资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
广东省广州市2024-2025学年高二下学期英语期末模拟预测卷
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．（2024春 天河区期末） As I prepared our Saturday night barbecue，my daughter Rikki stormed into the house and went straight to her room.Then I saw our neighbor Amy walking home across the street.
"Rikki，come here.I need your help with dinner，" I called.She came with a（n） （1）　 　 look on her face —the kind kids have when they know they are wrong but have convinced themselves they are right. "I noticed Amy （2）　 　 .Why didn't she stay long？" I asked，watching her closely. "I don't like her，" Rikki （3）　 　 . "She dresses terrible and smells bad.None of us like her."
"That's not her （4）　 　 ，Rikki.I don't know what her family is like，but maybe she doesn't have anyone to help her." I reminded her that everyone is unique and worthy， （5）　 　 their circumstances.As I couldn't （6）　 　 her to like someone，I let it go.Rikki's Dad，who had been watching while grilling，asked what was going on.He wanted to know （7）　 　 Amy was leaving with her head down and looking so sad.Rikki explained that Amy just dropped over （8）　 　 .Her dad then said， "Rikki，would you like to come with me for a （9）　 　 trip？" Curiously，Rikki jumped in the truck.
They went to Amy's house and invited her over for （10）　 　 .Soon，they returned with a smiling Amy.The girls talked a lot and played （11）　 　 .We gathered around our picnic table under the huge oak tree.I could see Rikki had （12）　 　 her prejudice.They were unaware of what the world might throw at them as they grew up，but on this warm summer evening，everything was （13）　 　 .After Amy went home，Rikki's eyes （14）　 　 . "I had fun today，Momma，" she said. "I'm proud of you，baby." I smiled back.
Later her dad told me what they talked on the way to Amy's house.He explained how he felt for Amy because he had been in her （15）　 　 as a child.He didn't want Rikki to be judgmental but （16）　 　 and helpful.Rikki apologized，and she started thinking （17）　 　 .
Today，Rikki has a heart of gold.She is the first to （18）　 　 those whom others might turn away and is generous in helping others.She has the （19）　 　 to love the unloved.I believe that day （20）　 　 her.
（1） A.innocent B.stubborn C.surprised D.blank
（2） A.break in B.turn around C.pass by D.come over
（3） A.announced B.complained C.whispered D.bargained
（4） A.choice B.idea C.business D.fault
（5） A.because of B.regardless of C.according to D.except for
（6） A.force B.remind C.teach D.warn
（7） A.when B.how C.why D.whether
（8） A.uninvited B.uneducated C.unnoticed D.unwashed
（9） A.regular B.quick C.summer D.pleasure
（10） A.party B.dinner C.study D.fun
（11） A.happily B.safely C.quietly D.carefully
（12） A.deepened B.challenged C.overcome D.hidden
（13） A.perfect B.unique C.reasonable D.possible
（14） A.shone B.rounded C.watered D.wandered
（15） A.house B.shoes C.dream D.eyes
（16） A.grateful B.brave C.kind D.responsible
（17） A.seriously B.slowly C.differently D.clearly
（18） A.welcome B.inspire C.respect D.bless
（19） A.right B.chance C.duty D.ability
（20） A.pleased B.freed C.moved D.shaped
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．（2024春 天河区期末） "Although I have been teaching Hao Hao how to say 'mom' every day，he is still unable to say the word.He is now 24 years old，" says Zhao Xinling.Having a child with autism（自闭症），the 64﹣year﹣old has worked hard to help her son.
She is the founder and principal of the Loving Home for Children Special Education and Rehabilitation（康复） Center in Guiyang，the first of its kind in Guizhou province.Over the years，she has provided support to more than 7，000 children with autism and witnessed the autistic community flourish —from being under﹣recognized to being increasingly understood and accepted —and she has seen how the community is gaining more support from broader society.
Born in 2000，Hao Hao lost his language abilities suddenly when he was 22 months old and was later diagnosed（诊断） with autism.To better understand the disease，Zhao visited rehabilitation institutions，hospitals and schools in cities like Beijing and Guangzhou.She saw many parents like her and realized that their families shared enormous pressure.Fortunately，she met Guan Fuqin，a doctor among the first in Guizhou to provide autism diagnosis services for children.Guan advised her to establish an institution where children with autism could learn locally and their parents could help one another.And Guan would act as a volunteer，offering medical support.In 2003，the center was established.
Three years later，Zhao began trying her hand at integrated education. "In the past，we wanted autistic children to improve themselves and fit into the lifestyles of normal people.However，through integrated education，normal children can learn to understand，accept and care for autistic children.These two﹣way efforts can make the lives of autistic children easier，and their families happier，" she notes.The institute has carried out such practices with over 20 kindergartens，primary schools and high schools in the city，and more than 2，000 autistic children have been enrolled in regular schools.
Although there are still many challenges ahead，Zhao is confident about the future， "We need to view autism positively，accept it，and enjoy the different life it offers."
（1）What does the underline word "flourish" mean in paragraph 2？ 　 　
A.Unify.
B.Progress.
C.Change.
D.Succeed.
（2）What is paragraph 3 mainly about？ 　 　
A.Hao Hao's sudden disease.
B.Special support from a doctor.
C.The birth of the center.
D.Great effort to treat Hao Hao.
（3）What is Zhao Xinling's suggestion for normal people？ 　 　
A.Be an active volunteer.
B.Show respect to every life.
C.Treat autistic children differently.
D.Help autistic people adapt to their life.
3．（2024春 广州期末） My greatest regret in life is that I failed to tell my superb teachers how much they contributed to my early education.
Ruth Hammerman taught English to the eighth﹣graders.She was the first to show me the rules of what Evelyn Waugh called our "rich and delicate language." She was a no﹣nonsense instructor.Unlike common teachers，she diagramed （用图表展示） sentences so we could know the grammar rules.She never seemed to be tired of the simple pleasures of sharing her learning.
Under her influence，I had the strong belief that language needs to be well﹣spoken and properly written.Yet over the years I never made the effort to find her and to express my thankfulness for what she did for me.Two years after being in her class，I began the study of Latin and French，and the foundation she provided in English grammar served me well.Sadly，I never looked back.
In high school I took advanced French in a class taught by Richard Miller，the finest teacher I have ever experienced at any level.Mr.Miller brought to his subject a surprisingly deep understanding and new analysis.Reading "Phèdre"，Racine's classic play，he asked us to note there were 1，654 lines in it，and then pointed out the care Racine devoted to structure.Years later I made the same point—giving Mr.Miller credit—in a college French class，and my professor was surprised by my understanding of the play.Mr.Miller taught us to enjoy literature with particular points of view.Yet I never made the effort in later years to tell him what he meant to me.
Mr.Miller is certainly long dead.If she is alive，Miss Hammerman would likely be in her 90s.In preparing this article，I tried to find her but was unsuccessful.
I am certain my act is common.People often forget to express love and thankfulness to their teachers.I ought to have told Miss Hammerman and Mr.Miller how much they did for me.I suppose they knew their work was effective because they believed in what they were doing.Now I appreciate how special they were.
（1）What is the most beneficial part to the author in Miss Hammerman's class？ 　 　
A．Grammar.
B．Writing.
C．Speaking.
D．Reading.
（2）What is special about Mr.Miller's French class？ 　 　
A．He asked students to count lines.
B．He stressed the importance of play.
