资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
北京市2024-2025学年高二下学期英语期末模拟预测卷
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．（2024春 海淀区期末） When most teenagers his age are preparing for competitive exams or training to be athletes，Henry Burner，struggling with dyslexia （阅读障碍），decided to chart his own route for success.
At the age of 10，his class （1）　 　 a trading post，where students would sell and buy goods with heads.His mom suggested making cupcakes，but Burner refused. "Mom，the baked goods market is going to be totally oversaturated （过度饱和的）.Few students make things that last long.We need to make something （2）　 　 ." So he pulled out his mom's old button machine and made buttons.When Burner ended up with the most bends at the trading post，he felt for the first time that he was really successful.Arriving home，Burner asked his mom. "Can I make it a real business？" That was the （3）　 　 of Buttonsmith，a retail company which now has over 10，000 products available.
Along with his regular schooling，Burner played a large role in the company's strategic decision making and （4）　 　 his breaks and weekends working on the company.Buttonsmith started from the farmer's market before going online and （5）　 　 ，developing its own website.After going online，Buttonsmith's sales showed a significant upward graph and reached millions of people，and that was a （n） （6）　 　 point.Since then he has greatly （7）　 　 product lines into many affordable high quality products that allow people to express who they are to the world.
Starting with buttons，the company has diversified its product （8）　 　 and currently provides dog collars，leashes，business cards，banners，etc.To stay ahead of competitors，Burner has optimized Buttonsmith to have custom products made within minutes of the order being （9）　 　 and makes sure the products are in the customers' hands within two days.
After creating an impressive retail company at home，Buttonsmith is strategizing to spread its （10）　 　 to other countries. "Hove being an entrepreneur." concluded Burner.
（1） A．ran B．spotted C．decorated D．swept
（2） A．stable B．portable C．durable D．flexible
（3） A．mission B．initiation C．advantage D．performance
（4） A．killed B．delayed C．balanced D．invested
（5） A．eventually B．hesitantly C．frequently D．accidentally
（6） A．regular B．temporary C．crucial D．urgent
（7） A．slid B．poured C．packed D．expanded
（8） A．costs B．sizes C．offerings D．suppliers
（9） A．shipped B．placed C．deleted D．tracked
（10） A．roots B．wishes C．taste D．research
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．（2024春 海淀区期末） When facing the task of deciding your major，you should remember that the decision you make doesn't mean you are only destined for one path.
QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF AS YOU MAKE YOUR DECISION
●Do I have a career in mind？
Although your major does not necessarily dictate your career，some jobs do require a certain field of study.If you have your future career in mind，do your research and find out the education requirements.If you are at a loss with what you want to do，go ahead and research different career fields.A certain job might pique your interest，and that could prompt you to pick a certain major.
●How much does money matter？
Some majors do have higher potential earnings than others.If earning a lot of money is a primary goal for you，search for majors that pay off well.Feel free to reach out to the Career Center for more information on higher﹣earning majors and careers.
●What do I love to do？
If you love what you study，you will be more likely to pay full attention to your classes.which will probably lead to better grades and valuable connections in the field.Also you will find your college years more fulfilling if you cultivate your passion!
TIPS FOR DISCOVERING WHAT INTERESTS YOU
●Explore different courses!
Don't take random free electives just to meet the credit requirement for graduation.Explore different subjects!By branching out of what you know，you may discover an unexpected aptitude for sport management，or realize that you love psychology!Maybe an elective course could lead you to your major.
●Meet with a CDC staff member!
Your Career Development Center （CDC） is eager to help you!Meet with a peer Career Ambassador to talk about your career goals and the options for you.Also consider scheduling an appointment with a professional staff member to discuss potential career paths，internships （实习），and more!
●Utilize the CDC's online resources!
CDC offers many online resources for self﹣assessment and career search.We make recommendations for majors and careers based on your answers!See page 6 for more details of what we have to offer!
（1）If you don't know what to choose as your future career，you need to 　 　 .
A.cultivate a related hobby
B.aim for well﹣paid jobs
C.consider the education requirements
D.investigate different fields
（2）According to the passage，CDC could 　 　 .
A.give major﹣related advice
B.establish internship programmes
C.define your future career goals
D.select an elective course for you
（3）Where is the passage probably taken from？ 　 　
A.A research paper.
B.A commercial post.
C.A college brochure.
D.A recruitment notice.
3．（2023春 大兴区期末）Do you know the websites that let you name a star after your beloved one，your kid or your dog for a small fee？Yeah，those are all fake— you could pay me to "name" a star for ＄50，and I'll take your money and show the name online.I'll even send you a fancy certificate!It seems that you've named a star，but it just doesn't count.
Actually，the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union，or the IAU.It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris，France.It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record﹣keeping body for all discoveries in space.
Recently they do open up an opportunity for the public to name a dozen of planets outside the solar system.These planets will be among the first to be studied with the James Webb Space Telescope.However，they currently only have boring and complicated documents that were used to find them.That's why the IAU is looking for something more interesting.
But before you start naming the planets，you should know the rules.First，nothing is rude or annoying.Second，the name should be less than 16 characters long and pronounceable in at least one language with no commercial or business names and nothing is named after a living individual or a pet.
The competition，named "Stars Worlds"，is open next Thursday，January 20th.It's the third such contest the IAU has held，and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization.The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky.So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history.
（1）How does the author introduce the topic of the passage？ 　 　
A．By listing figures.
B．By taking an example.
C．By offering a solution.
D．By showing differences.
（2）What can we know about the IAU from the passage？ 　 　
A．It was founded by France.
B．It studies the space telescope.
C．It organizes trips to the space.
D．It has the right to name the stars.
（3）What is the last paragraph mainly about？ 　 　
A．Why the competition is held.
B．How the competition develops.
C．What to expect in the competition.
D．How to take part in the competition.
（4）Where is this passage most likely taken from？ 　 　
A．A novel.
B．A textbook.
C．A diary.
D．A magazine.
