资源简介

主题23　物质与非物质文化遗产
对接教材 人教版 必修第二册Unit 1 Cultural heritage
译林版 选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites
说明:本主题词汇来源于各版本相同主题单元词汇以及课标中同主题词汇
【主题语料·分类群记】
一、物质与非物质文化遗产
1.ancestor n.　　　　 祖宗;祖先
2.battle n. 战役;斗争;较量
v. 搏斗;与……作战;和……斗争
3.conquer vt. 占领;征服;控制
4.contrast n.& vt. 对比;对照
5.dynasty n. 王朝;朝代
6.emperor n. 皇帝
7.empire n. 帝国;大企业,大集团
8.era n. 时代,年代
9.former adj. 以前的;(两者中)前者的
10.heritage n. 遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
11.historical adj. 历史的;史学的;基于史实的
historically adv. 关于历史事件;在过去,历史上
history n. 历史,历史学;历史记录;来历
historian n. 历史学家
12.jewel n. 珠宝;宝石
13.kingdom n. 王国;领域
14.locate vt. 位于;查找……的地点
location n. 外景拍摄地;地方,地点
15.military adj. 军事的;军用的
16.overseas adj. 海外的
adv. 在海外
17.power n. 力量,能力;电力,功率;政权,势力
vt. 驱动
powerful adj. 强有力的;有影响(感染)力的
18.pyramid n. (古埃及的)金字塔;棱锥体
19.rare adj. 稀罕的;稀有的;珍贵的
20.relic n. 遗物;遗迹;遗址
21.roof n. 顶部;屋顶
vt. 给……盖顶;盖上屋顶
22.survival n. 生存;幸存;幸存事物
survive vt. 幸存;生还;幸免于难;比……活得长
vi. 存活;继续存在
survivor n. 幸存者;生还者
23.value vt. 重视,珍视
n. 价值(观);用途
valuable adj. 贵重的;有价值的;重要的
24.vase n. 花瓶;瓶
25.weapon n. 武器,兵器
二、遗产保护
1.administration n. 管理,行政;执行,实施
2.announce vt. 宣布,播报;通告
announcement n. 通告,公告
3.archaeologist n. 考古学家
archaeology n. 考古学
archaeological adj. 考古学的;考古学上的
4.conserve vt. 保护;节约
conservation n. 保护;保存;节约
conservationist n. (动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者;环境保护主义者
5.convince vt. 使确信;使信服
convinced adj. 确信的;信服的
convincing adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
6.decrease v.& n. 减少;降低
increase v.& n. 增加;增长
increasingly adv. 渐增地
7.doubt n. 怀疑;疑惑
vt. 怀疑;不信
doubtful adj. 感到怀疑的;不确定的
undoubtedly adv. 确实地;毋庸置疑地
8.ensure vt. 保证,确保
9.exist vi. 存在;生存
existence n. 存在;生活,生活方式
existing adj. 现存的;现行的
10.forever adv. 永远;长久地
11.limit vt. 限制;限定
n. 界限;限度
limited adj. 有限的
limitless adj. 无限的;无界限的
limitation n. 限制;局限性
12.preserve vt. 贮存;保鲜;维护,保护
n. 腌菜;果酱
preservation n. 保存,保留
13.prevent vt. 阻止;阻碍
prevention n. 防止;预防
preventive adj. 预防性的;防备的
14.protest n.& v. 抗议;反对
protester n. 抗议者;反对者;持异议者
15.rebuild vt. 重建
16.restore vt. 恢复;修复;归还
restoration n. (旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复,整修
三、主题词块
1.in search of 寻找
2.take apart 拆开
3.turn to 向……求助
4.at war 处于交战状态
5.keep a balance between...and... 在……与……之间保持平衡
6.make a proposal 提出建议
7.prevent...from (doing)... 阻止……做/免于……
8.make sure 确保;设法保证
9.all over the world 在世界各地
10.with/have a history of 有……的历史
11.own a diverse culture 拥有多元文化
12.cultural relics 文化遗产
13.preserve...from... 保护……免遭……
14.take possession of 拥有;占有
15.to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是
16.vary from...to... 由……到……不等
17.up to达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任;由……决定
四、主题佳句
1.There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is no doubt that thousands of engineers and workers have rescued countless cultural relics over the past few years.
毫无疑问,在过去的几年里,成千上万的工程师和工人抢救了无数的文物。
2.why引导的定语从句
The reason why we call it the Amber Room is that several tons of amber were used to make it.
我们之所以称它为琥珀厅,是因为制作它用了好几吨琥珀。
3.every time引导时间状语从句
Every time I recite these Tang poems,I feel every cell in my body wakes up.
每次我背诵这些唐诗,我觉得我身体里的每一个细胞都醒了。
4.what引导主语从句
What we are supposed to do is that we will spare no effort to preserve our cultural heritages.
我们所要做的就是尽全力保护我们的文化遗产。
【课堂小结·多维练透】(限时15分钟)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess,I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).One where I kind of knew what was going to happen,historical (history) fiction.(2024·全国甲卷)
2.“These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable (value) impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.(2023·浙江1月卷)
3.Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation (conserve) groups.(2023·全国甲卷)
4.Happiness does not appear to be associated with age,gender,race,or geographical location (locate).Instead,it is related to the feeling you have when you are self-satisfied.
5.Of course,as we humans depend on so many species for our survival (survive),we would also be at risk of dying out.
6.The plan has drawn criticism and protests over the years since its announcement (announce) in 2017.
7.Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that’s pretty powerful (power).(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
8.There is convincing (convince) evidence of a link between exposure to the sun and skin cancer.
Ⅱ.语境辨义
1.选出preserve的汉语意思
A.vt.保存　B.vt.保护　C.vt.贮存;保鲜
①The vase has been preserved in exceptional condition,and is a particularly striking example of its type.A
②My mother preserved the meat that we had left,so it would not go bad.C
③We must encourage the planting of new trees and preserve our existing woodlands.B
2.猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思
①In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)vt.驱动
②The shopping centre is not roofed over.vt.给……盖顶;盖上屋顶
③Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence.(2022·浙江1月卷) n.生活,生活方式
④Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)vi.争夺
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.The smart engineer had no difficulty taking apart the fridge and repaired it successfully.
这位聪明的工程师毫不费力地拆开了冰箱,并成功地修好了它。
2.I make a proposal that everyone should make a contribution to protecting cultural heritage.
我提议每个人都应该为保护文化遗产做出贡献。
3.There comes a time when we must take effective measures to prevent many endangered species from disappearing.
到了我们必须采取有效措施防止许多濒危物种消失的时候了。
4.To her regret,the local folk song,full of unique cultural charm,was not well-known among the younger generation anymore.
令她遗憾的是,充满独特文化魅力的当地民歌在年轻一代中已不再广为人知。
5.There is a collection of 2,000 cultural relics,which is the reason why the archaeologists decide to dig up the ancient tomb.(why引导的定语从句)
这里收藏了2 000件文物,这就是考古学家们决定挖掘这座古墓的原因。
6.There is no doubt that these cultural relics are of great value and we should treasure and protect them.(There is no doubt that...)
毫无疑问,这些文化遗址很有价值,我们应该珍惜并保护它们。
【默写主题单词】
一、物质与非物质文化遗产
1.ancestor n.　 　　 祖宗;祖先
2.battle n. 战役;斗争;较量
v. 搏斗;与……作战;和……斗争
3.conquer vt. 占领;征服;控制
4.contrast n.& vt. 对比;对照
5.dynasty n. 王朝;朝代
6.emperor n. 皇帝
7.empire n. 帝国;大企业,大集团
8.era n. 时代,年代
9.former adj. 以前的;(两者中)前者的
10.heritage n. 遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
11.historical adj. 历史的;史学的;基于史实的
historically adv. 关于历史事件;在过去,历史上
history n. 历史,历史学;历史记录;来历
historian n. 历史学家
12.jewel n. 珠宝;宝石
13.kingdom n. 王国;领域
14.locate vt. 位于;查找……的地点
location n. 外景拍摄地;地方,地点
15.military adj. 军事的;军用的
16.overseas adj. 海外的
adv. 在海外
17.power n. 力量,能力;电力,功率;政权,势力
vt. 驱动
powerful adj. 强有力的;有影响(感染)力的
18.pyramid n. (古埃及的)金字塔;棱锥体
19.rare adj. 稀罕的;稀有的;珍贵的
20.relic n. 遗物;遗迹;遗址
21.roof n. 顶部;屋顶
vt. 给……盖顶;盖上屋顶
22.survival n. 生存;幸存;幸存事物
survive vt. 幸存;生还;幸免于难;比……活得长
vi. 存活;继续存在
survivor n. 幸存者;生还者
23.value vt. 重视,珍视
n. 价值(观);用途
valuable adj. 贵重的;有价值的;重要的
24.vase n. 花瓶;瓶
25.weapon n. 武器,兵器
二、遗产保护
1.administration n. 管理,行政;执行,实施
2.announce vt. 宣布,播报;通告
announcement n. 通告,公告
3.archaeologist n. 考古学家
archaeology n. 考古学
archaeological adj. 考古学的;考古学上的
4.conserve vt. 保护;节约
conservation n. 保护;保存;节约
conservationist n. (动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者;环境保护主义者
5.convince vt. 使确信;使信服
convinced adj. 确信的;信服的
convincing adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
6.decrease v.& n. 减少;降低
increase v.& n. 增加;增长
increasingly adv. 渐增地
7.doubt n. 怀疑;疑惑
vt. 怀疑;不信
doubtful adj. 感到怀疑的;不确定的
undoubtedly adv. 确实地;毋庸置疑地
8.ensure vt. 保证,确保
9.exist vi. 存在;生存
existence n. 存在;生活,生活方式
existing adj. 现存的;现行的
10.forever adv. 永远;长久地
11.limit vt. 限制;限定
n. 界限;限度
limited adj. 有限的
limitless adj. 无限的;无界限的
limitation n. 限制;局限性
12.preserve vt. 贮存;保鲜;维护,保护
n. 腌菜;果酱
preservation n. 保存,保留
13.prevent vt. 阻止;阻碍
prevention n. 防止;预防
preventive adj. 预防性的;防备的
14.protest n.& v. 抗议;反对
protester n. 抗议者;反对者;持异议者
15.rebuild vt. 重建
16.restore vt. 恢复;修复;归还
restoration n. (旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复,整修
【默写主题词块】
1.in search of 寻找
2.take apart 拆开
3.turn to 向……求助
4.at war 处于交战状态
5.keep a balance between...and... 在……与……之间保持平衡
6.make a proposal 提出建议
7.prevent...from (doing)... 阻止……做/免于……
8.make sure 确保;设法保证
9.all over the world 在世界各地
10.with/have a history of 有……的历史
11.own a diverse culture 拥有多元文化
12.cultural relics 文化遗产
13.preserve...from... 保护……免遭……
14.take possession of 拥有;占有
15.to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是
16.vary from...to... 由……到……不等
17.up to达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任;由……决定
【默写主题佳句】
1.There is no doubt that thousands of engineers and workers have rescued countless cultural relics over the past few years.
