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（人教新目标九年级英语）二轮专题
动词和动词短语
Verb and verb phrase
动词和动词短语
二轮复习
动词是英语考试中考查频率最高、比重最大的实词。在历年的考试中，动词词义辨析是必考点，其中在具体的语境中的动词辨析，主要包括同义、近义动词词义以及动词短语的辨析，是考试中的难点之一。其解题关键是通过分析具体的语境来辨析动词的词义。因此，在平时的英语学习中要重视对动词及动词短语的学习、理解、整理和记忆，不断积累动词相关知识。
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Teaching Goals
在情境中掌握动词种类和用法
通过辨析掌握动词和动词短语的中考考点
在语境中熟练运用中考动词和动词短语解题技巧
中考考点
助动词
情态动词
系动词
实义动词
动词短语
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COVID-19
Share food and time with family,and you will find the home time is not too bad soon！
-It's a beautiful day today！
Can we go outside
-No, we should stay at home.
系动词
情态动词
实义动词
动词种类
动词短语
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实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词,又可称为行为动词,如work,study,run等。按其句法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。
1、实义动词的分类
a. 及物动词
及物动词本身意义不完整,后面要跟一个名词或代词等作宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语。Dick is watching TV. 迪克正在看电视。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补。We call her Linda. 我们叫她琳达。
【注意】接省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:make,let,see,watch,have,hear,notice等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。
My friend often gives me some old books. 我朋友经常给我一些旧书。
【注意】常见的带双宾语的动词:
give,buy,tell,write,read,teach,bring,get,leave,pass,offer,lend,return,serve等。
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不及物动词自身意思完整,无需接宾语。后接宾语时,必须先加介词、副词等,使其变成及物的动词短语。
He doesn’t agree. 他不同意。　　　　　
She is looking at the picture. 她正在看照片。
【注意】
有些动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词。
We must study English well. 我们必须学好英语。
We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习。
The boys are flying kites. 男孩们正在放风筝。
Birds can fly. 鸟会飞。
b.不及物动词
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(1)延续性动词表示动作是延续的,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。这样的词有live,stay,work,keep,study,teach等。
You can keep the book for a week.
你可以借用这本书一个星期。
(2)短暂性动词表示瞬间动作,动作一经发生立即结束,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。这样的词有die,buy,borrow,lend,arrive,join,finish,go,come,catch等。
His grandfather died two days ago. 他的祖父两天前去世了。
c.延续性动词和短暂性动词
连 系 动 词 分 类 例 句
表示“是”的动词be。例如：am，is，are等。 We are in Grade Two this year.今年我们在二年级。
表示“感觉”的词。例如：look，feel，smell，sound，taste等。 The story sounds interesting.
这个故事听起来很有趣。
表示“变”、“变成”的意思的词。例如：become，get，grow，turn等。 He feels sick. His face turns white.
他感到不舒服，他的脸色变苍白了。
(2) 连系动词分类
(1) 连系动词概念
连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语，
2. 连系动词
助动词是帮助实义动词完成某些功能(如表示时态、语态、构成否定句、疑问句、简略答语等)的动词。助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语。
(1) be作为助动词的用法：
①be后跟动词的现在分词可以构成各种进行时态。例如：
—What are you doing 你们在干什么？
—We were watching TV at 8:00 last night.昨晚八点我们正在看电视。
②be后跟动词的过去分词可以构成被动语态。例如：
The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。
3.助 动 词
(2) do(does， did)
do的过去式为did，do(did)作为助动词，有以下用法：
① do(does， did)构成一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句和否定句。例如：—Do you like basketball 你喜欢篮球吗？
—Yes, I do. 是的，我喜欢。
②do构成否定祈使句。例如：Don’t smoke here. 别在这儿吸烟。
(3) have(had)
have的过去式为had, have(had)作为助动词和过去分词一起构成各种完成时态。例如：
Have you been to Japan 你去过日本吗？
We hadn’t finished the work when they got home. 他们回家时，我们还没有完成这项工作。
(4) will(would)，shall(should)
助动词will(would)用于构成一般将来时，shall(should)用于构成过去将来时。shall(should)主语用于第一人称，will(would)常用于一切人称。例如：
I will (shall) help her with her English.
我将在英语方面帮助她。
The weather report said that it would rain the next day.
天气预报说明天将有雨。
4.情 态 动 词(详见命题点3)
（1）基本用法
（2）表示推测
命题点1　动词词义辨析
动词词义辨析可分为实义动词词义辨析和感官动词词义辨析两类。解答动词词义辨析类试题时，首先要明确各选项的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或者前后的逻辑关系，从而确定正确答案。因此熟记动词的含义是解答此类试题的关键。
考法 　实义动词词义辨析
分类 单词/短语 用法
四“说” speak 发言；说(某种语言)
say 说(内容)
talk 谈论；talk about sth.; talk to/with sb.
tell 告诉；讲述；tell sb. (not) to do sth.
动词及动词短语命题点
分类 单词/短语 用法
四“看” look 看(动作)；可单独成句；look at...
watch 看(电视、比赛)；注视
see 看见(结果)；看望；理解(I see.)
read 看(书、报)；读；读懂别人的内心
四“拿” bring 带来；拿来。强调从别处带到离说话人近的地方
take 拿走；带走。强调从说话处带到离说话人远的地方
carry 扛，搬；用力移动。不强调方向
fetch/get 去取；去拿。强调动作的往返
四“穿” wear “穿着；戴着”，强调状态，wear后可接穿戴的东西，包括眼镜、首饰等
put on “穿上；戴上”指“穿”的动作，反义词为“take off”
dress “穿衣”，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为“给某人穿衣服”；dress oneself“打扮；给自己穿衣服”
be in 表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表示颜色的词
分类 单词/短语 用法
四“花费” spend 主语是人，指花费时间和金钱。spend... on...；spend... (in) doing sth.
pay 主语是人，指花费金钱。
pay... for...＝spend... on...
cost 主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱或其他代价。sth. cost(s) (sb.)．..
take 多用it作形式主语，指花费时间。
It takes sb. ... to do sth.
＝sb. spend(s)．.. (in) doing sth.
三“听” listen 听；listen to＋名词(强调听的过程)
hear 听见；hear＋名词(强调听的结果)
sound 听起来； sound＋形容词(强调听的效果)
三“借” borrow 借入；borrow sth. from sb.
lend 借出；lend sth. to sb.
keep 借用若干时间；keep... for 2 days
三“希望” hope 希望；hope to do sth.; hope＋that 从句
wish 但愿、希望；wish to do sth.; wish sb. to do sth.; wish＋that 从句
expect 期待、期望； expect to do sth.; expect sb. to do sth.
三“到达” reach “到达”，是及物动词(比get更正式)，其后可直接接地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)
get “到达”不及物动词，其后通常接介词 to
arrive “到达”，不及物动词，其后通常接介词 at (一般用于较小的地方)或 in (一般用于较大的地方)
三“提供” give give sb. sth.＝ give sth. to sb.(强调一般性给出或因别人需要而给)
provide provide sb. with sth.＝ provide sth. for sb.
offer offer sb. sth.＝ offer sth. to sb.(强调主动提供)
两“忘记” forget 表示“忘记”时，forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用
leave 在表示“遗忘”时，通常要与表示地点的状语连用
考法 　感官动词词义辨析
单词 含义 常见搭配
look 看起来(视觉) look nice看起来不错
taste 尝起来(味觉) taste good尝起来不错taste delicious尝起来美味
sound 听起来(听觉) sound good/great听起来很棒sound interesting听起来很有趣
feel 摸起来(触觉) feel smooth摸起来顺滑
feel comfortable感到舒服
smell 闻起来(嗅觉) smell good闻起来不错
smell sweet闻起来香甜
seem 好像；似乎；看来 It seems like...似乎，好像
命题点2　动词短语辨析
动词短语辨析的主要考查形式如下：①同一动词＋不同介词/副词；②不同动词＋同一介词/副词；③不同动词＋不同介词/副词。此类试题旨在通过题干或语境考查考生对上下文的理解、动词短语不同搭配的识别、记忆及恰当运用动词短语的能力。所以考生应对常见的动词短语牢记于心，尤其是要运用到语境中，方便理解记忆。
1．同一动词的不同搭配
(1)look短语
look ________照料；照顾
look ________看
look around环顾
look back回顾
look ________寻找；寻求
look ________ ________盼望；期待look ________看起来像
look ________注意；当心；向外看
look over 仔细检查；查看
look _______快速查看；浏览
look _______(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看
答案：
after; at; for; forward to; like; out; through; up
(2)cut短语
cut ________砍 cut ________切除 cut ________切碎
cut out 删除；删去 cut in插嘴
Answers: down; off; up
(3)run短语
run after追逐；追赶 run ________跑开run ____ ____用尽；耗尽
Answers: away; out of
(4)turn短语
turn ________关小；拒绝；调低
turn ________开大；调高
turn ________接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开
turn ________关掉
turn... ________把……变成
turn ________结果是；被证明是
turn ________/________向左/右转
turn over翻身；翻转 turn around转身
Answers:
down; up; on; off; into; out; left; right
(5)take短语
take ________(外貌或行为)像 take ________拿走
take ________ ______照顾；处理 take ________脱下(衣服)；起飞
take _______取出；带……出去 take ________ ________参加
take ______ ______以……为骄傲 take ________发生；出现
take _______(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占用(时间)；占据(空间)
take down往下拽；记录 take in吸入；吞入(体内)
take on承担；呈现 take over接收；接管
(6)get短语
get ______ ______远离 get ________回来；恢复；取回；重新上台
get ________穿上衣服 get ________迷路
get ________(使某人)离开，出发，动身；下车
get ________上车 get ________ ________与……相处
get ________克服
get ready for... 为……做准备 get to到达 get into陷入；参与
get down下来 get up起床；站起
Answers:away from; back; dressed; lost; off; on; on/along with; over
Answers: after; away; care of; off; out; part in; pride in; place; up
(7)use短语
________ ________ ________习惯于(to为介词)
be used to do被用来做……
________ ________ ________曾经做；过去常常做
be/get used to; used to do
(8)give短语
give ________赠送；捐赠
give ________还给；归还；恢复(健康等)
give ________分发；散发
give ________放弃
give ________屈服
away; back; out; up; in
(9)call短语
call (sb.) ________(给某人)打电话
call (sb.) ________(给某人)回电话
call ________召来；叫来
at; back; in
(10)come短语
come ________(偶然)遇见(或发现)
come along (意外地)出现；进展
come back 回来；回想起
come down 降落；落下
come from 出生于；来自
come into 进入
come in 进来；到达
come on加油；快点儿；得了吧
come ________开花；出版
come ________顺便来访
come ________实现；成为现实
come ________ ________想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)
across; out; over; true; up with
(11)bring短语
bring ________恢复；使想起；归还 bring ________养育；抚养
bring ________使显现；使表现出
back; up; out
(12)fall短语
fall ________进入梦乡；睡着fall ________突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌
fall ________ ________ ________爱上；喜欢上
fall over绊倒
asleep; down; in love with
(13)go短语
go after 追求；设法获得 go against 反对；违背
go ________继续；干吧 go ________ (the street) 沿着(这条街)走
go around 到处走动;传开 go away 走开
go back 回去 go by 从旁经过；时间流逝
go down下降 go ________(闹钟)发出响声
go on 继续 go out外出(娱乐)；熄灭
go _____走过去；复习；仔细检查go ___经历；浏览；翻阅；通过
ahead; along; off; over; through
(14)make短语
make ________确保；查明 make ________编造(故事、谎言等)
make ____ ______做决定 make ________ ________利用
(15)put短语
put back 放回原处 put ________写下；放下
put ________推迟 put ________搭建；举起；张贴
put ________收拾(整理)好 put ________熄灭
put sth. ________ ________ ________好好利用某物
put ________增加(体重)；上演；穿上(衣服)
put ________ ________容忍
down; off; up; away; out; to good use; on; up with
(16)set短语 set ____动身；出发set ___建起；建立
(17)keep短语
keep on 继续 keep off不接近;避开 keep up (with)跟上,了解;保持同步
keep ________ _____避免接近；远离 keep _______ ________记住
keep ________ ________ ________和……保持联系
keep out of 置身于……之外
off; up
away from; in mind; in touch with
sure; up; a dicision; use of
2．不同动词与同一介词或副词的搭配
(1)up短语
______ up(使)变得高兴；振奋起来
______ up打扫(或清除)干净
______ up装扮；乔装打扮
______ up最终成为；最后处于
fix up修理；装饰
fill up装满；填补
______ up长大；成熟
hang up挂断电话
______ up赶快；急忙
______ up编造；组成；化妆
mix up混淆；弄混
______ up捡起；接电话；接某人
______ up赶到；露面
______ up站立
______ up熬夜
______ up整理
______ up用光
______ up醒来；叫醒
cheer; clean; dress; end; grow; hurry; make; pick; show; stand; stay; tidy; use;wake
(2)down短语
________ down停止运转，出故障 ________ down镇静下来
________ down倒塌；摔倒 ________ down on/upon瞧不起 ______ ... down使……失望 ________ down躺下 ______ ... down拆下；摧毁
sit down坐下 write down写下；记录下die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
break; calm; fall; look; let; lie; pull
(3out短语
________ out吹灭 ________ out爆发
________ out执行 ________ out察看；观察
________ out查明；弄清 ________ out分发
________ out闲逛；常去某处 ________ out卖光
________ out选拔；试验 ________ out成功地发展；解决
leave out不包括；不提及；忽略 point out指出
set out出发；启程 clear out清理；丢掉
blow; break; carry; check; find; hand; hang; sell; try; work
(4)with短语
________ with同意；赞成 ________ with以……开始
________... with...比较；对比 ________... with...把……和……连接
________ with应付；处理 ________ ________ with以……结束
________ with和……分享 ________ with和……交谈
catch up with赶上(或超过)
agree; begin/start; compare; connect; deal; end up; share; talk
(5)about短语
________ about争论 ________ about 关心；在意
________ about 担心 ________ about 谈论；议论
hear about听说 think about 考虑
walk about 四处走动 know/learn about了解
argue; care; talk; worry
(6)for短语
________ for 搜索；查找 ________ for 动身去
________ for 为……付钱 ________ for 为……做准备
________ for 等待 ________ for 代表
ask for 请求
search; leave; pay; prepare; wait; stand
(7)on短语
________ on 等一等(别挂电话) ________ on访问，拜访
________ on/upon依靠；依赖；视……而定；取决于
________ on... 靠……为生；以……为食 ________ on 传递 ________ on 试穿 ________ on 从事；忙于
decide on决定；选定 agree on 对……意见一致
hold; call; depend; live/feed; pass; try; work
3．不同动词与不同介词或副词的搭配
arrive ________到达(小地点) arrive ________抵达，到达(大地点)
________ _______信任；信赖
divide... ________把……分成
_______ ______分开；分离
______ ____接到(某人的)信、电话等
________ ________顺便访问；随便进入
________ ________嘲笑
________ ________坚持；固守
______ ______ _______注意；关注
________ ________齐心协力；通力合作
________ one's ________替换某人的位置
think of认为
move away搬走
throw away扔掉；抛弃
hear about听说
pass by路过；经过
shut down关闭；停止运转
at;
in;
believe in;
into;
separate from;
hear from;
drop by;
laugh at;
stick to;
pay attention to;
pull together;
take; place
命题点3　情态动词辨析
考查角度一般为情态动词的基本用法和情态动词表示推测。解答情态动词辨析类试题时，首先要分析语境，判断该题考查情态动词的基本用法还是表示推测的用法，然后结合语境中的关键信息及各个选项的用法确定正确答案。
1．情态动词的基本用法
单词 含义及用法
can 表示能力，意为“能，会”(＝be able to)
(疑问句中)表示请求
表示允许，意为“可以”
can't 意为“不会，不能”
could can的过去式，意为“能，会”，表示过去的能力
在疑问句中表示委婉的请求
Jim can sing songs.吉姆会唱歌。
Can I play basketball now？我现在可以打篮球吗？
You can play basketball on weekends.你可以周末去打篮球。
I can't give you an answer now.我现在不能给你一个答复。
Lily could swim at the age of 5.莉莉五岁的时候就会游泳了。
Could you tell me the way to the post office你能告诉我去邮局的路吗？
单词/短语 含义及用法
must 表示主观看法，意为“必须，一定”
have to 意为“不得不，必须”，多表示客观需要，有人称、时态和数的变化，有时可与must互换
mustn't 意为“一定不要，禁止”
I must work hard.我必须努力学习。
I have to get up early tomorrow.我明天不得不早起。
You mustn't play football on the street.你(们)一定不要在马路上踢足球。
单词 含义及用法
may 表示请求、许可，意为“可以”
might may的过去式，表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉
May I speak to Amy？我可以和艾米通话吗？
Might I ask you a question？我可以问你一个问题吗？
单词 含义及用法
need 作情态动词时，意为“需要”,常用于否定句和疑问句中
needn't 意为“不需要”，常用于must提问的否定回答
Alex needn't attend the meeting.亚历克斯不必参加会议。
—Must I pay for the book in advance？我必须先为这本书付款吗？
—No, you needn't.不，你不需要。
【命题专家点拨】
(1)回答以could引导的一般疑问句时，用can，不用could。
—Could I use your mobile phone？我可以用你的手机吗？
—Yes, you can./ No, you can't.是的，你可以。/不，你不可以。
(2)由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must；否定回答常用needn't/don't have to/doesn't have to/didn't have to。
—Must I hand in my homework this afternoon？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't/don't have to.