4．（2020春 海淀区校级期末）When Rachel Ratelle saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire﹣ravaged （火灾肆虐的） Australia，she decided to do something about it．
She looked up wildlife rescue and relief agencies in Australia to find out what they needed most．Besides donations，many organizations asked for hand﹣sewn （手缝的） and knitted pouches （袋子） and wraps for koalas and other animals that were burned or had lost their homes and parents in the fires．
This idea attracted Ratelle，but there was just one problem．
"I'd never sewn in my life，" said Ratelle，17，a senior at Rancho Buena Vista High School in Vista，US． "Giving money seemed like something too simple．But I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself，so I decided to learn how to sew．"
Over the next few months，Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew via videos online．Then she purchased 18 yards of fabric and sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and shipped them off to For Australian Wildlife Needing Aid （FAWNA），one of several relief organizations that have rushed to rescue koalas，kangaroos and other species suffering from burns．
A week later，she received a photo from FAWNA with a young joey （幼兽） in one of her larger pouches． "It made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way，" said Ratelle，who hopes to study biology for a future career as a nurse practitioner．
"I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people devastated （蹂躏） by natural disasters，" she said．
According to the World Wildlife Fund，it estimated that 1.2 billion animals have died，as a result of the bushfires，which have burned more than 26 million acres in Australia．
Several craft guild （手工业行会） websites around the world have mobilized （动员） for Australian relief by making the animal pouches．Karen Newberry and her two daughters Madison，12 and Rochelle，8，from San Diego also offered their help in such a way．For Newberry， "it was a big push that made we crafters，sewers to realize there's something more we can do than just make things for ourselves，" she said．
（1）What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about？ 　 　
A．What inspired Ratelle to learn to sew．
B．What is needed to save koalas and other species．
C．The poor living conditions of wild animals in Australia．
D．Different ways to help koalas and other animals in Australia．
（2）How did Ratelle feel when she received a photo from FAWNA according to the text？ 　 　
A．Proud．
B．Calm．
C．Surprised．
D．Disappointed．
（3）The statistics （统计数字） in Paragraph 8 are used to show 　 　 ．
A．how frequent the bushfires are in Australia
B．how harmful the bushfires are in Australia
C．the great varieties of wild animals in Australia
D．the difficulties facing relief organizations in Australia
（4）What do Newberry's words in the last paragraph suggest？ 　 　
A．People should stay united through difficult times．
B．Life is not easy for crafters and sewers in Australia．
C．It is challenging for crafters and sewers to do relief work．
D．Crafters and sewers can do more to help animals．
5．（2024春 通州区期末） We've all heard it before：to be successful，get out of bed early.After all，Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am，Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45am—and，as we know. "The early bird catches the worm." Indeed，it may be true that those who get up early have a jump start on the day before others are even out of bed.
But just because some successful people wake up early，does that mean it's a trait（特征）most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised，eaten breakfast，and done one task before 8 am makes you want to sleep in until next Saturday，does it mean you'll have a less successful life？
For about half of us，this isn't really an issue.It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning﹣oriented or evening﹣oriented，but somewhere in the middle.Roughly one in four of us，though，tend more toward bright﹣eyed early risers，and another one in four are night owls.For them，the effect can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10pm or being regularly late for work.
Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self directed and agreeable.And compared to night owls，they are less likely to be depressed，drink or smoke.
Although morning types may achieve more academically，night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory，processing speed and cognitive ability，even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning.Night﹣time people are also more open and more creative.And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning﹣types，—and a little bit wealthier.
Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Don't set your alarm for 5 am just，yet，as it turns out，changing your sleep times may not have much effect.
"If people are left to their naturally preferred times，they feel much better.They say that they are much more productive.The mental capacity they have is much broader，" says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff.On the other hand，she says，pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.When they wake early，for example，night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑激素）."Then，you disrupt（扰乱） it and push the body to be in the daytime mode.That can have lots of negative，physiological consequences，" Wulff says like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖） which can cause weight gain.
（1）What does the author do in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A.Analysing the problem.
B.Challenging a viewpoint.
C.Providing supporting proofs.
D.Presenting author's viewpoint.
（2）Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？ 　 　
A.Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.
B.Better not change your sleep times.
C.Avoid being﹣regularly late for work.
D.Don't fall asleep in front of the TV.
（3）Why does the author write this article？ 　 　
A.To explain why some people are more successful.
B.To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.
C.To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worm.
D.To compare the differences between early risers and night owls.
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．（2021春 房山区期末）
How to Study More Effectively
No matter whether you are preparing for some specific course，a professional degree，or an entrance exam，it's important to maximize study time and improve the efficiency of study.
（1）　 　 You can use a calendar，an app，or a pinboard time table to draft a schedule that works best for you.Include the study time，sleep，and the socializing time in the schedule.Make sure you give yourself more time than you think you need，especially if it's a subject you struggle with.
You can also cut your study time into short sessions.Your most productive studying typically occurs within the first 25 to 30 minutes of hitting books，so try to study in 30 minutes，and take a 5﹣10 minute break，so that you are able to absorb and consolidate the information.
（2）　 　
Studying isn't only spending hours and hours on list of what you think will be on an exam or quiz.（3）　 　 This can be done through a six﹣step approach：remembering，understanding，applying，analyzing，evaluating and creating.You should focus on a method that will help you achieve a higher level of learning.The higher levels of learning focus on asking questions such as what if，how and why rather than where，what and who.
（4）　 　 Research shows that being tested is not only useful in evaluating how well you have learned something but also valuable for avoiding future mistakes.Answering questions unsuccessfully can help you understand concepts better.If your professor offers you practice exams，take them home and learn from them.Understand why you got certain questions wrong and others right.（5）　 　 Force each other to expand answers in order to understand the material better.
Following the suggestions to study more effectively will mean shorter and more efficient study sessions，and eventually，better grades!
A.You can quiz yourself whenever possible.
B.Effective studying starts with the right attitude.
C.It is important to study in a smart way and go the extra mile.
D.Study with friends or classmates and question each other on the material.
E.You are more likely to do well before a quiz when you have time to review.
F.Creating a schedule is the first and most important thing to maximize your study time.
G.This is why a certain balance should be made and studying time should be cut into shorter sessions.
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．（2024春 昌平区期末）
A
Most students do an IQ test early in their school life.Even if they never see their results，they feel that their IQ is （1）　 　 determines how well they are going to do in life.When they see other students doing better than them，they usually believe that those students have a （2）　 　 （high） IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change their situation.However，new research into EQ suggests that success is not （3）　 　 （simple） the result of a high IQ.
B
（4）　 　 （face） with the problems of environment pollution and overdevelopment，people have set up some national parks （5）　 　 （protect） both natural features and wildlife.A good example of this is the Sanjiangyuan National Park in the south of Qinghai Province.It is home to many species of plants，along with rare animals.In most areas of the reserve，any permitted development （6）　 　 （monitor） closely.
C
Many people who grow up in small towns find themselves counting the（7）　 　 （day） until they get to escape their roots and plant new ones in bigger， "better"places.And that's fine.But they say it's important to remember where you come from.When （8）　 　 （think） about that，I can't help having an overwhelming feeling of gratitude for my root.Up to now，being from a small town （9）　 　 （teach） me so many important lessons， （10）　 　 I will carry with e for the rest of my life.