毫无疑问,在过去的几年里,成千上万的工程师和工人抢救了无数的文物。
2.The reason why we call it the Amber Room is that several tons of amber were used to make it.(why引导的定语从句)
我们之所以称它为琥珀厅,是因为制作它用了好几吨琥珀。
3.Every time I recite these Tang poems,I feel every cell in my body wakes up.(every time引导时间状语从句)
每次我背诵这些唐诗,我觉得我身体里的每一个细胞都醒了。
4.What we are supposed to do is that we will spare no effort to preserve our cultural heritages.(what引导主语从句)
我们所要做的就是尽全力保护我们的文化遗产。
1.located adj.处于;位于;坐落于 [locate vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置(在) location n.地点;位置]
先运用　单句语法填空/一句多译
①With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations (locate),we make sure there is always a bike available for you.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②四川省位于中国的西南部,它有许多世界著名的名胜古迹,如九寨沟和都江堰水利工程。(2021·天津3月卷)
→Sichuan Province is located/situated/lies in the southwestern part of China.It enjoys many world-famous places of interest,such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project.
→Sichuan Province,located/situated/lying in the southwestern part of China,enjoys many world-famous places of interest,such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project.(分词短语作定语)
后牢记　用法归纳
be located in/on/at 位于;坐落于
be situated in/on/at 位于;坐落于
lie in 位于;在于
2.survive vi.& vt.幸免于难;幸存;活下来;生还;比……活得长 (survivor n.幸存者 survival n.幸存;生存)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Those people trapped in the traffic jam greatly need fresh food and water for survival (survive).
②The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea.
③The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history.(2021·全国甲卷)
西安古城墙是中国悠久历史上幸存下来的最完整的城墙。
后牢记　用法归纳
survive sb by 活得比某人长……
survive sth (经历意外、战争、疾病等后)幸存,活下来
survive on sth 靠某物继续维持生活
3.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服 (convinced adj.确信的;坚信的 convincing adj.令人信服的)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子/翻译句子
①So convincing is your speech that I’m convinced that all students will benefit a lot from it.(convince)
②Your performance in the crisis has convinced us of your ability to tackle emergencies and convinced us to hand the important task to you.
你在危机中的表现使我们相信你有能力应对紧急情况,并使我们相信能把这项重要任务交给你。
③我坚信,通过这次讲座,我们不仅可以了解中国文学,而且可以提高我们对中国传统文化的兴趣。(邀请信)
I’m firmly convinced that through the lecture not only can we get the hang of Chinese literature,but also we can boost our interest in traditional Chinese culture.
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)convince sb of sth 使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb that... 使某人相信……
(2)be convinced that.../of... (某人)坚信……
4.decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①To decrease (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
②Over the past decades,sea ice has been on the decrease in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
③The number of people who can perform the traditional handicraft has decreased by nearly 10% in the past decade.(短文投稿)
在过去的十年里,能够进行传统手工艺制作的人数已经下降了近10%。
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)decrease by 减少了
decrease (from...) to (从……)减少到
decrease in 在某方面下降
(2)on the decrease/increase 在减少/在增加
a decrease in 某方面的减少
5.exist vi.存在;生存 (existence n.存在;生存 existing adj.目前的;现存的)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①No one knows for sure how the situation came into existence,but the existing authority has determined to take measures to solve it once and for all.(exist)
②The beauty of the city exists/lies/consists in its magnificent buildings.
这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。
③There exist ups and downs in our life,but whatever happens,we can always exist on love and hope.(主旨升华)
我们的生活有起有落,但无论发生什么,我们都可以依靠爱和希望生活。
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)exist in=lie in/consist in 存在于……
exist on=live on 靠……生存/存活
There exist(s)... 某地有……;存在……
(2)come into existence 产生;成立;开始存在
6.limit n.限度;限制 vt.限制;限定 (limited adj.有限的;受限制的 limitless adj.无限的;无尽的
limitation n.限制;局限;极限)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Life is limited (limit),but there is no limit to serving (serve) the people.
②There is no denying that being physically disabled is the biggest limitation (limit) for him to find a suitable job.
③You are required to limit your essay to 800 words.If your essay is beyond the limit,it will not be accepted.(征文通知)
要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度,将不被采用。
④To protect the cultural heritage from being seriously damaged,the local government has set a limit to/on the number of tourists during the peak season.
为了保护文化遗产不受严重破坏,当地政府在旅游旺季限制了游客数量。
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)set a limit to/on 限制……
beyond the limit 超过限度
There is a/no limit to (to为介词)... ……是有限的/无限的。
(2)limit...to... 把……限定在……范围内
7.preserve vt.保护;保存;维持 n.保护区 (preservation n.维护;保护;保养)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子/翻译句子
①Some students are searching for clues to creatively preserve the old stele on Mount Tai from/against being damaged.
②Well before the arrival of freezers,there was a demand for ice for food preservation (preserve).
③Except for parts that need to be restored to their original appearance,most of the relics are well-preserved.
除了部分需要重修恢复原貌,这些文物的大部分都保存完好。
④我们已经采取了有效的措施来保护古建筑。
We have taken effective measures to preserve the ancient architecture.
后牢记　用法归纳
preserve...from/against... 保护……免受……
well-preserved 保存良好的
nature preserve 自然保护区
8.up to达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任;由……决定
先运用　补全句子
①Up to 20 students are to take part in the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest to be organized by our school.(活动介绍)
多达20名学生将参加我们学校组织的古诗朗诵大赛。
②Life just gives us time and space;it’s up to us to decide how to fill it.(主旨升华)
生活只给我们时间和空间,如何去填充它由我们决定。
③I once volunteered in a local dialect protection campaign,so I am greatly convinced that I am up to the job.(申请信)
我曾经在一个地方方言保护活动中担任志愿者,所以我深信自己能胜任这项工作。
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)It is up to sb to do sth 由某人决定做某事。
It is up to you. 随你的便/由你来决定。
(2)(be)up to sth (体力或智力上)能胜任某事
(3)up to now/then 直到现在/那时
9.every time引导时间状语从句
Every time I recite these Tang poems,I feel every cell in my body wakes up.
每次我背诵这些唐诗,我觉得我身体里的每一个细胞都醒了。
先运用　补全句子/一句多译
①Every time I participate in the traditional festival activities,I understand more about the significance of protecting our cultural heritage.(发言稿)
每次我参加传统节日活动时,我就更加理解保护我们文化遗产的重要意义。
②坦白说,他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时就对她的课感兴趣。
→To be frank,he became interested in the young teacher’s lesson the first time he attended her class.(the first time)
→To be frank,he became interested in the young teacher’s lesson when he attended her class for the first time.(for the first time)
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)every time相当于each time,是名词短语用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次……的时候”。
(2)the first time可用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次……的时候”;for the first time 表示“第一次”,独立作状语,不引导从句。
[应用文增分练]——“非遗进校园”活动报道
根据提示,用本主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作。
　　为了传承和弘扬中国传统文化和让师生领略非物质文化遗产(intangible cultural heritage)的魅力,你校今天开展了“非遗进校园”活动。请你用英文写一篇报道,内容包括: 1.活动目的; 2.活动内容; 3.活动感受。
Intangible Cultural Heritage into School
Today,our school hosted an event named “Intangible Cultural Heritage into School” aimed at promoting Chinese traditional culture and allowing students and teachers 1.to experience the charm of intangible cultural heritage (领略非物质文化遗产的魅力).
The event was rich in content.There were exhibitions of traditional handicrafts,such as embroidery.These handicrafts are 2.valuable heritages of our ancestors (我们祖先宝贵的遗产).Through the historical pictures and real-object displays,we learned about the era when these handicrafts thrived.Some local artisans were invited to demonstrate the production process on the spot.They showed us 3.how to make clay pots with great skill (如何非常娴熟地制作陶罐).Their powerful dedication to preserving traditional skills is inspiring.
This activity made us deeply feel the charm of intangible cultural heritage.It made us determined 4.to preserve and conserve these precious cultural heritages (保护和保存这些珍贵的文化遗产),ensuring their survival for generations to come.
[读后续写提升练]——根据提示续写2场景
场景导语:和堂弟Isaiah一起钓鱼,“我”回想起了父亲教他钓鱼的情景→父亲曾是一名野生动物工作者,他热爱他的工作,尤其是可以保护自然不受人类侵害→瞥见潜鸟(loon),回想起父亲说它会伤人→看见潜鸟哀号着向“我们”游来,翅膀上有血迹,“我”认为是在向“我们”求救。
场景续写1:“我”伸手去摸它的头,心跳加速→发现身上有钩子,脖子上缠着鱼线→感觉父亲似乎在场,鼓励“我”救助潜鸟→准备取出钩子
Reaching down, I touched its head, my heart racing.I could see there was a shiny red hook embedded in its body, and the fishing line was wrapped tightly around its neck.Left like this, the loon couldn’t survive.It was asking us to help! But if freed, would it stab us to death with its beak I hesitated.Somehow I felt my dad’s presence, “Jacob, the bird won’t hurt you.It needs your help.Be brave!” Taking a deep breath, I closed my eyes for a second to calm myself.“Isaiah, go and grab the scissors from the fishing tackle box,”I said firmly.Soon he came back with the tiny pair of scissors and I bent down to pick up the loon.
场景续写2:“我”很害怕,Isaiah就用剪刀把鱼线剪掉→“我”和Isaiah两人把潜鸟身上的钩子取下来→潜鸟被释放→它用翅膀拍打水面,似乎在表示感谢→“我们”内心充满了成就感
Afraid, I held it out at arm’s length, and Isaiah cut away the fishing line using the scissors.Luckily, the loon was silent and things went well.“Now take out the hook, Isaiah.Hurry! ” “All right! I will.” Isaiah bit on his lower lip.Slowly, his slim fingers worked to loosen the hook and pulled it out.Finally, the loon was freed.Isaiah and I breathed a sigh of relief.As I set it down on the water, it slapped its wings down slightly on the surface of the lake, seeming to be saying, “Thank you, boys.” Big smiles formed on our faces with a sense of accomplishment filled with our hearts.I decided to protect wildlife like my father and felt it our duty to protect nature.
