资源简介

UNIT 1　FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
1.congratulation n.祝贺;恭喜;祝贺词(常用复数)
congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①After passing the difficult exam, Tom congratulated 　　　　(he) on all the hard work he had put in.
(2)②我衷心地祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。(应用文写作之祝贺信)
I’d like to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for obtaining the first place in the English Speech Contest.(congratulation)
③一封祝贺信进入了她的邮箱,当她打开它时,一股兴奋之情涌上心头。(读后续写之情感描写)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, and as she unfolded it, a rush of excitement coursed through her veins.
④观众爆发出雷鸣般的欢呼声,祝贺他创造了一项新的纪录。(读后续写之场景描写)
The audience burst into thunderous cheers, 　.
【答案】 (1)①himself　(2)②offer/express/send my sincere congratulations to you　③A letter of congratulation found its way into her mailbox
④congratulating him on creating a new record
·offer/express/send one’s congratulations to sb on sth 因某事向某人致以祝贺
a letter of congratulation 一封贺信
·congratulate sb on (doing) sth
因(做)某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself(on/upon sth或doing sth)(因某事或做某事)为自己感到自豪
2.range n.一系列;范围、界限
vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The options available ranged 　　　　 simple and complex, but she had to make a choice quickly.
②The temperature in the classroom is kept 　　　　 the range of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ for comfort.
(2)③我们夏令营的活动从体育到艺术应有尽有,确保每个人都能有愉快的体验。(应用文写作之邀请信)
The activities in our summer camp 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, ensuring that everyone can have a pleasant experience.
④除了这些传统活动,我们还有一些更广泛的选择,如旅游和拜访我们的亲戚、朋友。(应用文写作之介绍信)
In addition to these traditional activities, we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
【答案】 (1)①between　②within/in
(2)③range from sports to the arts　④have a wider range of choices
·a full/wide range of...大范围的……;各种……
in/within the range of... 在射程以内;在……范围内
beyond/out of range of... 在射程以外;在……范围外
·range from ...to .../range between ...and ...包括从……到……之间;在……到……之间变动
3.figure n.人物;数字;身材;画像;雕像;图表
vt.认为;认定;估计;计算
[语境运用]一词多义
①Figures for April show a slight improvement on previous months. 　　　　　　　
②I figured if I took the night train, I could be in England by morning. 　　　　　　　
③Only by eating proper food and taking regular exercise can you keep your figure.　　　　
④As for my favourite figure in Chinese history,it must be Confucius,a great thinker in ancient China.　　　　　　　
⑤Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.　　　　　　　
【答案】 ①数字　 ②认为　③身材　④人物　⑤图表
·keep one’s figure保持体形
have a good figure 有一个好身材
a leading figure 一流人物
·figure out 理解;想出;计算出;弄明白
figure on sth/figure on (sb/sth) doing sth 计划、打算、预料到某事/(某人/物)做某事
figure in 把……考虑/计算在内
figure that...认为……;认定……
4.grateful adj.感激的;表示感谢的
gratitude n.感激之情;感谢
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I am grateful to you 　　　　 decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony.(应用文写作之感谢信)
②He was grateful 　　　　(have) such a wonderful family who always supported him.
③I am writing to convey my heartfelt 　　　　(grateful) for what you have done for me.(应用文写作之感谢信)
(2)④如果您能给我一些关于如何适应新环境的建议,我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之求
助信)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to new surroundings.
⑤他怀着感激之情看着她,知道她的话让他没有放弃。(读后续写之情感描写)
He 　 ,
knowing that her words had saved him from giving up.
【答案】 (1)①for　②to have　③gratitude
(2)④I would be grateful/I would appreciate it　⑤looked at her with gratitude
·be grateful to sb for (doing) sth 感激某人(做)某事
be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激
be grateful that...感激……
I would be grateful/I would appreciate it if you could do...如果你能做……,我将不胜感激
·express one’s gratitude for sth to sb 因……向某人表达感激
with gratitude感激地
5.significant adj.有重大意义的;重要的;显著的
significance n.重要性;意义
significantly adv.有重大意义地;显著地
[语境运用] 语境串词/完成句子
(1)①The discovery of this new element is of 　　　　 importance, as it could potentially change our understanding of chemistry and has 　　　　 increased the 　　　　 of this research field.(significant)
(2)②此外,古筝对中国民间音乐具有重要意义,将你引向一个美妙的音乐世界。(应用文写作之建议信)
Besides,guzheng 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Chinese folk music, leading you to a wonderful music world.
