资源简介

英语[W]
一　背记单词/词块
◎活动
1．seek v. 寻找，寻求
2．solution n. 解决
3．crash v. 暴跌
4．destroy v. 破坏，毁掉
5．authority n. 当权，权力
6．button n. 按钮
7．encounter n. 邂逅
8．stare v. 凝视
9．capture v. (用文字或图片)记录，捕捉
◎自然
10．monarch butterfly 黑脉金斑蝶
11．Atlantic adj. 大西洋的
12．whale n. 鲸
13．caterpillar n. 毛虫(蝴蝶等昆虫的幼虫)
14．creature n. 生物，动物
15．eagle n. 鹰
◎人物
16．monarch n. 君主，国王
17．professor n. 教授
18．photographer n. 摄影师
◎其他
19．charity n. 慈善机构，慈善团队
20．position n. 位置
21．per cent n. 百分比
22．chemical n. 化学品
23．flow chart 流程图
24．idiom n. 习语，成语
25．source n. 来源，出处
26．shock n. 吃惊，震惊
27．element n. 基本部分
28．the elements 天气(尤指坏天气)
29．per prep. 每
30．path n. 小径
31．breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的
32．file n. 档案，文件
二　词形变化
1．annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→annually adv. 一年一次地
2．migrate v. 移栖→migration n. 迁徙
3．measure v. 量，测量→measurement n. 测量
4．determine v. 测定，确定→determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的→determination n. 决心
5．eventual adj. 最后的→eventually adv. 终于，最终
6．mystery n. 难以理解的事物，谜→mysterious adj. 神秘的→mysteriously adv. 神秘地
7．amaze v. 使惊愕→amazing adj. 惊人的→amazed adj. 感到吃惊的→amazement n. 惊讶
8．survive v. 活下来，幸存→survival n. 生存→survivor n. 幸存者
9．effect n. 影响，结果→effective adj. 有效的→effectively adv. 有效地
10．accommodate v. 给……提供住宿→accommodation n. 住处
11．found v. 创立，创建→foundation n. 地基
12．recover v. 从(糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery n. 恢复
13．vary vt.& vi. 相异→various adj. 各种不同的→variety n. 多样化，变化
14．concentrate v. 专注，专心→concentrated adj. 集中的；全神贯注的→concentration n. 集中
15．freeze v. 突然停止，呆住→freezing adj. 严寒的→frozen adj. 冷冻的
16．image n. 图像，影像→imagine v. 想象→imaginative adj. 富于想象力的→imagination n. 想象力
17．react vi. 对……作出反应→reaction n. 反应
1．The medicine is a simple but highly effective treatment and it can relieve pains effectively. (effect)
2．Most birds have to fly long distances to migrate during the migration season. (migrate)
3．We are amazed to see how she made amazing progress in English in such a short time. (amaze)
4．You can't imagine that the teenager is so imaginative that he has designed the images in the book full of imagination. (imagine)
5．He was determined to fight the illness with courage and determination,__which is__determined by his character rather than choice. (determine)
6．In the crash, only two survived and the survivors told the reporters about their survival in detail. (survive)
7．For ten years, spending on this program increased annually,__and annual total energy consumption declined. (annual)
8．The company recovered well after going through several lean years and the recovery inspired the staff to work hard. (recover)
三　熟词生义
1.measure [熟义] n. 措施，方法　v. 量，测量
[生义] n. 尺寸；程度 vt. 估量，判定 vi. (指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为
2．crash [熟义] vt. 坠毁，碰撞
[生义] v. 暴跌；崩溃
3．recover [熟义] v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复
[生义] v. 重新找回；收回(开支、投资等)
4．image [熟义] n. 图像，影像
[生义] n. (头脑里的)形象；观念；(个人、团体或组织的)形象
1．Legal action is being taken to recover the money.
正在采取法律措施来收回那笔钱。
2．Share prices crashed to an all time low yesterday.
昨天股票价格暴跌到了前所未有的最低纪录。
3．It seemed as if the suit was made to his own measure.
这套衣服似乎是按照他的尺寸定做的。
4．The image of art theft as a gentleman's crime is outdated.
艺术品盗窃是绅士犯罪这一观念已经过时了。
小积累 word families
1.“破坏”家族 ①destroy v. 毁坏；毁掉 ②ruin v．& n. 毁坏 ③harm v．& n. 损害 ④injure v．& n. 伤害，使受伤 ⑤hurt v．& n. 伤害 ⑥damage n. 损失，损害，毁坏 2. sure结尾名词小聚 ①measure 测定；测量；措施 ②pressure 压力 ③treasure 财富，财产 ④pleasure 快乐 ⑤leisure 闲暇；业余时光 ⑥exposure 暴露；接触；曝光 3.盘点 or结尾名词 ①professor 教授 ②inventor 发明者 ③visitor 拜访者 ④conductor 售票员 ⑤editor 编辑 ⑥actor 男演员
一　词表短语
1．kill__two__birds__with__one__stone 一举两得，一箭双雕
2．when__the__cat's__away__(the__mice__will__play) 猫儿不在，老鼠作怪(指管事的不在，下面的人玩个痛快)
3．hold__your__horses 慢点，别急
4．rain__cats__and__dogs 下倾盆大雨
5．brave__the__elements 不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
6．after__all 毕竟，终究
　选用上面的短语填空
1．The runners brave__the__elements during the marathon, pushing through the rain and snow to reach the finish line.
2．The rain is pouring down—in other words it's raining__cats__and__dogs．
3．If teenagers are alone at home after school, it may be a case: when__the__cat's__away__(the__mice__will__play).
4．Please calm down. Hold__your__horses before you make a decision.
二　写作词块
1．one__of__the__most__wonderful__migrations__in__nature 自然界最为壮观的迁徙之一
2．the__natural__environment 自然环境
3．the__main__reason 主要的原因
4．in__many__of__the__places 在许多地方
5．cut__down__the__forest 砍伐森林
6．stop__hunting__wild__animals 停止捕猎野生动物
7．work__together 共同努力
8．enjoy__working__outside__in__the__wild 享受在野外工作
9．take__measures__to__stop__pollution 采取措施制止污染
10．put__forward__suggestions__on 关于……提出建议
11．run__back__into__the__forest 跑回了森林
12．exist__in__harmony__with__nature 与自然和谐相处
1．(教材P67)一支由伊莱·史莱泽曼教授领导的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队现已找到了答案。 (过去分词(短语)作定语)
A__team__of__scientists__led__by__Professor__Eli__Shlizerman__at__the__University__of__Washington__has__now__found__the__answer.
2．(教材P68)我们对这种迷人的生物了解越多，它们在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其位置的可能性就越大。 (the more ..., the more ...“越……，就越……”)
The__more__we__know__about__this__lovely__creature,__the__greater__the__chance__it__will__survive__and__keep__its__place__in__the__natural__world__for__a__long__time__to__come.
3．(教材P76)毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。(It be ... that/who ... 强调句型)
It__is__after__all__we__who__are__the__visitors__to__their__world.
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．seek v. 寻找，寻求
2．position n. 位置
3．amaze v. 使惊愕→amazing adj. 惊人的→amazed adj. 感到吃惊的→amazement n. 惊讶
4．survive v. 活下来→survival n. 生存→survivor n. 幸存者
5．effect n. 影响→effective adj. 有效的→effectively adv. 有效地
6．found v. 创立→foundation n. 地基
7．recover v. 恢复→recovery n. 恢复
8．vary vt.& vi. 相异→various adj. 各种不同的→variety n. 变化
9．concentrate v. 专注→concentrated adj. 集中的；全神贯注的→concentration n. 集中
10．react vi. 对……作出反应→reaction n. 反应
拔高词汇— 高分必备
1.exclude/Ik'sklu d/vt. 不包括，把……排除在外 2．underlying/ nd 'laII /adj. 根本的，潜在的 3．confess/k n'fes/v. 供认，招供；承认，坦白 4．earnest/' nIst/adj. 认真的，诚挚的，真诚的 5.invade/In'veId/v. 入侵，侵略 6．agony/' ɡ ni/n. 剧痛，痛楚 7．fierce/fI s/adj. (动作或情感)强烈的，激烈的 8．vacant/'veIk nt/adj. (地方)空着的，无人用的
二、重点语块
I aimed to kill__two__birds__with__one__stone (一举两得) by cleaning the house while the kids were at school. When__the__cat's__away,__the__mice__will__play (猫儿不在，老鼠作怪), but I was determined. Suddenly, it started to rain__cats__and__dogs (下倾盆大雨). I had to hold__my__horses (慢点) and rush to close the windows. After__all (毕竟), water damage is no joke. Despite the weather, I braved__the__elements (冒着风雨) to finish the job. It was a challenge, but I felt a sense of accomplishment afterward.
