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Unit 1　Nature in the balance（原卷版）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species,as well as learn how you can help protect them.If you are a wildlife lover,here are some programs you can choose.
·Animal Rescue Project,South Africa
You will be working with experienced conservationists in Cape Town.A significant challenge is to find new homes for homeless dogs and cats.The project comprises two sections: a fully equipped animal hospital and an adoption center focusing on securing new homes.Due to limited funding,the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff,relying heavily on wildlife lovers to assist with daily tasks and provide hands-on care for these animals.
·Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka
Recent years have witnessed a significant decline in the sea turtle numbers due to numerous commercial fishing.As a wildlife lover,your role extends to supporting hatcheries(孵化场)in their conservation efforts.Additionally,your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds,as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover,enabling them to generate additional income.
·Wildlife Conservation Program,Australia
You will be engaged in activities such as animal feeding,cleaning,maintenance,and enrichment.This program provides an incredible opportunity to gain first-hand international work experience.For you,this program is an excellent choice.Not only will you contribute to a noble cause,but it also offers a fantastic opportunity to meet people from around the world.
·Marine Conservation Program,Bali
You will be working in Tianyar,where the reef is now in a worsening state.The project was initiated to restore and conserve Tianyar’s coral reef,not only to protect its remarkable and delicate ecosystems but also to secure a sustainable future for the residents.
(　　)1.What problem does the adoption center meet with
[A] Insufficient equipment. [B] Insecure surroundings.
[C] Shortage of shelters. [D] Lack of hands.
(　　)2.Which program will offer financial assistance
[A] Animal Rescue Project,South Africa.
[B] Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka.
[C] Wildlife Conservation Program,Australia.
[D] Marine Conservation Program,Bali.
(　　)3.What is the main purpose of the text
[A] To promote program cooperation.
[B] To advocate restoring ecosystems.
[C] To introduce endangered species protection.
[D] To encourage engagement with wildlife preservation.
B
Many news reports focus on climate change these days.Extreme heat,wildfires,floods,homeless polar bears...How do you feel when reading worrying news about climate change You may believe that people are becoming insensitive to the warming planet,accepting that it is only getting worse.
A research team at Pennsylvania State University,US,reported otherwise.To record how the news can impact people’s emotions,participants were first exposed to negative news stories about climate change for three days.They then continued to read negative news headlines for seven days.In the first three days,the participants experienced greater fear and less hope,which can potentially hurt an audience’s belief that they can do anything to tackle the problem.
However,during the seven-day-long exposure,the fear peaked and then held steady.“We saw the opposite pattern in our second study.The more exposure people had to these threatening news stories each day,the more likely they are to think that they can make a difference in tackling climate change,” Christofer Skurka,the paper’s lead author said in an interview.
According to the researchers,one possibility is that when the public hears about climate change threats,they may convince themselves that they have control over the situation.They will then believe that their actions may make a difference.
Knowing that everyone is able to help is only the first step.According to a study that analyzed information from 430 different studies,what motivates people the most to change their behavior is social comparison.For example,if a person’s neighbors follow a low-carbon lifestyle,such as driving electric cars,the person may feel social pressure and become more likely to follow this behavior.This happens because people usually judge their own behavior and follow social norms (规范).Another effective motivation is providing financial rewards to consumers,helping them save money.
“There are so many routes to our goals,” Matthew Goldberg,the co-author of the study,told the media.As Goldberg pointed out,future research like this can help policymakers decide how best to encourage people towards more climate-friendly habits.
(　　)4.How did the participants react to negative news in the second study
[A] They found the news unbelievable.
[B] They lost hope in tackling climate change.
[C] They experienced greater fear for the future.
[D] They felt a strong sense of social responsibility.
(　　)5.What encourages people most towards more climate-friendly behavior
[A] Effective policy. [B] Healthy lifestyle.
[C] Social influence. [D] Financial support.
(　　)6.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
[A] Responses to climate change education.
[B] The effectiveness of community initiatives.
[C] The impact of social norms on the environment.
[D] Ways to encourage climate-friendly behavior.
(　　)7.What is Goldberg’s attitude towards similar future research
[A] Doubtful. [B] Optimistic. [C] Objective. [D] Indifferent.
C
The natural world provides humans with essential services.For instance,forests channel water into rivers that irrigate crops while their roots prevent landslides.Over decades,therefore,governments have made promises about preserving the world’s biodiversity.
However,those promises have been broken many times,which has caused the depressing destruction of the natural environment.One step towards avoiding yet more disappointment is to emphasize the close link between preserving biodiversity and the widely held goal of reaching net-zero carbon emissions.Unfortunately,less known is the link between them.