　　(江苏卷)In the 1960s,while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park,Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that,oddly,had not troubled anyone before:he couldn’t find the park’s volcano.It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that’s what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.But Christiansen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us,when we talk about volcanoes,think of the classic cone (圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro,which are created when erupting magma (岩浆) piles up.These can form remarkably quickly.In 1943,a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land.In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high.Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across.Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth,all but a few hundred of them extinct.There is,however,a second less known type of volcano that doesn’t involve mountain building.These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack,leaving behind a vast hole,the caldera.Yellowstone obviously was of this second type,but Christiansen couldn’t find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone.A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors’ centers.As soon as Christiansen saw the photos,he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera:almost the whole park—2.2 million acres—was caldera.The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level.At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——物质与非物质文化遗产——黄石国家公园
58.What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone
A.Its complicated geographical features.
B.Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C.The mysterious history of the park.
D.The exact location of the volcano.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bob Christiansen became...the park’s volcano”可知,Bob Christiansen对黄石国家公园的火山的准确位置感到困惑,故选D项。]
59.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A.The shapes of volcanoes.
B.The impacts of volcanoes.
C.The activities of volcanoes.
D.The heights of volcanoes.
答案　A　[段落大意题。根据第二段的内容尤其第一句和“a second less known type of...a vast hole”可知,该段主要讲两类火山的形态,故选A项。]
60.What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean
A.Hot-air balloon. B.Digital camera.
C.Big photograph. D.Bird’s view.
答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句和第三句可知,NASA拍摄了黄石国家公园的照片,Christiansen在照片上看到公园的全景。由此可推知,blow-up意为“放大的照片”,故选C项。]
[理文脉]
[再利用]
(一)由文本积重点词汇
1.puzzled adj. 困惑的;茫然的
2.extinct adj. 灭绝的;消亡的;(火山)死的
3.involve v. 牵涉,涉及;包含
4.assumption n. 假定,假设
5.in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
6.account for 说明;解释
7.think of 想起;考虑
8.pile up 堆积
9.top out 达到
10.burst open 爆发
11.leave behind 留下;遗留
12.on the assumption that 假设
13.at ground level 在地平面
14.blow up 爆发;爆炸
(二)由文本辨熟词生义
some [熟义] det.若干,一些;某个,某种
[生义] adv.大约
Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth,all but a few hundred of them extinct.
(三)由文本学长难句分析
Most of us,when we talk about volcanoes,think of the classic cone shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro,which are created when erupting magma piles up.
分析:本句是一个复合句。第一个when引导时间状语从句;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the classic cone shapes;第二个when引导时间状语从句。
句意:说到火山,我们大多数人都会想到富士山或乞力马扎罗山的经典圆锥体形状,这是岩浆喷发堆积时形成的。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·安徽六校教育研究会高三入学测试)
What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field.However,Wu Cui,an intangible cultural inheritor,can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw-weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins,a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China’s Zhejiang Province.The Book of Rites,one of the classical works of Confucianism,also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou dynasty.
Straw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or artworks.It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving:selection of materials is the first step of a complicated,time-consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks or even months to complete.You need to sketch the piece on paper,which requires drawing skills.Next comes the weaving,shaping and preserving of the work.Even by finishing that process,it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work,and the hardest part is to make it lifelike.
In the past,woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside,such as straw hats and straw shoes,because they were practical in everyday life.But due to the impact of industrialization,manufactured goods have replaced such products,which yield low profits,and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country.“The world has changed,and craftsmen need to transcend practicality and pursue the beauty and artistry of straw-weaving culture to help the craft survive and thrive,” Wu says.
From her perspective,straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences,while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture.“Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says.When asked about her plans,Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——非物质文化遗产——草编工艺
1.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw-weaving products
A.Their major uses.
B.Their cultural value.
C.Their historic origins.
D.Their manufacturing process.
答案　C　[段落大意题。根据第二段的“The earliest straw-weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins”和“also records that there were...craftsmen during the Zhou dynasty”可知,最早的草编产品是在河姆渡文化遗迹发现的,且早在周朝时就已经有关于香蒲垫和专业的草编手艺人的记载了。故选C项。]
2.Which is the toughest part for straw-weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui
A.Making the artworks vivid.
B.Drawing sketches on paper.
C.Selecting suitable materials.
D.Preserving finished products.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第四段的“the hardest part is to make it lifelike”可知,最难的部分是让作品栩栩如生。故选A项。文中的hardest与题干中的toughest是同义替换,文中的lifelike与A项中的vivid是同义替换。]
3.What does the underlined word “transcend” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Rely on. B.Go beyond.
C.Cast away. D.Turn to.
答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“pursue the beauty and artistry of straw-weaving culture to help the craft survive and thrive”可知,要追求草编文化的美和艺术特色以帮助这项工艺存活并蓬勃发展。由此可推知,画线词应与其后的pursue意思相近,意为“超越,超出”。故选B项。A项“依靠,依赖”,C项“抛弃”,D项“求助于”。]
4.What can we learn from Wu Cui’s opinion according to the last paragraph
A.Straw-weaving products are out of favor with customers.
B.Pursuing fashion should be the first priority for craftspeople.
C.Local people benefit a lot from the straw-weaving techniques.
D.Craftsmen should innovate the craft based on traditional culture.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“drawing inspiration from traditional culture”和“Craftspeople should...new and relevant products”可推知,手艺人应该在传统文化的基础上有所创新。故选D项。]
(2025·长春高三质量监测一)
It’s a race against time,as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves,a UNESCO World Heritage Site,despite erosion (侵蚀) by sand and wind.
The team is dedicated to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,000 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site,the construction of which spans about a thousand years,from the 4th century to the 14th century.The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road.“Our work,repairing murals and painted sculptures,is to better preserve the caves,which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin,director of the Dunhuang Academy.
Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking (剥落),as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity of the caves,and the deposition of salts.To restore a mural requires an all-rounder.Restorers should know painting,master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics,to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution.They must also select proper materials and tools,conduct experiments before formally carrying out the restoration,and evaluate the effect afterward.
The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them.When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away,they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration.“Cultural relics are witnesses of history,” explains Su.“When you pursue the so-called intact (完好无损) look for artistic reasons,you will lose their key meaning.”
Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems.“It needs long-term research to better preserve the caves,over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetimes,” Su says.But at least,they can keep the existing look of the murals for as long as possible.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——物质文化遗产——莫高窟壁画的保护
5.What is the main purpose of paragraph 2
A.To show the popularity of Dunhuang murals.
B.To explain the history of the ancient Silk Road.
C.To stress the significance of the restoration work.
D.To present the ways of protecting cultural heritage.
答案　C　[写作目的题。根据第二段中的“Our work,repairing murals and painted sculptures...inspires modern people”可知,修复工作是为了更好地保护莫高窟,其意义是向世人介绍包容广阔的伟大敦煌精神,激励现代人。由此可知,第二段的主要目的是强调修复工作的意义。故选C项。]
6.Which of the following best describes the restoration work
A.Creative. B.Well-paid.
C.Interesting. D.Demanding.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Restorers should know painting...evaluate the effect afterward.”可知,修复师应懂得绘画,掌握石匠技能,还要具备一定的化学物理知识,能够识别问题及其原因,并提供解决方案。修复师还要选择适当的材料和工具,在修复前进行实验,之后评估效果。由此可推知,修复工作要求极高。故选D项。A项“有创造力的”,B项“报酬高的”,C项“有趣的”。]
7.What should restoring murals focus on according to paragraph 4
A.Spotting the faded murals in time.
B.Fixing the missing parts of murals.
C.Making preservation of the murals as they are.
D.Repainting murals to perfect their appearance.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第四段“The restoration should respect the original work...you will lose their key meaning.”可知,壁画的修复应尊重原作,旨在维护其现状而非重新漆画;不能仅出于艺术原因追求所谓的完美。所以,壁画的修复重点是维护其原貌。故选C项。]
8.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings
B.The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves
C.The Successful Experiment on Cave Conservation
D.The Role of the Dunhuang Spirit in Chinese Culture
答案　B　[标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了莫高窟壁画的历史、壁画的修复工作对修复人员的要求、修复工作的目的和作用等信息。故本文可用“莫高窟的壁画修复工作”作标题。故选B项。]
Ⅱ.七选五
There are a lot of strategies for visiting a museum and avoiding “museum tiredness”.Consider what is mentioned below in planning.　1　
Regardless of a museum’s size,you’ll get tired quickly if you try to look closely at every object displayed.Likewise,most museums provide lots of information about the objects on view.So don’t try to read everything.　2　 “Tombstone” labels are very brief and provide facts about the artist,their country,etc.There may be a number,which the museum uses to register the object,usually according to when it became a part of the collection,and a credit line that indicates the donor.Object labels are placed next to many objects.　3　 The approach used to write museum labels has been much debated among art historians and museum professionals.
　4　 Ask for a map,or have museum staff suggest highlights in the collection or special exhibitions.Many museums have special tours,audioguides,or downloadable apps that point you to these objects.
Some people recommend setting a specific amount of time for your visit (1 or 2 hours).　5　 In addition to benches in the galleries,most museums have a cafe,a shop,a sculpture courtyard or gardens where you can hang out and relax for a bit.
A.You’ll likely meet with two types of labels.
B.You are sure to make the most of your experience.
C.It’s always a good idea to stop by the information desk.
D.It would also be wise to plan frequent breaks in the galleries.
E.Note that these might not be artworks that you find appealing.
F.If you live near,consider frequent visits to the changed exhibitions.
G.These aim to give information not always obvious about the artwork.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——社会热点问题——避免“博物馆疲劳”的策略
1.B　[空处所在段落第一句提到避免“博物馆疲劳”的多种策略,并且空处前一句讲到让读者考虑下文所提到的规划建议,所以空后应该是考虑下文建议所带来的结果。B项“你一定会获得最丰富的体验”符合语境。]
2.A　[空后分别介绍了,“‘Tombstone’ labels”与“Object labels”两种标签的具体信息,所以A项“你可能会遇到两种类型的标签”与下文逻辑连贯,构成了总分关系。]
3.G　[空前句子第一次提到“Object labels”,所以空处应该是对这种标签的详细介绍。G项“这些旨在提供艺术品的并不总是显而易见的信息”衔接上文。另外,选项中的代词“These”与空前的“Object labels”存在指代关系,也加强了两句间的衔接。]
4.C　[段落主旨句。空处所在的段落从篇章结构角度看,应该和第二、四段并列,都是避免“博物馆疲劳”的具体策略。结合空后的内容可知,C项“顺便去咨询台看看总是一个好主意”用来表达建议,符合段落大意。]
5.D　[根据空后的逻辑信号词“In addition to”可知,空处应该会提到介词to后面所接的宾语benches in the galleries。D项“在展馆里经常安排时间休息也是明智的”中的galleries与空后的galleries为原词复现。]
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·日照高三校际联考)
Ukrainian artist Olesya Galushcenko is an engineer who got into porcelain (瓷) flower making for a personal challenge.Seven years ago,she decided to 　1　 a project that involved using her 　2　,and a decorative flower bouquet (花束) caught her eye.Soon she started paying attention to cold porcelain.But she refused to 　3　 classes and decided to learn the 　4　 by herself.
