资源简介

Unit 2　Understanding each other
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
In today’s world, the ability to work harmoniously with other people is a good way of marking yourself off from everybody else.While teamwork may offer the chance to blame others for your mistakes, you can never blame them for your failings as a teammate.In any case, working out where to apportion blame is not a good way to approach membership of any new team.Instead, get to know one another, so you can build up a shared identity and combine your strengths.Find out each other’s values, weaknesses, and past achievements.
Don’t shy away from conflicts but work out how to deal with them.Humour can be good glue, so have a laugh together.
Before settling down to business, it’s important to establish ground rules.First, make sure you all share the same concept of time.Then, work out how you are going to make and communicate decisions.These are probably best made at a formal meeting and communicated by e-mail.You must also agree on who will be responsible for making decisions.
Even if you have decided that decisions don’t have to be unanimous (一致的), it is important that every team member should be kept involved, including those who always disagree with the majority view, rarely say a word, or have a strange haircut.
Once you’ve got your rules of engagement, define what you want to achieve, and set the deadline.Work out what you have to do before the time is up to do it.The team must assign roles according to everyone’s individual skills.Remember that every task is equally important.
Whatever your role, it is important to keep a record of what has been decided at each stage and what each member of the team has contributed.Then, when the task is over, you can review how well it went.
(　　)1.What does the author stress at the beginning of the text
[A] The importance of personal ability. [B] The importance of cooperation.
[C] The importance of equality. [D] The importance of humour.
(　　)2.What does the underlined phrase “apportion blame” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
[A] Say who should be blamed. [B] Find out the causes of mistakes.
[C] Get all the blame for mistakes. [D] Shoulder the responsibility.
(　　)3.Which of the following is the advice given by the author in the text
[A] Try your best not to make mistakes.
[B] It is better to make decisions at an informal meeting.
[C] Those who seldom express their opinions can be ignored.
[D] Roles should be assigned according to everyone’s individual skills.
(　　)4.What is the text mainly about
[A] The art of doing well in exams. [B] The art of dealing with conflicts.
[C] The art of making decisions. [D] The art of working in team.
B
Many people have participated in lots of virtual meetings these years.Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree.A new study,though,suggests otherwise.
In the study,602 participants were randomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a product.They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually.The pairs were then ranked by assessing their total number of ideas,as well as those concepts’ degree of novelty,and asked to submit their best idea.Among the groups,virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas,suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas.The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.
“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks.“Unlike other forms of virtual communication,like phone calls or e-mail,videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well,so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation.”
When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms,the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire scene.Eyeing one’s whole environment and noticing the random objects were associated with increased idea generation.On platforms,the screen occupies our interactions.Our look wavers less.“Looking away might come across as rude,” said Brucks,“so we have to look at the screen because that is the defined context of the interaction,the same way we wouldn’t walk to another room while talking to someone in person.”
Like most educators,Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years,and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well.Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often,rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom.Brucks found that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera,for her students felt “freer” and more creative when asked to do so.And this may be sound advice for the workplace.
Virtual teamwork can’t replace face-to-face teamwork.Idea selection proficiency is only valuable if you have strong options to select from,and face-to-face teams are the best means to generate winning options.Perhaps the workplace will find a compromise—a sweet spot in the middle that balances working from both home and office.
(　　)5.What does the underlined word “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
[A] Shake. [B] Revise. [C] Challenge. [D] Strengthen.
(　　)6.At first,what might lead researcher Melanie Brucks think
[A] Videoconferencing can’t compare with in-person communication.
[B] Participants should make eye contact in an online meeting.
[C] The feedback from companies seems questionable.
[D] Creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts.
(　　)7.What can we learn about Brucks’ class
[A] Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up.
[B] Her students progressed in focusing attention.
[C] Her students took advantage of virtual learning.
[D] Her students displayed talent for public speaking.
(　　)8.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
[A] Interacting Virtually Impacts Working Participation
[B] Maintaining Teamwork Improves Idea Generation
[C] Grouping Randomly Increases Productivity
[D] Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Learning how to apologise is similar to learning any new behaviour.It may feel awkward and may not be polished at first.1.　　　 There are several tips that will help you as you learn how to apologise.