Given that biodiversity has an important role in meeting these carbon-reduction goals,you might think it would feature highly in the net-zero emissions plans.Not so.For example,faced with the tighter regulation of emissions,many companies are now channeling more time and cash into their firms’ carbon footprints reduction and energy transition,yet the plans have too little to say about biodiversity.
That needs to change.Safeguarding biodiversity is an efficient way to control carbon panies and investment firms should pay more attention to the opportunities from preserving ecosystems.By investing in biodiversity—directing capital to projects that repair an ecosystem—companies can offset (抵消) their emissions.By some estimates,projects to manage carbon-rich wetlands and to reforest cleared land could provide more than one-third of the emissions reductions that are needed to prevent more than 2℃ of global warming.
The key to managing more capital is better measurement so that the link between investment in natural projects,biodiversity and carbon is made clear.Today some so-called carbon-offset projects that involve firms paying money are questionable and not supported by evidence.Better guidelines and practice can help and so can new technology.Drones and satellites can improve the measurement of biodiversity and accounting systems can measure how spending on biodiversity compares with pouring cash into other kinds of carbon management.
(　　)8.What do we know about biodiversity
[A] Its importance is undervalued. [B] Its link with carbon emissions is clear.
[C] It is the source of carbon dioxide. [D] It gets promised benefits from governments.
(　　)9.Why is “many companies” mentioned in Paragraph 3
[A] To clarify a rule. [B] To make a conclusion.
[C] To explain a plan. [D] To support an opinion.
(　　)10.What is the benefit of safeguarding biodiversity
[A] Rebuilding wetlands. [B] Redirecting capital.
[C] Cutting carbon emissions. [D] Transforming energy.
(　　)11.What message does the writer convey in the text
[A] The natural world deserves more investment.
[B] The key to managing capital is new regulations.
[C] It is hard to achieve net-zero carbon emissions.
[D] It is worthwhile spending money on clean energy.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
(2025·八省联考)
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park,which was a seaside area in Karachi.There,I would always see the same elderly lady 　1　 the pigeons (鸽子).The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in 　2　,would gather around her before she even had a 　3　 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag.It was the same each day,part of her 　4　.
I found that 　5　 her perform this ordinary task with such 　6　 was both calming and beautiful.
On this particular evening,the lady arrived at her 　7　 spot to feed the birds.But,as she 　8　 the bench(长凳) to sit down,her necklace(项链) fell to the ground.
I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.Noticing that,I 　9　 to get it back for her.　10　,before I reached it,one of the pigeons from the 　11　 picked up the necklace,　12　 to the bench,and dropped it on her lap.
I couldn’t 　13　 my eyes.The old lady,also 　14　,began laughing quietly to herself.I was 　15　 with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
(　　)1.[A] feeding [B] pursuing [C] training [D] collecting
(　　)2.[A] age [B] size [C] weight [D] number
(　　)3.[A] wish [B] chance [C] plan [D] reason
(　　)4.[A] job [B] project [C] routine [D] dream
(　　)5.[A] watching [B] helping [C] making [D] hearing
(　　)6.[A] confidence [B] enthusiasm [C] flexibility [D] precision
(　　)7.[A] original [B] parking [C] hiding [D] usual
(　　)8.[A] repaired [B] approached [C] shared [D] supported
(　　)9.[A] slipped in [B] ran away [C] got up [D] turned around
(　　)10.[A] However [B] Afterwards [C] Gradually [D] Fortunately
(　　)11.[A] sea [B] tree [C] pair [D] group
(　　)12.[A] walked [B] stuck [C] pointed [D] flew
(　　)13.[A] lift [B] cover [C] believe [D] close
(　　)14.[A] satisfied [B] surprised [C] annoyed [D] frightened
(　　)15.[A] caught [B] hit [C] left [D] met
Unit 1　Nature in the balance（解析版）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species,as well as learn how you can help protect them.If you are a wildlife lover,here are some programs you can choose.
·Animal Rescue Project,South Africa
You will be working with experienced conservationists in Cape Town.A significant challenge is to find new homes for homeless dogs and cats.The project comprises two sections: a fully equipped animal hospital and an adoption center focusing on securing new homes.Due to limited funding,the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff,relying heavily on wildlife lovers to assist with daily tasks and provide hands-on care for these animals.
·Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka
Recent years have witnessed a significant decline in the sea turtle numbers due to numerous commercial fishing.As a wildlife lover,your role extends to supporting hatcheries(孵化场)in their conservation efforts.Additionally,your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds,as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover,enabling them to generate additional income.
