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主题15　跨文化沟通、包容与合作
对接教材 人教版 选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Body language;选择性必修第二册Unit 2 Bridging cultures
外研版 选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries; 选择性必修第四册Unit 3 The world meets China
说明:本主题词汇来源于各版本相同主题单元词汇以及课标中同主题词汇
【主题语料·分类群记】
一、文化礼仪
1.awkward adj.　　　 令人尴尬的;难对付的
2.casually adv. 漫不经心地;非正式地
casual adj. 随便的;非正式的;临时的;偶然的
3.ceremony n. 典礼;仪式
4.civilize vt. (使)开化;使文明
civilization n. 开化;教化;文明
civilized adj. 文明的;开化的;有礼貌的
5.conflict n. 抵触,冲突,矛盾
vi. 冲突,抵触
6.cultural adj. 文化的
culture n. 文化
7.custom n. 风俗,习俗;个人习惯;光顾
8.differ vi. 不同;相异
different adj. 不同的
difference n. 不同;差异
9.embarrass v. (尤指在社交场合) 使窘迫,使尴尬;使困惑
embarrassment n. 尴尬,难为情
embarrassed adj. 尴尬的;窘迫的
embarrassing adj. 使人尴尬的;令人为难的
10.individual n. 个人
adj. 单独的;个别的
11.interpersonal adj. 人际的;人与人之间的
12.manner n.[常用单数]方式;方法;[常用单数]举止;态度;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
13.occasion n. 时机,机会;场合
occasional adj. 偶然的
occasionally adv. 偶尔;偶然
14.personal adj. 个人的,私人的;私密的,隐私的
15.rank n. 地位,级别;军衔
v. 把……分等级;排列
16.status n. 法律地位;身份
二、包容与合作
1.accustomed adj. 经常的;惯常的;习惯的
2.adjust vt.& vi. 适应;习惯
vt. 调整;调节;整理
adjustment n. 调整,调节;适应
adjustable adj. 可调节的
3.admire v. 钦佩;赞赏;羡慕
admirable adj. 令人钦佩的;极好的;值得赞扬的
admiration n. 钦佩;赞赏;羡慕
4.agree vi.& vt. 同意,赞成
agreement n. 协议;同意,一致
disagree vi.& vt. 不同意;有分歧
vi. 不一致
disagreement n. 意见不合,分歧,争论
5.aspect n. 方面;外观;样子
6.autonomous adj. 自治的,有自治权的;自主的,有自主权的
7.behave vi. 表现
behavio(u)r n. 行为,举止;态度
8.betray v. 背叛;对……不忠;辜负;违背(信仰、原则等)
9.bridge n. 桥;桥梁,纽带
vt. 克服(障碍)
10.chopstick n.(pl.) 筷子
11.circumstance n. 条件,状况;(pl.)境况,(尤指)经济状况
12.complex adj. 复杂的;合成的
n. 建筑群;复合体
complexity n. 复杂性;难题
13.condition n. 状况,状态;条件,环境;疾病
14.consequence n. 后果
consequent adj. 随之发生的,作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此;结果;所以
15.controversial adj. 引起争论的;有争议的
16.diverse adj. 多种多样的;不同的
diversity n. 多种多样;多样性
17.division n. 分歧;分裂;分开
divide v. (使)分开,分成;分配,分担
18.equal n. 同等的人;相等物
v. 与……相等,等于;比得上
adj. 相等的;平等的;能胜任的
equality n. 平等;相等;等式
equally adv. 同样地;相等地;平等地;平均地
19.exchange n. 交换;交流
vt. 交换;交流;交易;兑换
20.insight n. 洞察力;领悟
21.integrate vt.& vi. (使)合并;(使)加入
22.integrity n. 正直,诚实
23.judge v. 判断;猜测
n. 法官;裁判员;鉴定人
judgement n. 看法;判决;判断力
24.liberty n. 自由
25.misunderstand vt. 误解;误会
misunderstanding n. 误解;误会;不和
26.ridiculous adj. 可笑的,荒谬的
27.situation n. 情境;情况;情形;形势
28.tough adj. 艰难的,难办的
toughly adv. 固执地;强硬地
toughness n. 韧性;强硬
三、主题词块
1.adapt/adjust to... 适应……
2.cultural conflict 文化冲突
3.cultural differences 文化差异
4.exchange students 交换生
5.put yourself in sb’s place 换位思考
6.in vain 徒然;无效
7.by contrast 相比之下
8.get across 把……解释清楚,被传达
9.to some extent 在某种程度上
10.go door to door 走家串户,挨家挨户
11.break down 消除;分解;打破
12.speak up 大声点说;明确表态
13.feel at home 舒服自在;不拘束
14.side with 支持;站在……的一边
15.get involved in 参与;卷入;与……有关联
16.cost an arm and a leg (使)花一大笔钱
17.lack of communication 缺乏交流
四、主题佳句
1.not...until... 直到……才……
I didn’t fit in well with life abroad until I had a better understanding of Western culture.
直到我对西方文化有了更好的了解我才适应了国外的生活。
2.“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构
I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for directions in this country.
在这个国家,我必须学会如何使用公共交通工具以及如何问路。
3.祈使句+and/or+陈述句
Explore the country from all aspects and before you know it,you will have a better understanding of its culture.
从各个方面探索这个国家,不知不觉间你就会对它的文化有一个更好的了解。
4.独立主格结构
Not understanding what the teacher was saying,he sat quietly,his eyes staring out of the window.
不明白老师在说什么,他静静地坐着,眼睛盯着窗外。
【课堂小结·多维练透】(限时15分钟)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,Nappy,“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment (adjust).(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior (behave) up a notch.(2024·全国甲卷)
3.Hutongs represent an important cultural (culture) element of the city of Beijing.(2023·浙江1月卷)
4.The Canadian government is committed to advancing the equality (equal) and the use of English and French.
5.He added that there are many risks involved when AI is capable of exercising its own judgement (judge).
6.The admiration (admire) and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.(2021·浙江6月卷)
7.History is an essential part of human civilization (civilize).(2020·天津5月卷)
8.As far as I am concerned,little is known about the botanic diversity (diverse) of the region.
Ⅱ.语境辨义
1.选出manner的汉语意思
A.n.方式;方法　B.n.举止;态度　C.n.礼貌;礼仪　D.n.规矩;习俗
①As far as I’m concerned,it is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.C
②Stop trying to balance time between them all.Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.(2022·浙江1月卷)A
③Normally people in the upper class have a polite and cool manner.B
④He bought a book about the social morals and manners of the seventeenth century.D
2.猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思
①He was soon promoted to the rank of general in the army.n.军衔
②It is unlikely that the two sides will be able to bridge their differences.vt.克服(障碍)
③Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)n.疾病
④No other automotive engine has been able to equal its toughness and economy.vt.比得上
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.It is not easy for international students to adapt/adjust to the teaching methods in a foreign country at first.
对国际学生来说,起初要适应国外的教学方法并不容易。
2.Communication can help break down the barriers between young men and their parents.
沟通可以帮助打破年轻人和他们父母之间的隔阂。
3.They have a straightforward and free attitude towards life,and their friendliness and warmth make me feel at home wherever I go.
他们对生活有着直率和自由的态度,他们的友好和热情让我无论走到哪里都感到舒服自在。
4.I was engaged in my study and got involved in social activities as well,which boosted my confidence.
我投身于我的学业,同时也参与了社会活动,这增强了我的自信心。
5.Weather permitting,I will pay a visit to the magnificent Great Wall with my Chinese friends.(独立主格结构)
如果天气允许,我将和我的中国朋友们去参观雄伟的长城。
6.Follow my advice and you will know how to cooperate with your foreign friends.(祈使句+and+陈述句)
听从我的建议,你将会知道如何与你的外国朋友合作。
【默写主题单词】
一、文化礼仪
1.awkward adj.　　　 令人尴尬的;难对付的
2.casually adv. 漫不经心地;非正式地
casual adj. 随便的;非正式的;临时的;偶然的
3.ceremony n. 典礼;仪式
4.civilize vt. (使)开化;使文明
civilization n. 开化;教化;文明
civilized adj. 文明的;开化的;有礼貌的
5.conflict n. 抵触,冲突,矛盾
vi. 冲突,抵触
6.cultural adj. 文化的
culture n. 文化
7.custom n. 风俗,习俗;个人习惯;光顾
8.differ vi. 不同;相异
different adj. 不同的
difference n. 不同;差异
9.embarrass v. (尤指在社交场合) 使窘迫,使尴尬;使困惑
embarrassment n. 尴尬,难为情
embarrassed adj. 尴尬的;窘迫的
embarrassing adj. 使人尴尬的;令人为难的
10.individual n. 个人
adj. 单独的;个别的
11.interpersonal adj. 人际的;人与人之间的
12.manner n.[常用单数]方式;方法;[常用单数]举止;态度;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
13.occasion n. 时机,机会;场合
occasional adj. 偶然的
occasionally adv. 偶尔;偶然
14.personal adj. 个人的,私人的;私密的,隐私的
15.rank n. 地位,级别;军衔
v. 把……分等级;排列
16.status n. 法律地位;身份
二、包容与合作
1.accustomed adj. 经常的;惯常的;习惯的
2.adjust vt.& vi. 适应;习惯
vt. 调整;调节;整理
adjustment n. 调整,调节;适应
adjustable adj. 可调节的
3.admire v. 钦佩;赞赏;羡慕
admirable adj. 令人钦佩的;极好的;值得赞扬的
admiration n. 钦佩;赞赏;羡慕
4.agree vi.& vt. 同意,赞成
agreement n. 协议;同意,一致
disagree vi.& vt. 不同意;有分歧
vi. 不一致
disagreement n. 意见不合,分歧,争论
5.aspect n. 方面;外观;样子
6.autonomous adj. 自治的,有自治权的;自主的,有自主权的
7.behave vi. 表现
behavio(u)r n. 行为,举止;态度
8.betray v. 背叛;对……不忠;辜负;违背(信仰、原则等)
9.bridge n. 桥;桥梁,纽带
vt. 克服(障碍)
10.chopstick n.(pl.) 筷子
11.circumstance n. 条件,状况;(pl.)境况,(尤指)经济状况
12.complex adj. 复杂的;合成的
n. 建筑群;复合体
complexity n. 复杂性;难题
13.condition n. 状况,状态;条件,环境;疾病
14.consequence n. 后果
consequent adj. 随之发生的,作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此;结果;所以
15.controversial adj. 引起争论的;有争议的
16.diverse adj. 多种多样的;不同的
diversity n. 多种多样;多样性
17.division n. 分歧;分裂;分开
divide v. (使)分开,分成;分配,分担
18.equal n. 同等的人;相等物
v. 与……相等,等于;比得上
adj. 相等的;平等的;能胜任的
equality n. 平等;相等;等式
equally adv. 同样地;相等地;平等地;平均地
19.exchange n. 交换;交流
vt. 交换;交流;交易;兑换
20.insight n. 洞察力;领悟
21.integrate vt.& vi. (使)合并;(使)加入
22.integrity n. 正直,诚实
23.judge v. 判断;猜测
n. 法官;裁判员;鉴定人
judgement n. 看法;判决;判断力
24.liberty n. 自由
25.misunderstand vt. 误解;误会
misunderstanding n. 误解;误会;不和
26.ridiculous adj. 可笑的,荒谬的
27.situation n. 情境;情况;情形;形势
28.tough adj. 艰难的,难办的
toughly adv. 固执地;强硬地
toughness n. 韧性;强硬
【默写主题词块】
1.adapt/adjust to... 适应……
2.cultural conflict 文化冲突
3.cultural differences 文化差异
4.exchange students 交换生
5.put yourself in sb’s place 换位思考
6.in vain 徒然;无效
7.by contrast 相比之下
8.get across 把……解释清楚,被传达
9.to some extent 在某种程度上
10.go door to door 走家串户,挨家挨户
11.break down 消除;分解;打破
12.speak up 大声点说;明确表态
13.feel at home 舒服自在;不拘束
14.side with 支持;站在……的一边
15.get involved in 参与;卷入;与……有关联
16.cost an arm and a leg (使)花一大笔钱
17.lack of communication 缺乏交流
【默写主题佳句】
1.I didn’t fit in well with life abroad until I had a better understanding of Western culture.(not...until...)