C．He analyzed literature in a new way.
D．He showed great devotion to students.
（3）What does the underlined phrase "my act" in the last paragraph refer to？ 　 　
A．Preparing the article.
B．Looking for the teachers.
C．Failing to thank teachers.
D．Copying teachers' points.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing the text？ 　 　
A．To show love for French literature.
B．To explore the meaning of education.
C．To explain why teachers are important.
D．To share memories of the two teachers.
4．（2023春 越秀区期末）
Seafood that never sees the sea
Although 80% of the world's seafood comes from marine harvests，there is a major shift under way toward aquaculture（水产业） now.Nearly 40% of salmon marketed today is raised in fish farms，compared with 6% a decade ago.Almost 35% of all oysters are produced in farm environments，along with 65% of freshwater fish."The fact that world seafood supplies continue to increase at all is due almost entirely to the phenomenal growth in aquaculture，" says Anne Platt McGinn，a research associate at the Worldwatch Institute.
Biotechnology is contributing to high﹣yield aquaculture through transgenics —— the transfer of genes from one species to another.Researchers introduce advantageous genetic features into fish，creating stronger stocks.For example，some species of fish have a protein that allows them to live in Arctic waters.By transplanting this "anti﹣freeze"gene into other species，researchers have created more fish that can survive in extremely cold water.Biotechnologists are attempting to improve a wide range of genetic features in fish used for aquaculture，developing fish that are larger and faster–growing，more efficient in changing feed into muscle，more tolerant of low oxygen levels in water，and better able to resist disease.
While aquaculture produces a reliable source of protein，there are a lot of environmental problems in the industry，claims McGinn.Perhaps the biggest concern is water pollution.Fish waste and uneaten food accumulate at farm sites and can float directly downstream into water supplies.McGinn charges that aquaculture also uses resources inefficiently.Fish farms need protein feed，and about 17% of ocean fish，an overharvested wild resource，becomes food for farm ﹣raised fish. "An estimated five kilograms of oceanic fish reduced into fish meal are required to raise one kilogram of farmed ocean fish or shrimp，representing a large net protein loss，" says McGinn.
Fish farming does not have to be an inefficient or polluting industry.McGinn predicts that many consumers will choose sustainably produced fish in the future， just as they prefer dolphin﹣free tuna （金枪鱼） today.
（1）What can we infer from Paragraph 1？ 　 　
A．Nearly 80% of the world's seafood is sourced from marine harvests.
B．The aquaculture undergoes minor changes within the recent decade.
C．Most of the seafood people consume are supplied by fish farms today.
D．The increase in aquaculture brings about the rise of world seafood supplies.
（2）How do biotechnologists promote the high production of seafood？ 　 　
A．They create even larger and faster﹣growing fish.
B．They make use of the technology of transgenics.
C．They introduce a variety of genetic features in fish.
D．They transplant "anti﹣freeze"genes into other species.
（3）What is one of the problems caused by present seafood industry？ 　 　
A．It fails to provide a reliable source of protein.
B．It reduces the wild resource for farm﹣raised fish.
C．It leads to the over﹣consumption of oceanic fish.
D．It causes great water pollution downstream only.
（4）What does McGinn mean by saying "just as they prefer dolphin﹣free tuna today"？ 　 　
A．Aquaculture is a very serious polluting industry.
B．Fish farming can be improved to be eco﹣friendly.
C．Most consumers are against the present fish farming.
D．Dolphin﹣free tuna is consumers' favourite fish meal.
5．（2023春 越秀区校级期末） It's interesting to see how people make use of the time they spend on public transport in Indian cities like Delhi and Mumbai.
In crowded buses and trains people manage to take a short nap and some even reach the snoring stage.Or they spread out a newspaper over multiple knees and arms to read about the latest sport results or political crisis.
Then there are the experienced travellers who have been playing cards with the same group over the last decade or so.They even have their specific seats so well﹣worn that you can make out the shape of their backsides.
There is no doubt about it.Travelling by public transport is being in the thick of the seasons of life—a sweaty life in summer where people blissfully unaware of the rivers of sweat running down their brows and inside their clothes.At the first smell of a perfumed man or woman boarding the stuffy bus or train most people feel they are reborn.
During the rains you can't avoid getting wet or muddied.The windows almost always are not a perfect fit and if you're not drenched by a sudden heavy rain shower then you are bound to catch a jet spray of muddy water caused by a fellow motorist driving fast through a puddle.
Rains are a perfect time for people to switch their old umbrellas for new ones.Since there are so many that look alike it's impossible to tell whose is whose.
Winter is the time when it feels good—or at least warm—to be part of a crowd.It is amazing how much the collective breaths of a 100 or so people can raise the freezing temperature inside.Looking at the masses dressed in their bright red pullover s or green coats it's fun to imagine what faces lie beneath their dark woolen hats.
The cold winter passes making way for spring.It is impossible not to see every little flower by the wayside blooming proudly.And the warm sun manages to transmit some of their pleasantness to the inside of a bus or train.
Now wouldn't it be perfect if we had a public transport worth the name in all our cities？
（1）On Indian public transport，you can always expect to see people 　 　 .
A．arguing and playing games
B．sleeping and reading newspapers
C．enjoying the view and playing cards
D．carrying umbrellas and whispering politely
（2）According to the author what will make passengers feel refreshed during summer travelling？ 　 　
A．The cool evening breeze.
B．The rain pouring over their clothes.
C．The joy of a game of cards.
D．The sweet fragrance of a new passenger.
（3）We can infer from the passage that 　 　 .
A．Indian transport is the most crowded in the world
B．the buses and trains are old and in poor conditions
C．Indian people don't mind switching umbrellas with others
D．almost everyone in India wears perfume when they go out
（4）What is the tune of language used in this passage？ 　 　
A．Concerned.
B．Critical.
C．Frightening.
D．Humorous.
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．（2024春 海珠区校级期末） In a world obsessed with "more" it's easy to overlook the power of subtraction（减法）.We're constantly bombed with messages telling us that we need more stuff，more money，and more followers. （1）　 　 Let's explore the power of subtraction，and how less can truly mean more.
We all have too much stuff.It's time to clear up.Donate or sell what you don't need or love.You'll be amazed at how liberating it feels to live with less. （2）　 　 The fewer possessions you have，the more you'll appreciate what truly matters.
In today's fast﹣paced world，our attention is a valuable commodity. （3）　 　 For example，excessive social media scrolling，watching TV shows nonstop or focusing too much attention on insignificant tasks is time﹣consuming.Subtract these time wasters and redirect your focus toward more meaningful pursuits.
（4）　 　 Assess the people in your life and determine who uplifts you and who brings you down.Identify who helps contribute to your success and who holds you back.Subtract the poisonous individuals and invest more time and energy into the friendships that genuinely enrich your life.
Our minds are often filled with worries，negative thoughts，and self﹣doubt.Learning to let go of this mental mess can significantly improve our overall well﹣being.Practice mindfulness techniques，such as yoga，to help clear your mind. （5）　 　
A．But what if more means a richer life？
B．But what if less is the secret to happiness？
C．Try to subtract your unhealthy habits from your life.
D．Identify meaningless activities that occupy your time.
E．We must admit not all relationships are worth keeping.
F．Embrace minimalism and focus on quality over quantity.
G．Thus，you'll make room for more optimism and creativity.