·Wildlife Conservation Program,Australia
You will be engaged in activities such as animal feeding,cleaning,maintenance,and enrichment.This program provides an incredible opportunity to gain first-hand international work experience.For you,this program is an excellent choice.Not only will you contribute to a noble cause,but it also offers a fantastic opportunity to meet people from around the world.
·Marine Conservation Program,Bali
You will be working in Tianyar,where the reef is now in a worsening state.The project was initiated to restore and conserve Tianyar’s coral reef,not only to protect its remarkable and delicate ecosystems but also to secure a sustainable future for the residents.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个野生生物保护项目。
(　　)1.What problem does the adoption center meet with
[A] Insufficient equipment. [B] Insecure surroundings.
[C] Shortage of shelters. [D] Lack of hands.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据 Animal Rescue Project,South Africa 部分中的最后一句可知,收养中心面临资金有限这一问题,以至于无法招收足够数量的长期工,只得高度依赖野生生物爱好者来帮忙做日常事务。故选D。
(　　)2.Which program will offer financial assistance
[A] Animal Rescue Project,South Africa.
[B] Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka.
[C] Wildlife Conservation Program,Australia.
[D] Marine Conservation Program,Bali.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据 Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka 部分中的最后一句可知,Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka 为每一个野生生物爱好者提供安置费,使孵化场能够产生额外的收入。故选B。
(　　)3.What is the main purpose of the text
[A] To promote program cooperation.
[B] To advocate restoring ecosystems.
[C] To introduce endangered species protection.
[D] To encourage engagement with wildlife preservation.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,参加野生生物保护项目是参与濒危物种保护的好方法,本文通过介绍保护濒危物种的几个项目来鼓励野生生物爱好者参与野生生物保护。故选D。
B
Many news reports focus on climate change these days.Extreme heat,wildfires,floods,homeless polar bears...How do you feel when reading worrying news about climate change You may believe that people are becoming insensitive to the warming planet,accepting that it is only getting worse.
A research team at Pennsylvania State University,US,reported otherwise.To record how the news can impact people’s emotions,participants were first exposed to negative news stories about climate change for three days.They then continued to read negative news headlines for seven days.In the first three days,the participants experienced greater fear and less hope,which can potentially hurt an audience’s belief that they can do anything to tackle the problem.
However,during the seven-day-long exposure,the fear peaked and then held steady.“We saw the opposite pattern in our second study.The more exposure people had to these threatening news stories each day,the more likely they are to think that they can make a difference in tackling climate change,” Christofer Skurka,the paper’s lead author said in an interview.
According to the researchers,one possibility is that when the public hears about climate change threats,they may convince themselves that they have control over the situation.They will then believe that their actions may make a difference.
Knowing that everyone is able to help is only the first step.According to a study that analyzed information from 430 different studies,what motivates people the most to change their behavior is social comparison.For example,if a person’s neighbors follow a low-carbon lifestyle,such as driving electric cars,the person may feel social pressure and become more likely to follow this behavior.This happens because people usually judge their own behavior and follow social norms (规范).Another effective motivation is providing financial rewards to consumers,helping them save money.
“There are so many routes to our goals,” Matthew Goldberg,the co-author of the study,told the media.As Goldberg pointed out,future research like this can help policymakers decide how best to encourage people towards more climate-friendly habits.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。研究表明长期接触关于气候变化的新闻不会让人变得麻木不仁,反而会激发人们强烈的社会责任感。本文主要介绍了该研究的实施、结果以及如何激发人们保护环境的行为。
(　　)4.How did the participants react to negative news in the second study
[A] They found the news unbelievable.
[B] They lost hope in tackling climate change.
[C] They experienced greater fear for the future.
[D] They felt a strong sense of social responsibility.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,在第二项研究中,参与者每天接触这些威胁性的新闻报道越多,他们就越有可能认为自己可以在应对气候变化方面发挥作用。由此可推知,参与者感到了一种强烈的社会责任感。故选D。
(　　)5.What encourages people most towards more climate-friendly behavior
[A] Effective policy. [B] Healthy lifestyle.
[C] Social influence. [D] Financial support.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,最能促使人们改变行为的是社会比较,接着作者举例来阐述这一观点,并解释这是因为人们通常会评判自己的行为并遵循社会规范。由此可知,社会影响最能鼓励人们采取更有利于气候的行为。故选C。
(　　)6.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
[A] Responses to climate change education.
[B] The effectiveness of community initiatives.
[C] The impact of social norms on the environment.
[D] Ways to encourage climate-friendly behavior.