直到我对西方文化有了更好的了解我才适应了国外的生活。
2.I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for directions in this country.(“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构)
在这个国家,我必须学会如何使用公共交通工具以及如何问路。
3.Explore the country from all aspects and before you know it,you will have a better understanding of its culture.(祈使句+and/or+陈述句)
从各个方面探索这个国家,不知不觉间你就会对它的文化有一个更好的了解。
4.Not understanding what the teacher was saying,he sat quietly,his eyes staring out of the window.(独立主格结构)
不明白老师在说什么,他静静地坐着,眼睛盯着窗外。
1.differ vi.不同;相异;意见相左 (difference n.不同之处 different adj.不同的)
先运用　补全句子
①The development of science and technology makes a great difference to our life.(短文投稿)
科技的发展对我们的生活产生了极大的影响。
②American and British English differ from/are different from each other in many small ways,but the differences make no difference to communication.
美式英语和英式英语在许多细微之处都有差异,但这些差异对沟通没有影响。
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)differ from=be different from 与……不同
(2)make a difference to 对……起作用/产生影响
make no difference to 对……不起作用/没有影响
2.embarrassed adj.难堪的,尴尬的 (embarrass v.使窘迫,使尴尬 embarrassing adj.使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的) embarrassment n.窘迫;愧疚;难堪)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
① I felt so depressed and sorry,an embarrassed (embarrass) smile creeping into my face.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②Don’t get caught making an embarrassing (embarrass) mistake at a restaurant.(2022·全国甲卷)
③Belscher was so overwhelmed with/in embarrassment (embarrass) and guilt that he rushed out of the classroom.
④Much to her embarrassment,she realized that everyone was staring at her.(情绪描写)
让她特别尴尬的是,她意识到大家都在盯着她看。
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)be embarrassed at/about 因……感到尴尬
(2)to one’s embarrassment 使某人尴尬的是
with/in embarrassment 尴尬地
3.manner n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.] 礼貌;礼仪;规矩;习俗
先运用　补全句子
①She treated her friends in a rude manner,making her mother disappointed and annoyed.(情绪描写)
她以一种粗鲁的方式对待她的朋友们,这使她妈妈既失望又生气。
②It’s good manners to bring a gift,such as a bunch of flowers,when you visit a Chinese friend.(建议信)
当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候,带个礼物是有礼貌的,比如一束花。
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)in a...manner 以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
(2)It is good/bad manners to do sth 做某事是有/没有礼貌的
table manners 餐桌礼仪
4.rank n.地位;级别;行列 vt.& vi.把……分等级 vt.使排列成行
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year,ranking (rank) second in China.
②They rank him as a realistic painter,who has gained a good reputation.
③ It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list.(2023·全国甲卷)
它是唯一一家跻身全球50家最佳餐厅榜单前10名的泰国餐厅。
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)of the first rank 一流的
(2)rank...as... 把……评为……;把……分等级
rank high/first 名列前茅/第一
5.adjust v.调整;调节;适应;习惯 (adjustment n.调整;调节;适应)
先运用　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Knowing that you have some difficulty adjusting (adjust) yourself to the new school life,I’m writing to give you some tips.
②由于我没有及时调整相关的信息,这给您带来极大的不便,我写信向您道歉。(道歉信)
→I am writing to apologize to you for my not adjusting the relevant information in time,causing great inconvenience to you.(adjust;分词短语作状语)
→I am writing to apologize to you for my not making adjustments to the relevant information in time,which caused great inconvenience to you.(adjustment;定语从句)
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)adjust...to (doing)... 调整……以适应(做)……
adjust oneself to... 使自己适应……
(2)make adjustments/an adjustment to... 对……做出调整
6.behave vi.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体;有礼貌 [well-behaved adj.表现好的 badly-behaved adj.
表现差的 behavio(u)r n.行为,举止;态度]
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子/补全语段
①Habit formation is the process by which behaviours (behave) become automatic.(2023·北京卷)
②If we behave well,we will be popular with classmates and our teachers will be happy to communicate with us.
如果我们举止得体,我们在同学中就会受欢迎,老师也将愿意和我们交流。
③It is highly suggested that you (should) behave yourself when attending feasts.As a well-behaved guest,you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others.(建议信)
强烈建议你参加宴会时,举止得体。作为举止得体的客人,你不应该把筷子插在食物里,或者用筷子指向其他人。
后牢记　用法归纳
behave oneself/well 守规矩/举止得体
behave well/badly to/towards sb 对待某人好/差
7.circumstance n.(usually pl.)条件;环境;状况
先运用　补全句子
①If circumstances permit/allow,I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.
如果情况允许的话,我会立即采取行动实现梦想。
②Even under/in the circumstances,he still spared no effort to improve himself.
即使在这种情况下,他仍然不遗余力地提高自己。
后牢记　用法归纳
under/in no circumstances 无论如何不,决不(置于句首,句子用部分倒装)
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然如此
if circumstances permit/allow 如果情况允许的话
8.consequence n.后果;结果;重要性 (consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的 consequently adv.因此,结果)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Our use of harmful chemicals and the consequent (consequence) damage to the environment is a very serious matter.
②But soon he realized their intention.In consequence,he joined the twins in preparing the Mother’s Day surprise.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
③Drunk driving has been banned.Consequently (consequent),the traffic accidents are decreasing.
④As is shown in the chart above,some students are addicted to computer games.As a consequence/result,they gradually become less interested in their studies.(现象说明)
如上图所示,一些学生沉迷于电脑游戏。结果,他们对自己的学习逐渐不那么感兴趣了。
后牢记　用法归纳
as a consequence(=in consequence=as a result) 结果,因此
as a consequence of(=in consequence of=as a result of) 由于
(be) of no/little consequence 无足轻重;不重要
9.equal adj.相等的;平等的;相当的;能胜任的 n.同等的人;相等物 v.与……相等,等于;比得上
(equality n.平等;相等 equally adv.相等地;平等地;平均地;同样地)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全语段
①From my point of view,Michael Jordan is without equal in playing basketball.
②You should be positive and cheerful,for your mental health is equal to your physical health.
③Firstly,nobody can equal me in oral English.Equally important is that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that I am equal to the job as a volunteer for the fair.(申请信)
首先,没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是,我擅长与其他人交流。因此,我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。
后牢记　用法归纳
be equal to sth/doing sth 等于/胜任(做)某事
equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
be without equal=have no equal 无与伦比
10.break down (机器、车辆等)出故障;(谈判等)失败;(身体等)垮掉;消除,破除(障碍、偏见等);失控痛哭
先运用　语境辨义/用break短语填空/补全语段
①Only by communicating it face to face can we break down the invisible barrier between us.消除,破除(障碍、偏见等)
②Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to break up our marriage.
③Noticing my addiction to the computer games,my mother broke into my room and told me not to stay up or I would break down.She persuaded me to break away from the bad habit.(日记)
注意到我沉迷于电脑游戏,我妈妈闯进我的房间,告诉我不要熬夜,否则我的身体会垮掉的。她劝我改掉这个坏习惯。
后牢记　用法归纳
break up 打碎;分裂;解体;结束;分手
break in 破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入;突然……起来
break away from 脱离;挣脱
break off (使)分离;(使)脱离;停止;中止
break out (战争、火灾)爆发;发生
break through 冲破障碍;(在某领域)有进展或突破
11.独立主格结构
Not understanding what the teacher was saying,he sat quietly,his eyes staring out of the window.不明白老师在说什么,他静静地坐着,眼睛盯着窗外。
先运用　补全句子/句式升级
①He lay there,his teeth set,his hands clenched,his eyes looking straight up.(神态+动作描写)
他躺在那里,紧咬牙关,紧握双手,眼睛直视上方。
②She didn’t know how to answer her son,her heart broken.
她不知道如何回答儿子,她的心都碎了。
③He sat there and wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(动作描写)
→He sat there and wept sadly,burying his face in his hands.(分词短语作状语)
→He sat there and wept sadly,his face buried in his hands.(独立主格结构)
后牢记　用法归纳
　　　　　　　　　　
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致,它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。独立主格结构的常用形式:
(1)逻辑主语+现在分词;
(2)逻辑主语+过去分词;
(3)逻辑主语+动词不定式;
(4)逻辑主语+形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。
[应用文增分练]——推荐大型“文化节”的一个活动
根据提示,用本主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作。
　　假定你是李华。交换生Chris打算去观看你市举行的大型“文化节”活动。请你写信为他推荐一个活动,内容包括: 1.你的推荐; 2.你的理由。
Dear Chris,
Knowing you’re coming to watch the Cultural Festival held in our city,I’d like to give you a warm welcome.I strongly recommend the traditional costume parade at the Cultural Festival.This activity 1.is filled with rich cultural significance (蕴含着丰富的文化意义).
The parade showcases various traditional costumes from different ethnic groups.You can observe the unique designs,colors,and styles,2.which reflect the diverse customs of each group (这些都反映了每个民族多样化的习俗).It is a great way 3.to avoid cultural conflicts (避免文化冲突) as you get to understand the local fashion culture.Through watching this parade,you can 4.gain a deep insight into the local people’s manners and ways of life (深入洞察当地人的风俗和生活方式).Also,you can have the opportunity to exchange ideas with the participants.It will surely be an eye-opening and enjoyable experience for you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[读后续写提升练]——根据提示续写2场景
场景导语:“我”在19岁被学校选中去国外度过一年→因为语言相通,“我”感觉很轻松,同时也适应了文化上的差异……
场景续写1:但也有挑战→课程上的挑战→感受(紧张、痛苦却不后悔)
But there were also challenges that year too.One of my classes was called “Europe Since 1870”.In the U.S., I would have expected an introductory history class, but in England, I was supposed to have already known the history.Now was the time to analyze it.That meant I not only had to learn the history as I went along but also had to try to write a paper explaining why certain events happened as they did.Despite this, I don’t regret anything about my time in London.Even through painful experiences, I learn to grow.