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．（2023春 广州期末） According to the fifth Global Biodiversity Outlook report，biodiversity is declining（1）　 　 an alarming rate.As the most biodiverse province in China，southwestern Yunnan is sharing （2）　 　 （it） conservation strategy on the international stage.
Seventeen years after the province first introduced the concept of Species with Extremely Small Populations （SESP），Yunnan showcased the （3）　 　 （achievement） in conservation on Dec.16th at a side event of the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties （COP15）to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity in Montreal，Canada.
"We will forever lose the opportunity for future development （4）　 　 some species bring if they go extinction，" says Yang Hua，（5）　 　 worker with the provincial forestry and grassland administration.
SESP，（6）　 　 （bring） forward by the province in 2005，was a concept to represent species which （7）　 　 （find） to be restricted in their geographic distribution and showed weak population growth.
Ever since then，the province's conservation efforts（8）　 　 （help） the population of Asian elephants reach around 360，and that of black﹣and﹣white snub﹣nosed monkeys is now 3，800.
Sun Weibang，director of the Kunming Botanical Garden，under the Kunming Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，（9）　 　 （recent） said that，during a decade of continuous development，Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations （PSESP） was applied as a model（10）　 　 （conserve） native plants in countries such as Italy，Russia，Mexico，and Iraq.
五．书面表达（共2小题）
8．（2024春 黄埔区校级期末） In the tapestry of my educational journey，I have been graced with the presence of numerous exemplary educators.Yet，one figure emerges with unparalleled prominence—Karl Chip.My encounter with him commenced during the twilight of my high school years as I pondered the halls of academia that awaited me.Chip was the unsolicited envoy for Wellesley College，a beacon for aspiring scholars and athletes alike.
Under Chip's mentorship，there existed a diverse array of young individuals，each categorized into distinct archetypes.The "academic star type，" those paragons of scholastic achievement seeking only a modest nudge in the right direction.The "international transplant type，" young souls who traversed vast distances to immerse themselves in the New England ethos，yearning for a compass to navigate their new surroundings.The "geniuses of economics type，" to whom Chip was a guarantor of commendations and a conduit to prestigious opportunities.And then，there were the "scratch and dent kids，" those carrying with them the invisible scars of life's challenges，brimming with latent potential yet grappling with the art of decision﹣making.If you bore the dual mantle of an athlete and a "scratch and dent kid，" falling under Chip's influence was an inescapable destiny.
I count myself among the ranks of Chip's proteges，classified as one of the "scratch and dent kids." Yet，irrespective of the mold we fit，each of us was showered with an equal measure of sagacity，affection，solace，and consideration.My narrative is but a single thread in the rich tapestry of Chip's impact on his multitude of students.
When I first set foot in Wellesley College a quarter of a century ago，I was an unseasoned athlete，my self﹣assurance as fragile as a fledgling's first flight.As my tenure at the institution drew to a close，I stood tall，my confidence restored—undoubtedly，a transformation that made me a more well﹣rounded individual.Much of this metamorphosis I attribute to Chip and his unwavering dedication to my growth and that of my fellow students.
The genesis of this transformation？Athletics played a pivotal role.The lore surrounding Chip's basketball team of the 1990s is one of remarkable resurgence.A team that，during the 1989﹣1990 season，was marred by the sting of defeat，claiming victory only twice amidst a sea of twenty losses.Yet，in the span of two years，and largely due to Chip's unyielding encouragement and belief in our capabilities，we ascended to claim a championship of note，our ledger for that year a stark contrast to our previous struggles，boasting twenty﹣four triumphs and a mere two setbacks.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The other part was academics.
______
Chip passed away after a long illness last year.
______
9．（2024春 黄埔区校级期末） 假定你是李华，新华中学学生会主席。你校计划举办一场关于科技创新的专题讲座，请你写信邀请李教授来校给同学们作此次讲座。
具体内容如下：
（1）活动目的：激发同学们对科技创新的兴趣，增强他们对科技改变未来的信心。
（2）讲座主题：科技创新如何塑造我们的未来。
（3）讲座时间：2024年9月15日上午9点至11点。
（4）讲座地点：学校礼堂。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实，行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Zhang，
______
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
广东省广州市2024-2025学年高二下学期英语期末模拟预测卷
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．（2024春 天河区期末） As I prepared our Saturday night barbecue，my daughter Rikki stormed into the house and went straight to her room.Then I saw our neighbor Amy walking home across the street.
"Rikki，come here.I need your help with dinner，" I called.She came with a（n） （1）　B　 look on her face —the kind kids have when they know they are wrong but have convinced themselves they are right. "I noticed Amy （2）　D　 .Why didn't she stay long？" I asked，watching her closely. "I don't like her，" Rikki （3）　B　 . "She dresses terrible and smells bad.None of us like her."
"That's not her （4）　D　 ，Rikki.I don't know what her family is like，but maybe she doesn't have anyone to help her." I reminded her that everyone is unique and worthy， （5）　B　 their circumstances.As I couldn't （6）　A　 her to like someone，I let it go.Rikki's Dad，who had been watching while grilling，asked what was going on.He wanted to know （7）　C　 Amy was leaving with her head down and looking so sad.Rikki explained that Amy just dropped over （8）　A　 .Her dad then said， "Rikki，would you like to come with me for a （9）　B　 trip？" Curiously，Rikki jumped in the truck.
They went to Amy's house and invited her over for （10）　B　 .Soon，they returned with a smiling Amy.The girls talked a lot and played （11）　A　 .We gathered around our picnic table under the huge oak tree.I could see Rikki had （12）　C　 her prejudice.They were unaware of what the world might throw at them as they grew up，but on this warm summer evening，everything was （13）　A　 .After Amy went home，Rikki's eyes （14）　A　 . "I had fun today，Momma，" she said. "I'm proud of you，baby." I smiled back.
Later her dad told me what they talked on the way to Amy's house.He explained how he felt for Amy because he had been in her （15）　B　 as a child.He didn't want Rikki to be judgmental but （16）　C　 and helpful.Rikki apologized，and she started thinking （17）　C　 .
Today，Rikki has a heart of gold.She is the first to （18）　A　 those whom others might turn away and is generous in helping others.She has the （19）　D　 to love the unloved.I believe that day （20）　D　 her.