【答案】 D
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第五段的第二句和最后一句可知,第五段主要讲鼓励人们改变自己行为、激发人们气候友好行为的有效方式。故选D。
(　　)7.What is Goldberg’s attitude towards similar future research
[A] Doubtful. [B] Optimistic. [C] Objective. [D] Indifferent.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知,未来像这样的研究可以帮助政策制定者决定如何最好地鼓励人们养成更有利于气候的习惯。由此可知,Goldberg对未来类似研究充满了希望。故选B。
C
The natural world provides humans with essential services.For instance,forests channel water into rivers that irrigate crops while their roots prevent landslides.Over decades,therefore,governments have made promises about preserving the world’s biodiversity.
However,those promises have been broken many times,which has caused the depressing destruction of the natural environment.One step towards avoiding yet more disappointment is to emphasize the close link between preserving biodiversity and the widely held goal of reaching net-zero carbon emissions.Unfortunately,less known is the link between them.
Given that biodiversity has an important role in meeting these carbon-reduction goals,you might think it would feature highly in the net-zero emissions plans.Not so.For example,faced with the tighter regulation of emissions,many companies are now channeling more time and cash into their firms’ carbon footprints reduction and energy transition,yet the plans have too little to say about biodiversity.
That needs to change.Safeguarding biodiversity is an efficient way to control carbon panies and investment firms should pay more attention to the opportunities from preserving ecosystems.By investing in biodiversity—directing capital to projects that repair an ecosystem—companies can offset (抵消) their emissions.By some estimates,projects to manage carbon-rich wetlands and to reforest cleared land could provide more than one-third of the emissions reductions that are needed to prevent more than 2℃ of global warming.
The key to managing more capital is better measurement so that the link between investment in natural projects,biodiversity and carbon is made clear.Today some so-called carbon-offset projects that involve firms paying money are questionable and not supported by evidence.Better guidelines and practice can help and so can new technology.Drones and satellites can improve the measurement of biodiversity and accounting systems can measure how spending on biodiversity compares with pouring cash into other kinds of carbon management.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了净零碳排放目标与保护生物多样性的紧密联系,但生物多样性的重要性被低估了。通过投资生物多样性,公司可以抵消它们的碳排放。自然界值得人类投资。
(　　)8.What do we know about biodiversity
[A] Its importance is undervalued. [B] Its link with carbon emissions is clear.
[C] It is the source of carbon dioxide. [D] It gets promised benefits from governments.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句和第二段内容可知,尽管政府做出了保护全球生物多样性的承诺,但类似的承诺似乎多次成为空头支票,导致自然环境恶化。为避免更多失望,人们需要强调保护生物多样性和达到净零碳排放目标之间的紧密联系。由此可推出,生物多样性的重要性被低估了。故选A。
(　　)9.Why is “many companies” mentioned in Paragraph 3
[A] To clarify a rule. [B] To make a conclusion.
[C] To explain a plan. [D] To support an opinion.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段的前两句可知,考虑到生物多样性在实现这些减碳目标方面发挥着重要作用,你可能会以为生物多样性在净零碳排放计划中被重视,其实不然。再根据第三段的最后一句可知,面对愈发严格的排放规则,现在许多公司把更多的时间和资金投入到减少公司碳足迹和能量转变方面,但很少提及生物多样性。作者通过列举“many companies”的例子,来支持上述的一个观点(生物多样性没有在净零碳排放计划中被重视)。故选D。
(　　)10.What is the benefit of safeguarding biodiversity
[A] Rebuilding wetlands. [B] Redirecting capital.
[C] Cutting carbon emissions. [D] Transforming energy.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句和最后一句可知,保护生物多样性有利于减少碳排放。故选C。
(　　)11.What message does the writer convey in the text
[A] The natural world deserves more investment.
[B] The key to managing capital is new regulations.
[C] It is hard to achieve net-zero carbon emissions.
[D] It is worthwhile spending money on clean energy.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了净零碳排放目标与保护生物多样性的紧密联系,但生物多样性的重要性被低估了,应将更多投资应用于保护大自然的生物多样性上。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
(2025·八省联考)
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park,which was a seaside area in Karachi.There,I would always see the same elderly lady 　1　 the pigeons (鸽子).The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in 　2　,would gather around her before she even had a 　3　 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag.It was the same each day,part of her 　4　.
I found that 　5　 her perform this ordinary task with such 　6　 was both calming and beautiful.
On this particular evening,the lady arrived at her 　7　 spot to feed the birds.But,as she 　8　 the bench(长凳) to sit down,her necklace(项链) fell to the ground.
I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.Noticing that,I 　9　 to get it back for her.　10　,before I reached it,one of the pigeons from the 　11　 picked up the necklace,　12　 to the bench,and dropped it on her lap.