三、重点句式
1．你读的书越多，获得的知识就会越多。(the more ... the more ... “越……，就越……”)
The__more__books you read, the__more__knowledge you will acquire.
2．正是这艘船把亨利送到了英国。(It be ... that/who ... 强调句型)
It__was__the__ship__that brought Henry to England.
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P68】不幸的是，人类活动是造成黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。
Sadly,__human__activity__is__the__main__reason__why__the__number__of__monarch__butterflies__is__falling.
2．【教材P74】但尽管风吹雨淋，我仍然享受在野外工作。
But__despite__the__wind__and__the__rain,__I__still__enjoy__working__outside__in__the__wild.
3．【教材P75】去年春天，我沿着黄石公园的一条小径穿过一片昏暗的森林。
Last__spring__in__Yellowstone,__I__followed__a__path__that__took__me__through__a__dark__forest.
4．【教材P76】熊也盯着我，厚厚的棕色皮毛滴着水珠。
With__water__falling__off__its__thick,__brown__hair,__the__bear__stared__back__at__me.
硬核考点
考点1　seek v. 寻找；寻求；试图；争取 seek to do sth 试图做某事 seek for/after 寻找，追求 seek sb/sth out 挑选出/物色某人/物 seek one's fortune 寻找致富之路；碰运气 seek sth from sb 向某人寻求某事
1.She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
2．She is always seeking for ways to improve her cooking skills.
3．事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。
The fact is that nowadays many__young__people__are__seeking__their__fortune__in__big__cities．
4．她寻求在工作和家庭生活之间找到平衡。
She__seeks__to__find__a__balance__between__work__and__family__life.
考点2　measure v. 量，测量；衡量；判定；(尺寸长短、数量等)量度为 n. 计量制；计量单位；措施，方法；程度 measure ... by ... 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算 take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事 make sth to one's own measure为某人量身定做某物
1.Some villagers reported that a huge snake, measuring (measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave.
2．她决定根据自己的尺寸制作婚纱，确保它完全合身。
She decided to make__her__wedding__dress__to__her__own__measure,__ensuring it would fit her perfectly.
3．是我们采取行动防止空气被污染的时候了。
It's__high__time__that__we__should__take__action/measures/steps__to__prevent__the__air__from__being__polluted.
考点3　determine v. 测定，确定；下定决心 determine to do sth 决定做某事 determine on sth 决定某事 determine sb to do sth 使某人下决心做某事 determine that ... 决定…… be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
1.His passion for music determined him to__pursue (pursue) a career as a professional musician.
2．He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination (determine). (写作佳句)
3．Because he decided to complete the job on time, he set out to work immediately. (写作佳句)
→Determined__to__complete__the__job__on__time,__he set out to work immediately. (非谓语动词作状语)
4．考试失败后，他下定决心更加努力学习，提高成绩。
After__failing__his__exams,__he__determined__to__study__harder__and__improve__his__grades.
考点4　survive v. 活下来，幸存，幸免于难；比……活得长　v. 生存，存活；残留 survive from ... 从……中幸存 Survive ... 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来 survive on ...＝live on ... 依靠……生存下来 A survive B (by ...)A 比B活得长(……) survive 表示“幸免于难”的时候，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词 in 或者 from。
1.As far as I know, the old lady survived her husband by 5 years.
2．After she had survived that night, she was confident that everything else would be all right. (写作佳句)
→Having__survived__that__night,__she was confident that everything else would be all right. (分词(短语)作状语)
3．人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们存活下去的唯一方法是和自然和谐相处。
Human life is regarded as part of nature and, the__only__way__for__us__to__survive is to live in harmony with nature.
4．失业后，他不得不靠自己的积蓄生活，直到找到一份新工作为止。
After losing his job, he__had__to__survive__on__his__savings until he could find a new one.
【人教版必修第二册写作佳句】
On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.
放眼平原，我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。
考点5　effect n. 影响，结果；效果；作用 take effect 开始起作用；见效 have an effect/influence/impact on/upon＝affect 对……产生影响 come/go into effect 开始生效 bring/carry/put ... into effect 实施；使……生效起作用 in effect 实际上；事实上 cause and effect 因果关系 side effect 副作用
1.(2024·北京高考)The most effective (effect) way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog.
2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on/upon Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues.
3．新法律将于明年一月一日生效。
The__new__law__will__take__effect/come/go__into__effect on January 1st next year.
4．李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(写作佳句)
During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have__a__great__effect/influence/impact__on/upon__Chinese__culture.
考点6　concentrate v. 专注，专心 concentrate on/upon (doing) sth 专心(做)某事 concentrate (one's mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on 集中注意力/精力于；专注于 表示“专心，集中于”的其他短语：focus/fix one's attention on; put one's mind to; put one's heart into; be absorbed in; be lost in; apply oneself/one's mind to
1.(2024· 浙江高考1月)Then she concentrated on jogging (jog) to the spot where the track curved (拐弯)．
2．(2024·北京高考)But there can be a downside to concentration (concentrate) on one big thing.
3．They reflect a concentrated (concentrate) beam of light onto the town's central square, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. (写作佳句)
4．挨着我的家伙自始至终想和我聊天。我无法把精力集中到实验上。
The guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. I__couldn't__concentrate__on/upon__the__experiment.
考点7　cut down 砍倒；减少 cut back on 减少，削减 cut across 横跨；贯穿；跨越；走近路 cut in 插嘴；打断(谈话) cut off 中断；使……与外界隔绝；切断；切掉 cut out 裁剪；删去 cut up 切碎，剁碎
1.His teacher advised him to cut out some unimportant details in his writing.
2．A powerful twister struck the village, and cut off the local power supply.
3．Seat belts have cut down the number of injuries in car accidents.
4．我无法逃离现代世界，但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间，而且我也就是这么做的。
I cannot escape from the modern world, but I can cut__down/back__on__the__amount__of__time I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do.
5．为了节省时间，我们决定横穿公园而不是绕着走。
To__save__time,__we__decided__to__cut__across__the__park__instead__of__walking__around__it.
考点8　the more ... the more ... 越……，就越…… “the＋比较级， the＋比较级”结构常用来表示一个事物的程度随着另一个事物的程度变化而变化的关系。 前一个“the＋比较级”相当于状语从句，后一个“the＋比较级”为主句。 此结构中应用形容词或副词的比较级，但需注意避免比较级的重复现象，如：more happier等。
1.(2024·北京高考)And the more tools we have, the more__effective (effective) and insightful we can become.
2．你练习说英语越多，就会越流利。
The more you practice speaking English, the__more__fluent__you__will__be．
3．我坚信，我们越是意识到这句名言的重要性，我们在日常学习和工作中所获得的益处就越多。
I firmly believe that the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the__more__benefits__we__will__get__in__our__daily__study__and__job．
【人教版必修第二册写作佳句】
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection.
为了使这一物种免遭灭绝，中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．(2024·全国甲卷)I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing (amaze) person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks come alive.
2．Our main objective was the recovery (recover) of the child safe and well.
3．Jesse cut across the parking lot and strolled through the main entrance.
4．The restaurant menu boasts a variety (vary) of dishes from different cuisines around the world.
5．She told him that her first reaction (react) was disgust.
6．When studying for exams, it's important to concentrate on understanding the concepts rather than just memorizing facts.
7．The more a person reads, the wiser (wise) he will become.
8．Secondly, the solutions (solve) of teamwork are usually better than those of a single person.
9．Depressed and hopeless, Sarah ran across the hall to seek help from Katie.
10．She determined to__learn (learn) a new language and started attending classes every week.