③很明显,生命中最珍贵的礼物是友谊。(读后续写之主旨升华)
　　　　　　　　　　　　 the most precious gift of life is friendship.
④他认为这个警告不重要并继续他的冒险,但这最终成了一个大错误。
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and continued his adventure, but it turned out to be a big mistake.
【答案】 (1)①significant; significantly; significance
(2)②is of great significance to/is significant to
③It is significant that　④attached little significance /importance to the warning
·be significant to对……非常重要
It is significant that...很明显……
a significant look/smile 意味深长的眼神/微笑
·be of (great/no/little) significance to ...对……(很/不)重要
attach(great/little)significance/importance to (doing)... 认为(做)……(很/不)重要(to是介词)
6.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射;反思;思考
reflection n.反射;思考;反映;映射;沉思
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①　　　　 reflection, I understand the importance of teamwork in achieving our goals.
②The success of our project　　　　(reflect) in the high satisfaction rate of our clients.
③Usually a child’s behaviour is a 　　　　(reflect) of his family environment.
(2)④坐在窗户边,他认真思考了自己过去的错误并决定做出改变。(读后续写之动作描写)
Sitting by the window, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and decided to make a change.
⑤他陷入了深思,没有注意到时间的流逝。(读后续写之情景描写)
　, not noticing the time passing by.
【答案】 (1)①On　②is reflected　③reflection
(2)④he reflected on his past mistakes　⑤He was lost in reflection/thought
·reflect sb/sth in sth (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像
be reflected in倒映在;反映在
reflect on/upon 认真思考;沉思
·on reflection 反思;经再三考虑
be lost in reflection/thought 陷入反思/思考中
reflect当“倒映;反射”讲时,常用作及物动词;reflect当“反思;思考”讲时,常用作不及物动词。
7.respect n.& vt.尊敬;尊重;敬意;方面
respectable adj.值得尊敬的;体面的,得体的
respectful adj.恭敬的;表示敬意的
respected adj.受尊敬的
respectively adv.分别;各自
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
(1)①The 　　　　 professor was treated with 　　　　 attitudes by people of all walks of life especially those who performed well 　　　　 in their own field.(respect)
(2)②The villagers 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (因为……而尊敬这个老人) his wisdom and kindness, and always turned to him for advice.
③　　　　　　　　(在许多方面),the adventure changed her outlook on life and made her more courageous.
【答案】 (1)①respected; respectful;respectively
(2)②respected the old man for 　③In many respects
·respect sb for sth 因为某事而尊敬某人
·have/show respect for sb 尊重某人
out of respect for...出于对……的尊敬;顾及
give one’s respects to sb 代某人向……问候/致意
·in many respects在许多方面
in every respect在各个方面
in respect of =with respect to 至于,关于;就……而言
respect表示“尊重;敬重”时为不可数名词;表示“着眼点;方面”时为可数名词;表示“敬意;问候”时,多用复数形式。
8.set off 出发;动身;启程;引起;燃放;触发(警报);衬托出
[语境运用]一词多义/语境串词
(1)①As the sun rose, they set off towards the distant mountains, their hearts filled with hope and excitement.　　　　　　　
②The discovery of the old diary set off a flood of memories, taking her back to her childhood.　　　　　　　
③People used to set off the fireworks in the dark night, lighting up the sky with colourful sparks.　　　　　　　
④The white walls of the house set off the greenery of the garden beautifully.　　　　　　
(2)⑤早上,她写下了当天的计划,然后开始打扫房间。之后,她留出了一些钱以备不时之需,并为学习制定了新的时间表。下午,她动身前往图书馆,她读了一些以古代为背景的故事。
In the morning, she 　　　　　　　　 her plans for the day, then 　　　　　　　　 cleaning the room.After that, she 　　　　　　 　　some money for emergencies and 　　　　　　　　 a new schedule for her study.In the afternoon, she 　　　　　　　　 the library and read some stories 　　　　　　　　 ancient times.