(3)由may或might引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用may/can；
否定回答用can't/mustn't。
—May/Might I sit here？—Yes, you may/can./No, you can't/mustn't.
(4)由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。
—Need I do the work at once？我需要立刻做这项工作吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't.是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
单词/短语 含义及用法
shall 常用于疑问句，多用于第一、三人称，表示请求或征求对方意见
表示决心、警告、命令，多用于第二人称
will 表示意愿或请求，用于疑问句中，常用于第二人称
would 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事,如意志/愿望或决心等
had better 意为“最好”,没有人称和数的变化,常缩写为 'd better
Shall we go to the zoo？我们去动物园，好吗？
Will you please pass the book to me？请把那本书递给我，好吗？
Jane said she would not go with Tom, for she didn't like him.简说她不愿和汤姆一起去，因为她不喜欢他。
You'd better come back early today.你今天最好早点儿回来。
2．情态动词表示推测的用法
单词 用法
can't 表示十分有把握的否定推测，意为“一定不，不可能”
could 表示推测，意为“有可能，也许”(20%～80%的可能性)，语气缓和、较委婉
may 表示把握不大的肯定推测，意为“有可能，也许”
might 表示推测，意为“有可能，也许”，可能性低于may
must 表示非常有把握的肯定推测(100%的可能性)，意为“一定，肯定”
He can't be having a meeting. I saw him just now.他不可能在开会。我刚才看见他了。
The pencil could be Bob's.这支铅笔可能是鲍勃的。
John may come back at 5：00 p．m.约翰可能在下午五点回来。
She might have gone to the library. She likes reading books in the afternoon.她或许去图书馆了。她喜欢下午看书。
It must be raining outside. My father's clothes are so wet.
外面一定在下雨。我爸爸的衣服这么湿。
命题点4　动词填空
动词填空的考查形式：
①动词原形；②动词的第三人称单数；③动词过去式；④动词的 ing形式。
在解答此类试题时，考生需要分析句子成分，并掌握动词的变化规律。根据空格前后的词以及上下文语境来判断填动词的哪种形式。可参考以下步骤：
步骤二　判断是否需要变形
1．填动词原形
(1)在情态动词/助动词及其否定形式之后；
(2)在动词不定式符号to之后；
(3)祈使句以动词开头；
(4)时态为一般现在时，且在非第三人称单数的主语后。
步骤一　确定空格处填动词
动词是用来描述主语的动作行为或状态的词，在句子中作谓语，是句子不可缺少的部分，用来说明主语是什么、处于什么状态或做什么。如果句中没有谓语，则可判定此处应填动词。
2．填动词的第三人称单数
(1)在一般现在时的句子中，主语是第三人称单数或不可数名词；
(2)复合不定代词作主语；
(3)动词的 ing形式作主语。
3．填动词过去式
(1)有明显的表示过去的时间标志词，如yesterday，just now，two years ago，last week/year等；
(2)主从句时态一致，当主句时态为一般过去时，从句通常也用相应的过去时态；
(3)动词过去式＋and/ or＋动词过去式；
(4)根据上下文语境和时态判断。
4．填动词的 ing形式
(1)be＋动词的 ing形式，表示进行时；
(2)介词后接动词的 ing形式；
(3)用于固定搭配中。
5．填动词的 ed形式
(1)与have/has构成完成时；
(2)be＋动词的 ed形式，表示被动；
(3)have/has/get sth.＋动词的 ed形式，使某事/物被……。
【命题专家点拨】动词的第三人称单数、过去式、 ed形式、 ing形式的变化规则
形式 构成 示例
第三人称单数 一般在动词原形后直接加 s work→_________
read→_________
以 s, o, x, z, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加 es go→_________
wash→_________
以辅音字母加 y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加 es fly→_________
study→_________
过去式与 ed形式 一般在动词原形后直接加 ed work→_________
stay→_________
以不发音的 e结尾的动词后只加 d close→_________
like→_________
以辅音字母加 y结尾的动词，应将y变为i再加 ed study→_________
carry→_________
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加 ed stop→_________
plan→_________
works; reads; goes; washes; flies; studies; worked; stayed; closed; liked; studied; carried; stopped; planned;
ing形 式 一般在动词原形后直接加 ing sleep→_________
wait→_________
以不发音的 e结尾的动词，去e再加 ing smile→_________
move→_________
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加 ing sit→_________
plan→_________
少数以 ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加 ing die→_________
lie→_________
tie→_________
sleeping; waiting; smiling; moving; sitting; planning; dying; lying
1.（2024 黑龙江龙东地区改编）—Tbe book is worth reading, How long may I__a week.
A. keep; For B.borrow; For C.lend; In D.stay; In
2.（2024 绥化改编） Hury up!The movie__for ten minutes.
A.has begun B.began C.has been on D. was
3.—Your skirt____so special.
—Oh yes, it's very popular these days. It's called mamianqun.
A.sounds B. looks C. smells D. tastes
4.—What do you think of this piece of music
—It____ beaitiful.
A.sounds B. listen C. hear D. feel
5. (2024济南改编)In the past, many rivers_________(pollute)seriously, but now they are cleaned up.
考点专练
A C B A were polluted
考点专练
6.I think your grandfather should____ smoking.
-I agree. Smoking is bad for his health.
A. put up B.give up C.pick up D. take up
7. I am planning to___ the new hobby in the summer holiday. I won't spend my spare time on my mobile phone all day long.
A. pick up B. turn up C. get up D. look up
8.—Mom,would you like to help
—Oh, they are still in good condition. Let's___to people in need.
A. give them away B. wash them away
C. throw them away D.keep them away
9. To live a green life, we should remember to__
the lights when we leave a room.
A. turn on B.turn off C. turn up D. turn down
10. In Switzerland, a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes, people___itsrich resources to live.
A. carry on C. depend on B. try on D.put on
BAABC
二、中考题呈现及做题技巧点拨
针对中考题有些可以直接应用某一做题技巧，有时需要交叉应用多个方面，因此需要全面的，综合考虑。
（一）解题技巧
1.理解并牢记词义用法。
34. When given something you don’t want to eat, just r________ politely.
34. Breakfast is s_____ between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
35. Jack’s bike went wrong and he will r_______it this afternoon.
37. You had better _____（解释）it to our teacher, not to me.
32. I must r_____ the books to the library before Friday.
37. If you don’t do it now, you’ll only _____ (后悔) it.
Three days later, he arrived in class holding the papers that he had ___11___. “I’ve chosen the ten best essays for class discussion.” he said.
11. A. praised B. corrected C. studied D. written
68. There is a train in now. If you run, you'll just _____ (赶上) it.
69. Our head teacher always _____ (鼓励) us to solve problems by ourselve
Today, fashion designers are trying to make the kilt 44 more modern and fashionable to…
44. A. feel B. smell C. look D. sound
refuse served repair explain return regret B catch encourages C
2.固定用法考查。（固定搭配或语法）
39. Parents play an important role in ________ (准备) their children for school.
My classmates and I want to have a learning friend ___43___ (help) us remember the key information.
【43题详解】句意：我的同学和我想有一个学习的朋友来帮助我们记住关键信息。根据“us remember the key information.”可知，设空处作目的状语，填不定式。故填to help。
She had a(n) ____11____ and I realized that I really wanted to stay in the band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to ____12____ out of.
11.A. point B. idea C. sight D. mind
When I was 20 years old, I had a big dream in my mind. I wanted _41_（travel）around Africa with my backpack.
And then I worked the whole weekend ___10_ the essay and waited nervously for Mr. Bascom’s evaluation (评价).
10. A. for B. with C. about D. on
33. My parents are s________ with my progress in my lessons.
He clearly didn't want me __44__(leave) him
　【解析】 to leave。句意：他显然不想让我离开他……分析句子结构可知此处用动词不定式短语作宾语补足语，want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事，为固定用法，故填to leave。
69. Measures have been taken to stop factories from ___(污染) the environment.
preparing drew A to travel D satisfied to leave polluting
3.整理积累相似动词及词组和辨析。
24.The 32nd Olympic Games have been ________ to 2021 because of the outbreak of COVID 19.
A. put away B. put out C. put off D. put up
put away放好，收起来，存钱 put on上演，穿戴
put off延期 put up 举起，张贴，建造
put up with忍受put out熄灭，扑灭；伸出，拿出
8. The traveler____ his map to make sure he was not lost.
A. looked after B. looked up C. looked for D. looked down
【详解】B 句意：那位旅行者查看他的地图来确保他没有迷路。 A. looked after寻找；B. looked up查阅；C. looked for寻找；D. looked down向下看。根据下文to make sure he was not lost.可知这里是说查看他的地图。根据题意，故选B。
The kilt is a special dress. Most Scottish men 34 it.
A. sell B. dress C. wear D. make
25. When Liu Xiang announced that he would __ running forever, he burst into tears.
A. give away B. give up C. give out D. give in
4.语境（上下文）的应用。
One morning when the bell rang for lunch, he found he had ___2___ his wallet at home. ..But as Ted was ___4___, he didn’t know much about him. He went over and asked if Mike could ___5___ him some money for lunch. Mike laughed, saying, “Are you begging (乞讨) ” The other students laughed, too, which made Ted ___6___....When Ted ___8___ the bench, he noticed a wallet lying on the ground nearby. Picking it up, he found it was Mike’s. Inside was quite a lot of money for a kid. At first, Ted wanted to ___9___ it a secret, but then he changed his mind.
Seeing Ted coming back, Mike asked, “Still want the money ” “No,” replied Ted, “I came to return your wallet you have ___10___ over there.”
2. A. forgotten B. packed C. left D. put
5. A. borrow B. lend C. show D. hand
8 A. returned B. cleaned C. reached D. touched
9. A. save B. hide C. guard D. keep
10. A. fallen B. dropped C. lost D. thrown
【2题】forgotten忘记；packed打包；left留下；put放置。根据“at home”可知，钱包留在家里，故选C。
【5题详解】他走过去问迈克能否借些钱吃午饭。borrow借进；lend借出；show展示；hand提交。根据“him some money”可知，借点钱给他，故选B。
【8题详解】当特德到达长凳时，他注意到一个钱包躺在附近的地上。
returned返回；cleaned打扫；reached到达；touched碰触。根据“back towards the empty bench”可知，到达长椅边上时，故选C。
【9题详解】起初，泰德想保守秘密，但后来他改变了主意。
save节约；hide隐藏；guard保卫；keep保持。根据“but then he changed his mind”可知，一开始想保守秘密，故选D。
【10题详解】我来还你掉在那边的钱包。fallen摔倒；dropped掉落；lost丢失；thrown扔。根据“I came to return your wallet”可知，归还掉落的钱包，故选B。
Students only need to put what they ___44___ (study) into AI Button. The AI will ___45___ (quick) find key points, ask questions,...
【44题详解】
句意：学生只需要把他们正在学习的东西放入AI按钮。根据“to put what they…into AI Button.”语境可知，此处指学生需要把他们正在学的东西，放入AI按钮，因此填现在进行时，主语是“they”，故填are studying。
But as most students progressed, I seemed to ___2___ behind....
From then on, I ___6___ playing the clarinet and I was getting worse.
2. A. walk B. fall C. step D. move
6.A. loved B. kept C. hated D. started
【2题详解】考查动词词组的词义辨析。句意：但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了。walk走路；fall落下；step踏上；move移动。根据“behind”可知此处应用动词短语fall behind表示“落后”。故选B。
【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且我的情况越来越糟。loved热爱；kept保持；hated讨厌；started开始。根据下文“I was getting worse”可知，我的情况变得更糟糕，说明我讨厌吹单簧管。故选C。
In my last year in high school, we were ___2 ___ that a new English teacher, Oliver Bascom, was going to ___3___ us.
