资源简介

选择性必修第四册　UNIT 4　Never too old to learn
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.verbal adj.　　 口头的;言语的,文字的
2.vocational adj. 职业的,业务知识的
3.geometry n. 几何(学);几何形状
4.laptop n. 笔记本电脑,便携式电脑
5.statistic n. 统计数字,统计资料
6.certificate n. 文凭,结业证书;证明,证明书
7.beard n. 胡须,络腮胡子
8.sneeze vi. 打喷嚏
n. 喷嚏,喷嚏声
9.tablet n. 平板电脑;药片
10.institution n. 机构;风俗习惯,制度
11.kettle n. 壶,水壶
12.domain n. 领域,范围;领土;域
13.circuit n. 电路,线路;环行;赛车道
14.cafeteria n. 自助餐厅,自助食堂
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.never cease to learn 　　 永不停止学习
2.grasp abstract concepts 掌握抽象概念
3.the prospect of a cashless economy 无现金经济的前景
4.ask a random sample of people 随机挑选一些人询问
5.change into a mature adult 变成一个成熟的成年人
6.a 3,000 word essay on geometry 一篇3 000字的几何学文章
7.draft the report 起草这个报告
8.polish your article 润色你的文章
9.the dormitory buildings 宿舍楼
10.look out of the carriage window 从马车窗向外看
11.sign in the blank space 在空白处签字
12.be bound to pass the exam 一定会通过考试
13.concrete evidence 确凿的证据
14.principal objective 主要目标
15.an electric drill 电钻
16.bounce into the office 蹦蹦跳跳地走进办公室
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.compose vt.& vi.　 组成,构成;作曲;创作
composition n. 构图;构成,成分;作品;作曲艺术
composer n. 作曲家
2.educate vt. 教育,教导
education n. 教育,教育学
educator n. 教育家;教育工作者
educated adj. 受过教育的;有教养的
3.resolve vt.& vi. 解决;表决;决心,决定
n. 决心,坚定的信念
resolution n. 坚定;解决;决心
4.refresh vt. 使变新;使恢复精力;使想起
refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的
refreshed adj. 恢复了精力的,精神振作的
5.criticize vt.& vi. 批评,批判,挑剔,指责;评价
criticism n. 批评,批判;评论
critical adj. 批评的,批判的;关键的,至关重要的
critic n. 批评家,评论家
6.inquire vi.& vt. 询问,打听
inquiry n. 询问,打听;查询
7.register vi.& vt. 登记,注册
n. 语体风格,语域;登记表
registration n. 登记,注册
8.subscribe vi. 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等)
subscription n. 订阅,订购
9.comprehend vt. 理解,领悟
comprehension n. 理解力,领悟能力;理解练习
10.assume vt. 假定,假设
assumption n. 假定,假设
assuming conj. 假设……为真;假如
11.occupy vt. 占用,使用;居住
occupation n. 工作,职业;消遣;侵占,占领期;使用
occupied adj. 使用中;忙于;被占领的
12.recreation n. 娱乐,消遣
recreational adj. 消遣的;娱乐的
13.tight adv. 紧紧地,牢固地
adj. 牢固的;严格的;密集的;亲密的
tightly adv. 牢固地,紧紧地;紧密地
tighten vt. & vi. (使)变紧;加强
14.refer vi. 提到;谈及;描述;参考;指
reference n. 参考;提到;推荐信
vt. 查阅,参考
15.present vt. 把……交给;颁发;提出
presentation n. 幻灯片演示;提交,授予;展示会;演出
16.extend vt. 延伸,扩大
extension n. (为非全日制学生开设的)进修部,进修课;扩大,延伸
17.qualify vt. 使合格,使具备资格
vi. 取得资格(或学历),合格
qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格,资历;学历;合格,达到标准
petent adj. 足以胜任的,有能力的,称职的
competence n. 能力;胜任
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.in a flash　　　　　 转瞬间,立即
2.take a deep breath 深吸气,深呼吸
3.compose oneself 使自己镇定下来
4.stay up 熬夜
5.dawn on 使开始明白,使渐渐领悟
6.be impressed on/upon sb 某人意识到
7.subscribe to 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等);同意,赞成
8.bounce ideas off sb 向某人试探地透露主意
9.be bound to 一定会,很可能会
10.keep pace with sb/sth 与……步调一致,与……并驾齐驱
11.be perceived as 被视为……
12.be exposed to 接触;暴露于
e up with 提出,想出
14.fit in 适应
15.hold on to 抓住……不放;坚持
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.I once had an art teacher,pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important,but also what you cannot see. (强调句型)
我曾经的一位美术老师指出,不仅你看到的东西很重要,你看不到的东西也很重要。
2.New knowledge is constantly being generated and what you already know is being revised all the time,to the extent that it can be difficult to keep pace with the latest developments. (what引导主语从句)
新的知识不断产生,你所熟识的知识不断被修订,以至于很难跟上知识最新的变化形势。
3.This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial. (not...but...)
这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习,而是要承认,通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的,也是有益的。
4.At the same time,you need to develop critical thinking skills so that you do not blindly accept new ideas. (so that引导结果状语从句)
与此同时,你们需要培养批判性思维技能,这样你们就不会盲目接受新的思想。
5.Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life. (否定词置于句首引起的倒装)
我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。
6....the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves. (as...as...)
……成功的构图中,物体之间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。
词汇横拓串记
易错变形名词(1) 易错变形名词(2) “动词+up with”短语一览
①assume→assumption假定;设想 ②consume→consumption消费 ③describe→description描述;描写 ④curious→curiosity求知欲;好奇心 ⑤generous→generosity慷慨 ⑥recognize→recognition认可 ⑦explain→explanation说明,解释 ⑧pronounce→pronunciation发音 ⑨compete→competition竞争;比赛 ⑩qualify→qualification资格 11vary→variety种类 12choose→choice选择 ①put up with忍耐;忍受;熬过 ②keep up with与……同步;跟上(强调状态) ③catch up with跟上(强调动作) ④end up with以……结束 ⑤come up with提出;想出
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.verbal language 　　 口头语言
2.public domain 公共领域
3.vocational training 职业培训
4.have lunch at the school cafeteria 在学校的自助餐厅吃午饭
5.according to the statistics 根据统计数据
6.degree certificate 学位证书
7.a tall gentleman with beard 一个留着络腮胡的高挑绅士
8.be good at geometry 擅长几何学
9.low powered laptop 低功率笔记本电脑
10.start coughing and sneezing 开始咳嗽和打喷嚏
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.bound adj.　 一定会,很可能会;有义务(做某事)
2.bounce vt. (向某人)试探地透露(主意)
vi. 跳动
n. 弹跳;活力
3.prospect n. 成功的机会,前景;可能性
4.drill vt.& vi. 培训,训练;钻(孔)
n. 练习,训练;钻,钻头
5.mature adj. 明白事理的,成熟的
vi. 成熟,长成;有判断力
6.polish vt.& vi. 修改,润饰;擦光,磨光
n. 抛光,上光;完美,娴熟,精湛
7.draft n. 草稿,草案,草图
vt. 起草,草拟
8.dormitory n. 学生宿舍,集体宿舍
9.blank adj. 空白的;没表情的
n. 空白处,空格
10.objective adj. 客观的;客观存在的;宾格的
n. 目标,目的
11.essay n. 文章,短文
12.abstract adj. 抽象的,纯理论的
vt. 把……抽象出,提取
13.cease vi.& vt. (使)停止,终止,结束
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.resolve vt.& vi.　 解决;表决;决心,决定
n. 决心,坚定的信念
resolution n. 坚定;解决;决心
2.educate vt. 教育,教导
education n. 教育,教育学
educator n. 教育家;教育工作者
educated adj. 受过教育的;有教养的
3.register vi.& vt. 登记,注册
n. 语体风格,语域;登记表
registration n. 登记,注册
4.subscribe vi. 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等)
subscription n. 订阅,订购
5.present vt. 把……交给;颁发;提出
presentation n. 幻灯片演示;提交,授予;展示会;演出
6.tight adv. 紧紧地,牢固地
adj. 牢固的;严格的;密集的;亲密的
tightly adv. 牢固地,紧紧地;紧密地
tighten vt. & vi. (使)变紧;加强
7.refresh vt. 使变新;使恢复精力;使想起
refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的
refreshed adj. 恢复了精力的,精神振作的
8.refer vi. 提到;谈及;描述;参考;指
reference n. 参考;提到;推荐信
vt. 查阅,参考
9.comprehend vt. 理解,领悟
comprehension n. 理解力,领悟能力;理解练习
10.assume vt. 假定,假设
assumption n. 假定,假设
assuming conj. 假设……为真;假如
11.occupy vt. 占用,使用;居住
occupation n. 工作,职业;消遣;侵占,占领期;使用
occupied adj. 使用中;忙于;被占领的
12.inquire vi.& vt. 询问,打听
inquiry n. 询问,打听;查询
13.extend vt. 延伸,扩大
extension n. (为非全日制学生开设的)进修部,进修课;扩大,延伸
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.be bound to　　　　 一定会,很可能会
2.keep pace with sb/sth 与……步调一致,与……并驾齐驱
3.subscribe to 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等);同意,赞成
4.in a flash 转瞬间,立即
5.take a deep breath 深吸气,深呼吸
6.stay up 熬夜
7.be exposed to 接触;暴露于
8.come up with 提出,想出
9.fit in 适应
10.hold on to 抓住……不放;坚持
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:not...but...
It’s not what we do in a while that shapes our lives,but what we do consistently.
决定我们一生的不是我们一时所做的事,而是我们一贯所做的事。
2.句型公式:as...as...
However,making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而,生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍,耗水量则多达三倍。
3.句型公式:否定词置于句首引起的倒装
Rarely have I found him impatient with his children who ran around the yard playing happily.
我很少发现他对在院子里跑来跑去快乐玩耍的孩子们不耐烦。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.The writer is polishing the article to be published in a newspaper next week.
2.Under no circumstances will I give up the objective of setting up my own company.
3.Sometimes it may be helpful to use examples to explain abstract concepts.
4.The ball bounced twice before he could reach it.
5.There was a blank look on his face because he did not know the answer.
6.There is no doubt that a major with a better prospect is more likely to guarantee a better future.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Don’t assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more. (assume)
2.The new government plans to extend the original road,the extension of which will help improve the trade. (extend)
3.If it is difficult for you to digest the graphs I presented during the presentation,ask our market leader for more information. (present)
4.In order to give her good education,her parents sent her to a famous school to be educated. (educate)
5.His occupation is teaching,and his time is fully occupied by his students.He always thinks about the work,and how to teach the students well occupies his mind. (occupy)
6.When giving a speech,you’d better not refer to your notes,of course including other reference materials. (refer)
Ⅲ.短语填空
come up with　hold on to　be exposed to　stay up　fit in
1.Day after day I work very hard and have to stay up late doing piles of papers.
2.He tried as much as he could to fit in but he could not because his mind was at home.
3.You may get sunstroke when you are exposed to the sun too long.