【答案】 (1)①出发　②引起　③燃放　④衬托出
(2)⑤set down; set about; set aside; set up; set out for; set in
set down 放下;记下;登记
set up 建立,创立
set aside 留出;储存;把……放在一边
set about doing sth=set out to do sth 着手做某事
set out=set off 动身;出发
set out for... 动身前往
be set in... 以……为背景
1.“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] However,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals.
然而,无论节日多么迥异,在世界各地,分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。
[语境运用]句型转换/完成句子
(1)①No matter when you have time, please come and visit us.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, please come and visit us.
②Whoever is responsible for this mistake must take the consequences.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for this mistake must take the consequences.
③No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the destination eventually.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, it will lead you to the destination eventually.
(2)④无论前方有什么挑战,他们都决心共同面对。(读后续写之主旨升华)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, they were determined to face them together.
⑤不管我们的日程安排有多忙,我们都应该腾出时间锻炼身体。(应用文写作之建议信)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, we should always make time for exercise.
【答案】 (1)①Whenever you have time　②No matter who is responsible　③Whichever road you take　(2)④No matter what challenges lay ahead
⑤No matter how busy our schedule is
①no matter how意为“不管多么……,无论多么……”,引导让步状语从句,相当于however,此时however后接形容词或副词的原级,即“however+adj./adv.+主语+谓语”。
②“疑问词+-ever”类的词有whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,wherever,whenever,
however,它们可以引导让步状语从句,通常可以转换为“no matter+疑问词”。
③“疑问词+-ever”既可以引导让步状语从句,又可以引导名词性从句;而“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。
2.it作形式宾语
[教材原句] Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。
[语境运用] 句型转换/完成句子
(1)①While working, I found it was hard to work in the fields under a hot sun.
→While working, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 to work in the fields under a hot sun.
②Our parents should take care of us and we always take that for granted.
→We always
that our parents should take care of us.
(2)③我认为抱怨没用,相反,我们应该立即行动起来保护我们的海洋。(应用文写作之发
言稿)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　; instead, we should take action immediately to protect our oceans.
④他们感觉在日落前到达山顶是不可能的,但他们没有放弃。(读后续写之心理描写)
They 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the top of the mountain before sunset, but they didn’t give up.
【答案】 (1)①I found it hard　②take it for granted　(2)③I think it no use complaining
④felt it impossible to reach
当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作宾语时,为保持句子结构平衡,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句尾。下列四种情况须用it作形式宾语:
①当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词(如 think、make、find、consider、feel、believe等)的宾语时。
②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词,如appreciate、enjoy、like、dislike、love、hate、 prefer等,往往不能直接接宾语从句。
③that 引导的宾语从句一般不能直接作介词的宾语,而应用“动词+prep.+it+that从句”结构,常见的有see to it that,depend on it that,insist on it that。
④由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中,宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时,须借用it, 即用“动词+it+介词短语+that从句”结构,常见的有take it for granted that,owe it to sb that。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
People all around the world celebrate festivals,1.　　 　　 have a wide range of origins.Although every festival has 2.　　　　 (it) different customs and unique charms,they have the spirit of 3.　　　　 (share) joy,gratitude,love,or peace.
Of all the traditional festivals,the harvest festival can 4.　　　　 (find) in almost every culture.This important 5.　　　　 (agriculture) festival is held after all the crops have been gathered in.People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
Customs play 6.　　　　 significant role in festivals,but sometimes they can change over time.With modern society developing and new ideas 7.　　　　 (spread),some traditions may disappear and others may be established.For example,in most cities,the public have been forbidden 8.　　　　 (light) firecrackers during the Spring Festival.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,because businesses take advantage
9.　　　　 the celebrations.People have different opinions about the changes.
10.　　　　 (festival) are an important part of society.They reflect people’s wishes,
beliefs,faiths,and attitudes towards life.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life.They bring us a lot of benefits.
【答案】 1.which　2.its　3.sharing　4.be found　5.agricultural　6.a　7.spreading　8.to light　9.of　10.Festivals
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers 　　　　(occasion) laugh at his unusual methods.
