选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 课件(共52张)+练习(含解析)--2026届高考英语译林版(2019)一轮复习

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选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 课件(共52张)+练习(含解析)--2026届高考英语译林版(2019)一轮复习

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Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Teen volunteer opportunities are the best way to learn the values of responsibility and enhance problem-solving skills.Here are four volunteer opportunities for you to take up.
Care for pets
Animal shelters and homeless shelters are the best places for animal lovers.A typical day volunteering at an animal shelter would involve helping with the adoption process, feeding animals and cleaning up after animals.
Participate in a beach cleanup
Teens can associate with a local environmental organisation for a beach preservation.This is a great way to learn about ecology and contribute to its improvement in a hands-on manner.The opportunity involves outdoor activities and is a good platform to connect with green advocates.
Volunteer at a summer camp
A job as a “Counsellor-in-Training” is a great fit for teens.It teaches them organisation skills by training under experts.Teenagers can learn communication skills and benefit from the real-time feedback from children and parents.It is also an excellent opportunity to learn outdoor support skills, such as CPR and first aid.
Volunteer at a local hospital
Local hospitals are always on the lookout for a helping hand.Whether it’s chatting with residents, greeting visitors or transporting patients to the cafeteria, a little help goes a long way! A few hospitals may have an age limit and require volunteers to get basic training and commit their time each week.
(  )1.Which volunteer opportunity suits environmentalists best
[A] Care for pets. [B] Volunteer at a local hospital.
[C] Participate in a beach cleanup. [D] Volunteer at a summer camp.
(  )2.What can volunteers benefit from a job at a summer camp
[A] They can receive guidance from biologists.
[B] They can progress in academic performance.
[C] They can gain independence in outdoor activities.
[D] They can learn essential emergency medical skills.
(  )3.What is special about volunteering at a local hospital
[A] It welcomes volunteers of all ages. [B] It may call for weekly time devotion.
[C] It may involve interactions with doctors. [D] It demands training before volunteering.
B
I was surprised to find the congestion (拥塞) outside Layla’s primary school was unusually absent—I’d driven right into a parking space, and I was on time, for once.The school bell rang, and in a moment a stream of children made their way through the gate.But something was different—the kids were piling into vehicles in threes and fours.
Before I could enquire my daughter Layla, Mr Trent, the deputy head, approached.“Mrs Pavis, did you not read our letters ” Letters What letters I had a history of not looking out for them, and not reading them in most cases.“The letter Of course.It must have just slipped my mind—I’ve been away with work.”
Now I was digging around in Layla’s messy schoolbag at home.Eventually, I found several letters, all addressing the same topic—parking outside the school gates.Apparently with some parents parking illegally, the police were about to get involved.“Why didn’t you give me these letters ” I demanded.Layla shrugged,“I forgot.” I was about to launch into a severe lecture when it occurred to me that I had always forgotten—I had forgotten to give Layla her money for lunch that morning and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes.
I contained myself and figured out that they wanted the parents to car-pool (拼车).I spent the next half hour ringing round Layla’s friends’ parents, enquiring if they would like to car-pool with us.Unfortunately, they were all sorted.It was my own fault—I should have read those letters ages ago.“Er...I overheard others talking about it,” Layla said. “They said they didn’t know who would car-pool with us, because we’re always late.” I flushed instantly.
I resolved to change.With responsibility for my kids, I find I am never, ever late.It’s good for Layla and for her older brothers, and it’s good for me, because now I never leave the house unprepared.I’ve even started checking the kids’ schoolbags for notes from school.
(  )4.What did the author notice when the school was over
[A] It was hard to find a parking space. [B] Children were picked up in groups.
[C] Her daughter was absent from class. [D] She arrived much earlier than others.
(  )5.What stopped the author criticising her daughter
[A] The reflection of her daily routine. [B] The realisation of her carelessness.
[C] The knowledge of her kid’s character. [D] The awareness of her kid’s depression.
(  )6.Why did others refuse to car-pool with them according to Layla
[A] Because they contacted them late. [B] Because they failed to keep the house tidy.
[C] Because they couldn’t be on time. [D] Because they ignored the school’s request.
(  )7.What can we learn from the passage
[A] Action creates motivation. [B] Mother’s love never changes.