4.The boy held on to the bush until someone came down to rescue him.
5.In order to solve this problem,Shang Yang came up with an idea.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You may have an experience that 1.what you’ve read may fly right out of your head in 2.a flash.And then your mind goes blank.The following tips may be helpful to those who resolve 3.to remember (remember) something after reading.
If there exists something which is beyond comprehension in reading materials,there is no need to criticize yourself 4.for not pose 5.yourself (you) and refer to a dictionary or inquire about it of your teacher.Besides,a book which 6.refreshes (refresh) your memory of a friend enables you to feel a connection and this connection helps you remember some contents easily.So you can subscribe to the 7.assumption (assume) that the connections should be made whenever possible.In addition,8.giving (give) a presentation of what you read is 9.helpful (help) too.In conclusion,read more and polish up your reading skills,10.and you are bound to remember what you read!
1.assumption n.假定,假设;设想→assume vt.假定,假设;承担(责任);取得(权力);呈现;假装(生义)→assuming conj.假设……为真;假如
佳句背诵　
On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union,I will organize more colorful after class activities to enrich our school life. (发言稿)
假如我被选为学生会主席,我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。
on the assumption that... 假定……
make an assumption that... 认为,假定……
assume sb/sth (to be)+ adj./n. 假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is generally assumed that... 人们普遍认为……
assuming (that)... 假设……
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①We assumed him to be (be) the best writer of our time and thought highly of him.
②It would have been easy to rely on my assumptions (assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. (2024·浙江1月卷)
③It is generally assumed that what a person does has little effect on the environment,but every effort counts. (演讲稿)
人们普遍认为个人的举动对环境的影响很小,但每一点努力都很重要。
教考衔接　单句写作
④Some students may share common interests or learning needs, and they can help and motivate each other.However, on the assumption that/assuming that they are assigned to different groups, their full potential might not be realized. (建议信,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
有些学生可能有共同的兴趣或学习需求,他们可以互相帮助和激励。然而,假设他们被分配到不同的小组,他们的全部潜力可能得不到发挥。
2.presentation n.幻灯片演示;提交,授予;展示会;演出→present vt.把……交给;颁发,授予 (award);提出,提交;表现,展现
佳句背诵　
I feel greatly honoured to give a presentation about the Mid Autumn Festival. (演讲稿)
我非常荣幸能做一个关于中秋节的演讲。
give a presentation 介绍,展示;举办展示会;做报告
present sb with sth 给某人颁发某物
present sth to sb 颁发/授予某物给某人;把某物提交给某人
以练促学　一句多译
①我们的校长将向在接力赛中表现好的学生颁奖。
→Our headmaster will present awards to the students who perform well in the relay race.
→Our headmaster will present the students who perform well in the relay race with awards.
教考衔接　单句写作
②In the self study room, you can get access to free Wi Fi, making it convenient for you to give a presentation. (邀请信,2022·浙江6月卷)
在自习室,你可以使用免费Wi Fi,这方便你做报告。
3.bound adj.一定会,很可能会;有义务(做某事);正旅行去(某地);准备前往(某地) vt.形成……的边界(或界限)n.& vi.跳跃
佳句背诵　
I am convinced that only if you are devoted to the competition are you bound to succeed.
我相信只要你全身心投入到比赛中就一定会成功。
be bound to do sth 一定会/很可能会做某事
be bound for 去往……
以练促学　单句写作
①I would be very thankful if you could reserve a ticket for the train bound for Wuhan tomorrow morning.
如果你能预订一张明天早上去武汉的车票,我会非常感激的。
教考衔接　单句写作
②To conclude,your practical suggestions are bound to make our theme class meeting about traditional Chinese cultures appeal to more foreigners. (求助信,2021·全国甲卷)
总之,你的切实可行的建议一定可以使我们的关于中国传统文化的主题班会吸引更多的外国人。
4.resolve vt.& vi.解决;表决;决心,决定 n.决心,坚定的信念→resolution n.解决;坚定;决心
佳句背诵　
They resolved to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas period.
他们下定决心要减去圣诞期间增加的体重。
决心/决定做某事
make a resolution to do sth 决心做某事,决定做某事
以练促学　同义句转换
①They decided to start early,with the intention of getting to the campsite before night fell.
→They made a resolution to start early,aiming at getting to the campsite before night fell. (resolution)
→They resolved to start early in order to get to the campsite before night fell. (resolve)
教考衔接　单句写作
②Inspired by him, I have resolved to stick/resolved on sticking to my aim regardless of any difficulties.
在他的激励下,我决心无论遇到什么困难都要坚持自己的目标。
5.hold on to抓住……不放;坚持
佳句背诵　
One thing I want you to hold on to is that,regardless of where you are coming from,you can make it.
我希望你们能够坚持的一件事是,无论你们来自哪里,你们都能成功。
hold on (打电话用语)请等一下,不要挂断;坚持住,挺住
hold out (食物等)维持;坚持;伸出
hold off 推迟,延迟;使疏远或避开
hold back 阻挡;抵制;克制;控制;退缩
hold up 举起;支撑;耽搁
以练促学　用hold 短语完成语段
①Having been held up by the traffic congestion for one hour,he couldn’t hold back his anger any longer and gave up the job interview that day,which caused him to lose the opportunity.So remember when problems arise,be patient.Don’t leave things half done.Hold on to your aim and you will make it.
教考衔接　单句语法填空
②I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.(2022·浙江1月卷)
片段巩固 用assumption;presentation;bound;resolve;hold on to完成片段
写作提示:我们常常作出假设→把假设很好的展示出来一定会给我们启发→我们坚持下去→下决心克服困难→成功就会向我们招手
　　When we do something difficult, we often make assumptions. A good presentation of our assumptions is bound to give us some inspiration. We will hold on to it and resolve to overcome all kinds of difficulties. In this way,success will be waved to us!
1.句型公式:as...as...
课本原句:...the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves.
……成功的构图中,物体之间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。
佳句背诵　
Mary devoted as much time as she could to polish her essay to get the certificate.
玛丽花了尽可能多的时间来完善她的论文以获得证书。
(1)as...as...用于原级比较,中间用形容词或副词的原级,意为“和……一样……”。
(2)若涉及数量或程度,可用“as much+不可数名词+as”和“as many+可数名词复数+as”。
(3)若用于倍数表达法,可用“倍数+as+ adj.+as”。
以练促学　单句写作
①If you have decided to do something,you’d better do it as soon as possible instead of putting it off. (建议信)
如果你已经决定做些什么,你最好尽快做而不是推迟。
教考衔接　单句写作
②Thanks to her generous help,now I can get twice as many scores as before. (人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
多亏她的慷慨帮助,我现在的分数是从前的两倍。
2.句型公式:not...but...不是……而是……
课本原句:This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习,而是要承认,通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的,也是有益的。
佳句背诵　
The value of life lies not in the length of days,but in the use that we make of them.
生命的价值不在于活了多少天,而在于我们如何使用这些日子。
(1)not...but...意思是“不是……而是……”,not后面接被否定的内容,but后面接被认可的事实。
(2)当连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语要与but后边的名词保持一致。
以练促学　单句写作
①I didn’t accept the job,not that I am unwilling to do it,but that I am unable to.
我没接受这份工作,不是因为我不愿做,而是因为我不能做。
教考衔接　单句写作
②What really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race. (新高考Ⅰ卷)
真正重要的不是冠军称号,而是参与者在比赛中所表现出来的决心。
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.She stared at me with a blank expression on her face. adj.没表情的
2.Whatever the outcome,we must resolutely proceed with our objective. n.目标
3.The bomb shelter has concrete walls that are three metres thick. n.混凝土
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.bound adj. 一定会,很可能会;有义务(做某事);准备前往(某地) vt.成为……的界限 vi.跳跃着跑 n.范围
①Children choose what they want to watch on television within the bounds of parental control. n.范围
②Tom came bounding into the room holding a letter. vi.跳跃着跑
③I boarded the train that was bound for Shanghai. adj.准备前往(某地)
④You’ve done so much work that you’re bound to pass the exam. adj.一定会
2.subscribe to 订阅;同意,赞成;捐赠,捐款
①No one but mad people would subscribe to the view that such a little child can earn a living. 同意,赞成
②This is the school the outstanding and patriotic scientist subscribed to generously in the past. 捐赠,捐款
③If you subscribe to the monthly magazine,it’ll be delivered to your door. 订阅
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Had it not been for the postal strike,my home letter might not have been held up.
2.It is said that the extension (extend) of the garden will take several weeks.
3.Prior to coming to your party,he occupied himself with a very important task.
4.Assuming (assume) that you are hired by the big firm,what shall we do to congratulate you
5.To attract more potential clients,the sales manager will give a presentation (present) on the new products online.
6.These receipts show that the price of the product is three times as much as it used to be.
7.It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other players are only tested at random.
8.Increases in home prices should typically keep pace with increases in wages.
9.To travel abroad can expose children to different languages and cultures.
10.He’s never done this type of work before;I’m not sure how he’ll fit in with the other people.
维度三　完成句子
1.It was at that time that I determined to go on working on the farm so that I could help support my family.
就在那时我决定继续在农场工作,以便能帮忙养家。
2.Take a deep breath and relax yourself instead of focusing (your attention) on what brings you stress,and you will fall asleep soon.
深呼吸,放松自己,而不是专注于带给你压力的事情,你就会很快入睡。
3.It not only exposed visitors to the history and culture behind, but also impressed on them the significance of preserving cultural heritage.
这不仅让参观者了解了其背后的历史和文化,也让他们意识到保护文化遗产的重要性。
4.It’s our thirst for knowledge and strong belief in keeping pace with times that will make us better for the future!
正是我们对知识的渴求和与时俱进的坚定信念,让我们的未来更加美好!
5.Faced with the sudden bad news,she struggled to compose herself.
面对突如其来的坏消息,她努力使自己镇定下来。
6.It dawned on me that my parents loved me more than themselves.
我渐渐明白,我的父母爱我胜过爱他们自己。
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(倡议书——坚持每天高效晨读)
假如你是一名英语课代表,为了帮助同学们提高学习英语的效率,你用英语给全班同学写了一封倡议书,倡导“坚持每天高效晨读”,内容如下:
1.倡议目的;
2.你对晨读的看法和建议;
3.希望大家积极响应。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①为了帮助提高学习英语的效率,我决心呼吁我们班所有的学生养成每天早上读英语的习惯。 (resolve)
Aiming to help improve the efficiency of learning English,I resolve to make an appeal to all of the students in our class to make it a habit to do English reading every morning.
②在我看来,我们绝不应该忽视早读的重要性。 (in no case,部分倒装)
As far as I’m concerned,in no case should we ignore the importance of morning reading.
③大声朗读是一种有效的方法,它不仅能帮助我们感受英语的魅力,还能使我们拥有良好的语感。 (enable,which引导非限制性定语从句)
It is an effective way to read aloud,which not only helps us feel the charm of English but also enables us to have a good sense of language.