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)A feeling of 　　　　(grateful) washed over me as I heard his words.
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)They make me feel valued and 　　　　(respect),no matter my level of artistic ability.
4.(2023·浙江1月卷) Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler in design and
　　　　(decorate), and the hutongs were narrower.
5. They finally reached the small village, surrounded by vast green 　　　　(agriculture) fields.
6. Despite their different backgrounds,they discovered they had one thing 　　 　　 common—a passion for adventure.
7.I congratulated him 　　　　 winning an award in the talent show.
8. “　　　　(frank), I don’t know how we’re going to get out of this mess,” she said, her voice shaking with fear.
【答案】 1.occasionally　2.gratitude　3.respected　4.decoration　5.agricultural　6.in　7.on　8.Frankly
假设你是李华,你的外国笔友Tom想了解中国端午节的有关情况。请你给他写一封电子邮件,告知相关信息。
1.收到你询问有关中国端午节的来信,我非常高兴。(pleased)
I’m more than pleased to receive your letter asking about the Dragon Boat Festival in China.
2.在这里,我会坦诚地与你分享其细节。(frank)
Here, I’ll be frank with you and share its details.
3.端午节有着重要且具有历史意义的起源。它在每年农历五月初五。(significant,historic,origin,fall on,lunar)
The Dragon Boat Festival has a significant and historic origin.It falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.
4.这个节日是为了纪念我们历史上的杰出人物屈原而举行的。(figure)
This festival is held in honour of Qu Yuan, a remarkable figure in our history.
5.人们利用这个特殊时刻相聚在一起。(take advantage of, moment, gather together)
People take advantage of this special moment to gather together.
6.一系列的活动营造出了美妙的氛围,其中最典型的是龙舟比赛和吃粽子。(a range of, atmosphere, typical)
There is a range of activities creating a wonderful atmosphere.The most typical of them are dragon boat races and eating zongzi.
7.我很感激你对我们的传统节日感兴趣。我真诚地希望我的介绍能帮助你更好地理解它。(grateful)
I’m grateful that you show interest in our traditional festival.I sincerely hope my introduction can help you understand it better.
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用定语从句进行改写升级。
The Dragon Boat Festival, which has a significant and historic origin,falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.
2.将第6句用of which引导的非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
There is a range of activities creating a wonderful atmosphere,of which the most typical are dragon boat races and eating zongzi.
[连句成篇]
Dear Tom,
I’m more than pleased to receive your letter asking about the Dragon Boat Festival in China.Here, I’ll be frank with you and share its details.
　　The Dragon Boat Festival, which has a significant and historic origin, falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.This festival is held in honour of Qu Yuan, a remarkable figure in our history.People take advantage of this special moment to gather together.There is a range of activities creating a wonderful atmosphere, of which the most typical are dragon boat races and eating zongzi.
I’m grateful that you show interest in our traditional festival.I sincerely hope my introduction can help you understand it better.
Yours,
Li Hua
　　要求:找出下列各句中点训练里出现过的词汇。
她一听到这个坏消息,眼睛就模糊了。她几乎要哭出来了,喉咙哽咽,几乎无法呼吸。抑制许久的泪水开始像雨点一样从她的脸颊上滚落下来。在这悲伤的时刻,她痛哭流涕,啜泣声在空荡荡的房间里回荡。她之前从未感到如此孤独和失落。突然,她停止哭泣并擦去了眼泪,决心面对困难。
The moment she heard the bad news, her eyes blurred.
She was close to tears and her throat choked and she could hardly breathe.
Tears, which she had tried to hold back for so long, started to roll down her cheeks like raindrops.
In this moment of sadness, she cried her eyes out and her sobs echoed in the empty room.
She had never felt so alone and lost before.
Suddenly, she stopped crying, wiped the tears and determined to face the difficulty.
要求:根据括号中的提示完成句式升级。
The moment she heard the bad news, her eyes blurred.①She was so close to tears that her throat choked, and she could hardly breathe(so...that...).Tears, which she had tried to hold back for so long, started to roll down her cheeks like raindrops.In this moment of sadness, she cried her eyes out,② her sobs echoing in the empty room(独立主格结构).③Never had she felt so alone and lost before(倒装).Suddenly, she stopped crying and wiped the tears,④ determined to face the difficulty(形容词作伴随状语).
