible adj. 看得见的;明显的
　invisible adj. 看不见的;无形的
7.universe n. 宇宙,天地万物
　universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的
8.origin n. 起源,起因;出身
　original adj. 原来的;起初的;独创的;原作的
　　　　　n. 原件;原作
　originally adv. 起初
9.frequent adj. 频繁的;经常发生的
　frequently adv. 经常;频繁地
　frequency n. 发生率,出现率;频繁;频率
10.invest vt.& vi. 投资
　investment n. 投资;投入
　investor n. 投资者
11.calculate vt. 计算,核算;预测
　calculator n. 计算器
　calculation n. 计算;估计
12.cover n. 覆盖物;封面;掩护物
　　　 vt. 覆盖;遮盖;处理;涉及;包括
　coverage n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围
13.assist vt. 帮助;协助
　assistant n. 助理;售货员;助教
　　　　adj. 助理的,副的
　assistance n. 援助,帮助
14.incredible adj. 难以置信的;极好的,极大的
　incredibly adv. 极其,极端地;令人难以置信
15.dust n. 沙土,尘土;灰尘,尘埃
　dusty adj. 积满灰尘的
16.constant adj. 固定的,不变的;连续发生的,重复的
　constantly adv. 不断地;时常地
17.permanent adj. 永久的,永恒的
　permanence n. 永久性,持久性;永久
18.agent n. 代理人/商,经纪人
　agency n. 机构;代理处
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.come to an end 结束
2.as well as 也;和……一样
3.plain to see 显而易见的
4.in the circumstances 在这种情况下,既然如此
5.look up 仰望;查阅;尊敬
6.due to 由于
7.make sense of 理解;弄懂
8.differ from 与……不同
9.lay the foundation for 为……打下基础
10.a huge amount of 大量的
11.carry out 进行;执行
12.at a time 一次
13.in view of 鉴于,考虑到
14.cast new light on 使进一步了解……
15.a waste of 一种……的浪费
16.long to... 渴望……
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.Due to the near absence of gravity in space,we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.(so that引导结果状语从句)
　由于太空中几乎没有重力,我们必须系住自己,这样才不会四处漂浮。
2.With so much going on,the space station needs a lot of maintenance,　so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.
(with复合结构)
　空间站上同时进行着这么多事情,需要大量维护工作,所以我们会不断地检查支持系统并做一些清洁。
3.Splendid as the view of the Earth is,spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.(as引起的倒装)
　虽然地球的景色十分壮观,但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
4.That’s why every spacewalk is carefully planned.(why引导表语从句)
　那就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每一次太空行走。
5.It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.(强调句型)
　正是通过我们对太空的研究,我们证实了地球是圆的,并且它围绕太阳运行。
词汇横拓串记
后缀-age名词集锦 create家族 “因为;由于”短语一览
①cover→coverage新闻报道 ②short→shortage不足;短缺 ③marry→marriage婚姻 ④pack→package包裹 ⑤pass→passage段落;通道 ①creature n.动物,生物;人 ②create vt.创造;发明 ③creator n.创造者;创作者 ④creation n.创造;创作 ⑤creative adj.有创造力的 ⑥creativity n.创造力 ①due to由于
②because of因为;由于
③thanks to多亏;由于
④owing to由于
⑤as a result of...因为
⑥on account of因为
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.in a low-gravity environment 在低　　　　　　环境中
2.under the microscope 在　　　　　　下
3.nuclear radiation 核　　　　　
4.rocket fuel 　　　　　　燃料
5.through a thin tube 通过一根细　　　　　
重力
Step One　写一写
显微镜
辐射
火箭
管
6.stare at the ceiling 凝视　　　　　
7.the space shuttle 　　　　　
8.liquid hydrogen 液态　　　　　
天花板
航天飞机
氢
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 vi.　飘动,漂流;浮
vt. 使浮动,使漂流
2.　　　　　　 vt. 使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰
vi. 花费时间精力(做某事)
n. 麻烦,困难
float
bother
3.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.围绕……运动,沿轨道运行
n. (天体等运行的)轨道
4.　　　　　　 n. 条件,状况;
(　 　　　　　) 境况,(尤指)经济状况
5.　　　　　　 vt. 包括,包含;组成,构成
6.　　　　　　 adj. 必不可少的,对……极重要的;
维持生命所必需的
orbit
circumstance
circumstances
comprise
vital
7.　　　　　　 vt. 严格要求(自己);惩罚;训练
n. 训练,纪律;行为准则;自制力
8.　　　　　　 n. 闲暇,空闲
9.　　　　　　 n. 任务;使命,天职;军事行动;太空飞行任务
discipline
leisure
mission
10.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.扫描;细看;浏览
n. 扫描检查;快速查阅
11.　　　　　　 n. 居所,住处;庇护
vt. 保护,掩蔽
vi. 躲避
scan
shelter
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 adj. 缺席;不在;心不在焉的
　　　　　　　 n. 缺乏,不存在;缺席
2.　　　　　　 vt. 占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于
　　　　　　　 n. 职业;消遣;占领
　　　　　　　 adj. 忙于;使用中;被占领的
absent
absence
occupy
occupation
occupied
3.　　　　　　 n. 宇宙,天地万物
　　　　　　　 adj. 普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的
4.　　　　　　 n. 覆盖物;封面;掩护物
　　　　　　　vt. 覆盖;遮盖;处理; 涉及;包括
　　　　　　　 n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围
5.　　　　　　 vt. 揭露,使面临;使曝光
　　　　　　　 n. 面临,遭受;揭露;报道
universe
universal
cover
coverage
expose
exposure
6.　　　　　　 adj. 看得见的;明显的
　　　　　　　 adj. 看不见的;无形的
7.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.投资
　　　　　　　 n. 投资;投入
　　　　　　　 n. 投资者
visible
invisible
invest
investment
investor
8.　　　　　　 n. 起源,起因;出身
　　　　　　　 adj. 原来的;起初的;独创的;原作的
　　　　　　　n. 原件;原作
　　　　　　　 adv. 起初
9.　　　　　　 adj. 频繁的;经常发生的
　　　　　　　 adv. 经常;频繁地
　　　　　　　 n. 发生率,出现率;频繁;频率
origin
original
originally
frequent
frequently
frequency
10.　　　　　　 vt. 帮助;协助
　　　　　　　 n. 助理;售货员;助教
　　　　　　adj. 助理的,副的
　　　　　　　 n. 援助,帮助
11.　　　　　　 adj. 难以置信的;极好的,极大的
　　　　　　　 adv. 极其,极端地;令人难以置信
12.　　　　　　 vt. 评估,估计,评价
　　　　　　　 n. 评价;评估;估价
assist
assistant
assistance
incredible
incredibly
evaluate
evaluation
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.　　　　　　　　　鉴于,考虑到
2.　　　　　　　 结束
3.　　　　　　　 与……不同
4.　 　　　　　　 在这种情况下,既然如此