[C] It’s never too late to mend. [D] Patience is the key to success.
C
Virtue, by definition, is the moral excellence of a person.Morally excellent people have a character made up of virtues valued as good.They are honest, respectful, generous, forgiving and kind, for example.They do the right thing, and don’t bend to impulses, urges or desires, but act according to values and principles.Some might say good qualities are inborn.Actually, virtues need to be cultivated.With the habit of being virtuous, we can take control of our lives and move them in the direction of greater happiness and fulfillment.
Virtues are universal and recognised by all cultures as basic qualities of well-being.
However, practicing virtues is not easy.So often we know that it takes perseverance to reach our goals, and we still never get there.We know that if we forgive, we’ll be less angry.We know it takes courage to accomplish great things.So why then, if we know what to do, are we still stuck
We have not yet consciously applied a virtue to a given situation so as to change its outcome such as in these examples: kindness towards someone who is having a bad day can make him or her smile and build rapport; trust in a relationship creates valuable, meaningful relationships; gratitude for a job loss can shift our focus from feeling low to how we can have a more fulfilling career; service to others can change lives, better neighbourhoods and create stronger nations.
We know we are becoming more virtuous people, not only because of the results above but also because of the way other people respond to us.Our friends, families, co-workers, and neighbours will trust and rely on us.They will come to us for guidance and help.They will want to be around us because we inspire them to be better people.Practicing virtues allows us to develop our potential, and live a more purposeful, better life.
(  )8.What can we know about virtuous people from the first paragraph
[A] They are born with virtue. [B] They never make a mistake.
[C] They tend to do the right thing. [D] They act on the principle of profit.
(  )9.What is the second paragraph mainly about
[A] Satisfying careers. [B] Practicing virtues.
[C] Trust in a relationship. [D] Basic qualities of well-being.
(  )10.What does the underlined word “rapport” mean in the third paragraph
[A] A good greeting. [B] A great atmosphere.
[C] A good goodbye. [D] A close relationship.
(  )11.What is the author’s purpose in the last paragraph
[A] To encourage readers to be more virtuous.
[B] To encourage readers to live a purposeful life.
[C] To encourage readers to offer others guidance.
[D] To encourage readers to develop others’ potential.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
I had always been warmly praised for my basketball shooting ability when I was in high school.But when I went to Ohio State, I discovered that everyone on the team was 1  in his hometown.
To win a starting job on the team, I had figured I would have to 2  the coach with my shooting ability.But it turned out that the team was  3  full of attacking players and what it needed was someone to  4  on defence (防守).Unwillingly, I decided to take that role, but didn’t expect the  5  was to make all the difference to me later.
One day, when we were 6  a game against the Bucks, I was called out by the coach, Milwaukee, who gave me the  7  to guard our court (球场).Though feeling a bit  8 , I accepted.Throughout the game, I continued playing the defence role.
Then, near the end of the game, in a(n) 9  to widen the score gap, Milwaukee gave me a precious  10 .He asked me to organise an attack.Running to the center of the court, I
 11  the ball.It was a  12  three-point play and the championship was ours.
Standing there in that circle of cheering audience, I came to 13  the importance of teamwork.Just as Milwaukee said, “ 14  teams often have one or two players who stand out; good teams have five who work together.It is amazing what can be achieved when no one cares who gets the  15 .”
(  )1.[A] ordinary [B] anxious [C] excellent [D] inexperienced
(  )2.[A] help [B] equip [C] bless [D] impress
(  )3.[A] lately [B] already [C] generally [D] eventually
(  )4.[A] wait [B] call [C] focus [D] rely
(  )5.[A] decision [B] approach [C] comment [D] problem
(  )6.[A] looking for [B] calling for [C] applying for [D] preparing for
(  )7.[A] turn [B] responsibility [C] comfort [D] potential
(  )8.[A] cheerful [B] satisfied [C] frightened [D] disappointed
(  )9.[A] mood [B] rush [C] attempt [D] position
(  )10.[A] lesson [B] method [C] opportunity [D] suggestion
(  )11.[A] kicked [B] held [C] caught [D] shot
(  )12.[A] key [B] rare [C] typical [D] possible
(  )13.[A] wish [B] realise [C] advise [D] achieve
(  )14.[A] Poor [B] Professional [C] Native [D] Capable
(  )15.[A] present [B] honour [C] support [D] income
Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility(解析版)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Teen volunteer opportunities are the best way to learn the values of responsibility and enhance problem-solving skills.Here are four volunteer opportunities for you to take up.