二、熟词生义
1．I continued to measure his progress against the charts in the doctor's office.估量
2．Police raided fives houses in Brooklyn and recovered stolen goods. 找回
3．The system crashed and I lost three hours' worth of work. 崩溃
4．The advertisements are intended to improve the company's image.形象
三、构词法
词缀 含义 例词
tion 表示行为、状态，结果 migration,__solution, accommodation, reaction, concentration, education, allocation, acceleration
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodation for the homeless families. 住宿
2．Scientists have studied the migration of fish over long distances in the river. 迁徙
3．He has also called for an acceleration of political reforms. 加速
4．If we view the problem in a different light, a solution may become more obvious. 解决办法
5．People have different reactions to the news, so it was impossible to make assumptions. 反应
6．There is a need for greater concentration on environmental issues. 关注
四、补全句子
1．我知道你们迫不及待地想看结果，但你们都需要耐心等待。
I know you can't wait to see the results, but you__all__need__to__hold__your__horses．
2．此外，孩子们开始交流的时间越早，他们获得社交技能就越快。
Moreover, the earlier children begin to communicate, the__sooner__they__acquire__social__skills．
3．正是由于你的努力和帮助，我才取得了这么大的进步。(强调句型)
It__is__thanks__to__your__efforts__and__assistance__that I have made such great progress.
4．我出生的城市这些年来变化很大。(定语从句)
The city where__I__was__born__has__changed__a__lot over the years.
5．这一发现将对心脏病的治疗产生重大影响。
The discovery will__have__a__major__effect__on the treatment of heart disease.
6．她下定决心要在事业上取得成功，并正在不懈地努力实现自己的目标。
She__is__determined__to__succeed__in__her__career and is working tirelessly to achieve her goals.
五、长难句分析
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable
句意：现在，这些观测结果的数量超过了来自物理标本的原始数据，由于我们越来越多地使用观测数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们有用吗？
分析：句子主干是These__observations__outnumber__primary__data__and__I__wanted__to__know。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词data；since引导原因状语从句；how引导宾语从句，作动词investigate的宾语。
读写用—素养提升
一、加强语言运用——明晰考向　以阅读促运用
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend __41__ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running __42__， but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was __43__ for a “super，” referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I __44__ it! Between the girl making my __45__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __46__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I __47__ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I __48__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I __49__ her bike and went for a ride. The__50__： The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such __51__. That day, I got __52__ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __53__.
I've __54__ a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever __55__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受到他人成就的刺激和激励，盲目跟风，尝试跑步和骑自行车，最终意识到无论为自己设定什么目标，都必须切实可行并适合自己。
41．A.knew B．held
C．won D．quit
答案：C
解析：根据文章首句“I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.”可知，作者会因为别人的成就而受到激励。由此可推知，此处是指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者因此受到了激励。故选C。
42．A.regularly B．silently
C．proudly D．recently
答案：A
解析：结合语境和常识可知，作者受到了激励，因此应是开始定期跑步。故选A。
43．A.asking B．looking
C．waiting D．training
答案：D
解析：根据下文“referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon”可知，作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的马拉松比赛，因此她那时正在为之训练。故选D。
44．A.made B．believed
C．hated D．deserved
答案：C
解析：根据下文“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者认为慢跑无比无聊，结合上文可知，作者受到其他人的激励而去跑步，其实作者本身没有跑步的意愿，此处是指作者讨厌跑步。故选C。
45．A.advantage B．achievement
C．contribution D．influence
答案：B
解析：作者遇到的女孩为52.4英里的马拉松比赛训练，而作者在跑15英里的距离，因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者跑步的成就显得非常渺小。故选B。
46．A.way B．risk
C．place D．reason
答案：D
解析：根据上文“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，跑步对作者而言是无聊的，因此作者放弃了跑步，决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因是后面有大狗在追赶。故选D。
47．A.gave up B．went on
C．turned to D．dealt with
答案：C
解析：根据下文“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知，作者买了一辆好的自行车，并骑了很多次，因此作者放弃跑步后把自己的目标转向了骑自行车。故选C。
48．A.heard B．dreamed
C．complained D．approved
答案：B
解析：根据上文描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑行可知，此处表示在骑行方面，作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比赛。故选B。
49．A.painted B．borrowed
C．bought D．parked
答案：B
解析：根据上文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day”和下文“went for a ride”可知，作者去圣迭戈找姐姐，一天姐姐在上班，作者去骑行了，因此此处指作者向姐姐借了自行车。故选B。
50．A.problem B．secret
C．principle D．advice
答案：A
解析：根据下文“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，那里的道路穿过宽阔的山谷，在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，所以此处指作者遇到的问题。故选A。
51．A.dangers B．events
C．opponents D．challenges
答案：D
解析：作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，结合常识和下文作者放弃骑自行车可知，此处指作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战。故选D。
52．A.passed B．convinced
C．admired D．stopped
答案：A
解析：根据上文内容和下文“by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑行者超过。故选A。
53．A.reliable B．convenient
C．familiar D．appealing
答案：D
解析：结合上文可知，作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战，又被大约百人超过，作者因此受挫，所以骑行对作者来说就没有那么有吸引力了。故选D。
54．A.traveled B．matured
C．missed D．worried
答案：B
解析：结合文章最后一句“I've come to accept ... be my own.”可知，经过跑步和骑行这两件事情，作者已经逐渐相信目标应是为自己而设的，由此可知，作者成长了。故选B。
55．A.limits B．dates
C．goals D．tests
答案：C
解析：综合全文可知，在跑步和骑行这两件事情上，作者均受到了他人成就的影响，但结果都失败了，所以作者逐渐相信不管为自己设定什么目标，这些目标必须是自己的(不与别人比较)。故选C。
精读首句以把握主题
1．完形填空的首句是理解全文的关键。它们经常提供重要的背景信息或引出主题，对解题有重要指导意义。
2．仔细阅读文章首句，可以确定文章基调，预测可能涉及的语境，从而在填空时做出更合理的选择。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材　情绪描写——欣慰、如释重负
欣慰翻涌 a feeling/sense/mixture of relief washed/flooded over/welled up inside/surged through sb
令人欣慰的是 to one's relief
欣慰地看到/知道/听见…… be relieved to see/know/hear ...
满是欣慰 one's heart was filled/overwhelmed with relief and warmth
如释重负 a huge burden/load was lifted off/from one's shoulders
涌出欣慰的泪水 tears well up from a sense of gratification
松了一口气 let out a sigh of relief; sigh with relief; gasp with relief
知道……后思想上释然(石头落地) It's a huge weight/burden/load off one's mind to know that ...
卸下重担 the weight of the world/a heavy burden was lifted
高效课时作业　
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·重庆市名校联盟高三期中)Humans are not always great at self moderation, especially when things seem both plentiful and tasty. Read on to discover a few of the animals which we have lost for our behaviors.
Dodo
They were once abundant on the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. Larger than turkeys, dodos weighed about 23 kg (about 50 pounds) and had blue gray plumage and a large head. Portuguese sailors discovered them around 1507. These and subsequent sailors quickly killed the dodo population as an easy source of fresh meat for their voyages. The later introduction of monkeys, pigs, and rats to the island proved disastrous to the birds as the mammals fed on their eggs. The last dodo was killed in 1681. Sadly, very few scientific descriptions or museum specimens (样本) exist.
Steller's Sea Cow
Discovered in 1741, Steller's sea cows once inhabited the near shore areas of the Komandor Islands in the Bering Sea. Much larger than present day manatees and dugongs, Steller's sea cows reached a length of 9－10 meters and weighed around 10 tons. They floated at the surface of the coastal waters but unfortunately had little ability to sink. This made them easy targets for Russian seal hunters. Killing was often wasteful and the species was exterminated (灭绝) by 1768, less than 30 years after it was first discovered. No preserved specimens exist today.
Passenger Pigeon
The passenger pigeon was hunted to extinction in the early 1900s. Billions of these birds once inhabited eastern North America. As American settlers pressed westward, passenger pigeons were killed by the millions yearly for their meat and shipped by railway carloads for sale in city markets. Hunters often destroyed their nesting grounds and entire colonies in a single breeding season. From 1870 the decline of the species became dramatic. The last known passenger pigeon, named Martha, died on Sept.1, 1914 in the Cincinnati Zoo in Ohio.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于人类的行为导致三种动物——渡渡鸟、斯特拉海牛和旅鸽的灭绝。
1．Which of the following statements is mentioned about dodos
A．They were believed to have a short history with less than 170 years.