5.　　　 　　　　 大量的
6.　　　　　　　 一种……的浪费
in view of
come to an end
differ from
in the circumstances
a huge amount of
a waste of
7.look up 　　　　　　　
8.make sense of 　　　　　　　
9.cast new light on 　　　　　　　
10.carry out 　　　　　　　
仰望; 查阅; 尊敬
理解; 弄懂
使进一步了解……
进行; 执行
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:why引导表语从句
　Reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 . 读经典作品能够丰富我们的日常生活,减轻我们的压力。这就是我们应该多读经典作品的原因。
This is why we should read more classics
2.句型公式:强调句型
　There are always some ups and downs in our lives,but
　 　　　　　.(主旨升华)
生活中总有一些起起伏伏,但正是这些丰富的经历让我们更加坚强。
it is these rich experiences that make us stronger
3.句型公式:with复合结构
On seeing the frightening scene,they were too scared to move an inch,　 　　　　.(心理描写)
一看到这可怕的场景,他们就吓得动弹不得,心怦怦直跳。
with their hearts beating wildly
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.It o　　　　　　 Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board.
2.Our class is c　　　　　　 of 30 boys and 25 girls,all of whom demonstrate respect to teachers.
3.The school has a reputation for high standards of d　　　　　　.
rbits
Step Two　练一练
omprised
iscipline
4.People planted many trees in this area,s　　　　　　 it from strong sand storms.
5.The teacher was s　　　　　　 the classroom when he noticed Mary.
heltering
canning
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Being 　　　　　　to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin,so we should decrease the direct 　　　　　　to sunlight.(expose)
2.After the city was 　　　　　　by the enemy,his original
　　　　　　was gone.(occupy)
exposed
exposure
occupied
occupation
3.　　　　　　 the book described the 　　　　　　 of hip-hop;however,he canceled it from the 　　　　　　.(origin)
4.The program can show us word 　　　　　　.So if you
　　　　　　see the word,you can memorize it more quickly.(frequent)
5.The 　　　　　　is ready to 　　　　　　others.When you require 　　　　　　, he is sure to come.(assist)
Originally
origin
original
frequency
frequently
assistant
assist
assistance
Ⅲ.短语填空
look up　in view of　carry out　a huge amount of　make sense of
1.We're looking forward to seeing the new policy 　　　　　 　.
2.They raised 　 　　　　money to build a shelter for the homeless.
3.I could not 　　　　　　what he said until he told me the story in detail.
carried out
a huge amount of
make sense of
4.I 　　　　　　into her eyes.She smiled at me,“Thanks.”
5.　　　　　　 the terrible weather,the events will be held indoors instead of outdoors.
looked up
In view of
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a heated debate about whether space and universe are worth exploring.
Some people believe that space 1.　　　　　 (explore) demands huge investment,and does nothing 2.　　　　　　(enhance) the quality of our lives.But others,especially 3.　　　　　　(astronaut),
exploration
to enhance
astronauts
don't agree.Living in space is their dream.They expect to finish their mission though it is 4.　　　　　　(challenge).Due to the absence of gravity,they have to attach 5.　　　　　　 (they) in order not to float around.They 6.　　　　　　(occupy) in conducting research and evaluating the effects of low gravity on creatures.For a spacewalk,they must put 7.　　　　　　 their spacesuits to protect them from exposure to the cold and radiation.In view of the low-gravity
challenging
themselves
are occupied
on
environment,8.　　　　　　 is a luxury to eat fresh food.Sometimes they must take pills to ensure a 9.　　　　　　(balance) supply of nutrients.The results of these space explorations have made major contributions to 10.　　　　　　 understanding of the origin, evolution,and likely future of the universe and it can also motivate the young to become the scientists of the future.
it
balanced
an
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.2 写作迁移
1.absence n.缺乏,不存在;缺席→absent adj.缺席;不在;心不在焉的
佳句背诵　
Once again, I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused by my absence.(道歉信)
再次对我的缺席所造成的不便表示歉意。
in the absence of 不在;缺少
in/during one’s absence 某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
be absent from 不参加;缺席;缺少
absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的;健忘的
以练促学　单句写作
①　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 your birthday party last weekend.(道歉信)
因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对,我写信向你道歉。
②Such is my mother,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ,
yet always loving.(升华句)
这就是我的妈妈,她有时会健忘,但总是充满爱心。
I'm writing to apologize to you for being absent from
who is sometimes absent-minded
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I don’t know how to combine what I’ve learnt with practice.(2022·浙江1月卷)
在没有搭档指导的情况下,我不知道该如何将所学知识与实践相结合。
In the absence of teammate's instruction
2.bother vt.使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰 vi.花费时间精
力(做某事) n.麻烦, 困难,烦扰
佳句背诵　
I don’t want to bother her with my problems at the moment.