While 　5　 with porcelain,Olesya realized that in order to 　6　 almost perfect flower reproductions,every little part of the 　7　 she was copying needed to be perfect.So she 　8　 taking every flower apart and making moulds (模具) of every element.
After making the moulds,the 　9　 artist created the frame of the bouquet from wire covered in tape.Everything was then 　10　 coated in porcelain.The porcelain masterpieces needed about a day to 　11　.
Provided that the artist 　12　 from early morning until late at night,she can create one rose in a 　13　.Olesya Galushcenko’s creations are not exactly 　14　 but there are always buyers lining up to buy her works.
Each porcelain flower that comes out of Olesya Galushcenko’s hands is one of a kind,and,if properly cared for,can 　15　 forever.She recommends keeping them out of direct sunlight and excessive moisture,and carefully wiping them with a damp cloth.
语篇类型:记叙文
主题语境:人与社会——物质文化遗产——自学制作瓷花
1.A.put aside B.put off
C.take on D.take down
答案　C　[根据上文的“Ukrainian artist Olesya Galushcenko is an engineer”可知,Olesya是一位工程师。由此可知,此处表示她决定做一个项目,故选C。put aside “忽视,不理睬,把……放一边”;put off “推迟,延迟”;take on “决定做,同意负责,承担”;take down “写下,记录”。]
2.A.eyes B.hands
C.strength D.courage
答案　B　[根据上文的“who got into porcelain (瓷) flower making for a personal challenge”可推知,Olesya参与的是手工艺品制作项目,故选B。]
3.A.set up B.give up
C.account for D.pay for
答案　D　[根据下文的“decided to learn the 　　　　by herself”可推测,Olesya想自学技艺,因此不参加付费课程。set up “建起,创建”;give up “放弃”;account for “解释,说明”;pay for “为……付费”。]
4.A.skill B.service
C.origin D.shape
答案　A　[参见上题解析。skill “技巧,技艺”;service “服务”;origin “起源,起因”;shape “形状”。]
5.A.matching B.playing
C.experimenting D.battling
答案　C　[根据语境可知,此处表示“当她尝试用瓷做瓷花时”,故选C。match “般配,相配”;experiment “进行实验,尝试”;battle “搏斗,斗争”。]
6.A.observe B.achieve
C.restore D.maintain
答案　B　[根据语境可知,她想获得几乎完美的作品,故选B。observe “看到,注意到,观察到”;achieve “达到,(尤指经过努力)取得,获得”;restore “恢复”;maintain “维持,保持”。]
7.A.flowers B.moulds
C.tools D.leaves
答案　A　[根据上文的“Olesya realized that in order to 　　　　almost perfect flower reproductions”可知,为了得到几乎完美的花卉复制品,她临摹的花的每一个小部分都需要是完美的,故选A。mould “模具”。]
8.A.admitted B.avoided
C.delayed D.started
答案　D　[根据语境可知,花的每一个小部分都要完美,于是她开始把每朵花拆开,针对每一个元素都做出模具。故选D。admit “承认”;avoid “避免”;delay “延迟,延期”。]
9.A.proud B.optimistic
C.talented D.anxious
答案　C　[根据上文的“decided to learn the 　　　　by herself”“So she 　　　　...of every element.”可知,她是自学的,并且对每个元素都做了模具,因此她有天赋,故选C。proud “自豪的”;optimistic “乐观的,乐观主义的”;talented “有天资的,有才能的”;anxious “焦虑的,不安的,担心的”。]
10.A.roughly B.carefully
C.temporarily D.hurriedly
答案　B　[根据常识可知,往每样东西上涂(coat)瓷这个动作应该是小心翼翼地进行的,故选B。roughly “粗略地,大致上”;carefully “小心地,仔细地”;temporarily “暂时地,临时地”;hurriedly “匆忙地”。]
11.A.dry B.copy
C.display D.sell
答案　A　[根据常识可知,此处是指制作完成后,瓷器作品需要约一天的时间去变干,故选A。copy “复制,临摹”;display “陈列,展出,展示”。]
12.A.draws B.comes
C.carves D.works
答案　D　[这位艺术家制作一朵玫瑰,应该是从早工作到晚,故选D。carve “雕刻”。]
13.A.week B.month
C.day D.year
答案　C　[根据上文描述的制作过程繁琐及“from early morning until late at night”可知,从清早至深夜的一天也就制造一只玫瑰。故选C。]
14.A.cheap B.priceless
C.disappointing D.exciting
答案　A　[根据下文“but there are always buyers lining up to buy her works”的转折可推断该句表达的是,虽然Olesya的作品不便宜,但是仍然有好多人排队购买,故选A。priceless “极其贵重的,无价的”;disappointing “令人失望的,令人沮丧的”;exciting “令人兴奋的”。]
15.A.shine B.grow
C.fruit D.last
答案　D　[根据语境和常识可推断,瓷花如果被爱护得当,可永久保存,故选D。last在此作动词,意为“持续,继续”。shine “发光,反光,照耀”;fruit “结果”。]
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·南昌高三第三次模拟)
In Nanchang,an opera professor turns classrooms into performance stages.An optional college course named “Appreciation of the Jiangxi Opera” 1.　　　　　　 (teach) in a packed house recently at Nanchang University due to the professor’s 2.　　　　　　 (innovate) way of teaching.
Waving water sleeves,and spinning folding fans while wearing traditional makeup and costumes,Chen Li,the 3.　　　　　　 (instruct) of this course,displays the charm of Jiangxi Opera in front of the students.They recorded the performances and posted the video clips of the class on social media platforms,4.　　　　　　 (receive) millions of views and likes from netizens.
Professor Chen is also 5.　　　　　　 inheritor (继承人) of Jiangxi Opera,one of the national intangible cultural heritages.The course she teaches has been open for many years,mainly introducing the history,tunes and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera.6.　　　　　　 remains unknown to all is that this course,which is full of people now,was originally rarely attended.
Chen devotes more attention to her students’ interactive experience 7.　　　　 (engage) students’ interest.“I invite my students to experience the whole process of the performance by 8.　　　　　　 (they) and then they appreciate it gradually,” Chen added.
Although 9.　　　　　　 (face) with the unexpected fame,Chen was satisfied,she also realized that a greater responsibility now rested 10.　　　　　　 her shoulders.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——非物质文化遗产——赣剧
1.has been taught　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“recently”可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语An optional college course是单数,和teach之间是被动关系,故填has been taught。]
2.innovative　[考查词性转换。空后是名词短语way of teaching,空处应填形容词,故填innovative。]
3.instructor　[考查词性转换。根据空前“the”和空后“of”可知,此处应用名词,再根据语境可知,此处指这门课程的导师,故填instructor。]
4.receiving　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处构成非谓语动词短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,故应用receive的现在分词形式,故填receiving。]
5.an　[考查冠词。此处意为“赣剧的一名传承人”,表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且inheritor的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。]
6.What　[考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句。主语从句中缺少主语,根据空后内容判断主语为某件未知的事,指物,故填What。注意首字母大写。]
7.to engage　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处构成非谓语动词短语作目的状语,应用动词不定式,故填to engage。]
8.themselves　[考查代词。分析句子意思可知,陈教授邀请学生们亲自体验整个表演的过程。应用反身代词,故填themselves。]
9.faced　[考查状语从句的省略。从句补充完整为:Although (Chen was) faced with the unexpected fame。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中含有be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,故填faced。]
10.on　[考查介词。此处考查固定搭配,rest on sb’s shoulders表示“落在某人肩上,由某人承担”,故填on。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作
(2025·湖南高三上开学考试)
上周末,你参加了学校文化艺术节的“Amazing Heritage Sites (神奇的文化遗产)”的主题活动。请你写一篇报道投稿到学校英文报,内容包括:
1.活动过程;
2.收获和感想。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.题目已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Exploring Amazing Heritage Sites
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
Exploring Amazing Heritage Sites
Aiming to explore and appreciate cultural treasures globally,our school club held an event themed “Amazing Heritage Sites”.
We began with a presentation on UNESCO World Heritage Sites,emphasizing their significance in preserving our shared history.Interactive discussions followed,where participants shared insights about their favorite heritage sites and their cultural importance.A highlight of the event was a virtual tour of Dunhuang Caves,guided by a knowledgeable speaker.Through vivid images and descriptions,we immersed ourselves in the history of this ancient wonder.This experience was truly enriching,broadening my understanding of diverse cultural landscapes worldwide and reinforcing the importance of preserving them for future generations.