④关于这些早读的任务,强烈建议我们把它们分解开来,一个一个地完成。 (in/with reference to,it作形式主语)
In/With reference to the tasks,it is strongly recommended that we should break down them and complete them one by one.
⑤假设我们坚持这样做,我们一定会很好地记住我们学过的东西。 (assumption,bound)
On the assumption that we stick to doing it in this way,we are bound to memorize what we have learned very well.
⑥我真诚地希望我们每个人都能立即采取行动,全身心地投入学习! (occupy)
I sincerely hope that everyone of us will take action immediately and be occupied in study heart and soul!
第二步　连句成文创佳作
My dear fellow students,
Aiming to help improve the efficiency of learning English,I resolve to make an appeal to all of the students in our class to make it a habit to do English reading every morning.
As far as I’m concerned,in no case should we ignore the importance of morning reading.
It is an effective way to read aloud,which not only helps us feel the charm of English but also enables us to have a good sense of language.In/With reference to the tasks,it is strongly recommended that we should break down them and complete them one by one.On the assumption that we stick to doing it in this way,we are bound to memorize what we have learned very well.
I sincerely hope that everyone of us will take action immediately and be occupied in study heart and soul!
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:患有自闭症的赛车手奥斯汀·莱利在赛道上克服困难,展现出惊人的驾驶才能。尽管日常生活中简单任务对他来说都很复杂,但一旦坐进赛车,他就能让人大吃一惊。莱利的赛车生涯从卡丁车开始,后来他成为加拿大首位获得赛车执照的自闭症患者,并在北美各地比赛,几乎每次都能登上领奖台。
场景续写1:
成功背后的艰辛→接受训练→改进人际交往→培养乐观的态度→学习赛车理论→提高赛车技能→父母牺牲了很多→比赛费用巨大→资金来源
However,behind every success for Riley and his family is a story of hardship.　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
场景续写2:
莱利在赛道之外也产生了影响→发起了一个名为“与自闭症比赛(Racing with Autism)”的教育运动→主持了数百场演讲→莱利想改变世界
Riley has also made a difference off the track.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
However,behind every success for Riley and his family is a story of hardship.On the one hand,Riley had to accept training.He improved his interpersonal skills and developed a positive and optimistic attitude.On the other hand,he worked hard to learn the theory of racing,underwent intensive training and boosted racing skills through frequent competitions.His parents sacrificed a lot to keep him racing.It was expensive.A weekend tournament could cost tens of thousands of dollars,not including travel,food and hotels.Their fund came from some sponsors,donations and commercial sales.
Riley has also made a difference off the track.He launched an education campaign named“Racing with Autism”.He hosted hundreds of presentations,telling kids,teachers and parents about his story.Families with children with autism felt if Riley could do what he was doing,their kids would have a chance too.Riley often tells us he wants to change the world.“I feel very happy and proud of what I’m doing...Because,yes,I’m a racer and yes,I love racing,but I’m doing it to change the world,” he says.“My heart is changing the world.”
　　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读D)
On March 7,1907,the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases,the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors,those errors aren’t always the same.Some people will tend to overestimate,and some to underestimate.When enough of these errors are averaged together,they cancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.If people are similar and tend to make the same errors,then their errors won’t cancel each other out.In more technical terms,the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.If for whatever reasons,people’s errors become correlated or dependent,the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.For instance,the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow up study with 100 university students,the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time,but it wasn’t the dominant response.Most frequently,the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.”Somehow,these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain,the potential implications for group discussion and decision making are enormous.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。作者从多个角度探讨群体智慧,指出群体讨论的结果比个人思考的结果更准确。
32.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A.The methods of estimation.
B.The underlying logic of the effect.
C.The causes of people’s errors.
D.The design of Galton’s experiment.
答案　B　[段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知,本段解释了“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑,故选B项。]
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if　　　　.
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
答案　D　[推理判断题。结合第二段中的“In more technical...be independent.”和第三段中的“when crowds were further...independent individuals”可知,Navajas的研究发现,即使团队成员的估算不是完全独立的,平均的估算准确度也会提高,故选D项。]
34.What did the follow up study focus on
A.The size of the groups.
B.The dominant members.
C.The discussion process.
D.The individual estimates.
答案　C　[细节理解题。通过第四段第一句话可知,在随后对100名大学生的研究中,研究人员的重点在于团队讨论中队员们干了什么,即讨论的过程,故选C项。]
35.What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies
A.Unclear. B.Dismissive.
C.Doubtful. D.Approving.
答案　D　[观点态度题。通过最后一段可知,虽然Navajas的研究有局限性,但是从他的研究看,团队讨论和做决定的潜在影响是巨大的,由此可判断作者对Navajas的研究持支持态度,故选D项。]
思维建模
揣摩段落大意
有时,作者可能不直接给出主题句,而是通过各种方法暗示给读者,这就需要读者充分发挥想象力与判断力,揣摩段落大意。
以例示法(如32题)
第一步:细揣摩,概括段意
作者在此段中没有给出主题句,需要我们揣摩其段意。本段解释了“群体智慧”效应背后的逻辑,特别是从人们在做估算时的错误出发,说明这些错误如何在群体中互相抵消,进而产生较为准确的结果。
第二步:析选项,斟酌判断
A 本段的重点不是描述具体的估算方法,而是在解释估算准确性的原理和逻辑。
B 本段的确是在解释“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑。因此,B选项准确反映了第2段的核心内容。
C 虽然段落提到了人们在估算中的一些倾向,比如高估或低估,但段落的重点并不是分析人们犯错的具体原因,而是解释这些错误如何被抵消。
D 第2段没有提及高尔顿实验的设计细节,而是侧重于解释“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:statistician n.统计学家;Para.2:independent adj.独立的;Para.3:phenomenon n.现象; Para.4:confident adj.自信的;dominant adj.主导的; Para.5:limitation n.限制 Para.1:average of estimates估计的平均值; Para.3:key finding关键发现;smaller groups更小的组; Para.4:global reduction全局减少; Para.5:potential implications潜在影响
析 长 难 语 句 Para.3:The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. [句式分析]　这是一个复合句。that引导表语从句,在这个从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词groups。 [尝试翻译]　这项研究的关键发现是,当人群被进一步分为可以进行讨论的小组时,这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体间的平均值更为准确。 [语言赏析]　句子采用了对比手法,强调了讨论后的群体与独立个体在估算准确性方面的差异。通过使用more accurate than的比较结构,清楚表达了群体智慧的优势。
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·嘉兴高三模拟)
I have always been proud of my handwriting,a skill I was taught in grade school.The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method,drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot.We were strictly prohibited from using block letters on our homework,as they lack the beauty.
Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive (草书).They type everything mostly on their phones.Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past.This has become a source of great sadness among traditionalists.
But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive.To my complete disbelief,not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards.They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent,but they said they honestly couldn’t read a thing I had written.One friend went so far as to ask if I could use block letters next time so that she could understand what I was writing.
Initially,I was angry.I had made the effort to cover an entire postcard with what I viewed as not just handwriting but calligraphy.But then I showed an English friend a postcard I’d just written,and he said that the only thing that was readily understandable was the letters “U.S.A.” The rest of it,he politely suggested,looked like “chicken scrawl”.
Looking at the postcard dispassionately,I unwillingly admit that he has a point.All the m’s and n’s run together,and the l’s look like t’s.The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s.So,from now on,I’m taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.
In fact,I just now sent an old friend a postcard.But this time,I simply wrote—in big block letters:
DEAR ALICE:
HI.
JOE.
I hope she gets the message.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对自己的草书书法感到自豪。尽管作者的朋友们很欣赏草书的美,但看不懂作者手写的明信片。所以为了清晰起见,他决定改用印刷体。这一转变显示了传统书法的美感与实际易读性之间的斗争。
1.What do we know about the Palmer Penmanship Method
A.It is characterized by big flowing lines.
B.It is rarely appreciated by traditionalists.
C.It was not allowed in students’ homework.
D.It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“The teacher was teaching...while extending their right foot.”可知,帕尔默书法的特点是线条大而流畅,故选A项。]
2.What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive
A.The popularity of block letters in recent times.
B.The younger generation’s disinterest in cursive.
C.His friends’ failure to comprehend his postcards.
D.His English friend’s suggestion on postcard design.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“But recently something happened...a thing I had written.”可知,作者朋友们无法理解他的明信片削弱了作者对草书的信念,故选C项。]
3.Why did the writer switch to block letters for communication
A.To deliver his message clearly.
B.To improve his handwriting skills.
C.To win praise from his friends.
D.To show his passion for calligraphy.
答案　A　[细节理解题。首先,锁定题干关键信息“switch to block letters for communication”;然后,利用定位法,回原文找到相关信息,即倒数第二段“So,from now on,I’m taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.”;最后,对号入座,题干中的switch to 在原文表述为using,题干中名词communication在原文中表述为动词communicate,故选A项。]
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The wide use of cursive.
B.The sad decline of cursive.
C.The value of preserving cursive.
D.The technique of writing in cursive.
答案　B　[文章大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Now it becomes apparent...a source of great sadness among traditionalists.”可知,文章主要讲的是草书可悲的衰落,故选B项。]
(2025·佛山高三模拟)
Initial conversations can have a huge impact on how relationships develop over time.People are often stuck in the impressions they think they might have made the minute they finish speaking with someone for the first time:“Did they like me or were they just being polite ” “Were they deep in thought or deeply bored ”
To find out whether these worries are necessary,we have conducted nearly 10 years of research.In our studies,participants in the UK talked with someone they had never met before.Afterward,they were asked how much they liked their conversation partner and how much they believed that their conversation partner liked them.This allowed us to compare how much people believed they were liked to how much they were actually liked.
Time and time again,we found that people left their conversations with negative feelings about the impression they made.That is,people systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like them and enjoy their company—a false belief we call the “liking gap”.
This bias (偏见) may seem like something that would occur only in initial interactions,but its effects extend far beyond a first impression.Surprisingly,the liking gap can constantly affect a variety of relationships,including interactions with coworkers,long after the initial conversations have taken place.Having a larger liking gap is associated with being less willing to ask workmates for help,less willing to provide workmates with open and honest feedback,and less willing to work on another project together.
There are numerous strategies to minimize your biased feelings.One place to start is shifting your focus of attention.Try to direct your attention to your conversation partner,be genuinely curious about them,ask them more questions,and really listen to their answers.The more you’re zeroed in on the other person,and the less you’re focused on yourself,the better your conversation will be and the less your mind will turn to all the things you think you didn’t do well.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是“好感认知差距”以及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响。
5.Why did the author carry out 10 years of research
A.To dismiss national concerns.
B.To check out a potential bias.
C.To enhance human communication.
D.To develop harmonious relationships.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段“Initial conversations...‘Were they deep in thought or deeply bored ’”以及第二段“To find out...nearly 10 years of research.”可知,作者进行10年的研究是为了找出潜在的偏见,故选B项。]
6.What is one effect of people’s liking gap
A.Fewer chances of new projects.
B.Underestimation of their ability.
C.Bad relationships with people around.