我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。
bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事
bother sb (with/about sth) (为某事)打扰或麻烦某人
It bothers sb that... 使某人苦恼的是……
bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事
以练促学　句式升级/翻译句子
①My best friend Tom has become addicted to playing computer games recently, and it bothers me a lot.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 my best friend Tom has become addicted to playing computer games recently.(it作形式主语)
②别费事来帮我了。我相信我能行。
　　
It bothers me a lot that
Don't bother to come to help me. I'm sure I can manage.
教考衔接　单句写作
③I used to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　,
but she never got impatient with me.(人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
我过去总是麻烦她为我做很多事情,但是她从来都不会对我不耐烦。
bother her to do many things for me
3.occupy vt.占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于→occupied adj.忙于;
使用中;被占领的→occupation n.职业;消遣;占领
佳句背诵　
In my spare time, I have been occupied in practising my oral English so I speak English fluently.(申请信,全国Ⅰ卷) 在我的业余时间,我一直忙于练习我的英语口语,所以我英语说得很流利。
occupy oneself with sth/(in) doing sth 使某人忙于(做)某事
be occupied with sth/(in) doing sth 忙于(做)某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①His father’s 　　　　　　(occupy) as a chef inspired him to explore various cuisines and cooking techniques.
②She was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 for lunch.
她忙于她的研究项目,无法加入我们共进午餐。
occupation
too occupied with her research project to join us
教考衔接　单句写作
③Because I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 how to play the guitar during the summer break,I am more than delighted to share this experience with you.(短文投稿,2023·全国乙卷)
因为暑假期间我一直忙于学习吉他,所以我非常乐意与大家分享这段经历。
occupied myself/was occupied in learning
4.circumstance n.条件,状况; (circumstances)境况,(尤指)经济状况
佳句背诵　
Feeling embarrassed,I reminded myself that in/under no circumstances would I commit such a mistake again.(2021·浙江1月卷)
我觉得很尴尬,提醒自己在任何情况下我都不会再犯这样的错误了。
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下,既然如此
in/under no circumstances 决不(置于句首,句子要用部分倒装语序)
if circumstances allow/permit如果情况允许的话
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Even 　　　　　　the circumstances,he still spared no effort to improve himself.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.
如果情况允许的话,我会立即采取行动实现我的梦想。
under/in
If circumstances permit/allow
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　for personal interest.(短文投稿,2022·全国甲卷)
在任何情况下,我们都不应为了个人利益而破坏海洋环境。
Under/In no circumstances should we destroy the marine environment
5.comprise vt.包括,包含;组成,构成
以练促学　单句写作
①The breakfast,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
porridge and sandwich,smelt extremely delicious.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
早餐由粥和三明治组成,闻起来美味极了。
②Older people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 of those living in poverty.
在那些生活贫困的人中,老年人占有很大的比例。
consisting of/comprised of/composed of/made up of
comprise a large proportion
教考衔接　单句写作
③A traditional Chinese painting exhibition　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art center. (宣传稿,2021·浙江6月卷)
昨天在艺术中心举办了一场由我们同学的几十幅作品组成的中国画展。
which was comprised of/ which was composed of/which was made up of/which consisted of
In some circumstances, to make a living,parents are occupied with work and various activities all the day,which makes them have no time to accompany their children.The absence of company may bother teenagers a lot. Children should understand the difficulties of their parents. After all,the family still comprises an important part of teenagers' lives.
6.assistant n.助理;售货员;助教adj.助理的,副的;有帮助的→assist v.帮
助;协助;援助→assistance n.援助,帮助;辅助设备
佳句背诵　
Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school,I do believe that I am qualified to be your teaching assistant.(申请信)
我在小学有丰富的教学经验,我相信我有资格成为您的助教。
assist sb to do sth/in doing sth 助某人做某事
assist sb with/in sth 帮助某人做某事
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come/go to one’s assistance 来/去帮助某人
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①I’m wondering if you could 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(求助信,2021·全国甲卷)
我想知道您是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。
assist me in choosing/to choose
the suitable topics for the class meeting
②I’d like to sincerely appreciate your 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I couldn’t have made such great progress.(感谢信)
我想衷心地感谢您帮助我学习英语。没有您的帮助,我就不可能有那么大的进步。
assisting me with my English learning/to learn English/in learning English
Without your assistance
教考衔接　单句写作
③Whether it’s helping a classmate with their studies, 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, or volunteering for community services, Zhang Jian is always there to lend a hand.
(人物介绍,2023·天津3月卷)
无论是帮助同学学习、协助老师管理班级,还是参加社区志愿服务,张健都积极地参与其中。
assisting a
teacher with classroom duties
7.carry out执行,实行
佳句背诵　
In a word,these measures are easy to carry out,so let’s take action right now.
总之,这些措施很容易实施,所以让我们现在就采取行动吧。
carry off 赢得;获得;成功地对付
carry through 帮……渡过难关;完成;坚持到底
carry on doing/with sth 继续做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①You’ll have an accident if you carry on 　　　　　　(drive) like that.
②It 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 in middle school.(人物介绍)
正是我母亲帮助我度过了中学时期的艰难时光。
driving
was my mother who carried me through my tough time
教考衔接　单句写作
③He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to make his country prosperous.(人物介绍,2023·全国甲卷)
他不遗余力地进行了一系列改革,使他的国家繁荣了起来。
spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms
8.make sense of理解;弄懂
佳句背诵　
I’m writing to request you to recommend some English classics that I can easily make sense of.(求助信)
我写信请求您推荐一些我能够容易理解的英文名著。
make sense 讲得通;有道理;合乎情理
make no sense 没意义
in a sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 决不(用在句首时,句子用部分倒装)
以练促学　词汇升级/句式升级
①Furthermore,you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance,which can help you understand the poems to be learned.