First of all, wait until you’re in the right time and at the right place.Although public apology is often appropriate, discretion (谨慎) should be used.2.　　　 Remember, you will be raising a topic that may recall a bad experience or bad feelings.Be respectful as you approach this task.
Be direct and brief in your approach.Acknowledge the fact that injury has occurred and then take responsibility for what happened.Be sincere in expressing your regret and demonstrate your willingness to take responsibility for the situation.3.　　
Even if you follow these steps, be prepared for rejection.Sometimes, the person who apologises has an expectation that the apology will lead to immediate forgiveness and acceptance.4.　　　 If you think of the offense (冒犯) as an emotional bruise (瘀伤), think of the healing process as the colour changes we see as a bruise heals.
5.　　　 Knowing when to keep one’s mouth shut is a virtue.Keeping quiet may be very difficult, as post-apology listening is not easy.We may hear unpleasant observations from another about our own shortcomings.We may hear the expression of anger.One of the ways we let others know we are truly responsible and accountable for our mistakes is to listen to the other party pour out the feelings associated with our actions.
A.Forgiveness and acceptance may take time.
B.To give or receive a good apology is an art.
C.But with practice, everyone can learn to do it.
D.Listening to the response to our apologies is important.
E.Most apologies can and should happen in a private setting.
F.In other words, avoid excuses and offer to repair the damage.
G.Taking responsibility doesn’t mean accepting blame for everything.
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
Body language is an important part of 1.　 (communicate).If you wish to communicate well,then it makes sense to understand how you can use your body to say 2.　　 　　 you mean.When you’re nervous,it shows in the way you’re standing or what you’re doing with your hands.The same goes for when you’re 3.　　　 　(confidence).Standing tall and
4.　　　　 (make) eye contact show confidence.Think about someone like a famous hostess—when she walks onto a stage or into a room she controls it.It’s not just because she’s a well-known speaker,5.　　　　 because she performs like she owns the place.
If you want 6.　　　　(improve) your confidence before a job interview,presentation,big meeting,or any time really,take a power pose.One great power pose 7.　　　　(be) the special pose—your hands on your hips (髋部),legs out in a V shape,shoulders and back straight,and chin 8.　　　　(slight) up.Stay there for a few 9.　　　　(moment) thinking about how sure of yourself you are.Try it out for yourself and you’ll see 10.　　　　 quickly it impacts you.But it’s probably not a good idea to use in the interview.
Unit 2　Understanding each other（解析版）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
In today’s world, the ability to work harmoniously with other people is a good way of marking yourself off from everybody else.While teamwork may offer the chance to blame others for your mistakes, you can never blame them for your failings as a teammate.In any case, working out where to apportion blame is not a good way to approach membership of any new team.Instead, get to know one another, so you can build up a shared identity and combine your strengths.Find out each other’s values, weaknesses, and past achievements.
Don’t shy away from conflicts but work out how to deal with them.Humour can be good glue, so have a laugh together.
Before settling down to business, it’s important to establish ground rules.First, make sure you all share the same concept of time.Then, work out how you are going to make and communicate decisions.These are probably best made at a formal meeting and communicated by e-mail.You must also agree on who will be responsible for making decisions.
Even if you have decided that decisions don’t have to be unanimous (一致的), it is important that every team member should be kept involved, including those who always disagree with the majority view, rarely say a word, or have a strange haircut.
Once you’ve got your rules of engagement, define what you want to achieve, and set the deadline.Work out what you have to do before the time is up to do it.The team must assign roles according to everyone’s individual skills.Remember that every task is equally important.
Whatever your role, it is important to keep a record of what has been decided at each stage and what each member of the team has contributed.Then, when the task is over, you can review how well it went.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章就在团队组建之初如何与他人和谐相处给出了一些
建议。
(　　)1.What does the author stress at the beginning of the text
[A] The importance of personal ability. [B] The importance of cooperation.
[C] The importance of equality. [D] The importance of humour.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句和“Instead, get to know one another...combine your strengths.”可知,作者在第一段强调的是合作的重要性。故选B。
(　　)2.What does the underlined phrase “apportion blame” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
[A] Say who should be blamed. [B] Find out the causes of mistakes.