D.Low willingness to interact with others.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Having a larger liking gap...work on another project together.”可知,好感认知差距的一个影响是与他人互动的意愿低,故选D项。]
7.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A.Restate opinions.
B.Deliver warnings.
C.Give suggestions.
D.Make a summary.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are numerous strategies... you didn’t do well.”可知,作者在最后一段给出了减少偏见的建议,故选C项。]
8.Which might be the best title for the text
A.Liking Gap May Influence Work Performances
B.First Impressions Rely On Initial Conversations
C.People Probably Like You More Than You Think
D.How People Like You Matters Less Than You Assume
答案　C　[标题归纳题。根据第三段“Time and time again...the ‘liking gap’.”结合文章主要说明了什么是“好感认知差距”以及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响,可知C选项“人们可能比你想象的更喜欢你”是文章的最佳标题,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·江西师大附中高三模拟)
My work in cancer research was generating a lot of waste every day.As our research turned to full capacity,our waste production 　1　.
I went to my adviser and suggested the idea of 　2　3D printed lab tools out of some of our waste.She 　3　 me and then I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment.But after months of 　4　,the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly.So it was a welcome 　5　 when my co workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental 　6　.
We created a group to push for greener ways to 　7　.We began meeting monthly to come up with solutions.Over the following months,we 　8　 new recycling bins to each lab so that our plastic waste could be sorted 　9　.We created rules for each device to be energy efficient.I’m still disappointed that I couldn’t fully realize my 3D printing 　10　.I am stubborn enough to keep trying.But I’ve also learned that if one approach isn’t working,sometimes it’s best to 　11　 and look for other solutions.I’m thankful that with the help of the 　12　 community around me,we are able to do that.
I encourage scientists everywhere to think about ways to reduce the 　13　 impact of their own research.The work we do is important.But we should also do our part to be as sustainable as we can.After all,what 　14　 does our science have if,ultimately,there remains no 　15　 planet we can call our home
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在癌症研究工作中意识到研究产生的废物问题,之后采取了一些措施努力减少研究对环境造成的影响,并呼吁科学家们不要因为科学研究对地球造成伤害。
1.A.returned B.declined
C.stabilized D.rocketed
答案　D　[根据上文“As our research turned to full capacity”和下文“I went to my adviser and suggested the idea of 　　　　3D printed lab tools out of some of our waste.”可知,作者的研究工作会产生废弃物,随着他们的研究全面展开,相应的废弃物会迅速增多,故选D项。]
2.A.creating B.buying
C.borrowing D.renting
答案　A　[根据空后“3D printed lab tools out of some of our waste”以及“I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment”可知,作者觉得研究中产生的废弃物太多,所以他找导师建议用这些废弃物打造实验室工具,故选A项。]
3.A.suspected B.criticized
C.encouraged D.comforted
答案　C　[根据空后“I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment”可知,作者的导师同意了他的建议,并鼓励了他,让他成功获得了购买回收设备的资金,故选C项。]
4.A.struggle B.discussion
C.training D.confusion
答案　A　[根据空后“the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly”可知,虽然作者努力了几个月,但是这个项目并没有像他想象的那样进展顺利,故选A项。]
5.A.source B.relief
C.target D.success
答案　B　[根据空后“when my co workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental 　　　　”可知,作者的方法并没有起作用,所以当同事们提出其他的方法时,作者感到松了一口气。“relief” 表示在困境中得到帮助或找到新方法的轻松感,故选B项。]
6.A.distribution B.option
C.phase D.footprint
答案　D　[根据空前“when my co workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental”可知,同事们也提出一些减少环境足迹的方法。“footprint”在此指的是研究活动对环境造成的影响,故选D项。]
7.A.cure B.defend
C.operate D.negotiate
答案　C　[根据空后“We began meeting monthly to come up with solutions.”可知,作者的团队成立了一个小组,来改进实验室操作方式以减少对环境的影响,故选C项。]
8.A.commented B.introduced
C.moved D.knocked
答案　B　[根据空后“new recycling bins to each lab”可知,作者的团队以更加绿色的方式来改进实验室的操作,所以此处应指他们引入了新的回收箱,故选B项。]
9.A.properly B.typically
C.naturally D.annually
答案　A　[根据上文“we 　　　　new recycling bins to each lab”可知,作者的实验室引入了新的回收箱,为了能够正确的给塑料废弃物分类,故选A项。]
10.A.recipe B.prevention
C.vision D.association
答案　C　[根据第二段中的“But after months of 　　　　,the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly.”可知,作者以前提出的3D打印的设想并没有实现,所以他感到非常的失望,故选C项。]
11.A.set off B.speak out
C.hold on D.step back
答案　D　[根据空后“and look for other solutions”可知,作者的方法在努力之后依然行不通,所以他觉得有时候需要后退一步,寻找新的方法,故选D项。]
12.A.local B.academic
C.final D.new
答案　B　[根据上文“I’m thankful”可知,作者能够做到这些是因为其他的学术团体帮助了他。“academic community” 指的是科研领域内的同行和团队,故选B项。]
13.A.fundamental B.historical
C.environmental D.financial
答案　C　[根据第二段中的“when my co workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental 　　　　”可知,作者鼓励科学家们思考如何减少自己的研究对环境造成的影响,故选C项。]
14.A.significance B.possibility
C.fortune D.depth
答案　A　[根据下文“if,ultimately,there remains no 　　　　planet we can call our home”可知,作者觉得如果地球遭到了破坏,那么科学研究就没有意义了,故选A项。]
15.A.broad B.supportive
C.different D.particular
答案　B　[根据全文语境可知,如果地球遭到了破坏,不再是一个能支持生命存在、适合人类居住的可持续发展的星球,那么科学研究也没有了意义。supportive“给予帮助的,支持的”,故选B项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·南京金陵中学高三模拟)
Pan Yuzhen,a master of embroidery (刺绣),was embroidering flying butterflies and flowers with her back 1.　　　　　　 a window,saying,“Foreigners are so fond of our embroidery products
2.　　　　　　 they even line up just waiting to buy one for their families.I never
3.　　　　　　 (think) the traditional skills handed down by my ancestors would become so
4.　　　　　　 (market) abroad.”
“As you can see,Miao embroidery is not only the 5.　　　　　　 (proud) of our Miao people,but that of our Chinese people,” Pan said,6.　　　　　　 wants to pass her embroidery skills down to the younger generation,hoping that they can continue to promote the unique skills.Now,almost all families in Taijiang County together with Pan 7.　　　　　　 (involve) in the Miao costume business.
Zhang Yanmei,Pan’s daughter,having difficulty 8.　　　　　　 (walk) like normal people,has taken over her mother’s business and helped her run a clothing processing plant.Zhang also serves as the chairwoman of an association for the 9.　　　　　　 (physical) disabled,helping them to grow special plants used for dyeing (给……染色) cloth and instructing some of them 10.　　　　　　 (complete) Miao embroidery orders.Today,the Miao embroidery industry has become a major distinctive industry in Taijiang County.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了贵州台江县的苗绣非遗传承人潘玉珍如何带动全县制作苗绣,使苗绣产业蓬勃发展并走向世界的故事。
1.against　[考查介词。此处表示“背靠着窗户”,应用介词against“倚着,靠着”,故填against。]
2.that　[考查状语从句。外国人非常喜欢我们的刺绣产品,他们甚至会排队等待只为给家人买一件。此处为固定句型so...that...“如此……以至于……”,故填that。]
3.thought　[考查时态。根据宾语从句中的“would become”可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填thought。]
4.marketable　[考查词性转换。潘玉珍说她从没想过她的祖先传下来的传统技艺会在国外如此畅销。become为系动词,空处为表语且被副词so修饰,应用形容词,故填marketable。]
5.pride　[考查词性转换。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知,空处应用名词,故填pride。]
6.who　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰表示人的先行词Pan,且从句缺少主语,故填who。]
7.are involved　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Now”可知,此处应用一般现在时;主语和involve“(使)参加,加入”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是almost all families,不是Pan,谓语用复数形式,故填are involved。]
8.walking　[考查非谓语动词。此处考查have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”这一固定搭配,故填walking。]
9.physically　[考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词disabled,应用副词,故填physically。]
10.to complete　[考查非谓语动词。instruct sb to do sth“指导某人做某事”是固定搭配,此处应用不定式,故填to complete。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:fancy adj.精致的,花哨的;Para.2:source n.来源;Para.4:initially adv.起初; Para.5:dispassionately adv.冷静地
B Para.1:initial adj.最初的;Para.3:negative adj.负面的;systematically adv.系统地; underestimate v.低估;Para.4:interaction n.互动;feedback n.反馈;Para.5:strategy n.策略
A Para.6:simply　熟义:adv.简单地;生义:adv.仅仅
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:be proud of以……为荣;Para.3:complain about抱怨;next time下次
B Para.1:over time随着时间的推移;be stuck in被困在;Para.3:time and time again一次又一次; Para.4:far beyond远远超出;a variety of各种;be willing to愿意;Para.5:zero in on集中全部注意力于
长 难 句 式 A Para.3:They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent,but they said they honestly couldn’t read a thing I had written. [分析]　这是一个并列复合句。连词but连接两个并列句。在第一个并列句中定语从句I regularly sent修饰先行词postcards;在第二个并列句中they honestly couldn’t read a thing作动词said的宾语;定语从句I had written修饰先行词thing。 [译文]　他们很感激我定期寄送的美丽的明信片,但他们说他们真的看不懂我写的任何话。
B Para.3:That is,people systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like them and enjoy their company—a false belief we call the“liking gap”. [分析]　这是一个复合句。how much引导从句作动词underestimate的宾语;破折号后的a false belief we call the“liking gap”作同位语解释前面的内容;定语从句we call the“liking gap”修饰先行词belief。 [译文]　也就是说,人们系统地低估了对话伙伴对他们的喜欢程度以及享受他们陪伴的程度——我们称之为“好感认知差距”的错误观念。(共157张PPT)
UNIT 4　Never too old to learn
选择性必修第四册
主题语境:乐于学习，善于学习，终身学习
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.verbal adj.　　口头的;言语的,文字的