（1） A.innocent B.stubborn C.surprised D.blank
（2） A.break in B.turn around C.pass by D.come over
（3） A.announced B.complained C.whispered D.bargained
（4） A.choice B.idea C.business D.fault
（5） A.because of B.regardless of C.according to D.except for
（6） A.force B.remind C.teach D.warn
（7） A.when B.how C.why D.whether
（8） A.uninvited B.uneducated C.unnoticed D.unwashed
（9） A.regular B.quick C.summer D.pleasure
（10） A.party B.dinner C.study D.fun
（11） A.happily B.safely C.quietly D.carefully
（12） A.deepened B.challenged C.overcome D.hidden
（13） A.perfect B.unique C.reasonable D.possible
（14） A.shone B.rounded C.watered D.wandered
（15） A.house B.shoes C.dream D.eyes
（16） A.grateful B.brave C.kind D.responsible
（17） A.seriously B.slowly C.differently D.clearly
（18） A.welcome B.inspire C.respect D.bless
（19） A.right B.chance C.duty D.ability
（20） A.pleased B.freed C.moved D.shaped
【答案】（1）﹣（5）BDBDB （6）﹣（10）ACABB （11）﹣（15）ACAAB （16）CCADD
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一天作者发现女儿Rikki对邻居Amy有偏见，认为她穿着不得体且有难闻的气味。作者试图教导Rikki每个人都是独特和有价值的，但没法强迫女儿去喜欢一个人。而作者丈夫用自己孩童时代相似的经历让Rikki意识到自己的错误，带她去邀请Amy共进晚餐。晚餐时，Rikki和Amy相处融洽，克服了自己对Amy的偏见。最终，Rikki学会了善良和乐于助人，她的心变得像金子一样珍贵。
【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.innocent无辜的；B.stubborn固执的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.blank空白的。句意：她带着一副固执的表情来了，就像孩子们知道自己错了却又说服自己是对的那种神情。根据下文"the kind kids have when they know they are wrong but have convinced themselves they are right"可知，Rikki脸上的表情是那种孩子们知道自己错了却又说服自己是对的神情，因此是一副固执的表情。故选B。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.break in闯入；B.turn around转身；C.pass by经过；D.come over过来。句意：我注意到Amy过来了。根据下文"Why didn't she stay long？"可知，作者是注意到Amy过来拜访，但没呆多久，come over"过来"指的是随意拜访或到访。故选D。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.announced宣布；B.complained抱怨；C.whispered耳语；D.bargained讨价还价。句意："我不喜欢她，"Rikki抱怨道。根据上文"I don't like her"和下文""She dresses terrible and smells bad.None of us like her."可知，Rikki是在抱怨Amy穿得很糟糕，身上很难闻，无法令人喜欢。故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.choice选择；B.idea想法；C.business商业；D.fault错误。句意：那不是她的错，Rikki。根据下文"I don't know what her family is like，but maybe she doesn't have anyone to help her."可知，作者认为Amy处于这样的情况可能是因为没有人帮助她，因此那不是她的错。故选D。
（5）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.because of因为；B.regardless of不管；C.according to根据；D.except for除了。句意：我提醒她，每个人都是独特和有价值的，不管他们的环境如何。根据上文"everyone is unique and worthy"和下文"their circumstances"可推知，作者是在强调不管环境如何，每个人都是独特和有价值的。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.force强迫；B.remind提醒；C.teach教；D.warn警告。句意：因为我不能强迫她喜欢一个人，我就随它去了。根据下文"her to like someone，I let it go"可推知，因为作者不能强迫女儿Rikki喜欢一个人，所以就随它去了。故选A。
（7）考查连接词及语境理解。A.when何时；B.how如何；C.why为什么；D.whether是否。句意：他想知道为什么Amy低着头，看起来那么伤心。根据上文"Rikki's Dad，who had been watching while grilling，asked what was going on."可知，Rikki的爸爸边烧烤边看着，已经了解了大致的情况，因此他会想知道为什么Amy低着头，看起来那么伤心。故选C。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.uninvited未被邀请的；B.uneducated未受教育的；C.unnoticed未被注意的；D.unwashed未洗的。句意：Rikki解释说Amy只是不请自来。根据上文"Rikki explained that Amy just dropped over"可推知，面对父亲的问题，Rikki给出的解释应该是Amy未被邀请便上门拜访，因此没有待多久。故选A。
（9）考查形容词和名词及语境理解。A.regular常规的；B.quick短暂的；C.summer夏天；D.pleasure快乐。句意：她爸爸说："Rikki，你愿意和我一起去短途旅行吗？"根据下文"They went to Amy's house and invited her over for （10）.Soon，they returned with a smiling Amy."可知，他们去了Amy家，很快就回来了，因此是一起去短途旅行，quick trip意为"短途旅行"，指时间较短、距离较近的旅行。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.party派对；B.dinner晚餐；C.study学习；D.fun乐趣。句意：他们去Amy家，邀请她过来吃晚餐。根据上文"As I prepared our Saturday night barbecue"可知，作者在准备周六晚上的烧烤，因此是邀请Amy过来吃晚餐。故选B。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.happily开心地；B.safely安全地；C.quietly安静地；D.carefully小心地。句意：女孩们聊了很多，玩得很开心。根据下文"I had fun today"可知，两人玩得很开心。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.deepened加深；B.challenged挑战；C.overcome克服；D.hidden隐藏。句意：我看得出来，Rikki已经克服了她的偏见。根据上文"Soon，they returned with a smiling Amy.The girls talked a lot"可知，他们带着微笑的Amy回来，女孩们聊了很多，因此相处很融洽，由此可知，Rikki已经克服了她的偏见。故选C。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.perfect完美的；B.unique独特的；C.reasonable合理的；D.possible可能的。句意：她们不知道长大后世界会给她们带来什么，但在这个温暖的夏夜，一切都很完美。根据上文"Soon，they returned with a smiling Amy.The girls talked a lot"可知，他们带着微笑的Amy回来，女孩们聊了很多，因此相处很融洽，此时一切都很完美。故选A。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.shone放光；B.rounded变原；C.watered浇水；D.wandered徘徊。句意：Amy回家后，Rikki的眼睛闪闪发光。根据下文"I had fun today"可知，Rikki表示自己玩得很开心，因此眼睛是闪闪发光。故选A。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.house房子；B.shoes鞋子；C.dream梦想；D.eyes眼睛。句意：他解释了他对Amy的感受，因为他小时候有过与她类似的经历。根据上文"He explained how he felt for Amy because he had been in her"和下文"as a child"可推知，固定短语in one's shoes"处于某人的处境中"符合题意，父亲因为小时候有过与Amy类似的经历，所以能理解Amy的感受。故选B。
（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.grateful感激的；B.brave勇敢的；C.kind善良的；D.responsible负责的。句意：他不想让Rikki评判他人，而是希望她善良、乐于助人。根据上文"He didn't want Rikki to be judgmental"和表示转折的"but"可推知，父亲不想让Rikki评判他人，而是希望她善良、乐于助人。故选C。
（17）考查副词及语境理解。A.seriously认真地；B.slowly慢慢地；C.differently不同地；D.clearly清楚地。句意：Rikki道歉了，她开始改变想法了。根据上文"Rikki apologized"可知，Rikki道歉了，她要意识到自己的错误，因此会开始以不同的方式思考，即改变想法。故选C。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.welcome欢迎；B.inspire激励；C.respect尊重；D.bless祝福。句意：她是第一个欢迎那些可能被别人拒绝的人，并慷慨地帮助别人。根据上文"Rikki has a heart of gold"可知，Rikki有一颗金子般的心，再结合下文"those whom others might turn away"可推知，对于那些可能被别人拒绝的人，她会第一个表示欢迎。故选A。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.right权利；B.chance机会；C.duty责任；D.ability能力。句意：她有能力去爱那些不被爱的人。根据上文"Rikki has a heart of gold"可知，Rikki有一颗金子般的心，因此是有能力去爱那些不被爱的人。故选D。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.pleased使高兴；B.freed解放；C.moved感动；D.shaped塑造。句意：我相信那一天塑造了她。根据上文叙述的那天Rikki在父亲的引导下，意识到自己的错误，改变自己的想法，接纳了Amy可推知，作者认为是那天的经历塑造了如今的Rikki。故选D。
【点评】完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．（2024春 天河区期末） "Although I have been teaching Hao Hao how to say 'mom' every day，he is still unable to say the word.He is now 24 years old，" says Zhao Xinling.Having a child with autism（自闭症），the 64﹣year﹣old has worked hard to help her son.