场景续写2:困难时期“我”感到悲伤→化解悲伤(与世界各地的同学交流、学会与不同文化的人打交道)→“我”的感悟
Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick.But luckily, I met some classmates from all over the world, and these wonderful interactions with people watered down my negative feelings.I met dozens of interesting people from places like France, Greece, Germany, Palestine, and Australia.Learning how to make friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds is really fun.Moreover, interacting with these new friends helps me understand the countries they represent.
　　(2021·全国甲卷)When I was 9,we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow,London on a gray January morning.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days,I felt at a loss and out of place.Until I made a discovery.
Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames,is the center of British skateboarding,where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it.I soon made friends with the local skaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite:Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant don’t worry about it.Once,when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆),I fell onto the stones,damaging a nerve in my hand,and Toby came over,helping me up:Safe,man.Safe.A few minutes later,when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks,being a good skater.
When I was 15,my family moved to Washington.I tried skateboarding there,but the locals were far less welcoming.Within a couple of years,I’d given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004,I found myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there.I’ve traveled back several times since,most recently this past spring.The day was cold but clear;tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters.Weaving (穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards,I found my way to the beam.Then a rail-thin teenager,in a baggy white T-shirt,skidded (滑) up to the beam.He sat next to me.He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of his glances.“I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him.Then,slowly,he began to nod his head.“Safe,man.Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said.“Safe.”
语篇类型:记叙文
主题语境:人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通——融入环境,故地重游。
28.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A.He felt disappointed.
B.He gave up his hobby.
C.He liked the weather there.
D.He had disagreements with his family.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知,作者搬到伦敦后感觉不知所措且无所适从。分析四个选项可知,A项中的disappointed(沮丧的)准确描述了作者的心情,故选A项。]
29.What do the underlined words “Safe!Safe!Safe!” probably mean
A.Be careful! B.Well done!
C.No way! D.Don’t worry!
答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知,成为一名好的滑行者,落地技巧是重要的。再根据第二段中的“when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting”可知,作者成功进行了落地动作,周围的朋友夸赞作者“做得好”,故选B项。]
30.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A.To join the skateboarding.
B.To make new friends.
C.To learn more tricks.
D.To relive his childhood days.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I found myself wandering down to Southbank...I found my way to the beam.”可知,作者在回到伦敦后,花了数小时在南岸漫步,并且去了多次,穿梭于玩滑板的孩子中间,忆起自己的过往。由此可推断,作者在重温儿时美好的日子,故选D项。]
31.What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A.Children should learn a second language.
B.Sport is necessary for children’s health.
C.Children need a sense of belonging.
D.Seeing the world is a must for children.
答案　C　[推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者从洛杉矶搬到伦敦后感到不适应,后来在一个滑板运动中心交到了好朋友。作者15岁时,一家人又搬到了华盛顿。他尝试在那里玩滑板,但滑板在那里并不受欢迎,因此作者放弃了。作者多年后再次回到伦敦,重温小时候在伦敦的经历。这些都显示出孩子需要归属感,故选C项。]
[理文脉]
[再利用]
(一)由文本积重点词汇
1.settle v. 定居;安顿;平静下来;解决
2.bend n. 拐弯处,弯道;弯曲
3.skateboarding n. 滑板
4.continuous adj. 连续的,连续不断的
5.beat v. 敲打;打败(某人);跳动
6.local n. 当地人
7.welcoming adj. 欢迎的,热情的,友好的
8.rail-thin adj. 骨瘦如柴的
9.pack up one’s home 收拾好某人的家
10.feel at a loss 感到不知所措
11.make a discovery 有了发现
12.make friends with 和……交朋友
13.try a certain trick 尝试某种技巧
14.a couple of years 几年
15.a rail-thin teenager 一个骨瘦如柴的少年
16.catch a few of one’s glances 稍微看了某人一眼
(二)由文本辨熟词生义
gray [熟义] adj.灰色的;苍白的
[生义] adj.阴沉沉的
The sky is gray,casting a dull hue over everything.
(三)由文本学长难句分析
When I returned to London in 2004,I found myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there.
分析:本句是主从复合句。When I returned to London in 2004为when引导的时间状语从句;spending hours there为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
句意:2004年,当我回到伦敦时,我发现自己在南岸闲逛了好几个小时。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
While climbing the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime dream for many,Jim Spear has taken it a step further,spending the last 18 years as a villager residing beneath this ancient wonder.
“Never did I dream I would have the chance to visit the Great Wall,let alone live under it,” said 68-year-old Spear,a self-taught architect from the United States.
Spear’s interest in China began during his college days.It deepened when he met Tang,a Chinese girl,in 1980,and they got married two years later.In 1986,he decided to drop out of his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California and moved to China “to get to the heart of things”.“I realized that if I became a scholar of China,based overseas,I wouldn’t be able to experience what was happening in China,” Spear said.
In 1995,the couple secured a long-term rent of a traditional village farmhouse in Mutianyu and decided to make it their full-time home ten years later.Shortly after possessing full-time village life,he rented an abandoned schoolhouse and transformed it into a restaurant and art glass factory for a sustainable tourism business.He also turned a former factory into a hotel and helped renovate (翻新) over 20 households into restaurants.Besides,he explored other ways to support those residents in rural areas.“I want to do something for them,” Spear said.
Spear’s designs reflect his natural talent for fusing (使融合) traditional and modern elements,adopting the Great Wall style.However,Spear emphasized his approach involves creating designs and views “that echo (映现) the Great Wall,not copy it”.In 2014,Spear received the Great Wall Friendship Award from the Beijing government.
Talking about the future,Spear sees abundant possibilities in China,driven by significant domestic demand and a growing emphasis on preserving historic structures.
语篇类型:记叙文
主题语境:人与社会——跨文化沟通——热爱中国历史建筑的美国人
1.What do we know about Spear from the first two paragraphs
A.He likes to climb the Great Wall.
B.He came to China when he was 18.
C.He once dreamed of becoming a villager.
D.He has lived beneath the Great Wall for years.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jim Spear...as a villager residing beneath this ancient wonder”和第二段中他说的话可知,Spear之前从没想过自己能到长城旅游,更别说住在长城脚下,而他在长城脚下的村庄里生活了18年,故选D项。]
2.What’s Spear’s purpose of moving to China when he was in college
A.To see a real China.
B.To marry a Chinese girl.
C.To work as an architect.
D.To study Chinese politics.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中Jim Spear的话“I realized that...experience what was happening in China”可知,Spear认为自己如果要成为研究中国的学者,那么在海外的话,就无法体验到中国发生的事。由此可知,大学时他来到中国的目的是看看真正的中国,故选A项。]
3.What is special about Spear’s designs
A.They are inspired by rural residents.
B.They copy the style of the Great Wall.
C.They have received a worldwide prize.
D.They connect the past with the present.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Spear’s designs reflect his natural talent for fusing(使融合)traditional and modern elements,adopting the Great Wall style.”可知,他的设计采用了长城风格,融合了传统和现代元素,即连接了过去和现在,故选D项。]
4.What will Spear possibly plan to do in the future
A.Continue to engage in cultural exchange.
B.Work for another award in structure preserving.
C.Find more ways to support the rural residents.
D.Conduct further study into historic structures in China.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Talking about the future,Spear sees abundant possibilities...on preserving historic structures.”可知,谈到未来时,Spear看到了丰富的可能性,因为他看到了巨大的国内需求和中国对保护历史建筑物的日益重视。由此可推知,未来他可能会继续研究中国历史上著名的建筑物,故选D项。]
(2025·重庆高三三模)
“A fish out of water.” “A bike without a chain.” There are many metaphors for culture shock,all of which attempt to describe the unique experience of being far from one’s home country and culture.
Scientists have studied culture shock for over a century.Rather than focus on the purely negative aspects,psychologists describe it as a process of stress and adjustment.The first stage is the honeymoon phase,when we are filled with excitement about being in another country.Eventually,as daily challenges arise,we enter a state of crisis and anxiety,harboring unfriendly feelings about the host culture.The longer we are immersed in the culture,we adjust and recover from those negative feelings.Finally,after some time we adjust even more and fully accept the new culture.
One of the factors that determines how we react to cultural stress is our personality.Not surprisingly,extraverts (外向者) tend to have an easier time adjusting to new cultures.That is because being in a new country means meeting many new people and spending a lot of time around them,and extraverts thrive in these situations.But introverts simply prefer to be alone after spending time in groups,and only have limited energy to spend in social settings.
Cultural intelligence,or CQ,also plays its part.Cultural intelligence is defined as the capability of an individual to function effectively in situations characterized by cultural diversity.It has to do with our interest in interacting with people from culturally diverse backgrounds,and our ability to adapt to new cultural context.It is argued that the higher our CQ,the lesser the effect of culture shock on our ability to cope in new situations.
Many effective coping strategies are interpersonal.A recent study found that relating to others with empathy is significantly associated with lower stress levels abroad.The more we are able to take on other people’s points of view,the more positive our interpersonal relationships and thus our adaptation to the stress of culture shock.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——跨文化包容——文化冲突
5.What is the function of the first paragraph
A.Explaining the quotes.
B.Raising an argument.
C.Introducing the topic.
D.Presenting an example.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段“Scientists have studied...stress and adjustment.”可推知,第一段用两个习语引入“文化冲突”这一主题,故选C项。]
6.How will a person feel the moment he arrives in a foreign country
A.Anxious. B.Thrilled.
C.Shocked. D.Grateful.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段“The first stage is...being in another country.”可知,人们刚到国外时的感觉是兴奋的,故选B项。]
7.Who will most probably be affected by the cultural shock
A.An active boy interested in anything new.
B.A shy boy unwilling to socialize with strangers.
C.A quiet girl open to diverse cultural backgrounds.
D.A communicative girl fluent in the local language.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Not surprisingly...adjusting to new cultures.”以及“But introverts simply prefer to...in social settings.”可推知,内向、独来独往、不愿社交的人更容易受文化冲击,故选B项。]
8.What is important for dealing with the cultural shock
A.Lowering the stress level.
B.Developing self-awareness.
C.Analyzing the cause of discomfort.
D.Understanding others with sympathy.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第五段“A recent study found...lower stress levels abroad.”可知,带着同理心理解他人是应对文化冲突的有效方法,故选D项。]
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·石家庄高三质量检测二)
Super communicators are people who are consistently able to create real connections with others just by listening and talking.The following are four habits of super communicators.
They know what kind of conversation they’re having.Super communicators are usually able to respond accordingly.If you’re having a practical conversation,your friend might ask you to help make hard decisions.　1　If your friend is just expressing his feelings,you just need to be a good listener.
They prove they’re listening.There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening,like making eye contact or nodding.To do that,experts suggest a technique called “cycles for understanding”.Ask a question and listen to the response.Repeat what they just told you.Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.　2　
They ask a lot of the right questions.Research shows that highly effective communicators tend to ask 10 to 20 times as many questions as everyone else.They may simply be follow-up questions like“What happened next ” Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up.　3　 They ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connections.