2.vocational adj. 职业的,业务知识的
3.geometry n. 几何(学);几何形状
4.laptop n. 笔记本电脑,便携式电脑
5.statistic n. 统计数字,统计资料
6.certificate n. 文凭,结业证书;证明,证明书
7.beard n. 胡须,络腮胡子
8.sneeze vi. 打喷嚏
n. 喷嚏,喷嚏声
9.tablet n. 平板电脑;药片
10.institution n. 机构;风俗习惯,制度
11.kettle n. 壶,水壶
12.domain n. 领域,范围;领土;域
13.circuit n. 电路,线路;环行;赛车道
14.cafeteria n. 自助餐厅,自助食堂
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.never cease to learn 　　 永不停止学习
2.grasp abstract concepts 掌握抽象概念
3.the prospect of a cashless economy无现金经济的前景
4.ask a random sample of people 随机挑选一些人询问
5.change into a mature adult 变成一个成熟的成年人
6.a 3,000-word essay on geometry 一篇3 000字的几何学文章
7.draft the report 起草这个报告
8.polish your article 润色你的文章
9.the dormitory buildings 宿舍楼
10.look out of the carriage window从马车窗向外看
11.sign in the blank space 在空白处签字
12.be bound to pass the exam 一定会通过考试
13.concrete evidence 确凿的证据
14.principal objective 主要目标
15.an electric drill 电钻
16.bounce into the office 蹦蹦跳跳地走进办公室
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.compose vt.& vi.　 组成,构成;作曲;创作
　composition n. 构图;构成,成分;作品;作曲艺术
　composer n. 作曲家
2.educate vt. 教育,教导
　education n. 教育,教育学
　educator n. 教育家;教育工作者
　educated adj. 受过教育的;有教养的
3.resolve vt.& vi. 解决;表决;决心,决定
　　　　n. 决心,坚定的信念
　resolution n. 坚定;解决;决心
4.refresh vt. 使变新;使恢复精力;使想起
　refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的
　refreshed adj. 恢复了精力的,精神振作的
5.criticize vt.& vi. 批评,批判,挑剔,指责;评价
　criticism n. 批评,批判;评论
　critical adj. 批评的,批判的;关键的,至关重要的
　critic n. 批评家,评论家
6.inquire vi.& vt. 询问,打听
　inquiry n. 询问,打听;查询
7.register vi.& vt. 登记,注册
　　　　n. 语体风格,语域;登记表
　registration n. 登记,注册
8.subscribe vi. 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等)
　subscription n. 订阅,订购
9.comprehend vt. 理解,领悟
　comprehension n. 理解力,领悟能力;理解练习
10.assume vt. 假定,假设
　assumption n. 假定,假设
　assuming conj. 假设……为真;假如
11.occupy vt. 占用,使用;居住
　occupation n. 工作,职业;消遣;侵占,占领期;使用
　occupied adj. 使用中;忙于;被占领的
12.recreation n. 娱乐,消遣
　recreational adj. 消遣的;娱乐的
13.tight adv. 紧紧地,牢固地
　　　adj. 牢固的;严格的;密集的;亲密的
　tightly adv. 牢固地,紧紧地;紧密地
　tighten vt. & vi. (使)变紧;加强
14.refer vi. 提到;谈及;描述;参考;指
　reference n. 参考;提到;推荐信
　　　　vt. 查阅,参考
15.present vt. 把……交给;颁发;提出
　presentation n. 幻灯片演示;提交,授予;展示会;演出
16.extend vt. 延伸,扩大
　extension n. (为非全日制学生开设的)进修部,进修课;扩大,延伸
17.qualify vt. 使合格,使具备资格
　　　　vi. 取得资格(或学历),合格
　qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格,资历;
学历;合格,达到标准
petent adj. 足以胜任的,有能力的,称职的
　competence n. 能力;胜任
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.in a flash 转瞬间,立即
2.take a deep breath 深吸气,深呼吸
3.compose oneself 使自己镇定下来
4.stay up 熬夜
5.dawn on 使开始明白,使渐渐领悟
6.be impressed on/upon sb 某人意识到
7.subscribe to 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等);同意,赞成
8.bounce ideas off sb 向某人试探地透露主意
9.be bound to 一定会,很可能会
10.keep pace with sb/sth 与……步调一致,与……并驾齐驱
11.be perceived as 被视为……
12.be exposed to 接触;暴露于
e up with 提出,想出
14.fit in 适应
15.hold on to 抓住……不放;坚持
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.I once had an art teacher,pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important,but also what you cannot see.(强调句型)
我曾经的一位美术老师指出,不仅你看到的东西很重要,你看不到的东西也很重要。
2.New knowledge is constantly being generated and what you already know is being revised all the time,to the extent that it can be difficult to keep pace with the latest developments.(what引导主语从句)
新的知识不断产生,你所熟识的知识不断被修订,以至于很难跟上知识最新的变化形势。
3.This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(not...but...)
这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习,而是要承认,通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的,也是有益的。
4.At the same time,you need to develop critical thinking skills so that you do not blindly accept new ideas.(so that引导结果状语从句)
与此同时,你们需要培养批判性思维技能,这样你们就不会盲目接受新的思想。
5.Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.(否定词置于句首引起的倒装)
我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。
6....the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves.(as...as...)
……成功的构图中,物体之间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。
词汇横拓串记
易错变形名词(1) 易错变形名词(2) “动词+up with”短语一览
①assume→assumption假定;设想 ②consume→consumption消费 ③describe→description描述;描写 ④curious→curiosity求知欲;好奇心 ⑤generous→generosity慷慨 ⑥recognize→recognition认可 ⑦explain→explanation说明,解释 ⑧pronounce→pronunciation发音 ⑨compete→competition竞争;比赛 ⑩qualify→qualification资格 11vary→variety种类 12choose→choice选择 ①put up with忍耐;忍受;熬过
②keep up with与……同步;
跟上(强调状态)
③catch up with跟上(强调动作)
④end up with以……结束
⑤come up with提出;想出
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.verbal language 　　 　　　　　　语言
2.public domain 公共　　　　　
3.vocational training 　　　　　　培训
4.have lunch at the school cafeteria
在学校的　　　　　　吃午饭
5.according to the statistics 根据　　　　　
口头
Step One　写一写
领域
职业
自助餐厅
统计数据
6.degree certificate 学位　　　　　
7.a tall gentleman with beard
一个留着　　　　　　的高挑绅士
8.be good at geometry 擅长　　　　　
9.low-powered laptop 低功率　　　　　
10.start coughing and sneezing
开始咳嗽和　　　　　
证书
络腮胡
几何学
笔记本电脑
打喷嚏
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 adj.　一定会,很可能会;有义务(做某事)
2.　　　　　　 vt. (向某人)试探地透露(主意)
vi. 跳动
n. 弹跳;活力
3.　　　　　　 n. 成功的机会,前景;可能性
4.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.培训,训练;钻(孔)
n. 练习,训练;钻,钻头
bound
bounce
prospect
drill
5.　　　　　　 adj. 明白事理的,成熟的
vi. 成熟,长成;有判断力
6.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 修改,润饰;擦光,磨光
n. 抛光,上光;完美,娴熟,精湛
7.　　　　　　 n. 草稿,草案,草图
vt. 起草,草拟
mature
polish
draft
8.　　　　　　 n. 学生宿舍,集体宿舍
9.　　　　　　 adj. 空白的;没表情的
n. 空白处,空格
10.　　　　　　 adj. 客观的;客观存在的;宾格的
n. 目标,目的
11.　　　　　　 n. 文章,短文
12.　　　　　　 adj. 抽象的,纯理论的
vt. 把……抽象出,提取
13.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.(使)停止,终止,结束
dormitory
blank
objective
essay
abstract
cease
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.解决;表决;决心,决定
n. 决心,坚定的信念
　　　　　　　 n. 坚定;解决;决心
2.　　　　　　 vt. 教育,教导
　　　　　　　 n. 教育,教育学
　　　　　　　 n. 教育家;教育工作者
　　　　　　　 adj. 受过教育的;有教养的
resolve
resolution
educate
education
educator
educated
3.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.登记,注册
　　　　　　　n. 语体风格,语域;登记表
　　　　　　　 n. 登记,注册
4.　　　　　　 vi. 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等)
　　　　　　　 n. 订阅,订购
5.　　　　　　 vt. 把……交给;颁发;提出
　　　　　　　 n. 幻灯片演示;提交,授予;展示会;演出
register
registration
subscribe
subscription
present
presentation
6.　　　　　　 adv. 紧紧地,牢固地
　　　　　　　adj. 牢固的;严格的; 密集的;亲密的
　　　　　　　 adv. 牢固地,紧紧地;紧密地
　　　　　　　 vt. & vi.(使)变紧;加强
7.　　　　　　 vt. 使变新;使恢复精力;使想起
　　　　　　　 adj. 令人耳目一新的
　　　　　　　 adj. 恢复了精力的,精神振作的
tight
tightly
tighten
refresh
refreshing
refreshed
8.　　　　　　 vi. 提到;谈及;描述;参考;指
　　　　　　　 n. 参考;提到;推荐信
　　　　　　　vt. 查阅,参考
9.　　　　　　 vt. 理解,领悟
　　　 　　　　 n. 理解力,领悟能力;理解练习
10.　　　　　　 vt. 假定,假设
　　　　　　　 n. 假定,假设
　　　　　　　 conj. 假设……为真;假如
refer
reference
comprehend
comprehension
assume
assumption
assuming
11.　　　　　　 vt. 占用,使用;居住
　　　　　　　 n. 工作,职业;消遣;侵占,占领期;使用
　　　　　　　 adj. 使用中;忙于;被占领的
12.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 询问,打听
　 　　　　　　n. 询问,打听;查询
13.　　　　　　 vt. 延伸,扩大
　　　　　　　 n.(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部,进修课;扩大,延伸
occupy
occupation
occupied
inquire
inquiry
extend
extension
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.　　　　　　　　　一定会,很可能会
2.　　　　 　　　 与……步调一致, 与……并驾齐驱
3.　　　　　　　 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等);同意,赞成
4.　　　　　　　 转瞬间,立即
5.　　　　　　 　 深吸气,深呼吸
be bound to
keep pace with sb/sth
subscribe to
in a flash
take a deep breath
6.stay up 　　　　　　　
7.be exposed to 　　　　　　　
8.come up with 　　　　　　　
9.fit in 　　　　　　　
10.hold on to 　　　　　　 　
熬夜
接触;暴露于
提出,想出
适应
抓住……不放;坚持
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:not...but...
　It‘s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　,
but what we do consistently.
　决定我们一生的不是我们一时所做的事,而是我们一贯所做的事。
not what we do in a while that shapes our lives
2.句型公式:as...as...
　However,making a paper bag uses 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而,生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍,耗水量则多达三倍。
four times as much energy as
3.句型公式:否定词置于句首引起的倒装
　　 　　　 　　　　　　 his children who ran around the yard playing happily.
我很少发现他对在院子里跑来跑去快乐玩耍的孩子们不耐烦。
Rarely have I found him impatient with
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.The writer is p　　　　　　 the article to be published in a newspaper next week.
2.Under no circumstances will I give up the o　　　　　　 of setting up my own company.
3.Sometimes it may be helpful to use examples to explain
a　　　　　　 concepts.
olishing
Step Two　练一练
bjective
bstract
4.The ball b　　　　　　 twice before he could reach it.
5.There was a b　　　　　　 look on his face because he did not know the answer.
6.There is no doubt that a major with a better p　　　　　　 is more likely to guarantee a better future.
ounced
lank
rospect
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Don't 　　　　　　that you are a princess and stop living in
　　　　　　any more.(assume)
2.The new government plans to 　　　　　　the original road,the
　　　　　　of which will help improve the trade.(extend)
3.If it is difficult for you to digest the graphs I 　　　　　　during the 　　　　　　,ask our market leader for more information.