[C] Get all the blame for mistakes. [D] Shoulder the responsibility.
【答案】 A
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据画线短语所在句“In any case, working out...of any new team.”可知,作者认为,出了错误,怪罪他人是不明智的。Instead后面的内容作了进一步的解释说明。由此可以推断,apportion blame是“怪罪”的意思。故选A。
(　　)3.Which of the following is the advice given by the author in the text
[A] Try your best not to make mistakes.
[B] It is better to make decisions at an informal meeting.
[C] Those who seldom express their opinions can be ignored.
[D] Roles should be assigned according to everyone’s individual skills.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The team must assign roles according to everyone’s individual skills.”可知,应该根据每个人的个人技能来分配角色的任务。故选D。
(　　)4.What is the text mainly about
[A] The art of doing well in exams. [B] The art of dealing with conflicts.
[C] The art of making decisions. [D] The art of working in team.
【答案】 D
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文作者就在团队组建之初如何与他人和谐相处给出了一些建议。D项能够很好地概括文章主题。故选D。
B
Many people have participated in lots of virtual meetings these years.Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree.A new study,though,suggests otherwise.
In the study,602 participants were randomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a product.They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually.The pairs were then ranked by assessing their total number of ideas,as well as those concepts’ degree of novelty,and asked to submit their best idea.Among the groups,virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas,suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas.The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.
“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks.“Unlike other forms of virtual communication,like phone calls or e-mail,videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well,so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation.”
When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms,the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire scene.Eyeing one’s whole environment and noticing the random objects were associated with increased idea generation.On platforms,the screen occupies our interactions.Our look wavers less.“Looking away might come across as rude,” said Brucks,“so we have to look at the screen because that is the defined context of the interaction,the same way we wouldn’t walk to another room while talking to someone in person.”
Like most educators,Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years,and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well.Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often,rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom.Brucks found that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera,for her students felt “freer” and more creative when asked to do so.And this may be sound advice for the workplace.
Virtual teamwork can’t replace face-to-face teamwork.Idea selection proficiency is only valuable if you have strong options to select from,and face-to-face teams are the best means to generate winning options.Perhaps the workplace will find a compromise—a sweet spot in the middle that balances working from both home and office.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究。研究表明,与面对面交流相比,线上的虚拟会议不利于创造性想法的产生。
(　　)5.What does the underlined word “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
[A] Shake. [B] Revise. [C] Challenge. [D] Strengthen.
【答案】 D　
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词前一句内容可知,参加线上虚拟互动的小组提出的创造性想法明显较少,这表明面对面的互动能够产生更多的创造性想法。根据常识可知,雇主一定希望员工能够产生更多的创造性想法,也就是说,雇主希望员工回到办公室进行面对面交流。由此可推知,stiffen 与strengthen 同义,表示“坚定”了雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。故选 D。
(　　)6.At first,what might lead researcher Melanie Brucks think
[A] Videoconferencing can’t compare with in-person communication.
[B] Participants should make eye contact in an online meeting.
[C] The feedback from companies seems questionable.
[D] Creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,Melanie Brucks指出,他们进行这一实验是基于一些公司的反馈,即与远程工作者一起创新更加困难。但视频会议很好地模拟了面对面交流。所以,当实验结果显示视频会议和面对面交流存在显著差异时,Melanie Brucks 感到十分惊讶。由此可推知,起初,Melanie Brucks 认为公司的反馈有问题(questionable)。故选 C。
(　　)7.What can we learn about Brucks’ class
[A] Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up.
[B] Her students progressed in focusing attention.
[C] Her students took advantage of virtual learning.