　4　 The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone,convince someone or wait for their turn to speak.It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their own views accordingly.The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both parties can benefit from.　5　
A.They aim to understand.
B.Experts call them “deep questions”.
C.They are persuasive communicators.
D.The decisions should be easy to carry out.
E.This practice sounds simple but is powerful.
F.Then you should be ready to give good advice.
G.And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通——超级沟通者的四个习惯
1.F　[上文谈到如果你正在进行实际的对话,你的朋友可能会请你帮忙做出艰难的决定。该空承接上文,继续讲到这种情况下你该怎么做。F项“那么你应该准备好给出好的建议”符合语境。]
2.E　[上文讲到为了证明自己在倾听,专家建议了一个技巧,并讲述了具体的做法。此处为总结句,说明这个做法的好处。E项“这种做法听起来简单,但很有效”符合语境。]
3.B　[上文谈到了一种问题类型——比较简单的后续问题,例如“接下来发生了什么 ”,此处指的是另一种问题,结合空前的“超级沟通者还会提出让人们敞开心扉的问题”和选项可知,B项“专家将它们称为‘深度问题’”符合语境。]
4.A　[本空为超级沟通者的第四个习惯,首先根据其他段落的段首句特点可知,该句是They作主语;再根据本段内容尤其是“genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view”可知,此处指他们力求理解对方,故选A。]
5.G　[上文谈到正确的回应创造了一种信任和开放的氛围,双方都可以从中受益。G项“那实际上是可能发生的最神奇的事情”承接上文,符合语境。]
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·济南高三针对性训练)
Orange chicken,salt and pepper chips,fried rice...Max Burns lists several typical Western-style Chinese dishes that 　1　 him.For Burns who spent his childhood in China,those cuisines are far from 　2　.They are invented to satisfy Western preferences.
Actually,many Westerners regard that particular type of 　3　 as the whole of Chinese cuisine.The average Westerners are not as 　4　 and educated as they could be.That is why he tries to show Chinese food by making vlogs about 　5　 Chinese dishes at home.
The food adventure has helped Burns grow into an 　6　 with over three million subscribers worldwide today and helped 　7　 some people’s ideas about Chinese food.His friends told him they were shocked by the 　8　 of Chinese cuisine and it took them a long time to figure out categories of Chinese cuisine.
　9　,when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 after returning to England,cooking Chinese food at home was a then “　10　 idea”,because he was never into cooking.At the time,the 　11　 centered more on explaining aspects of Chinese culture.However,when Burns couldn’t 　12　 outside because of the weather,he had to learn to cook.“Then I instantly fell in love,”he 　13　.“The more I learned about Chinese cooking,the more I got into it.”
The cooking journey also helps Burns maintain his 　14　 with China,even though he has left China for years.Burns 　15　 the experiences of living in China,enabling him to teach about Chinese cuisine and build a cross-cultural bridge between the East and the West.
语篇类型:记叙文
主题语境:人与社会——跨文化交际——在英国的中国菜美食博主Burn
1.A.attract B.disappoint
C.puzzle D.scare
答案　B　[根据下文中的“They are invented to satisfy Western preferences.”和空后的“Burns who spent his childhood in China”可知,Burns是在中国长大的,这些发明出来满足西方人偏好的菜使Burns失望(disappoint),故选B项。]
2.A.nutritious B.simple
C.genuine D.organic
答案　C　[根据空后的“They are invented to satisfy Western preferences.”可知,这些菜都是发明出来满足西方人偏好的,由此可见,这些菜并不是正宗的(genuine)中国菜,故选C项。]
3.A.material B.dessert
C.restaurant D.fare
答案　D　[上文中提到了“several typical Western-style Chinese dishes”,因此,该空指的正是这类菜,需要用到“饭菜”的意思,故选fare。fare在此处为熟词生义的用法,故选D项。]
4.A.motivated B.treated
C.informed D.recognized
答案　C　[根据上文中的“many Westerners regard that particular type of 　　　　as the whole of Chinese cuisine”可知,西方人对中国的饮食认识很有局限性。由此可见,他们对中国饮食并不是那么了解(informed),故选C项。]
5.A.making B.ordering
C.serving D.ranking
答案　A　[此处考查词义复现。根据下文中的“cooking Chinese food at home”可知,Burns在家拍摄做(making)中国饭的视频,故选A项。]
6.A.influencer B.amateur
C.employer D.organizer
答案　A　[根据上文中的“making vlogs”和空后的“with over three million subscribers worldwide today”可知,Burns通过拍摄在家做中国菜的视频,成了一个有着三百多万粉丝的网络红人(influencer),故选A项。]
7.A.consider B.assess
C.overlook D.shift
答案　D　[根据上文中的“many Westerners regard that particular type of 　　　　as the whole of Chinese cuisine”和空后的“it took them a long time to figure out categories of Chinese cuisine”可知,Burns的视频改变了(shift)一些人对中国菜的认识,故选D项。]
8.A.diversity B.significance
C.popularity D.impact
答案　A　[此处考查词义复现。根据空后的“it took them a long time to figure out categories of Chinese cuisine”可知,Burns的朋友们需要花很长时间才能弄懂中国菜的类别。由此可见,Burns的朋友们对中国菜的多样性(diversity)感到震惊,故选A项。]
9.A.Consequently B.Interestingly
C.Ultimately D.Obviously
答案　B　[上文讲到了Burns通过拍摄中国菜视频成为网络红人,而当他返回英国做中国菜时,“he was never into cooking”(他从不喜欢做饭)。由此可见,这是一件有意思的(Interestingly)事情,故选B项。]
10.A.negative B.practical
C.stupid D.brilliant
答案　C　[本题考查逻辑关系。根据空后的原因状语从句“because he was never into cooking”可知,他从不喜欢做饭。因此,在当时在家做中国菜是一个愚蠢的(stupid)想法,故选C项。]
11.A.courses B.surveys
C.tests D.videos
答案　D　[根据上文中的“when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 after returning to England”可知,此处讲的是2016年Burns进入视频市场时的情况:当时的视频(videos)更多的是在介绍中国文化,故选D项。]
12.A.dine B.film
C.exercise D.work
答案　A　[根据空后的“because of the weather,he had to learn to cook”可知,由于天气,他不得不学习做饭。据此可以推断,Burns不得不学习做饭,是因为他没有办法外出吃饭(dine),故选A项。]
13.A.defends B.recalls
C.comments D.responds
答案　B　[根据空前的“Then I instantly fell in love”可知,此处讲的是Burns回忆(recalls)最初做饭的情况,故选B项。]
14.A.business B.argument
C.difference D.connection
答案　D　[根据空后的让步状语从句“even though he has left China for years”可知,即使他已经离开中国多年了,但是做饭之旅仍让他保持与中国的联系(connection),故选D项。]
15.A.imagines B.evaluates
C.appreciates D.describes
答案　C　[根据空后的“enabling him to teach about Chinese cuisine and build a cross-cultural bridge between the East and the West”可知,在中国的生活经历让Burns能够教做中国菜,并在东西方之间建立一座跨文化的桥梁。由此可见,他很感激(appreciates)这段经历,故选C项。]
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·八省联考)
In 2010,the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages.The goal was two-fold:1.　　　　　　 (celebrate)cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2.　　　　　　 (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication,the bridge of interaction between nations,3.　　　　　　 the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time,a language and its individual 4.　　　　 (write) forms make up the “soul”of a nation’s cultural tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 5.　　　　　　 (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 6.　　　　　　 the world to better understand China,but also 7.　　　　　　 (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today,more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8.　　　　　　 (improve)communication and cooperation between China and 9.　　　　　　 rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture,the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history,its hard-working people,its development through 10.　　　　　　 (innovate) and its inclusiveness.China,on its part,will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——跨文化沟通——联合国设立语言日
1.to celebrate　[考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作目的状语,后文的to promote也有提示,故填to celebrate。]
2.tongues　[考查名词的单复数。根据六种语言的复数意义,需使用tongue的复数形式。]
3.and　[考查连词。此处列举了语言在不同方面的作用,使用and连接并列结构。]
4.written　[考查词性转换。此处修饰名词“forms”,需要使用形容词written,表示“书面的”。]
5.be treated　[考查动词的时态和语态。此处表达的是被动语态,且“should”后接动词原形,因此填入be treated。]
6.for　[考查介词。此处表示平台的目的,是为了“让全世界”更好理解中国,因此应使用介词for。]
7.promotes　[考查动词的时态。此处描述的是目前的情况,因此使用一般现在时,主语the UN Chinese Language Day为单数形式,谓语动词应用promotes。]
8.improving　[考查非谓语动词。介词后应用动词的-ing形式,故填improving。]
9.the　[考查冠词。这里特指“世界其他地区”,用the表示特定的事物。]
10.innovation　[考查词性转换。此处“创新”是一个抽象名词,表示“通过创新”带来的发展,故填innovation。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作
假如你是李华,你和外国交换生Peter计划组织一场名为“Cross-Cultural Food Exhibition”的活动,请写一封邮件给Peter,内容包括:
1.你对活动形式的建议;
2.约定时间讨论安排和分工。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Best regards,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
I hope this message finds you well.The “Cross-Cultural Food Exhibition” is buzzing in my head,and I can’t wait to plan it with you!
I propose that we focus on featuring authentic dishes from different countries.We can set up booths where those foods are introduced and shared.Additionally,interactive cooking workshops could be arranged,thereby enhancing hands-on engagement.To ensure smooth planning,let’s schedule a detailed discussion session.Could we meet online next Tuesday at 6 pm We can finalize the dishes,divide our work,and create a timeline for preparations.
Looking forward to your thoughts on my suggestions.I am confident we can make this activity an unforgettable experience.