2. A. warned B. told C. shown D. asked
3. A. help B. serve C. train D. teach
One day, our teacher had each of us race __3__ the monkey bars(攀爬架), swinging from one rung(横杠) to the next. When it was my __4__， I shook my head. Some kids behind me __5__， and I went home crying.
Hearing my story, Mom hugged me. The next afternoon, she took me __6__ to school. At the empty playground, Mom looked carefully at the rungs. “Now, __7__ up with your right hand，” she advised.
5. D　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我后面的一些小孩________，我哭着回家了。smiled微笑；nodded点头；cheered欢呼；laughed嘲笑。根据上下文语境可以推断，作者无法完成老师所说的攀爬任务，其他小孩在嘲笑作者，所以她哭着回家了。故选D。
7. A　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在，用你的右手________上来。”她建议到。pull拉，拖；push推；raise提高，抬高；jump跳。根据后句“She stood by as I tried hard to lift myself with my right hand...”可知，母亲建议作者用右手拉起横杠。故选A。
（2014完形）In fact, there was nothing I could ask for because there was nothing more I 36 .此题根据语境才可选的出
36. A. searched B. bought C. planned D. needed
（2015单词拼写）62. Can you imagine what it would be like to live under the sea
5.注意动词在时态和语态中的变形及应用。
“At first, I just wanted a tool to help with my studies. Then it ___41___ (draw) attention from more people,”
41.句意：然后它引起了更多人的关注。draw attention from sb“引起某人的注意”，是固定搭配，根据“At first, I just wanted a tool to help with my studies”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填drew。
After seven 49._____（month）of full backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realized having a student-like mind helped me learn a lot, which 50.______（satisfy）me more than any other trip that ever did to me.
【50题详解】句意：在非洲从开普敦到开罗的七个月的背包旅行中，我意识到有一颗学生的心帮助我学到了很多东西，这比我以往任何一次旅行都更让我满意。satisfy“使满意”，动词，根据前后句可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填satisfied。
34. My car has b_______ down. Will you please give me a ride
37. The thief was ________(抓获)stealing in the supermarket.
38. The boy ________(承诺)he wouldn't be late for school any more.
37. caught　
【解析】句意：在超市里偷东西的小偷被抓住了。“获住”对应的英文是catch，由空白处前面的was可知此处用其过去分词形式构成被动语态，故填caught。
38. promised　句意：这个男孩承诺再也不迟到了。“承诺”对应的英文是promise，由题干中的wouldn't可知主句的谓语动词用过去式，故填promised。
has+v过去分词 现在完成时，所以填broken.
64. The company offered_ the young man a job, but he didn’t take it.
66. Doing more exercise will improve(改善) your health.
But people are usually 71.asked to work on weekends before or after the holiday（被动语态）
6.并列连词的提示。
（2024词汇应用）
31. Tina c________ the last bus and got home safe and sound.
She managed to enter college and ____54____(study)very hard.
【详解】句意：她设法上了大学，学习很努力。
and连接并列成分，这里是过去时态，study的过去式是studied，根据句意，故填studied。
They 75. feel (feel) upset and begin to doubt their own abilities.
（二）中考中的动词及动词短语分布。
★单项选择
4.The high-speed train will __ you about 2 hours from Rizhao to Jinan.
A.save B. pay C. use D. spend
5.The window broke into pieces shortly after the plane__.
A.got off B. took up C. got up D. took off
★完形填空：
The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy(同情) as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to 11 the seats, sat in one of them.
Finally, Susan felt ready to 13 to her job, but how would she get there She used to take the bus, but she was now afraid of getting around by herself. Mark 15 to ride the bus with Susan until she could manage it by herself.
For two weeks, Mark 17 Susan to and from work each day…
11. A. see B. take C. feel D. move
13. A. turn B. ride C. return D. come
15. A. learned B. continued C. afforded D. offerded
17. A. followed B. drove C. ran after D. went with
A
D
CCDD
★ 单词拼写：
42. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished .
45. You’ll have to hurry if you want to catch this train.
46. Bad news spreads/travels（传播）faster.
★ 阅读填空
On a cold winter afternoon, I 51. was walking (walk) home
from a supermarket. I was feeling a little tired, as I was carrying my shopping bags. They were so heavy that I decided to stop52. to have (have) a rest in the park.I suddenly felt sorry. I knew this man had taken all that he could get, so I came up to him and 54. offerded (offer) him some fruit…Then he went away, 56. singing (sing) a song. Just then,I… Everyone in the world needs help ,everyone can offer help and everyone 58. is helped by showing kindness.
★单项选择
3.—Are you feeling any better now
—No. I have taken some medicine, but it just doesn’t __C__.
A. use B. care C. help D. fit
8. The traveler __B___ his map to make sure he was not lost.
A. looked after B. looked up C. looked for D. looked down
9. —Didn’t you hear Dad call you
—No, I didn’t. I __D____ with Jack on the phone.
A. am talking B. would talk C. have talked D. was talking
★完形填空：
...I 15 it at the office. Why？
15. A. forgot B. hid C. kept D. left
...I thought you might like to 17 with them. You didn’t lose the bag, did you, Daddy？”
17. A. play B. joke C. talk D. deal
...“Oh, no. I just forgot to bring it home.” he 18 .
18. A. lied B. promised C. nodded D. agreed
...Love in a paper bag, and he 20 it.
20. A. cleaned B. missed C. threw D. dropped
...It 23 a long time to tell.
23. A. spent B. paid C. cost D. took
DAABD
单词拼写
41. Please return (归还) my dictionary as soon as possible.
44. I don’t think money will solve (解决) all my problems.
45. The restaurant offers different kinds of seafood, which tastes (品尝) good.
★ 阅读填空
However, Anna refused 53. to live (live) with her sister, saying that she would like to take care of herself.
She managed to enter college and 54. studies (study) very hard.
Instead of 56. feeling (feel) sad every day, she decided not to let it hold her back.
____
____
一、单选
17. It’s good for us to ________ a good habit of reading.
A. develop B. choose C. accept D. pick
18. Children ________ be told not to swim alone in the river.
A. can B. may C. must D. might
24. The 32nd Olympic Games have been ________ to 2021 because of the outbreak of COVID-19.
A. put away B. put out C. put off D. put up
ACC
三、完形填空中的动词考查
Clearly, there was something wrong with the car. Tony _28_ to help.... “I was just helping out，”Tony _30_. “I have to rush for an interview now，” he added....... One by one, the applicants left the interviewer's office with _33_ looks on their faces. Finally his name was called.
The _34__ was sitting on a big chair with his back towards Tony.“Do you really need to be interviewed？” he asked. Tony's heart sank (下沉).
28. A. provided B. offered C. asked D. promised
30. A. refused B. accepted C. agreed D. avoided
33. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. worried D. pleased
34. A. clerk B. customer C. applicant D. interviewer
28. B　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：托尼____帮助。provided提供；offered主动提出；asked问，要求；promised承诺。结合语境可知此处指“托尼主动去帮忙”。offer to do sth.主动提出做某事。故选B。
30. A　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：‘我只是帮了下忙。'托尼________。refused拒绝；accepted接受；agreed同意；avoided避免。根据上文“I was just helping out”可知此处指“托尼拒绝了”。故选A。
33. C　【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个接一个，应聘者带着________表情离开了面试官的办公室。satisfied满意的；disappointed失望的；worried担心的；pleased开心的。结合语境及常识可知面试结果未出，此处指“大家都带着担心的表情离开”。故选C。
34. D　【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：________正坐在一张大椅子上，背对着托尼。clerk职员；customer顾客；applicant应聘者；interviewer面试官。结合语境可知此处指“面试官”。故选D。
35. C　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：托尼的心情很沮丧，他心想：“我现在________的样子……”talk说话；stand站；look看；wait等待。结合语境可知此次指“我现在看起来的样子很糟糕”。故选C。
36. B　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怎么可能________这次面试？fail失败；pass通过；lose丢失；win赢得。根据句意可知此次指“我怎么可能通过面试”。故选B。
37. D　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后面试官________他的凳子。knocked敲；broke打破；shook摇晃；turned转。结合上文“The__34__ was sitting on a big chair with his back towards Tony.”可知此次指“面试官转过来了”。故选D。
40. A　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只知道你会是一个我可以________好的员工。trust信任；depend依赖；meet遇到；praise称赞。结合语境可知此处指“我可以信任的好的员工”。故选A。
“With the way I _35__now, how could I possibly __36__ this interview？” he thought to himself.
Then the interviewer __37__ his chair. To Tony's surprise, it was the man he helped earlier in the morning!
I just know you'd be a good worker I can __40__. Congratulations！”
35. A. talk B. stand C. look D. wait
36. A. fail B. pass C. lose D. win
37. A. knocked B. broke C. shook D. turned
40. A. trust B. depend C. meet D. praise
五、单词拼写
66. Whoever breaks the law will be ________ (惩罚).
68. There is a train in now. If you run, you’ll just ________ (赶上) it.
69. Our head teacher always ________ (鼓励) us to solve problems by ourselves.
六、语法填空
Yesterday, as I was coming near the front door of our public library, a white-haired gentleman stepped back 71 (hold) the door for me.
On 74 (hear) that, I stepped back, let the door close and 75 (allow) him to reopen the door, not using the automatic control this time.
to hold ; hearing; allowed
punished; catch; encourage
（完形填空）
Some kids behind me ___5___ , and I went home crying. “Now, ___7___ up with your right hand,” she advised. Day after day we practiced and she praised me for every rung I ___9___ . One night, after a dance at my new junior high, I _____12_____ myself into the bed, crying.
5. A. smiled B. nodded C. cheered D. Laughed
7. A. pull B. push C. raise D. Jump
9. A. made B. touched C. reached D. put
12. A. relaxed B. threw C. lay D. set
5. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我后面的一些小孩_______，我哭着回家了。smiled微笑；nodded点头；cheered欢呼；laughed嘲笑。根据上下文语境可以推断，作者无法完成老师所说的攀爬任务，其他小孩在嘲笑作者，所以她哭着回家了。故选D。
7. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在，用你的右手_______上来。”她建议到。pull拉，拖；push推；raise提高，抬高；jump跳。根据后句“She stood by as I tried hard to lift myself with my right hand”可知，母亲建议作者用右手拉起横杠。故选A。
9. C　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们日复一日地练习，我每________一条横杠，她都会表扬我。made做，制造；touched接触；reached达到，抵达；put放。根据句意可知，是指作者每抵达一条横杠，母亲都会表扬她。故选C。
12. B　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有天晚上，在新初中的一场舞会后，我____自己在床上，大哭。relaxed放松；threw扔；lay躺，平卧；set放置。根据句意可知，作者埋头躺在床上。throw oneself into意为“投身于，埋头于”，为固定搭配。故选B。
二、阅读理解及题干中动词及动词词组
A篇 bcome,offer, stay,tell, spend, want tolearn
B篇 help,rush, had to,talk about,brought, start doing,look for, doing,make,made,decide to do,stole,shouted,stood up, cheering,
be supported, be chosen, said sorry to...
C篇 experienced, be able to,It took ...to do, need, provide,providing
take off,(land) search for ,It is said that...,serve as...,send,
weights,entered, deal with,start doing,
D 篇 stated to do, spen time doing,advise, share, try to do,need to be done,harm sb,make it clear,make sb open...
三、词汇运用
33. My parents are s________ with my progress in my lessons.
34. Nowadays many farmers can a________ to buy a house in the city.
337. The thief was ________(抓获)stealing in the supermarket.
38. The boy ________(承诺)he wouldn't be late for school any more.
satisfied; afford;caught; promised
四、语法填空
On one visit, I carefully entered a dark room to find an elderly man __41__ (lie) in bed. I firstly thought he was sleeping. When I moved __42__(close), however, I realized he was very much awake. He wanted to communicate something, but I couldn't make sense of what he __43__(say). He seemed quite weak, and I couldn't tell if he was in pain, or just frightened. I knew nothing about him, and I felt totally helpless. He clearly didn't want me __44__(leave) him, but I felt so lost and uncomfortable that
41. lying　【解析】句意：有一次，我小心翼翼地走进一间黑暗的房间，发现床上躺着一位老人。分析句子结构可知此处用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填lying。
43. was saying　【解析】句意：他想表达一些东西，但我不明白他在说什么。根据句意可知作者在描述当时的情况，此处用过去进行时，故填was saying。
44. to leave　【解析】句意：他显然不想让我离开他……分析句子结构可知此处用动词不定式短语作宾语补足语，want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事，为固定用法，故填to leave。
一、完形填空中的动词考查
I always chose a ___1___ in the back of the room, and never put up my hand in class. In my last year in high school, we were ___2___ that a new English teacher, Oliver Bascom, was going to ___3___ us....
after we opened the door, there in front of the blackboard, we __6___ a young and handsome man....And I managed to ___8___ a front and center desk. I really wanted to make a good impression (印象) on my new teacher,..Three days later, he arrived in class holding the papers that he had ___11___.
2. A. warned B. told C. shown D. asked
3. A. help B. serve C. train D. teach
6. A. met B. saw C. noticed D. caught
8. A. get B. set C. use D. share
11. A. praised B. corrected C. studied D. written
D被动语态DBAB
二、 阅读理解 中 动词的应用和考查
A： make sb +adj.,be made of,how to make it, make trouble,try doing,find,find(found) out,offer,tell, receive(s)
B: get(got into,pay(paid) attention to, look up，run away，pull(ing), realized,start to do.sendsb away,send sb to do/+地点, turn over,,refuse to do,
C：catch， keep，imaginge doing,change,produce,make good use of,
turn... into,
D: go back.place one’s order(place用作动词，下订单），drive(driving驱使)，order food, have changed, keep doing( growing增长),offer,drop(dropped),prefer,slow(用作动词） down,
三、词汇运用
31. My friend gave me some a___ on how to keep a pet.（题干中keep的用法）
32. I must r__________ the books to the library before Friday.
34. My car has b_______ down. Will you please give me a ride
37. If you don’t do it now, you’ll only __________ (后悔) it.
四、语法填空
I ___42___ (drive) on the road when my car stopped. .. After knowing my problem, he said he could help me out. He took me to the nearest gas station. But then he left as he had something important ___49___ (do).
I couldn’t walk all the way back to my car. Therefore, I tried to hitch a ride and I was ____50____ (help) out once again. I was greatly moved.