(提示:面训练见P70)
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UNIT 1　FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
1.congratulation n.祝贺;恭喜;祝贺词(常用复数)
congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①After passing the difficult exam, Tom congratulated 　　　　(he) on all the hard work he had put in.
(2)②我衷心地祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。(应用文写作之祝贺信)
I’d like to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for obtaining the first place in the English Speech Contest.(congratulation)
himself
offer/express/send my sincere congratulations to you
③一封祝贺信进入了她的邮箱,当她打开它时,一股兴奋之情涌上心头。(读后续写之情感描写)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　, and as she unfolded it, a rush of excitement coursed through her veins.
④观众爆发出雷鸣般的欢呼声,祝贺他创造了一项新的纪录。(读后续写之场景描写)
The audience burst into thunderous cheers,
　 .
A letter of congratulation found its way into her mailbox
congratulating him on creating
a new record
·offer/express/send one’s congratulations to sb on sth 因某事向某人致以祝贺
a letter of congratulation 一封贺信
·congratulate sb on (doing) sth
因(做)某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself(on/upon sth或doing sth)(因某事或做某事)为自己感到自豪
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The options available ranged 　　　　 simple and complex, but she had to make a choice quickly.
②The temperature in the classroom is kept 　　 　　 the range of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ for comfort.
2.range n.一系列;范围、界限
vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
between
within/in
(2)③我们夏令营的活动从体育到艺术应有尽有,确保每个人都能有愉快的体验。(应用文写作之邀请信)
The activities in our summer camp 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, ensuring that everyone can have a pleasant experience.
④除了这些传统活动,我们还有一些更广泛的选择,如旅游和拜访我们的亲戚、朋友。(应用文写作之介绍信)
In addition to these traditional activities, we
such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
range from sports to the arts
have a wider range of choices
·a full/wide range of...大范围的……;各种……
in/within the range of... 在射程以内;在……范围内
beyond/out of range of... 在射程以外;在……范围外
·range from ...to .../range between ...and ...包括从……到……之间;在……到……之间变动
[语境运用]一词多义
①Figures for April show a slight improvement on previous months. 　　　
②I figured if I took the night train, I could be in England by morning. 　 　
③Only by eating proper food and taking regular exercise can you keep your figure.　　　　　　　
④As for my favourite figure in Chinese history,it must be Confucius,a great thinker in ancient China.　　　　　　　
⑤Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.　　　　　　　
3.figure n.人物;数字;身材;画像;雕像;图表
vt.认为;认定;估计;计算
数字
认为
身材
人物
图表
·keep one’s figure保持体形
have a good figure 有一个好身材
a leading figure 一流人物
·figure out 理解;想出;计算出;弄明白
figure on sth/figure on (sb/sth) doing sth 计划、打算、预料到某事/(某人/物)做某事
figure in 把……考虑/计算在内
figure that...认为……;认定……
4.grateful adj.感激的;表示感谢的
gratitude n.感激之情;感谢
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I am grateful to you 　　　 　 decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony.(应用文写作之感谢信)
②He was grateful 　　 　　(have) such a wonderful family who always supported him.
③I am writing to convey my heartfelt 　　 　　(grateful) for what you have done for me.(应用文写作之感谢信)
for
to have
gratitude
(2)④如果您能给我一些关于如何适应新环境的建议,我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之求助信)
　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to new surroundings.
⑤他怀着感激之情看着她,知道她的话让他没有放弃。(读后续写之情感
描写)
He 　 , knowing that her words had saved him from giving up.
I would be grateful/I would appreciate it
looked at her with gratitude
·be grateful to sb for (doing) sth 感激某人(做)某事
be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激
be grateful that...感激……
I would be grateful/I would appreciate it if you could do...如果你能做……,我将不胜感激
·express one’s gratitude for sth to sb 因……向某人表达感激
with gratitude感激地
5.significant adj.有重大意义的;重要的;显著的
significance n.重要性;意义
significantly adv.有重大意义地;显著地
[语境运用] 语境串词/完成句子
(1)①The discovery of this new element is of 　　 　　 importance, as it could potentially change our understanding of chemistry and has
　　 　 　 increased the 　　　 　 of this research field.(significant)
significant
significantly
significance
(2)②此外,古筝对中国民间音乐具有重要意义,将你引向一个美妙的音乐世界。(应用文写作之建议信)
Besides,guzheng 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 Chinese folk music, leading you to a wonderful music world.