B．Portuguese sailors found them in the 16th century during voyages.
C．Animals like monkeys and pigs didn't threaten dodos' reproduction.
D．They were bigger than turkeys and heavier than Steller's sea cows.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Dodo部分中的“Portuguese sailors discovered them around 1507.(葡萄牙水手在1507年左右发现了它们。)”可知，葡萄牙水手是在16世纪的航行中发现了渡渡鸟。故选B。
2．Why were Steller's sea cows effortlessly hunted
A．Because they were large enough to be spotted by hunters.
B．Because they were unable to dive themselves in the water.
C．Because they were regarded as prizes by Russian sailors.
D．Because they floated at the water surface independently.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Steller's Sea Cow部分中的“They floated at the surface of ... for Russian seal hunters.”可知，斯特拉海牛因为无法在水中潜水而容易被捕猎。故选B。
3．What do the three animals have in common
A．Human factors speeded up their extermination.
B．They all disappeared before the 19th century.
C．No preserved specimens of them exist today.
D．Their habitats were all in the ocean.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Read on to discover a few of the animals which we have lost for our behaviors.(继续阅读以了解一些因我们的行为而失去的动物。)”可知，文中三种动物的共同点在于都是人类活动加速了它们的灭绝。故选A。
B
(2025·福建省福州金山中学高三月考)Located in the Oaxaca, Mexico, the fishing village Huatulco is home to thousands of baby turtles. I had three open days on my calendar, and a desire to save some turtles. And so, away I went to Huatulco with a powerhouse of willing protectors calling themselves Wildcoast.
To carry out my mission, I was taken to La Escobilla to experience Wildcoast in action. Just one hour north of Huatulco, this protected beach is where mass turtle nesting happens. The natural phenomenon occurs at 12 beaches around the world, three of which are in Mexico. Having just four days during rainy season, thousands of female sea turtles go ashore to lay their eggs.
Between threats like illegal hunters, natural enemies and oil spills, the hatchlings (幼龟) have the whole world against them. As recently as 2012, turtle hunting was not only common practice, but an important part of the culture and diet in the Oaxacan communities.
Wildcoast rescues turtle eggs and recreates habitats. Thanks to their efforts, various sea turtles have made a major comeback, with over 72 million turtles being born now.
I got to hold 50 of the hatchlings in a bowl. Statistically speaking, just one in 1，000 baby turtles will make it to adulthood. Staring at the bowl, I so badly wanted them to find shelter somewhere in the ocean.
Finally, it was time to set those little ones free. Having made sure no suspicious (可疑的) people were nearby, I let out the hatchlings. With each set of waves, we witnessed the survival of the fittest, some crawling (爬行) past the whitewash while others crashed back to shore. A bunch of birds was ready to dive into the sea for their targets.
“One in 1，000.”
Nature was both cruel and sympathetic. After 30 long minutes, the last hatchling made its way to the sea.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者前往墨西哥的华图尔科渔村，与一个志愿者团队一起保护海龟的故事。
4．What is Wildcoast
A．A lively beach housing various wild animals.
B．An official organization tackling ocean oil leaks.
C．An experienced team exploring the coastal areas.
D．A voluntary group assisting the survival of turtles.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I had three open days ... calling themselves Wildcoast.”可知，Wildcoast是一个协助海龟生存的志愿者团体。故选D。
5．Why was the author taken to La Escobilla
A．To liberate collected hatchlings.
B．To protect delicate turtle eggs.
C．To witness mass turtle nesting.
D．To record Oaxacan cultures.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To carry out my mission ... where mass turtle nesting happens.”可知，作者被带到La Escobilla是为了见证大量的海龟筑巢。故选C。
6．Which threat does the author want to protect the turtles from
A．Water pollution. B．Human hunting.
C．Natural enemies. D．Ocean waves.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Between threats like illegal hunters ... whole world against them.”以及倒数第三段中的“Having made sure ... were nearby”可知，海龟幼崽面临的众多威胁中包括非法猎人。结合倒数第三段中的内容可知，作者想要保护海龟免受人类狩猎的威胁。故选B。
7．How might the author feel when seeing the hatchlings crawling
A．Relieved. B．Attached.
C．Concerned. D．Annoyed.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“With each set of waves ... for their targets.(每组波浪中，我们都见证了适者生存，一些小海龟爬行穿过白浪，而另一些则被冲回岸边。一群鸟准备潜入海中捕捉目标。)”及最后一段内容可推知，作者在看到幼龟爬行时可能会感到担心。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·江西省南昌市第三中学高三期中)
How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
Birds can be excellent companions, but they can also make a lot of noise. Sometimes that noise is unavoidable, but there are a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking (尖叫).
__1__ Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening. Some birds are more likely to make noise than others, but understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
Teach your bird to speak softly. Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling. __2__ It's often easier to teach them soft spoken words compared to other types of sounds. Furthermore, it's important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird. __3__ Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying to discourage.
Avoid quick movements. It's possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird, causing him to feel anxious or over stimulated. __4__ If you have children living at home, teach them not to run through the room your bird is in.
Provide your bird with comfort and security. Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock. If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room, it could be his attempt at sending you a flock call. __5__
A．Understand bird behavior.
B．Train your bird to be quiet.
C．This may be especially useful for parrots.
D．Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E．Try squawking back to let him know that you're safe.
F．Do not raise your voice in response to your bird's volume or tone.
G．Move slowly around your bird, and encourage others to do the same.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何让宠物鸟保持安静。
1．答案：A
解析：根据下文“Some birds are more likely to make noise ... some noise will be unavoidable.(有些鸟类比其他鸟类更容易发出噪音，但在把鸟带回家之前要明白，有些噪音是不可避免的。)”可知，本段主要介绍要了解鸟的行为。A项(了解鸟的行为。)可作为本段主旨句。故选A。
2．答案：C
解析：根据上文“Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling.(当你的鸟吹口哨或轻声细语时，要表扬它，而不是在它大声鸣叫或尖叫时才给予关注。)”可知，设空处应说明这种方法对哪种鸟有作用。C项(这可能对鹦鹉特别有用。)承接上文。故选C。
3．答案：F
解析：上文“Furthermore, it's important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird.”指出当你和你的鸟交流时，保持冷静和温和的语气是很重要的。下文“Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying to discourage.”指出一种行为的后果。F项(不要提高你的声音来回应你的鸟的音量或音调。)承上启下，具体指出这种行为。故选F。
4．答案：G
解析：根据本段主旨句“Avoid quick movements.(避免快速移动。)”及下文“If you have ... your bird is in.”可知，设空处应说明在鸟周围要缓慢移动，并鼓励他人也这样做。G项(慢慢地在你的鸟周围移动，并鼓励其他人也这样做。)中的Move与上文的movements为同族词。故选G。
5．答案：E
解析：根据上文“Birds in the wild ... a flock call.(野生鸟类会通过参加‘群鸣’的方式与其他鸟类沟通，确保鸟群的安全。如果你的鸟在你离开房间时倾向于大声鸣叫，这可能是它试图向你发出群鸣信号。)”可知，当你离开时，鸟的鸣叫是在确认你的安全。E项(试着用叫声回应，让它知道你是安全的。)中的squawking为同词复现，safe与safety为同族词。故选E。