Answers:
32.(r)eturn 34.(b)roken 37.regret
42. was driving 49. to do 50. helped
一、完形填空
In sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet（单簧管）. The first year had gone ___1___. But as most students progressed, I seemed to ___2___ behind. One day, when my teacher told us to perform in class, I was filled with ___3___. When I began to play, my rhythms（节奏）were good, but my tone（调）was another ___4___. “Didn’t you practice your lesson ” the teacher shouted at me. I felt so ___5___ and my world fell down at once.
From then on, I ___6___ playing the clarinet and I was getting worse. With the new performance coming near, I grew ___7___ upset. In a moment of panic（惊慌）, I asked for sick leave. It was such a(n) ___8___ way out and I was totally in relief.
I continued ___9___ my lessons until my mum asked me about it. “I want to give up,” said with tears in my eyes. “Why are you ____10____, if you really want to give up ” asked mum. She had a(n) ____11____ and I realized that I really wanted to stay in the band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to ____12____ out of. I knew it’s time to find my way out.
The next day I ____13____ with my other band teacher and told her about my problems. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, ____14____ only an unpleasant sound came out he handed me a new reed（簧片）. I put it in place and tried again. To my ____15____, I could play so well.
Hiding from those fears only digs a hole, making a person trapped（陷入困境）inside. After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and more enjoyable.
2. A. walk B. fall C. step D. move
6. A. loved B. kept C. hated D. started
9. A. avoiding B. taking C. choosing D. attending
10. A. shouting B. crying C. changing D. asking
12. A. push B. pull C. draw D. climb
13. A. argued B. played C. met D. worked
二、阅读理解
A篇：can+动词，be called被动语态，there be 结构，want to do , listen to
B篇：感官动词smell，start to do, continue doing, touch, be left被动语态, be ready for...
C篇：seem+adj, share ... with.., decide to do , tell sb to do sth, be asked to do, have passed现在完成时，give sth to sb, go on to do sth, be able to do sth, was fixing过去进行时
D篇：be used, encourage sb to do sth, make preparations for, can start by doing, free sb from doing sth, focus on,
avoid, make efforts to do, have a positive impact on sth, make sth +adj, need to do sth .
三、词汇运用
34. Breakfast is served between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
35. Jack’s bike went wrong and he will repair_ it this afternoon.
37. You had better explain（解释）it to our teacher, not to me.
四、语法填空
When I was 20 years old, I had a big dream in my mind. I wanted 41._to travel（travel）around Africa with my backpack.
After seven 49.____（month）of full backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realized having a student-like mind helped me learn a lot, which 50.satisfied（satisfy）me more than any other trip that ever did to me.
Ted, a 13-year-old boy, recently entered a new school, so he had no ___1___ yet.
One morning when the bell rang for lunch, he found he had ___2___ his wallet at home. ..But as Ted was ___4___, he didn’t know much about him. He went over and asked if Mike could ___5___ him some money for lunch. Mike laughed, saying, “Are you begging (乞讨) ” The other students laughed, too, which made Ted ___6___. With his face in red, he made no answer and walked ___7___ back towards the empty bench.
When Ted ___8___ the bench, he noticed a wallet lying on the ground nearby. Picking it up, he found it was Mike’s. Inside was quite a lot of money for a kid. At first, Ted wanted to ___9___ it a secret, but then he changed his mind.
Seeing Ted coming back, Mike asked, “Still want the money ” “No,” replied Ted, “I came to return your wallet you have ___10___ over there.”
Mike stood ___11___ for a second. Then he asked, “Why are you giving it back ” “My mother is always telling me ‘honesty won’t let you down,’” explained Ted....
2. A. forgotten B. packed C. left D. put
5. A. borrow B. lend C. show D. hand
8 A. returned B. cleaned C. reached D. touched
9. A. save B. hide C. guard D. keep
10. A. fallen B. dropped C. lost D. thrown
【2题详解】句意：一天早上，当午餐铃响时，他发现自己把钱包忘在家里了。forgotten忘记；packed打包；left留下；put放置。根据“at home”可知，钱包留在家里，故选C。
【5题详解】句意：他走过去问迈克能否借些钱吃午饭。
borrow借进；lend借出；show展示；hand提交。根据“him some money”可知，借点钱给他，故选B。
2024年中考
【8题详解】句意：当特德到达长凳时，他注意到一个钱包躺在附近的地上。
returned返回；cleaned打扫；reached到达；touched碰触。根据“back towards the empty bench”可知，到达长椅边上时，故选C。
【9题详解】句意：起初，泰德想保守秘密，但后来他改变了主意。
save节约；hide隐藏；guard保卫；keep保持。根据“but then he changed his mind”可知，一开始想保守秘密，故选D。
【10题详解】句意：我来还你掉在那边的钱包。
fallen摔倒；dropped掉落；lost丢失；thrown扔。根据“I came to return your wallet”可知，归还掉落的钱包，故选B。
2024阅读理解
A篇：set up; perform(ed),has been(现在完成），build(t),offer(s),choose,enjoy,
B篇：be considered(被认为)，be admired(被羡慕)，enter(ed),win(won),cheer...on,
require(d),hold(held),compete,be turned down(被拒绝)，due to,begin to feel,turned to(求助),agreed to,insisted, count on, succeed, practice, improve, achieve.
C篇：take the subway,notice,become,listen to,find,give(s),be asked to do,turn ut, recall,support(ed),show(ed),learn ...from,try to do,make no difference, need to stay,have to, organize(d),
D篇：spread,cause(ing),might influence,travel(传播意思)，add(ing) to,take in, in turn,affect,use.. to do,compare... to,incease(用作名词)，be caused,form(ing),make sth do,rise(ing用作形容词),worry，disturb，hunt(ing),avoid,happen.carry out,
2024词汇应用
31. Tina c________ the last bus and got home safe and sound.
34. When given something you don’t want to eat, just r________ politely.
39. Parents play an important role in ________ (准备) their children for school.
caught refuse preparing
2024语法填空
Using AI to help others
“At first, I just wanted a tool to help with my studies. Then it ___41___ (draw) attention from more people,” Qiu Yumo, aged 13, told Teens. Qiu is from Huitong School in Shenzhen, Guangdong. She made AI Button. ...“My classmates and I want to have a learning friend ___43___ (help) us remember the key information. When we don’t know something, we can also ask for help at any time,” Qiu said about her idea.
Students only need to put what they ___44___ (study) into AI Button.
41. drew 43. to help 44. are studying
三、链接中考
The coffee cup fell off the desk and b_____ into pieces.
2. People like ______ (分享) things through WeChat now.
3. Children should be e___ to make decisions by themselves.
4. Doing more exercise will _________(改善) your health.
5. It’s very helpful to _____ (讨论) your problems with your parents.
6. Don’t let homework ______ too much time. Children need to play.
give up B. take up C. look up D. put up
7.The student asked his teacher, “ Sir, the water was awful. Why did you seem_______(enjoy)it ”
8.You should try______(deal) with problems first by yourself.
9. Measures have been taken to stop factories from ___________ (污染) the environment.
10. We got up early and c____ the early train back.
1. broke 2. share 3. encouraged 4. improved 5. discuss 6.B
7.to enjoy 8. to deal 9. polluting 10. caught
11. The fisherman made a fire and _______(悬挂) his wet clothes up to dry
12. I'm sure if you ask her for help, Alice won't ___________(拒绝
13. You’ll have to hurry if you want to c______ that train.
14. Bad news _____(传播) faster. 15.If these students are criticized strictly by teachers, they_______ (feel) upset and begin to doubt their own abilities.
16. I don’t think money will _____(解决) all my problems.
17. However, Anna refused 53 (live) with her sister, saying that she would like to take care of herself.
18. Instead of 56 (feel) sad every day, she decided not to let it hold her back.
19. Whoever breaks the law will be ________ (惩罚).
20. There is a train in now. If you run, you’ll just ________ (赶上) it.
21. Our head teacher always ________ (鼓励) us to solve problems by ourselves.
11. hung 12. refuse 13. catch 14. spreads 15. feel 16. solve 17. to live 18. feeling 19.punished;20.catch; 21.encourage
22. Nowadays many farmers can a________ to buy a house in the city.
23. The thief was ________(抓获)stealing in the supermarket.
24. The boy ________(承诺)he wouldn't be late for school any more.
25. I must r__________ the books to the library before Friday.
26. My car has b_______ down. Will you please give me a ride
27. If you don’t do it now, you’ll only __________ (后悔) it.
28. Breakfast is s_____ between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
29. Jack’s bike went wrong and he will r_____ it this afternoon.
30. You had better ________ (解释）it to our teacher, not to me.
31. Tina c________ the last bus and got home safe and sound.
32. When given something you don’t want to eat, just r________ politely.
33. Parents play an important role in ________ (准备) their children for school.
22.afford 23.caught 24.promised 25.return 26.broken 27.regret
28.served 29.repair 30.explain 31.caught 32.refuse 33.preparing
（二）其他地市
1.A primary school in England has _________signs at its three entrances(入口),saying: Greet your child with a smile , not a mobile.
A. put into B. put off C. put on D. put up
2. You can _____ the word in the dictionary of you don’t know it.
A. give away B. cut off C. take after D. look up
3. The photos that won the first prize in the competition will be ___ on the website.
A. put away B. put off C. put up D. put on
4.–I’ve tried hard at my schoolwork but still .
A. failed B. worried C. improved D. succeeded
5.You’ll be (惩罚) if you break the traffic rules.
6.Eating too much salt ___ (增加) the risk of high blood pressure.
7.----Jack, the Maldives may ______ because of the rising sea levels.
----God! Let’s do something to stop that happening.
A.rise B. move C. grow D. disappear
8We have to ____ the school trip becsuse of the bad weather.
A.get off B. put off C. turn off D. shut off
1.D 2.D 3.D 4. A 5.punished 6.add 7. D 8. B
9. Please remember to _______ the electricity and water before you leave the laboratory.
A．take off B．shut off C．go off D．put off
10.Teachers expect all their students __ progress day by day.
A．to make B．make C．to take D．take
11.—Look! This restaurant is always crowded.
—The food here _____ be very delicious. Let’s go and have a taste.
A. need B. can’t C. must D. will
12.If buildings fall down with people inside, the snake robots can help ______ people under the buildings.
A. take up B. look for C. cut up D. look out
13.I used to ______(收集) stamps, but now I like drawing.
14．The baby pandas often (weight) about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos at birth.
15．China (succeed) in sending three taikonaunts to Tiangong space station on May 30, 2023.
16. ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, was (develop) by OpenAI and met the public in November, 2022.
17. A lot of birds (protect) in nature parks every year.
9.B 10.B 11. C 12.B 13. collect 14. weigh
15.succeeded 16. developed 17. are protected
2025动词及动词短语预测题
一、 完形填空
This is Tammela School, a primary school in Finland. Now the students are 1 a math class with their robot teacher.
The “teacher” is a small, blue machine about 25 cm high, Reuters 2 . Whenever students have problems, it helps them very patiently and never 3 bored.
“The robot can 4 students more active in class than usual. I see Elias as one of the tools to get different kinds of practice and activities into the classroom，” a teacher told Reuters.
So far, the school has 5 four robot teachers, one of whom is a language teacher that can speak 23 languages and dance to music. “It is necessary to 6 new ways to make use of technology in school life，” the head teacher of the school 7 in the interview. “The robot teachers are used to help 8 learning. This doesn't mean that human teachers will 9 their jobs in the future. The robots can 10 well, but they are not able to keep class in order. The school still needs human teachers.”
1．A.eating B．having C．running D．drawing
2．A.watched B．explained C．dreamed D．reported
3．A.gets B．tastes C．smells D．remains
4．A.encourage B．expect C．make D．invite
5．A.introduced B．told C．seen D．realised
6．A.come on B．come up with C．come across D．come down
7．A.refused B．promised C．included D．added
8．A.improve B．increase C．suffer D．change
9．A.find B．win C．lose D．enjoy
10．A.sing B．teach C．speak D．learn
答案：一、1.B　2.D　3.A　4.C　5.A　6.B　7.D　8.A　9.C　10.B
二、 语法填空
I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he 1(ask) why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old. “I 2(try) to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling(溢出) the milk all over the floor—a sea of milk! I was frightened and I didn’t know what to do！” he said.
His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen. “I 3(consider) how to explain all this to you, mom，” he said. Instead of 4(punish) him, she said，“Robert, what a great mess you have made! I 5(not see) such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has already been spilled, would you like 6(play) in the milk for a while We 7(clean) it up after that.” Then, he did so. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you 8(make) a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up.” He used a sponge(海绵) and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.
His mother then said, “You know, we 9(fail) in how to successfully carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you 10(discover) a way to carry it.” Then the little boy learned that if he grasped(抓紧) the bottle at the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.
What a wonderful lesson!
答案：1．was asked　2.was trying 3．am considering 4.punishing 5．haven’t seen 6.to play 7．will clean 8.make 9．failed 10.can discover
三、动词应用
1.The traditional Chinese lunar calendar has d a year into 24solar terms.
2.I told him it was too hot to go out, but he kept ___ (look out) of the window and said, “Just for two minutes.”
3. But it made our son happy and that (mean) a lot to us.
4.His family can (承担得起)to send him to a university abroad.
5.The workers (克服)all the difficulties and finished the work on time.
6..Her childhood of walking around the Pacific Ocean and (dig) in the mud( 淤 泥 ) of Puget Sound has greatly influenced her work.
答案divided looking out meant afford overcame digging
一、 完型填空
1.Looking back, Lily realized that one act of kindness could make a big difference. The dog she saved not only found its home but also ___ hearts together in unexpected ways.
A．broke B．closed C．hurt D．Brought
2.For example, we usually don’t start eating unless the eldest person at the table has taken the first bite (第一口). And we also use specific (特定的) phrases to show thanks for the person who ___the meal.
A．followed B．prepared C．protected D．produced
3. “You’re going to be great!” Anna suddenly heard. She surprisingly saw Helen walking towards her. Anna stood with her mouth open. “I really didn’t think you were going to ___ . I’m sorry. You were just trying to help me, but I didn’t want to listen to what you tried to say.”
A．give up B．show up C．look up D．wake up
4. I called to see what was going on. My little boy Bill quickly answered. “Don’t ___ , Mum!” he shouted as he came running to my bedroom door. “I’m making something special for you this Mother’s Day. I’m making a nice breakfast, and I want to serve you in bed.”
A．give up B．set up C．get up D．hurry up
5. I silently sat beside her and looked at her. “Mum, may I ask you a question ” I said. “What ” she ___ , still doing her work. “Is there love between you and Dad ” I asked her in a very low voice. My mother stopped her work and looked at me in silence.