[D] Her students displayed talent for public speaking.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,在 Brucks 的线上课堂,学生会轮流发言,连比较害羞的学生也发言更多了,因此她的学生能充分利用线上学习。故选 C。
(　　)8.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
[A] Interacting Virtually Impacts Working Participation
[B] Maintaining Teamwork Improves Idea Generation
[C] Grouping Randomly Increases Productivity
[D] Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity
【答案】 D
【解析】 标题归纳题。第二段的倒数第二句是文章主题句——线上虚拟小组想出的创造性想法比面对面交流少很多。D项“线上头脑风暴限制了创造力”最能体现文章主旨。故选 D。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Learning how to apologise is similar to learning any new behaviour.It may feel awkward and may not be polished at first.1.　　　 There are several tips that will help you as you learn how to apologise.
First of all, wait until you’re in the right time and at the right place.Although public apology is often appropriate, discretion (谨慎) should be used.2.　　　 Remember, you will be raising a topic that may recall a bad experience or bad feelings.Be respectful as you approach this task.
Be direct and brief in your approach.Acknowledge the fact that injury has occurred and then take responsibility for what happened.Be sincere in expressing your regret and demonstrate your willingness to take responsibility for the situation.3.　　
Even if you follow these steps, be prepared for rejection.Sometimes, the person who apologises has an expectation that the apology will lead to immediate forgiveness and acceptance.4.　　　 If you think of the offense (冒犯) as an emotional bruise (瘀伤), think of the healing process as the colour changes we see as a bruise heals.
5.　　　 Knowing when to keep one’s mouth shut is a virtue.Keeping quiet may be very difficult, as post-apology listening is not easy.We may hear unpleasant observations from another about our own shortcomings.We may hear the expression of anger.One of the ways we let others know we are truly responsible and accountable for our mistakes is to listen to the other party pour out the feelings associated with our actions.
A.Forgiveness and acceptance may take time.
B.To give or receive a good apology is an art.
C.But with practice, everyone can learn to do it.
D.Listening to the response to our apologies is important.
E.Most apologies can and should happen in a private setting.
F.In other words, avoid excuses and offer to repair the damage.
G.Taking responsibility doesn’t mean accepting blame for everything.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲了如何体面且有效地道歉的技巧。
1.【答案】 C
【解析】 上文提及,学习道歉在一开始可能会觉得尴尬而且不熟练;而下文则开始罗列让人们学会道歉的几个技巧,由此可见,道歉这件事情也是存在一个学习过程的,通过练习,每个人最终都能够学会道歉,C项符合题意。故选C。
2.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据第二段第一句可知,需要在正确的时间和地点去道歉,再根据设空处上一句中的“Although”可知,此处存在一个转折,因此下文更可能是在阐述在私下里道歉是更合适的,E项符合语境。故选E。
3.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据上文中的“Be direct and brief...take responsibility for the situation.”可知,本段讲道歉时要直白简单,要承认自己犯下的错误并且主动承担责任去弥补,换言之“不要找借口,及时提出弥补方法”,因此F项符合题意。故选F。
4.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据第四段的内容可知,本段讲道歉后并不一定会立刻被原谅,而是需要时间,有时人们会期待道歉后立刻就被原谅,但事实并不是这样,因为原谅与接受需要时间,因此A项符合题意。故选A。
5.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据设空处后文可知,本段阐述道歉后需要学会聆听对方的倾诉,因为这样能够让对方体会到自己的歉意,因此“道歉后学会倾听对方的回应是非常重要的”,D项符合题意。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
Body language is an important part of 1.　 (communicate).If you wish to communicate well,then it makes sense to understand how you can use your body to say 2.　　 　　 you mean.When you’re nervous,it shows in the way you’re standing or what you’re doing with your hands.The same goes for when you’re 3.　　　 　(confidence).Standing tall and
4.　　　　 (make) eye contact show confidence.Think about someone like a famous hostess—when she walks onto a stage or into a room she controls it.It’s not just because she’s a well-known speaker,5.　　　　 because she performs like she owns the place.