五．其他阅读题型（共1小题）
8．（2024春 顺义区期末） The world's seas，lakes and rivers are under much pressure from climate change，growing demand，development of cities and pollution，threatening their ability to support life.
Without better data to understand the health of increasingly stressed waterways，the fight to save these most precious resources will be ineffective，says Simeon Pieterkosky，co﹣founder of the technology company Aquaai."Visually every waterway is polluted so seriously that the ecosystem （生态系统） just can't balance back anymore，"he explains.
Aquaai is aiming to fill that information gap by using fish﹣like robots that collect data from underwater environments.Powered by batteries，they are designed to look and swim like a fish，with a body and tail that move from side﹣to﹣side as they swim through the water.
The standard version is about 4 feet long（1.3 meters） and weighs 30 kilograms and can be equipped with cameras and sensors （传感器） to measure oxygen，pH levels and the amount of salt contained in the water.
Pieterkosky was inspired to build the robots after his eight﹣year﹣old daughter learned about the dangerous situation of the seas and asked him to protect them.He says it's important that the robots can swim among the fish without being noticed by them.
The company has put its technology to use in California，where it was founded，and in Norway，where it has a branch company.It has operated in both fresh and salt water，and near fish farms，checking things like water quality and fish health.Many fish farms use fixed sensors to monitor （监测） water quality，but CEO and co﹣founder Liane Thompson says this can be inefficient in giant farms，where fish might gather away from the sensors.Instead，Aquaai's robots swim with the fish，collecting data wherever they go.
Thompson says its technology could be used in the areas for water management，fish farming operations and searching for abandoned fishing equipment.Besides，across the world，water resources are typically monitored by workers，which is slow and needs many people.She believes better automation is quite needed.
"Automation should play a key role in the future of water management by reducing waste and improving data collection for better decision﹣making，"said Robert C.Brears，the founder of water protection website Our Future Water.
（1）How does Aquaai fill the information gap？ （不多于10个单词） 　 　
（2）Who inspired Pieterkosky to build the fish﹣like robots？ （不多于3个单词） 　 　
（3）Where was the company Aquaai founded？ （不多于2个单词） 　 　
（4）What should play a key role in the future of water management according to Robert C.Brears？ （不多于1个单词） 　 　
（5）What does this passage mainly talk about？ （不多于6个单词） 　 　
六．书面表达（共1小题）
9．（2024春 石景山区期末） 假设你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华。2024年世界乒联中国大满贯赛事（WTT China Grand Smash event）将于9月在石景山首钢园进行，该赛事会务组正在招募志愿者，请你用英文写一封申请信。
内容包括：
（1）申请原因；
（2）你的优势；
（3）相关经历。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam，
______
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
北京市2024-2025学年高二下学期英语期末模拟预测卷
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．（2024春 海淀区期末） When most teenagers his age are preparing for competitive exams or training to be athletes，Henry Burner，struggling with dyslexia （阅读障碍），decided to chart his own route for success.
At the age of 10，his class （1）　A　 a trading post，where students would sell and buy goods with heads.His mom suggested making cupcakes，but Burner refused. "Mom，the baked goods market is going to be totally oversaturated （过度饱和的）.Few students make things that last long.We need to make something （2）　C　 ." So he pulled out his mom's old button machine and made buttons.When Burner ended up with the most bends at the trading post，he felt for the first time that he was really successful.Arriving home，Burner asked his mom. "Can I make it a real business？" That was the （3）　B　 of Buttonsmith，a retail company which now has over 10，000 products available.
Along with his regular schooling，Burner played a large role in the company's strategic decision making and （4）　D　 his breaks and weekends working on the company.Buttonsmith started from the farmer's market before going online and （5）　A　 ，developing its own website.After going online，Buttonsmith's sales showed a significant upward graph and reached millions of people，and that was a （n） （6）　C　 point.Since then he has greatly （7）　D　 product lines into many affordable high quality products that allow people to express who they are to the world.
Starting with buttons，the company has diversified its product （8）　C　 and currently provides dog collars，leashes，business cards，banners，etc.To stay ahead of competitors，Burner has optimized Buttonsmith to have custom products made within minutes of the order being （9）　B　 and makes sure the products are in the customers' hands within two days.
After creating an impressive retail company at home，Buttonsmith is strategizing to spread its （10）　A　 to other countries. "Hove being an entrepreneur." concluded Burner.
（1） A．ran B．spotted C．decorated D．swept
（2） A．stable B．portable C．durable D．flexible
（3） A．mission B．initiation C．advantage D．performance
（4） A．killed B．delayed C．balanced D．invested
（5） A．eventually B．hesitantly C．frequently D．accidentally
（6） A．regular B．temporary C．crucial D．urgent
（7） A．slid B．poured C．packed D．expanded
（8） A．costs B．sizes C．offerings D．suppliers
（9） A．shipped B．placed C．deleted D．tracked
（10） A．roots B．wishes C．taste D．research
【答案】（1）﹣（5）ACBDA（6）﹣（10）CDCBA
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。通过叙述主人公Henry Burner克服阅读障碍，从一个学校交易活动出发，创立并发展Buttonsmith公司的经历，展示了个人奋斗、创新思维和企业成长的过程。
【解答】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.ran经营；B.spotted发现；C.decorated装饰；D.swept扫除。句意：在他10岁的时候，他的班级经营了一个交易站，学生们在那里用假币买卖商品。根据后文的"a trading post，where students would sell and buy goods with heads."可知，此处指班级内部进行的一种商业活动，他的班级经营了一个交易站。故选A项。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.stable稳定的；B.portable便携的；C.durable持久的；D.flexible灵活的。句意：我们需要做一些持久的东西。根据前文的"Few students make things that last long"可知，亨利想要制作持久耐用的商品。故选C项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.mission使命；B.initiation起源；C.advantage优势；D.performance表演。句意：那就是Buttonsmith的起源，现在这家零售公司已经有超过1万种产品上市。根据前文的"When Burner ended up with the most bends at the trading post，he felt for the first time that he was really successful.Arriving home，Burner asked his mom. "Can I make it a real business？""可知，这里指的是Buttonsmith公司的开始或者起源。故选B项。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.killed杀死；B.delayed延迟；C.balanced平衡；D.invested投资，投入。句意：除了正常的学业，伯纳还在公司的战略决策中发挥了重要作用，并投入休息时间和周末为公司工作。根据后文的"his breaks and weekends working on the company"可知，此处表示他将个人时间投入到公司工作中。故选D项。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.eventually最终；B.hesitantly犹豫地；C.frequently频繁地；D.accidentally偶然地。句意：Buttonsmith从农贸市场起步，之后转到线上，最终开发了自己的网站。