Best regards,
Li Hua (共145张PPT)
主题15　跨文化沟通、包容与合作
主题语境二　人与社会
主题群三　社会服务与人际沟通
主题词句 自查过关
内
容
索
引
主题词句 默写检测
主题词句 重点突破
主题写作 双练提升
主题阅读 综合运用
课时作业 一课一练
对接教材 人教版 选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Body language;选择性必修第二册Unit 2 Bridging cultures
外研版 选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries;
选择性必修第四册Unit 3 The world meets China
说明:本主题词汇来源于各版本相同主题单元词汇以及课标中同主题词汇 主题词句 自查过关
一、文化礼仪
1.awkward adj.　 令人尴尬的;难对付的
2.casually adv. 漫不经心地;非正式地
casual adj. 随便的;非正式的;临时的;偶然的
3.ceremony n. 典礼;仪式
4.civilize vt. (使)开化;使文明
civilization n. 开化;教化;文明
civilized adj. 文明的;开化的;有礼貌的
【主题语料·分类群记】
5.conflict n. 抵触,冲突,矛盾
vi. 冲突,抵触
6.cultural adj. 文化的
culture n. 文化
7.custom n. 风俗,习俗;个人习惯;光顾
8.differ vi. 不同;相异
different adj. 不同的
difference n. 不同;差异
9.embarrass v. (尤指在社交场合) 使窘迫,使尴尬;使困惑
embarrassment n. 尴尬,难为情
embarrassed adj. 尴尬的;窘迫的
embarrassing adj. 使人尴尬的;令人为难的
10.individual n. 个人
adj. 单独的;个别的
11.interpersonal adj. 人际的;人与人之间的
12.manner n. [常用单数方式;方法;[常用单数举止;态度;[pl.礼貌;礼仪
13.occasion n. 时机,机会;场合
occasional adj. 偶然的
occasionally adv. 偶尔;偶然
14.personal adj. 个人的,私人的;私密的,隐私的
15.rank n. 地位,级别;军衔v.把……分等级;排列
16.status n. 法律地位;身份
二、包容与合作
1.accustomed adj. 经常的;惯常的;习惯的
2.adjust vt.& vi. 适应;习惯
vt. 调整;调节;整理
adjustment n. 调整,调节;适应
adjustable adj. 可调节的
3.admire v. 钦佩;赞赏;羡慕
admirable adj. 令人钦佩的;极好的;值得赞扬的
admiration n. 钦佩;赞赏;羡慕
4.agree vi.& vt. 同意,赞成
agreement n. 协议;同意,一致
disagree vi.& vt. 不同意;有分歧
vi. 不一致
disagreement n. 意见不合,分歧,争论
5.aspect n. 方面;外观;样子
6.autonomous adj. 自治的,有自治权的;自主的,有自主权的
7.behave vi. 表现
behavio(u)r n. 行为,举止;态度
8.betray v. 背叛;对……不忠;辜负;违背(信仰、原则等)
9.bridge n. 桥;桥梁,纽带
vt. 克服(障碍)
10.chopstick n.(pl.) 筷子
11.circumstance n. 条件,状况;(pl.)境况,(尤指)经济状况
12.complex adj. 复杂的;合成的
n. 建筑群;复合体
complexity n. 复杂性;难题
13.condition n. 状况,状态;条件,环境;疾病
14.consequence n. 后果
consequent adj. 随之发生的,作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此;结果;所以
15.controversial adj. 引起争论的;有争议的
16.diverse adj. 多种多样的;不同的
diversity n. 多种多样;多样性
17.division n. 分歧;分裂;分开
divide v. (使)分开,分成;分配,分担
18.equal n. 同等的人;相等物
v. 与……相等,等于;比得上
adj. 相等的;平等的;能胜任的
equality n. 平等;相等;等式
equally adv. 同样地;相等地;平等地;平均地
19.exchange n. 交换;交流
vt. 交换;交流;交易;兑换
20.insight n. 洞察力;领悟
21.integrate vt.& vi. (使)合并;(使)加入
22.integrity n. 正直,诚实
23.judge v. 判断;猜测
n. 法官;裁判员;鉴定人
judgement n. 看法;判决;判断力
24.liberty n. 自由
25.misunderstand vt. 误解;误会
misunderstanding n. 误解;误会;不和
26.ridiculous adj. 可笑的,荒谬的
27.situation n. 情境;情况;情形;形势
28.tough adj. 艰难的,难办的
toughly adv. 固执地;强硬地
toughness n. 韧性;强硬
三、主题词块
1.adapt/adjust to... 适应……
2.cultural conflict 文化冲突
3.cultural differences 文化差异
4.exchange students 交换生
5.put yourself in sb’s place 换位思考
6.in vain 徒然;无效
7.by contrast 相比之下
8.get across 把……解释清楚,被传达
9.to some extent 在某种程度上
10.go door to door 走家串户,挨家挨户
11.break down 消除;分解;打破
12.speak up 大声点说;明确表态
13.feel at home 舒服自在;不拘束
14.side with 支持;站在……的一边
15.get involved in 参与;卷入;与……有关联
16.cost an arm and a leg (使)花一大笔钱
17.lack of communication 缺乏交流
四、主题佳句
1.not...until... 直到……才……
I didn’t fit in well with life abroad until I had a better understanding of Western culture.
直到我对西方文化有了更好的了解我才适应了国外的生活。
2.“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构
I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for directions in this country.
在这个国家,我必须学会如何使用公共交通工具以及如何问路。
3.祈使句+and/or+陈述句
Explore the country from all aspects and before you know it,you will have a better understanding of its culture.
从各个方面探索这个国家,不知不觉间你就会对它的文化有一个更好的了解。
4.独立主格结构
Not understanding what the teacher was saying,he sat quietly,his eyes staring out of the window.
不明白老师在说什么,他静静地坐着,眼睛盯着窗外。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,Nappy,“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic ____________(adjust).(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this ____________(behave) up a notch.(2024·全国甲卷)
【课堂小结·多维练透】(限时15分钟)
adjustment
behavior
3.Hutongs represent an important ________(culture) element of the city of Beijing.(2023·浙江1月卷)
4.The Canadian government is committed to advancing the ____________(equal) and the use of English and French.
5.He added that there are many risks involved when AI is capable of exercising its own ____________(judge).
6.The ____________(admire) and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.(2021·浙江6月卷)
cultural
equality
judgement
admiration
7.History is an essential part of human ____________(civilize).(2020·天津5月卷)
8.As far as I am concerned,little is known about the botanic ____________(diverse) of the region.
civilization
diversity
Ⅱ.语境辨义
1.选出manner的汉语意思
A.n.方式;方法　　　B.n.举止;态度 C.n.礼貌;礼仪 D.n.规矩;习俗
①As far as I’m concerned,it is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.____
②Stop trying to balance time between them all.Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.(2022·浙江1月卷)____
③Normally people in the upper class have a polite and cool manner.____
④He bought a book about the social morals and manners of the seventeenth century.____
C
A
B
D
2.猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思
①He was soon promoted to the rank of general in the army.__________
②It is unlikely that the two sides will be able to bridge their differences.___________
③Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)__________
④No other automotive engine has been able to equal its toughness and economy.__________
n.军衔
vt.克服(障碍)
n.疾病
vt.比得上
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.It is not easy for international students to _______________________
__________________________________ in a foreign country at first.
对国际学生来说,起初要适应国外的教学方法并不容易。
2.Communication can help ___________________________________ between young men and their parents.
沟通可以帮助打破年轻人和他们父母之间的隔阂。
adapt/adjust to the
teaching methods
break down the barriers
3.They have a straightforward and free attitude towards life,and their friendliness and warmth make me _____________________________ wherever I go.
他们对生活有着直率和自由的态度,他们的友好和热情让我无论走到哪里都感到舒服自在。
4.I was engaged in my study and ______________________________ as well,which boosted my confidence.
我投身于我的学业,同时也参与了社会活动,这增强了我的自信心。
feel at home
got involved in social activities
5.________________________________, I will pay a visit to the magnificent Great Wall with my Chinese friends.(独立主格结构)
如果天气允许,我将和我的中国朋友们去参观雄伟的长城。
6.__________________________________ how to cooperate with your foreign friends.(祈使句+and+陈述句)
听从我的建议,你将会知道如何与你的外国朋友合作。
Weather permitting
Follow my advice and you will know
主题词句 默写检测
【默写主题单词】
一、文化礼仪
1.____________ adj. 令人尴尬的;难对付的
2.____________ adv. 漫不经心地;非正式地
____________ adj. 随便的;非正式的;临时的;偶然的
3.____________ n. 典礼;仪式
4.____________ vt. (使)开化;使文明
____________ n. 开化;教化;文明
____________ adj. 文明的;开化的;有礼貌的
awkward
casually
casual
ceremony
civilize
civilization
civilized
5.____________ n. 抵触,冲突,矛盾
vi. 冲突,抵触
6.____________ adj. 文化的
____________ n. 文化
7.____________ n. 风俗,习俗;个人习惯;光顾
8.____________ vi. 不同;相异
____________ adj. 不同的
____________ n. 不同;差异
conflict
cultural
culture
custom
differ
different
difference
9.____________ v. (尤指在社交场合) 使窘迫,使尴尬;使困惑
____________ n. 尴尬,难为情
____________ adj. 尴尬的;窘迫的
____________ adj. 使人尴尬的;令人为难的
10.____________ n. 个人
adj. 单独的;个别的
11.____________ adj. 人际的;人与人之间的
embarrass
embarrassment
embarrassed
embarrassing
individual
interpersonal
12.____________ n. 　 [常用单数]方式;方法; [常用单数]举止;态度;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
13.____________ n. 时机,机会;场合
____________ adj. 偶然的
____________ adv. 偶尔;偶然
14.____________ adj. 个人的,私人的;私密的,隐私的
15.____________ n. 地位,级别;军衔 v.把……分等级;排列
16.____________ n. 法律地位;身份
manner
occasion
occasional
occasionally
personal
rank
status
二、包容与合作
1.____________ adj. 经常的;惯常的;习惯的
2.____________ vt.& vi. 适应;习惯
vt. 调整;调节;整理
____________ n. 调整,调节;适应
____________ adj. 可调节的
3.____________ v. 钦佩;赞赏;羡慕
____________ adj. 令人钦佩的;极好的;值得赞扬的
____________ n. 钦佩;赞赏;羡慕
accustomed
adjust
adjustment
adjustable
admire
admirable
admiration
4.____________ vi.& vt. 同意,赞成
____________ n. 协议;同意,一致
____________ vi.& vt. 不同意;有分歧
vi. 不一致
____________ n. 意见不合,分歧,争论
5.____________ n. 方面;外观;样子
6.____________ adj. 自治的,有自治权的;自主的,有自主权的
agree
agreement
disagree
disagreement
aspect
autonomous
7.____________ vi. 表现
____________ n. 行为,举止;态度
8.____________ v. 背叛;对……不忠;辜负;违背(信仰、原则等)
9.____________ n. 桥;桥梁,纽带
vt. 克服(障碍)
10.____________ n.(pl.) 筷子
11.____________ n. 条件,状况;(pl.)境况,(尤指)经济状况
behave
behavio(u)r
betray
bridge
chopstick
circumstance
12.____________ adj. 复杂的;合成的
n. 建筑群;复合体
____________ n. 复杂性;难题
13.____________ n. 状况,状态;条件,环境; 疾病
14.____________ n. 后果
____________ adj. 随之发生的,作为结果的
____________ adv. 因此;结果;所以
15.____________ adj. 引起争论的;有争议的
complex
complexity
condition
consequence
consequent
consequently
controversial
16.____________ adj. 多种多样的;不同的
____________ n. 多种多样;多样性
17.____________ n. 分歧;分裂;分开
____________ v. (使)分开,分成;分配,分担
18.____________ n. 同等的人;相等物
v. 与……相等,等于;比得上
adj. 相等的;平等的;能胜任的
____________ n. 平等;相等;等式
____________ adv. 同样地;相等地;平等地;平均地
diverse
diversity
division
divide
equal
equality
equally
19.____________ n. 交换;交流
vt. 交换;交流;交易;兑换
20.____________ n. 洞察力;领悟
21.____________ vt.& vi. (使)合并;(使)加入
22.____________ n. 正直,诚实
23.____________ v. 判断;猜测
n. 法官;裁判员;鉴定人
____________ n. 看法;判决;判断力
exchange
insight
integrate
integrity
judge
judgement
24.________________ n. 自由
25.________________ vt. 误解;误会
_________________ n. 误解;误会;不和
26.________________ adj. 可笑的,荒谬的
27.________________ n. 情境;情况;情形;形势
28.________________ adj. 艰难的,难办的
________________ adv. 固执地;强硬地
________________ n. 韧性;强硬
liberty
misunderstand
misunderstanding
ridiculous
situation
tough
toughly
toughness
【默写主题词块】
1.______________________ 适应……
2.______________________ 文化冲突
3.______________________ 文化差异
4.______________________ 交换生
5.______________________ 换位思考
6.______________________ 徒然;无效
7.______________________ 相比之下
adapt/adjust to...
cultural conflict
cultural differences
exchange students
put yourself in sb’s place
in vain
by contrast
8.____________________ 把……解释清楚,被传达
9.____________________ 在某种程度上
10.____________________ 走家串户,挨家挨户
11.____________________ 消除;分解;打破
12.____________________ 大声点说;明确表态
13.____________________ 舒服自在;不拘束
14.____________________ 支持;站在……的一边
15.____________________ 参与;卷入;与……有关联
16.____________________ (使)花一大笔钱
17.____________________ 缺乏交流
get across
to some extent
go door to door
break down
speak up
feel at home
side with
get involved in
cost an arm and a leg
lack of communication
1.I _________________________________________________________ I had a better understanding of Western culture.(not...until...)