③很明显,生命中最珍贵的礼物是友谊。(读后续写之主旨升华)
　　　　　　　 　　 the most precious gift of life is friendship.
④他认为这个警告不重要并继续他的冒险,但这最终成了一个大错误。
He 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 and continued his adventure, but it turned out to be a big mistake.
is of great significance to/is significant to
It is significant that
attached little significance /importance to the warning
·be significant to对……非常重要
It is significant that...很明显……
a significant look/smile 意味深长的眼神/微笑
·be of (great/no/little) significance to ...对……(很/不)重要
attach(great/little)significance/importance to (doing)... 认为(做)……(很/不)重要(to是介词)
6.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射;反思;思考
reflection n.反射;思考;反映;映射;沉思
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①　　　　 reflection, I understand the importance of teamwork in achieving our goals.
②The success of our project　　 　　(reflect) in the high satisfaction rate of our clients.
③Usually a child’s behaviour is a 　　 　　(reflect) of his family environment.
On
is reflected
reflection
(2)④坐在窗户边,他认真思考了自己过去的错误并决定做出改变。(读后续写之动作描写)
Sitting by the window, 　　 　　　　　　　　　　 and decided to make a change.
⑤他陷入了深思,没有注意到时间的流逝。(读后续写之情景描写)
　 , not noticing the time passing by.
he reflected on his past mistakes
He was lost in reflection/thought
·reflect sb/sth in sth (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像
be reflected in倒映在;反映在
reflect on/upon 认真思考;沉思
·on reflection 反思;经再三考虑
be lost in reflection/thought 陷入反思/思考中
reflect当“倒映;反射”讲时,常用作及物动词;reflect当“反思;思考”讲时,常用作不及物动词。
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
(1)①The 　 　 　　 professor was treated with 　　 　　 attitudes by people of all walks of life especially those who performed well 　 　 　　 in their own field.(respect)
7.respect n.& vt.尊敬;尊重;敬意;方面
respectable adj.值得尊敬的;体面的,得体的
respectful adj.恭敬的;表示敬意的
respected adj.受尊敬的
respectively adv.分别;各自
respected
respectful
respectively
(2)②The villagers 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (因为……而尊敬这个老人) his wisdom and kindness, and always turned to him for advice.
③　　　　　　　　(在许多方面),the adventure changed her outlook on life and made her more courageous.
respected the old man for
In many respects
·respect sb for sth 因为某事而尊敬某人
·have/show respect for sb 尊重某人
out of respect for...出于对……的尊敬;顾及
give one’s respects to sb 代某人向……问候/致意
·in many respects在许多方面
in every respect在各个方面
in respect of =with respect to 至于,关于;就……而言
respect表示“尊重;敬重”时为不可数名词;表示“着眼点;方面”时为可数名词;表示“敬意;问候”时,多用复数形式。
8.set off 出发;动身;启程;引起;燃放;触发(警报);衬托出
[语境运用]一词多义/语境串词
(1)①As the sun rose, they set off towards the distant mountains, their hearts filled with hope and excitement.　　　　　　　
②The discovery of the old diary set off a flood of memories, taking her back to her childhood.　　　　　　　
③People used to set off the fireworks in the dark night, lighting up the sky with colourful sparks.　　　　　　　
④The white walls of the house set off the greenery of the garden beautifully.
　　　　　　　
出发
引起
燃放
衬托出
(2)⑤早上,她写下了当天的计划,然后开始打扫房间。之后,她留出了一些钱以备不时之需,并为学习制定了新的时间表。下午,她动身前往图书馆,她读了一些以古代为背景的故事。
In the morning, she 　　　　　 her plans for the day, then 　　　　　　　　 cleaning the room.After that, she 　　　　　　　 　some money for emergencies and 　　　　　 a new schedule for her study.In the afternoon, she 　　　　 　 the library and read some stories 　　　　　　 ancient times.
set down
set about
set aside
set up
set out for
set in
set down 放下;记下;登记
set up 建立,创立
set aside 留出;储存;把……放在一边
set about doing sth=set out to do sth 着手做某事
set out=set off 动身;出发
set out for... 动身前往
be set in... 以……为背景
1.“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] However,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals.