I couldn’t 　13　 my eyes.The old lady,also 　14　,began laughing quietly to herself.I was 　15　 with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章通过描述作者在公园看日落时目睹一位老妇人喂鸽子的温馨场景,以及一只鸽子捡回老妇人掉落项链的瞬间,展现了人与动物之间的和谐美好。
(　　)1.[A] feeding [B] pursuing [C] training [D] collecting
【答案】 A　
【解析】 根据下文“On this particular evening,the lady arrived at her 　7　 spot to feed the birds.”可知,作者总是看到同一个老妇人在喂(feeding)鸽子。故选A。
(　　)2.[A] age [B] size [C] weight [D] number
【答案】 D　
【解析】 根据上文“The birds,usually around 10 to 15”可知,此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量(number)。故选D。
(　　)3.[A] wish [B] chance [C] plan [D] reason
【答案】 B　
【解析】 根据上文“The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in 　2　,would gather around her before she even had a 　3　”和下文“to take the bag of rice out from her handbag”可知,此处描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景,应该是不等她有机会(chance)从手提包里拿出装米的袋子,鸽子就聚集起来了。故选B。
(　　)4.[A] job [B] project [C] routine [D] dream
【答案】 C　
【解析】 根据上文“It was the same each day”可知,喂鸽子这件事每天都是一样的,这成了老妇人的惯例(routine)。故选C。
(　　)5.[A] watching [B] helping [C] making [D] hearing
【答案】 A　
【解析】 根据上文“There,I would always see the same elderly lady 　1　 the pigeons (鸽子).”可知,作者总是观看(watching)老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。
(　　)6.[A] confidence [B] enthusiasm [C] flexibility [D] precision
【答案】 B　
【解析】 此处描述看着她充满热情(enthusiasm)地做这件普通的事让作者觉得既平静又美好。with enthusiasm意为“充满热情地”,是固定搭配。故选B。
(　　)7.[A] original [B] parking [C] hiding [D] usual
【答案】 D　
【解析】 根据上文“It was the same each day”可知,这件事每天都是一样的。由此可知,老妇人是来到常去的地方喂鸽子,usual意为“通常的,寻常的”,符合语境。故选D。
(　　)8.[A] repaired [B] approached [C] shared [D] supported
【答案】 B　
【解析】 根据语境可知,此处指老妇人走近长凳坐下,approach意为“靠近,接近”,符合语境。故选B。
(　　)9.[A] slipped in [B] ran away [C] got up [D] turned around
【答案】 C　
【解析】 根据上文“I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.”可知,作者坐在附近的草地上,等待太阳落山。由此可知,作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后,起身(got up)去帮她拿回来。故选C。
(　　)10.[A] However [B] Afterwards [C] Gradually [D] Fortunately
【答案】 A　
【解析】 上文说作者起身去捡项链,下文说作者捡到之前,一只鸽子把项链捡起来了,前后是转折关系。However表示转折。故选A。
(　　)11.[A] sea [B] tree [C] pair [D] group
【答案】 D　
【解析】 根据上文“The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in 　2　,would gather around her”可知,这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群(group)鸽子中的一只。故选D。
(　　)12.[A] walked [B] stuck [C] pointed [D] flew
【答案】 D　
【解析】 根据上文“one of the pigeons”和下文“dropped it on her lap”可知,鸽子应该是飞(flew)向长凳,把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。
(　　)13.[A] lift [B] cover [C] believe [D] close
【答案】 C　
【解析】 根据上文“before I reached it,one of the pigeons from the 　11　 picked up the necklace,　12　 to the bench,and dropped it on her lap”可知,看到老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链,这让作者觉得很惊讶,此处表示作者不敢相信(believe)自己的眼睛。故选C。
(　　)14.[A] satisfied [B] surprised [C] annoyed [D] frightened
【答案】 B　
【解析】 根据上文“also”可知,看到自己经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链,老妇人也和作者一样感到非常惊讶(surprised)。故选B。
(　　)15.[A] caught [B] hit [C] left [D] met
【答案】 C　
【解析】 根据下文“with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset”可知,作者见到这一情景,脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。be left with意为“留下,剩下”,此处表示作者脸上留下了这样的表情。故选C。
(
第
9
页
)(共58张PPT)
Unit 1　Nature in the balance
(限时:35分钟　总分:42.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species,as well as learn how you can help protect them.If you are a wildlife lover,here are some programs you can choose.