Care for pets
Animal shelters and homeless shelters are the best places for animal lovers.A typical day volunteering at an animal shelter would involve helping with the adoption process, feeding animals and cleaning up after animals.
Participate in a beach cleanup
Teens can associate with a local environmental organisation for a beach preservation.This is a great way to learn about ecology and contribute to its improvement in a hands-on manner.The opportunity involves outdoor activities and is a good platform to connect with green advocates.
Volunteer at a summer camp
A job as a “Counsellor-in-Training” is a great fit for teens.It teaches them organisation skills by training under experts.Teenagers can learn communication skills and benefit from the real-time feedback from children and parents.It is also an excellent opportunity to learn outdoor support skills, such as CPR and first aid.
Volunteer at a local hospital
Local hospitals are always on the lookout for a helping hand.Whether it’s chatting with residents, greeting visitors or transporting patients to the cafeteria, a little help goes a long way! A few hospitals may have an age limit and require volunteers to get basic training and commit their time each week.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四种适合青少年的志愿者服务机会。
(  )1.Which volunteer opportunity suits environmentalists best
[A] Care for pets. [B] Volunteer at a local hospital.
[C] Participate in a beach cleanup. [D] Volunteer at a summer camp.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Participate in a beach cleanup中的前两句可知,参加海滩清理活动最适合环境保护主义者。故选C。
(  )2.What can volunteers benefit from a job at a summer camp
[A] They can receive guidance from biologists.
[B] They can progress in academic performance.
[C] They can gain independence in outdoor activities.
[D] They can learn essential emergency medical skills.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Volunteer at a summer camp中的“Teenagers can learn communication skills...such as CPR and first aid.”可知,在夏令营做志愿者可以学习基本的紧急医疗技能。故选D。
(  )3.What is special about volunteering at a local hospital
[A] It welcomes volunteers of all ages. [B] It may call for weekly time devotion.
[C] It may involve interactions with doctors. [D] It demands training before volunteering.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可知,在当地医院做志愿者的特殊之处是可能需要每周投入时间。故选B。
B
I was surprised to find the congestion (拥塞) outside Layla’s primary school was unusually absent—I’d driven right into a parking space, and I was on time, for once.The school bell rang, and in a moment a stream of children made their way through the gate.But something was different—the kids were piling into vehicles in threes and fours.
Before I could enquire my daughter Layla, Mr Trent, the deputy head, approached.“Mrs Pavis, did you not read our letters ” Letters What letters I had a history of not looking out for them, and not reading them in most cases.“The letter Of course.It must have just slipped my mind—I’ve been away with work.”
Now I was digging around in Layla’s messy schoolbag at home.Eventually, I found several letters, all addressing the same topic—parking outside the school gates.Apparently with some parents parking illegally, the police were about to get involved.“Why didn’t you give me these letters ” I demanded.Layla shrugged,“I forgot.” I was about to launch into a severe lecture when it occurred to me that I had always forgotten—I had forgotten to give Layla her money for lunch that morning and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes.
I contained myself and figured out that they wanted the parents to car-pool (拼车).I spent the next half hour ringing round Layla’s friends’ parents, enquiring if they would like to car-pool with us.Unfortunately, they were all sorted.It was my own fault—I should have read those letters ages ago.“Er...I overheard others talking about it,” Layla said. “They said they didn’t know who would car-pool with us, because we’re always late.” I flushed instantly.
I resolved to change.With responsibility for my kids, I find I am never, ever late.It’s good for Layla and for her older brothers, and it’s good for me, because now I never leave the house unprepared.I’ve even started checking the kids’ schoolbags for notes from school.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现自己在参与孩子的生活中非常粗心大意,最终决心改变,承担起了对孩子的责任。
(  )4.What did the author notice when the school was over
[A] It was hard to find a parking space. [B] Children were picked up in groups.
