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（5）Unit 2 Natural disasters—高一英语牛津译林版（2020）暑假作业
一、语法填空
1.These days, football, going back over two thousand years to ancient China, is fun enough __________ (attract) millions of people.
2.From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, __________ (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.
3.Earthquakes are among the most __________ (power) natural disasters on earth, and their results can be terrifying.
4.The two experiments __________ (conduct) next week will prove Professor Li's assumption.
5.He stood in line overnight, only __________ (inform) the tickets had already sold out.
6.You are the only person in our class __________ (admit) into Peking University.
7.Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award, proud Irene declared she had no plans __________ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
8.When we got a call __________ (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
9.The hotel makes every effort __________ (make) the guests feel at home.
10.Forty percent of the land in the village __________ (flood) and the majority of the villagers have moved to safety.
二、阅读理解
As New Zealand begins the long, costly task of clearing up after Cyclone(飓风) Gabrielle cut a disastrous path across much of the North Island on Feb 12 and 13, finger pointing has started.
The cleanup and rebuilding may take years, and even longer in remote parts, with costs running into the billions of dollars.
What made the cyclone worse for New Zealand was that it followed nearly a week of heavy rain in late January that caused the worst flooding in the nation's history.
Green Party leader James Shaw delivered a speech on Feb 14, saying: “I struggle to find words to express what I am thinking and feeling about this particular crisis. I don't think I've ever felt as sad or as angry about the lost decades that we spent arguing about whether climate change was real or not, whether it was caused by humans or not, whether it was bad or not, whether we should do something about it or not, because it is clearly here now, and if we do not act, it will get worse.”
Shaw's speech highlighted the growing concern in New Zealand and across the world on the increasing effect of climate change on global weather patterns.
A lecturer in the University of Auckland said it was high time the country moved away from passive responses to natural disasters and adopted an active approach.
“In the next decades down to the end of this century, we expect that ocean temperatures will steadily climb and extreme events will become more common, serious, and long-lasting,” a marine expert said. “The actual trajectory(轨迹), however, depends on how society will deal with the climate change challenge.”
11.The underlined phrase “finger pointing” in the first paragraph probably means .
A. blame B. praise C. approval D. celebration
12.What made the cyclone worse for New Zealand
A. It will take a long time and cost a lot of money to clean up and rebuild.
B. Heavy rain had lasted for nearly a week before the cyclone hit New Zealand.
C. Some people made a lot of complaints about the cyclone.
D. The cyclone caused the worst flooding in the history of New Zealand.
13.According to what Shaw said in paragraph 4, which of the following statements is correct
A. It was easy for Shaw to express himself about the cyclone.
B. Shaw felt very sad and angry about the cyclone.
C. It is necessary to argue about climate change.
D. Humans should take action to deal with climate change right away.
14.What would be the best title for the passage
A. Cleanup and rebuilding after Cyclone
B. Attaching importance to climate change
C. Cyclone seen as wake-up call on climate change
D. Increasing ocean temperatures responsible for extreme events
三、七选五
Light therapy is not the only treatment for jet lag(时差反应). There are other things you can do to feel less tired the next time you travel. Sleep experts at the medical website WebMD have these suggestions on how to fight jet lag.
①_____
Several days before you travel, start moving your bedtime and hours for meals closer to the time you plan to eat and sleep on your trip.
Start making small changes while in flight
Change your watch when you get on the airplane. This is playing a trick on your mind. But it can help you to start thinking of the time at the other end of the flight. Try to sleep on the plane if it is nighttime in the place where you are going. ②_____.
Arrive early
If you are traveling for work or for a personal reason, try to arrive a few days early, if possible. ③_____.
Drink water
Drink lots of water before, during, and after your flight. ④_____. Alcohol and coffee can have a bad effect on your sleep.
Move around
⑤_____. But after you land, avoid heavy exercise near bedtime. Exercise near bedtime can delay sleep, whether on an overseas trip or at home.