然而,无论节日多么迥异,在世界各地,分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。
[语境运用]句型转换/完成句子
(1)①No matter when you have time, please come and visit us.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　, please come and visit us.
②Whoever is responsible for this mistake must take the consequences.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for this mistake must take the consequences.
③No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the destination eventually.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　, it will lead you to the destination eventually.
Whenever you have time
No matter who is responsible
Whichever road you take
(2)④无论前方有什么挑战,他们都决心共同面对。(读后续写之主旨升华)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　, they were determined to face them together.
⑤不管我们的日程安排有多忙,我们都应该腾出时间锻炼身体。(应用文写作之建议信)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 , we should always make time for exercise.
No matter what challenges lay ahead
No matter how busy our schedule is
①no matter how意为“不管多么……,无论多么……”,引导让步状语从句,相当于however,此时however后接形容词或副词的原级,即“however+
adj./adv.+主语+谓语”。
②“疑问词+-ever”类的词有whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,
wherever,whenever,however,它们可以引导让步状语从句,通常可以转换为“no matter+疑问词”。
③“疑问词+-ever”既可以引导让步状语从句,又可以引导名词性从句;而“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。
2.it作形式宾语
[教材原句] Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。
[语境运用] 句型转换/完成句子
(1)①While working, I found it was hard to work in the fields under a hot sun.
→While working, 　　　　　　　　 to work in the fields under a hot sun.
②Our parents should take care of us and we always take that for granted.
→We always that our parents should take care of us.
I found it hard
take it for granted
(2)③我认为抱怨没用,相反,我们应该立即行动起来保护我们的海洋。(应用文写作之发言稿)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　; instead, we should take action immediately to protect our oceans.
④他们感觉在日落前到达山顶是不可能的,但他们没有放弃。(读后续写之心理描写)
They 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 the top of the mountain before sunset, but they didn’t give up.
I think it no use complaining
felt it impossible to reach
当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作宾语时,为保持句子结构平衡,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句尾。下列四种情况须用it作形式宾语:
①当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词(如 think、make、find、consider、feel、believe等)的宾语时。
②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词,如appreciate、enjoy、like、dislike、love、hate、 prefer等,往往不能直接接宾语从句。
③that 引导的宾语从句一般不能直接作介词的宾语,而应用“动词+prep.+it+
that从句”结构,常见的有see to it that,depend on it that,insist on it that。
④由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中,宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时,须借用it, 即用“动词+it+介词短语+that从句”结构,常见的有take it for granted that,owe it to sb that。
单元能力·提升自测
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
People all around the world celebrate festivals,1.　　　　 have a wide range of origins.Although every festival has 2.　　 　 (it) different customs and unique charms,they have the spirit of 3.　　 　　 (share) joy,gratitude,
love,or peace.
Of all the traditional festivals,the harvest festival can 4.　　 　　 (find) in almost every culture.This important 5.　 　　 　 (agriculture) festival is held after all the crops have been gathered in.People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
which
its
sharing
be found
agricultural
Customs play 6.　　　　 significant role in festivals,but sometimes they can change over time.With modern society developing and new ideas
7.　　 　　 (spread),some traditions may disappear and others may be established.For example,in most cities,the public have been forbidden
8.　　　　 (light) firecrackers during the Spring Festival.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,because businesses take advantage 9.　　　　 the celebrations.People have different opinions about the changes.
a
spreading
to light
of
10.　　 　　 (festival) are an important part of society.They reflect people’s wishes,beliefs,faiths,and attitudes towards life.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life.They bring us a lot of benefits.
Festivals
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers 　 　　　(occasion) laugh at his unusual methods.
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)A feeling of 　　 　　(grateful) washed over me as I heard his words.
occasionally
gratitude
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)They make me feel valued and 　　 　(respect),
no matter my level of artistic ability.
4.(2023·浙江1月卷) Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler in design and 　　 　　(decorate), and the hutongs were narrower.
