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（4）Unit 2 Natural disasters—高一英语牛津译林版（2020）暑假作业
一、语法填空
1.Nicholas might not __________ (survive) this snowstorm had it not been for the TV.
2.To write a good essay, you must first organize your ideas in an __________ (order) way.
3.It is necessary for students to have the ability __________ (write) in English.
4.My elder brother fell off his motorbike yesterday and got badly __________ (injure).
5.He walked slowly, __________ (chat) with his friend on the phone.
6.In order to avoid being infected, the person insisted that he __________ (separate) from his relatives.
7.Having got __________ (injure) in an accident, she wasn't able to enter the final swimming match.
8.With the entrance exam __________ (approach), I felt more and more stressed.
9.A great decline in young workforce is likely __________ (occur) in China.
10.The research __________ (confirm) that the risk of infecting the disease is higher for women so far.
二、阅读理解
Massive flooding in America's Yellowstone National Park caused widespread damage and resulted in many changes far and wide. The recent floodwater changed the path of a river popular for fishing. It also devastated homes, bridges and roadways.
Yellowstone became America's first national park in 1872. It is known for its natural beauty that includes mountains, rivers and lakes. The forces of fire and ice have shaped the park for thousands of years. It is a place where visitors can get close to different kinds of wildlife.
Flooding caused by heavy rains and melting mountain snow did cause a lot of damage. It drove more than 10,000 visitors out of the park. The rain also damaged hundreds of homes in nearby communities. Luckily, no one was reported hurt. However, the park could remain closed for up to one week. Some entrances might not open all summer. The water also washed away camp structures, flooded small towns and caused power cuts in parts of southern Montana and northern Wyoming. The event happened as the park was beginning its busy summer season and received millions of summer visitors.
The Yellowstone River was running at a historically high level of 4.9 meters as it flowed past Billings, Montana's largest city. The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant(工厂) because it couldn't operate effectively with that high water levels. Billings officials said the city only had a 24-hour supply of water. They were asking people to protect water until the river could drop and the plant could restart operation. "None of us planned a 500-year flood event in Yellowstone when we designed the equipment," said Debi Meling, the city's director of public works.
Yellowstone officials said, "The northern half of the park is likely to remain closed over the summer. This will greatly affect the local economy that depends on summer tourists. But we have faith in the park repairs and economic recovery."
11.What does the underlined word “devastated” mean in Paragraph 1
A.Developed. B.Designed. C.Destroyed. D.Demanded.
12.What can we learn about flooding from Paragraph 3
A.Its bad effects. B.Its lasting time.
C.The repairs after it. D.The wildlife hurt in it.
13.What happened to the treatment plant in Billings after flooding
A.It stopped working.
B.It was forced to operate.
C.It only cut down the city's water supply for 24 hours.
D.It was asked to design new equipment to protect water.
14.What's the attitude of Yellowstone officials to the rebuilding work after flooding
A.Uncertain. B.Unconcerned. C.Curious. D.Confident.
三、七选五
A debris flow (泥石流) is a kind of destructive geological disaster. July to August is the most frequent period of debris flows in China. ① ______, it can increase the probability of survival in an emergency.
Don't overlook your surroundings while hiking. Pay attention to the surrounding environment and pay special attention to whether you hear thunder-like sound from the valley in the distance. If you hear it, you should raise the alarm. ② ______.
Don't panic and escape in the direction of a debris flow. When meeting with a debris flow, stay calm. ③ ______. If the path is perpendicular (垂直的) to the direction of the debris flow, climb to the hillside on both sides. The higher the better and the faster the better. It is absolutely not allowed to go downstream of the debris flow.
④ ______ .When travelling by car meeting a debris flow, you should abandon the car and run away. If you hide in the car, it is easy to be buried in the car. In that case, you are at great risk.
Don't think it's safer in the area where the debris flow just happened. Sometimes the debris flow will happen intermittently (间歇地). ⑤ ______, you must be careful of another one on the road. You'd better take another way to find a safe route.