In conclusion,the “Amazing Heritage Sites” event deepened my appreciation for our global heritage.I look forward to more enlightening experiences organized by our school club.(共143张PPT)
主题23　物质与非物质文化遗产
主题语境二　人与社会
主题群五　历史、社会与文化
主题词句 自查过关
内
容
索
引
主题词句 默写检测
主题词句 重点突破
主题写作 双练提升
主题阅读 综合运用
课时作业 一课一练
对接教材 人教版 必修第二册Unit 1 Cultural heritage
译林版 选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites
说明:本主题词汇来源于各版本相同主题单元词汇以及课标中同主题词汇
主题词句 自查过关
一、物质与非物质文化遗产
1.ancestor n.　　 祖宗;祖先
2.battle n. 战役;斗争;较量v.搏斗;与……作战;和……斗争
3.conquer vt. 占领;征服;控制
4.contrast n.& vt. 对比;对照
5.dynasty n. 王朝;朝代
6.emperor n. 皇帝
【主题语料·分类群记】
7.empire n. 帝国;大企业,大集团
8.era n. 时代,年代
9.former adj. 以前的;(两者中)前者的
10.heritage n. 遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
11.historical adj. 历史的;史学的;基于史实的
historically adv. 关于历史事件;在过去,历史上
history n. 历史,历史学;历史记录;来历
historian n. 历史学家
12.jewel n. 珠宝;宝石
13.kingdom n. 王国;领域
14.locate vt. 位于;查找……的地点
location n. 外景拍摄地;地方,地点
15.military adj. 军事的;军用的
16.overseas adj. 海外的adv.在海外
17.power n. 力量,能力;电力,功率;政权,势力vt.驱动
powerful adj. 强有力的;有影响(感染)力的
18.pyramid n. (古埃及的)金字塔;棱锥体
19.rare adj. 稀罕的;稀有的;珍贵的
20.relic n. 遗物;遗迹;遗址
21.roof n. 顶部;屋顶vt.给……盖顶;盖上屋顶
22.survival n. 生存;幸存;幸存事物
survive vt. 幸存;生还;幸免于难;比……活得长
vi. 存活;继续存在
survivor n. 幸存者;生还者
23.value vt. 重视,珍视
n. 价值(观);用途
valuable adj. 贵重的;有价值的;重要的
24.vase n. 花瓶;瓶
25.weapon n. 武器,兵器
二、遗产保护
1.administration n. 管理,行政;执行,实施
2.announce vt. 宣布,播报;通告
announcement n. 通告,公告
3.archaeologist n. 考古学家
archaeology n. 考古学
archaeological adj. 考古学的;考古学上的
4.conserve vt. 保护;节约
conservation n. 保护;保存;节约
conservationist n. (动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者;环境保护主义者
5.convince vt. 使确信;使信服
convinced adj. 确信的;信服的
convincing adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
6.decrease v.& n. 减少;降低
increase v.& n. 增加;增长
increasingly adv. 渐增地
7.doubt n. 怀疑;疑惑vt.怀疑;不信
doubtful adj. 感到怀疑的;不确定的
undoubtedly adv. 确实地;毋庸置疑地
8.ensure vt. 保证,确保
9.exist vi. 存在;生存
existence n. 存在;生活,生活方式
existing adj. 现存的;现行的
10.forever adv. 永远;长久地
11.limit vt. 限制;限定n.界限;限度
limited adj. 有限的
limitless adj. 无限的;无界限的
limitation n. 限制;局限性
12.preserve vt. 贮存;保鲜;维护,保护n.腌菜;果酱
preservation n. 保存,保留
13.prevent vt. 阻止;阻碍
prevention n. 防止;预防
preventive adj. 预防性的;防备的
14.protest n.& v. 抗议;反对
protester n. 抗议者;反对者;持异议者
15.rebuild vt. 重建
16.restore vt. 恢复;修复;归还
restoration n. (旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复,整修
三、主题词块
1.in search of 寻找
2.take apart 拆开
3.turn to 向……求助
4.at war 处于交战状态
5.keep a balance between...and... 在……与……之间保持平衡
6.make a proposal 提出建议
7.prevent...from (doing)... 阻止……做/免于……
8.make sure 确保;设法保证
9.all over the world 在世界各地
10.with/have a history of 有……的历史
11.own a diverse culture 拥有多元文化
12.cultural relics 文化遗产
13.preserve...from... 保护……免遭……
14.take possession of 拥有;占有
15.to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是
16.vary from...to... 由……到……不等
17.up to 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)
能胜任;由……决定
四、主题佳句
1.There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is no doubt that thousands of engineers and workers have rescued countless cultural relics over the past few years.
毫无疑问,在过去的几年里,成千上万的工程师和工人抢救了无数的文物。
2.why引导的定语从句
The reason why we call it the Amber Room is that several tons of amber were used to make it.
我们之所以称它为琥珀厅,是因为制作它用了好几吨琥珀。
3.every time引导时间状语从句
Every time I recite these Tang poems,I feel every cell in my body wakes up.
每次我背诵这些唐诗,我觉得我身体里的每一个细胞都醒了。
4.what引导主语从句
What we are supposed to do is that we will spare no effort to preserve our cultural heritages.
我们所要做的就是尽全力保护我们的文化遗产。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess,I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).One where I kind of knew what was going to happen,________ (history) fiction.(2024·全国甲卷)
2.“These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a ____________(value) impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.(2023·浙江1月卷)
【课堂小结·多维练透】(限时15分钟)
historical
valuable
3.Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from ____________(conserve) groups.(2023·全国甲卷)
4.Happiness does not appear to be associated with age,gender,race,or geographical ____________(locate).Instead,it is related to the feeling you have when you are self-satisfied.
5.Of course,as we humans depend on so many species for our ____________(survive),we would also be at risk of dying out.
conservation
location
survival
6.The plan has drawn criticism and protests over the years since its ________________(announce) in 2017.
7.Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that’s pretty ________(power).(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
8.There is ____________(convince) evidence of a link between exposure to the sun and skin cancer.
announcement
powerful
convincing
Ⅱ.语境辨义
1.选出preserve的汉语意思
A.vt.保存　B.vt.保护　C.vt.贮存;保鲜
①The vase has been preserved in exceptional condition,and is a particularly striking example of its type._____
②My mother preserved the meat that we had left,so it would not go bad._____
③We must encourage the planting of new trees and preserve our existing woodlands._____
A
C
B
2.猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思
①In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)___________
②The shopping centre is not roofed over.______________________
vt.驱动
vt.给……盖顶;盖上屋顶
③Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence.(2022·浙江1月卷) _______________
④Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)___________
n.生活,生活方式
vi.争夺
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.The smart engineer had no difficulty ___________________________
and repaired it successfully.
这位聪明的工程师毫不费力地拆开了冰箱,并成功地修好了它。
2.I _______________________________that everyone should make a contribution to protecting cultural heritage.
我提议每个人都应该为保护文化遗产做出贡献。
taking apart the fridge
make a proposal
3.There comes a time when we must take effective measures to _________________________________________________________.
到了我们必须采取有效措施防止许多濒危物种消失的时候了。
4.________________,the local folk song,full of unique cultural charm,was not well-known among the younger generation anymore.
令她遗憾的是,充满独特文化魅力的当地民歌在年轻一代中已不再广为人知。
prevent many endangered species from disappearing
To her regret
5.There is a collection of 2,000 cultural relics,which is the reason ____________________________________________________.(why引导的定语从句)
这里收藏了2 000件文物,这就是考古学家们决定挖掘这座古墓的原因。
6.__________________________________________________________ and we should treasure and protect them.(There is no doubt that...)
毫无疑问,这些文化遗址很有价值,我们应该珍惜并保护它们。
why the archaeologists decide to dig up the ancient tomb
There is no doubt that these cultural relics are of great value
主题词句 默写检测
【默写主题单词】
一、物质与非物质文化遗产
1.____________ n.　 祖宗;祖先
2.____________ n. 战役;斗争;较量 v.搏斗;与……作战;和……斗争
3.____________ vt. 占领;征服;控制
4.____________ n.& vt. 对比;对照
5.____________ n. 王朝;朝代
6.____________ n. 皇帝
ancestor
battle
conquer
contrast
dynasty
emperor
7.____________ n. 帝国;大企业,大集团
8.____________ n. 时代,年代
9.____________ adj. 以前的;(两者中)前者的
10.____________ n.遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
11.____________ adj. 历史的;史学的;基于史实的
____________ adv. 关于历史事件;在过去,历史上
____________ n. 历史,历史学;历史记录;来历
____________ n. 历史学家
empire
era
former
heritage
historical
historically
history
historian
12.____________ n. 珠宝;宝石
13.____________ n. 王国;领域
14.____________ vt. 位于;查找……的地点
____________ n. 外景拍摄地;地方,地点
15.____________ adj. 军事的;军用的
16.____________ adj. 海外的 adv.在海外
17.____________ n. 力量,能力;电力,功率; 政权,势力vt.驱动
____________ adj. 强有力的;有影响(感染)力的
jewel
kingdom
locate
location
military
overseas
power
powerful
18.____________ n. (古埃及的)金字塔;棱锥体
19.____________ adj. 稀罕的;稀有的;珍贵的
20.____________ n. 遗物;遗迹;遗址
21.____________ n. 顶部;屋顶 vt.给……盖顶;盖上屋顶
22.____________ n. 生存;幸存;幸存事物
____________ vt. 幸存;生还;幸免于难; 比……活得长
vi. 存活;继续存在
____________ n. 幸存者;生还者
pyramid
rare
relic
roof
survival
survive
survivor
23.____________ vt. 重视,珍视 n.价值(观);用途
____________ adj. 贵重的;有价值的;重要的
24.____________ n. 花瓶;瓶
25.____________ n. 武器,兵器
value
valuable
vase
weapon
二、遗产保护
1.____________ n. 管理,行政;执行,实施
2.____________ vt. 宣布,播报;通告
____________ n. 通告,公告
3.____________ n. 考古学家
____________ n. 考古学
____________ adj. 考古学的;考古学上的
administration
announce
announcement
archaeologist
archaeology
archaeological
4.____________ vt. 保护;节约
____________ n. 保护;保存;节约
____________ n. (动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者;环境保护主义者
5.____________ vt. 使确信;使信服
____________ adj. 确信的;信服的
____________ adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
6.____________ v.& n. 减少;降低
____________ v.& n. 增加;增长
____________ adv. 渐增地
conserve
conservation
conservationist
convince
convinced
convincing
decrease
increase
increasingly
7.____________ n. 怀疑;疑惑 vt.怀疑;不信
____________ adj. 感到怀疑的;不确定的
____________ adv. 确实地;毋庸置疑地
8.____________ vt. 保证,确保
9.____________ vi. 存在;生存
____________ n. 存在;生活,生活方式
____________ adj. 现存的;现行的
10.____________ adv. 永远;长久地
doubt
doubtful
undoubtedly
ensure
exist
existence
existing
forever
11.____________ vt. 限制;限定 n.界限;限度
____________ adj. 有限的
____________ adj. 无限的;无界限的
____________ n. 限制;局限性
12.____________ vt. 贮存;保鲜;维护,保护 n.腌菜;果酱
____________ n. 保存,保留
limit
limited
limitless
limitation
preserve
preservation
13.____________ vt. 阻止;阻碍
____________ n. 防止;预防
____________ adj. 预防性的;防备的
14.____________ n.& v.抗议;反对
____________ n. 抗议者;反对者;持异议者
15.____________ vt. 重建
16.____________ vt. 恢复;修复;归还
____________ n. (旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复,整修
prevent
prevention
preventive
protest
protester
rebuild
restore
restoration
【默写主题词块】
1.___________________________ 寻找
2.___________________________ 拆开
3.___________________________ 向……求助
4.___________________________ 处于交战状态
5.___________________________ 在……与……之间保持平衡
6.___________________________ 提出建议
7.__________________________ 阻止……做/免于……
in search of
take apart
turn to
at war
keep a balance between...and...
make a proposal
prevent...from (doing)...