(present)
assume
assumptions
extend
extension
presented
presentation
4.In order to give her good 　　　　　　,her parents sent her to a famous school to be 　　　　　　. (educate)
5.His 　　　　　　is teaching,and his time is fully 　　　　　　by his students.He always thinks about the work,and how to teach the students well 　　　　　　his mind.(occupy)
6.When giving a speech,you'd better not 　　　　　 to your notes,of course including other 　　　　　　materials.(refer)
education
educated
occupation
occupied
occupies
refer
reference
Ⅲ.短语填空
come up with　hold on to　be exposed to　stay up　fit in
1.Day after day I work very hard and have to 　　　　　　late doing piles of papers.
2.He tried as much as he could 　　　　　　but he could not because his mind was at home.
stay up
to fit in
3.You may get sunstroke when you 　 　　　　　the sun too long.
4.The boy 　　　　　　the bush until someone came down to rescue him.
5.In order to solve this problem,Shang Yang 　　　　　　an idea.
are exposed to
held on to
came up with
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You may have an experience that 1.　　　　　 you've read may fly right out of your head in 2.　　　　　　 flash.And then your mind goes blank.The following tips may be helpful to those who resolve 3.　　　　　　 (remember) something after reading.
what
a
to remember
If there exists something which is beyond comprehension in reading materials,there is no need to criticize yourself
4.　　　　　　 not pose 5.　　　　　　 (you) and refer to a dictionary or inquire about it of your teacher.Besides,a book which 6.　　　　　　 (refresh) your memory of a friend enables you to feel a connection and this connection helps you remember some contents easily.So you can subscribe to the 7.　　　　　　 (assume)
for
yourself
refreshes
assumption
that the connections should be made whenever possible.In addition,
8. 　　　　　 (give) a presentation of what you read is
9.　　　　　　 (help) too.In conclusion,read more and polish up your reading skills,10.　　　　　　 you are bound to remember what you read!
giving
helpful
and
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.2 写作迁移
1.assumption n.假定,假设;设想→assume vt.假定,假设;承担(责任);
取得(权力);呈现;假装(生义)→assuming conj.假设……为真;假如
佳句背诵　
On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union,I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.(发言稿)
假如我被选为学生会主席,我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。
on the assumption that...　 假定……
make an assumption that... 认为,假定……
assume sb/sth (to be)+ adj./n. 假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is generally assumed that... 人们普遍认为……
assuming (that)... 假设……
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①We assumed him 　　　　　　(be) the best writer of our time and thought highly of him.
②It would have been easy to rely on my 　　　　　　　　(assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.(2024·浙江1月卷)
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 has little effect on the environment,but every effort counts.(演讲稿)
人们普遍认为个人的举动对环境的影响很小,但每一点努力都很重要。
to be
assumptions
It is generally assumed that what a person does
教考衔接　单句写作
④Some students may share common interests or learning needs, and they can help and motivate each other.However, 　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　, their full potential might not be realized.(建议信,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
有些学生可能有共同的兴趣或学习需求,他们可以互相帮助和激励。然而,假设他们被分配到不同的小组,他们的全部潜力可能得不到发挥。
on the assumption
that/assuming that they are assigned to different groups
2.presentation n.幻灯片演示;提交,授予;展示会;演出→present vt.
把……交给;颁发,授予 (award);提出,提交;表现,展现
佳句背诵　
I feel greatly honoured to give a presentation about the Mid-Autumn Festival.(演讲稿) 我非常荣幸能做一个关于中秋节的演讲。
give a presentation 介绍,展示;举办展示会;做报告
present sb with sth 给某人颁发某物
present sth to sb 颁发/授予某物给某人;把某物提交给某人
以练促学　一句多译
①我们的校长将向在接力赛中表现好的学生颁奖。
→Our headmaster 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the relay race.
→Our headmaster 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
will present awards to the students who
perform well
will present the students who perform well in the
relay race with awards
教考衔接　单句写作
②In the self-study room, you can get access to free Wi-Fi,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(邀请信,2022·浙江6月卷)
在自习室,你可以使用免费Wi-Fi,这方便你做报告。
making it convenient for you to give a presentation
3.bound adj.一定会,很可能会;有义务(做某事);正旅行去(某地);准备前
往(某地) vt.形成……的边界(或界限)n.& vi.跳跃
佳句背诵　
I am convinced that only if you are devoted to the competition are you bound to succeed.
我相信只要你全身心投入到比赛中就一定会成功。
be bound to do sth 一定会/很可能会做某事
be bound for 去往……
以练促学　单句写作
①I would be very thankful if you could　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 tomorrow morning.
如果你能预订一张明天早上去武汉的车票,我会非常感激的。
reserve a ticket for
the train bound for Wuhan
教考衔接　单句写作
②To conclude,your practical suggestions 　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 appeal to more foreigners.(求助信,2021·全国甲卷)
总之,你的切实可行的建议一定可以使我们的关于中国传统文化的主题班会吸引更多的外国人。
are bound to make our
theme class meeting about traditional Chinese cultures
4.resolve vt.& vi.解决;表决;决心,决定 n.决心,坚定的信念→resolution
n.解决;坚定;决心
佳句背诵　
They resolved to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas period. 他们下定决心要减去圣诞期间增加的体重。
以练促学　同义句转换
①They decided to start early,with the intention of getting to the campsite before night fell.
→They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, aiming at getting to the campsite before night fell.(resolution)
→They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in order to get to the campsite before night fell.(resolve)
made a resolution to start early
resolved to start early
教考衔接　单句写作
②Inspired by him, I have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 regardless of any difficulties.
在他的激励下,我决心无论遇到什么困难都要坚持自己的目标。
resolved to stick/resolved on
sticking to my aim
5.hold on to抓住……不放;坚持
佳句背诵　
One thing I want you to hold on to is that,regardless of where you are coming from,you can make it.
我希望你们能够坚持的一件事是,无论你们来自哪里,你们都能成功。
hold on (打电话用语)请等一下,不要挂断;坚持住,挺住
hold out (食物等)维持;坚持;伸出
hold off 推迟,延迟;使疏远或避开
hold back 阻挡;抵制;克制;控制;退缩
hold up 举起;支撑;耽搁
以练促学　用hold 短语完成语段
①Having been 　　　　　　by the traffic congestion for one hour,he couldn’t 　　　　　　his anger any longer and gave up the job interview that day,which caused him to lose the opportunity.So remember when problems arise,be patient.Don’t leave things half done.　　　　　　 your aim and you will make it.
教考衔接　单句语法填空
②I felt he treated me as though I would hold him 　　　　　　and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.(2022·浙江1月卷)
held up
hold back
Hold on to
back
When we do something difficult, we often make assumptions. A good presentation of our assumptions is bound to give us some inspiration. We will hold on to it and resolve to overcome all kinds of difficulties. In this way,success will be waved to us!
1.句型公式:as...as...
课本原句:...the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves.
……成功的构图中,物体之间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。
佳句背诵　
Mary devoted as much time as she could to polish her essay to get the certificate. 玛丽花了尽可能多的时间来完善她的论文以获得证书。
(1)as...as...用于原级比较,中间用形容词或副词的原级,意为“和……一样……”。
(2)若涉及数量或程度,可用“as much+不可数名词+as”和“as many+可数名词复数+as”。
(3)若用于倍数表达法,可用“倍数+as+ adj.+as”。
以练促学　单句写作
①If you have decided to do something, 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 instead of putting it off.(建议信)
如果你已经决定做些什么,你最好尽快做而不是推迟。
教考衔接　单句写作
②Thanks to her generous help,now I can 　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (人物介绍,全国Ⅰ卷)
多亏她的慷慨帮助,我现在的分数是从前的两倍。
you'd better do it as
soon as possible
get twice as many scores
as before.
2.句型公式:not...but...不是……而是……
课本原句:This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习,而是要承认,通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的,也是有益的。
佳句背诵　
The value of life lies not in the length of days,but in the use that we make of them.
生命的价值不在于活了多少天,而在于我们如何使用这些日子。
(1)not...but...意思是“不是……而是……”,not后面接被否定的内容,but后面接被认可的事实。
(2)当连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语要与but后边的名词保持一致。
以练促学　单句写作
①I didn’t accept the job,not that I am unwilling to do it,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我没接受这份工作,不是因为我不愿做,而是因为我不能做。
but that I am unable to
教考衔接　单句写作
②What really mattered was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　 that participants showed during the race.
(新高考Ⅰ卷)
真正重要的不是冠军称号,而是参与者在比赛中所表现出来的决心。
not the title of championship but
the determination
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　熟词生义/一词多义
Ⅰ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.She stared at me with a blank expression on her face. 　　　　　
2.Whatever the outcome,we must resolutely proceed with our objective. 　　　　　
3.The bomb shelter has concrete walls that are three metres thick.
　　　　　
adj.没表情的
n.目标
n.混凝土
Ⅱ.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
1.bound adj. 一定会,很可能会;有义务(做某事);准备前往(某地) vt.成
为……的界限 vi.跳跃着跑 n.范围
n.范围
①Children choose what they want to watch on television within the bounds of parental control. 　　　　　
②Tom came bounding into the room holding a letter. 　　　　　
③I boarded the train that was bound for Shanghai.
　　　　 　
④You’ve done so much work that you’re bound to pass the exam.
　　　　　
vi.跳跃着跑
adj.准备前往(某地)
adj.一定会
2.subscribe to 订阅;同意,赞成;捐赠,捐款
同意,赞成
①No one but mad people would subscribe to the view that such a little child can earn a living. 　　　　　
②This is the school the outstanding and patriotic scientist subscribed to generously in the past. 　　　　　
③If you subscribe to the monthly magazine,it’ll be delivered to your door. 　　　　　
捐赠,捐款
订阅
维度二　核心知识运用
1.Had it not been for the postal strike,my home letter might not have been held 　　　　　　.
2.It is said that the 　　　　　　(extend) of the garden will take several weeks.
3.Prior to coming to your party,he occupied himself　　　　　　　a very important task.
up
extension
with
4.　　　　　　 (assume) that you are hired by the big firm,what shall we do to congratulate you
5.To attract more potential clients,the sales manager will give a
　　　　　　(present) on the new products online.
6.These receipts show that the price of the product is three times as much 　　　　　　 it used to be.
7.It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other players are only tested 　　　　　　 random.
Assuming
presentation
as
at
8.Increases in home prices should typically keep pace
　　　　　　　increases in wages.
9.To travel abroad can expose children 　　　　　　different languages and cultures.
10.He’s never done this type of work before;I’m not sure how he’ll fit
　　　　　　with the other people.
with
to
in
维度三　完成句子
1.It was at that time that I determined to go on working on the farm 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 就在那时我决定继续在农场工作,以便能帮忙养家。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 instead of focusing (your attention) on what brings you stress,and you will fall asleep soon.
深呼吸,放松自己,而不是专注于带给你压力的事情,你就会很快入睡。
so that I could help support my family
Take a deep breath and relax yourself
3.It not only exposed visitors to the history and culture behind, but also 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 　
这不仅让参观者了解了其背后的历史和文化,也让他们意识到保护文化遗产的重要性。
impressed on them the significance of preserving
cultural heritage.