[C] Her daughter was absent from class. [D] She arrived much earlier than others.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The school bell rang...piling into vehicles in threes and fours.”可知,放学后作者注意到了孩子们被成群地接走。故选B。
(  )5.What stopped the author criticising her daughter
[A] The reflection of her daily routine. [B] The realisation of her carelessness.
[C] The knowledge of her kid’s character. [D] The awareness of her kid’s depression.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I was about to launch into...and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes.”可知,意识到自己的粗心大意阻止了作者批评她的女儿。故选B。
(  )6.Why did others refuse to car-pool with them according to Layla
[A] Because they contacted them late. [B] Because they failed to keep the house tidy.
[C] Because they couldn’t be on time. [D] Because they ignored the school’s request.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Er...I overheard others talking about...because we’re always late.’”可知,根据Layla的说法,其他人拒绝与他们拼车是因为他们不能准时。故选C。
(  )7.What can we learn from the passage
[A] Action creates motivation. [B] Mother’s love never changes.
[C] It’s never too late to mend. [D] Patience is the key to success.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容,再结合文章内容可知,文章主要讲述了作者在意识到自己的粗心大意后决心改变,承担起对孩子的责任,再也没有迟到过。可推知,文章告诉我们“亡羊补牢,犹未晚也”的道理。故选C。
C
Virtue, by definition, is the moral excellence of a person.Morally excellent people have a character made up of virtues valued as good.They are honest, respectful, generous, forgiving and kind, for example.They do the right thing, and don’t bend to impulses, urges or desires, but act according to values and principles.Some might say good qualities are inborn.Actually, virtues need to be cultivated.With the habit of being virtuous, we can take control of our lives and move them in the direction of greater happiness and fulfillment.
Virtues are universal and recognised by all cultures as basic qualities of well-being.
However, practicing virtues is not easy.So often we know that it takes perseverance to reach our goals, and we still never get there.We know that if we forgive, we’ll be less angry.We know it takes courage to accomplish great things.So why then, if we know what to do, are we still stuck
We have not yet consciously applied a virtue to a given situation so as to change its outcome such as in these examples: kindness towards someone who is having a bad day can make him or her smile and build rapport; trust in a relationship creates valuable, meaningful relationships; gratitude for a job loss can shift our focus from feeling low to how we can have a more fulfilling career; service to others can change lives, better neighbourhoods and create stronger nations.
We know we are becoming more virtuous people, not only because of the results above but also because of the way other people respond to us.Our friends, families, co-workers, and neighbours will trust and rely on us.They will come to us for guidance and help.They will want to be around us because we inspire them to be better people.Practicing virtues allows us to develop our potential, and live a more purposeful, better life.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要讲述了践行美德能让我们开发自己的潜能,过上更有意义、更好的生活。
(  )8.What can we know about virtuous people from the first paragraph
[A] They are born with virtue. [B] They never make a mistake.
[C] They tend to do the right thing. [D] They act on the principle of profit.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知,道德高尚的人倾向于做正确的事。故选C。
(  )9.What is the second paragraph mainly about
[A] Satisfying careers. [B] Practicing virtues.
[C] Trust in a relationship. [D] Basic qualities of well-being.
【答案】 B
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第二段的第二句和最后一句可知,本段主要讲的是践行美德并非易事,需要坚持。此段与践行美德有关。故选B。
(  )10.What does the underlined word “rapport” mean in the third paragraph
[A] A good greeting. [B] A great atmosphere.
[C] A good goodbye. [D] A close relationship.
【答案】 D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词前面的“kindness towards someone who is having a bad day can make him or her smile and build”可知,此处是指对那些经历糟糕的一天的人表达善意,可以让他或她微笑,从而建立“融洽的关系”,所以画线词意为“融洽关系”。故选D。
(  )11.What is the author’s purpose in the last paragraph
[A] To encourage readers to be more virtuous.
[B] To encourage readers to live a purposeful life.
[C] To encourage readers to offer others guidance.
[D] To encourage readers to develop others’ potential.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知,践行美德可以让我们开发自己的潜力,过上更有意义、更好的生活,故可推断出最后一段作者的目的是鼓励人们践行美德。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
I had always been warmly praised for my basketball shooting ability when I was in high school.But when I went to Ohio State, I discovered that everyone on the team was 1  in his hometown.