8.____________________ 确保;设法保证
9.____________________ 在世界各地
10.___________________ 有……的历史
11.___________________ 拥有多元文化
12.___________________ 文化遗产
13.___________________ 保护……免遭……
14.___________________ 拥有;占有
make sure
all over the world
with/have a history of
own a diverse culture
cultural relics
preserve...from...
take possession of
15.________________ 令某人遗憾的是
16._______________ 由……到……不等
17._______________ 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;
(体力或智力上)能胜任;由……决定
to one’s regret
vary from...to...
up to
1._______________________________thousands of engineers and workers have rescued countless cultural relics over the past few years.
毫无疑问,在过去的几年里,成千上万的工程师和工人抢救了无数的文物。
2.The reason ___________________________________________ is that several tons of amber were used to make it.(why引导的定语从句)
我们之所以称它为琥珀厅,是因为制作它用了好几吨琥珀。
There is no doubt that
【默写主题佳句】
why we call it the Amber Room
3.________________________________, I feel every cell in my body wakes up.(every time引导时间状语从句)
每次我背诵这些唐诗,我觉得我身体里的每一个细胞都醒了。
4._______________________________is that we will spare no effort to preserve our cultural heritages.(what引导主语从句)
我们所要做的就是尽全力保护我们的文化遗产。
Every time I recite these Tang poems
What we are supposed to do
主题词句 重点突破
1.located adj.处于;位于;坐落于 [locate vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置(在) location n.地点;位置]
先运用　单句语法填空/一句多译
①With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic ________________(locate),we make sure there is always a bike available for you.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
locations
②四川省位于中国的西南部,它有许多世界著名的名胜古迹,如九寨沟和都江堰水利工程。(2021·天津3月卷)
→_______________________________________________________________________. It enjoys many world-famous places of interest,such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project.
→Sichuan Province,_________________________________________
______________, enjoys many world-famous places of interest,such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project.(分词短语作定语)
Sichuan Province is located/situated/lies in the southwestern
part of China
located/situated/lying in the southwestern
part of China
后牢记　用法归纳
be located in/on/at 位于;坐落于
be situated in/on/at 位于;坐落于
lie in 位于;在于
2.survive vi.& vt.幸免于难;幸存;活下来;生还;比……活得长 (survivor n.幸存者 survival n.幸存;生存)
survival
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Those people trapped in the traffic jam greatly need fresh food and water for ____________(survive).
②The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived ____________the fish caught in the sea.
on
③The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that _________________________________________.(2021·全国甲卷)
西安古城墙是中国悠久历史上幸存下来的最完整的城墙。
has survived China’s long history
后牢记　用法归纳
survive sb by 活得比某人长……
survive sth (经历意外、战争、疾病等后)幸存,活下来
survive on sth 靠某物继续维持生活
3.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服 (convinced adj.确信的;坚信的 convincing adj.令人信服的)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子/翻译句子
①So ____________is your speech that I’m ____________that all students will benefit a lot from it.(convince)
②Your performance in the crisis ______________________________
_________________and _____________________________________.
你在危机中的表现使我们相信你有能力应对紧急情况,并使我们相信能把这项重要任务交给你。
convincing
convinced
has convinced us of your ability to
tackle emergencies
convinced us to hand the important task to you
③我坚信,通过这次讲座,我们不仅可以了解中国文学,而且可以提高我们对中国传统文化的兴趣。(邀请信)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’m firmly convinced that through the lecture not only can we get the hang of Chinese literature,but also we can boost our interest in traditional Chinese culture.
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)convince sb of sth 使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb that... 使某人相信……
(2)be convinced that.../of... (某人)坚信……
4.decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①________________ (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
②Over the past decades,sea ice has been ____________the decrease in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
To decrease
on
③The number of people who can perform the traditional handicraft __________________________________________________________ in the past decade.(短文投稿)
在过去的十年里,能够进行传统手工艺制作的人数已经下降了近10%。
has decreased by nearly 10%
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)decrease by 减少了
decrease (from...) to (从……)减少到
decrease in 在某方面下降
(2)on the decrease/increase 在减少/在增加
a decrease in 某方面的减少
5.exist vi.存在;生存 (existence n.存在;生存 existing adj.目前的;现存的)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①No one knows for sure how the situation came into ____________,but the ________authority has determined to take measures to solve it once and for all.(exist)
②The beauty of the city _______________________its magnificent buildings.
这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。
existence
existing
exists/lies/consists in
③________________________________, but whatever happens,we can always ____________________.(主旨升华)
我们的生活有起有落,但无论发生什么,我们都可以依靠爱和希望生活。
There exist ups and downs in our life
exist on love and hope
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)exist in=lie in/consist in 存在于……
exist on=live on 靠……生存/存活
There exist(s)... 某地有……;存在……
(2)come into existence 产生;成立;开始存在
6.limit n.限度;限制 vt.限制;限定 (limited adj.有限的;受限制的 limitless adj.无限的;无尽的limitation n.限制;局限;极限)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Life is ____________(limit),but there is no limit to ____________(serve) the people.
②There is no denying that being physically disabled is the biggest ________________(limit) for him to find a suitable job.
limited
serving
limitation
③You are required to _______________________________________. If your essay is ___________________________, it will not be accepted.(征文通知)
要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度,将不被采用。
④To protect the cultural heritage from being seriously damaged, ___________________________________________________________ during the peak season.
为了保护文化遗产不受严重破坏,当地政府在旅游旺季限制了游客数量。
limit your essay to 800 words
beyond the limit
the local government has set a limit to/on the number of tourists
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)set a limit to/on 限制……
beyond the limit 超过限度
There is a/no limit to (to为介词)... ……是有限的/无限的。
(2)limit...to... 把……限定在……范围内
7.preserve vt.保护;保存;维持 n.保护区 (preservation n.维护;保护;保养)
先运用　单句语法填空/补全句子/翻译句子
①Some students are searching for clues to creatively preserve the old stele on Mount Tai ____________being damaged.
②Well before the arrival of freezers,there was a demand for ice for food ____________(preserve).
from/against
preservation
③Except for parts that need to be restored to their original appearance,_______________________________________________.
除了部分需要重修恢复原貌,这些文物的大部分都保存完好。
④我们已经采取了有效的措施来保护古建筑。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
most of the relics are well-preserved
We have taken effective measures to preserve the ancient
architecture.
后牢记　用法归纳
preserve...from/against... 保护……免受……
well-preserved 保存良好的
nature preserve 自然保护区
8.up to达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任;由……决定
先运用　补全句子
①_______________________________the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest to be organized by our school.(活动介绍)
多达20名学生将参加我们学校组织的古诗朗诵大赛。
②Life just gives us time and space;___________________________. (主旨升华)
生活只给我们时间和空间,如何去填充它由我们决定。
Up to 20 students are to take part in
it’s up to us to decide how to fill it
③I once volunteered in a local dialect protection campaign,so I am greatly convinced that _____________________________.(申请信)
我曾经在一个地方方言保护活动中担任志愿者,所以我深信自己能胜任这项工作。
I am up to the job
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)It is up to sb to do sth 由某人决定做某事。
It is up to you. 随你的便/由你来决定。
(2)(be)up to sth (体力或智力上)能胜任某事
(3)up to now/then 直到现在/那时
9.every time引导时间状语从句
Every time I recite these Tang poems,I feel every cell in my body wakes up.
每次我背诵这些唐诗,我觉得我身体里的每一个细胞都醒了。
先运用　补全句子/一句多译
①_______________________________________________________,
I understand more about the significance of protecting our cultural heritage.(发言稿)
每次我参加传统节日活动时,我就更加理解保护我们文化遗产的重要意义。
Every time I participate in the traditional festival activities
②坦白说,他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时就对她的课感兴趣。
→To be frank,he became interested in the young teacher’s lesson ___________________________________________. (the first time)
→To be frank,he became interested in the young teacher’s lesson __________________________________________. (for the first time)
the first time he attended her class
when he attended her class for the first time
后牢记　用法归纳
(1)every time相当于each time,是名词短语用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次……的时候”。
(2)the first time可用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次……的时候”;for the first time 表示“第一次”,独立作状语,不引导从句。
主题写作 双练提升
[应用文增分练]——“非遗进校园”活动报道
根据提示,用本主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作。
　　为了传承和弘扬中国传统文化和让师生领略非物质文化遗产(intangible cultural heritage)的魅力,你校今天开展了“非遗进校园”活动。请你用英文写一篇报道,内容包括:
1.活动目的;2.活动内容;3.活动感受。
Intangible Cultural Heritage into School
Today,our school hosted an event named “Intangible Cultural Heritage into School” aimed at promoting Chinese traditional culture and allowing students and teachers 1.____________________________
________________________________ (领略非物质文化遗产的魅力).
to experience the charm of
intangible cultural heritage
The event was rich in content.There were exhibitions of traditional handicrafts,such as embroidery.These handicrafts are 2._______________________________(我们祖先宝贵的遗产).Through the historical pictures and real-object displays,we learned about the era when these handicrafts thrived.Some local artisans were invited to demonstrate the production process on the spot.They showed us 3.__________________________________________________________(如何非常娴熟地制作陶罐).Their powerful dedication to preserving traditional skills is inspiring.
valuable heritages of our ancestors
how to make clay pots with great skill
This activity made us deeply feel the charm of intangible cultural heritage.It made us determined 4._______________________________
_________________________(保护和保存这些珍贵的文化遗产),ensuring their survival for generations to come.
to preserve and conserve these
precious cultural heritages
[读后续写提升练]——根据提示续写2场景
场景导语:和堂弟Isaiah一起钓鱼,“我”回想起了父亲教他钓鱼的情景→父亲曾是一名野生动物工作者,他热爱他的工作,尤其是可以保护自然不受人类侵害→瞥见潜鸟(loon),回想起父亲说它会伤人→看见潜鸟哀号着向“我们”游来,翅膀上有血迹,“我”认为是在向“我们”求救。
场景续写1:“我”伸手去摸它的头,心跳加速→发现身上有钩子,脖子上缠着鱼线→感觉父亲似乎在场,鼓励“我”救助潜鸟→准备取出钩子
Reaching down, I touched its head, my heart racing. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I could see there was a shiny red hook embedded in its body, and the fishing line was wrapped tightly around its neck.Left like this, the loon couldn’t survive.It was asking us to help! But if freed, would it stab us to death with its beak I hesitated.Somehow I felt my dad’s presence, “Jacob, the bird won’t hurt you.It needs your help.Be brave!” Taking a deep breath, I closed my eyes for a second to calm myself.“Isaiah, go and grab the scissors from the fishing tackle box,”I said firmly.Soon he came back with the tiny pair of scissors and I bent down to pick up the loon.