根据后文的"developing its own website"可知，此处应填入表示最后结果的副词，表示最终开发了自己的网站。故选A项。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.regular常规的；B.temporary临时的；C.crucial关键的；D.urgent紧急的。句意：在线销售后，Buttonsmith的销售额显著上升，达到了数百万人，这是一个关键点。根据前文的"Buttonsmith's sales showed a significant up ward graph and reached millions of people"和后文的"Since then he has greatly（6）product lines into many affordable high quality products that allow people to express who they are to the world."可知，销售额的大幅提升，极大地扩展了产品线，对于公司来说是一个关键性的转折点。故选C项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.slid滑动；B.poured倾倒；C.packed打包；D.expanded扩展。句意：从那时起，他极大地扩展了产品线，推出了许多让人们能够向世界表达自我的可负担高质量产品。根据后文的"product lines into many affordable high quality products"可知，此处指产品线的增加和多样化，因此"扩展"最符合语境。故选D项。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.costs成本；B.sizes尺寸；C.offerings供应，产品；D.suppliers供应商。句意：从纽扣开始，公司已经多样化其产品供应，目前提供狗项圈、牵引绳、名片、横幅等。根据前文的"the company has diversified its product"和后文的"currently provides dog collars，leashes，business cards，banners，etc."可知，这里指的是公司提供的产品种类，所以使用"供应"最为合适。故选C项。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.shipped运输；B.placed放置，下单；C.deleted删除；D.tracked跟踪。句意：为了领先于竞争对手，伯纳优化了Buttonsmith，使得订单被下单后几分钟内就能生产出定制产品。根据前文的"Buttonsmith to have custom products made within minutes of the order being"可知，此处指客户下单后快速生产。故选B项。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.roots根源，根基；B.wishes愿望；C.taste品味；D.research研究。句意：在国内创建了一家令人印象深刻的零售公司后，Buttonsmith正在制定战略，将其根基扩展到其他国家。根据后文的"to other countries"可知，这里指公司业务或影响范围的扩大，Buttonsmith正在将其根基扩展到其他国家。故选A项。
【点评】完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．（2024春 海淀区期末） When facing the task of deciding your major，you should remember that the decision you make doesn't mean you are only destined for one path.
QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF AS YOU MAKE YOUR DECISION
●Do I have a career in mind？
Although your major does not necessarily dictate your career，some jobs do require a certain field of study.If you have your future career in mind，do your research and find out the education requirements.If you are at a loss with what you want to do，go ahead and research different career fields.A certain job might pique your interest，and that could prompt you to pick a certain major.
●How much does money matter？
Some majors do have higher potential earnings than others.If earning a lot of money is a primary goal for you，search for majors that pay off well.Feel free to reach out to the Career Center for more information on higher﹣earning majors and careers.
●What do I love to do？
If you love what you study，you will be more likely to pay full attention to your classes.which will probably lead to better grades and valuable connections in the field.Also you will find your college years more fulfilling if you cultivate your passion!
TIPS FOR DISCOVERING WHAT INTERESTS YOU
●Explore different courses!
Don't take random free electives just to meet the credit requirement for graduation.Explore different subjects!By branching out of what you know，you may discover an unexpected aptitude for sport management，or realize that you love psychology!Maybe an elective course could lead you to your major.
●Meet with a CDC staff member!
Your Career Development Center （CDC） is eager to help you!Meet with a peer Career Ambassador to talk about your career goals and the options for you.Also consider scheduling an appointment with a professional staff member to discuss potential career paths，internships （实习），and more!
●Utilize the CDC's online resources!
CDC offers many online resources for self﹣assessment and career search.We make recommendations for majors and careers based on your answers!See page 6 for more details of what we have to offer!
（1）If you don't know what to choose as your future career，you need to 　D　 .
A.cultivate a related hobby
B.aim for well﹣paid jobs
C.consider the education requirements
D.investigate different fields
（2）According to the passage，CDC could 　A　 .
A.give major﹣related advice
B.establish internship programmes
C.define your future career goals
D.select an elective course for you
（3）Where is the passage probably taken from？ 　C　
A.A research paper.
B.A commercial post.
C.A college brochure.
D.A recruitment notice.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要为面临专业选择的学子提供指导和建议，包括自我反思的问题、探索兴趣的技巧，以及利用学校职业发展中心资源的方法。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。由文章Do I have a career in mind？部分中If you are at a loss with what you want to do，go ahead and research different career fields. （如果你不知道自己想做什么，那就去调查不同的职业领域）可知，如果你不知道选择什么作为你未来的职业，你需要调查不同领域。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。由文章Meet with a CDC staff member!部分中Your Career Development Center （CDC） is eager to help you!Meet with a peer Career Ambassador to talk about your career goals and the options for you.Also consider scheduling an appointment with a professional staff member to discuss potential career paths，internships （实习），and more! （您的职业发展中心（CDC）渴望帮助您！与同行的职业大使见面，谈谈你的职业目标和你的选择。也可以考虑与专业人员预约，讨论潜在的职业道路、实习机会等等！）和Utilize the CDC's online resources!部分中CDC offers many online resources for self﹣assessment and career search.We make recommendations for majors and careers based on your answers! （CDC为自我评估和求职提供了许多在线资源。我们会根据你的回答为你推荐专业和职业！）可知，CDC能够给出与专业相关的建议。故选A。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段When facing the task of deciding your major，you should remember that the decision you make doesn't mean you are only destined for one path. （当你面临选择专业的任务时，你应该记住，你所做的决定并不意味着你注定要走一条路）和文章最后一段CDC offers many online resources for self﹣assessment and career search.We make recommendations for majors and careers based on your answers!See page 6 for more details of what we have to offer! （CDC为自我评估和求职提供了许多在线资源。我们会根据你的回答为你推荐专业和职业！请参阅第6页，了解我们所提供的更多细节！）可知，文章主要是为面临专业选择的学子提供指导和建议，这段文字可能来自一本大学宣传册。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
3．（2023春 大兴区期末）Do you know the websites that let you name a star after your beloved one，your kid or your dog for a small fee？Yeah，those are all fake— you could pay me to "name" a star for ＄50，and I'll take your money and show the name online.I'll even send you a fancy certificate!It seems that you've named a star，but it just doesn't count.
Actually，the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union，or the IAU.It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris，France.It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record﹣keeping body for all discoveries in space.
Recently they do open up an opportunity for the public to name a dozen of planets outside the solar system.These planets will be among the first to be studied with the James Webb Space Telescope.However，they currently only have boring and complicated documents that were used to find them.That's why the IAU is looking for something more interesting.