To win a starting job on the team, I had figured I would have to 2  the coach with my shooting ability.But it turned out that the team was  3  full of attacking players and what it needed was someone to  4  on defence (防守).Unwillingly, I decided to take that role, but didn’t expect the  5  was to make all the difference to me later.
One day, when we were 6  a game against the Bucks, I was called out by the coach, Milwaukee, who gave me the  7  to guard our court (球场).Though feeling a bit  8 , I accepted.Throughout the game, I continued playing the defence role.
Then, near the end of the game, in a(n) 9  to widen the score gap, Milwaukee gave me a precious  10 .He asked me to organise an attack.Running to the center of the court, I
 11  the ball.It was a  12  three-point play and the championship was ours.
Standing there in that circle of cheering audience, I came to 13  the importance of teamwork.Just as Milwaukee said, “ 14  teams often have one or two players who stand out; good teams have five who work together.It is amazing what can be achieved when no one cares who gets the  15 .”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过参加的一场篮球比赛意识到:好的球队需要所有队员的团队精神,这样才能取得胜利。
(  )1.[A] ordinary [B] anxious [C] excellent [D] inexperienced
【答案】 C
【解析】 此处是指队友们在各自的家乡都是很优秀的(excellent)。故选C。
(  )2.[A] help [B] equip [C] bless [D] impress
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“the coach with my shooting ability”可知,作者想用自己的实力给教练留下好印象,impress“给……留下好印象”,符合题意。故选D。
(  )3.[A] lately [B] already [C] generally [D] eventually
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“full of attacking players and  3  on defence(防守)”可知,队里面需要的是防守型球员,所以进攻型球员应该已经(already)满了。故选B。
(  )4.[A] wait [B] call [C] focus [D] rely
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“the team was ... full of attacking players”可知,这支球队的进攻型球员已经满了,所以他们需要的应该是一个专注于(focus on)防守的人。故选C。
(  )5.[A] decision [B] approach [C] comment [D] problem
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“I decided to take that role”可知,这里指作者做的这个决定(decision)。故选A。
(  )6.[A] looking for [B] calling for [C] applying for [D] preparing for
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“a game against the Bucks, I was called out by the coach”可知,作者被教练喊出去应该是在他们准备(preparing for)与另一支球队比赛期间。故选D。
(  )7.[A] turn [B] responsibility [C] comfort [D] potential
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“to guard our court”可知,教练给作者的应该是在场上主防的任务(responsibility)。故选B。
(  )8.[A] cheerful [B] satisfied [C] frightened [D] disappointed
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“Unwillingly, I decided to take that role”可知,作者本来就不愿意做防守球员,所以有些失望(disappointed)。故选D。
(  )9.[A] mood [B] rush [C] attempt [D] position
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“to widen the score gap”可知,此处指教练想要在比赛快结束时拉开分差。in an attempt to do “试图……”,符合题意。故选C。
(  )10.[A] lesson [B] method [C] opportunity [D] suggestion
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“He asked me to organise an attack.”可知,这是教练给作者的一次进攻的机会(opportunity)。故选C。
(  )11.[A] kicked [B] held [C] caught [D] shot
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“It was a  12  three-point play”可知,作者把球运到中圈附近,然后投(shot)篮。故选D。
(  )12.[A] key [B] rare [C] typical [D] possible
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“the championship was ours”可知,作者这一投决定了他们获得冠军,所以是很关键的(key)一球。故选A。
(  )13.[A] wish [B] realise [C] advise [D] achieve
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“the importance of teamwork”可知,这是作者意识到(realise)的内容。故选B。
(  )14.[A] Poor [B] Professional [C] Native [D] Capable
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“good teams have five who work together”可知,这是把好的球队和差的(Poor)球队相对比。故选A。
(  )15.[A] present [B] honour [C] support [D] income
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“good teams have five who work together”可知,好的球队里面,每个队员都很有团队精神,所以都不会在意谁获得荣誉(honour)。故选B。
(

7

)(共52张PPT)
Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility
(限时:35分钟 总分:42.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Teen volunteer opportunities are the best way to learn the values of responsibility and enhance problem-solving skills.Here are four volunteer opportunities for you to take up.