If you want 6.　　　　(improve) your confidence before a job interview,presentation,big meeting,or any time really,take a power pose.One great power pose 7.　　　　(be) the special pose—your hands on your hips (髋部),legs out in a V shape,shoulders and back straight,and chin 8.　　　　(slight) up.Stay there for a few 9.　　　　(moment) thinking about how sure of yourself you are.Try it out for yourself and you’ll see 10.　　　　 quickly it impacts you.But it’s probably not a good idea to use in the interview.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是肢体语言在交流中的重要性。
1.【答案】 communication
【解析】 考查名词。根据句意及空前的“Body language is an important part of” 可知,应用名词作宾语。故填communication。
2.【答案】 what
【解析】 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构及句意可知,此处为宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,应用引导词what引导。故填what。
3.【答案】 confident
【解析】 考查形容词。结合句意可知,空处应用形容词作表语。故填confident。
4.【答案】 making
【解析】 考查动名词。结合句意可知,空处应用动名词形式,与Standing 并列。故填making。
5.【答案】 but
【解析】 考查连词。分析句子结构可知,此处为not...but...句型,意为“不是……而是……”,为固定搭配。故填but。
6.【答案】 to improve
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth意为“想要做某事”,应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to improve。
7.【答案】 is
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为谓语动词,此处表示客观陈述且主语为pose,应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
8.【答案】 slightly
【解析】 考查副词。结合句意可知,此处应用副词作状语。故填slightly。
9.【答案】 moments
【解析】 考查名词复数。结合空前的a few可知,应用名词复数作宾语。故填moments。
10.【答案】 how
【解析】 考查副词。结合句意及空后的副词quickly可知,应用副词how作状语,修饰quickly,表示“多么”。故填how。
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Unit 2　Understanding each other
(限时:35分钟　总分:47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
In today’s world, the ability to work harmoniously with other people is a good way of marking yourself off from everybody else.While teamwork may offer the chance to blame others for your mistakes, you can never blame them for your failings as a teammate.
In any case, working out where to apportion blame is not a good way to approach membership of any new team.Instead, get to know one another, so you can build up a shared identity and combine your strengths.Find out each other’s values, weaknesses, and past achievements.
Don’t shy away from conflicts but work out how to deal with them.
Humour can be good glue, so have a laugh together.
Before settling down to business, it’s important to establish ground rules.First, make sure you all share the same concept of time.Then, work out how you are going to make and communicate decisions.These are probably best made at a formal meeting and communicated by e-mail.You must also agree on who will be responsible for making decisions.
Even if you have decided that decisions don’t have to be unanimous
(一致的), it is important that every team member should be kept involved, including those who always disagree with the majority view, rarely say a word, or have a strange haircut.
Once you’ve got your rules of engagement, define what you want to achieve, and set the deadline.Work out what you have to do before the time is up to do it.The team must assign roles according to everyone’s individual skills.Remember that every task is equally important.
Whatever your role, it is important to keep a record of what has been decided at each stage and what each member of the team has contributed.
Then, when the task is over, you can review how well it went.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章就在团队组建之初如何与他人和谐相处给出了一些建议。
(　　)1.What does the author stress at the beginning of the text
[A] The importance of personal ability.
[B] The importance of cooperation.
[C] The importance of equality.
[D] The importance of humour.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句和“Instead, get to know one another...combine your strengths.”可知,作者在第一段强调的是合作的重要性。故选B。
(　　)2.What does the underlined phrase “apportion blame” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
[A] Say who should be blamed. [B] Find out the causes of mistakes.
[C] Get all the blame for mistakes. [D] Shoulder the responsibility.
A
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据画线短语所在句“In any case, working out...of any new team.”可知,作者认为,出了错误,怪罪他人是不明智的。Instead后面的内容作了进一步的解释说明。由此可以推断,apportion blame是“怪罪”的意思。故选A。
(　　)3.Which of the following is the advice given by the author in the text
[A] Try your best not to make mistakes.
[B] It is better to make decisions at an informal meeting.
[C] Those who seldom express their opinions can be ignored.
[D] Roles should be assigned according to everyone’s individual skills.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The team must assign roles according to everyone’s individual skills.”可知,应该根据每个人的个人技能来分配角色的任务。故选D。
(　　)4.What is the text mainly about
[A] The art of doing well in exams. [B] The art of dealing with conflicts.
[C] The art of making decisions. [D] The art of working in team.
D
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文作者就在团队组建之初如何与他人和谐相处给出了一些建议。D项能够很好地概括文章主题。故选D。
B
Many people have participated in lots of virtual meetings these years.
Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree.A new study,though,suggests otherwise.
In the study,602 participants were randomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a product.They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually.The pairs were then ranked by assessing their total number of ideas,as well as those concepts’ degree of novelty,and asked to submit their best idea.Among the groups,virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas,suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas.The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.
“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks.“Unlike other forms of virtual communication,like phone calls or e-mail,videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well,so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation.”
When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms,
the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire scene.Eyeing one’s whole environment and noticing the random objects were associated with increased idea generation.On platforms,the screen occupies our interactions.Our look wavers less.“Looking away might come across as rude,” said Brucks,“so we have to look at the screen because that is the defined context of the interaction,the same way we wouldn’t walk to another room while talking to someone in person.”
Like most educators,Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years,and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well.Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often,rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom.Brucks found that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera,for her students felt “freer” and more creative when asked to do so.And this may be sound advice for the workplace.
Virtual teamwork can’t replace face-to-face teamwork.Idea selection proficiency is only valuable if you have strong options to select from,and face-to-face teams are the best means to generate winning options.Perhaps the workplace will find a compromise—a sweet spot in the middle that balances working from both home and office.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究。研究表明,与面对面交流相比,线上的虚拟会议不利于创造性想法的产生。
(　　)5.What does the underlined word “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
[A] Shake. [B] Revise. [C] Challenge. [D] Strengthen.
D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词前一句内容可知,参加线上虚拟互动的小组提出的创造性想法明显较少,这表明面对面的互动能够产生更多的创造性想法。根据常识可知,雇主一定希望员工能够产生更多的创造性想法,也就是说,雇主希望员工回到办公室进行面对面交流。由此可推知,stiffen 与strengthen 同义,表示“坚定”了雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。故选 D。
(　　)6.At first,what might lead researcher Melanie Brucks think
[A] Videoconferencing can’t compare with in-person communication.
[B] Participants should make eye contact in an online meeting.
[C] The feedback from companies seems questionable.
[D] Creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,Melanie Brucks指出,他们进行这一实验是基于一些公司的反馈,即与远程工作者一起创新更加困难。但视频会议很好地模拟了面对面交流。所以,当实验结果显示视频会议和面对面交流存在显著差异时,Melanie Brucks 感到十分惊讶。由此可推知,起初,Melanie Brucks 认为公司的反馈有问题(questionable)。故选 C。
(　　)7.What can we learn about Brucks’ class
[A] Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up.
[B] Her students progressed in focusing attention.
[C] Her students took advantage of virtual learning.
[D] Her students displayed talent for public speaking.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,在 Brucks 的线上课堂,学生会轮流发言,连比较害羞的学生也发言更多了,因此她的学生能充分利用线上学习。故选 C。
(　　)8.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
[A] Interacting Virtually Impacts Working Participation
[B] Maintaining Teamwork Improves Idea Generation
[C] Grouping Randomly Increases Productivity
[D] Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity
D
【解析】 标题归纳题。第二段的倒数第二句是文章主题句——线上虚拟小组想出的创造性想法比面对面交流少很多。D项“线上头脑风暴限制了创造力”最能体现文章主旨。故选 D。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Learning how to apologise is similar to learning any new behaviour.It may feel awkward and may not be polished at first.1.　　 There are several tips that will help you as you learn how to apologise.
First of all, wait until you’re in the right time and at the right place.
Although public apology is often appropriate, discretion (谨慎) should be used.2.　　　 Remember, you will be raising a topic that may recall a bad experience or bad feelings.Be respectful as you approach this task.
C
E
Be direct and brief in your approach.Acknowledge the fact that injury has occurred and then take responsibility for what happened.Be sincere in expressing your regret and demonstrate your willingness to take responsibility
for the situation.3.　　
Even if you follow these steps, be prepared for rejection.Sometimes, the person who apologises has an expectation that the apology will lead to immediate forgiveness and acceptance.4.　　　 If you think of the offense (冒犯) as an emotional bruise (瘀伤), think of the healing process as the colour changes we see as a bruise heals.