场景续写2:“我”很害怕,Isaiah就用剪刀把鱼线剪掉→“我”和Isaiah两人把潜鸟身上的钩子取下来→潜鸟被释放→它用翅膀拍打水面,似乎在表示感谢→“我们”内心充满了成就感
Afraid, I held it out at arm’s length, and Isaiah cut away the fishing line using the scissors.__________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Luckily, the loon was silent and things went well.“Now take out the hook, Isaiah.Hurry! ” “All right! I will.” Isaiah bit on his lower lip.Slowly, his slim fingers worked to loosen the hook and pulled it out.Finally, the loon was freed.Isaiah and I breathed a sigh of relief.As I set it down on the water, it slapped its wings down slightly on the surface of the lake, seeming to be saying, “Thank you, boys.” Big smiles formed on our faces with a sense of accomplishment filled with our hearts.I decided to protect wildlife like my father and felt it our duty to protect nature.
主题阅读 综合运用
(江苏卷)In the 1960s,while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park,Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that,oddly,had not troubled anyone before:he couldn’t find the park’s volcano.It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that’s what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.But Christiansen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us,when we talk about volcanoes,think of the classic cone (圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro,which are created when erupting magma (岩浆) piles up.These can form remarkably quickly.In 1943,a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land.In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high.Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across.Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth,all but a few
hundred of them extinct.There is,however,a second less known type of volcano that doesn’t involve mountain building.These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack,leaving behind a vast hole,the caldera.Yellowstone obviously was of this second type,but Christiansen couldn’t find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone.A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors’ centers.As soon as Christiansen saw the photos,he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera:almost the whole park—2.2 million acres—was caldera.The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—
much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level.At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——物质与非物质文化遗产——黄石国家公园
58.What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone
A.Its complicated geographical features.
B.Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C.The mysterious history of the park.
D.The exact location of the volcano.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bob Christiansen became...the park’s volcano”可知,Bob Christiansen对黄石国家公园的火山的准确位置感到困惑,故选D项。
√
59.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A.The shapes of volcanoes. B.The impacts of volcanoes.
C.The activities of volcanoes. D.The heights of volcanoes.
解析　段落大意题。根据第二段的内容尤其第一句和“a second less known type of...a vast hole”可知,该段主要讲两类火山的形态,故选A项。
√
60.What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean
A.Hot-air balloon. B.Digital camera.
C.Big photograph. D.Bird’s view.
解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句和第三句可知,NASA拍摄了黄石国家公园的照片,Christiansen在照片上看到公园的全景。由此可推知,blow-up意为“放大的照片”,故选C项。
√
[理文脉]
[再利用]
(一)由文本积重点词汇
1.puzzled adj. 困惑的;茫然的
2.extinct adj. 灭绝的;消亡的;(火山)死的
3.involve v. 牵涉,涉及;包含
4.assumption n. 假定,假设
5.in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
6.account for 说明;解释
7.think of 想起;考虑
8.pile up 堆积
9.top out 达到
10.burst open 爆发
11.leave behind 留下;遗留
12.on the assumption that 假设
13.at ground level 在地平面
14.blow up 爆发;爆炸
(二)由文本辨熟词生义
some [熟义] det.若干,一些;某个,某种
[生义]_______________________________
Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth,all but a few hundred of them extinct.
adv.大约
(三)由文本学长难句分析
Most of us,when we talk about volcanoes,think of the classic cone shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro,which are created when erupting magma piles up.
分析:本句是一个复合句。第一个when引导____________状语从句;which引导________________从句,修饰先行词the classic cone shapes;第二个when引导时间状语从句。
句意:_______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
时间
非限制性定语
说到火山,我们大多数人都会想到富士山或乞力马扎罗山的经典圆锥体形状,这是岩浆喷发堆积时形成的。
课时作业 一课一练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·安徽六校教育研究会高三入学测试)
What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field.However,Wu Cui,an intangible cultural inheritor,can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw-weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins,a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China’s Zhejiang Province.The Book of Rites,one of the classical works of Confucianism,also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou dynasty.
Straw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or artworks.It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving:selection of materials is the first step of a complicated,time-consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks or even months to complete.You need to sketch the piece on paper,which requires drawing skills.Next comes the weaving,shaping and preserving of the work.Even by finishing that process,it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work,and the hardest part is to make it lifelike.
In the past,woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside,such as straw hats and straw shoes,because they were practical in everyday life.But due to the impact of industrialization,manufactured goods have replaced such products,which yield low profits,and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country.“The world has changed,and craftsmen need to transcend practicality and pursue the beauty and artistry of straw-weaving culture to help the craft survive and thrive,” Wu says.
From her perspective,straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences,while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture.“Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says.When asked about her plans,Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——非物质文化遗产——草编工艺
1.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw-weaving products
A.Their major uses. B.Their cultural value.
C.Their historic origins. D.Their manufacturing process.
解析　段落大意题。根据第二段的“The earliest straw-weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins”和“also records that there were...craftsmen during the Zhou dynasty”可知,最早的草编产品是在河姆渡文化遗迹发现的,且早在周朝时就已经有关于香蒲垫和专业的草编手艺人的记载了。故选C项。
√
2.Which is the toughest part for straw-weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui
A.Making the artworks vivid. B.Drawing sketches on paper.
C.Selecting suitable materials. D.Preserving finished products.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的“the hardest part is to make it lifelike”可知,最难的部分是让作品栩栩如生。故选A项。文中的hardest与题干中的toughest是同义替换,文中的lifelike与A项中的vivid是同义替换。
√
3.What does the underlined word “transcend” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Rely on. B.Go beyond. C.Cast away. D.Turn to.
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“pursue the beauty and artistry of straw-weaving culture to help the craft survive and thrive”可知,要追求草编文化的美和艺术特色以帮助这项工艺存活并蓬勃发展。由此可推知,画线词应与其后的pursue意思相近,意为“超越,超出”。故选B项。A项“依靠,依赖”,C项“抛弃”,D项“求助于”。
√
4.What can we learn from Wu Cui’s opinion according to the last paragraph
A.Straw-weaving products are out of favor with customers.
B.Pursuing fashion should be the first priority for craftspeople.
C.Local people benefit a lot from the straw-weaving techniques.
D.Craftsmen should innovate the craft based on traditional culture.
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“drawing inspiration from traditional culture”和“Craftspeople should...new and relevant products”可推知,手艺人应该在传统文化的基础上有所创新。故选D项。
√
(2025·长春高三质量监测一)
It’s a race against time,as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves,a UNESCO World Heritage Site,despite erosion (侵蚀) by sand and wind.
The team is dedicated to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,000 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site,the construction of which spans about a thousand years,from the 4th century to the 14th century.The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road.“Our work,repairing murals and painted sculptures,is to better preserve the caves,which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin,director of the Dunhuang Academy.
Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking (剥落),as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity of the caves,and the deposition of salts.To restore a mural requires an all-rounder.Restorers should know painting,master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics,to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution.They must also select proper materials and tools,conduct experiments before formally carrying out the restoration,and evaluate the effect afterward.
The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them.When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away,they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration.“Cultural relics are witnesses of history,” explains Su.“When you pursue the so-called intact (完好无损) look for artistic reasons,you will lose their key meaning.”
Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems.“It needs long-term research to better preserve the caves,over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetimes,” Su says.But at least,they can keep the existing look of the murals for as long as possible.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——物质文化遗产——莫高窟壁画的保护
5.What is the main purpose of paragraph 2
A.To show the popularity of Dunhuang murals.
B.To explain the history of the ancient Silk Road.
C.To stress the significance of the restoration work.
D.To present the ways of protecting cultural heritage.
解析　写作目的题。根据第二段中的“Our work,repairing murals and painted sculptures...inspires modern people”可知,修复工作是为了更好地保护莫高窟,其意义是向世人介绍包容广阔的伟大敦煌精神,激励现代人。由此可知,第二段的主要目的是强调修复工作的意义。故选C项。
√
6.Which of the following best describes the restoration work
A.Creative. B.Well-paid. C.Interesting. D.Demanding.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Restorers should know painting...evaluate the effect afterward.”可知,修复师应懂得绘画,掌握石匠技能,还要具备一定的化学物理知识,能够识别问题及其原因,并提供解决方案。修复师还要选择适当的材料和工具,在修复前进行实验,之后评估效果。由此可推知,修复工作要求极高。故选D项。A项“有创造力的”,B项“报酬高的”,C项“有趣的”。
√
7.What should restoring murals focus on according to paragraph 4
A.Spotting the faded murals in time.
B.Fixing the missing parts of murals.
C.Making preservation of the murals as they are.
D.Repainting murals to perfect their appearance.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段“The restoration should respect the original work...you will lose their key meaning.”可知,壁画的修复应尊重原作,旨在维护其现状而非重新漆画;不能仅出于艺术原因追求所谓的完美。所以,壁画的修复重点是维护其原貌。故选C项。
√
8.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings
B.The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves
C.The Successful Experiment on Cave Conservation
D.The Role of the Dunhuang Spirit in Chinese Culture
解析　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了莫高窟壁画的历史、壁画的修复工作对修复人员的要求、修复工作的目的和作用等信息。故本文可用“莫高窟的壁画修复工作”作标题。故选B项。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
There are a lot of strategies for visiting a museum and avoiding “museum tiredness”.Consider what is mentioned below in planning.__1___
Regardless of a museum’s size,you’ll get tired quickly if you try to look closely at every object displayed.Likewise,most museums provide lots of information about the objects on view.So don’t try to read everything.__2__ “Tombstone” labels are very brief and provide facts about the artist,their country,etc.There may be a number,which the museum uses to register the object,usually according to when it became a part of the collection,and a credit line that indicates the donor.Object labels are placed next to many objects.__3__ The approach used to write museum labels has been much debated among art historians and museum professionals.
__4__ Ask for a map,or have museum staff suggest highlights in the collection or special exhibitions.Many museums have special tours,audioguides,or downloadable apps that point you to these objects.
Some people recommend setting a specific amount of time for your visit (1 or 2 hours).__5__ In addition to benches in the galleries,most museums have a cafe,a shop,a sculpture courtyard or gardens where you can hang out and relax for a bit.