Care for pets
Animal shelters and homeless shelters are the best places for animal lovers.A typical day volunteering at an animal shelter would involve helping with the adoption process, feeding animals and cleaning up after animals.
Participate in a beach cleanup
Teens can associate with a local environmental organisation for a beach preservation.This is a great way to learn about ecology and contribute to its improvement in a hands-on manner.The opportunity involves outdoor activities and is a good platform to connect with green advocates.
Volunteer at a summer camp
A job as a “Counsellor-in-Training” is a great fit for teens.It teaches them organisation skills by training under experts.Teenagers can learn communication skills and benefit from the real-time feedback from children and parents.It is also an excellent opportunity to learn outdoor support skills, such as CPR and first aid.
Volunteer at a local hospital
Local hospitals are always on the lookout for a helping hand.Whether it’s chatting with residents, greeting visitors or transporting patients to the cafeteria, a little help goes a long way! A few hospitals may have an age limit and require volunteers to get basic training and commit their time each week.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四种适合青少年的志愿者服务机会。
(  )1.Which volunteer opportunity suits environmentalists best
[A] Care for pets. [B] Volunteer at a local hospital.
[C] Participate in a beach cleanup. [D] Volunteer at a summer camp.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Participate in a beach cleanup中的前两句可知,参加海滩清理活动最适合环境保护主义者。故选C。
(  )2.What can volunteers benefit from a job at a summer camp
[A] They can receive guidance from biologists.
[B] They can progress in academic performance.
[C] They can gain independence in outdoor activities.
[D] They can learn essential emergency medical skills.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Volunteer at a summer camp中的“Teenagers can learn communication skills...such as CPR and first aid.”可知,在夏令营做志愿者可以学习基本的紧急医疗技能。故选D。
(  )3.What is special about volunteering at a local hospital
[A] It welcomes volunteers of all ages.
[B] It may call for weekly time devotion.
[C] It may involve interactions with doctors.
[D] It demands training before volunteering.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可知,在当地医院做志愿者的特殊之处是可能需要每周投入时间。故选B。
B
I was surprised to find the congestion (拥塞) outside Layla’s primary school was unusually absent—I’d driven right into a parking space, and I was on time, for once.The school bell rang, and in a moment a stream of children made their way through the gate.But something was different—the kids were piling into vehicles in threes and fours.
Before I could enquire my daughter Layla, Mr Trent, the deputy head, approached.“Mrs Pavis, did you not read our letters ” Letters What letters I had a history of not looking out for them, and not reading them in most cases.“The letter Of course.It must have just slipped my mind—I’ve been away with work.”
Now I was digging around in Layla’s messy schoolbag at home.
Eventually, I found several letters, all addressing the same topic—parking outside the school gates.Apparently with some parents parking illegally, the police were about to get involved.“Why didn’t you give me these letters ” I demanded.Layla shrugged,“I forgot.” I was about to launch into a severe lecture when it occurred to me that I had always forgotten—I had forgotten to give Layla her money for lunch that morning and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes.
I contained myself and figured out that they wanted the parents to car-pool (拼车).I spent the next half hour ringing round Layla’s friends’ parents, enquiring if they would like to car-pool with us.Unfortunately, they were all sorted.It was my own fault—I should have read those letters ages ago.“Er...I overheard others talking about it,” Layla said. “They said they didn’t know who would car-pool with us, because we’re always late.” I flushed instantly.
I resolved to change.With responsibility for my kids, I find I am never, ever late.It’s good for Layla and for her older brothers, and it’s good for me, because now I never leave the house unprepared.I’ve even started checking the kids’ schoolbags for notes from school.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现自己在参与孩子的生活中非常粗心大意,最终决心改变,承担起了对孩子的责任。
(  )4.What did the author notice when the school was over
[A] It was hard to find a parking space.
[B] Children were picked up in groups.
[C] Her daughter was absent from class.
[D] She arrived much earlier than others.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The school bell rang...piling into vehicles in threes and fours.”可知,放学后作者注意到了孩子们被成群地接走。故选B。
(  )5.What stopped the author criticising her daughter
[A] The reflection of her daily routine.