直到我对西方文化有了更好的了解我才适应了国外的生活。
2.I had to learn _____________________________________________ in this country.(“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构)
在这个国家,我必须学会如何使用公共交通工具以及如何问路。
didn’t fit in well with life abroad until
【默写主题佳句】
how to use public transport and how to ask for directions
3.__________________________________________________________ before you know it, you will have a better understanding of its culture.(祈使句+and/or+陈述句)
从各个方面探索这个国家,不知不觉间你就会对它的文化有一个更好的了解。
4.Not understanding what the teacher was saying,he sat quietly, ____________________________________________.(独立主格结构)
不明白老师在说什么,他静静地坐着,眼睛盯着窗外。
Explore the country from all aspects and
his eyes staring out of the window
主题词句 重点突破
1.differ vi.不同;相异;意见相左 (difference n.不同之处 different adj.不同的)
先运用　补全句子
①The development of science and technology ___________________
________________________________our life.(短文投稿)
科技的发展对我们的生活产生了极大的影响。
makes a great
difference to
②American and British English ______________________________
each other in many small ways,but the differences _________________________________ communication.
美式英语和英式英语在许多细微之处都有差异,但这些差异对沟通没有影响。
differ from/are different from
make no difference to
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)differ from=be different from 与……不同
(2)make a difference to 对……起作用/产生影响
make no difference to 对……不起作用/没有影响
2.embarrassed adj.难堪的,尴尬的 (embarrass v.使窘迫,使尴尬 embarrassing adj.使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的) embarrassment n.窘迫;愧疚;难堪)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
① I felt so depressed and sorry,an ____________(embarrass) smile creeping into my face.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②Don’t get caught making an ______________(embarrass) mistake at a restaurant.(2022·全国甲卷)
embarrassed
embarrassing
③Belscher was so overwhelmed with/in _______________(embarrass) and guilt that he rushed out of the classroom.
④________________________________, she realized that everyone was staring at her.(情绪描写)
让她特别尴尬的是,她意识到大家都在盯着她看。
embarrassment
Much to her embarrassment
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)be embarrassed at/about 因……感到尴尬
(2)to one’s embarrassment 使某人尴尬的是
with/in embarrassment 尴尬地
3.manner n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.] 礼貌;礼仪;规矩;习俗
先运用　补全句子
①________________________________________________,making her mother disappointed and annoyed.(情绪描写)
她以一种粗鲁的方式对待她的朋友们,这使她妈妈既失望又生气。
②________________________________, such as a bunch of flowers,when you visit a Chinese friend.(建议信)
当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候,带个礼物是有礼貌的,比如一束花。
She treated her friends in a rude manner
It’s good manners to bring a gift
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)in a...manner 以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
(2)It is good/bad manners to do sth 做某事是有/没有礼貌的
table manners 餐桌礼仪
4.rank n.地位;级别;行列 vt.& vi.把……分等级 vt.使排列成行
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year,____________ (rank) second in China.
②They rank him ____________a realistic painter,who has gained a good reputation.
③ It’s the only Thai restaurant _______________________________
of the world’s 50 best restaurants list.(2023·全国甲卷)
它是唯一一家跻身全球50家最佳餐厅榜单前10名的泰国餐厅。
ranking
as
that ranks among the top 10
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)of the first rank 一流的
(2)rank...as... 把……评为……;把……分等级
rank high/first 名列前茅/第一
5.adjust v.调整;调节;适应;习惯 (adjustment n.调整;调节;适应)
先运用　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Knowing that you have some difficulty ____________(adjust) yourself to the new school life,I’m writing to give you some tips.
adjusting
②由于我没有及时调整相关的信息,这给您带来极大的不便,我写信向您道歉。(道歉信)
→I am writing to apologize to you for _________________________
__________________________, _______________________________. (adjust;分词短语作状语)
→I am writing to apologize to you for _________________________
________________________________, ______________________________________________________________.(adjustment;定语从句)
my not adjusting the
relevant information in time
causing great inconvenience to you
my not making adjustments
to the relevant information in time
which caused great
inconvenience to you
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)adjust...to (doing)... 调整……以适应(做)……
adjust oneself to... 使自己适应……
(2)make adjustments/an adjustment to... 对……做出调整
6.behave vi.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体;有礼貌　[well-behaved adj.表现好的 badly-behaved adj.表现差的 behavio(u)r n.行为,举止;态度]
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子/补全语段
①Habit formation is the process by which ____________(behave) become automatic.(2023·北京卷)
②____________________,we will be popular with classmates and our teachers will be happy to communicate with us.
如果我们举止得体,我们在同学中就会受欢迎,老师也将愿意和我们交流。
behaviours
If we behave well
③It is highly suggested that __________________________________
when attending feasts. ________________________________, you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others.(建议信)
强烈建议你参加宴会时,举止得体。作为举止得体的客人,你不应该把筷子插在食物里,或者用筷子指向其他人。
you (should) behave yourself
As a well-behaved guest
后牢记　用法归纳
behave oneself/well 守规矩/举止得体
behave well/badly to/towards sb 对待某人好/差
7.circumstance n.(usually pl.)条件;环境;状况
先运用　补全句子
①________________________________, I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.
如果情况允许的话,我会立即采取行动实现梦想。
②________________________________, he still spared no effort to improve himself.
即使在这种情况下,他仍然不遗余力地提高自己。
If circumstances permit/allow
Even under/in the circumstances
后牢记　用法归纳
under/in no circumstances无论如何不,决不(置于句首,句子用部分倒装)
under/in the circumstances在这种情况下;既然如此
if circumstances permit/allow如果情况允许的话
8.consequence n.后果;结果;重要性 (consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的 consequently adv.因此,结果)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Our use of harmful chemicals and the ____________(consequence) damage to the environment is a very serious matter.
②But soon he realized their intention.____________ consequence,he joined the twins in preparing the Mother’s Day surprise.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
consequent
In
③Drunk driving has been banned.______________ (consequent),the traffic accidents are decreasing.
④As is shown in the chart above,some students are addicted to computer games.________________________________, they gradually become less interested in their studies.(现象说明)
如上图所示,一些学生沉迷于电脑游戏。结果,他们对自己的学习逐渐不那么感兴趣了。
Consequently
As a consequence/result
后牢记　用法归纳
as a consequence(=in consequence=as a result) 结果,因此
as a consequence of(=in consequence of=as a result of) 由于
(be) of no/little consequence 无足轻重;不重要
9.equal adj.相等的;平等的;相当的;能胜任的 n.同等的人;相等物 v.与……相等,等于;比得上 (equality n.平等;相等 equally adv.相等地;平等地;平均地;同样地)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全语段
①From my point of view,Michael Jordan is ____________equal in playing basketball.
②You should be positive and cheerful,for your mental health is equal ____________your physical health.
without
to
③Firstly,nobody can_______________________________________.
____________________ is that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that ________________________as a volunteer for the fair.(申请信)
首先,没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是,我擅长与其他人交流。因此,我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。
equal me in oral English
Equally important
I am equal to the job
后牢记　用法归纳
be equal to sth/doing sth 等于/胜任(做)某事
equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
be without equal=have no equal 无与伦比
10.break down (机器、车辆等)出故障;(谈判等)失败;(身体等)垮掉;消除,破除(障碍、偏见等);失控痛哭
先运用　语境辨义/用break短语填空/补全语段
①Only by communicating it face to face can we break down the invisible barrier between us._______________________
②Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to ____________our marriage.
消除,破除(障碍、偏见等)
break up
③Noticing my addiction to the computer games,my mother ____________________and told me not to stay up or ________________________________.She persuaded me to _____________________________.(日记)
注意到我沉迷于电脑游戏,我妈妈闯进我的房间,告诉我不要熬夜,否则我的身体会垮掉的。她劝我改掉这个坏习惯。
broke into my room
I would break down
break away from the bad habit
后牢记　用法归纳
break up 打碎;分裂;解体;结束;分手
break in 破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入;突然……起来
break away from 脱离;挣脱
break off (使)分离;(使)脱离;停止;中止
break out (战争、火灾)爆发;发生
break through 冲破障碍;(在某领域)有进展或突破
11.独立主格结构
his eyes looking straight up
Not understanding what the teacher was saying,he sat quietly,his eyes staring out of the window.不明白老师在说什么,他静静地坐着,眼睛盯着窗外。
先运用　补全句子/句式升级
①He lay there,his teeth set,his hands clenched,
__________________________________.(神态+动作描写)
他躺在那里,紧咬牙关,紧握双手,眼睛直视上方。
②She didn’t know how to answer her son,_____________________.