But before you start naming the planets，you should know the rules.First，nothing is rude or annoying.Second，the name should be less than 16 characters long and pronounceable in at least one language with no commercial or business names and nothing is named after a living individual or a pet.
The competition，named "Stars Worlds"，is open next Thursday，January 20th.It's the third such contest the IAU has held，and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization.The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky.So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history.
（1）How does the author introduce the topic of the passage？ 　B　
A．By listing figures.
B．By taking an example.
C．By offering a solution.
D．By showing differences.
（2）What can we know about the IAU from the passage？ 　D　
A．It was founded by France.
B．It studies the space telescope.
C．It organizes trips to the space.
D．It has the right to name the stars.
（3）What is the last paragraph mainly about？ 　A　
A．Why the competition is held.
B．How the competition develops.
C．What to expect in the competition.
D．How to take part in the competition.
（4）Where is this passage most likely taken from？ 　D　
A．A novel.
B．A textbook.
C．A diary.
D．A magazine.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拥有行星命名权的官方机构——国际天文学联盟、该机构举办的第三届给星球命名的公众活动及活动规则。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的Yeah，those are all fake— you could pay me to "name" a star for ﹩50，and I'll take your money and show the name online.I'll even send you a fancy certificate!It seems that you've named a star，but it just doesn't count."（是的，这些都是假的——你可以花50美元给我"命名"一个行星，我会拿着你的钱在网上展示这个名字。我甚至会给你寄一份精美的证书！看起来你已经命名了一颗行星，但这并不算数。）可知，为了让读者对骗子网站的操作一目了然，作者以自己可以随意给行星命名来举例引出本文的主要内容——介绍IAU组织及其给星球命名的活动。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Actually，the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union，or the IAU.It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris，France.It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record﹣keeping body for all discoveries in space.（事实上，唯一拥有官方命名权的组织是国际天文学联合会（IAU）。它成立于1919年，总部位于法国巴黎。天文学家和其他专业人士在这里达成了协议，是所有太空发现的官方记录机构。）可知，从文章中我们可以了解到关于IAU，它有权为星星命名。故选D。
（3）段落大意题。根据最后一段The competition，named "Stars Worlds"，is open next Thursday，January 20th.It's the third such contest the IAU has held，and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization.The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky.So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history."（这场名为"群星世界"的比赛将于1月20日（下周四）开幕。这是国际天文学联合会第三次举办这样的比赛，目的是让公众对科学和该组织更感兴趣。这项竞赛还有助于打破欧洲在夜空天体命名方面几个世纪以来的主导地位。这样世界各地的人们就可以分享发现的喜悦，并在历史上留下自己的印记。）可知，最后一段主要讲的是活动举办的目的。故选A。
（4）文章出处题。根据全文大意以及最后一段中的"The competition，named 'Stars Worlds'，is open next Thursday，January 20th."（这场名为"群星世界"的比赛将于1月20日（下周四）开幕。）可知，本文介绍了真正拥有行星命名权的组织机构。本文时效性较强，应该是从报刊杂志上节选出来的。A．A novel.小说；B．A textbook.教科书；C．A diary.日记；D．A magazine.杂志。故选D。
【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
4．（2020春 海淀区校级期末）When Rachel Ratelle saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire﹣ravaged （火灾肆虐的） Australia，she decided to do something about it．
She looked up wildlife rescue and relief agencies in Australia to find out what they needed most．Besides donations，many organizations asked for hand﹣sewn （手缝的） and knitted pouches （袋子） and wraps for koalas and other animals that were burned or had lost their homes and parents in the fires．
This idea attracted Ratelle，but there was just one problem．
"I'd never sewn in my life，" said Ratelle，17，a senior at Rancho Buena Vista High School in Vista，US． "Giving money seemed like something too simple．But I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself，so I decided to learn how to sew．"
Over the next few months，Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew via videos online．Then she purchased 18 yards of fabric and sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and shipped them off to For Australian Wildlife Needing Aid （FAWNA），one of several relief organizations that have rushed to rescue koalas，kangaroos and other species suffering from burns．
A week later，she received a photo from FAWNA with a young joey （幼兽） in one of her larger pouches． "It made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way，" said Ratelle，who hopes to study biology for a future career as a nurse practitioner．
"I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people devastated （蹂躏） by natural disasters，" she said．
According to the World Wildlife Fund，it estimated that 1.2 billion animals have died，as a result of the bushfires，which have burned more than 26 million acres in Australia．
Several craft guild （手工业行会） websites around the world have mobilized （动员） for Australian relief by making the animal pouches．Karen Newberry and her two daughters Madison，12 and Rochelle，8，from San Diego also offered their help in such a way．For Newberry， "it was a big push that made we crafters，sewers to realize there's something more we can do than just make things for ourselves，" she said．
（1）What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about？ 　A　
A．What inspired Ratelle to learn to sew．
B．What is needed to save koalas and other species．
C．The poor living conditions of wild animals in Australia．
D．Different ways to help koalas and other animals in Australia．
（2）How did Ratelle feel when she received a photo from FAWNA according to the text？ 　A　
A．Proud．
B．Calm．
C．Surprised．
D．Disappointed．
（3）The statistics （统计数字） in Paragraph 8 are used to show 　B　 ．
A．how frequent the bushfires are in Australia
B．how harmful the bushfires are in Australia
C．the great varieties of wild animals in Australia
D．the difficulties facing relief organizations in Australia
（4）What do Newberry's words in the last paragraph suggest？ 　D　
A．People should stay united through difficult times．
B．Life is not easy for crafters and sewers in Australia．
C．It is challenging for crafters and sewers to do relief work．
D．Crafters and sewers can do more to help animals．
【答案】AABD
【分析】这是一篇记叙文．澳洲大火肆虐导致生灵涂炭，数十亿动物因此丧生，17岁的美国高中生Ratelle在了解到当地动物急需手缝的针织袋后，决定自学缝纫并将自制的袋子捐给了慈善组织，与此同时，全世界的手工艺人和裁缝们也都加入了救助澳大利亚野生动物的行列中．
【解答】（1）A．主旨大意题．根据第一段中"When Rachel Ratelle saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire﹣ravaged （火灾肆虐的） Australia，she decided to do something abou"和第二段中"Besides donations，many organizations asked for hand﹣sewn （手缝的） and knitted pouches （袋子） and wraps for koalas and other animals"可知，Ratelle看到了澳洲大火的视频，决心为此做点什么，然后又了解到当地急需动物用的针织袋，接下来就引出了她为此去学习缝纫技术，前两段交代的正是Ratelle学习缝纫的原因、动机．故选A项．
（2）A．推理判断题．根据第六段中引述Ratelle的原话"It made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way"可知，收到照片让Ratelle觉得她对于世界做出了一份贡献．由此判断出Ratelle显然是带着一种自豪、满足的心情．A．Proud 自豪的；B．Calm 平静的；C．Surprised惊讶的；D．Disappointed失望的．故选A项．
（3）B．推理判断题．根据第八段"According to the World Wildlife Fund，it estimated that 1.2 billion animals have died，as a result of the bushfires，which have burned more than 26 million acres in Australia．"据世界野生动物基金会（World widlife Fund）估计，在澳大利亚，森林大火烧毁了2600多万英亩土地，造成12亿只动物死亡．由此判断出这里描述的是澳洲大火造成的动物伤亡情况和波及的范围，就是为了表现大火的危害程度．故选B项．
（4）D．推理判断题．根据最后一段中引述Newberry的话"it was a big push that made we crafters，sewers to realize there's something more we can do than just make things for ourselves"这是一个巨大的推动，让我们这些工匠，裁缝工意识到，除了为自己制造东西，我们还可以做更多的事情．可知，她觉得这次帮助救济动物的行动让相关从业人员意识到了除了给人类做衣服以外，还有更多事情可以做，所指的就是在帮助动物方面还可以做得更多．故选D项．
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
5．（2024春 通州区期末） We've all heard it before：to be successful，get out of bed early.After all，Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am，Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45am—and，as we know. "The early bird catches the worm." Indeed，it may be true that those who get up early have a jump start on the day before others are even out of bed.