A.reminded B．refused C．repeated D．replied
2025预测
6. In 2005, I ___ an organization for young adults with physical disabilities so they could do sports again. I believe we can do anything and we can be anything as long as we can face ourselves bravely in our life.
A．took up B．made up C．set up D．turned up
7. I was also impressed by something that happened during a voluntary activity I ___ this year. I was working on the riverbank. With friends, my job was to pick up rubbish and test the water quality.
A．took part in B．joined C．attended D．took part
8. Through the photos and videos, Xu wishes more people to___ coral and have knowledge about coral so that they can learn how to protect coral. “Understanding coral is the first step to protect it,” he says.
A．take control of B．look forward to
C．take pride in D．pay attention to
9. Rick, a school boy,had a love for playing video games. Every day, his parents ___①___ him to take some exercise instead of playing video games. However, he didn’t always __②__.
1. A. invited B. reminded C. chose D. caught
2. A. report B. guess C. listen D. search
10. ... “The spider is dangerous. Let me give it away.”
“Wait, Mom!” Pedro said. “I want to ____ which kind of spider it is first.”
A.think of B. find out C. leave for D. take away
答案：
㈠完型填空 1-5 D B B C D 6-8 C A D 9. ① B ② C 10. B
2025动词应用预测
1. Their laughter and cries made him feel like he had become a young man again. He promised _____(give) each of them a dollar if they would play there every day.
2. The boys felt so sad that they refused his request. Was it worth _____ (play) so hard if they didn’t get much in return
3. In addition, some sellers considered _____(ask) famous people for help. Strategies of the Warring States (《战国策》) mentions the story of a horse seller.
4. He went to Bo Le, a famous local horse expert, and said to him politely, “Could you visit my stall (摊位) and look at my horses I’ll pay you _____it.” Bo Le agreed.
to give
piaying
asking
for
5. Muniba’s life changed a lot when a terrible car accident happened_____ her. At the young age of 21, she had to spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair.
6. They were encouraged _____ (embrace) the challenges, accept themselves as they are and go for their dreams.
7. Wu’s grandparents took care ____ him when he was a little boy, but they couldn’t see each other often after he started school.
8. Teachers play ___important role in education. They not only teach knowledge but also help students develop their skills.
9. After graduation, many students will face the challenge of finding a job. Some may choose to start their own business, while others may continue their education _____(get) more qualifications (学历).
to
to embrace
of
an
to get
This is Tammela School, a primary school in Finland. Now the students are1._____(learn)a math class with their robot teacher.
The "teacher" is a small, blue machine about 25cm high, the newspaper 2.______(report).Whenever students have problems, it helps them very patiently and never3______(get) bored."The robot can 4.____ (make) students more active in class than usual. I see Elias as one of the tools to get different kinds of practice and activities into the classroom," a teacher told the reporter.
So far, the school has 5.______(introduce)four robot teachers, one of whom is a language teacher that can speak 23 languages and dance to music. " It is necessary 6.______(encourage) kids to come up with new ways to make use of technology in school life," the head teacher of the school 7.______(add) in the interview. "The robot teachers 8.____ (use) to help improve learning.
This doesn't mean that human teachers will 9.____(lost) their jobs in the future. The robots can10.____(teacher)well, but they are not able to keep the class in order. The school still needs human teachers.
2025动词语法填空预测
1.learning 2.reported 3. gets 4. make 5.introduced
6.to encourage 7.added 8. are used 9.lose 10.teach
One day, a young man was traveling on a train. As the train was moving 1 a wild land, the passengers looked out of the windows quietly. When the train reached a bend (弯道), it 2 and a simple house came into view. It was so easy to notice that everybody on the train turned to “enjoy” with eyes wide open. Some passengers even began a 3 about it. The young man was also 4 by the scenery. On his return he 5 the train at the nearest station and found his way to the house. Its owner said that he was troubled by the 6 of the train. He wanted to sell the house, but 7 would buy it.
The young man decided to buy it for $30,000. He thought it was a good place for 8 because it was facing the railway bend. When the train moved slowly past, the 9 passengers would be very interested in the house.
He tried to 10 some big companies and told them that could be used for advertisement. At last the Coca - Cola Company took it to put up their 11. To everyone's surprise, the young man was 12 $180,000 for a three - year rent.
This is a true story. It tells us that discovery is very important to 13 . Many people have got new ideas from it. Everyone will meet with 14 opportunities in their lives. The key is to keep your eyes open to find them. When you catch an opportunity, you should do all you can to 15 it.
（ ）1.A. over B. around C. through D. across
（ ）2.A. dropped off B. slowed down C. turned down D. put down
（ ）3.A. discussion B. meeting C. subject D. competition
（ ）4.A. attacked B. frightened C. trapped D. attracted
（ ）5.A. got on B. looked for C. got off D. waited for
（ ）6.A. track B. conductor C. passenger D. noise
（ ）7.A. nobody B. someone C. anyone D. everyone
（ ）8.A. information B. relaxing C. traveling D. advertisement
（ ）9.A. excited B. tired C. surprised D. worried
（ ）10.A. work for B. join in C. connect with D. look up
（ ）11.A. messages B. companies C. notices D. signs
（ ）12.A. shown B. allowed C. offered D. returned
（ ）13.A. success B. co中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
动词和动词短语
动词是英语考试中考查频率最高、比重最大的实词。在历年的考试中，动词词义辨析是必考点，其中在具体的语境中的动词辨析，主要包括同义、近义动词词义以及动词短语的辨析，是考试中的难点之一。其解题关键是通过分析具体的语境来辨析动词的词义。因此，在平时的英语学习中要重视对动词及动词短语的学习、理解、整理和记忆，不断积累动词相关知识。
Learning Goals:
在情境中掌握动词种类和用法
通过辨析掌握动词和动词短语中考考点
在语境中熟练运用中考动词和动词短语解题技巧
一、动词种类
系动词：系动词本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，后必须接表语，构成系表结构，说明主语的性质、状态、身份或特征。
分类 用法 例子
状态系动词 表示主语所处的状态 be
感官系动词 表示人体器官的系动词 taste，smell，sound，feel，look
表象系动词 表示看起来/似乎处于某种状态 appear，look，seem
变化系动词 表示主语由一种状态变换到另一种状态 become，get，go，grow，turn
持续系动词 表示主语持续或保持一种状况 keep，stay
-It's a beautiful day today！-Can we go outside -No, we should stay at home.
实义动词：
Share food and time with family,and you will find the home time is not too bad soon！
实义动词的分类
实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词,又可称为行为动词,如work,study,run等。按其句法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。
a. 及物动词
及物动词本身意义不完整,后面要跟一个名词或代词等作宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语。Dick is watching TV. 迪克正在看电视。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补。We call her Linda. 我们叫她琳达。
【注意】接省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:make,let,see,watch,have,hear,notice等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。
My friend often gives me some old books. 我朋友经常给我一些旧书。
【注意】常见的带双宾语的动词:
give,buy,tell,write,read,teach,bring,get,leave,pass,offer,lend,return,serve等。
c.延续性动词和短暂性动词
(1)延续性动词表示动作是延续的,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。这样的词有live,stay,work,keep,study,teach等。
You can keep the book for a week.
你可以借用这本书一个星期。
(2)短暂性动词表示瞬间动作,动作一经发生立即结束,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。这样的词有die,buy,borrow,lend,arrive,join,finish,go,come,catch等。
His grandfather died two days ago. 他的祖父两天前去世了。
助动词
助动词是帮助实义动词完成某些功能(如表示时态、语态、构成否定句、疑问句、简略答语等)的动词。助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语。
(1) be作为助动词的用法：
①be后跟动词的现在分词可以构成各种进行时态。例如：
—What are you doing 你们在干什么？
—We are watching TV. 我们在看电视。
②be后跟动词的过去分词可以构成被动语态。例如：
The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。
(2) do(does， did)
do的过去式为did，do(did)作为助动词，有以下用法：
① do(does， did)构成一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句和否定句。例如：—Do you like basketball 你喜欢篮球吗？
—Yes, I do. 是的，我喜欢。
②do构成否定祈使句。例如：Don’t smoke here. 别在这儿吸烟。
(3) have(had)
have的过去式为had, have(had)作为助动词和过去分词一
起构成各种完成时态。例如：
Have you been to Japan 你去过日本吗？
We haven’t finished the work yet. 我们还没有完成这项工作。
(4) will(would)，shall(should)
助动词will(would)用于构成一般将来时，shall(should)用于构成过去将来时。shall(should)主语用于第一人称，will(would)常用于一切人称。例如：
I will (shall) help her with her English.
我将在英语方面帮助她。
The weather report said that it would rain the next day.
天气预报说明天将有雨。
4.情态动词（命题3中详解）
（1）基本用法 （2）表示推测
二、动词命题点
命题点1　动词词义辨析
动词词义辨析可分为实义动词词义辨析和感官动词词义辨析两类。解答动词词义辨析类试题时，首先要明确各选项的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或者前后的逻辑关系，从而确定正确答案。因此熟记动词的含义是解答此类试题的关键。
考法 　实义动词词义辨析
分类 单词/短语 用法
四“说” speak 发言；说(某种语言)
say 说(内容)
talk 谈论；talk about sth.; talk to/with sb.
tell 告诉；讲述；tell sb. (not) to do sth.
四“看” look 看(动作)；可单独成句；look at...
watch 看(电视、比赛)；注视
see 看见(结果)；看望；理解(I see.)
read 看(书、报)；读；读懂别人的内心
四“拿” bring 带来；拿来。强调从别处带到离说话人近的地方
take 拿走；带走。强调从说话处带到离说话人远的地方
carry 扛，搬；用力移动。不强调方向
fetch/get 去取；去拿。强调动作的往返
四“穿” wear “穿着；戴着”，强调状态，wear后可接穿戴的东西，包括眼镜、首饰等
put on “穿上；戴上”，指“穿”的动作，反义词为“take off”
dress “穿衣”，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为“给某人穿衣服”；dress oneself“打扮；给自己穿衣服”
be in 表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表示颜色的词
四“花费” spend 主语是人，指花费时间和金钱。spend... on...； spend... (in) doing sth.
pay 主语是人，指花费金钱。pay... for...＝spend... on...
cost 主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱或其他代价。sth. cost(s) (sb.)．..
take 多用it作形式主语，指花费时间。It takes sb. ... to do sth.＝sb. spend(s)．.. (in) doing sth.
三“听” listen 听；listen to＋名词(强调听的过程)
hear 听见；hear＋名词(强调听的结果)
sound 听起来； sound＋形容词(强调听的效果)
三“借” borrow 借入；borrow sth. from sb.
lend 借出；lend sth. to sb.
keep 借用若干时间；keep... for 2 days
三“希望” hope 希望；hope to do sth.; hope＋that 从句
wish 但愿、希望；wish to do sth.; wish sb. to do sth.; wish＋that 从句
expect 期待、期望； expect to do sth.; expect sb. to do sth.
三“到达” reach “到达”，是及物动词(比get更正式)，其后可直接接地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)
get “到达”，不及物动词，其后通常接介词 to
arrive “到达”，不及物动词，其后通常接介词 at (一般用于较小的地方)或 in (一般用于较大的地方)
三“提供” give give sb. sth.＝ give sth. to sb.(强调一般性给出或因别人需要而给)
provide provide sb. with sth.＝ provide sth. for sb.