她不知道如何回答儿子,她的心都碎了。
her heart broken
③He sat there and wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(动作描写)
→He sat there and wept sadly,________________________________. (分词短语作状语)
→He sat there and wept sadly,__________________________.(独立主格结构)
burying his face in his hands
his face buried in his hands
后牢记　用法归纳
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致,它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。独立主格结构的常用形式:
(1)逻辑主语+现在分词;
(2)逻辑主语+过去分词;
(3)逻辑主语+动词不定式;
(4)逻辑主语+形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。
主题写作 双练提升
[应用文增分练]——推荐大型“文化节”的一个活动
根据提示,用本主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作。
　　假定你是李华。交换生Chris打算去观看你市举行的大型“文化节”活动。请你写信为他推荐一个活动,内容包括:
1.你的推荐;
2.你的理由。
Dear Chris,
Knowing you’re coming to watch the Cultural Festival held in our city,I’d like to give you a warm welcome.I strongly recommend the traditional costume parade at the Cultural Festival.This activity 1.__________________________________________________________ (蕴含着丰富的文化意义).
is filled with rich cultural significance
The parade showcases various traditional costumes from different ethnic groups.You can observe the unique designs,colors,and styles, 2.__________________________________________(这些都反映了每个民族多样化的习俗).It is a great way 3.__________________________ (避免文化冲突) as you get to understand the local fashion culture. Through watching this parade,you can 4._________________________
___________________________________ (深入洞察当地人的风俗和生
which reflect the diverse customs of each group
to avoid cultural conflicts
gain a deep insight into the
local people’s manners and ways of life
活方式). Also,you can have the opportunity to exchange ideas with the participants.It will surely be an eye-opening and enjoyable experience for you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[读后续写提升练]——根据提示续写2场景
场景导语:“我”在19岁被学校选中去国外度过一年→因为语言相通,“我”感觉很轻松,同时也适应了文化上的差异……
场景续写1:但也有挑战→课程上的挑战→感受(紧张、痛苦却不后悔)
But there were also challenges that year too. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One of my classes was called “Europe Since 1870”.In the U.S., I would have expected an introductory history class, but in England, I was supposed to have already known the history.Now was the time to analyze it.That meant I not only had to learn the history as I went along but also had to try to write a paper explaining why certain events happened as they did.Despite this, I don’t regret anything about my time in London.Even through painful experiences, I learn to grow.
场景续写2:困难时期“我”感到悲伤→化解悲伤(与世界各地的同学交流、学会与不同文化的人打交道)→“我”的感悟
Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But luckily, I met some classmates from all over the world, and these wonderful interactions with people watered down my negative feelings.I met dozens of interesting people from places like France, Greece, Germany, Palestine, and Australia.Learning how to make friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds is really fun.Moreover, interacting with these new friends helps me understand the countries they represent.
主题阅读 综合运用
(2021·全国甲卷)When I was 9,we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow,London on a gray January morning.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days,I felt at a loss and out of place.Until I made a discovery.
Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames,is the center of British skateboarding,where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it.I soon made friends with the local skaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite:Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant don’t worry about it.Once,when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆),I fell onto the stones,damaging a nerve in my hand,and Toby came over,helping me up:Safe,man.Safe.A few minutes later,when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks,being a good skater.
When I was 15,my family moved to Washington.I tried skateboarding there,but the locals were far less welcoming.Within a couple of years,I’d given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004,I found myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there.I’ve traveled back several times since,most recently this past spring.The day was cold but clear;tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters.Weaving (穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards,I found my way to the beam.Then a rail-thin teenager,in a baggy white T-shirt,skidded (滑)
up to the beam.He sat next to me.He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of his glances.“I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him.Then,slowly,he began to nod his head.“Safe,man.Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said.“Safe.”
语篇类型:记叙文
主题语境:人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通——融入环境,故地重游。
28.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A.He felt disappointed.
B.He gave up his hobby.
C.He liked the weather there.
D.He had disagreements with his family.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知,作者搬到伦敦后感觉不知所措且无所适从。分析四个选项可知,A项中的disappointed(沮丧的)准确描述了作者的心情,故选A项。
√
29.What do the underlined words “Safe!Safe!Safe!” probably mean
A.Be careful! B.Well done!
C.No way! D.Don’t worry!
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知,成为一名好的滑行者,落地技巧是重要的。再根据第二段中的“when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting”可知,作者成功进行了落地动作,周围的朋友夸赞作者“做得好”,故选B项。
√
30.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A.To join the skateboarding. B.To make new friends.
C.To learn more tricks. D.To relive his childhood days.
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I found myself wandering down to Southbank...I found my way to the beam.”可知,作者在回到伦敦后,花了数小时在南岸漫步,并且去了多次,穿梭于玩滑板的孩子中间,忆起自己的过往。由此可推断,作者在重温儿时美好的日子,故选D项。
√
31.What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A.Children should learn a second language.
B.Sport is necessary for children’s health.
C.Children need a sense of belonging.
D.Seeing the world is a must for children.
解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者从洛杉矶搬到伦敦后感到不适应,后来在一个滑板运动中心交到了好朋友。作者15岁时,一家人又搬到了华盛顿。他尝试在那里玩滑板,但滑板在那里并不受欢迎,因此作者放弃了。作者多年后再次回到伦敦,重温小时候在伦敦的经历。这些都显示出孩子需要归属感,故选C项。
√
[理文脉]
[再利用]
(一)由文本积重点词汇
1.settle v. 定居;安顿;平静下来;解决
2.bend n. 拐弯处,弯道;弯曲
3.skateboarding n. 滑板
4.continuous adj. 连续的,连续不断的
5.beat v. 敲打;打败(某人);跳动
6.local n. 当地人
7.welcoming adj. 欢迎的,热情的,友好的
8.rail-thin adj. 骨瘦如柴的
9.pack up one’s home 收拾好某人的家
10.feel at a loss 感到不知所措
11.make a discovery 有了发现
12.make friends with 和……交朋友
13.try a certain trick 尝试某种技巧
14.a couple of years 几年
15.a rail-thin teenager 一个骨瘦如柴的少年
16.catch a few of one’s glances 稍微看了某人一眼
(二)由文本辨熟词生义
gray　 [熟义] adj.灰色的;苍白的
[生义]______________________________
The sky is gray,casting a dull hue over everything.
adj.阴沉沉的
(三)由文本学长难句分析
When I returned to London in 2004,I found myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there.
分析:本句是主从复合句。When I returned to London in 2004为when引导的时间状语从句;spending hours there为现在分词短语作____________________________。
句意:______________________________________________________
伴随状语
2004年,当我回到伦敦时,我发现自己在南岸闲逛了好几个小时。
课时作业 一课一练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
While climbing the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime dream for many,Jim Spear has taken it a step further,spending the last 18 years as a villager residing beneath this ancient wonder.
“Never did I dream I would have the chance to visit the Great Wall,let alone live under it,” said 68-year-old Spear,a self-taught architect from the United States.
Spear’s interest in China began during his college days.It deepened when he met Tang,a Chinese girl,in 1980,and they got married two years later.In 1986,he decided to drop out of his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California and moved to China “to get to the heart of things”.“I realized that if I became a scholar of China,based overseas,I wouldn’t be able to experience what was happening in China,” Spear said.
In 1995,the couple secured a long-term rent of a traditional village farmhouse in Mutianyu and decided to make it their full-time home ten years later.Shortly after possessing full-time village life,he rented an abandoned schoolhouse and transformed it into a restaurant and art glass factory for a sustainable tourism business.He also turned a former factory into a hotel and helped renovate (翻新) over 20 households into restaurants.Besides,he explored other ways to support those residents in rural areas.“I want to do something for them,” Spear said.
Spear’s designs reflect his natural talent for fusing (使融合) traditional and modern elements,adopting the Great Wall style.However,Spear emphasized his approach involves creating designs and views “that echo (映现) the Great Wall,not copy it”.In 2014,Spear received the Great Wall Friendship Award from the Beijing government.
Talking about the future,Spear sees abundant possibilities in China,driven by significant domestic demand and a growing emphasis on preserving historic structures.
语篇类型:记叙文
主题语境:人与社会——跨文化沟通——热爱中国历史建筑的美国人
1.What do we know about Spear from the first two paragraphs
A.He likes to climb the Great Wall.
B.He came to China when he was 18.
C.He once dreamed of becoming a villager.
D.He has lived beneath the Great Wall for years.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jim Spear...as a villager residing beneath this ancient wonder”和第二段中他说的话可知,Spear之前从没想过自己能到长城旅游,更别说住在长城脚下,而他在长城脚下的村庄里生活了18年,故选D项。
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2.What’s Spear’s purpose of moving to China when he was in college
A.To see a real China. B.To marry a Chinese girl.
C.To work as an architect. D.To study Chinese politics.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中Jim Spear的话“I realized that...experience what was happening in China”可知,Spear认为自己如果要成为研究中国的学者,那么在海外的话,就无法体验到中国发生的事。由此可知,大学时他来到中国的目的是看看真正的中国,故选A项。
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3.What is special about Spear’s designs
A.They are inspired by rural residents.
B.They copy the style of the Great Wall.
C.They have received a worldwide prize.
D.They connect the past with the present.
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Spear’s designs reflect his natural talent for fusing(使融合)traditional and modern elements,adopting the Great Wall style.”可知,他的设计采用了长城风格,融合了传统和现代元素,即连接了过去和现在,故选D项。
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4.What will Spear possibly plan to do in the future
A.Continue to engage in cultural exchange.
B.Work for another award in structure preserving.
C.Find more ways to support the rural residents.
D.Conduct further study into historic structures in China.
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Talking about the future,Spear sees abundant possibilities...on preserving historic structures.”可知,谈到未来时,Spear看到了丰富的可能性,因为他看到了巨大的国内需求和中国对保护历史建筑物的日益重视。由此可推知,未来他可能会继续研究中国历史上著名的建筑物,故选D项。
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(2025·重庆高三三模)
“A fish out of water.” “A bike without a chain.” There are many metaphors for culture shock,all of which attempt to describe the unique experience of being far from one’s home country and culture.
Scientists have studied culture shock for over a century.Rather than focus on the purely negative aspects,psychologists describe it as a process of stress and adjustment.The first stage is the honeymoon phase,when we are filled with excitement about being in another country.Eventually,as daily challenges arise,we enter a state of crisis and anxiety,harboring unfriendly feelings about the host culture.The longer we are immersed in the culture,we adjust and recover from those negative feelings.Finally,after some time we adjust even more and fully accept the new culture.
One of the factors that determines how we react to cultural stress is our personality.Not surprisingly,extraverts (外向者) tend to have an easier time adjusting to new cultures.That is because being in a new country means meeting many new people and spending a lot of time around them,and extraverts thrive in these situations.But introverts simply prefer to be alone after spending time in groups,and only have limited energy to spend in social settings.
Cultural intelligence,or CQ,also plays its part.Cultural intelligence is defined as the capability of an individual to function effectively in situations characterized by cultural diversity.It has to do with our interest in interacting with people from culturally diverse backgrounds,and our ability to adapt to new cultural context.It is argued that the higher our CQ,the lesser the effect of culture shock on our ability to cope in new situations.
Many effective coping strategies are interpersonal.A recent study found that relating to others with empathy is significantly associated with lower stress levels abroad.The more we are able to take on other people’s points of view,the more positive our interpersonal relationships and thus our adaptation to the stress of culture shock.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——跨文化包容——文化冲突
5.What is the function of the first paragraph
A.Explaining the quotes. B.Raising an argument.
C.Introducing the topic. D.Presenting an example.
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段“Scientists have studied...stress and adjustment.”可推知,第一段用两个习语引入“文化冲突”这一主题,故选C项。
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6.How will a person feel the moment he arrives in a foreign country
A.Anxious. B.Thrilled.