·Animal Rescue Project,South Africa
You will be working with experienced conservationists in Cape Town.A significant challenge is to find new homes for homeless dogs and cats.The project comprises two sections: a fully equipped animal hospital and an adoption center focusing on securing new homes.Due to limited funding,the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff,
relying heavily on wildlife lovers to assist with daily tasks and provide hands-on care for these animals.
·Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka
Recent years have witnessed a significant decline in the sea turtle numbers due to numerous commercial fishing.As a wildlife lover,your role extends to supporting hatcheries(孵化场)in their conservation efforts.
Additionally,your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds,as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover,enabling them to generate additional income.
·Wildlife Conservation Program,Australia
You will be engaged in activities such as animal feeding,cleaning,
maintenance,and enrichment.This program provides an incredible opportunity to gain first-hand international work experience.For you,this program is an excellent choice.Not only will you contribute to a noble cause,
but it also offers a fantastic opportunity to meet people from around the world.
·Marine Conservation Program,Bali
You will be working in Tianyar,where the reef is now in a worsening state.The project was initiated to restore and conserve Tianyar’s coral reef,not only to protect its remarkable and delicate ecosystems but also to secure a sustainable future for the residents.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个野生生物保护项目。
(　　)1.What problem does the adoption center meet with
[A] Insufficient equipment.
[B] Insecure surroundings.
[C] Shortage of shelters.
[D] Lack of hands.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据 Animal Rescue Project,South Africa 部分中的最后一句可知,收养中心面临资金有限这一问题,以至于无法招收足够数量的长期工,只得高度依赖野生生物爱好者来帮忙做日常事务。故选D。
(　　)2.Which program will offer financial assistance
[A] Animal Rescue Project,South Africa.
[B] Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka.
[C] Wildlife Conservation Program,Australia.
[D] Marine Conservation Program,Bali.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据 Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka 部分中的最后一句可知,Turtle Conservation Project,Sri Lanka 为每一个野生生物爱好者提供安置费,使孵化场能够产生额外的收入。故选B。
(　　)3.What is the main purpose of the text
[A] To promote program cooperation.
[B] To advocate restoring ecosystems.
[C] To introduce endangered species protection.
[D] To encourage engagement with wildlife preservation.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,参加野生生物保护项目是参与濒危物种保护的好方法,本文通过介绍保护濒危物种的几个项目来鼓励野生生物爱好者参与野生生物保护。故选D。
B
Many news reports focus on climate change these days.Extreme heat,wildfires,floods,homeless polar bears...How do you feel when reading worrying news about climate change You may believe that people are becoming insensitive to the warming planet,accepting that it is only getting worse.
A research team at Pennsylvania State University,US,reported otherwise.To record how the news can impact people’s emotions,participants were first exposed to negative news stories about climate change for three days.They then continued to read negative news headlines for seven days.In the first three days,the participants experienced greater fear and less hope,
which can potentially hurt an audience’s belief that they can do anything to tackle the problem.
However,during the seven-day-long exposure,the fear peaked and then held steady.“We saw the opposite pattern in our second study.The more exposure people had to these threatening news stories each day,the more likely they are to think that they can make a difference in tackling climate change,” Christofer Skurka,the paper’s lead author said in an interview.
According to the researchers,one possibility is that when the public hears about climate change threats,they may convince themselves that they have control over the situation.They will then believe that their actions may make a difference.
Knowing that everyone is able to help is only the first step.According to a study that analyzed information from 430 different studies,what motivates people the most to change their behavior is social comparison.For example,if a person’s neighbors follow a low-carbon lifestyle,such as driving electric cars,the person may feel social pressure and become more likely to follow this behavior.This happens because people usually judge their own behavior and follow social norms (规范).Another effective motivation is providing financial rewards to consumers,helping them save money.
“There are so many routes to our goals,” Matthew Goldberg,the
co-author of the study,told the media.As Goldberg pointed out,future research like this can help policymakers decide how best to encourage people towards more climate-friendly habits.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。研究表明长期接触关于气候变化的新闻不会让人变得麻木不仁,反而会激发人们强烈的社会责任感。本文主要介绍了该研究的实施、结果以及如何激发人们保护环境的行为。
(　　)4.How did the participants react to negative news in the second study
[A] They found the news unbelievable.
[B] They lost hope in tackling climate change.
[C] They experienced greater fear for the future.
[D] They felt a strong sense of social responsibility.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,在第二项研究中,参与者每天接触这些威胁性的新闻报道越多,他们就越有可能认为自己可以在应对气候变化方面发挥作用。由此可推知,参与者感到了一种强烈的社会责任感。故选D。
(　　)5.What encourages people most towards more climate-friendly behavior
[A] Effective policy. [B] Healthy lifestyle.