4.It’s our thirst for knowledge and 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that will make us better for the future!
正是我们对知识的渴求和与时俱进的坚定信念,让我们的未来更加美好!
5.Faced with the sudden bad news,she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
面对突如其来的坏消息,她努力使自己镇定下来。
strong belief in keeping
pace with times
struggled to compose herself
6.It 　　　　　　　　　　　 that my parents loved me more than themselves.
我渐渐明白,我的父母爱我胜过爱他们自己。
dawned on me
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.应用文写作专练(倡议书——坚持每天高效晨读)
　　假如你是一名英语课代表,为了帮助同学们提高学习英语的效率,你用英语给全班同学写了一封倡议书,倡导“坚持每天高效晨读”,内容如下:
1.倡议目的;
2.你对晨读的看法和建议;
3.希望大家积极响应。
第一步　根据要点写美句
①为了帮助提高学习英语的效率,我决心呼吁我们班所有的学生养成每天早上读英语的习惯。(resolve)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Aiming to help improve the efficiency of learning English,I resolve to make an appeal to all of the students in our class to make it a habit to do English reading every morning.
②在我看来,我们绝不应该忽视早读的重要性。(in no case,部分倒装)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
③大声朗读是一种有效的方法,它不仅能帮助我们感受英语的魅力,还能使我们拥有良好的语感。(enable,which引导非限制性定语从句)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
As far as I'm concerned,in no case should we ignore the importance of morning reading.
It is an effective way to read aloud,which not only helps us feel the charm of English but also enables us to have a good sense of language.
④关于这些早读的任务,强烈建议我们把它们分解开来,一个一个地完成。(in/with reference to,it作形式主语)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
In/With reference to the tasks,it is strongly recommended that we should break down them and complete them one by one.
⑤假设我们坚持这样做,我们一定会很好地记住我们学过的东西。
(assumption,bound)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
On the assumption that we stick to doing it in this way,we are bound to memorize what we have learned very well.
⑥我真诚地希望我们每个人都能立即采取行动,全身心地投入学习!(occupy)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
I sincerely hope that everyone of us will take action immediately and be occupied in study heart and soul!
第二步　连句成文创佳作
My dear fellow students,
Aiming to help improve the efficiency of learning English,I resolve to make an appeal to all of the students in our class to make it a habit to do English reading every morning.
As far as I'm concerned,in no case should we ignore the importance of morning reading.
It is an effective way to read aloud,which not only helps us feel the charm of English but also enables us to have a good sense of language.In/With reference to the tasks,it is strongly recommended that we should break down them and complete them one by one.On the assumption that we stick to doing it in this way,we are bound to memorize what we have learned very well.
I sincerely hope that everyone of us will take action immediately and be occupied in study heart and soul!
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:患有自闭症的赛车手奥斯汀·莱利在赛道上克服困难,展现出惊人的驾驶才能。尽管日常生活中简单任务对他来说都很复杂,但一旦坐进赛车,他就能让人大吃一惊。莱利的赛车生涯从卡丁车开始,后来他成为加拿大首位获得赛车执照的自闭症患者,并在北美各地比赛,几乎每次都能登上领奖台。
【参考范文】
However,behind every success for Riley and his family is a story of hardship. On the one hand,Riley had to accept training.He improved his interpersonal skills and developed a positive and optimistic attitude.On the other hand,he worked hard to learn the theory of racing,underwent intensive training and boosted racing skills through frequent competitions.His parents sacrificed a lot to keep him racing.It was expensive.A weekend tournament could cost tens of thousands of dollars,not including travel,food and hotels.Their fund came from some sponsors,donations and commercial sales.
Riley has also made a difference off the track. He launched an education campaign named“Racing with Autism”.He hosted hundreds of presentations,telling kids,teachers and parents about his story. Families with children with autism felt if Riley could do what he was doing,their kids would have a chance too.Riley often tells us he wants to change the world.“I feel very happy and proud of what I'm doing...Because,yes,I'm a racer and yes,I love racing,but I'm doing it to change the world,” he says.“My heart is changing the world.”
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读D)
On March 7,1907,the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases,the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors,those errors aren’t always the same.Some people will tend to overestimate,and some to underestimate.When enough of these errors are averaged together,they cancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.If people are similar and tend to make the same errors,then their errors won’t cancel each other out.In more technical terms,the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.If for whatever reasons,people’s errors become correlated or dependent,the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.For instance,the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students,the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time,but it wasn’t the dominant response.Most frequently,the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.”Somehow,these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain,the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。作者从多个角度探讨群体智慧,指出群体讨论的结果比个人思考的结果更准确。
32.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A.The methods of estimation.
B.The underlying logic of the effect.
C.The causes of people’s errors.
D.The design of Galton’s experiment.
√
解析　段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知,本段解释了“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑,故选B项。
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even
if　　　　.
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
√
解析　推理判断题。结合第二段中的“In more technical...be independent.”和第三段中的“when crowds were further...independent individuals”可知,Navajas的研究发现,即使团队成员的估算不是完全独立的,平均的估算准确度也会提高,故选D项。
34.What did the follow-up study focus on
A.The size of the groups.
B.The dominant members.
C.The discussion process.
D.The individual estimates.
√
解析　细节理解题。通过第四段第一句话可知,在随后对100名大学生的研究中,研究人员的重点在于团队讨论中队员们干了什么,即讨论的过程,故选C项。
35.What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies
A.Unclear. B.Dismissive.
C.Doubtful. D.Approving.
√
解析　观点态度题。通过最后一段可知,虽然Navajas的研究有局限性,但是从他的研究看,团队讨论和做决定的潜在影响是巨大的,由此可判断作者对Navajas的研究持支持态度,故选D项。
思维建模
揣摩段落大意
有时,作者可能不直接给出主题句,而是通过各种方法暗示给读者,这就需要读者充分发挥想象力与判断力,揣摩段落大意。
以例示法(如32题)
第一步:细揣摩,概括段意
作者在此段中没有给出主题句,需要我们揣摩其段意。本段解释了“群体智慧”效应背后的逻辑,特别是从人们在做估算时的错误出发,说明这些错误如何在群体中互相抵消,进而产生较为准确的结果。
第二步:析选项,斟酌判断
A 本段的重点不是描述具体的估算方法,而是在解释估算准确性的原理和逻辑。
B 本段的确是在解释“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑。因此,B选项准确反映了第2段的核心内容。
C 虽然段落提到了人们在估算中的一些倾向,比如高估或低估,但段落的重点并不是分析人们犯错的具体原因,而是解释这些错误如何被抵消。
D 第2段没有提及高尔顿实验的设计细节,而是侧重于解释“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:statistician n.统计学家; Para.2:independent adj.独立的; Para.3:phenomenon n.现象; Para.4:confident adj.自信的; dominant adj.主导的; Para.5:limitation n.限制 Para.1:average of estimates估计的平均值;
Para.3:key finding关键发现;smaller groups更小的组;
Para.4:global reduction全局减少;
Para.5:potential implications潜在影响
析 长 难 语 句 Para.3:The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
[句式分析]　这是一个复合句。that引导表语从句,在这个从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词groups。
[尝试翻译]　

[语言赏析]　句子采用了对比手法,强调了讨论后的群体与独立个体在估算准确性方面的差异。通过使用more accurate than的比较结构,清楚表达了群体智慧的优势。
这项研究的关键发现是,当人群被进一步分为可以进行讨论的小组时,这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体间的平均值更为准确。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·嘉兴高三模拟)
I have always been proud of my handwriting,a skill I was taught in grade school.The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method,drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot.We were strictly prohibited from using block letters on our homework,as they lack the beauty.
Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive (草书).They type everything mostly on their phones.Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past.This has become a source of great sadness among traditionalists.
But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive.To my complete disbelief,not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards.They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent,but they said they honestly couldn’t read a thing I had written.One friend went so far as to ask if I could use block letters next time so that she could understand what I was writing.
Initially,I was angry.I had made the effort to cover an entire postcard with what I viewed as not just handwriting but calligraphy.But then I showed an English friend a postcard I’d just written,and he said that the only thing that was readily understandable was the letters “U.S.A.” The rest of it,he politely suggested,looked like “chicken scrawl”.
Looking at the postcard dispassionately,I unwillingly admit that he has a point.All the m’s and n’s run together,and the l’s look like t’s.The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s.So,from now on,I’m taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.
In fact,I just now sent an old friend a postcard.But this time,I simply wrote—in big block letters:
DEAR ALICE:
HI.
JOE.
I hope she gets the message.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对自己的草书书法感到自豪。尽管作者的朋友们很欣赏草书的美,但看不懂作者手写的明信片。所以为了清晰起见,他决定改用印刷体。这一转变显示了传统书法的美感与实际易读性之间的斗争。
1.What do we know about the Palmer Penmanship Method
A.It is characterized by big flowing lines.
B.It is rarely appreciated by traditionalists.
C.It was not allowed in students’ homework.
D.It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“The teacher was teaching... while extending their right foot.”可知,帕尔默书法的特点是线条大而流畅,故选A项。
√
2.What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive
A.The popularity of block letters in recent times.
B.The younger generation’s disinterest in cursive.
C.His friends’ failure to comprehend his postcards.
D.His English friend’s suggestion on postcard design.
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“But recently something happened...a thing I had written.”可知,作者朋友们无法理解他的明信片削弱了作者对草书的信念,故选C项。
√
3.Why did the writer switch to block letters for communication
A.To deliver his message clearly.
B.To improve his handwriting skills.
C.To win praise from his friends.
D.To show his passion for calligraphy.
√
解析　细节理解题。首先,锁定题干关键信息“switch to block letters for communication”;然后,利用定位法,回原文找到相关信息,即倒数第二段“So,from now on,I’m taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.”;最后,对号入座,题干中的switch to 在原文表述为using,题干中名词communication在原文中表述为动词communicate,故选A项。
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The wide use of cursive.
B.The sad decline of cursive.
C.The value of preserving cursive.
D.The technique of writing in cursive.
解析　文章大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Now it becomes apparent...a source of great sadness among traditionalists.”可知,文章主要讲的是草书可悲的衰落,故选B项。
√
(2025·佛山高三模拟)
Initial conversations can have a huge impact on how relationships develop over time.People are often stuck in the impressions they think they might have made the minute they finish speaking with someone for the first time:“Did they like me or were they just being polite ” “Were they deep in thought or deeply bored ”
To find out whether these worries are necessary,we have conducted nearly 10 years of research.In our studies,participants in the UK talked with someone they had never met before. Afterward, they were asked how much they liked their conversation partner and how much they believed that their conversation partner liked them.This allowed us to compare how much people believed they were liked to how much they were actually liked.
Time and time again,we found that people left their conversations with negative feelings about the impression they made.That is,people systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like them and enjoy their company—a false belief we call the “liking gap”.