She is the founder and principal of the Loving Home for Children Special Education and Rehabilitation（康复） Center in Guiyang，the first of its kind in Guizhou province.Over the years，she has provided support to more than 7，000 children with autism and witnessed the autistic community flourish —from being under﹣recognized to being increasingly understood and accepted —and she has seen how the community is gaining more support from broader society.
Born in 2000，Hao Hao lost his language abilities suddenly when he was 22 months old and was later diagnosed（诊断） with autism.To better understand the disease，Zhao visited rehabilitation institutions，hospitals and schools in cities like Beijing and Guangzhou.She saw many parents like her and realized that their families shared enormous pressure.Fortunately，she met Guan Fuqin，a doctor among the first in Guizhou to provide autism diagnosis services for children.Guan advised her to establish an institution where children with autism could learn locally and their parents could help one another.And Guan would act as a volunteer，offering medical support.In 2003，the center was established.
Three years later，Zhao began trying her hand at integrated education. "In the past，we wanted autistic children to improve themselves and fit into the lifestyles of normal people.However，through integrated education，normal children can learn to understand，accept and care for autistic children.These two﹣way efforts can make the lives of autistic children easier，and their families happier，" she notes.The institute has carried out such practices with over 20 kindergartens，primary schools and high schools in the city，and more than 2，000 autistic children have been enrolled in regular schools.
Although there are still many challenges ahead，Zhao is confident about the future， "We need to view autism positively，accept it，and enjoy the different life it offers."
（1）What does the underline word "flourish" mean in paragraph 2？ 　B　
A.Unify.
B.Progress.
C.Change.
D.Succeed.
（2）What is paragraph 3 mainly about？ 　C　
A.Hao Hao's sudden disease.
B.Special support from a doctor.
C.The birth of the center.
D.Great effort to treat Hao Hao.
（3）What is Zhao Xinling's suggestion for normal people？ 　B　
A.Be an active volunteer.
B.Show respect to every life.
C.Treat autistic children differently.
D.Help autistic people adapt to their life.
【答案】BCB
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述赵新玲创办贵州省首家贵阳市关爱儿童特殊教育康复中心并向7000多名自闭症儿童提供了支持的故事。
【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据第二段Over the years，she has provided support to more than 7，000 children with autism and witnessed the autistic community flourish —from being under﹣recognized to being increasingly understood and accepted — and she has seen how the community is gaining more support from broader society.（多年来，她为7000多名自闭症儿童提供了支持，见证了自闭症社区的...... ﹣﹣﹣从被低估到越来越被理解和接受﹣﹣﹣她也看到了社区是如何从更广泛的社会中获得更多支持的。）中的the community is gaining more support from broader society可知，这里指自闭症社区的不断"发展"，所以猜测flourish表"发展"的意思，A.Unify团结；B.Progress发展，进步；C.Change变化；D.Succeed成功。故选B。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段中的Guan advised her to establish an institution where children with autism could learn locally and their parents could help one another.And Guan would act as a volunteer，offering medical support.In 2003，the center was established.（关建议她建立一个机构，自闭症儿童可以在当地学习，他们的父母可以互相帮助。而关将作为一名志愿者，提供医疗支持。2003年，该中心成立。）以及上文可知，本段主要讲该中心是怎样诞生的。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段We need to view autism positively，accept it，and enjoy the different life it offers.（我们需要积极看待自闭症，接受它，享受它所提供的不同生活。）可知，作者这里强调我们应该正常对待有自闭症人，不应该用异样眼光看待，换句话说，我们应该尊重每一个生命。故选B。
【点评】考查记叙文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
3．（2024春 广州期末） My greatest regret in life is that I failed to tell my superb teachers how much they contributed to my early education.
Ruth Hammerman taught English to the eighth﹣graders.She was the first to show me the rules of what Evelyn Waugh called our "rich and delicate language." She was a no﹣nonsense instructor.Unlike common teachers，she diagramed （用图表展示） sentences so we could know the grammar rules.She never seemed to be tired of the simple pleasures of sharing her learning.
Under her influence，I had the strong belief that language needs to be well﹣spoken and properly written.Yet over the years I never made the effort to find her and to express my thankfulness for what she did for me.Two years after being in her class，I began the study of Latin and French，and the foundation she provided in English grammar served me well.Sadly，I never looked back.
In high school I took advanced French in a class taught by Richard Miller，the finest teacher I have ever experienced at any level.Mr.Miller brought to his subject a surprisingly deep understanding and new analysis.Reading "Phèdre"，Racine's classic play，he asked us to note there were 1，654 lines in it，and then pointed out the care Racine devoted to structure.Years later I made the same point—giving Mr.Miller credit—in a college French class，and my professor was surprised by my understanding of the play.Mr.Miller taught us to enjoy literature with particular points of view.Yet I never made the effort in later years to tell him what he meant to me.
Mr.Miller is certainly long dead.If she is alive，Miss Hammerman would likely be in her 90s.In preparing this article，I tried to find her but was unsuccessful.
I am certain my act is common.People often forget to express love and thankfulness to their teachers.I ought to have told Miss Hammerman and Mr.Miller how much they did for me.I suppose they knew their work was effective because they believed in what they were doing.Now I appreciate how special they were.
（1）What is the most beneficial part to the author in Miss Hammerman's class？ 　A　
A．Grammar.
B．Writing.
C．Speaking.
D．Reading.
（2）What is special about Mr.Miller's French class？ 　C　
A．He asked students to count lines.
B．He stressed the importance of play.
C．He analyzed literature in a new way.
D．He showed great devotion to students.
（3）What does the underlined phrase "my act" in the last paragraph refer to？ 　C　
A．Preparing the article.
B．Looking for the teachers.
C．Failing to thank teachers.
D．Copying teachers' points.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing the text？ 　D　
A．To show love for French literature.
B．To explore the meaning of education.
C．To explain why teachers are important.
D．To share memories of the two teachers.
【答案】ACCD
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者对两位对他早期教育影响深远的老师未能表达感激之情的遗憾。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段的Unlike common teachers，she diagramed （用图表展示） sentences so we could know the grammar rules（与普通老师不同，她用图表展示句子，这样我们就可以知道语法规则），可知在哈曼老师的课堂上，对作者最有益的是语法部分，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段的 In high school I took advanced French in a class taught by Richard Miller，the finest teacher I have ever experienced at any level.Mr.Miller brought to his subject a surprisingly deep understanding and new analysis（高中时，我在理查德 米勒教授的一门课上学习了高级法语，他是我在任何级别上遇到的最优秀的老师。米勒先生对这一主题有着令人惊讶的深刻理解和新的分析），可知米勒先生在法语课上以一种新的方式分析文学，故选C。
（3）词语猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子以及后句I am certain my act is common.People often forget to express love and thankfulness to their teachers（我确信我的行为很正常。人们经常忘记向老师表达爱意和感激之情），可知my act代指后句forget to express love and thankfulness to their teachers，所以my act指的是C．Failing to thank teachers（不感谢老师），故选C。
（4）写作目的题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段My greatest regret in life is that I failed to tell my superb teachers how much they contributed to my early education（我一生中最大的遗憾是，我没有告诉我的优秀老师他们为我的早期教育做出了多大的贡献），可知作者写这篇文章的目的是分享自己对两位老师的回忆，故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4．（2023春 越秀区期末）
Seafood that never sees the sea
Although 80% of the world's seafood comes from marine harvests，there is a major shift under way toward aquaculture（水产业） now.Nearly 40% of salmon marketed today is raised in fish farms，compared with 6% a decade ago.Almost 35% of all oysters are produced in farm environments，along with 65% of freshwater fish."The fact that world seafood supplies continue to increase at all is due almost entirely to the phenomenal growth in aquaculture，" says Anne Platt McGinn，a research associate at the Worldwatch Institute.