23(共91张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
第一编　教材复习
必修第一册
Unit 5　Into the wild
单元话题
语法
写作
进入野外
定语从句(2)
动物档案
教材深挖
高效课时作业
目录
CONTENTS
2
3
高效晨背
1
高效晨背
一　背记单词/词块
◎活动
1．________ v. 寻找，寻求
2．________ n. 解决
3．crash v. _________
4．________ v. 破坏，毁掉
5．authority n. ________________
6．________ n. 按钮
7．________ n. 邂逅
8．________ v. 凝视
9．capture v. ___________________________
seek
solution
暴跌
destroy
当权，权力
button
encounter
stare
(用文字或图片)记录，捕捉
◎自然
10．monarch butterfly ________________
11．________ adj. 大西洋的
12．whale n. ________
13．caterpillar n. _________________________
14．________ n. 生物，动物
15．eagle n. ______
黑脉金斑蝶
Atlantic
鲸
毛虫(蝴蝶等昆虫的幼虫)
creature
鹰
◎人物
16．monarch n. ________________
17．________ n. 教授
18．photographer n. ___________
君主，国王
professor
摄影师
◎其他
19．charity n. _____________________
20．________ n. 位置
21．per cent n. ________________
22．chemical n. ________________
23．flow chart ________________
24．________ n. 习语，成语
25．________ n. 来源，出处
慈善机构，慈善团队
position
百分比
化学品
流程图
idiom
source
26．________ n. 吃惊，震惊
27．________ n. 基本部分
28．the elements ________________
29．per prep. _______
30．______ n. 小径
31．breathtaking adj. ________________
32．file n. ________________
shock
element
天气(尤指坏天气)
每
path
令人惊叹的
档案，文件
二　词形变化
1.annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→________ adv. 一年一次地
2．migrate v. 移栖→__________ n. 迁徙
3．measure v. 量，测量→____________ n. 测量
4．determine v. 测定，确定→______________ adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的→________________ n. 决心
5．eventual adj. 最后的→__________ adv. 终于，最终
6．mystery n. 难以理解的事物，谜→___________ adj. 神秘的→___________ adv. 神秘地
annually
migration
measurement
determined
determination
eventually
mysterious
mysteriously
7．amaze v. 使惊愕→________ adj. 惊人的→________ adj. 感到吃惊的→___________ n. 惊讶
8．survive v. 活下来，幸存→________ n. 生存→________ n. 幸存者
9．effect n. 影响，结果→________ adj. 有效的→________ adv. 有效地
10．accommodate v. 给……提供住宿→_______________ n. 住处
11．found v. 创立，创建→___________ n. 地基
12．recover v. 从(糟糕经历中)恢复→________ n. 恢复
13．vary vt.& vi. 相异→________ adj. 各种不同的→________ n. 多样化，变化
amazing
amazed
amazement
survival
survivor
effective
effectively
accommodation
foundation
recovery
various
variety
14．concentrate v. 专注，专心→_____________ adj. 集中的；全神贯注的→______________ n. 集中
15．freeze v. 突然停止，呆住→________ adj. 严寒的→________ adj. 冷冻的
16．image n. 图像，影像→________ v. 想象→____________ adj. 富于想象力的→____________ n. 想象力
17．react vi. 对……作出反应→________ n. 反应
concentrated
concentration
freezing
frozen
imagine
imaginative
imagination
reaction
1．The medicine is a simple but highly ________ treatment and it can relieve pains ___________. (effect)
2．Most birds have to fly long distances to ________ during the ________ season. (migrate)
3．We are ________ to see how she made ________ progress in English in such a short time. (amaze)
4．You can't ________ that the teenager is so ____________ that he has designed the ________ in the book full of _____________. (imagine)
effective
effectively
migrate
migration
amazed
amazing
imagine
imaginative
images
imagination
5．He was ___________ to fight the illness with courage and _____________， which ____________ by his character rather than choice. (determine)
6．In the crash, only two ________ and the ________ told the reporters about their ________ in detail. (survive)
7．For ten years, spending on this program increased ________， and ________ total energy consumption declined. (annual)
8．The company ________ well after going through several lean years and the ________ inspired the staff to work hard. (recover)
determined
determination
is determined
survived
survivors
survival
annually
annual
recovered
recovery
1.measure [熟义] n. 措施，方法　v. 量，测量
[生义] n. ______________ vt. ______________
vi. ____________________________
2.crash [熟义] vt. 坠毁，碰撞
[生义] v. ______________
3.recover [熟义] v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复
[生义] v. _____________________________
4.image [熟义] n. 图像，影像
[生义] n. ______________________________________________
三　熟词生义
尺寸；程度
估量，判定
(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为
暴跌；崩溃
重新找回；收回(开支、投资等)
(头脑里的)形象；观念；(个人、团体或组织的)形象
1．Legal action is being taken to recover the money.
正在采取法律措施来________那笔钱。
2．Share prices crashed to an all time low yesterday.
昨天股票价格________到了前所未有的最低纪录。
3．It seemed as if the suit was made to his own measure.
这套衣服似乎是按照他的________定做的。
4．The image of art theft as a gentleman's crime is outdated.
艺术品盗窃是绅士犯罪这一________已经过时了。
收回
暴跌
尺寸
观念
1.“破坏”家族 ①___________ v. 毁坏；毁掉 ②ruin v. & n. 毁坏 ③harm v. & n. 损害 ④__________ v. & n. 伤害，使受伤 ⑤hurt v. & n. 伤害 ⑥__________ n. 损失，损害，毁坏 2. sure结尾名词小聚 ①__________ 测定；测量；措施 ②__________ 压力 ③treasure 财富，财产 ④pleasure 快乐 ⑤leisure 闲暇；业余时光 ⑥exposure 暴露；接触；曝光 3.盘点 or结尾名词
①__________ 教授
②inventor 发明者
③visitor 拜访者
④conductor 售票员
⑤__________ 编辑
⑥actor 男演员
小积累 word families
destroy
injure
damage
measure
pressure
professor
editor
一　词表短语
1.___________________________ 一举两得，一箭双雕
2．_____________________________________ 猫儿不在，老鼠作怪(指管事的不在，下面的人玩个痛快)
3．________________ 慢点，别急
4．________________ 下倾盆大雨
5．________________ 不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
6．_________ 毕竟，终究
kill two birds with one stone
when the cat's away (the mice will play)
hold your horses
rain cats and dogs
brave the elements
after all
选用上面的短语填空
1．The runners ____________________ during the marathon, pushing through the rain and snow to reach the finish line.
2．The rain is pouring down—in other words it's _______________________．
3．If teenagers are alone at home after school, it may be a case: _______________________________________.
4．Please calm down. __________________ before you make a decision.
brave the elements
raining cats and dogs
when the cat's away (the mice will play)
Hold your horses
二　写作词块
1._______________________________________ 自然界最为壮观的迁徙之一
2．______________________ 自然环境
3．________________ 主要的原因
4．____________________ 在许多地方
5．________________ 砍伐森林
6．________________________ 停止捕猎野生动物
7．________________ 共同努力
one of the most wonderful migrations in nature
the natural environment
the main reason
in many of the places
cut down the forest
stop hunting wild animals
work together
8．______________________________ 享受在野外工作
9．___________________________ 采取措施制止污染
10．_________________________ 关于……提出建议
11．_______________________ 跑回了森林
12．__________________________ 与自然和谐相处
enjoy working outside in the wild
take measures to stop pollution
put forward suggestions on
run back into the forest
exist in harmony with nature
1．(教材P67)一支由伊莱·史莱泽曼教授领导的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队现已找到了答案。 (过去分词(短语)作定语)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．(教材P68)我们对这种迷人的生物了解越多，它们在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其位置的可能性就越大。 (the more ..., the more ...“越……，就越……”)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．(教材P76)毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。(It be ... that/who ... 强调句型)
_________________________________________________________________
A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer.