offer offer sb. sth.＝ offer sth. to sb.(强调主动提供)
两“忘记” forget 表示“忘记”时，forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用
leave 在表示“遗忘”时，通常要与表示地点的状语连用
考法 　感官动词词义辨析
单词 含义 常见搭配
look 看起来(视觉) look nice看起来不错
taste 尝起来(味觉) taste good尝起来不错 taste delicious尝起来美味
sound 听起来(听觉) sound good/great听起来很棒 sound interesting听起来很有趣
feel 摸起来(触觉) feel smooth摸起来顺滑 feel comfortable感到舒服
smell 闻起来(嗅觉) smell good闻起来不错 smell sweet闻起来香甜
seem 好像；似乎；看来 It seems like...似乎，好像
命题点2　动词短语辨析
动词短语辨析的主要考查形式如下：①同一动词＋不同介词/副词；②不同动词＋同一介词/副词；③不同动词＋不同介词/副词。此类试题旨在通过题干或语境考查考生对上下文的理解、动词短语不同搭配的识别、记忆及恰当运用动词短语的能力。所以考生应对常见的动词短语牢记于心，尤其是要运用到语境中，方便理解记忆。
1．同一动词的不同搭配
(1)look短语
look after 照料；照顾
look at 看
look around 环顾
look back 回顾
look for 寻找；寻求
look forward to 盼望；期待
look like 看起来像
look out 注意；当心；向外看
look over 仔细检查；查看
look through 快速查看；浏览
look up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看
(2)cut短语
cut down 砍倒
cut off 切除
cut out 删除；删去
cut up 切碎
cut in 插嘴
(3)run短语
run after 追逐；追赶
run away 跑开
run out of 用尽；耗尽
(4)turn短语
turn around 转身
turn down 关小；拒绝；调低
turn up 开大；调高
turn... into 把……变成
turn on接通 (电流、煤气、水等)；打开
turn off 关掉
turn out 结果是；被证明是
turn over 翻身；翻转
turn left/right向左/右转
(5)take短语
take after (外貌或行为)像
take away 拿走
take care of 照顾；处理
take down 取下；记录
take in 吸入；吞入(体内)
take off 脱下(衣服)；起飞
take on 承担；呈现
take out 取出；带……出去
take over 接收；接管
take part in 参加
take pride in 以……为骄傲
take place 发生；出现
take up (尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占用(时间)；占据(空间)
(6)get短语
get away from 远离
get back 回来；恢复；取回
get down下来
get dressed 穿上衣服
get into 陷入；参与
get lost 迷路
get off (使某人)离开，出发，动身；下车
get on 上车
get on/along with 与……相处
get ready for... 为……做准备
get to 到达
get up 起床；站起
get over 克服
(7)use短语
be/get used to 习惯于(to为介词)
be used to do 被用来做……
used to do 曾经做；过去常常做
(8)give短语
give away 赠送；捐赠
give back 还给；归还；恢复(健康等)
give out 分发；散发
give up 放弃
give in 屈服
(9)call短语
call (sb.) at (给某人)打电话
call (sb.) back (给某人)回电话
call in 召来；叫来
(10)come短语
come across (偶然)遇见(或发现)
come along (意外地)出现；进展
come back 回来；回想起
come down 降落；落下
come from 出生于；来自
come into 进入
come in 进来；到达
come on 加油；快点儿；得了吧
come out 开花；出版
come over 顺便来访
come true 实现；成为现实
come up with 想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)
(11)bring短语
bring back 恢复；使想起；归还
bring up 养育；抚养
bring out 使显现；使表现出
(12)fall短语
fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着
fall down 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌
fall in love with 爱上；喜欢上
fall over 绊倒
(13)go短语
go after 追求；设法获得
go against 反对；违背
go ahead 继续；干吧
go along (the street) 沿着(这条街)走
go around 到处走动；传开
go away 走开
go back 回去
go by 从旁经过；时间流逝
go down下降
go off (闹钟)发出响声
go on 继续
go out 外出(娱乐)；熄灭
go over 走过去；复习；仔细检查
go through 经历；浏览；翻阅；通过
(14)make短语
make sure 确保；查明
make up 编造(故事、谎言等)
make a decision 做决定
make use of 利用
(15)put短语
put back 放回原处
put down 写下；放下
put on 增加(体重)；上演；穿上(衣服)
put off 推迟
put up 搭建；举起；张贴
put away 收拾(整理)好
put sth. to good use 好好利用某物
put out 熄灭
put up with 容忍
(16)set短语
set off 动身；出发
set up 建起；建立
(17)keep短语
keep on 继续
keep off 不接近；避开
keep up (with) 跟上，了解；保持同步
keep away from 避免接近；远离
keep in mind 记住
keep in touch with 和……保持联系
keep out of 置身于……之外
2．不同动词与同一介词或副词的搭配
(1)up短语
cheer up (使)变得高兴；振奋起来
clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
dress up 装扮；乔装打扮
end up 最终成为；最后处于
fix up 修理；装饰
fill up 装满；填补
grow up 长大；成熟
hang up 挂断电话
hurry up 赶快；急忙
make up 编造；组成；化妆
mix up 混淆；弄混
pick up 捡起；接电话；接某人
show up 赶到；露面
stand up 站立
stay up 熬夜
tidy up 整理
use up 用光
wake up 醒来；叫醒
(2)out短语
blow out 吹灭
break out 爆发
carry out 执行
check out 察看；观察
clear out 清理；丢掉
find out 查明；弄清
hand out 分发
hang out 闲逛；常去某处
leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略
point out 指出
sell out 卖光
set out 出发；启程
try out 选拔；试验
work out 成功地发展；解决
(3)down短语
break down 停止运转，出故障
calm down 镇静下来
die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
fall down 倒塌；摔倒
look down on/upon 瞧不起
let... down 使……失望
lie down 躺下
pull... down 拆下；摧毁
sit down 坐下
write down 写下；记录下
(4)with短语
agree with 同意；赞成
begin/start with 以……开始
catch up with 赶上(或超过)
compare... with... 比较；对比
connect... with... 把……和……连接或联系起来
deal with 应付；处理
end up with 以……结束
share with 和……分享
talk with 和……交谈
(5)about短语
argue about 争论
think about 考虑
care about 关心；在意
hear about 听说
know/learn about 了解
talk about 谈论；议论
walk about 四处走动
worry about 担心
(6)for短语
search for 搜索；查找
ask for 请求
leave for 动身去
pay for 为……付钱
prepare for 为……做准备
wait for 等待
stand for 代表
(7)on短语
hold on 等一等(别挂电话)
agree on 对……意见一致
call on访问，拜访
decide on决定；选定
depend on/upon依靠；依赖；视……而定；取决于
live/feed on... 靠……为生；以……为食
pass on 传递
try on 试穿
work on 从事；忙于
3．不同动词与不同介词或副词的搭配
arrive at 到达(小地点)
arrive in 抵达，到达(大地点)
believe in 信任；信赖
divide... into 把……分成
separate from 分开；分离
hear about 听说
hear from 接到(某人的)信、电话等
throw away 扔掉；抛弃
drop by 顺便访问；随便进入
laugh at 嘲笑
move away 搬走
stick to 坚持；固守
pay attention to 注意；关注
pass by 路过；经过
pull together 齐心协力；通力合作
shut down 关闭；停止运转
take one's place 替换某人的位置
think of 认为
命题点3　情态动词辨析
情态动词的考查角度一般为情态动词的基本用法和情态动词表示推测。解答情态动词辨析类试题时，首先要分析语境，判断该题考查情态动词的基本用法还是表示推测的用法，然后结合语境中的关键信息及各个选项的用法确定正确答案。
1．情态动词的基本用法
单词 含义及用法
can 表示能力，意为“能，会”(＝be able to)
(疑问句中)表示请求
表示允许，意为“可以”
can't 意为“不会，不能”
could can的过去式，意为“能，会”，表示过去的能力
在疑问句中表示委婉的请求
Jim can sing songs.吉姆会唱歌。
Can I play basketball now？我现在可以打篮球吗？
You can play basketball on weekends.你可以周末去打篮球。
I can't give you an answer now.我现在不能给你一个答复。
Lily could swim at the age of 5.莉莉五岁的时候就会游泳了。
Could you tell me the way to the post office？你能告诉我去邮局的路吗？
单词/短语 含义及用法
must 表示主观看法，意为“必须，一定”
have to 意为“不得不，必须”，多表示客观需要，有人称、时态和数的变化，有时可与must互换
mustn't 意为“一定不要，禁止”
I must work hard.我必须努力学习。
I have to get up early tomorrow.我明天不得不早起。
You mustn't play football on the street.你(们)一定不要在马路上踢足球。
单词 含义及用法
may 表示请求、许可，意为“可以”
might may的过去式，表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉
May I speak to Amy？我可以和艾米通话吗？
Might I ask you a question？我可以问你一个问题吗？
单词 含义及用法
need 作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于否定句和疑问句中
needn't need的否定式，意为“不需要”，常用于must提问的否定回答
Alex needn't attend the meeting.亚历克斯不必参加会议。
—Must I pay for the book in advance？我必须先为这本书付款吗？
—No, you needn't.不，你不需要。
【特别提醒】
(1)回答以could引导的一般疑问句时，用can，不用could。
—Could I use your mobile phone？我可以用你的手机吗？
—Yes, you can./ No, you can't.是的，你可以。/不，你不可以。
(2)由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must；否定回答常用needn't/don't have to/doesn't have to/didn't have to。
—Must I hand in my homework this afternoon？我今天下午必须交家庭作业吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't/don't have to.是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
(3)由may或might引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用may/can；否定回答用can't/mustn't。
—May/Might I sit here？我可以坐在这儿吗？
—Yes, you may/can./No, you can't/mustn't.是的，你可以。/不，你不能。
(4)由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't。
—Need I do the work at once？我需要立刻做这项工作吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't.是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
单词/短语 含义及用法
should/ ought to 用于肯定句和否定句中时，should和ought to可互换使用，意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议
表示征询意见，用于疑问句中，只能用should，不能用ought to
shouldn't 意为“不应该”
You should/ought to come to school on time.你应该按时到校。
Should I go to her party？我应该去参加她的聚会吗？
We shouldn't waste water.我们不应该浪费水。
单词/短语 含义及用法
shall 常用于疑问句，多用于第一、三人称，表示请求或征求对方意见
表示决心、警告、命令，多用于第二人称
will 表示意愿或请求，用于疑问句中，常用于第二人称
would 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事，如意志、愿望或决心等
had better 意为“最好”，没有人称和数的变化，常缩写为 'd better
Shall we go to the zoo？我们去动物园，好吗？
Will you please pass the book to me？请把那本书递给我，好吗？
Jane said she would not go with Tom, for she didn't like him.简说她不愿和汤姆一起去，因为她不喜欢他。
You'd better come back early today.你今天最好早点儿回来。
2．情态动词表示推测的用法
单词 用法
can't 表示十分有把握的否定推测，意为“一定不，不可能”
could 表示推测，意为“有可能，也许”(20%～80%的可能性)，语气缓和、较委婉
may 表示把握不大的肯定推测，意为“有可能，也许”
might 表示推测，意为“有可能，也许”，可能性低于may
must 表示非常有把握的肯定推测(100%的可能性)，意为“一定，肯定”
He can't be having a meeting. I saw him just now.他不可能在开会。我刚才看见他了。
The pencil could be Bob's.这支铅笔可能是鲍勃的。
John may come back at 5：00 p．m.约翰可能在下午五点回来。
She might have gone to the library. She likes reading books in the afternoon.她或许去图书馆了。她喜欢下午看书。
It must be raining outside. My father's clothes are so wet.外面一定在下雨。我爸爸的衣服这么湿。
命题点4　动词填空
动词填空的考查形式：①动词原形；②动词的第三人称单数；③动词过去式；④动词的 ing形式。在解答此类试题时，考生需要分析句子成分，并掌握动词的变化规律。根据空格前后的词以及上下文语境来判断填动词的哪种形式。可参考以下步骤：
步骤一　确定空格处填动词
动词是用来描述主语的动作行为或状态的词，在句子中作谓语，是句子不可缺少的部分，用来说明主语是什么、处于什么状态或做什么。如果句中没有谓语，则可判定此处应填动词。
步骤二　判断是否需要变形
1．填动词原形
(1)在情态动词/助动词及其否定形式之后；
(2)在动词不定式符号to之后；
(3)祈使句以动词开头；
(4)时态为一般现在时，且在非第三人称单数的主语后。
2．填动词的第三人称单数
(1)在一般现在时的句子中，主语是第三人称单数或不可数名词；
(2)复合不定代词作主语；
(3)动词的 ing形式作主语。
3．填动词过去式
(1)有明显的表示过去的时间标志词，如yesterday，just now，two years ago，last week/year等；
(2)主从句时态一致，当主句时态为一般过去时，从句通常也用相应的过去时态；
(3)动词过去式＋and/ or＋动词过去式；
(4)根据上下文语境和时态判断。
4．填动词的 ing形式
(1)be＋动词的 ing形式，表示进行时；
(2)介词后接动词的 ing形式；
(3)用于固定搭配中。
5．填动词的 ed形式
(1)与have/has构成完成时；
(2)be＋动词的 ed形式，表示被动；
(3)have/has/get sth.＋动词的 ed形式，使某事/物被……。
【特别提醒】
动词的第三人称单数、过去式、
－ed形式、－ing形式的变化规则
形式 构成 示例
第三人称单数 一般在动词原形后直接加 s work→works read→reads
以s, o, x, z, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加 es go→goes wash→washes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加 es fly→flies study→studies
过去式与 ed形式 一般在动词原形后直接加 ed work→worked stay→stayed
以不发音的e结尾的动词后只加 d close→closed like→liked
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y变为i再加 ed study→studied carry→carried
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加 ed stop→stopped plan→planned
ing形式 一般在动词原形后直接加 ing sleep→sleeping wait→waiting
以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加 ing smile→smiling move→moving
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加 ing sit→sitting plan→planning
少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加 ing die→dying lie→lying
1.（2024 黑龙江龙东地区改编）—Tbe book is worth reading, How long may I__a week.
A. keep; For B.borrow; For C.lend; In D.stay; In
2.（2024 绥化改编） Hury up!The movie__for ten minutes.
A.has begun B.began C.has been on D. was
3.—Your skirt____so special.
—Oh yes, it's very popular these days. It's called mamianqun.
A.sounds B. looks C. smells D. tastes
4.—What do you think of this piece of music
—It____ beaitiful.
A.sounds B. listen C. hear D. feel
5. (2024济南改编)In the past, many rivers_________(pollute)seriously, but now they are cleaned up.
6.(2024淮安)-I think your grandfather should____ smoking.
-I agree. Smoking is bad for his health.
A. put up B.give up C.pick up D. take up
7. (2024 徐州) I am planning to___ the new hobby in the summer holiday. I won't spend my spare time on my mobile phone all day long.
A. pick up B. turn up C. get up D. look up
8.（2024滨州）—Mom,would you like to help
—Oh, they are still in good condition. Let's___to people in need.
A. give them away B. wash them away
C. throw them away D.keep them away
9. （2024 连云港）To live a green life, we should remember to__
the lights when we leave a room.
A. turn on B.turn off C. turn up D. turn down
10. (2024 宿迁) In Switzerland, a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes, people___itsrich resources to live.
A. carry on C. depend on B. try on D.put on
二、中考题呈现及做题技巧点拨
针对中考题有些可以直接应用某一做题技巧，有时需要交叉应用多个方面，因此需要全面的，综合考虑。
（一）解题技巧
1.理解，牢记词义用法。
(2024词汇应用）
34. When given something you don’t want to eat, just r________ politely.
(2023词汇应用）
34. Breakfast is s_____ between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
35. Jack’s bike went wrong and he will r_______it this afternoon.
37. You had better _____（解释）it to our teacher, not to me.
(2022词汇应用)
32. I must r_____ the books to the library before Friday.
37. If you don’t do it now, you’ll only _____ (后悔) it.
(2022完形）Three days later, he arrived in class holding the papers that he had ___11___. “I’ve chosen the ten best essays for class discussion.” he said.
11. A. praised B. corrected C. studied D. written
(2020词汇应用)
68. There is a train in now. If you run, you'll just _____ (赶上) it.
69. Our head teacher always _____ (鼓励) us to solve problems by ourselves.
(2015中考题）Today, fashion designers are trying to make the kilt 44 more modern and fashionable to…
44. A. feel B. smell C. look D. sound
2.固定用法考查。（固定搭配）
(2024词汇应用)
39. Parents play an important role in ________ (准备) their children for school.
(2024语法填空)
My classmates and I want to have a learning friend ___43___ (help) us remember the key information.
(2023完形填空)...She had a(n) ____11____ and I realized that I really wanted to stay in the band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to ____12____ out of.
11.A. point B. idea C. sight D. mind
(2023语法填空）When I was 20 years old, I had a big dream in my mind. I wanted _41_（travel）around Africa with my backpack.
(2022完形填空）And then I worked the whole weekend ___10_ the essay and waited nervously for Mr. Bascom’s evaluation (评价).
10. A. for B. with C. about D. on
(2021 词汇应用）33. My parents are s________ with my progress in my lessons.
(2021 语法填空）He clearly didn't want me __44__(leave) him
　（2014中考题词汇）69. Measures have been taken to stop factories from polluting (污染) the environment.
3.整理积累相似动词及词组和辨析。
（2020年中考题） 单选24. The 32nd Olympic Games have been ________ to 2021 because of the outbreak of COVID 19.
A. put away B. put out C. put off D. put up
put away放好，收起来，存钱 put on上演，穿戴
put off延期 put up 举起，张贴，建造
put up with忍受put out熄灭，扑灭；伸出，拿出
（2019 单选）8. The traveler ________ his map to make sure he was not lost.