　　　　　
②We should in no sense give up our dreams even if we are faced with many difficulties.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 even if we are faced with many difficulties.(倒装)
make sense of
In no sense should we give up our dreams
教考衔接　单句写作
③Learning much from it,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 why cactus and other dry plants have sharp leaves.(报道,2023·浙江1月卷)
从中学到很多之后,我开始明白为什么仙人掌及其他干旱植物有锋利的叶子。
came to make sense of
9.in view of鉴于,考虑到
佳句背诵　
In view of the present situation,we’ll have to revise our original plan.
基于目前这种情况,我们不得不修改原来的计划。
in one’s view=from one’s point of view 在某人看来
have a good view of... 清楚地看到;饱览
come into view 进入视野,映入眼帘
view...as... 把……看作……
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①Liang Sicheng was viewed 　　　　　　one of the best architects of his generation.
②During the trip,we 　　　　　　　　　　　 (饱览) the blooming flowers,deep valleys and beautiful waterfalls. When we arrived at the peak of the mountain,a tiny cave 　　　 　　　 (映入眼帘).
as
had a good view of
came into view
教考衔接　单句写作
③　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　, I finally determined to hand in all the money I earned.(2021·浙江6月卷)
考虑到我家庭的窘境,我最终决定上交我挣的所有的钱。
In view of my family's awkward situation
During work,we need to solve problems every day. But this time,in view of the complex problem, our teacher assigned an assistant to help us. We carried out the research carefully and made sense of all the data.After about three hours,we settled it finally.
句型公式:This/That is why... 这/那是为什么……
课本原句:That’s why every spacewalk is carefully planned.
那就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每一次太空行走。
佳句背诵　
That is why red packets are used during Chinese New Year and other celebrations.
那就是为什么在中国新年和其他庆祝活动中要使用红包。
This/That is why...是常用句型,其中why引导的从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说过的原因进行总结。类似的句式还有:
(1)This/That is because...这/那是因为……
(2)The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)
以练促学　一句多译
①我不能和你外出是因为我必须照顾我生病的爷爷。(道歉信,2021·北京卷)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I have to care for my sick grandfather.
→I have to care for my sick grandfather. 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→I fail to go out with you. 　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
The reason why I fail to go out with you is that
That's why I fail to go
out with you
That's because I have to care for
my sick grandfather
教考衔接　单句写作
②It is important for us to master some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 during the May Day holiday.(短文投稿,2023·全国乙卷)
对我们来说,掌握一些基本的生活技能来为我们未来的生活做准备是很重要的。那就是为什么我在五一期间学会了做饭。
That is why I learned how to cook
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.
　　　 　　
2.She has risen from humble origins to immense wealth. 　　　　　
vt.使接触;使熏陶
n.出身
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.shelter n.居所,住处;庇护;避难所 vt.保护,掩蔽 vi.躲避
n.庇护
①The solution,of course,was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.(新高考Ⅰ卷) 　　　　　
②The sun beat down,so we sat in the shade,sheltering from the sun.
　　　　　
③Rescue workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 　　　　　
vi.躲避
n.避难所
④Food,clothing,fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs.
　　　　　
⑤Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sandstorms.
　　　　　
n.居所,住处
vt.保护,掩蔽
2.occupy vt.占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于
vt.占领,侵占
①During the war,Germany occupied many countries,including France. 　　　　　
②Later,I went to a café to have lunch,but all the tables were occupied.
　　　　　
③His work occupies him for the whole day. 　　　　　
vt.占用,使用
vt.使忙于
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Program 　　　　　　(evaluate)show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
2.Most 　　　　　　(frequent),the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
3.That includes huge savings in 　　　　　　(maintain)costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.(2022·全国乙卷)
evaluations
frequently
maintenance
4.Popularization has in some cases changed the 　　　　　　(origin) meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
5.　　　　　　 (occupy) in his research,he didn’t have time to take part in amusing entertainments.
6.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when 　　　　　　(expose) to daylight.(全国Ⅰ卷)
original
Occupied
exposed
7.The manager had no idea about the plan,for the plan was made
　　　　　　his absence.
8.It is one thing to say losing weight,it’s another thing to carry
　　　　　　the plan.
9.　　　　　　 a sense,human cloning is immoral,which will lead to social problems.
in
out
In
10.My teacher always reminds me that 　　　　　　no circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them.
11.He went away from his post in the agency without permission and this was 　　　　　　 I was angry with him.
12.He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied himself 　　　　　　a very important experiment.
under/in
why
with
维度三　完成句子
1.As far as I am concerned,students should do more listening and speaking 　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
在我看来,学生应该多听多说,这样他们就能发展他们的沟通技巧。
so that they can develop their communication skills
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, they decided to head back to the campsite before it got dark.
随着太阳落山,他们决定在天黑前回到营地。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　,he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
尽管他会努力尝试,但他似乎永远都不能满意地完成这项工作。
With the sun setting behind the mountains
Try hard as he will
4.I am glad to hear that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and know more about Chinese culture.
我很高兴听到你渴望提高你的汉语并且了解更多的中国文化。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the dictionary when you are reading.
阅读的时候,没必要每个生词都查字典。
you long to improve your Chinese
There is no need to look up every new word
6.The second part will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 　　
　　　　　 , such as 　　　　　 　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
第二部分将继续向我们展示太空探索的好处,例如为某些疾病的治疗奠定基础。
carry on showing us the benefits of space
exploration
laying the foundation for the cure for
some illnesses
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(通知——太空探索)
　　假设你是国际学校的学生会主席李华,为使学生了解更多的航天知识,你校决定举行一次关于航天科学的讲座,请用英语写一则书面通知,内容包括:
1.讲座的时间、地点;
2.讲座的目的及内容;
3.希望同学们踊跃参加。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①鉴于越来越多的学生对太空知识表现出极大的兴趣,本周五下午两点将在学校礼堂举行一场以太空科学为主题的讲座。(in view of)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
In view of more and more students' showing great interest in space knowledge,a lecture with the theme of space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o'clock this Friday afternoon.