The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
教材深挖
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．________ v. 寻找，寻求
2．________ n. 位置
3．amaze v. 使惊愕→________ adj. 惊人的→________ adj. 感到吃惊的→____________ n. 惊讶
4．survive v. 活下来→________ n. 生存→________ n. 幸存者
5．effect n. 影响→________ adj. 有效的→___________ adv. 有效地
6．found v. 创立→______________ n. 地基
seek
position
amazing
amazed
amazement
survival
survivor
effective
effectively
foundation
7．recover v. 恢复→___________ n. 恢复
8．vary vt.& vi. 相异→________ adj. 各种不同的→________ n. 变化
9．concentrate v. 专注→_____________ adj. 集中的；全神贯注的→______________ n. 集中
10．react vi. 对……作出反应→________ n. 反应
recovery
various
variety
concentrated
concentration
reaction
1.exclude/Ik'sklu d/vt. ____________ ___________________ 2．underlying/ nd 'laII /adj. ________________ 3．confess/k n'fes/v. ______________ ________________ 4．earnest/' nIst/adj. ____________ ________________ 5.invade/In'veId/v. ________________
6．agony/' ɡ ni/n. _______________
7．fierce/fI s/adj. _________________ ________________
8．vacant/'veIk nt/adj. ____________ _________________
拔高词汇— 高分必备
不包括，把……排除在外
根本的，潜在的
供认，招供；承认，坦白
认真的，诚挚的，真诚的
入侵，侵略
剧痛，痛楚
(动作或情感)强烈的，激烈的
(地方)空着的，无人用的
二、重点语块
I aimed to ________________________ (一举两得) by cleaning the house while the kids were at school. __________________________________ (猫儿不在，老鼠作怪), but I was determined. Suddenly, it started to ____________________ (下倾盆大雨). I had to ________________ (慢点) and rush to close the windows. ____________ (毕竟), water damage is no joke. Despite the weather, I __________________ (冒着风雨) to finish the job. It was a challenge, but I felt a sense of accomplishment afterward.
kill two birds with one stone
When the cat's away, the mice will play
rain cats and dogs
hold my horses
After all
braved the elements
三、重点句式
1．你读的书越多，获得的知识就会越多。(the more ... the more ... “越……，就越……”)
________________ you read, ____________________ you will acquire.
2．正是这艘船把亨利送到了英国。(It be ... that/who ... 强调句型)
____________________ brought Henry to England.
The more books
the more knowledge
It was the ship that
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P68】不幸的是，人类活动是造成黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．【教材P74】但尽管风吹雨淋，我仍然享受在野外工作。
___________________________________________________________________
3．【教材P75】去年春天，我沿着黄石公园的一条小径穿过一片昏暗的森林。
____________________________________________________________________
4．【教材P76】熊也盯着我，厚厚的棕色皮毛滴着水珠。
________________________________________________________________
Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
But despite the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside in the wild.
Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path that took me through a dark forest.
With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me.
硬核考点
考点1　seek v. 寻找；寻求；试图；争取
seek to do sth 试图做某事
seek for/after 寻找，追求
seek sb/sth out 挑选出/物色某人/物
seek one's fortune 寻找致富之路；碰运气
seek sth from sb 向某人寻求某事
1.She managed to calm him down and seek help ________ a neighbour.
2．She is always seeking ________ ways to improve her cooking skills.
3．事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。
The fact is that nowadays _____________________________________________．
4．她寻求在工作和家庭生活之间找到平衡。
____________________________________________________
from
for
many young people are seeking their fortune in big cities
She seeks to find a balance between work and family life.
考点2　measure v. 量，测量；衡量；判定；(尺寸长短、数量等)量度为
n. 计量制；计量单位；措施，方法；程度
measure ... by ... 用……来衡量……
be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算
take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事
make sth to one's own measure为某人量身定做某物
1.Some villagers reported that a huge snake, ______________ (measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave.
2．她决定根据自己的尺寸制作婚纱，确保它完全合身。
She decided to _______________________________________， ensuring it would fit her perfectly.
3．是我们采取行动防止空气被污染的时候了。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
measuring
make her wedding dress to her own measure
It's high time that we should take action/measures/steps to prevent the air from being polluted.
考点3　determine v. 测定，确定；下定决心
determine to do sth 决定做某事
determine on sth 决定某事
determine sb to do sth 使某人下决心做某事
determine that ... 决定……
be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
1.His passion for music determined him ________ (pursue) a career as a professional musician.
2．He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and _______________ (determine). (写作佳句)
3．Because he decided to complete the job on time, he set out to work immediately. (写作佳句)
→____________________________________， he set out to work immediately. (非谓语动词作状语)
4．考试失败后，他下定决心更加努力学习，提高成绩。
____________________________________________________________________
to pursue
determination
Determined to complete the job on time
After failing his exams, he determined to study harder and improve his grades.
考点4　survive v. 活下来，幸存，幸免于难；比……活得长　v. 生存，存活；残留
survive from ... 从……中幸存
Survive ... 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
survive on ...＝live on ... 依靠……生存下来
A survive B (by ...)A 比B活得长(……)
survive 表示“幸免于难”的时候，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词 in 或者 from。
1.As far as I know, the old lady survived her husband ________ 5 years.
2．After she had survived that night, she was confident that everything else would be all right. (写作佳句)
→________________________， she was confident that everything else would be all right. (分词(短语)作状语)
3．人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们存活下去的唯一方法是和自然和谐相处。
Human life is regarded as part of nature and, ________________________ is to live in harmony with nature.
4．失业后，他不得不靠自己的积蓄生活，直到找到一份新工作为止。
After losing his job, ___________________________ until he could find a new one.
by
Having survived that night
the only way for us to survive
he had to survive on his savings
【人教版必修第二册写作佳句】
On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.
放眼平原，我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。
考点5　effect n. 影响，结果；效果；作用
take effect 开始起作用；见效
have an effect/influence/impact on/upon＝affect 对……产生影响
come/go into effect 开始生效
bring/carry/put ... into effect 实施；使……生效起作用
in effect 实际上；事实上
cause and effect 因果关系
side effect 副作用
1.(2024·北京高考)The most __________ (effect) way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog.
2. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect ________ Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues.
3.新法律将于明年一月一日生效。
_________________________________________ on January 1st next year.
4.李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(写作佳句)
During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which _______________________________________________________．
effective
on/upon
The new law will take effect/come/go into effect
have a great effect/influence/impact on/upon Chinese culture
考点6　concentrate v. 专注，专心
concentrate on/upon (doing) sth 专心(做)某事
concentrate (one's mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on 集中注意力/精力于；专注于
表示“专心，集中于”的其他短语：focus/fix one's attention on; put one's mind to; put one's heart into; be absorbed in; be lost in; apply oneself/one's mind to
1.(2024· 浙江高考1月)Then she concentrated on ________ (jog) to the spot where the track curved (拐弯)．
2．(2024·北京高考)But there can be a downside to ______________ (concentrate) on one big thing.
3．They reflect a ____________ (concentrate) beam of light onto the town's central square, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. (写作佳句)
4．挨着我的家伙自始至终想和我聊天。我无法把精力集中到实验上。
The guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. ____________________ _ ___________________．
jogging
concentration
concentrated
I couldn't concentrate on/upon the experiment
考点7　cut down 砍倒；减少
cut back on 减少，削减
cut across 横跨；贯穿；跨越；走近路
cut in 插嘴；打断(谈话)
cut off 中断；使……与外界隔绝；切断；切掉
cut out 裁剪；删去
cut up 切碎，剁碎
1.His teacher advised him to cut ________ some unimportant details in his writing.
2．A powerful twister struck the village, and cut ________ the local power supply.
3．Seat belts have cut ________ the number of injuries in car accidents.
4．我无法逃离现代世界，但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间，而且我也就是这么做的。
I cannot escape from the modern world, but I can ____________________________ I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do.
5．为了节省时间，我们决定横穿公园而不是绕着走。
___________________________________________________________________
out
off
down
cut down/back on the amount of time
To save time, we decided to cut across the park instead of walking around it.
考点8　the more ... the more ... 越……，就越……
“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”结构常用来表示一个事物的程度随着另一个事物的程度变化而变化的关系。
前一个“the＋比较级”相当于状语从句，后一个“the＋比较级”为主句。
此结构中应用形容词或副词的比较级，但需注意避免比较级的重复现象，如：more happier等。
1.(2024·北京高考)And the more tools we have, the ____________ (effective) and insightful we can become.
2．你练习说英语越多，就会越流利。
The more you practice speaking English, ______________________．
3．我坚信，我们越是意识到这句名言的重要性，我们在日常学习和工作中所获得的益处就越多。
I firmly believe that the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, ________________________________________________．
more effective
the more fluent you will be
the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job
【人教版必修第二册写作佳句】
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection.
为了使这一物种免遭灭绝，中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．(2024·全国甲卷)I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an ________ (amaze) person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks come alive.
2．Our main objective was the ________ (recover) of the child safe and well.
3．Jesse cut ________ the parking lot and strolled through the main entrance.