Biotechnology is contributing to high﹣yield aquaculture through transgenics —— the transfer of genes from one species to another.Researchers introduce advantageous genetic features into fish，creating stronger stocks.For example，some species of fish have a protein that allows them to live in Arctic waters.By transplanting this "anti﹣freeze"gene into other species，researchers have created more fish that can survive in extremely cold water.Biotechnologists are attempting to improve a wide range of genetic features in fish used for aquaculture，developing fish that are larger and faster–growing，more efficient in changing feed into muscle，more tolerant of low oxygen levels in water，and better able to resist disease.
While aquaculture produces a reliable source of protein，there are a lot of environmental problems in the industry，claims McGinn.Perhaps the biggest concern is water pollution.Fish waste and uneaten food accumulate at farm sites and can float directly downstream into water supplies.McGinn charges that aquaculture also uses resources inefficiently.Fish farms need protein feed，and about 17% of ocean fish，an overharvested wild resource，becomes food for farm ﹣raised fish. "An estimated five kilograms of oceanic fish reduced into fish meal are required to raise one kilogram of farmed ocean fish or shrimp，representing a large net protein loss，" says McGinn.
Fish farming does not have to be an inefficient or polluting industry.McGinn predicts that many consumers will choose sustainably produced fish in the future， just as they prefer dolphin﹣free tuna （金枪鱼） today.
（1）What can we infer from Paragraph 1？ 　D　
A．Nearly 80% of the world's seafood is sourced from marine harvests.
B．The aquaculture undergoes minor changes within the recent decade.
C．Most of the seafood people consume are supplied by fish farms today.
D．The increase in aquaculture brings about the rise of world seafood supplies.
（2）How do biotechnologists promote the high production of seafood？ 　B　
A．They create even larger and faster﹣growing fish.
B．They make use of the technology of transgenics.
C．They introduce a variety of genetic features in fish.
D．They transplant "anti﹣freeze"genes into other species.
（3）What is one of the problems caused by present seafood industry？ 　C　
A．It fails to provide a reliable source of protein.
B．It reduces the wild resource for farm﹣raised fish.
C．It leads to the over﹣consumption of oceanic fish.
D．It causes great water pollution downstream only.
（4）What does McGinn mean by saying "just as they prefer dolphin﹣free tuna today"？ 　B　
A．Aquaculture is a very serious polluting industry.
B．Fish farming can be improved to be eco﹣friendly.
C．Most consumers are against the present fish farming.
D．Dolphin﹣free tuna is consumers' favourite fish meal.
【答案】DBCB
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了海洋养殖业的发展和影响。全球80%的海鲜来自海洋捕捞，但现在正发生一场重大转变，向水产养殖业转变。现在市场上销售的三文鱼中有近40%是在养鱼场中养殖的，而十年前只有6%。几乎35%的牡蛎和65%的淡水鱼都是在养殖环境中产生的。生物技术通过转基因技术为高产水产养殖做出了贡献。研究人员将有利的基因特征引入鱼类，创造出更强壮的鱼类。虽然水产养殖业提供了可靠的蛋白质来源，但环境问题也很多，其中最大的问题是水污染。鱼类的废物和未被食用的饲料会在养殖场积累，并直接流入水源。此外，水产养殖业资源利用效率低下，需要大量的蛋白质饲料，而约17%的海洋鱼类成为养殖鱼类的食物。研究人员预测，未来许多消费者将选择可持续生产的鱼类，就像他们今天更喜欢无海豚标志的金枪鱼一样。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段The fact that world seafood supplies continue to increase at all is due almost entirely to the phenomenal growth in aquaculture，" says Anne Platt McGinn，a research associate at the Worldwatch Institute.（世界观察研究所的研究助理Anne Platt McGinn说："世界海产品供应持续增加的事实几乎完全是由于水产养殖的显著增长。"）可知从第一段我们可以推断出水产养殖的增加带来了世界海产品供应的增加。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Biotechnology is contributing to high﹣yield aquaculture through transgenics —— the transfer of genes from one species to another.（生物技术通过转基因——将基因从一个物种转移到另一个物种——促进了高产水产养殖。）可知生物技术专家利用转基因技术来促进海产品的高产。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Fish farms need protein feed，and about 17% of ocean fish，an overharvested wild resource，becomes food for farm ﹣raised fish. （养鱼场需要蛋白质饲料，而大约17%的海洋鱼类（一种过度捕捞的野生资源）成为了养殖鱼类的食物。）可知目前海产品产业造成的问题之一是它导致了对海洋鱼类的过度消费。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Fish farming does not have to be an inefficient or polluting industry.McGinn predicts that many consumers will choose sustainably produced fish in the future， just as they prefer dolphin﹣free tuna （金枪鱼） today（养鱼业不一定是一个效率低下或污染严重的行业。McGinn预测，未来许多消费者将选择可持续生产的鱼类，就像他们今天更喜欢没有海豚的金枪鱼一样。）可知"just as they prefer dolphin﹣free tun a today"？意思是：养鱼可以改进为生态友好型。故选B。
【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
5．（2023春 越秀区校级期末） It's interesting to see how people make use of the time they spend on public transport in Indian cities like Delhi and Mumbai.
In crowded buses and trains people manage to take a short nap and some even reach the snoring stage.Or they spread out a newspaper over multiple knees and arms to read about the latest sport results or political crisis.
Then there are the experienced travellers who have been playing cards with the same group over the last decade or so.They even have their specific seats so well﹣worn that you can make out the shape of their backsides.
There is no doubt about it.Travelling by public transport is being in the thick of the seasons of life—a sweaty life in summer where people blissfully unaware of the rivers of sweat running down their brows and inside their clothes.At the first smell of a perfumed man or woman boarding the stuffy bus or train most people feel they are reborn.
During the rains you can't avoid getting wet or muddied.The windows almost always are not a perfect fit and if you're not drenched by a sudden heavy rain shower then you are bound to catch a jet spray of muddy water caused by a fellow motorist driving fast through a puddle.
Rains are a perfect time for people to switch their old umbrellas for new ones.Since there are so many that look alike it's impossible to tell whose is whose.
Winter is the time when it feels good—or at least warm—to be part of a crowd.It is amazing how much the collective breaths of a 100 or so people can raise the freezing temperature inside.Looking at the masses dressed in their bright red pullover s or green coats it's fun to imagine what faces lie beneath their dark woolen hats.
The cold winter passes making way for spring.It is impossible not to see every little flower by the wayside blooming proudly.And the warm sun manages to transmit some of their pleasantness to the inside of a bus or train.
Now wouldn't it be perfect if we had a public transport worth the name in all our cities？
（1）On Indian public transport，you can always expect to see people 　B　 .
A．arguing and playing games
B．sleeping and reading newspapers
C．enjoying the view and playing cards
D．carrying umbrellas and whispering politely
（2）According to the author what will make passengers feel refreshed during summer travelling？ 　D　
A．The cool evening breeze.
B．The rain pouring over their clothes.