②本讲座主要由三部分组成,第一部分将对我国航天飞行的历史和最近的发射进行新的阐述。(cast new light on,“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The lecture mainly consists of three parts,the first part of which will cast new light on the history of space flights as well as recent launch in our country.
③更好地了解我国航天事业的发展对我们来说具有重要的意义。(vital,it作形式主语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
It is of vital significance for us to have a better understanding of the development of aerospace industry in our country.
④由同样的专家展示的第二部分将涉及相关的科学效益,如为某些疾病的治疗奠定基础。(lay the foundation for,过去分词短语作定语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The second part presented by the same experts will deal with the related scientific benefits,such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses.
⑤最后也是最关键的部分是参与者可以提出他们感兴趣的问题。(incredibly,crucial,表语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The last but incredibly crucial part is that participants can raise questions they are curious about.
⑥欢迎任何有意了解更多太空知识的同学参加本次讲座。
(motive,定语从句)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Anyone who has a motive for learning more about space is highly welcome to take part in the lecture.
第二步　连句成文创佳作
Notice
In view of more and more students' showing great interest in space knowledge,a lecture with the theme of space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o'clock this Friday afternoon.
The lecture mainly consists of three parts,the first part of which will cast new light on the history of space flights as well as recent launch in our country.It is of vital significance for us to have a better
understanding of the development of aerospace industry in our country.The second part presented by the same experts will deal with the related scientific benefits,such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses.The last but incredibly crucial part is that participants can raise questions they are curious about.
Anyone who has a motive for learning more about space is highly welcome to take part in the lecture.
The Student Council
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:去年夏天,希尔达在一个海洋生物公园做志愿者,帮助训练海豚。她的任务是确保水箱里没有杂物。但有一天,水箱里发现了一块糖纸,这让训练师凯瑟琳误以为是希尔达的失误。为了找出真相,希尔达第二天早上潜入水箱,发现海豚玛雅把物品藏在了过滤箱后面。希尔达最终找出了玛雅藏匿物品的地方,从而澄清了误会。
【参考范文】
“This is Maya's secret,” Hilda said with a big smile. “The truth of the matter,”Hilda continued,“is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank,hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank.When you train her,she will give you some items so that she can get treats from you.”“Really How do you know that ” Catherine asked in surprise.Hilda laughed and replied,“It took me a long time to discover this secret,too.It's not easy to follow Maya.”
Now Katherine realized what had been going on. Catherine thought to herself,this is really a clever dolphin.And she said to Hilda,“Well,Maya loves treats,so we'll work together,and you'll secretly help her collect a few things and put them in the filter at the back of the tank.I'll give her treats,the number of which I can increase.” Hilda replied,“Good idea,let's do it.” From then on,the Sea Life Park is full of warmth and harmony.Maya's performance in front of the audience is getting better and better.
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(全国Ⅱ卷)
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley’s pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism—if they had been made last week.In fact,they were shot from 1914 through 1916,most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难),by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest,under freezing water,in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance,a small,tight,Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists,27 men in all,to the southernmost shore of Antarctica’s Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance,adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scott’s last journey,completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger,caught the world’s imagination,and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908,started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money
from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley,a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images,most of which have never before been published.
真题再做
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了1914年到1916年间,一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难,其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片,并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
33.What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley
A.They were made last week.
B.They showed undersea sceneries.
C.They were found by a cameraman.
D.They recorded a disastrous adventure.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句可知,这些照片记录了一次灾难性的冒险,故选D项。
34.Who reached the South Pole first according to the text
A.Frank Hurley.
B.Ernest Shackleton.
C.Robert Falcon Scott.
D.Caroline Alexander.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“From that point Shackleton wanted to...in 1912”可推知Captain Robert Falcon Scott是第一个到达南极的人。故选C项。
35.What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage
A.Artistic creation. B.Scientific research.
C.Money making. D.Treasure hunting.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知这个作家在她的小说The Endurance中说,在那时,探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thoroughly commercial effort)了,因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(money making),故选C项。
思维建模
推理判断题中的正确选项特征
立足原文,只推一步
即根据原文内容,一步即可推知答案,无需过度发挥。
以例示法(如34题)
根据第三段可知,被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Robert Falcon Scott船长先前的探险更大的收获,该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Robert Falcon Scott是最先到达南极的人,故选
C项。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:collection n.收藏品;voyage n.航行; Para.2:outstanding adj.杰出的; expectation n.期望;image n.图像; freezing adj.冰冻的;wooden adj.木制的; Para.3:crew n.全体船员;companion n.同伴; Para.4:commercial adj.商业的;imagination n.想象 Para.1:a collection of一系列的;bring back to life使复活;Para.2:under freezing water在冰水下;
Para.3:intend to do sth计划做某事;
on the march back在返回途中;
Para.4:make clear表明; in one’s honor为了纪念
析 长 难 语 句 Para.4:Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908,started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.
[句式分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为主谓宾状结构。同位语a onetime British merchant-navy officer... in 1908解释说明Shackleton;关系代词who引导定语从句,修饰officer。
[尝试翻译]　

[语言赏析]　句子通过时间线来组织信息,先提及1908年沙克尔顿的探险经历,随后引出1914年的商业行动。这种时间上的层次结构,使得事件的发展脉络清晰,并且强调了他从探险到商业转变的动机。
沙克尔顿曾是一名英国商船队军官,1908年时曾到达距南极100英里以内的地方。他在1914年航行前创办了一家公司,以通过电影和静态摄影赚钱。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·嘉兴高三模拟)
A One-woman Cinderella Show Is Coming to Fairfield
A one-woman show that reimagines the classic fairytale Cinderella is coming to the Fairfield Community Arts Center.The Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati will present Cinderella Wore Cowboy Boots for one night only on Jan.26.The traveling show is for children ages 4 and up and promises “knee-slapping” comedic moments and heartwarming life lessons.