[C] Social influence. [D] Financial support.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,最能促使人们改变行为的是社会比较,接着作者举例来阐述这一观点,并解释这是因为人们通常会评判自己的行为并遵循社会规范。由此可知,社会影响最能鼓励人们采取更有利于气候的行为。故选C。
(　　)6.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
[A] Responses to climate change education.
[B] The effectiveness of community initiatives.
[C] The impact of social norms on the environment.
[D] Ways to encourage climate-friendly behavior.
D
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第五段的第二句和最后一句可知,第五段主要讲鼓励人们改变自己行为、激发人们气候友好行为的有效方式。故选D。
(　　)7.What is Goldberg’s attitude towards similar future research
[A] Doubtful. [B] Optimistic.
[C] Objective. [D] Indifferent.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知,未来像这样的研究可以帮助政策制定者决定如何最好地鼓励人们养成更有利于气候的习惯。由此可知,Goldberg对未来类似研究充满了希望。故选B。
C
The natural world provides humans with essential services.For instance,forests channel water into rivers that irrigate crops while their roots prevent landslides.Over decades,therefore,governments have made promises about preserving the world’s biodiversity.
However,those promises have been broken many times,which has caused the depressing destruction of the natural environment.One step towards avoiding yet more disappointment is to emphasize the close link between preserving biodiversity and the widely held goal of reaching net-zero carbon emissions.Unfortunately,less known is the link between them.
Given that biodiversity has an important role in meeting these carbon-reduction goals,you might think it would feature highly in the net-zero emissions plans.Not so.For example,faced with the tighter regulation of emissions,many companies are now channeling more time and cash into their firms’ carbon footprints reduction and energy transition,yet the plans have too little to say about biodiversity.
That needs to change.Safeguarding biodiversity is an efficient way to control carbon panies and investment firms should pay more attention to the opportunities from preserving ecosystems.By investing in biodiversity—directing capital to projects that repair an ecosystem—companies can offset (抵消) their emissions.By some estimates,projects to manage carbon-rich wetlands and to reforest cleared land could provide more than one-third of the emissions reductions that are needed to prevent more than 2℃ of global warming.
The key to managing more capital is better measurement so that the link between investment in natural projects,biodiversity and carbon is made clear.Today some so-called carbon-offset projects that involve firms paying money are questionable and not supported by evidence.Better guidelines and practice can help and so can new technology.Drones and satellites can improve the measurement of biodiversity and accounting systems can measure how spending on biodiversity compares with pouring cash into other kinds of carbon management.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了净零碳排放目标与保护生物多样性的紧密联系,但生物多样性的重要性被低估了。通过投资生物多样性,公司可以抵消它们的碳排放。自然界值得人类投资。
(　　)8.What do we know about biodiversity
[A] Its importance is undervalued.
[B] Its link with carbon emissions is clear.
[C] It is the source of carbon dioxide.
[D] It gets promised benefits from governments.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句和第二段内容可知,尽管政府做出了保护全球生物多样性的承诺,但类似的承诺似乎多次成为空头支票,导致自然环境恶化。为避免更多失望,人们需要强调保护生物多样性和达到净零碳排放目标之间的紧密联系。由此可推出,生物多样性的重要性被低估了。故选A。
(　　)9.Why is “many companies” mentioned in Paragraph 3
[A] To clarify a rule.
[B] To make a conclusion.
[C] To explain a plan.
[D] To support an opinion.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段的前两句可知,考虑到生物多样性在实现这些减碳目标方面发挥着重要作用,你可能会以为生物多样性在净零碳排放计划中被重视,其实不然。再根据第三段的最后一句可知,面对愈发严格的排放规则,现在许多公司把更多的时间和资金投入到减少公司碳足迹和能量转变方面,但很少提及生物多样性。作者通过列举“many companies”的例子,来支持上述的一个观点(生物多样性没有在净零碳排放计划中被重视)。故选D。
(　　)10.What is the benefit of safeguarding biodiversity
[A] Rebuilding wetlands.
[B] Redirecting capital.
[C] Cutting carbon emissions.
[D] Transforming energy.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句和最后一句可知,保护生物多样性有利于减少碳排放。故选C。
(　　)11.What message does the writer convey in the text
[A] The natural world deserves more investment.
[B] The key to managing capital is new regulations.
[C] It is hard to achieve net-zero carbon emissions.
[D] It is worthwhile spending money on clean energy.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了净零碳排放目标与保护生物多样性的紧密联系,但生物多样性的重要性被低估了,应将更多投资应用于保护大自然的生物多样性上。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
(2025·八省联考)
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park,which was a seaside area in Karachi.There,I would always see the same elderly lady
　1　 the pigeons (鸽子).The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in 　2　,
would gather around her before she even had a 　3　 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag.It was the same each day,part of her 　4　.