C．The joy of a game of cards.
D．The sweet fragrance of a new passenger.
（3）We can infer from the passage that 　B　 .
A．Indian transport is the most crowded in the world
B．the buses and trains are old and in poor conditions
C．Indian people don't mind switching umbrellas with others
D．almost everyone in India wears perfume when they go out
（4）What is the tune of language used in this passage？ 　D　
A．Concerned.
B．Critical.
C．Frightening.
D．Humorous.
【答案】BDBD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。这段短文主要描述了印度城市如德里和孟买的公共交通中人们如何利用他们的时间。人们在拥挤的公共汽车和火车上打盹，有些人甚至打起了呼噜。他们会在多个膝盖和手臂上铺开报纸，阅读最新的体育比赛结果或政治危机。还有那些经验丰富的旅行者，他们已经在过去的十年里与同一群人打牌了，甚至他们的座位都磨得可以看出他们的臀部形状。毫无疑问，乘坐公共交通是生活的一部分，夏天人们在汗流浃背中无意识地幸福地度过，而在闷热的公交车或火车上闻到一股香水味时，大多数人都觉得自己重生了。在雨季，你无法避免湿身或弄脏。窗户几乎总是不完全贴合，如果你没有被突然的大雨淋湿，那么你一定会被其他司机快速驶过水坑时溅起的泥水喷到。雨季是人们换新伞的好时机，因为有很多伞看起来都一样，无法分辨出谁的是谁的。冬天是感觉好，或者至少是温暖的时候，成为人群的一部分。令人惊讶的是，大约100个人的集体呼吸可以提高车内的冷冻温度。看着穿着亮红色套头衫或绿色外套的人群，想象他们黑色羊毛帽子下的面孔是很有趣的。寒冷的冬天过去，为春天让路。不可能不看到路边每一朵自豪地绽放的小花。温暖的阳光设法将其中的一些愉悦传递到公交车或火车的内部。现在，如果我们所有的城市都有一个名副其实的公共交通系统，那将是完美的。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中In crowded buses and trains people manage to take a short nap and some even reach the snoring stage.Or they spread out a newspaper over multiple knees and arms to read about the latest sport results or political crisis.（在拥挤的公共汽车和火车上，人们设法打个盹，有些人甚至到了打鼾的阶段。或者他们把报纸摊在膝盖和手臂上，阅读最新的体育成绩或政治危机。）可知，在印度的公共交通工具上，你总是可以看到人们在打瞌睡或者是在看报纸，故选择B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段At the first smell of a perfumed man or woman boarding the stuffy bus or train most people feel they are reborn.（在闷热的公共汽车或火车上，闻一闻香水味的男人或女人，大多数人都会觉得自己重获新生。）可知，夏季出行乘客身上的香水味会让人神清气爽，故选择D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段During the rains you can't avoid getting wet or muddied.The windows almost always are not a perfect fit and if you're not drenched by a sudden heavy rain shower then you are bound to catch a jet spray of muddy water caused by a fellow motorist driving fast through a puddle.（在下雨的时候，你不可避免地会淋湿或泥泞不堪。窗户几乎总是不太合适，如果你没有被突如其来的大雨淋得湿透，那么你一定会被一位驾车者在水坑中快速行驶所引起的泥浆喷射。）可知，公共汽车和火车都很旧，而且条件很差，故选择B项。
（4）推理判断题。通话读全文以及根据第六段Rains are a perfect time for people to switch their old umbrellas for new ones.Since there are so many that look alike it's impossible to tell whose is whose（下雨是人们把旧雨伞换成新雨伞的最佳时机。既然有那么人多长得像，就不可能分辨出谁是谁的）可知，作者在写作时运用了幽默的语言风格，故选择D项。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．（2024春 海珠区校级期末） In a world obsessed with "more" it's easy to overlook the power of subtraction（减法）.We're constantly bombed with messages telling us that we need more stuff，more money，and more followers. （1）　B　 Let's explore the power of subtraction，and how less can truly mean more.
We all have too much stuff.It's time to clear up.Donate or sell what you don't need or love.You'll be amazed at how liberating it feels to live with less. （2）　F　 The fewer possessions you have，the more you'll appreciate what truly matters.
In today's fast﹣paced world，our attention is a valuable commodity. （3）　D　 For example，excessive social media scrolling，watching TV shows nonstop or focusing too much attention on insignificant tasks is time﹣consuming.Subtract these time wasters and redirect your focus toward more meaningful pursuits.
（4）　E　 Assess the people in your life and determine who uplifts you and who brings you down.Identify who helps contribute to your success and who holds you back.Subtract the poisonous individuals and invest more time and energy into the friendships that genuinely enrich your life.
Our minds are often filled with worries，negative thoughts，and self﹣doubt.Learning to let go of this mental mess can significantly improve our overall well﹣being.Practice mindfulness techniques，such as yoga，to help clear your mind. （5）　G　
A．But what if more means a richer life？
B．But what if less is the secret to happiness？
C．Try to subtract your unhealthy habits from your life.
D．Identify meaningless activities that occupy your time.
E．We must admit not all relationships are worth keeping.
F．Embrace minimalism and focus on quality over quantity.
G．Thus，you'll make room for more optimism and creativity.
【答案】BFDEG
【分析】这是一篇说明文，本文主要讲的是生活中"做减法"的意义以及在生活各方面如何"做减法"的建议。
【解答】（1）语境衔接题。根据空前In a world obsessed with "more" it's easy to overlook the power of subtraction（减法）.We're constantly bombed with messages telling us that we need more stuff，more money，and more followers.（在一个痴迷于"更多"的世界里，很容易忽视减法的力量。我们持续不断地被各种信息轰炸，告诉我们要有更多的东西，更多的钱，更多的粉丝。）可知，本句强调了当今生活中主流的要做"加法"的思想，根据空后Let's explore the power of subtraction，and how less can truly mean more.（让我们来探索减法的力量，以及如何更少才能真正意味着更多。）可知，则强调了减法的力量，空处承上启下，所以空处应该缺少一个表示转折，并且是强调"减法"力量的句子，B项"但是，如果幸福的秘诀是少呢？"符合语境。故选B项。
（2）语境衔接题。根据空前We all have too much stuff.It's time to clear up.Donate or sell what you don't need or love.You'll be amazed at how liberating it feels to live with less.（我们都有太多的东西。该打扫了。捐赠或出售你不需要或不喜欢的东西。你会惊奇地发现少花钱是多么的自由。）可知，此处讲的是应该捐出或出售自己不需要或不喜欢的东西，和空后The fewer possessions you have，the more you'll appreciate what truly matters.（拥有越少的东西，你越会欣赏那些真正重要的东西。）可知，本句强调了东西的质量胜过于东西的数量，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们更应该注重东西的质量而不是数量，F项"拥抱极简主义，注重质量而不是数量。"符合语境。故选F项。
（3）语境衔接题。根据空前In today's fast﹣paced world，our attention is a valuable commodity.（在当今快节奏的世界里，我们的注意力是一种宝贵的商品。）可知，此处讲的是在当今快节奏的世界里，我们的注意力是非常宝贵的，和后文For example，excessive social media scrolling，watching TV shows nonstop or focusing too much attention on insignificant tasks is time﹣consuming.（过度刷社交媒体，不停地看电视节目，或者把太多的注意力集中在无关紧要的任务上，这些都很耗时。）可知，本句话所提到的都是一些占据时间的不重要的活动，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是人们要学会辨别这些不重要的活动，避免浪费时间，D项"找出那些占用你时间的无意义活动。"符合语境。故选D项。
（4）联系下文题。根据后文Subtract the poisonous individuals and invest more time and energy into the friendships that genuinely enrich your life.（从你的生活中去掉那些有害的人，把时间投资在真正让你的生活变得丰富的友谊中。）可知，此处强调的是我们应该把时间投资在真正让自己的生活变得丰富的友谊中，所以空处应该讲这样做的原因是什么，选项E"我们必须承认并不是所有的关系都值得保持。"符合语境。故选E项。
（5）联系上文题。根据空前Practice mindfulness techniques，such as yoga，to help clear your mind（练习专注的技巧，比如瑜伽，来帮助你理清思路。）可知，这是一个练习专注的建议，所以空处应该是这个建议所带来的结果，G选项"因此，你会为更多的乐观和创造力腾出空间。"符合语境。故选G项。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．（2023春 广州期末） According to the fifth Global Biodiversity Outlook report，biodiversity is declining（1）　at　 an alarming rate.As the most biodiverse province in China，southwestern Yunnan is sharing （2）　its　 （it） conservation strategy on the international stage.