But just because some successful people wake up early，does that mean it's a trait（特征）most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised，eaten breakfast，and done one task before 8 am makes you want to sleep in until next Saturday，does it mean you'll have a less successful life？
For about half of us，this isn't really an issue.It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning﹣oriented or evening﹣oriented，but somewhere in the middle.Roughly one in four of us，though，tend more toward bright﹣eyed early risers，and another one in four are night owls.For them，the effect can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10pm or being regularly late for work.
Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self directed and agreeable.And compared to night owls，they are less likely to be depressed，drink or smoke.
Although morning types may achieve more academically，night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory，processing speed and cognitive ability，even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning.Night﹣time people are also more open and more creative.And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning﹣types，—and a little bit wealthier.
Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Don't set your alarm for 5 am just，yet，as it turns out，changing your sleep times may not have much effect.
"If people are left to their naturally preferred times，they feel much better.They say that they are much more productive.The mental capacity they have is much broader，" says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff.On the other hand，she says，pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.When they wake early，for example，night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑激素）."Then，you disrupt（扰乱） it and push the body to be in the daytime mode.That can have lots of negative，physiological consequences，" Wulff says like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖） which can cause weight gain.
（1）What does the author do in Paragraph 2？ 　B　
A.Analysing the problem.
B.Challenging a viewpoint.
C.Providing supporting proofs.
D.Presenting author's viewpoint.
（2）Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？ 　B　
A.Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.
B.Better not change your sleep times.
C.Avoid being﹣regularly late for work.
D.Don't fall asleep in front of the TV.
（3）Why does the author write this article？ 　C　
A.To explain why some people are more successful.
B.To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.
C.To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worm.
D.To compare the differences between early risers and night owls.
【答案】BBC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍一些成功的人是早起的人，人们认为早起是好的习惯，但是研究表明改变睡眠时间是没有好处的。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段And if the idea of having exercised，eaten breakfast，and done one task before 8 am makes you want to sleep in until next Saturday，does it mean you'll have a less successful life？（如果早上8点之前锻炼、吃早餐和完成一项任务的想法让你想睡到下周六，这是否意味着你的生活会不那么成功？）可知，作者在这段中主要是通过提问来挑战一种流行的观点。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据最后一段On the other hand，she says，pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.（另一方面，她说，把人们推得离他们的自然偏好太远可能是有害的。）可知，Katharina Wulff认为最好不要改变睡眠时间。故选B。
（4）写作意图题。根据第一段as we know. "The early bird catches the worm." Indeed，it may be true that those who get up early have a jump start on the day before others are even out of bed.（正如我们所知，"早起的鸟儿有虫吃。"事实上，那些早起的人在别人起床之前就有了一个跳跃式的开始，这可能是真的），可知，本文一直在围绕早起的好坏，最后得出的结论是不好。所以作者要写这篇文章是为了反对这种认为早起的鸟有虫吃的观点。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．（2021春 房山区期末）
How to Study More Effectively
No matter whether you are preparing for some specific course，a professional degree，or an entrance exam，it's important to maximize study time and improve the efficiency of study.
（1）　F　 You can use a calendar，an app，or a pinboard time table to draft a schedule that works best for you.Include the study time，sleep，and the socializing time in the schedule.Make sure you give yourself more time than you think you need，especially if it's a subject you struggle with.
You can also cut your study time into short sessions.Your most productive studying typically occurs within the first 25 to 30 minutes of hitting books，so try to study in 30 minutes，and take a 5﹣10 minute break，so that you are able to absorb and consolidate the information.
（2）　G　
Studying isn't only spending hours and hours on list of what you think will be on an exam or quiz.（3）　C　 This can be done through a six﹣step approach：remembering，understanding，applying，analyzing，evaluating and creating.You should focus on a method that will help you achieve a higher level of learning.The higher levels of learning focus on asking questions such as what if，how and why rather than where，what and who.
（4）　A　 Research shows that being tested is not only useful in evaluating how well you have learned something but also valuable for avoiding future mistakes.Answering questions unsuccessfully can help you understand concepts better.If your professor offers you practice exams，take them home and learn from them.Understand why you got certain questions wrong and others right.（5）　D　 Force each other to expand answers in order to understand the material better.
Following the suggestions to study more effectively will mean shorter and more efficient study sessions，and eventually，better grades!
A.You can quiz yourself whenever possible.
B.Effective studying starts with the right attitude.
C.It is important to study in a smart way and go the extra mile.
D.Study with friends or classmates and question each other on the material.
E.You are more likely to do well before a quiz when you have time to review.
F.Creating a schedule is the first and most important thing to maximize your study time.
G.This is why a certain balance should be made and studying time should be cut into shorter sessions.