“I love children’s theatre,” says Rosvic Siason,who plays Cinderella.“Kids are our future and we introduce them to these stories.We all have situations at one point in our life that look like this conversation.It just kind of helps you develop your brain and learn how to think as a developing person.It’s really important to expose kids to theatre and well-rounded actors they can talk to for guidance.”
These one-man,one-woman shows have so much beauty because it is very raw.People actually follow along much easier than you think. It’s easy to share a feeling.They will be expected to interact,deliver lines and repeat after Cinderella throughout the production. Cinderella Wore Cowboy Boots will deliver a funny,meaningful twist on the classic fairytale that encourages audiences to expand their imagination.
“Using imagination helps kids to think of things in more ways than one,” Siason says.“It opens them up and makes them think, ‘Hey,this is one way this could work.’Or,‘I could try this way,’and then see what happens.”
Visit fairfieldcity.org for tickets and more information.
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了一个即将在费尔菲尔德社区艺术中心上演的《灰姑娘》改编剧目。
1.What is Cinderella Wore Cowboy Boots
A.A book. B.A theatre.
C.A performance. D.A lesson.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“The Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati ...on Jan.26.”可知,Cinderella Wore Cowboy Boots是一场表演,故选C项。
√
2.What does Siason think of stories in children’s theatre
A.They can offer temporary amusement.
B.They can help deal with life’s challenges.
C.They can allow individuals to avoid reality.
D.They can provide opportunities to make friends.
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It just kind of helps you develop...well-rounded actors they can talk to for guidance.”和第四段内容可以推测出,Siason认为儿童戏剧中的故事可以帮助应对生活中的挑战,故选B项。
√
3.What might Siason encourage children to do
A.Stick to the rules.
B.Dare to dream big.
C.Always follow the crowd.
D.Think outside the box.
解析　推断判断题。根据第四段可知,Siason认为运用想象力可以帮助孩子以不止一种方式思考事物,因此她可能会鼓励孩子们跳出思维定势,以多种角度思考问题,故选D项。
√
(2025·南京、盐城高三模拟二)
“Anxiety”.The very word invites discomfort.Its effects—shortness of breath,a pounding heart,muscle tension—are outright upsetting.But,as a clinician,I find that we tend to miss out on many valuable opportunities presented by this human emotion.In and of itself,anxiety is not deadly,nor is it a disease.Quite the contrary,it is an indicator of brain and sensory health.Once we accept that it is a normal,though uncomfortable,part of life,we can use it to help us.
We all know working out at the gym is hard.By nature,a “good workout” is uncomfortable,since it involves pushing our physical strength past what we can easily do.The sweet spot of exercise is always a somewhat challenging experience.Similarly,if you want to be emotionally stronger,you need to face some tension.For example,one effective treatment for fear is exposure therapy (疗法),which involves gradually encountering things that make one anxious,reducing fear over time.
Humans are social creatures.When my patients learn to open up to their partners about their anxiety,they almost always report a greater sense of emotional closeness.Also,as international relationship expert Sue Johnson teaches,when we express our need for connection during challenging moments (e.g.,“I’m having a hard time right now and I really need your support”),it creates greater connection and turns our anxiety into love.
From time to time,we find ourselves at the end of our rope.Our responsibilities pile up,our resources break down,and we feel uncomfortably anxious—what we’re experiencing is called stress. Simply put,the demands placed upon us outweigh our available resources,just like a set of scales (天平) going out of balance.Focusing on work and pretending everything is OK only lead to disastrous results.Medical treatment for stress may function for a while,but it tends to make things worse in the long run.The only solution to deal with stress is to do the mathematics to balance the scales.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了对焦虑的正确认识应是什么,并讲述了缓解压力的方法,如表达焦虑和增加可用资源等。
4.What does the author say about anxiety
A.It is an invitation to diseases.
B.It indicates stable mental health.
C.It costs us many valuable chances.
D.It is a natural emotional expression.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In and of itself...it is an indicator of brain and sensory health.”可知,焦虑本身并不是致命的,也不是一种疾病。恰恰相反,它是大脑和感官健康的一个指标。由此可知,作者认为焦虑是人类的一种自然的情感表达,故选D项。
√
5.Why does the author mention “good workout” in paragraph 2
A.To prove how exercise influences emotions.
B.To suggest an effective way to challenge limits.
C.To explain how anxiety builds emotional strength.
D.To show a positive connection between mind and body.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By nature,a ‘good workout’ is uncomfortable...you need to face some tension.”可知,作者认为“良好的锻炼”本质上是不舒服的,因为激发我们身体的潜能、达到运动最佳值总是富有挑战。与此相似的是,若想在情感上更强大就需要经历一些紧张(训练)。由此可知,作者提到良好的“锻炼”,是为了解释焦虑是如何增强情感的力量的,故选C项。
6.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The key to closeness is partners’ support.
B.Sharing anxiety improves relationships.
C.Humans are defined by their social nature.
D.Expressing feelings keeps us off anxiety.
解析　段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了作者的病人在学着向伴侣表达焦虑时,他们几乎总会获得更大程度上的情感上的亲近;再根据人际关系专家Sue Johnson所教可推知,第三段主要讲述了分享焦虑能够改善关系,故选B项。
√
7.According to the last paragraph,how can we deal with stress
A.Devote more energy to our work.
B.Increase resources available to us.
C.Seek professional medical treatment.
D.Master advanced mathematical skills.
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Simply put,the demands...a set of scales(天平) going out of balance.”可知,简而言之,压力就是我们面临的需求超过了可用的资源,导致失去平衡。再结合该段中的“The only solution to deal...to balance the scales.”可推知,处理压力时,我们可以增加可用的资源来实现平衡,故选B项。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·沧州高三模拟)
Last year,my younger brother Darrin tore the old engine out of his Dodge Challenger.Then he 　1　 it piece by piece,and put it back together again all by himself.He was 16.All he 　2　 was a Chilton’s shop manual for the car,his own curiosity,and a strong desire to 　3　 how things worked.