A.You’ll likely meet with two types of labels.
B.You are sure to make the most of your experience.
C.It’s always a good idea to stop by the information desk.
D.It would also be wise to plan frequent breaks in the galleries.
E.Note that these might not be artworks that you find appealing.
F.If you live near,consider frequent visits to the changed exhibitions.
G.These aim to give information not always obvious about the artwork.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——社会热点问题——避免“博物馆疲劳”的策略
1.B　 [空处所在段落第一句提到避免“博物馆疲劳”的多种策略,并且空处前一句讲到让读者考虑下文所提到的规划建议,所以空后应该是考虑下文建议所带来的结果。B项“你一定会获得最丰富的体验”符合语境。]
2.A　 [空后分别介绍了,“‘Tombstone’ labels”与“Object labels”两种标签的具体信息,所以A项“你可能会遇到两种类型的标签”与下文逻辑连贯,构成了总分关系。]
3.G　 [空前句子第一次提到“Object labels”,所以空处应该是对这种标签的详细介绍。G项“这些旨在提供艺术品的并不总是显而易见的信息”衔接上文。另外,选项中的代词“These”与空前的“Object labels”存在指代关系,也加强了两句间的衔接。]
4.C　 [段落主旨句。空处所在的段落从篇章结构角度看,应该和第二、四段并列,都是避免“博物馆疲劳”的具体策略。结合空后的内容可知,C项“顺便去咨询台看看总是一个好主意”用来表达建议,符合段落大意。]
5.D　 [根据空后的逻辑信号词“In addition to”可知,空处应该会提到介词to后面所接的宾语benches in the galleries。D项“在展馆里经常安排时间休息也是明智的”中的galleries与空后的galleries为原词复现。 ]
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·日照高三校际联考)
Ukrainian artist Olesya Galushcenko is an engineer who got into porcelain (瓷) flower making for a personal challenge.Seven years ago,she decided to __1__ a project that involved using her __2__,and a decorative flower bouquet (花束) caught her eye.Soon she started paying attention to cold porcelain.But she refused to __3__ classes and decided to learn the __4__ by herself.
While __5__ with porcelain,Olesya realized that in order to __6__ almost perfect flower reproductions,every little part of the __7__ she was copying needed to be perfect.So she __8__ taking every flower apart and making moulds (模具) of every element.
After making the moulds,the __9__ artist created the frame of the bouquet from wire covered in tape.Everything was then __10__ coated in porcelain.The porcelain masterpieces needed about a day to __11__.
Provided that the artist __12__ from early morning until late at night,she can create one rose in a __13__.Olesya Galushcenko’s creations are not exactly __14__ but there are always buyers lining up to buy her works.
Each porcelain flower that comes out of Olesya Galushcenko’s hands is one of a kind,and,if properly cared for,can __15__ forever.She recommends keeping them out of direct sunlight and excessive moisture,and carefully wiping them with a damp cloth.
语篇类型:记叙文
主题语境:人与社会——物质文化遗产——自学制作瓷花
1.A.put aside B.put off C.take on D.take down
解析　根据上文的“Ukrainian artist Olesya Galushcenko is an engineer”可知,Olesya是一位工程师。由此可知,此处表示她决定做一个项目,故选C。put aside “忽视,不理睬,把……放一边”;put off “推迟,延迟”;take on “决定做,同意负责,承担”;take down “写下,记录”。
2.A.eyes B.hands C.strength D.courage
解析　根据上文的“who got into porcelain (瓷) flower making for a personal challenge”可推知,Olesya参与的是手工艺品制作项目,故选B。
√
√
3.A.set up B.give up C.account for D.pay for
解析　根据下文的“decided to learn the ________by herself”可推测,Olesya想自学技艺,因此不参加付费课程。set up “建起,创建”;give up “放弃”;account for “解释,说明”;pay for “为……付费”。]
4.A.skill B.service C.origin D.shape
解析　参见上题解析。skill “技巧,技艺”;service “服务”;origin “起源,起因”;shape “形状”。
√
√
5.A.matching B.playing C.experimenting D.battling
解析　根据语境可知,此处表示“当她尝试用瓷做瓷花时”,故选C。match “般配,相配”;experiment “进行实验,尝试”;battle “搏斗,斗争”。
6.A.observe B.achieve C.restore D.maintain
解析　根据语境可知,她想获得几乎完美的作品,故选B。observe “看到,注意到,观察到”;achieve “达到,(尤指经过努力)取得,获得”;restore “恢复”;maintain “维持,保持”。
√
√
7.A.flowers B.moulds C.tools D.leaves
解析　根据上文的“Olesya realized that in order to ________almost perfect flower reproductions”可知,为了得到几乎完美的花卉复制品,她临摹的花的每一个小部分都需要是完美的,故选A。mould “模具”。]
8.A.admitted B.avoided C.delayed D.started
解析　根据语境可知,花的每一个小部分都要完美,于是她开始把每朵花拆开,针对每一个元素都做出模具。故选D。admit “承认”;avoid “避免”;delay “延迟,延期”。
√
√
9.A.proud B.optimistic C.talented D.anxious
解析　根据上文的“decided to learn the ________by herself”“So she ________...of every element.”可知,她是自学的,并且对每个元素都做了模具,因此她有天赋,故选C。proud “自豪的”;optimistic “乐观的,乐观主义的”;talented “有天资的,有才能的”;anxious “焦虑的,不安的,担心的”。]
10.A.roughly B.carefully C.temporarily D.hurriedly
解析　根据常识可知,往每样东西上涂(coat)瓷这个动作应该是小心翼翼地进行的,故选B。roughly “粗略地,大致上”;carefully “小心地,仔细地”;temporarily “暂时地,临时地”;hurriedly “匆忙地”。
√
√
11.A.dry B.copy C.display D.sell
解析　根据常识可知,此处是指制作完成后,瓷器作品需要约一天的时间去变干,故选A。copy “复制,临摹”;display “陈列,展出,展示”。
12.A.draws B.comes C.carves D.works
解析　这位艺术家制作一朵玫瑰,应该是从早工作到晚,故选D。carve “雕刻”。
√
√
13.A.week B.month C.day D.year
解析　根据上文描述的制作过程繁琐及“from early morning until late at night”可知,从清早至深夜的一天也就制造一只玫瑰。故选C。
14.A.cheap B.priceless C.disappointing D.exciting
解析　根据下文“but there are always buyers lining up to buy her works”的转折可推断该句表达的是,虽然Olesya的作品不便宜,但是仍然有好多人排队购买,故选A。priceless “极其贵重的,无价的”;disappointing “令人失望的,令人沮丧的”;exciting “令人兴奋的”。
√
√
15.A.shine B.grow C.fruit D.last
解析　根据语境和常识可推断,瓷花如果被爱护得当,可永久保存,故选D。last在此作动词,意为“持续,继续”。shine “发光,反光,照耀”;fruit “结果”。
√
Ⅳ. 语法填空
(2025·南昌高三第三次模拟)
In Nanchang,an opera professor turns classrooms into performance stages.An optional college course named “Appreciation of the Jiangxi Opera” 1.____________ (teach) in a packed house recently at Nanchang University due to the professor’s 2.____________ (innovate) way of teaching.
Waving water sleeves,and spinning folding fans while wearing traditional makeup and costumes,Chen Li,the 3.____________ (instruct) of this course,displays the charm of Jiangxi Opera in front of the students.They recorded the performances and posted the video clips of the class on social media platforms,4.____________ (receive) millions of views and likes from netizens.
Professor Chen is also 5.____________ inheritor (继承人) of Jiangxi Opera,one of the national intangible cultural heritages.The course she teaches has been open for many years,mainly introducing the history,tunes and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera.6.____________ remains unknown to all is that this course,which is full of people now,was originally rarely attended.
Chen devotes more attention to her students’ interactive experience 7.________ (engage) students’ interest.“I invite my students to experience the whole process of the performance by 8.____________ (they) and then they appreciate it gradually,” Chen added.
Although 9.____________ (face) with the unexpected fame,Chen was satisfied,she also realized that a greater responsibility now rested 10.____________ her shoulders.
语篇类型:说明文
主题语境:人与社会——非物质文化遗产——赣剧
1.has been taught　 [考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“recently”可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语An optional college course是单数,和teach之间是被动关系,故填has been taught。]
2.innovative　 [考查词性转换。空后是名词短语way of teaching,空处应填形容词,故填innovative。]
3.instructor　 [考查词性转换。根据空前“the”和空后“of”可知,此处应用名词,再根据语境可知,此处指这门课程的导师,故填instructor。]
4.receiving　 [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处构成非谓语动词短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,故应用receive的现在分词形式,故填receiving。]
5.an　 [考查冠词。此处意为“赣剧的一名传承人”,表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且inheritor的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。]
6.What　 [考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句。主语从句中缺少主语,根据空后内容判断主语为某件未知的事,指物,故填What。注意首字母大写。]
7.to engage　 [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处构成非谓语动词短语作目的状语,应用动词不定式,故填to engage。]
8.themselves　 [考查代词。分析句子意思可知,陈教授邀请学生们亲自体验整个表演的过程。应用反身代词,故填themselves。]
9.faced　 [考查状语从句的省略。从句补充完整为:Although (Chen was) faced with the unexpected fame。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中含有be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,故填faced。]
10.on　 [考查介词。此处考查固定搭配,rest on sb’s shoulders表示“落在某人肩上,由某人承担”,故填on。 ]
Ⅴ.应用文写作
(2025·湖南高三上开学考试)
上周末,你参加了学校文化艺术节的“Amazing Heritage Sites (神奇的文化遗产)”的主题活动。请你写一篇报道投稿到学校英文报,内容包括:
1.活动过程;2.收获和感想。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.题目已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Exploring Amazing Heritage Sites
____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Exploring Amazing Heritage Sites
Aiming to explore and appreciate cultural treasures globally,our school club held an event themed “Amazing Heritage Sites”.
We began with a presentation on UNESCO World Heritage Sites,emphasizing their significance in preserving our shared history.Interactive discussions followed,where participants shared insights about their favorite heritage sites and their cultural importance.
A highlight of the event was a virtual tour of Dunhuang Caves,guided by a knowledgeable speaker.Through vivid images and descriptions, we immersed ourselves in the history of this ancient wonder.This experience was truly enriching,broadening my understanding of diverse cultural landscapes worldwide and reinforcing the importance of preserving them for future generations.
In conclusion,the “Amazing Heritage Sites” event deepened my appreciation for our global heritage.I look forward to more enlightening experiences organized by our school club.

展开更多......

收起↑