4．The restaurant menu boasts a ________ (vary) of dishes from different cuisines around the world.
amazing
recovery
across
variety
5．She told him that her first ________ (react) was disgust.
6．When studying for exams, it's important to concentrate ________ understanding the concepts rather than just memorizing facts.
7．The more a person reads, the ________ (wise) he will become.
8．Secondly, the ________ (solve) of teamwork are usually better than those of a single person.
9．Depressed and hopeless, Sarah ran across the hall to seek help ________ Katie.
10．She determined ________ (learn) a new language and started attending classes every week.
reaction
on
wiser
solutions
from
to learn
二、熟词生义
1．I continued to measure his progress against the charts in the doctor's office. ____________
2．Police raided fives houses in Brooklyn and recovered stolen goods. _________
3．The system crashed and I lost three hours' worth of work. ____________
4．The advertisements are intended to improve the company's image.___________
估量
找回
崩溃
形象
三、构词法
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodation for the homeless families. ____________
词缀 含义 例词
tion 表示________________ __________, solution, accommodation, reaction, concentration, education, allocation, acceleration
行为、状态，结果
migration
住宿
2．Scientists have studied the migration of fish over long distances in the river. ____________
3．He has also called for an acceleration of political reforms. ____________
4．If we view the problem in a different light, a solution may become more obvious. ____________
5．People have different reactions to the news, so it was impossible to make assumptions. ________
6．There is a need for greater concentration on environmental issues. _________
迁徙
加速
解决办法
反应
关注
四、补全句子
1．我知道你们迫不及待地想看结果，但你们都需要耐心等待。
I know you can't wait to see the results, but _____________________________．
2．此外，孩子们开始交流的时间越早，他们获得社交技能就越快。
Moreover, the earlier children begin to communicate, ________________________ ________________．
3．正是由于你的努力和帮助，我才取得了这么大的进步。(强调句型)
_______________________________________ I have made such great progress.
you all need to hold your horses
the sooner they acquire social skills
It is thanks to your efforts and assistance that
4．我出生的城市这些年来变化很大。(定语从句)
The city ________________________________ over the years.
5．这一发现将对心脏病的治疗产生重大影响。
The discovery __________________________ the treatment of heart disease.
6．她下定决心要在事业上取得成功，并正在不懈地努力实现自己的目标。
_____________________________________ and is working tirelessly to achieve her goals.
where I was born has changed a lot
will have a major effect on
She is determined to succeed in her career
五、长难句分析
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable
句意：现在，这些观测结果的数量超过了来自物理标本的原始数据，由于我们越来越多地使用观测数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们有用吗？
分析：句子主干是_________________________________________________ _________。that引导________从句，修饰先行词_______；since引导___________从句；how引导________从句，作动词investigate的________。
These observations outnumber primary data and I wanted to know
定语
data
原因状语
宾语
宾语
读写用—素养提升
一、加强语言运用——明晰考向　以阅读促运用
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend __41__ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running __42__， but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was __43__ for a “super，” referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I __44__ it! Between the girl making my __45__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __46__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I __47__ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I __48__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I __49__ her bike and went for a ride. The__50__： The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such __51__. That day, I got __52__ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __53__.
I've __54__ a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever __55__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受到他人成就的刺激和激励，盲目跟风，尝试跑步和骑自行车，最终意识到无论为自己设定什么目标，都必须切实可行并适合自己。
41．A.knew B．held
C．won D．quit
42．A.regularly B．silently
C．proudly D．recently
解析：根据文章首句“I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.”可知，作者会因为别人的成就而受到激励。由此可推知，此处是指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者因此受到了激励。故选C。
解析：结合语境和常识可知，作者受到了激励，因此应是开始定期跑步。故选A。
43．A.asking B．looking
C．waiting D．training
44．A.made B．believed
C．hated D．deserved
解析：根据下文“referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon”可知，作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的马拉松比赛，因此她那时正在为之训练。故选D。
解析：根据下文“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者认为慢跑无比无聊，结合上文可知，作者受到其他人的激励而去跑步，其实作者本身没有跑步的意愿，此处是指作者讨厌跑步。故选C。
45．A.advantage B．achievement
C．contribution D．influence
46．A.way B．risk
C．place D．reason
解析：作者遇到的女孩为52.4英里的马拉松比赛训练，而作者在跑15英里的距离，因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者跑步的成就显得非常渺小。故选B。
解析：根据上文“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，跑步对作者而言是无聊的，因此作者放弃了跑步，决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因是后面有大狗在追赶。故选D。
47．A.gave up B．went on
C．turned to D．dealt with
48．A.heard B．dreamed
C．complained D．approved
解析：根据下文“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知，作者买了一辆好的自行车，并骑了很多次，因此作者放弃跑步后把自己的目标转向了骑自行车。故选C。
解析：根据上文描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑行可知，此处表示在骑行方面，作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比赛。故选B。
49．A.painted B．borrowed
C．bought D．parked
50．A.problem B．secret
C．principle D．advice
解析：根据上文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day”和下文“went for a ride”可知，作者去圣迭戈找姐姐，一天姐姐在上班，作者去骑行了，因此此处指作者向姐姐借了自行车。故选B。
解析：根据下文“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，那里的道路穿过宽阔的山谷，在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，所以此处指作者遇到的问题。故选A。
51．A.dangers B．events
C．opponents D．challenges
52．A.passed B．convinced
C．admired D．stopped
解析：作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，结合常识和下文作者放弃骑自行车可知，此处指作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战。故选D。
解析：根据上文内容和下文“by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑行者超过。故选A。
53．A.reliable B．convenient
C．familiar D．appealing
54．A.traveled B．matured
C．missed D．worried
解析：结合上文可知，作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战，又被大约百人超过，作者因此受挫，所以骑行对作者来说就没有那么有吸引力了。故选D。
解析：结合文章最后一句“I've come to accept ... be my own.”可知，经过跑步和骑行这两件事情，作者已经逐渐相信目标应是为自己而设的，由此可知，作者成长了。故选B。
55．A.limits B．dates
C．goals D．tests
解析：综合全文可知，在跑步和骑行这两件事情上，作者均受到了他人成就的影响，但结果都失败了，所以作者逐渐相信不管为自己设定什么目标，这些目标必须是自己的(不与别人比较)。故选C。
精读首句以把握主题
1．完形填空的首句是理解全文的关键。它们经常提供重要的背景信息或引出主题，对解题有重要指导意义。
2．仔细阅读文章首句，可以确定文章基调，预测可能涉及的语境，从而在填空时做出更合理的选择。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材　情绪描写——欣慰、如释重负
欣慰翻涌 a feeling/sense/mixture of relief washed/flooded over/welled up inside/surged through sb
令人欣慰的是 to one's relief
欣慰地看到/知道/听见…… be relieved to see/know/hear ...
满是欣慰 one's heart was filled/overwhelmed with relief and warmth
如释重负 a huge burden/load was lifted off/from one's shoulders
涌出欣慰的泪水 tears well up from a sense of gratification
松了一口气 let out a sigh of relief; sigh with relief; gasp with relief
知道……后思想上释然(石头落地) It's a huge weight/burden/load off one's mind to know that ...
卸下重担 the weight of the world/a heavy burden was lifted
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·重庆市名校联盟高三期中)Humans are not always great at self moderation, especially when things seem both plentiful and tasty. Read on to discover a few of the animals which we have lost for our behaviors.
Dodo
They were once abundant on the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. Larger than turkeys, dodos weighed about 23 kg (about 50 pounds) and had blue gray plumage and a large head. Portuguese sailors discovered them around 1507. These and subsequent sailors quickly killed the dodo population as an easy source of fresh meat for their voyages. The later introduction of monkeys, pigs, and rats to the island proved disastrous to the birds as the mammals fed on their eggs. The last dodo was killed in 1681. Sadly, very few scientific descriptions or museum specimens (样本) exist.
Steller's Sea Cow
Discovered in 1741, Steller's sea cows once inhabited the near shore areas of the Komandor Islands in the Bering Sea. Much larger than present day manatees and dugongs, Steller's sea cows reached a length of 9－10 meters and weighed around 10 tons. They floated at the surface of the coastal waters but unfortunately had little ability to sink. This made them easy targets for Russian seal hunters. Killing was often wasteful and the species was exterminated (灭绝) by 1768, less than 30 years after it was first discovered. No preserved specimens exist today.