Seventeen years after the province first introduced the concept of Species with Extremely Small Populations （SESP），Yunnan showcased the （3）　achievements　 （achievement） in conservation on Dec.16th at a side event of the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties （COP15）to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity in Montreal，Canada.
"We will forever lose the opportunity for future development （4）　that/which　 some species bring if they go extinction，" says Yang Hua，（5）　a/one　 worker with the provincial forestry and grassland administration.
SESP，（6）　brought　 （bring） forward by the province in 2005，was a concept to represent species which （7）　were found　 （find） to be restricted in their geographic distribution and showed weak population growth.
Ever since then，the province's conservation efforts（8）　have helped　 （help） the population of Asian elephants reach around 360，and that of black﹣and﹣white snub﹣nosed monkeys is now 3，800.
Sun Weibang，director of the Kunming Botanical Garden，under the Kunming Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，（9）　recently　 （recent） said that，during a decade of continuous development，Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations （PSESP） was applied as a model（10）　to conserve　 （conserve） native plants in countries such as Italy，Russia，Mexico，and Iraq.
【答案】（1）at（2）its（3）achievements（4）that/which（5）a/one（6）brought（7）were found（8）have helped（9）recently（10）to conserve
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了云南对野生动植物保护的措施及成效。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：根据第五次《全球生物多样性展望》报告，生物多样性正在以惊人的速度减少。根据句意表示"以……的速度"，应用at a/an...rate，故填at。
（2）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：作为中国生物多样性最丰富的省份，滇西南正在国际舞台上分享其保护策略。分析可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词短语conservation strategy，故填its。
（3）考查可数名词复数。句意：12月16日，在加拿大蒙特利尔举行的联合国生物多样性公约缔约方大会（COP15）第15次会议的会外活动上，云南在首次提出了"极小种群物种"概念17年后，展示了其在保护方面取得的成就。achievement"成就"为可数名词，结合语境可知，此处应用其复数形式表示泛指，故填achievements。
（4）考查定语从句关系词。句意："如果一些物种灭绝，我们将永远失去它们带来的未来发展机会，"省林业和草原管理局工作人员杨华说。分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为the opportunity for future development，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故应用关系代词which或that引导，故填that/which。
（5）考查冠词或数词。句意："如果一些物种灭绝，我们将永远失去它们带来的未来发展机会，"省林业和草原管理局工作人员杨华说。worker"工作人员"，为可数名词，分析可知，此处为Yang Hua的同位语，泛指"一个工作人员"，且worker的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰，也可以用数词one表示"一个"，故填a/one。
（6）考查过去分词。句意：2005年我省提出的种群数量增长指数（SESP）是一个代表物种地理分布受到限制，种群数量增长缓慢的概念。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，动词bring与其逻辑主语SESP构成动宾关系，所以应用过去分词表被动，故填brought。
（7）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：2005年我省提出的种群数量增长指数（SESP）是一个代表物种地理分布受到限制，种群数量增长缓慢的概念。分析可知，所填词为定语从句的谓语动词，结合主句时态可知，句子是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语which（指代species）与动词find之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语which（指代species）为复数，be动词应用were，故填were found。
（8）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：从那时起，该省的保护工作帮助亚洲象的数量达到了360头左右，现在黑白金丝猴的数量已经达到了3800头。根据时间状语ever since then可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the province's conservation efforts为复数，助动词应用have，故填have helped。
（9）考查副词。句意：中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明植物园主任孙伟邦近日表示，在过去十年的持续发展中，意大利、俄罗斯、墨西哥、伊拉克等国家都将极小种群植物作为保护本土植物的模式。分析可知，此处应用副词形式recently作状语，修饰动词said。故填recently。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意为：中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明植物园主任孙伟邦近来说，在过去十年的持续发展中，意大利、俄罗斯、墨西哥、伊拉克等国家都将极小种群的植物物种作为保护本土植物的模式。分析可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词a model。故填to conserve。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
五．书面表达（共2小题）
8．（2024春 黄埔区校级期末） In the tapestry of my educational journey，I have been graced with the presence of numerous exemplary educators.Yet，one figure emerges with unparalleled prominence—Karl Chip.My encounter with him commenced during the twilight of my high school years as I pondered the halls of academia that awaited me.Chip was the unsolicited envoy for Wellesley College，a beacon for aspiring scholars and athletes alike.
Under Chip's mentorship，there existed a diverse array of young individuals，each categorized into distinct archetypes.The "academic star type，" those paragons of scholastic achievement seeking only a modest nudge in the right direction.The "international transplant type，" young souls who traversed vast distances to immerse themselves in the New England ethos，yearning for a compass to navigate their new surroundings.The "geniuses of economics type，" to whom Chip was a guarantor of commendations and a conduit to prestigious opportunities.And then，there were the "scratch and dent kids，" those carrying with them the invisible scars of life's challenges，brimming with latent potential yet grappling with the art of decision﹣making.If you bore the dual mantle of an athlete and a "scratch and dent kid，" falling under Chip's influence was an inescapable destiny.
I count myself among the ranks of Chip's proteges，classified as one of the "scratch and dent kids." Yet，irrespective of the mold we fit，each of us was showered with an equal measure of sagacity，affection，solace，and consideration.My narrative is but a single thread in the rich tapestry of Chip's impact on his multitude of students.
When I first set foot in Wellesley College a quarter of a century ago，I was an unseasoned athlete，my self﹣assurance as fragile as a fledgling's first flight.As my tenure at the institution drew to a close，I stood tall，my confidence restored—undoubtedly，a transformation that made me a more well﹣rounded individual.Much of this metamorphosis I attribute to Chip and his unwavering dedication to my growth and that of my fellow students.
The genesis of this transformation？Athletics played a pivotal role.The lore surrounding Chip's basketball team of the 1990s is one of remarkable resurgence.A team that，during the 1989﹣1990 season，was marred by the sting of defeat，claiming victory only twice amidst a sea of twenty losses.Yet，in the span of two years，and largely due to Chip's unyielding encouragement and belief in our capabilities，we ascended to claim a championship of note，our ledger for that year a stark contrast to our previous struggles，boasting twenty﹣four triumphs and a mere two setbacks.
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