Later,I asked him about this 　4　 and how he made it.His answer was 　5　—he just did it.He wanted a new car and couldn’t afford to buy another one,so this was really his only 　6　.He had nothing to lose and was highly 　7　 to make the engine work.He 　8　 with it,paid close attention to how he took it apart,made a lot of mistakes,and reached points where he wasn’t 　9　 what to do next.When that happened,he asked a friend or a friend’s dad for 　10　,tried this and tried that,until he finished the work.To me it was a(n) 　11　 achievement.
Our 　12　 to do hard things increases when we try doing those hard things.It is 　13　 limited by our own will and imagination.We learn by trying,by making mistakes,and by 　14　 help from those who know more sometimes just a little more than we do.
Never 　15　 trying new things.The more one does,the more one can do.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从弟弟身上学到的一个人生道理:我们做的事情越多,我们能做的事情就越多。永远不要停止尝试新事物。
1.A.discovered B.rebuilt C.donated D.reserved
解析　句意:然后他一块一块地把它重新安在一起,又一个人把它重新组装起来。discover发现;rebuild组装,重建;donate捐赠;reserve预订。根据上文“Last year,my younger brother Darrin tore the old engine out of his Dodge Challenger.(去年,我弟弟达林把他的道奇挑战者的旧引擎给拆了)”可知,弟弟把玩具拆了,然后又组装了起来,故选B项。
√
2.A.detected B.preferred C.occupied D.had
解析　句意:他所拥有的只有一本奇尔顿的汽车使用手册,他自己的好奇心,以及想弄清楚汽车是如何工作的强烈愿望。detect检测;prefer偏爱;occupy占据;have有。根据后文“was a Chilton’s shop manual for the car”可知,此处是指弟弟所拥有的关于组装的东西只有一本手册,故选D项。
√
3.A.figure out B.give away C.bring up D.rule out
解析　句意同上。figure out弄清楚;give away赠送;bring up抚养;rule out消除。根据上文“his own curiosity,and a strong desire to”可知,弟弟好奇心强,因此想弄清楚汽车是如何工作的,故选A项。
4.A.property B.campaign C.guide D.project
解析　句意:后来,我问他关于这个项目的问题以及他是如何做到的。property财产;campaign运动;guide指导;project项目。该题属于“大思维跨越”题,根据上一段描述可知,此处指弟弟把他的道奇挑战者的旧引擎拆掉然后重组这件事,故选D项。
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5.A.correct B.serious C.simple D.funny
解析　句意:他的回答很简单——他就这么做了。correct正确的;serious严肃的;simple简单的;funny有趣的。根据上文“I asked him”以及下文“he just did it”及所给单词可知,此处是指“他的答案很简单”,故选C项。
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6.A.luck B.option C.requirement D.relaxation
解析　句意:他想要一辆新车,又买不起另一辆,所以这是他唯一的选择。luck运气;option选择;requirement要求;relaxation放松。根据上文“He wanted a new car and couldn’t afford to buy another one”可知,此处是指“这是他唯一的选择”,故选B项。
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7.A.expected B.forced C.convinced D.motivated
解析　句意:他没有什么可失去的,并且非常积极地让引擎工作。expect期待;force迫使;convince说服;motivate激励。根据上文“He had nothing to lose and was highly”及所给单词可知,此处是指“他没有什么可失去的,并且非常积极地让引擎工作”,短语be motivated to do sth意为“有动力做某事”,故选D项。
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8.A.communicated B.competed C.experimented D.disagreed
解析　句意:他对它进行了实验,密切关注如何将其拆开,犯了很多错误,并达到了他不确定下一步该怎么做的地步。communicate交流;compete比赛;experiment实验;disagree不同意。根据后文“paid close attention to how he took it apart,made a lot of mistakes”可知,作者的弟弟在拆装汽车时,是进行了一番尝试和试验的,故选C项。
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9.A.sure B.afraid C.curious D.satisfied
解析　句意同上。sure确信的;afraid害怕的;curious好奇的;satisfied满足的。根据后文“what to do next”以及弟弟犯了很多错误,可知此处是指他不确定下一步该怎么做,故选A项。
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10.A.permission B.courage C.advice D.reward
解析　句意:当这种情况发生时,他向朋友或朋友的父亲征求意见,试了这个,试了那个,直到他完成了工作。permission允许;courage勇气;advice建议;reward奖励。根据上文“what to do next”可知,弟弟不知道该怎么办,因此此处应是指他向朋友或者朋友的父亲寻求建议,故选C项。
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11.A.amazing B.common C.confusing D.strange
解析　句意:对我来说,这是一项了不起的成就。amazing惊人的; common共同的;confusing令人困惑的;strange奇怪的。该题属于“大思维跨越”题,根据上文可知弟弟只有一本手册,凭借实验和求助他人完成了组装,因此于作者而言,这是一项了不起的成就,故选A项。
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12.A.anxiety B.capacity C.income D.impatience
解析　句意:当我们尝试做这些困难的事情时,我们做这些困难事情的能力就会增强。anxiety焦虑;capacity能力;income收入;impatience不耐烦。根据后文“The more one does,the more one can do.”以及上文弟弟组装玩具的故事可知,当我们尝试做这些困难的事情时,我们做这些困难事情的能力就会增强,故选B项。
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13.A.rarely B.necessarily C.originally D.mostly
解析　句意:它主要受限于我们自己的意志和想象力。rarely很少; necessarily必定;originally起初;mostly多半。该题属于“大思维跨越”题,上文提到,作者的弟弟在拆装汽车时非常有意志力和求知欲。本句从反面强调,能否完成艰苦的工作,主要受限于我们的意志力和想象力,故选D项。
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14.A.seeking B.offering C.affording D.avoiding
解析　句意:我们从尝试中学习,从犯错误中学习,从那些比我们懂得多一点的人那里寻求帮助。seek寻找;offer提供;afford买得起;avoid避免。根据下文“help from those who know more sometimes just a little more than we do”可知,seeking符合语境,意为“向知道得更多的人寻求帮助”,故选A项。
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15.A.admit B.stop C.fancy D.keep
解析　句意:永远不要停止尝试新事物。admit承认;stop停止;fancy喜爱;keep保持。根据后文“The more one does,the more one can do.”可知,作者认为永远不要停止尝试新事物,故选B项。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·山西名校高三模拟)
People worldwide have enjoyed noodles for thousands of years.But did you ever stop 1.______________ (think):who made the very first noodle People first started 2.　　　　 (grow) wheat and making flour in the Middle East around 10,000 years ago. However,until 2002,no evidence of ancient noodles had been uncovered.Archaeologists discovered an upside-down clay bowl in the
3.______________ (ruin) of an ancient Chinese village.When they lifted it,they found a 4,000-year-old noodle.This “mummy” noodle 4.______________ (make) from grain.Traders brought wheat 5.______________ China about the time this ancient noodle was cooked.The Chinese 6.______________ (eventual) mastered the art of stretching wheat dough (面团) into long noodles.