If you travel, what are other tips you use to make it more enjoyable
A. Don't take too much baggage
B. Try to stay awake if it is daytime
C. It will contribute to your high spirits
D. Try changing your mealtime and sleep time before you go
E. During your flight, get up and walk around or stretch every so often
F. This will give your mind and body more time to adapt to the new hours
G. Avoid drinking alcohol or coffee a few hours before you plan to sleep
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：to attract
解析：句意为:足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国,如今,足球的乐趣足以吸引数百万人。“be+形容词+enough+ to do ...”为固定结构,意为“足够……去做某事”,不定式作结果状语。
2.答案：resulting
解析：考查现在分词作结果状语。句意:从2000年至2019年,全球共发生7,348起重大自然灾害,造成经济损失29,700亿美元。本句已有谓语动词were,设空处应用非谓语动词形式。7,348 major natural disasters与result之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。
3.答案：powerful
解析：句意为:地震是地球上影响最大的自然灾害之一,它们(造成)的结果是极其可怕的。设空处作定语,修饰disasters,应填形容词,根据语境可知应填 powerful。
4.答案：to be conducted
解析：句意为:下周将要进行的两个实验将证实李教授的假设。设空处作后置定语,应用非谓语形式,根据 next week可知,应用不定式表将来;conduct 和The two experiments之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以应用不定式的被动式。故填 to be conducted。
5.答案：to be informed
解析：句意为:他排了一夜的队,却被告知票已经卖完了。“only+不定式”表示意料之外的结果;inform与主语He之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故此处应用不定式的被动式。故填 to be informed。
6.答案：to be admitted
解析：句意为:你是我们班唯一一个被北京大学录取的人。person前有 the only修饰,应用不定式作后置定语;person与 admit之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用不定式的被动式。故填 to be admitted。
7.答案：to retire
解析：此处用动词不定式做后置定语, 修饰前面的名词plans, 表示“……的计划”。
8.答案：saying
解析：句意为: 当我们接到说她入围的电话时, 我们以为这只是一个玩笑。设空处应用非谓语动词作定语, 修饰call, 且call与say之间为逻辑上的主动关系, 故填现在分词saying。
9.答案：to make
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：旅馆尽一切努力使客人有宾至如归的感觉。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，因此需要填入非谓语动词；此处表示目的，因此用动词不定式。故填to make。
10.答案：has been flooded
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处是句子谓语,动词flood与其主语Forty percent of the land之间是被动关系,结合后半句中的“have moved”可知,此处应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语表单数意义,所以谓语也用单数形式。故填has been flooded。句意:村里40%的土地被洪水淹没,大多数村民已经转移到安全的地方。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。一是根据短语字面意思:“将手指指向某人”含有“指责”之意;二是根据对下文的理解,第四段中James Shaw 的观点“if we do not act, it will get worse(如果我们不采取行动,情况会变得更糟。)”和第六段奥克兰的一位讲师的观点“it was high time the country moved away from passive responses to natural disasters and adopted an active approach(现在是时候让国家摆脱对自然灾害的被动反应,采取积极的方法了。)”都表现出两人对现状的不满。故猜测“finger pointing”意为“指责”,故选A。
12.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“What made the cyclone worse for New Zealand was that it followed nearly a week of heavy rain in late January that caused the worst flooding in the nation's history.(让这场飓风对新西兰造成更严重影响的是,在1月底,新西兰经历了近一周的暴雨,引发了该国历史上最严重的洪水。)”可知,飓风造成了新西兰历史上最严重的洪水。故选B。
13.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中James Shaw的观点“if we do not act, it will get worse(如果我们不采取行动,情况会变得更糟。)”可知,人们是时候采取行动了。故选D。
14.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章讲述飓风Gabrielle给新西兰带来的灾害以及飓风发生后,三个不同的人发表了同一主题的感慨—人们应该积极行动起来主动应对气候变化。所以C选项“飓风被视为气候变化的警钟”符合文章主旨,适合做标题,故选C。
三、七选五
答案：①-⑤ DBFGE
解析：①本段的关键词为 bedtime和 hours for meals，根据关键词对比选项可知D项最为符合，故选D。
②空前一句的表达形式同B项一致，均为 Try to…if…形式，且B项中的 daytime与空前一句中的 nighttime相对应，故选B。
③本段主要讲要早到，而F项中的This恰好承接上文，并且叙述了早到的好处，故选F。
④根据小标题可知本段讲应该多喝水，空后提到了喝酒和喝咖啡的坏处，那么此空应该是不要喝酒或咖啡，故选G。
⑤根据小标题以及空后的 after you land可推断出，此空应该是讲在飞行过程中四处走动一下，故E选项符合语境。

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