【答案】FGCAD
【分析】这是一篇说明文。无论你是在准备一些特定的课程，专业学位，还是入学考试，最大限度地利用学习时间，提高学习效率都是很重要的。文章主要介绍了一些更有效学习的方法。
【解答】（1）F.推理判断题。根据后文"You can use a calendar，an app，or a pinboard time table to draft a schedule that works best for you.Include the study time，sleep，and the socializing time in the schedule.Make sure you give yourself more time than you think you need，especially if it's a subject you struggle with.（你可以使用日历、应用程序或针板时间表来起草最适合你的时间表。包括学习时间、睡眠时间和社交时间。确保你给自己的时间比你认为自己需要的更多，尤其是当这是一个你正在努力克服的问题时）"可知，本段的建议是制定学习时间表，F选项中a schedule对应后文中a schedule。故F选项"制定学习计划是最大化你的学习时间的首要也是最重要的事情"符合语境，故选F.
（2）G.标题归纳题。根据上文"You can also cut your study time into short sessions.Your most productive studying typically occurs within the first 25 to 30 minutes of hitting books，so try to study in 30 minutes，and take a 5—10 minute break，so that you are able to absorb and consolidate the information.（你也可以把你的学习时间缩短。你最有效的学习通常发生在阅读的前25 ﹣ 30分钟，所以试着在30分钟学习，休息5到10分钟，以便你能够吸收和巩固知识）"可知，上文提到的建议是缩短学习时间，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续对这一做法进行说明，G选项中be cut into shorter sessions对应上文中cut your study time into short sessions。故G选项"这就是为什么应该做出某种平衡，把学习时间缩短为更短的时间"符合语境，故选G.
（3）C.推理判断题。根据上文"Studying isn't only spending hours and hours on list of what you think will be on an exam or quiz.（学习并不仅仅是花费大量的时间在你认为会在考试或小测验中出现的东西上）"以及后文"This can be done through a six﹣step approach：remembering，understanding，applying，analyzing，evaluating and creating.You should focus on a method that will help you achieve a higher level of learning.The higher levels of learning focus on asking questions such as what if，how and why rather than where，what and who.（这可以通过六个步骤来实现：记忆、理解、应用、分析、评估和创造。你应该专注于一种能帮助你达到更高水平学习的方法。更高层次的学习侧重于问"如果"、"如何"和"为什么"等问题，而不是"在哪里"、"做什么"和"谁"）"可知，上文提到"学习并不仅仅是花费大量的时间在你认为会在考试或小测验中出现的东西上"，后文则提到了学习的六个步骤，可知本句应承接上文继续说明学习方式。故C选项"以一种聪明的方式学习并加倍努力是很重要的"符合语境，故选C.
（4）A.推理判断题。根据后文"Research shows that being tested is not only useful in evaluating how well you have learned something but also valuable for avoiding future mistakes.（研究表明，接受测试不仅有助于评估你学到了什么，而且对避免未来的错误也很有价值）"可知，后文提到了接受测试的好处，可知本句是在建议测试自己，A选项中quiz对应后文中being tested。故A选项"你可以随时测试自己"符合语境，故选A.
（5）D.推理判断题。根据后文"Force each other to expand answers in order to understand the material better.（为了更好地理解材料，迫使对方展开答案）"可知，后文提到了迫使对方展开答案，可知本句是在说明后文提到的"对方"包括哪些人，D选项中question对应后文answers。故D选项"与朋友或同学一起学习，并就材料互相提问"符合语境，故选D.
【点评】技巧
①通读全文，了解文章大意；
②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系；
③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；
④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．（2024春 昌平区期末）
A
Most students do an IQ test early in their school life.Even if they never see their results，they feel that their IQ is （1）　what　 determines how well they are going to do in life.When they see other students doing better than them，they usually believe that those students have a （2）　higher　 （high） IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change their situation.However，new research into EQ suggests that success is not （3）　simply　 （simple） the result of a high IQ.
B
（4）　Faced　 （face） with the problems of environment pollution and overdevelopment，people have set up some national parks （5）　to protect　 （protect） both natural features and wildlife.A good example of this is the Sanjiangyuan National Park in the south of Qinghai Province.It is home to many species of plants，along with rare animals.In most areas of the reserve，any permitted development （6）　is monitored　 （monitor） closely.
C
Many people who grow up in small towns find themselves counting the（7）　days　 （day） until they get to escape their roots and plant new ones in bigger， "better"places.And that's fine.But they say it's important to remember where you come from.When （8）　thinking　 （think） about that，I can't help having an overwhelming feeling of gratitude for my root.Up to now，being from a small town （9）　has taught　 （teach） me so many important lessons， （10）　which　 I will carry with e for the rest of my life.
【答案】（1）what（2）higher（3）simply（4）Faced（5）to protect（6）is monitored（7）days（8）thinking（9）has taught（10）which
【分析】这是三个片段：A 这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项关于情商的新研究表明，成功并不仅仅是高智商的结果。B 这是一篇说明文，举例说明了面对环境污染和过度开发的问题，人们建立了一些国家公园来保护自然景观和野生动物。C 这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了许多在小城镇长大的人都盼望着到更大的地方去，但他们会记住自己的根。
【解答】（1）考查表语从句。句意：即使他们从来没有看到过自己的成绩，他们也觉得自己的智商决定了他们在生活中会做得多好。引导表语从句，在从句中作主语，表示"什么"，所以用what引导，故填what。
（2）考查形容词比较级。句意：当他们看到其他学生比他们做得更好时，他们通常认为那些学生的智商更高，他们无法改变自己的处境。根据前面的better，可知用形容词比较级作定语修饰名词，故填higher。
（3）考查副词。句意：然而，一项关于情商的新研究表明，成功并不仅仅是高智商的结果。修饰动词is，所以用副词，故填simply。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：面对环境污染和过度开发的问题，人们建立了一些国家公园来保护自然景观和野生动物。be faced with"面对"，所以用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Faced。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：面对环境污染和过度开发的问题，人们建立了一些国家公园来保护自然景观和野生动物。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故填to protect。
（6）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在保护区的大部分地区，任何获准的开发都受到密切监视。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，monitor和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词development，所以be动词为is，故填is monitored。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：许多在小城镇长大的人发现，他们每天都在数着日子，直到他们能够逃离自己的根，在更大、"更好"的地方种下新的根。此处为动词短语count the days"数日子"，所以用名词复数作宾语，故填days。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：想到这一点，我不禁对我的根产生了一种强烈的感激之情。think和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填thinking。
（9）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，来自一个小镇的经历教会了我许多重要的教训，这些教训将伴随我的余生。根据时间状语Up to now，可知用现在完成时态，主语为动名词短语being from a small town，所以助动词为has，故填has taught。
（10）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：到目前为止，来自一个小镇的经历教会了我许多重要的教训，这些教训将伴随我的余生。先行词为lessons，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导，故填which。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
五．其他阅读题型（共1小题）
8．（2024春 顺义区期末） The world's seas，lakes and rivers are under much pressure from climate change，growing demand，development of cities and pollution，threatening their ability to support life.