I found that 　5　 her perform this ordinary task with such
　6　 was both calming and beautiful.
On this particular evening,the lady arrived at her 　7　 spot to feed the birds.But,as she 　8　 the bench(长凳) to sit down,her necklace(项链) fell to the ground.
I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.Noticing that,I 　9　 to get it back for her.　10　,before I reached it,one of the pigeons from the 　11　 picked up the necklace,　12　 to the bench,and dropped it on her lap.
I couldn’t 　13　 my eyes.The old lady,also 　14　,began laughing quietly to herself.I was 　15　 with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章通过描述作者在公园看日落时目睹一位老妇人喂鸽子的温馨场景,以及一只鸽子捡回老妇人掉落项链的瞬间,展现了人与动物之间的和谐美好。
(　　)1.[A] feeding [B] pursuing [C] training [D] collecting
A
【解析】 根据下文“On this particular evening,the lady arrived at her
　7　 spot to feed the birds.”可知,作者总是看到同一个老妇人在喂(feeding)鸽子。故选A。
(　　)2.[A] age [B] size [C] weight [D] number
D
【解析】 根据上文“The birds,usually around 10 to 15”可知,此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量(number)。故选D。
(　　)3.[A] wish [B] chance [C] plan [D] reason
B
【解析】 根据上文“The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in 　2　,would gather around her before she even had a 　3　”和下文“to take the bag of rice out from her handbag”可知,此处描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景,应该是不等她有机会(chance)从手提包里拿出装米的袋子,鸽子就聚集起来了。
故选B。
(　　)4.[A] job [B] project [C] routine [D] dream
C
【解析】 根据上文“It was the same each day”可知,喂鸽子这件事每天都是一样的,这成了老妇人的惯例(routine)。故选C。
(　　)5.[A] watching [B] helping [C] making [D] hearing
A
【解析】 根据上文“There,I would always see the same elderly lady
　1　 the pigeons (鸽子).”可知,作者总是观看(watching)老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。
(　　)6.[A] confidence [B] enthusiasm
[C] flexibility [D] precision
B
【解析】 此处描述看着她充满热情(enthusiasm)地做这件普通的事让作者觉得既平静又美好。with enthusiasm意为“充满热情地”,是固定搭配。故选B。
(　　)7.[A] original [B] parking [C] hiding [D] usual
D
【解析】 根据上文“It was the same each day”可知,这件事每天都是一样的。由此可知,老妇人是来到常去的地方喂鸽子,usual意为“通常的,寻常的”,符合语境。故选D。
(　　)8.[A] repaired [B] approached [C] shared [D] supported
B
【解析】 根据语境可知,此处指老妇人走近长凳坐下,approach意为“靠近,接近”,符合语境。故选B。
(　　)9.[A] slipped in [B] ran away [C] got up [D] turned around
C
【解析】 根据上文“I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.”可知,作者坐在附近的草地上,等待太阳落山。由此可知,作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后,起身(got up)去帮她拿回来。故选C。
(　　)10.[A] However [B] Afterwards [C] Gradually [D] Fortunately
A
【解析】 上文说作者起身去捡项链,下文说作者捡到之前,一只鸽子把项链捡起来了,前后是转折关系。However表示转折。故选A。
(　　)11.[A] sea [B] tree [C] pair [D] group
D
【解析】 根据上文“The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in 　2　,would gather around her”可知,这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群(group)鸽子中的一只。
故选D。
(　　)12.[A] walked [B] stuck [C] pointed [D] flew
D
【解析】 根据上文“one of the pigeons”和下文“dropped it on her lap”可知,鸽子应该是飞(flew)向长凳,把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。
(　　)13.[A] lift [B] cover [C] believe [D] close
C
【解析】 根据上文“before I reached it,one of the pigeons from the
　11　 picked up the necklace,　12　 to the bench,and dropped it on her lap”可知,看到老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链,这让作者觉得很惊讶,此处表示作者不敢相信(believe)自己的眼睛。
故选C。
(　　)14.[A] satisfied [B] surprised [C] annoyed [D] frightened
B
【解析】 根据上文“also”可知,看到自己经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链,老妇人也和作者一样感到非常惊讶(surprised)。故选B。
(　　)15.[A] caught [B] hit [C] left [D] met
C
【解析】 根据下文“with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset”可知,作者见到这一情景,脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。be left with意为“留下,剩下”,此处表示作者脸上留下了这样的表情。故选C。

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