A. looked after B. looked up C. looked for D. looked down
2015中考题)完形The kilt is a special dress. Most Scottish men 34 it.
A. sell B. dress C. wear D. make
（2015中考题）单选25. When Liu Xiang announced that he would __ running forever, he burst into tears.
A. give away B. give up C. give out D. give in
4.语境（上下文）的应用。
（2024完形）One morning when the bell rang for lunch, he found he had ___2___ his wallet at home. ..But as Ted was ___4___, he didn’t know much about him. He went over and asked if Mike could ___5___ him some money for lunch. Mike laughed, saying, “Are you begging (乞讨) ” The other students laughed, too, which made Ted ___6___....When Ted ___8___ the bench, he noticed a wallet lying on the ground nearby. Picking it up, he found it was Mike’s. Inside was quite a lot of money for a kid. At first, Ted wanted to ___9___ it a secret, but then he changed his mind.
Seeing Ted coming back, Mike asked, “Still want the money ” “No,” replied Ted, “I came to return your wallet you have ___10___ over there.”
2. A. forgotten B. packed C. left D. put
5. A. borrow B. lend C. show D. hand
8 A. returned B. cleaned C. reached D. touched
9. A. save B. hide C. guard D. keep
10. A. fallen B. dropped C. lost D. thrown
（2023完形） But as most students progressed, I seemed to ___2___ behind....
From then on, I ___6___ playing the clarinet and I was getting worse.
2. A. walk B. fall C. step D. move
6.A. loved B. kept C. hated D. started
（2022完形填空）In my last year in high school, we were ___2 ___ that a new English teacher, Oliver Bascom, was going to ___3___ us.
2. A. warned B. told C. shown D. asked
3. A. help B. serve C. train D. teach
(2021 完形）One day, our teacher had each of us race __3__ the monkey bars(攀爬架), swinging from one rung(横杠) to the next. When it was my __4__， I shook my head. Some kids behind me __5__， and I went home crying.
Hearing my story, Mom hugged me. The next afternoon, she took me __6__ to school. At the empty playground, Mom looked carefully at the rungs. “Now, __7__ up with your right hand，” she advised.
2014中考题）完形In fact, there was nothing I could ask for because there was nothing more I 36 .此题根据语境才可选的出
36. A. searched B. bought C. planned D. needed
（2015中考题）单词拼写62. Can you imagine what it would be like to live under the sea
5.注意动词在时态和语态中的变形和应用。
（2024语法填空）
“At first, I just wanted a tool to help with my studies. Then it ___41___ (draw) attention from more people,”
（2023语法填空）After seven 49._____（month）of full backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realized having a student-like mind helped me learn a lot, which 50.______（satisfy）me more than any other trip that ever did to me.
（2022年词汇应用）
34. My car has b_______ down. Will you please give me a ride
（2021年中考题）
37. The thief was ________(抓获)stealing in the supermarket.
38. The boy ________(承诺)he wouldn't be late for school any more.
（2014单词拼写）
64. The company offered_ the young man a job, but he didn’t take it.
66. Doing more exercise will improve(改善) your health.
（2014选词填空）But people are usually 71.asked to work on weekends before or after the holiday（被动语态）
6.并列连词的提示。
（2024词汇应用）
31. Tina c________ the last bus and got home safe and sound.
（2019语法填空）
She managed to enter college and ____54____(study)very hard.
（2015阅读填空）They 75. feel (feel) upset and begin to doubt their own abilities.
（二）2018至2024年中考中的动词及动词短语分布。
2018年中考
★单项选择
4.The high-speed train will __ you about 2 hours from Rizhao to Jinan.
A.save B. pay C. use D. spend
5.The window broke into pieces shortly after the plane__.
A.got off B. took up C. got up D. took off
★完形填空：
The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy(同情) as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to 11 the seats, sat in one of them.
Finally, Susan felt ready to 13 to her job, but how would she get there She used to take the bus, but she was now afraid of getting around by herself. Mark 15 to ride the bus with Susan until she could manage it by herself.
For two weeks, Mark 17 Susan to and from work each day…
11. A. see B. take C. feel D. move
13. A. turn B. ride C. return D. come
15. A. learned B. continued C. afforded D. offerded
17. A. followed B. drove C. ran after D. went with
★ 单词拼写：
42. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished .
45. You’ll have to hurry if you want to catch this train.
46. Bad news spreads/travels（传播）faster.
★ 阅读填空
On a cold winter afternoon, I 51. ______(walk) home from a supermarket. I was feeling a little tired, as I was carrying my shopping bags. They were so heavy that I decided to stop52. ___ (have) a rest in the park.I suddenly felt sorry. I knew this man had taken all that he could get, so I came up to him and 54. ____(offer) him some fruit…Then he went away, 56. (sing) a song. Just then,I… Everyone in the world needs help ,everyone can offer help and everyone 58. ____ by showing kindness.
2019年中考
★单项选择
3.—Are you feeling any better now
—No. I have taken some medicine, but it just doesn’t __C__.
A. use B. care C. help D. fit
8. The traveler __B___ his map to make sure he was not lost.
A. looked after B. looked up C. looked for D. looked down
9. —Didn’t you hear Dad call you
—No, I didn’t. I __D____ with Jack on the phone.
A. am talking B. would talk C. have talked D. was talking
★完形填空：
...I 15 it at the office. Why？
15. A. forgot B. hid C. kept D. left
...I thought you might like to 17 with them. You didn’t lose the bag, did you, Daddy？”
17. A. play B. joke C. talk D. deal
...“Oh, no. I just forgot to bring it home.” he 18 .
18. A. lied B. promised C. nodded D. agreed
...Love in a paper bag, and he 20 it.
20. A. cleaned B. missed C. threw D. dropped
...It 23 a long time to tell.
23. A. spent B. paid C. cost D. took
单词拼写
41. Please____ (归还) my dictionary as soon as possible.
44. I don’t think money will_____ (解决) all my problems.
45. The restaurant offers different kinds of seafood, which______ (品尝) good.
★ 阅读填空
However, Anna refused 53._____ (live) with her sister, saying that she would like to take care of herself.
She managed to enter college and 54.______ (study) very hard.
Instead of 56._______(feel) sad every day, she decided not to let it hold her back.
2020年中考
一、单选
17. It’s good for us to ________ a good habit of reading.
A. develop B. choose C. accept D. pick
18. Children ________ be told not to swim alone in the river.
A. can B. may C. must D. might
24. The 32nd Olympic Games have been ________ to 2021 because of the outbreak of COVID-19.
A. put away B. put out C. put off D. put up
三、完形填空中的动词考查
Clearly, there was something wrong with the car. Tony _28_ to help.... “I was just helping out，”Tony _30_. “I have to rush for an interview now，” he added....... One by one, the applicants left the interviewer's office with _33_ looks on their faces. Finally his name was called.
The _34__ was sitting on a big chair with his back towards Tony.“Do you really need to be interviewed？” he asked. Tony's heart sank (下沉). “With the way I _35__now, how could I possibly __36__ this interview？” he thought to himself.
Then the interviewer __37__ his chair. To Tony's surprise, it was the man he helped earlier in the morning!
I just know you'd be a good worker I can __40__. Congratulations！”
28. A. provided B. offered C. asked D. promised
30. A. refused B. accepted C. agreed D. avoided
33. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. worried D. pleased
34. A. clerk B. customer C. applicant D. interviewer
35. A. talk B. stand C. look D. wait
36. A. fail B. pass C. lose D. win
37. A. knocked B. broke C. shook D. turned
40. A. trust B. depend C. meet D. praise
五、单词拼写
66. Whoever breaks the law will be ________ (惩罚).
68. There is a train in now. If you run, you’ll just ________ (赶上) it.
69. Our head teacher always ________ (鼓励) us to solve problems by ourselves.
punished; catch; encourage
六、语法填空
Yesterday, as I was coming near the front door of our public library, a white-haired gentleman stepped back 71 (hold) the door for me.
On 74 (hear) that, I stepped back, let the door close and 75 (allow) him to reopen the door, not using the automatic control this time. 答案：to hold ; hearing; allowed
2021年日照中考
一、完形填空
Some kids behind me ___5___ , and I went home crying. “Now, ___7___ up with your right hand,” she advised. Day after day we practiced and she praised me for every rung I ___9___ . One night, after a dance at my new junior high, I _____12_____ myself into the bed, crying.
5. A. smiled B. nodded C. cheered D. Laughed
7. A. pull B. push C. raise D. Jump
9. A. made B. touched C. reached D. put
12. A. relaxed B. threw C. lay D. set
二、阅读理解及题干中动词及动词词组
A篇 bcome,offer, stay,tell, spend, want tolearn
B篇 help,rush, had to,talk about,brought, start doing,look for, doing,make,made,decide to do,stole,shouted,stood up, cheering,
be supported, be chosen, said sorry to...
C篇 experienced, be able to,It took ...to do, need, provide,providing
take off,(land) search for ,It is said that...,serve as...,send,
weights,entered, deal with,start doing,
D 篇 stated to do, spen time doing,advise, share, try to do,need to be done,harm sb,make it clear,make sb open...
三、词汇运用
33. My parents are s________ with my progress in my lessons.
34. Nowadays many farmers can a________ to buy a house in the city.
37. The thief was ________(抓获)stealing in the supermarket.
38. The boy ________(承诺)he wouldn't be late for school any more.
2022年中考
一、完形填空中的动词考查
I always chose a ___1___ in the back of the room, and never put up my hand in class. In my last year in high school, we were ___2___ that a new English teacher, Oliver Bascom, was going to ___3___ us....
after we opened the door, there in front of the blackboard, we __6___ a young and handsome man....And I managed to ___8___ a front and center desk. I really wanted to make a good impression (印象) on my new teacher,..Three days later, he arrived in class holding the papers that he had ___11___.
2. A. warned B. told C. shown D. asked
3. A. help B. serve C. train D. teach
6. A. met B. saw C. noticed D. caught
8. A. get B. set C. use D. share
11. A. praised B. corrected C. studied D. written
二、 阅读理解 中 动词的应用和考查
A： make sb +adj.,be made of,how to make it, make trouble,try doing,find,find(found) out,offer,tell, receive(s)
B: get(got into,pay(paid) attention to, look up，run away，pull(ing), realized,start to do.sendsb away,send sb to do/+地点, turn over,,refuse to do,
C：catch， keep，imaginge doing,change,produce,make good use of,
turn... into,
D: go back.place one’s order(place用作动词，下订单），drive(driving驱使)，order food, have changed, keep doing( growing增长),offer,drop(dropped),prefer,slow(用作动词） down,
三、词汇运用
31. My friend gave me some a___ on how to keep a pet.（题干中keep的用法）
32. I must r__________ the books to the library before Friday.
34. My car has b_______ down. Will you please give me a ride
37. If you don’t do it now, you’ll only __________ (后悔) it.
四、语法填空
I ___42___ (drive) on the road when my car stopped. .. After knowing my problem, he said he could help me out. He took me to the nearest gas station. But then he left as he had something important ___49___ (do).
I couldn’t walk all the way back to my car. Therefore, I tried to hitch a ride and I was ____50____ (help) out once again. I was greatly moved.
Answers:
32.(r)eturn 34.(b)roken 37.regret
42. was driving 49. to do 50. helped
2023年中考
一、完形填空
In sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet（单簧管）. The first year had gone ___1___. But as most students progressed, I seemed to ___2___ behind. One day, when my teacher told us to perform in class, I was filled with ___3___. When I began to play, my rhythms（节奏）were good, but my tone（调）was another ___4___. “Didn’t you practice your lesson ” the teacher shouted at me. I felt so ___5___ and my world fell down at once.
From then on, I ___6___ playing the clarinet and I was getting worse. With the new performance coming near, I grew ___7___ upset. In a moment of panic（惊慌）, I asked for sick leave. It was such a(n) ___8___ way out and I was totally in relief.
I continued ___9___ my lessons until my mum asked me about it. “I want to give up,” said with tears in my eyes. “Why are you ____10____, if you really want to give up ” asked mum. She had a(n) ____11____ and I realized that I really wanted to stay in the band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to ____12____ out of. I knew it’s time to find my way out.
The next day I ____13____ with my other band teacher and told her about my problems. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, ____14____ only an unpleasant sound came out he handed me a new reed（簧片）. I put it in place and tried again. To my ____15____, I could play so well.
Hiding from those fears only digs a hole, making a person trapped（陷入困境）inside. After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and more enjoyable.
2. A. walk B. fall C. step D. move
6. A. loved B. kept C. hated D. started
9. A. avoiding B. taking C. choosing D. attending
10. A. shouting B. crying C. changing D. asking
12. A. push B. pull C. draw D. climb
13. A. argued B. played C. met D. worked
二、阅读理解
A篇：can+动词，be called被动语态，there be 结构，want to do , listen to
B篇：感官动词smell，start to do, continue doing, touch, be left被动语态, be ready for...
C篇：seem+adj, share ... with.., decide to do , tell sb to do sth, be asked to do, have passed现在完成时，give sth to sb, go on to do sth, be able to do sth, was fixing过去进行时
D篇：be used, encourage sb to do sth, make preparations for, can start by doing, free sb from doing sth, focus on, avoid, make efforts to do, have a positive impact on sth, make sth +adj, need to do sth .
词汇运用
34. Breakfast is s between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
35. Jack’s bike went wrong and he will r_____ it this afternoon.
37. You had better __（解释）it to our teacher, not to me.
四、语法填空
When I was 20 years old, I had a big dream in my mind. I wanted ____41___（travel）around Africa with my backpack.
After seven ____49 _ （month）of full backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realized having a student-like mind helped me learn a lot, which ____50___（satisfy）me more than any other trip that ever did to me.
2024年中考
Ted, a 13-year-old boy, recently entered a new school, so he had no ___1___ yet.
One morning when the bell rang for lunch, he found he had ___2___ his wallet at home. ..But as Ted was ___4___, he didn’t know much about him. He went over and asked if Mike could ___5___ him some money for lunch. Mike laughed, saying, “Are you begging (乞讨) ” The other students laughed, too, which made Ted ___6___. With his face in red, he made no answer and walked ___7___ back towards the empty bench.
When Ted ___8___ the bench, he noticed a wallet lying on the ground nearby. Picking it up, he found it was Mike’s. Inside was quite a lot of money for a kid. At first, Ted wanted to ___9___ it a secret, but then he changed his mind.
Seeing Ted coming back, Mike asked, “Still want the money ” “No,” replied Ted, “I came to return your wallet you have ___10___ over there.”