A. Don't try to stay in your car
B. It is likely to be a sign of a debris flow
C. Try to determine the safe path to escape
D.Don't drive a car for a trip in the mountains
E. Stay calm and look at the map on your phone
F. If you know some emergency knowledge about a debris flow
G. If you are walking through the area where the debris flow just happened
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：have survived
解析：句意为:假如没有电视机的话,尼古拉斯可能无法挺过这场暴风雪。该句是对过去事实的一种假设,因此要用虚拟语气,且主句应用过去完成时。从句为倒装结构,可以转换为Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm if it had not…
2.答案：orderly
解析：考查形容词。设空处修饰名词 way,应用形容词。故填orderly。
3.答案：to write
解析：句意为:对学生们来说,拥有用英语写作的能力是必要的。此处用不定式作后置定语,修饰ability。
4.答案： injured
解析：考查形容词。句意：我哥哥昨天从摩托车上摔下来，受了重伤。get可理解为“达到，处于（状态）”，相当于系动词用法，后接形容词。根据提示词injure和句意可知，应填入形容词injured，作表语，表示“受伤的”。故填injured。
5.答案：chatting
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 他慢慢地走着, 和朋友在电话里聊天。根据句意并分析句子结构可知, 动词chat与其逻辑主语He之间是主谓关系, 所以用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。 故填chatting。
6.答案：(should) be separated
解析： 考查虚拟语气。动词insist意为“坚持, 坚决要求”时, 后接的宾语从句需用虚拟语气, 即“should+动词原形”, 其中should可以省略。根据句意可知, 此处表示被动, 所以用被动语态。故填(should) be separated。
7.答案：injured
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 由于在一次事故中受伤, 她无法参加最后的游泳比赛。根据句意并分析句子结构可知, 动词injure与其逻辑主语she之间是动宾关系, 此处构成“get+动词-ed形式”结构, 表示被动。故填injured。
8.答案：approaching
解析：考查with复合结构。句意: 随着入学考试临近, 我的压力越来越大。分析句子结构可知, 此处构成with的复合结构, 即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”, approach与the entrance exam之间是逻辑上的主谓关系, 所以用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。故填approaching。
9.答案：to occur
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:年轻劳动力骤减（的情况）可能在中国发生。be likely to do“可能做……”，故填to occur。
10.答案：has confirmed
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:该研究已经证实，到目前为止，女性感染这种疾病的风险更高。分析句子结构可知,设空处为主句的谓语，由时间状语so far可知应用现在完成时，且主语为research，应用第三人称单数，故填 has confirmed。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知,美国黄石国家公园的大规模洪水造成了广泛的破坏,并导致了许多变化,最近的洪水改变了一条受欢迎的钓鱼河流的路径。所以本段主要介绍了大洪水造成的破坏与变化,画线词前的also表明该句也是讲述洪水造成的破坏,因此推知devastated意为“破坏”。故选C。
12.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知,大雨和山地积雪融化造成的洪水确实造成了很大的破坏,下文则具体介绍了洪水造成的破坏。由此可知,本段主要讲述的是洪水的坏影响。故选A。
13.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知,随着水位不断上升,该处理厂被迫关闭。故选A。
14.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“we have faith in the park repairs”可知,他们对重建非常有信心。故选D。
三、七选五
答案：FBCAG
解析：①根据空后的it can increase the probability of survival in an emergency及下文的叙述可知,F项(如果你了解一些紧急应对泥石流的知识)符合语境。故选F项。
②空前两句介绍如果听见像雷的声音要提高警惕,B项(那很可能是泥石流即将到来的迹象)解释要提高警惕的原因,符合语境。B项中的It指代上文的thunder-like sound。故选B项。
③根据空后内容可知,此处是介绍遭遇泥石流时的逃跑路径,C项(试图确定安全的逃生路径)引起下文。故选C项。
④根据空后的内容,尤其是you should abandon the car and run away. If you hide in the car, it is easy to be buried in the car.可知,A项(不要试图待在车里)适合作为本段的中心句。故选A项。
⑤根据空前的Don't think it's safer in the area where the debris flow just happened.及空后的you must be careful of another one on the road 可知,G项(如果你正走过刚刚发生泥石流的地区)符合语境。故选G项。

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