5. They finally reached the small village, surrounded by vast green
　　 　　(agriculture) fields.
respected
decoration
agricultural
6. Despite their different backgrounds,they discovered they had one thing
　　　　 common—a passion for adventure.
7.I congratulated him 　　　　 winning an award in the talent show.
8. “　　　 　(frank), I don’t know how we’re going to get out of this mess,” she said, her voice shaking with fear.
in
on
Frankly
微写作
告知信——节日和庆祝——端午节
假设你是李华,你的外国笔友Tom想了解中国端午节的有关情况。请你给他写一封电子邮件,告知相关信息。
1.收到你询问有关中国端午节的来信,我非常高兴。(pleased)
I’m more than pleased to receive your letter asking about the Dragon Boat Festival in China.
2.在这里,我会坦诚地与你分享其细节。(frank)
Here, I’ll be frank with you and share its details.
3.端午节有着重要且具有历史意义的起源。它在每年农历五月初五。(significant,historic,origin,fall on,lunar)
The Dragon Boat Festival has a significant and historic origin.It falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.
4.这个节日是为了纪念我们历史上的杰出人物屈原而举行的。(figure)
This festival is held in honour of Qu Yuan, a remarkable figure in our history.
5.人们利用这个特殊时刻相聚在一起。(take advantage of, moment, gather together)
People take advantage of this special moment to gather together.
6.一系列的活动营造出了美妙的氛围,其中最典型的是龙舟比赛和吃粽子。
(a range of, atmosphere, typical)
There is a range of activities creating a wonderful atmosphere.The most typical of them are dragon boat races and eating zongzi.
7.我很感激你对我们的传统节日感兴趣。我真诚地希望我的介绍能帮助你更好地理解它。(grateful)
I’m grateful that you show interest in our traditional festival.I sincerely hope my introduction can help you understand it better.
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用定语从句进行改写升级。
The Dragon Boat Festival, which has a significant and historic origin,falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.
2.将第6句用of which引导的非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
There is a range of activities creating a wonderful atmosphere,of which the most typical are dragon boat races and eating zongzi.
[连句成篇]
Dear Tom,
I’m more than pleased to receive your letter asking about the Dragon Boat Festival in China.Here, I’ll be frank with you and share its details.
　　The Dragon Boat Festival, which has a significant and historic origin, falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.This festival is held in honour of Qu Yuan, a remarkable figure in our history.People take advantage of this special moment to gather together.There is a range of activities creating a wonderful atmosphere, of which the most typical are dragon boat races and eating zongzi.
I’m grateful that you show interest in our traditional festival.I sincerely hope my introduction can help you understand it better.
Yours,
Li Hua
读后续写微技能
线训练——“哭”
　　要求:找出下列各句中点训练里出现过的词汇。
她一听到这个坏消息,眼睛就模糊了。她几乎要哭出来了,喉咙哽咽,几乎无法呼吸。抑制许久的泪水开始像雨点一样从她的脸颊上滚落下来。在这悲伤的时刻,她痛哭流涕,啜泣声在空荡荡的房间里回荡。她之前从未感到如此孤独和失落。突然,她停止哭泣并擦去了眼泪,决心面对困难。
读后续写微技能
线训练——“哭”
The moment she heard the bad news, her eyes blurred.
She was close to tears and her throat choked and she could hardly breathe.
Tears, which she had tried to hold back for so long, started to roll down her cheeks like raindrops.
In this moment of sadness, she cried her eyes out and her sobs echoed in the empty room.
She had never felt so alone and lost before.
Suddenly, she stopped crying, wiped the tears and determined to face the difficulty.
读后续写微技能
线训练——“哭”
要求:根据括号中的提示完成句式升级。
The moment she heard the bad news, her eyes blurred.①She was so close to tears that her throat choked, and she could hardly breathe(so...that...).
Tears, which she had tried to hold back for so long, started to roll down her cheeks like raindrops.In this moment of sadness, she cried her eyes out,② her sobs echoing in the empty room(独立主格结构).③Never had she felt so alone and lost before(倒装).Suddenly, she stopped crying and wiped the tears,
④ determined to face the difficulty(形容词作伴随状语).

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