Without better data to understand the health of increasingly stressed waterways，the fight to save these most precious resources will be ineffective，says Simeon Pieterkosky，co﹣founder of the technology company Aquaai."Visually every waterway is polluted so seriously that the ecosystem （生态系统） just can't balance back anymore，"he explains.
Aquaai is aiming to fill that information gap by using fish﹣like robots that collect data from underwater environments.Powered by batteries，they are designed to look and swim like a fish，with a body and tail that move from side﹣to﹣side as they swim through the water.
The standard version is about 4 feet long（1.3 meters） and weighs 30 kilograms and can be equipped with cameras and sensors （传感器） to measure oxygen，pH levels and the amount of salt contained in the water.
Pieterkosky was inspired to build the robots after his eight﹣year﹣old daughter learned about the dangerous situation of the seas and asked him to protect them.He says it's important that the robots can swim among the fish without being noticed by them.
The company has put its technology to use in California，where it was founded，and in Norway，where it has a branch company.It has operated in both fresh and salt water，and near fish farms，checking things like water quality and fish health.Many fish farms use fixed sensors to monitor （监测） water quality，but CEO and co﹣founder Liane Thompson says this can be inefficient in giant farms，where fish might gather away from the sensors.Instead，Aquaai's robots swim with the fish，collecting data wherever they go.
Thompson says its technology could be used in the areas for water management，fish farming operations and searching for abandoned fishing equipment.Besides，across the world，water resources are typically monitored by workers，which is slow and needs many people.She believes better automation is quite needed.
"Automation should play a key role in the future of water management by reducing waste and improving data collection for better decision﹣making，"said Robert C.Brears，the founder of water protection website Our Future Water.
（1）How does Aquaai fill the information gap？ （不多于10个单词） 　By using fish﹣like robots that collect data from underwater environments.　
（2）Who inspired Pieterkosky to build the fish﹣like robots？ （不多于3个单词） 　His eight﹣year﹣old daughter.　
（3）Where was the company Aquaai founded？ （不多于2个单词） 　In California.　
（4）What should play a key role in the future of water management according to Robert C.Brears？ （不多于1个单词） 　Automation.　
（5）What does this passage mainly talk about？ （不多于6个单词） 　Water protection.　
【答案】（1）By using fish﹣like robots that collect data from underwater environments.
（2）His eight﹣year﹣old daughter.
（3）In California.
（4）Automation.
（5）Water protection.
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲的是全球的海洋、湖泊和河流承受着气候变化、需求增长、城市发展和污染带来的巨大压力，威胁着它们维持生命的能力，一家科技公司Aquaai创始人Pieterkosky受到女儿的启发，发明了像鱼一样的机器人，在海底收集信息，以此来达到保护水域的目的。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第三段Aquaai is aiming to fill that information gap by using fish﹣like robots that collect data from underwater environments.（Aquaai的目标是通过使用像鱼一样的机器人从水下环境中收集数据来填补这一信息空白。）可知，Aquaai是通过使用像鱼一样的机器人从水下环境中收集数据来填补这一信息空白的。故填：By using fish﹣like robots that collect data from underwater environments.
（2）细节理解题。根据文中第五段Pieterkosky was inspired to build the robots after his eight﹣year﹣old daughter learned about the dangerous situation of the seas and asked him to protect them.（彼得考斯基8岁的女儿得知了海洋的危险情况，并请求他保护他们，这激发了他制造这些机器人的灵感。）可知，是Pieterkosky的八岁女儿激发了他制造这些机器人的灵感。故填：His eight﹣year﹣old daughter.
（3）细节理解题。根据文中第六段The company has put its technology to use in California，where it was founded，and in Norway，where it has a branch company.（该公司已将其技术应用于加州和挪威。加州是该公司的成立地，挪威是该公司的分公司。）可知，Aquaai是在加州成立的。故填：In California.
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"Automation should play a key role in the future of water management by reducing waste and improving data collection for better decision﹣making，"said Robert C.Brears，the founder of water protection website Our Future Water.（水保护网站Our future water的创始人罗伯特 c 布里尔斯（Robert C.Brears）说："自动化应该在未来的水管理中发挥关键作用，减少浪费，改善数据收集，以便做出更好的决策。"）可知，在未来的水资源管理中，自动化应该发挥关键作用。故填：Automation.
（5）主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲的是全球的海洋、湖泊和河流承受着气候变化、需求增长、城市发展和污染带来的巨大压力，威胁着它们维持生命的能力，一家科技公司Aquaai创始人Pieterkosky受到女儿的启发，发明了像鱼一样的机器人，在海底收集信息，以此来达到保护水域的目的。故填：Water protection.
【点评】阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。
六．书面表达（共1小题）
9．（2024春 石景山区期末） 假设你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华。2024年世界乒联中国大满贯赛事（WTT China Grand Smash event）将于9月在石景山首钢园进行，该赛事会务组正在招募志愿者，请你用英文写一封申请信。
内容包括：
（1）申请原因；
（2）你的优势；
（3）相关经历。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam，
______
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam，
I am a student from Hongxing High School.I am writing to apply for the volunteer position at the WTT China Smash event.I am excited about this role as it combines my love for table tennis and promoting Chinese culture.
I have excellent English skills，which makes me a great fit for welcoming international athletes and promoting cultural activities.
I have volunteered at international events like the Beijing International Marathon，where I successfully communicated with participants from different countries.These experiences have equipped me with the necessary skills to contribute effectively to your event.
I am eager to be part of this important event and contribute to its success.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【分析】高分句型一：I have excellent English skills，which makes me a great fit for welcoming international athletes and promoting cultural activities.
翻译：我有很好的英语能力，这使我非常适合欢迎国际运动员和推广文化活动。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：I have volunteered at international events like the Beijing International Marathon，where I successfully communicated with participants from different countries.
翻译：我曾在北京国际马拉松赛等国际赛事中担任志愿者，在那里我成功地与来自不同国家的参赛者进行了交流。
分析：本句使用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。
【解答】Dear Sir/Madam，
I am a student from Hongxing High School.I am writing to apply for the volunteer position at the WTT China Smash event.I am excited about this role as it combines my love for table tennis and promoting Chinese culture.（申请原因）
I have excellent English skills，which makes me a great fit for welcoming international athletes and promoting cultural activities.【高分句型一】（优势）
I have volunteered at international events like the Beijing International Marathon，where I successfully communicated with participants from different countries.【高分句型二】These experiences have equipped me with the necessary skills to contribute effectively to your event.（相关经历）
I am eager to be part of this important event and contribute to its success.（期望）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高

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