This bias (偏见) may seem like something that would occur only in initial interactions,but its effects extend far beyond a first impression.Surprisingly,the liking gap can constantly affect a variety of relationships,including interactions with coworkers,long after the initial conversations have taken place.Having a larger liking gap is associated with being less willing to ask workmates for help,less willing to provide workmates with open and honest feedback,and less willing to work on another project together.
There are numerous strategies to minimize your biased feelings. One place to start is shifting your focus of attention.Try to direct your attention to your conversation partner,be genuinely curious about them,ask them more questions,and really listen to their answers.The more you’re zeroed in on the other person,and the less you’re focused on yourself,the better your conversation will be and the less your mind will turn to all the things you think you didn’t do well.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是“好感认知差距”以及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响。
5.Why did the author carry out 10 years of research
A.To dismiss national concerns.
B.To check out a potential bias.
C.To enhance human communication.
D.To develop harmonious relationships.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“Initial conversations...‘Were they deep in thought or deeply bored ’”以及第二段“To find out...nearly 10 years of research.”可知,作者进行10年的研究是为了找出潜在的偏见,故选B项。
√
6.What is one effect of people’s liking gap
A.Fewer chances of new projects.
B.Underestimation of their ability.
C.Bad relationships with people around.
D.Low willingness to interact with others.
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Having a larger liking gap...work on another project together.”可知,好感认知差距的一个影响是与他人互动的意愿低,故选D项。
√
7.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A.Restate opinions. B.Deliver warnings.
C.Give suggestions. D.Make a summary.
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are numerous strategies... you didn’t do well.”可知,作者在最后一段给出了减少偏见的建议,故选C项。
√
8.Which might be the best title for the text
A.Liking Gap May Influence Work Performances
B.First Impressions Rely On Initial Conversations
C.People Probably Like You More Than You Think
D.How People Like You Matters Less Than You Assume
解析　标题归纳题。根据第三段“Time and time again...the ‘liking gap’.”结合文章主要说明了什么是“好感认知差距”以及这种心态对人们社交关系的影响,可知C选项“人们可能比你想象的更喜欢你”是文章的最佳标题,故选C项。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·江西师大附中高三模拟)
My work in cancer research was generating a lot of waste every day.As our research turned to full capacity,our waste production 　1　.
I went to my adviser and suggested the idea of 　2　3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste.She 　3　 me and then I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment.But after months of 　4　,the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly.So it was a welcome 　5　 when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental 　6　.
We created a group to push for greener ways to 　7　.We began meeting monthly to come up with solutions.Over the following months, we 　8　 new recycling bins to each lab so that our plastic waste could be sorted 　9　.We created rules for each device to be energy-efficient.I’m still disappointed that I couldn’t fully realize my 3D-printing 　10　.I am stubborn enough to keep trying.But I’ve also learned that if one approach isn’t working,sometimes it’s best to 　11　 and look for other solutions.I’m thankful that with the help of the 　12　 community around me,we are able to do that.
I encourage scientists everywhere to think about ways to reduce the 　13　 impact of their own research.The work we do is important.But we should also do our part to be as sustainable as we can.After all,what 　14　 does our science have if,ultimately,there remains no 　15　 planet we can call our home
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在癌症研究工作中意识到研究产生的废物问题,之后采取了一些措施努力减少研究对环境造成的影响,并呼吁科学家们不要因为科学研究对地球造成伤害。
1.A.returned B.declined C.stabilized D.rocketed
解析　根据上文“As our research turned to full capacity”和下文“I went to my adviser and suggested the idea of 　　　　3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste.”可知,作者的研究工作会产生废弃物,随着他们的研究全面展开,相应的废弃物会迅速增多,故选D项。
√
2.A.creating B.buying C.borrowing D.renting
解析　根据空后“3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste”以及“I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment”可知,作者觉得研究中产生的废弃物太多,所以他找导师建议用这些废弃物打造实验室工具,故选A项。
√
3.A.suspected B.criticized C.encouraged D.comforted
解析　根据空后“I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment”可知,作者的导师同意了他的建议,并鼓励了他,让他成功获得了购买回收设备的资金,故选C项。
4.A.struggle B.discussion C.training D.confusion
解析　根据空后“the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly”可知,虽然作者努力了几个月,但是这个项目并没有像他想象的那样进展顺利,故选A项。
√
√
5.A.source B.relief C.target D.success
解析　根据空后“when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental 　　　　”可知,作者的方法并没有起作用,所以当同事们提出其他的方法时,作者感到松了一口气。“relief” 表示在困境中得到帮助或找到新方法的轻松感,故选B项。
√
6.A.distribution B.option C.phase D.footprint
解析　根据空前“when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental”可知,同事们也提出一些减少环境足迹的方法。“footprint”在此指的是研究活动对环境造成的影响,故选D项。
√
7.A.cure B.defend C.operate D.negotiate
解析　根据空后“We began meeting monthly to come up with solutions.”可知,作者的团队成立了一个小组,来改进实验室操作方式以减少对环境的影响,故选C项。
8.A.commented B.introduced C.moved D.knocked
解析　根据空后“new recycling bins to each lab”可知,作者的团队以更加绿色的方式来改进实验室的操作,所以此处应指他们引入了新的回收箱,故选B项。
√
√
9.A.properly B.typically C.naturally D.annually
解析　根据上文“we 　　　　new recycling bins to each lab”可知,作者的实验室引入了新的回收箱,为了能够正确的给塑料废弃物分类,故选A项。
10.A.recipe B.prevention C.vision D.association
解析　根据第二段中的“But after months of 　　　　,the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly.”可知,作者以前提出的3D打印的设想并没有实现,所以他感到非常的失望,故选C项。
√
√
11.A.set off B.speak out C.hold on D.step back
解析　根据空后“and look for other solutions”可知,作者的方法在努力之后依然行不通,所以他觉得有时候需要后退一步,寻找新的方法,故选D项。
12.A.local B.academic C.final D.new
解析　根据上文“I’m thankful”可知,作者能够做到这些是因为其他的学术团体帮助了他。“academic community” 指的是科研领域内的同行和团队,故选B项。
√
√
13.A.fundamental B.historical
C.environmental D.financial
解析　根据第二段中的“when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental 　　　　”可知,作者鼓励科学家们思考如何减少自己的研究对环境造成的影响,故选C项。
√
14.A.significance B.possibility C.fortune D.depth
解析　根据下文“if,ultimately,there remains no 　　　　planet we can call our home”可知,作者觉得如果地球遭到了破坏,那么科学研究就没有意义了,故选A项。
15.A.broad B.supportive C.different D.particular
解析　根据全文语境可知,如果地球遭到了破坏,不再是一个能支持生命存在、适合人类居住的可持续发展的星球,那么科学研究也没有了意义。supportive“给予帮助的,支持的”,故选B项。
√
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·南京金陵中学高三模拟)
Pan Yuzhen,a master of embroidery (刺绣),was embroidering flying butterflies and flowers with her back 1.　　　　　 a window, saying,“Foreigners are so fond of our embroidery products 2.
they even line up just waiting to buy one for their families.I never
3.　　　　　　 (think) the traditional skills handed down by my ancestors would become so 4.　　　　　　 (market) abroad.”
“As you can see,Miao embroidery is not only the 5.
(proud) of our Miao people,but that of our Chinese people,” Pan said,6.　　　　　　 wants to pass her embroidery skills down to the younger generation,hoping that they can continue to promote the unique skills.Now,almost all families in Taijiang County together with Pan 7.　　　　　　 (involve) in the Miao costume business.
Zhang Yanmei,Pan’s daughter,having difficulty 8.　　　　 (walk) like normal people,has taken over her mother’s business and helped her run a clothing processing plant.Zhang also serves as the chairwoman of an association for the 9.　　　　　　 (physical) disabled,helping them to grow special plants used for dyeing (给……染色) cloth and instructing some of them 10.　　　　　　 (complete) Miao embroidery orders.Today,the Miao embroidery industry has become a major distinctive industry in Taijiang County.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了贵州台江县的苗绣非遗传承人潘玉珍如何带动全县制作苗绣,使苗绣产业蓬勃发展并走向世界的故事。
1.against　［考查介词。此处表示“背靠着窗户”,应用介词against“倚着,靠着”,故填against。]
2.that　［考查状语从句。外国人非常喜欢我们的刺绣产品,他们甚至会排队等待只为给家人买一件。此处为固定句型so...that...“如此……以至于……”,故填that。]
3.thought　［考查时态。根据宾语从句中的“would become”可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填thought。]
4.marketable　［考查词性转换。潘玉珍说她从没想过她的祖先传下来的传统技艺会在国外如此畅销。become为系动词,空处为表语且被副词so修饰,应用形容词,故填marketable。]
5.pride　［考查词性转换。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知,空处应用名词,故填pride。]
6.who　［考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰表示人的先行词Pan,且从句缺少主语,故填who。]
7.are involved　［考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Now”可知,此处应用一般现在时;主语和involve“(使)参加,加入”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是almost all families,不是Pan,谓语用复数形式,故填are involved。]
8.walking　［考查非谓语动词。此处考查have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”这一固定搭配,故填walking。]
9.physically　［考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词disabled,应用副词,故填physically。]
10.to complete　［考查非谓语动词。instruct sb to do sth“指导某人做某事”是固定搭配,此处应用不定式,故填to complete。]
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:fancy adj.精致的,花哨的;Para.2:source n.来源;
Para.4:initially adv.起初;Para.5:dispassionately adv.冷静地
B Para.1:initial adj.最初的;Para.3:negative adj.负面的;
systematically adv.系统地;underestimate v.低估;
Para.4:interaction n.互动;feedback n.反馈;Para.5:strategy n.策略
熟词生义 A Para.6:simply　熟义:adv.简单地;生义:adv.仅仅
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:be proud of以……为荣;Para.3:complain about抱怨;next time下次
B Para.1:over time随着时间的推移;be stuck in被困在;Para.3:time and time again一次又一次;Para.4:far beyond远远超出;a variety of各种;be willing to愿意;Para.5:zero in on集中全部注意力于
长 难 句 式 A Para.3:They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent,but they said they honestly couldn’t read a thing I had written.
[分析]　这是一个并列复合句。连词but连接两个并列句。在第一个并列句中定语从句I regularly sent修饰先行词postcards;在第二个并列句中they honestly couldn’t read a thing作动词said的宾语;定语从句I had written修饰先行词thing。
[译文]　他们很感激我定期寄送的美丽的明信片,但他们说他们真的看不懂我写的任何话。
长 难 句 式 B Para.3:That is,people systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like them and enjoy their company—a false belief we call the“liking gap”.
[分析]　这是一个复合句。how much引导从句作动词underestimate的宾语;破折号后的a false belief we call the“liking gap”作同位语解释前面的内容;定语从句we call the“liking gap”修饰先行词belief。
[译文]　也就是说,人们系统地低估了对话伙伴对他们的喜欢程度以及享受他们陪伴的程度——我们称之为“好感认知差距”的错误观念。

展开更多......

收起↑