F
A
5.　　　 Knowing when to keep one’s mouth shut is a virtue.Keeping quiet may be very difficult, as post-apology listening is not easy.We may hear unpleasant observations from another about our own shortcomings.We may hear the expression of anger.One of the ways we let others know we are truly responsible and accountable for our mistakes is to listen to the other party pour out the feelings associated with our actions.
D
A.Forgiveness and acceptance may take time.
B.To give or receive a good apology is an art.
C.But with practice, everyone can learn to do it.
D.Listening to the response to our apologies is important.
E.Most apologies can and should happen in a private setting.
F.In other words, avoid excuses and offer to repair the damage.
G.Taking responsibility doesn’t mean accepting blame for everything.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲了如何体面且有效地道歉的技巧。
1.【解析】 上文提及,学习道歉在一开始可能会觉得尴尬而且不熟练;而下文则开始罗列让人们学会道歉的几个技巧,由此可见,道歉这件事情也是存在一个学习过程的,通过练习,每个人最终都能够学会道歉,C项符合题意。故选C。
2.【解析】 根据第二段第一句可知,需要在正确的时间和地点去道歉,再根据设空处上一句中的“Although”可知,此处存在一个转折,因此下文更可能是在阐述在私下里道歉是更合适的,E项符合语境。故选E。
3.【解析】 根据上文中的“Be direct and brief...take responsibility for the situation.”可知,本段讲道歉时要直白简单,要承认自己犯下的错误并且主动承担责任去弥补,换言之“不要找借口,及时提出弥补方法”,因此F项符合题意。故选F。
4.【解析】 根据第四段的内容可知,本段讲道歉后并不一定会立刻被原谅,而是需要时间,有时人们会期待道歉后立刻就被原谅,但事实并不是这样,因为原谅与接受需要时间,因此A项符合题意。故选A。
5.【解析】 根据设空处后文可知,本段阐述道歉后需要学会聆听对方的倾诉,因为这样能够让对方体会到自己的歉意,因此“道歉后学会倾听对方的回应是非常重要的”,D项符合题意。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
Body language is an important part of 1.　　 　　 (communicate).If you wish to communicate well,then it makes sense to understand how you can use your body to say 2.　　　 you mean.When you’re nervous,it shows in the way you’re standing or what you’re doing with your hands.The same goes for when you’re 3.
(confidence).Standing tall and 4.　　 　 (make) eye contact show confidence.Think about someone like a famous hostess—when she walks onto a stage or into a room she controls it.It’s not just because she’s a well-known speaker,5.　　　 　 because she performs like she owns the place.
communication
what
confident
making
but
If you want 6.　　 　　(improve) your confidence before a job interview,
presentation,big meeting,or any time really,take a power pose.One great power pose 7.　　　　(be) the special pose—your hands on your hips (髋部),legs out in a V shape,shoulders and back straight,and chin 8.　　　　(slight) up.Stay there for a few 9.　　　　 (moment) thinking about how sure of yourself you are.Try it out for yourself and you’ll see 10.　　　　 quickly it impacts you.But it’s probably not a good idea to use in the interview.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是肢体语言在交流中的重要性。
to improve
is
slightly
moments
how
1.【解析】 考查名词。根据句意及空前的“Body language is an important part of” 可知,应用名词作宾语。故填communication。
2.【解析】 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构及句意可知,此处为宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,应用引导词what引导。故填what。
3.【解析】 考查形容词。结合句意可知,空处应用形容词作表语。故填confident。
4.【解析】 考查动名词。结合句意可知,空处应用动名词形式,与Standing 并列。故填making。
5.【解析】 考查连词。分析句子结构可知,此处为not...but...句型,意为“不是……而是……”,为固定搭配。故填but。
6.【解析】 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth意为“想要做某事”,应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to improve。
7.【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为谓语动词,此处表示客观陈述且主语为pose,应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
8.【解析】 考查副词。结合句意可知,此处应用副词作状语。故填slightly。
9.【解析】 考查名词复数。结合空前的a few可知,应用名词复数作宾语。故填moments。
10.【解析】 考查副词。结合句意及空后的副词quickly可知,应用副词how作状语,修饰quickly,表示“多么”。故填how。

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