[B] The realisation of her carelessness.
[C] The knowledge of her kid’s character.
[D] The awareness of her kid’s depression.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I was about to launch into...and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes.”可知,意识到自己的粗心大意阻止了作者批评她的女儿。故选B。
(  )6.Why did others refuse to car-pool with them according to Layla
[A] Because they contacted them late.
[B] Because they failed to keep the house tidy.
[C] Because they couldn’t be on time.
[D] Because they ignored the school’s request.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Er...I overheard others talking about...because we’re always late.’”可知,根据Layla的说法,其他人拒绝与他们拼车是因为他们不能准时。故选C。
(  )7.What can we learn from the passage
[A] Action creates motivation. [B] Mother’s love never changes.
[C] It’s never too late to mend. [D] Patience is the key to success.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容,再结合文章内容可知,文章主要讲述了作者在意识到自己的粗心大意后决心改变,承担起对孩子的责任,再也没有迟到过。可推知,文章告诉我们“亡羊补牢,犹未晚也”的道理。故
选C。
C
Virtue, by definition, is the moral excellence of a person.Morally excellent people have a character made up of virtues valued as good.They are honest, respectful, generous, forgiving and kind, for example.They do the right thing, and don’t bend to impulses, urges or desires, but act according to values and principles.Some might say good qualities are inborn.Actually, virtues need to be cultivated.With the habit of being virtuous, we can take control of our lives and move them in the direction of greater happiness and fulfillment.
Virtues are universal and recognised by all cultures as basic qualities of well-being.However, practicing virtues is not easy.So often we know that it takes perseverance to reach our goals, and we still never get there.We know that if we forgive, we’ll be less angry.We know it takes courage to accomplish great things.So why then, if we know what to do, are we still stuck
We have not yet consciously applied a virtue to a given situation so as to change its outcome such as in these examples: kindness towards someone who is having a bad day can make him or her smile and build rapport; trust in a relationship creates valuable, meaningful relationships; gratitude for a job loss can shift our focus from feeling low to how we can have a more fulfilling career; service to others can change lives, better neighbourhoods and create stronger nations.
We know we are becoming more virtuous people, not only because of the results above but also because of the way other people respond to us.Our friends, families, co-workers, and neighbours will trust and rely on us.They will come to us for guidance and help.They will want to be around us because we inspire them to be better people.Practicing virtues allows us to develop our potential, and live a more purposeful, better life.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要讲述了践行美德能让我们开发自己的潜能,过上更有意义、更好的生活。
(  )8.What can we know about virtuous people from the first paragraph
[A] They are born with virtue.
[B] They never make a mistake.
[C] They tend to do the right thing.
[D] They act on the principle of profit.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知,道德高尚的人倾向于做正确的事。故选C。
(  )9.What is the second paragraph mainly about
[A] Satisfying careers. [B] Practicing virtues.
[C] Trust in a relationship. [D] Basic qualities of well-being.
B
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第二段的第二句和最后一句可知,本段主要讲的是践行美德并非易事,需要坚持。此段与践行美德有关。故选B。
(  )10.What does the underlined word “rapport” mean in the third paragraph
[A] A good greeting. [B] A great atmosphere.
[C] A good goodbye. [D] A close relationship.
D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词前面的“kindness towards someone who is having a bad day can make him or her smile and build”可知,此处是指对那些经历糟糕的一天的人表达善意,可以让他或她微笑,从而建立“融洽的关系”,所以画线词意为“融洽关系”。故选D。
(  )11.What is the author’s purpose in the last paragraph
[A] To encourage readers to be more virtuous.
[B] To encourage readers to live a purposeful life.
[C] To encourage readers to offer others guidance.
[D] To encourage readers to develop others’ potential.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知,践行美德可以让我们开发自己的潜力,过上更有意义、更好的生活,故可推断出最后一段作者的目的是鼓励人们践行美德。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
I had always been warmly praised for my basketball shooting ability when I was in high school.But when I went to Ohio State, I discovered that everyone on the team was 1  in his hometown.