Some people claim that Marco Polo brought pasta (意粉) to Italy.The tale of his discovery was likely enhanced to promote pasta consumption in America.Marco Polo’s writings suggest that noodles were already present in Italy during his time,as he compared Chinese noodles to 7.______________ (that) in Italy.The Middle East also played a 8.______________ (significance) role in noodle history.The oldest written mention of pasta outside China dates back about 1,600 years in the Middle East.Dried noodles were a popular travel food in the region and beyond,making them a likely prospect for spreading the noodle recipe to other parts of 9.______________ world.
So who REALLY invented noodles We may never know—the history of noodles is as complicated as a bowl of pasta.But 10.______________ invented them,we’re sure glad they did!
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了面条发展的相关历史。
1.to think　[考查非谓语动词。句意:但你有没有停下来想过:是谁做了第一份面条 分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作宾语,根据“stop to do sth”意为“停下来去干某事”可知,此处应为动词不定式形式作宾语,故填to think。]
2.growing　[考查非谓语动词。句意:大约一万年前,中东地区的人们开始种植小麦以及制作面粉。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作宾语,根据并列连词and前后动词形式应该一致可知,and后为动词-ing形式,所以and前也应为动词-ing形式,故填growing。]
3.ruins　[考查名词的数。句意:考古学家在一个中国古村落的废墟中发现了一个倒置的陶碗。分析句子结构可知,此处应为名词作宾语,ruin为可数名词,结合句意可知,此处表示“废墟”,所以应使用ruin的复数形式,故填ruins。]
4.was made　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:这种“木乃伊”面条是由谷物制成的。分析句子结构可知,此处应为谓语动词,根据上文可知,此处描述的事情发生在过去,且make与句子主语This “mummy” noodle之间为被动关系,因此,此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态,且句子主语为名词单数形式,故填was made。]
5.to　[考查介词。句意:大约在煮制这种古老的面条的时候,商人们把小麦带到了中国。分析句子结构可知,此处应为固定短语“bring... to...”,该短语意为“把……带到……”,符合句意,故填to。]
6.eventually　[考查词性转换。句意:中国人最终掌握了将小麦面团拉成长面的技艺。分析句子结构可知,此处应为副词作状语修饰谓语动词mastered,故填eventually。]
7.those　[考查代词。句意:马可·波罗将中国的面条与意大利的面条进行了比较,他的著作表明面条在他那个时代就已经出现在意大利了。分析句子结构可知,此处应为代词作宾语,结合句意可知,此处指代前文的noodles,所以此处应为that的复数形式,故填those。]
8.significant　[考查词性转换。句意:中东在面条历史上也发挥了重要作用。分析句子结构可知,此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词role,故填significant。]
9.the　[考查冠词。句意:干面在该地区及其他地区是一种受欢迎的旅行食品,这使得他们有可能将面条配方传播到世界的其他地方。分析句子结构可知,world为可数名词,其前无限定词,所以此处应该用冠词,结合句意可知,此处表示特指,所以使用定冠词,故填the。]
10.whoever　[考查状语从句。句意:但无论是谁发明了它们,我们都很高兴他们做到了!分析句子结构可知,此处应为连词引导状语从句,结合句意可知,此处为连词引导的让步状语从句,且在从句中作主语,表示“不论是谁”,所以使用连词whoever或者是no matter who,因无提示词只能填一个词,故填whoever。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:classic adj.经典的;knee-slapping adj.令人大笑的;heartwarming adj.暖心的;Para.2:well-rounded adj.全面发展的;guidance n.指导;
Para.3:interact v.互动
B Para.1:clinician n.临床医师;contrary adj.与之相异的;相对立的,相反的;
Para.2:similarly adv.相似地;类似地;差不多地;encounter v.遭遇,遇到(尤指令人不快或困难的事);Para.4:outweigh v.重于;大于;超过
熟词生义 A Para.1:present　熟义:n.礼物;生义:v.呈现;展示
B Para.1:invite　熟义:v.邀请;请求;生义:v.招致(尤指坏事)
词 块 积 累 A Para.3:deliver lines讲台词;repeat after跟读;
Para.4:more ways than one不止一种方式
B Para.1:miss out on错失;Para.4:out of balance失去平衡;
in the long run从长远来看
长 难 句 式 A Para.2:We all have situations at one point in our life that look like this conversation.
[分析]　这是一个复合句。主句为“主谓宾”结构;定语从句that look like this conversation修饰先行词situations。
[译文]　我们都会在人生的某个时刻遇到类似这种对话的情况。

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