Mike stood ___11___ for a second. Then he asked, “Why are you giving it back ” “My mother is always telling me ‘honesty won’t let you down,’” explained Ted....
2. A. forgotten B. packed C. left D. put
5. A. borrow B. lend C. show D. hand
8 A. returned B. cleaned C. reached D. touched
9. A. save B. hide C. guard D. keep
10. A. fallen B. dropped C. lost D. thrown
2024阅读理解
A篇：set up; perform(ed),has been(现在完成），build(t),offer(s),choose,enjoy,
B篇：be considered(被认为)，be admired(被羡慕)，enter(ed),win(won),cheer...on,
require(d),hold(held),compete,be turned down(被拒绝)，due to,begin to feel,turned to(求助),agreed to,insisted, count on, succeed, practice, improve, achieve.
C篇：take the subway,notice,become,listen to,find,give(s),be asked to do,turn ut, recall,support(ed),show(ed),learn ...from,try to do,make no difference, need to stay,have to, organize(d),
D篇：spread,cause(ing),might influence,travel(传播意思)，add(ing) to,take in, in turn,affect,use.. to do,compare... to,incease(用作名词)，be caused,form(ing),make sth do,rise(ing用作形容词),worry，disturb，hunt(ing),avoid,happen.carry out,
2024词汇应用
31. Tina c________ the last bus and got home safe and sound.
34. When given something you don’t want to eat, just r________ politely.
39. Parents play an important role in ________ (准备) their children for school.
2024语法填空
Using AI to help others
“At first, I just wanted a tool to help with my studies. Then it ___41___ (draw) attention from more people,” Qiu Yumo, aged 13, told Teens. Qiu is from Huitong School in Shenzhen, Guangdong. She made AI Button. ...“My classmates and I want to have a learning friend ___43___ (help) us remember the key information. When we don’t know something, we can also ask for help at any time,” Qiu said about her idea.
Students only need to put what they ___44___ (study) into AI Button.
三、链接中考
（一）日照市
1. The coffee cup fell off the desk and b_____ into pieces. (日照2014）
2. People like ______ (分享) things through WeChat now.（日照2015）
3. Children should be e___ to make decisions by themselves.(日照2016）
4. Doing more exercise will _________(改善) your health. （日照2013）
5. It’s very helpful to _____ (讨论) your problems with your parents.(8上Unit 6,日照2016）
6. Don’t let homework ______ too much time. Children need to play.
A. give up B. take up C. look up D. put up（日照2016）
7.The student asked his teacher, “ Sir, the water was awful. Why did you seem_______(enjoy)it ”（8上 Unit 1,日照（2017阅读填空）
8.You should try______(deal) with problems first by yourself. （日照2015阅读填空）
9. Measures have been taken to stop factories from ___________ (污染) the environment.（8上Unit 7,日照2014）
10. We got up early and c____ the early train back.（日照2013）
11. The fisherman made a fire and _______(悬挂) his wet clothes up to dry.（8上Unit 9,日照2013）
12. I'm sure if you ask her for help, Alice won't ___________(拒绝).（8上Unit 9,日照2017）
13. You’ll have to hurry if you want to c______ that train. (8 上Unit9, 2018日照中考)
14. Bad news _____(传播) faster. (8 上Unit 10/9 Unit 2,2018日照中考)
15.If these students are criticized strictly by teachers, they_______ (feel) upset and begin to doubt their own abilities.（8上Unit 10,日照2015阅读填空）
16. I don’t think money will _____(解决) all my problems. （8上Unit 10,日照2019单词拼写）
17. However, Anna refused 53 (live) with her sister, saying that she would like to take care of herself. （8上Unit 9,日照2019阅读填空）
18. Instead of 56 (feel) sad every day, she decided not to let it hold her back. （8上Unit 10,日照2019阅读填空）
（日照2021）
34. Nowadays many farmers can a________ to buy a house in the city.
337. The thief was ________(抓获)stealing in the supermarket.
38. The boy ________(承诺)he wouldn't be late for school any more.
（日照2022）
32. I must r__________ the books to the library before Friday.
34. My car has b_______ down. Will you please give me a ride
37. If you don’t do it now, you’ll only __________ (后悔) it.
（日照2023）
34. Breakfast is s_____ between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
35. Jack’s bike went wrong and he will r_____ it this afternoon.
37. You had better ________ (解释）it to our teacher, not to me.
(日照2024)
31. Tina c________ the last bus and got home safe and sound.
34. When given something you don’t want to eat, just r________ politely.
39. Parents play an important role in ________ (准备) their children for school.
（二）其他地市
1.（临沂2022） A primary school in England has _________signs at its three entrances(入口),saying: Greet your child with a smile , not a mobile.
A. put into B. put off C. put on D. put up
2.（青岛2021）You can _____ the word in the dictionary of you don’t know it.
A. give away B. cut off C. take after D. look up
3.（潍坊2021）The photos that won the first prize in the competition will be ___ on the website.
A. put away B. put off C. put up D. put on
4.(东营2023) –I’ve tried hard at my schoolwork but still .
A. failed B. worried C. improved D. succeeded
5.(2021滨州) You’ll be (惩罚) if you break the traffic rules.
6.(2022 烟台) Eating too much salt ___ (增加) the risk of high blood pressure.
7.(2020. 东营) ----Jack, the Maldives may ______ because of the rising sea levels.
----God! Let’s do something to stop that happening.
A.rise B. move C. grow D. disappear
8.(2022-临沂）We have to ____ the school trip becsuse of the bad weather.
A.get off B. put off C. turn off D. shut off
9. （2023-青岛）Please remember to _______ the electricity and water before you leave the laboratory.
A．take off B．shut off C．go off D．put off
10.(2021)-青岛Teachers expect all their students __ progress day by day.
A．to make B．make C．to take D．take
11. (2023--菏泽）—Look! This restaurant is always crowded.
—The food here _____ be very delicious. Let’s go and have a taste.
A. need B. can’t C. must D. will
12.(2024--菏泽）If buildings fall down with people inside, the snake robots can help ______ people under the buildings.
A. take up B. look for C. cut up D. look out
13.(2024--济宁）I used to ______(收集) stamps, but now I like drawing.
14．(2024·深圳)The baby pandas often (weight) about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos at birth.
15．(2024·江苏)China (succeed) in sending three taikonaunts to Tiangong space station on May 30, 2023.
16. (2024·黄冈)ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, was (develop) by OpenAI and met the public in November, 2022.
17. (2024·北京)A lot of birds (protect) in nature parks every year.
2024动词及动词短语预测题
完形填空
This is Tammela School, a primary school in Finland. Now the students are 1 a math class with their robot teacher.
The “teacher” is a small, blue machine about 25 cm high, Reuters 2 . Whenever students have problems, it helps them very patiently and never 3 bored.
“The robot can 4 students more active in class than usual. I see Elias as one of the tools to get different kinds of practice and activities into the classroom，” a teacher told Reuters.
So far, the school has 5 four robot teachers, one of whom is a language teacher that can speak 23 languages and dance to music. “It is necessary to 6 new ways to make use of technology in school life，” the head teacher of the school 7 in the interview. “The robot teachers are used to help 8 learning. This doesn't mean that human teachers will 9 their jobs in the future. The robots can 10 well, but they are not able to keep class in order. The school still needs human teachers.”
1．A.eating B．having C．running D．drawing
2．A.watched B．explained C．dreamed D．reported
3．A.gets B．tastes C．smells D．remains
4．A.encourage B．expect C．make D．invite
5．A.introduced B．told C．seen D．realised
6．A.come on B．come up with C．come across D．come down
7．A.refused B．promised C．included D．added
8．A.improve B．increase C．suffer D．change
9．A.find B．win C．lose D．enjoy
10．A.sing B．teach C．speak D．learn
语法填空
I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he 1(ask) why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old. “I 2(try) to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling(溢出) the milk all over the floor—a sea of milk! I was frightened and I didn’t know what to do！” he said.
His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen. “I 3(consider) how to explain all this to you, mom，” he said. Instead of 4(punish) him, she said，“Robert, what a great mess you have made! I 5(not see) such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has already been spilled, would you like 6(play) in the milk for a while We 7(clean) it up after that.” Then, he did so. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you 8(make) a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up.” He used a sponge(海绵) and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.
His mother then said, “You know, we 9(fail) in how to successfully carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you 10(discover) a way to carry it.” Then the little boy learned that if he grasped(抓紧) the bottle at the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.
What a wonderful lesson!
2025动词及动词短语预测题（果庄中学）
一、完形填空。
Looking back, Lily realized that one act of kindness could make a big difference. The dog she saved not only found its home but also hearts together in unexpected ways.
broke B．closed C．hurt D．Brought
For example, we usually don’t start eating unless the eldest person at the table has taken the first bite (第一口). And we also use specific (特定的) phrases to show thanks for the person who _ the meal.
A．followed B．prepared C．protected D．produced
3. “You’re going to be great!” Anna suddenly heard. She surprisingly saw Helen walking towards her. Anna stood with her mouth open. “I really didn’t think you were going to . I’m sorry. You were just trying to help me, but I didn’t want to listen to what you tried to say.”
A．give up B．show up C．look up D．wake up
4. I called to see what was going on. My little boy Bill quickly answered. “Don’t , Mum!” he shouted as he came running to my bedroom door. “I’m making something special for you this Mother’s Day. I’m making a nice breakfast, and I want to serve you in bed.”
A．give up B．set up C．get up D．hurry up
5. I silently sat beside her and looked at her. “Mum, may I ask you a question ” I said.“What ” she , still doing her work. “Is there love between you and Dad ” I asked her in a very low voice. My mother stopped her work and looked at me in silence.
A．reminded B．refused C．repeated D．replied
6. In 2005, I an organization for young adults with physical disabilities so they could do sports again. I believe we can do anything and we can be anything as long as we can face ourselves bravely in our life.
A．took up B．made up C．set up D．turned up
7. I was also impressed by something that happened during a voluntary activity I this year. I was working on the riverbank. With friends, my job was to pick up rubbish and test the water quality.
A．took part in B．joined C．attended D．took part
8. Through the photos and videos, Xu wishes more people to coral and have knowledge about coral so that they can learn how to protect coral. “Understanding coral is the first step to protect it,” he says.
A．take control of B．look forward to C．take pride in D．pay attention to
9. Rick, a school boy,had a love for playing video games. Every day, his parents ___①___ him to take some exercise instead of playing video games. However, he didn’t always __②__.
1. A. invited B. reminded C. chose D. caught
2. A. report B. guess C. listen D. search
10. ... “The spider is dangerous. Let me give it away.”
“Wait, Mom!” Pedro said. “I want to ______ which kind of spider it is first.”
think of B. find out C. leave for D. take away
二、动词应用
1. Their laughter and cries made him feel like he had become a young man again. He promised __ (give) each of them a dollar if they would play there every day.
2. The boys felt so sad that they refused his request. Was it worth (play) so hard if they didn’t get much in return
3. In addition, some sellers considered (ask) famous people for help. Strategies of the Warring States (《战国策》) mentions the story of a horse seller.
4. He went to Bo Le, a famous local horse expert, and said to him politely, “Could you visit my stall (摊位) and look at my horses I’ll pay you it.” Bo Le agreed.
5. Muniba’s life changed a lot when a terrible car accident happened her. At the young age of 21, she had to spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair.
6. They were encouraged (embrace) the challenges, accept themselves as they are and go for their dreams.
7. Wu’s grandparents took care him when he was a little boy, but they couldn’t see each other often after he started school.
8. Teachers play important role in education. They not only teach knowledge but also help students develop their skills.
9. After graduation, many students will face the challenge of finding a job. Some may choose to start their own business, while others may continue their education (get) more qualifications (学历).
三、语法填空
This is Tammela School, a primary school in Finland. Now the students are1._____(learn)a math class with their robot teacher.
The "teacher" is a small, blue machine about 25cm high, the newspaper 2.______(report).Whenever students have problems, it helps them very patiently and never3______(get) bored."The robot can 4.____ (make) students more active in class than usual. I see Elias as one of the tools to get different kinds of practice and activities into the classroom," a teacher told the reporter.
So far, the school has 5.______(introduce)four robot teachers, one of whom is a language teacher that can speak 23 languages and dance to music. " It is necessary 6.______(encourage) kids to come up with new ways to make use of technology in school life," the head teacher of the school 7.______(add) in the interview. "The robot teachers 8.____ (use) to help improve learning.
This doesn't mean that human teachers will 9.____(lost) their jobs in the future. The robots can10.____(teacher)well, but they are not able to keep the class in order. The school still needs human teachers.
四、完形填空（15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, a young man was traveling on a train. As the train was moving 1 a wild land, the passengers looked out of the windows quietly. When the train reached a bend (弯道), it 2 and a simple house came into view. It was so easy to notice that everybody on the train turned to “enjoy” with eyes wide open. Some passengers even began a 3 about it. The young man was also 4 by the scenery. On his return he 5 the train at the nearest station and found his way to the house. Its owner said that he was troubled by the 6 of the train. He wanted to sell the house, but 7 would buy it.
The young man decided to buy it for $30,000. He thought it was a good place for 8 because it was facing the railway bend. When the train moved slowly past, the 9 passengers would be very interested in the house.
He tried to 10 some big companies and told them that could be used for advertisement. At last the Coca - Cola Company took it to put up their 11. To everyone's surprise, the young man was 12 $180,000 for a three - year rent.
This is a true story. It tells us that discovery is very important to 13. Many people have got new ideas from it. Everyone will meet with 14 opportunities in their lives. The key is to keep your eyes open to find them. When you catch an opportunity, you should do all you can to 15 it.
（ ）1.A. over B. around C. through D. across
（ ）2.A. dropped off B. slowed down C. turned down D. put down
（ ）3.A. discussion B. meeting C. subject D. competition
（ ）4.A. attacked B. frightened C. trapped D. attracted
（ ）5.A. got on B. looked for C. got off D. waited for
（ ）6.A. track B. conductor C. passenger D. noise
（ ）7.A. nobody B. someone C. anyone D. everyone
（ ）8.A. information B. relaxing C. traveling D. advertisement
（ ）9.A. excited B. tired C. surprised D. worried
（ ）10.A. work for B. join in C. connect with D. look up
（ ）11.A. messages B. companies C. notices D. signs
（ ）12.A. shown B. allowed C. offered D. returned
（ ）13.A. success B. confidence C. activity D. invention
（ ）14.A. different B. unexpected C. relaxing D. believable
（ ）15.A. develop B. realize C. represent D. hold
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