To win a starting job on the team, I had figured I would have to
 2  the coach with my shooting ability.But it turned out that the team was
 3  full of attacking players and what it needed was someone to  4  on defence (防守).Unwillingly, I decided to take that role, but didn’t expect the
 5  was to make all the difference to me later.
One day, when we were 6  a game against the Bucks, I was called out by the coach, Milwaukee, who gave me the  7  to guard our court (球场).Though feeling a bit  8 , I accepted.Throughout the game, I continued playing the defence role.
Then, near the end of the game, in a(n) 9  to widen the score gap, Milwaukee gave me a precious  10 .He asked me to organise an attack.
Running to the center of the court, I  11  the ball.It was a  12  three-point play and the championship was ours.
Standing there in that circle of cheering audience, I came to
 13  the importance of teamwork.Just as Milwaukee said, “ 14  teams often have one or two players who stand out; good teams have five who work together.It is amazing what can be achieved when no one cares who gets the
 15 .”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过参加的一场篮球比赛意识到:好的球队需要所有队员的团队精神,这样才能取得胜利。
(  )1.[A] ordinary [B] anxious [C] excellent [D] inexperienced
C
【解析】 此处是指队友们在各自的家乡都是很优秀的(excellent)。故选C。
(  )2.[A] help [B] equip [C] bless [D] impress
D
【解析】 根据下文“the coach with my shooting ability”可知,作者想用自己的实力给教练留下好印象,impress“给……留下好印象”,符合题意。故选D。
(  )3.[A] lately [B] already [C] generally [D] eventually
B
【解析】 根据下文“full of attacking players and  3  on defence(防守)”可知,队里面需要的是防守型球员,所以进攻型球员应该已经(already)满了。故选B。
(  )4.[A] wait [B] call [C] focus [D] rely
C
【解析】 根据上文“the team was ... full of attacking players”可知,这支球队的进攻型球员已经满了,所以他们需要的应该是一个专注于(focus on)防守的人。故选C。
(  )5.[A] decision [B] approach [C] comment [D] problem
A
【解析】 根据上文“I decided to take that role”可知,这里指作者做的这个决定(decision)。故选A。
(  )6.[A] looking for [B] calling for [C] applying for [D] preparing for
D
【解析】 根据下文“a game against the Bucks, I was called out by the coach”可知,作者被教练喊出去应该是在他们准备(preparing for)与另一支球队比赛期间。故选D。
(  )7.[A] turn [B] responsibility [C] comfort [D] potential
B
【解析】 根据下文“to guard our court”可知,教练给作者的应该是在场上主防的任务(responsibility)。故选B。
(  )8.[A] cheerful [B] satisfied [C] frightened [D] disappointed
D
【解析】 根据上文“Unwillingly, I decided to take that role”可知,作者本来就不愿意做防守球员,所以有些失望(disappointed)。故选D。
(  )9.[A] mood [B] rush [C] attempt [D] position
C
【解析】 根据下文“to widen the score gap”可知,此处指教练想要在比赛快结束时拉开分差。in an attempt to do “试图……”,符合题意。故选C。
(  )10.[A] lesson [B] method [C] opportunity [D] suggestion
C
【解析】 根据下文“He asked me to organise an attack.”可知,这是教练给作者的一次进攻的机会(opportunity)。故选C。
(  )11.[A] kicked [B] held [C] caught [D] shot
D
【解析】 根据下文“It was a  12  three-point play”可知,作者把球运到中圈附近,然后投(shot)篮。故选D。
(  )12.[A] key [B] rare [C] typical [D] possible
A
【解析】 根据下文“the championship was ours”可知,作者这一投决定了他们获得冠军,所以是很关键的(key)一球。故选A。
(  )13.[A] wish [B] realise [C] advise [D] achieve
B
【解析】 根据下文“the importance of teamwork”可知,这是作者意识到(realise)的内容。故选B。
(  )14.[A] Poor [B] Professional [C] Native [D] Capable
A
【解析】 根据下文“good teams have five who work together”可知,这是把好的球队和差的(Poor)球队相对比。故选A。
(  )15.[A] present [B] honour [C] support [D] income
B
【解析】 根据上文“good teams have five who work together”可知,好的球队里面,每个队员都很有团队精神,所以都不会在意谁获得荣誉(honour)。故选B。

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