C.Shocked. D.Grateful.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“The first stage is...being in another country.”可知,人们刚到国外时的感觉是兴奋的,故选B项。
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7.Who will most probably be affected by the cultural shock
A.An active boy interested in anything new.
B.A shy boy unwilling to socialize with strangers.
C.A quiet girl open to diverse cultural backgrounds.
D.A communicative girl fluent in the local language.
解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Not surprisingly...adjusting to new cultures.”以及“But introverts simply prefer to...in social settings.”可推知,内向、独来独往、不愿社交的人更容易受文化冲击,故选B项。
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8.What is important for dealing with the cultural shock
A.Lowering the stress level.
B.Developing self-awareness.
C.Analyzing the cause of discomfort.
D.Understanding others with sympathy.
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段“A recent study found...lower stress levels abroad.”可知,带着同理心理解他人是应对文化冲突的有效方法,故选D项。
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Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·石家庄高三质量检测二)
Super communicators are people who are consistently able to create real connections with others just by listening and talking.The following are four habits of super communicators.
They know what kind of conversation they’re having.Super communicators are usually able to respond accordingly.If you’re having a practical conversation,your friend might ask you to help make hard decisions.__1__If your friend is just expressing his feelings,you just need to be a good listener.
They prove they’re listening.There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening,like making eye contact or nodding.To do that,experts suggest a technique called “cycles for understanding”.Ask a question and listen to the response.Repeat what they just told you.Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.__2__
They ask a lot of the right questions.Research shows that highly effective communicators tend to ask 10 to 20 times as many questions as everyone else.They may simply be follow-up questions like“What happened next ” Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up.__3__ They ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connections.
__4__ The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone,convince someone or wait for their turn to speak.It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their own views accordingly.The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both parties can benefit from.__5__
A.They aim to understand.
B.Experts call them “deep questions”.
C.They are persuasive communicators.
D.The decisions should be easy to carry out.
E.This practice sounds simple but is powerful.
F.Then you should be ready to give good advice.
G.And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通——超级沟通者的四个习惯
1.F　 [上文谈到如果你正在进行实际的对话,你的朋友可能会请你帮忙做出艰难的决定。该空承接上文,继续讲到这种情况下你该怎么做。F项“那么你应该准备好给出好的建议”符合语境。]
2.E　 [上文讲到为了证明自己在倾听,专家建议了一个技巧,并讲述了具体的做法。此处为总结句,说明这个做法的好处。E项“这种做法听起来简单,但很有效”符合语境。]
3.B　 [上文谈到了一种问题类型——比较简单的后续问题,例如“接下来发生了什么 ”,此处指的是另一种问题,结合空前的“超级沟通者还会提出让人们敞开心扉的问题”和选项可知,B项“专家将它们称为‘深度问题’”符合语境。]
4.A　 [本空为超级沟通者的第四个习惯,首先根据其他段落的段首句特点可知,该句是They作主语;再根据本段内容尤其是“genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view”可知,此处指他们力求理解对方,故选A。]
5.G　 [上文谈到正确的回应创造了一种信任和开放的氛围,双方都可以从中受益。G项“那实际上是可能发生的最神奇的事情”承接上文,符合语境。 ]
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·济南高三针对性训练)
Orange chicken,salt and pepper chips,fried rice...Max Burns lists several typical Western-style Chinese dishes that __1__ him.For Burns who spent his childhood in China,those cuisines are far from __2__.They are invented to satisfy Western preferences.
Actually,many Westerners regard that particular type of __3__ as the whole of Chinese cuisine.The average Westerners are not as __4__ and educated as they could be.That is why he tries to show Chinese food by making vlogs about __5__ Chinese dishes at home.
The food adventure has helped Burns grow into an __6__ with over three million subscribers worldwide today and helped __7__ some people’s ideas about Chinese food.His friends told him they were shocked by the __8__ of Chinese cuisine and it took them a long time to figure out categories of Chinese cuisine.
__9__,when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 after returning to England,cooking Chinese food at home was a then “__10__ idea”,because he was never into cooking.At the time,the __11__ centered more on explaining aspects of Chinese culture.However,when Burns couldn’t __12__ outside because of the weather,he had to learn to cook.“Then I instantly fell in love,”he __13__.“The more I learned about Chinese cooking,the more I got into it.”
The cooking journey also helps Burns maintain his __14__ with China,even though he has left China for years.Burns __15__ the experiences of living in China,enabling him to teach about Chinese cuisine and build a cross-cultural bridge between the East and the West.
语篇类型:记叙文
主题语境:人与社会——跨文化交际——在英国的中国菜美食博主Burn
1.A.attract B.disappoint C.puzzle D.scare
解析　根据下文中的“They are invented to satisfy Western preferences.”和空后的“Burns who spent his childhood in China”可知,Burns是在中国长大的,这些发明出来满足西方人偏好的菜使Burns失望(disappoint),故选B项。
2.A.nutritious B.simple C.genuine D.organic
解析　根据空后的“They are invented to satisfy Western preferences.”可知,这些菜都是发明出来满足西方人偏好的,由此可见,这些菜并不是正宗的(genuine)中国菜,故选C项。
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3.A.material B.dessert C.restaurant D.fare
解析　上文中提到了“several typical Western-style Chinese dishes”,因此,该空指的正是这类菜,需要用到“饭菜”的意思,故选fare。fare在此处为熟词生义的用法,故选D项。
4.A.motivated B.treated C.informed D.recognized
解析　根据上文中的“many Westerners regard that particular type of ________as the whole of Chinese cuisine”可知,西方人对中国的饮食认识很有局限性。由此可见,他们对中国饮食并不是那么了解(informed),故选C项。
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5.A.making B.ordering C.serving D.ranking
解析　此处考查词义复现。根据下文中的“cooking Chinese food at home”可知,Burns在家拍摄做(making)中国饭的视频,故选A项。
6.A.influencer B.amateur C.employer D.organizer
解析　根据上文中的“making vlogs”和空后的“with over three million subscribers worldwide today”可知,Burns通过拍摄在家做中国菜的视频,成了一个有着三百多万粉丝的网络红人(influencer),故选A项。
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7.A.consider B.assess C.overlook D.shift
解析　根据上文中的“many Westerners regard that particular type of ________as the whole of Chinese cuisine”和空后的“it took them a long time to figure out categories of Chinese cuisine”可知,Burns的视频改变了(shift)一些人对中国菜的认识,故选D项。
8.A.diversity B.significance C.popularity D.impact
解析　此处考查词义复现。根据空后的“it took them a long time to figure out categories of Chinese cuisine”可知,Burns的朋友们需要花很长时间才能弄懂中国菜的类别。由此可见,Burns的朋友们对中国菜的多样性(diversity)感到震惊,故选A项。
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9.A.Consequently B.Interestingly C.Ultimately D.Obviously
解析　上文讲到了Burns通过拍摄中国菜视频成为网络红人,而当他返回英国做中国菜时,“he was never into cooking”(他从不喜欢做饭)。由此可见,这是一件有意思的(Interestingly)事情,故选B项。
10.A.negative B.practical C.stupid D.brilliant
解析　本题考查逻辑关系。根据空后的原因状语从句“because he was never into cooking”可知,他从不喜欢做饭。因此,在当时在家做中国菜是一个愚蠢的(stupid)想法,故选C项。
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11.A.courses B.surveys C.tests D.videos
解析　根据上文中的“when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 after returning to England”可知,此处讲的是2016年Burns进入视频市场时的情况:当时的视频(videos)更多的是在介绍中国文化,故选D项。
12.A.dine B.film C.exercise D.work
解析　根据空后的“because of the weather,he had to learn to cook”可知,由于天气,他不得不学习做饭。据此可以推断,Burns不得不学习做饭,是因为他没有办法外出吃饭(dine),故选A项。
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13.A.defends B.recalls C.comments D.responds
解析　根据空前的“Then I instantly fell in love”可知,此处讲的是Burns回忆(recalls)最初做饭的情况,故选B项。
14.A.business B.argument C.difference D.connection
解析　根据空后的让步状语从句“even though he has left China for years”可知,即使他已经离开中国多年了,但是做饭之旅仍让他保持与中国的联系(connection),故选D项。
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15.A.imagines B.evaluates
C.appreciates D.describes
解析　根据空后的“enabling him to teach about Chinese cuisine and build a cross-cultural bridge between the East and the West”可知,在中国的生活经历让Burns能够教做中国菜,并在东西方之间建立一座跨文化的桥梁。由此可见,他很感激(appreciates)这段经历,故选C项。
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Ⅳ. 语法填空
(2025·八省联考)
In 2010,the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages.The goal was two-fold:1.____________ (celebrate)cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2.____________ (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication,the bridge of interaction between nations,3.____________ the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time,a language and its individual 4.____________ (write) forms make up the “soul”of a nation’s cultural tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 5.____________ (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 6.____________ the world to better understand China,but also 7.____________ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today,more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8.____________ (improve)communication and cooperation between China and 9.____________ rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture,the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history,its hard-working people,its development through 10.____________ (innovate) and its inclusiveness.China,on its part,will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——跨文化沟通——联合国设立语言日
1.to celebrate　 [考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作目的状语,后文的to promote也有提示,故填to celebrate。]
2.tongues　 [考查名词的单复数。根据六种语言的复数意义,需使用tongue的复数形式。]
3.and　 [考查连词。此处列举了语言在不同方面的作用,使用and连接并列结构。]
4.written　 [考查词性转换。此处修饰名词“forms”,需要使用形容词written,表示“书面的”。]
5.be treated　 [考查动词的时态和语态。此处表达的是被动语态,且“should”后接动词原形,因此填入be treated。]
6.for　 [考查介词。此处表示平台的目的,是为了“让全世界”更好理解中国,因此应使用介词for。]
7.promotes　 [考查动词的时态。此处描述的是目前的情况,因此使用一般现在时,主语the UN Chinese Language Day为单数形式,谓语动词应用promotes。]
8.improving　 [考查非谓语动词。介词后应用动词的-ing形式,故填improving。]
9.the　 [考查冠词。这里特指“世界其他地区”,用the表示特定的事物。]
10.innovation　 [考查词性转换。此处“创新”是一个抽象名词,表示“通过创新”带来的发展,故填innovation。 ]
Ⅴ.应用文写作
假如你是李华,你和外国交换生Peter计划组织一场名为“Cross-Cultural Food Exhibition”的活动,请写一封邮件给Peter,内容包括:
1.你对活动形式的建议;
2.约定时间讨论安排和分工。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
I hope this message finds you well.The “Cross-Cultural Food Exhibition” is buzzing in my head,and I can’t wait to plan it with you!
I propose that we focus on featuring authentic dishes from different countries.We can set up booths where those foods are introduced and shared.Additionally,interactive cooking workshops could be arranged,thereby enhancing hands-on engagement.To ensure smooth planning,let’s schedule a detailed discussion session.Could we meet online next Tuesday at 6 pm We can finalize the dishes,divide our work,and create a timeline for preparations.
Looking forward to your thoughts on my suggestions.I am confident we can make this activity an unforgettable experience.
Best regards,
Li Hua

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