Passenger Pigeon
The passenger pigeon was hunted to extinction in the early 1900s. Billions of these birds once inhabited eastern North America. As American settlers pressed westward, passenger pigeons were killed by the millions yearly for their meat and shipped by railway carloads for sale in city markets. Hunters often destroyed their nesting grounds and entire colonies in a single breeding season. From 1870 the decline of the species became dramatic. The last known passenger pigeon, named Martha, died on Sept.1, 1914 in the Cincinnati Zoo in Ohio.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于人类的行为导致三种动物——渡渡鸟、斯特拉海牛和旅鸽的灭绝。
1．Which of the following statements is mentioned about dodos
A．They were believed to have a short history with less than 170 years.
B．Portuguese sailors found them in the 16th century during voyages.
C．Animals like monkeys and pigs didn't threaten dodos' reproduction.
D．They were bigger than turkeys and heavier than Steller's sea cows.
解析：细节理解题。根据Dodo部分中的“Portuguese sailors discovered them around 1507.(葡萄牙水手在1507年左右发现了它们。)”可知，葡萄牙水手是在16世纪的航行中发现了渡渡鸟。故选B。
2．Why were Steller's sea cows effortlessly hunted
A．Because they were large enough to be spotted by hunters.
B．Because they were unable to dive themselves in the water.
C．Because they were regarded as prizes by Russian sailors.
D．Because they floated at the water surface independently.
解析：细节理解题。根据Steller's Sea Cow部分中的“They floated at the surface of ... for Russian seal hunters.”可知，斯特拉海牛因为无法在水中潜水而容易被捕猎。故选B。
3．What do the three animals have in common
A．Human factors speeded up their extermination.
B．They all disappeared before the 19th century.
C．No preserved specimens of them exist today.
D．Their habitats were all in the ocean.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Read on to discover a few of the animals which we have lost for our behaviors.(继续阅读以了解一些因我们的行为而失去的动物。)”可知，文中三种动物的共同点在于都是人类活动加速了它们的灭绝。故选A。
B
(2025·福建省福州金山中学高三月考)Located in the Oaxaca, Mexico, the fishing village Huatulco is home to thousands of baby turtles. I had three open days on my calendar, and a desire to save some turtles. And so, away I went to Huatulco with a powerhouse of willing protectors calling themselves Wildcoast.
To carry out my mission, I was taken to La Escobilla to experience Wildcoast in action. Just one hour north of Huatulco, this protected beach is where mass turtle nesting happens. The natural phenomenon occurs at 12 beaches around the world, three of which are in Mexico. Having just four days during rainy season, thousands of female sea turtles go ashore to lay their eggs.
Between threats like illegal hunters, natural enemies and oil spills, the hatchlings (幼龟) have the whole world against them. As recently as 2012, turtle hunting was not only common practice, but an important part of the culture and diet in the Oaxacan communities.
Wildcoast rescues turtle eggs and recreates habitats. Thanks to their efforts, various sea turtles have made a major comeback, with over 72 million turtles being born now.
I got to hold 50 of the hatchlings in a bowl. Statistically speaking, just one in 1，000 baby turtles will make it to adulthood. Staring at the bowl, I so badly wanted them to find shelter somewhere in the ocean.
Finally, it was time to set those little ones free. Having made sure no suspicious (可疑的) people were nearby, I let out the hatchlings. With each set of waves, we witnessed the survival of the fittest, some crawling (爬行) past the whitewash while others crashed back to shore. A bunch of birds was ready to dive into the sea for their targets.
“One in 1，000.”
Nature was both cruel and sympathetic. After 30 long minutes, the last hatchling made its way to the sea.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者前往墨西哥的华图尔科渔村，与一个志愿者团队一起保护海龟的故事。
4．What is Wildcoast
A．A lively beach housing various wild animals.
B．An official organization tackling ocean oil leaks.
C．An experienced team exploring the coastal areas.
D．A voluntary group assisting the survival of turtles.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I had three open days ... calling themselves Wildcoast.”可知，Wildcoast是一个协助海龟生存的志愿者团体。故选D。
5．Why was the author taken to La Escobilla
A．To liberate collected hatchlings.
B．To protect delicate turtle eggs.
C．To witness mass turtle nesting.
D．To record Oaxacan cultures.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To carry out my mission ... where mass turtle nesting happens.”可知，作者被带到La Escobilla是为了见证大量的海龟筑巢。故选C。
6．Which threat does the author want to protect the turtles from
A．Water pollution.
B．Human hunting.
C．Natural enemies.
D．Ocean waves.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Between threats like illegal hunters ... whole world against them.”以及倒数第三段中的“Having made sure ... were nearby”可知，海龟幼崽面临的众多威胁中包括非法猎人。结合倒数第三段中的内容可知，作者想要保护海龟免受人类狩猎的威胁。故选B。
7．How might the author feel when seeing the hatchlings crawling
A．Relieved.
B．Attached.
C．Concerned.
D．Annoyed.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“With each set of waves ... for their targets.(每组波浪中，我们都见证了适者生存，一些小海龟爬行穿过白浪，而另一些则被冲回岸边。一群鸟准备潜入海中捕捉目标。)”及最后一段内容可推知，作者在看到幼龟爬行时可能会感到担心。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·江西省南昌市第三中学高三期中)
How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
Birds can be excellent companions, but they can also make a lot of noise. Sometimes that noise is unavoidable, but there are a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking (尖叫).
__1__ Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening. Some birds are more likely to make noise than others, but understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
Teach your bird to speak softly. Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling. __2__ It's often easier to teach them soft spoken words compared to other types of sounds. Furthermore, it's important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird. __3__ Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying to discourage.
Avoid quick movements. It's possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird, causing him to feel anxious or over stimulated. __4__ If you have children living at home, teach them not to run through the room your bird is in.
Provide your bird with comfort and security. Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock. If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room, it could be his attempt at sending you a flock call. __5__
A．Understand bird behavior.
B．Train your bird to be quiet.
C．This may be especially useful for parrots.
D．Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E．Try squawking back to let him know that you're safe.
F．Do not raise your voice in response to your bird's volume or tone.
G．Move slowly around your bird, and encourage others to do the same.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何让宠物鸟保持安静。
1．答案：A
解析：根据下文“Some birds are more likely to make noise ... some noise will be unavoidable.(有些鸟类比其他鸟类更容易发出噪音，但在把鸟带回家之前要明白，有些噪音是不可避免的。)”可知，本段主要介绍要了解鸟的行为。A项(了解鸟的行为。)可作为本段主旨句。故选A。
2．答案：C
解析：根据上文“Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling.(当你的鸟吹口哨或轻声细语时，要表扬它，而不是在它大声鸣叫或尖叫时才给予关注。)”可知，设空处应说明这种方法对哪种鸟有作用。C项(这可能对鹦鹉特别有用。)承接上文。故选C。
3．答案：F
解析：上文“Furthermore, it's important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird.”指出当你和你的鸟交流时，保持冷静和温和的语气是很重要的。下文“Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying to discourage.”指出一种行为的后果。F项(不要提高你的声音来回应你的鸟的音量或音调。)承上启下，具体指出这种行为。故选F。
4．答案：G
解析：根据本段主旨句“Avoid quick movements.(避免快速移动。)”及下文“If you have ... your bird is in.”可知，设空处应说明在鸟周围要缓慢移动，并鼓励他人也这样做。G项(慢慢地在你的鸟周围移动，并鼓励其他人也这样做。)中的Move与上文的movements为同族词。故选G。
5．答案：E
解析：根据上文“Birds in the wild ... a flock call.(野生鸟类会通过参加‘群鸣’的方式与其他鸟类沟通，确保鸟群的安全。如果你的鸟在你离开房间时倾向于大声鸣叫，这可能是它试图向你发出群鸣信号。)”可知，当你离开时，鸟的鸣叫是在确认你的安全。E项(试着用叫声回应，让它知道你是安全的。)中的squawking为同词复现，safe与safety为同族词。故选E。

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