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(共35张PPT)
Past participles
(过去分词）
过去分词的用法有哪些？
1.He is a retired officer.
他是个退役军官。
2.I felt exhausted this morning.
我今天早晨觉得筋疲力竭。
3.I heard the song sung in English.
我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。
4.Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.
老师很满意他的所做所为，所以在班上表扬了他。
定语
表语
宾补
状语
1.过去分词是非谓语动词的一种，不能单独在句中做谓语，可以做：表语、状语、宾补、定语等
2.在语态上，过去分词表示____________。在时间上，过去分词一般表示____________的动作。
过去分词的用法有哪些？
被动
已经完成
Past Participle
as
the Attribute
过去分词作定语
01
过去分词作定语
1.一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在被修饰词之前。
2.有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。
3.过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后；其作用相当于一个定语从句。
a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
a well-organised trip组织有序的旅行
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起的太阳
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；
不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成，不表示被动（vi.无被动语态）
The West Lake is a well-known tourist attraction.
He is one of those invited.
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
相当于一个adj.
名师点津: 现在分词-ing和不定式to do的被动语态
built
being built
The building (build)last year is our classroom building.
The building (build) now is our classroom building.
The building (build)next month is our classroom building.
　　意义 形式　　　 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 将来
to be built
____________________ (use, 许多用过的电脑) will be sold in this market.
Those are ________________________ (leave, 他留下的问题).
There was _______________ (excite, 兴奋的表情) on his face when the actress appeared.
This is _________________________________ (discuss, 会上讨论的问题) yesterday.
____________________ (name, 叫Kate的女孩) is my student.
_____________________(make, 中国制造的东西) are cheap.
I have collected the money ________ (need).
Many used computers
the problems left by him
an excited look
the problem discussed at the meeting
The girl named Kate
Things made in China
needed
needed(所需的), left(剩余的), given(所给的)作定语时需要后置
单句语法填空
①(2024·浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs _________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the ___________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace.
③I like eating ______ (fry) tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook.
④Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity _________ (consume) in the US.
⑤She threw me a quick and ___________ (frighten) glance at the scary animal.
⑥The question _____________ (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting is of great importance.
designed
recognized
fried
consumed
frightened
to be discussed
过去分词作表语
The Past Participle as
the Predicative
02
1. She was annoyed at what you said.
2. He felt tired after staying up late.
3. I become bored with such kind of comfortable life.
请观察下列句子，你会发现什么？
过去分词可放在____________之后做____________，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。常见的系动词包括：一是两像三保持，五感五变永不忘。
系动词
表语
常见的系动词：
一是：be动词(am/is/are)
两像：seem/appear
三保持：remain/stay/keep
五感：look/sound/feel/taste/smell
五变：go/get/grow/turn/become
过去分词作表语
She looked disappointed.她看上去很失望。
We were encouraged at the news.听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
过去分词用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。
系表结构
The book is well written.这本书写得很好。
The book was written by a soldier. 这本书是一位士兵写的。
句 为“主系表结构”，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态；
句为“被动语态”, be动词为助动词与过去分词done强调主语所承受的动作(be/get/become done by)。
总结、过去分词作表语难点突破
1.与感觉有关的及物动词:
v-ing形式表主动，指物，即“令人有某种感觉的”；
v-ed形式表被动，指人(音容笑貌)，即“人被引起某种感觉的”
2.有的过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有delighted、 drunk、amused、 disappointed、 discouraged、 astonished、 hurt、 interested、 crowded、 tired、 satisfied、 pleased、 surprised、 worried、 excited、 married、 puzzled等。
系表结构
We were at the news.(surprise)
His words were ,which made many people .
(discourage)
surprised　
surprising　
discouraging
discouraged
单句语法填空
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became ___________ (interest) in alternative treatments 20 years ago.
②In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
③She said that our teacher was _________ (satisfy) with our performances.
④You must follow the directions exactly and if you become _________ (confuse), you must take the time to go back again and reread them.
⑤It feels quite _________ (relax) to take a bath after work.
interested
stuck
satisfied
confused
relaxing
Past Participle
as
the Object complement
过去分词作宾语补足语
03
What is the object complement
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：
某些及物动词（如make等）
+
直接宾语（名词或代词）
+
宾语补足语
Everyone calls him
(宾语)
(宾补)
(主语)
(谓语)
Tom.
宾语补足语一般放在宾语_________, 对宾语起____________的作用。
之后
补充说明
We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.
He found his new bike stolen.
过去分词作宾语补足语，表示______ 或______ 的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。
被动
完成
I was glad to see the child well _______(take) care of.
When he arrived, he found all the work ________(finish).
1.v-ed用在表示感觉或心理状态的动词之后，如see, hear, feel, watch, notice, think, find等后面作宾语补足语，表示感受到某人或某物被……。
finished
taken
能用过去分词作宾补的几类词：
Jack had his hair _______ yesterday.(cut)
I raised my voice to make myself _______. (hear)
2.v-ed用在表示使役的动词之后，如：get, let, make, have, keep等。
cut
heard
The father wants his daughter _________ (teach) dancing.
这位父亲想让他的女儿学习跳舞。
He wishes his writing ________ (read) by every classmate.
他希望他的文章能被每个同学读到。
taught
read
3.v-ed用在表示“希望”“愿望”等意义的动词，如want, wish, like, expect等后面作宾语补足语，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”
With the problem _______(settle), he felt quite happy.
With many flowers ________ (plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
settled
planted
4.用于“with/without + 复合结构”中
with
宾语
宾补
现在分词
过去分词
不定式
形容词
副词/介短
总结、过去分词作宾语补足语难点突破
1.过去分词作宾语补足语,与宾语一起构成复合宾语:说明宾语的状态或性质，它前面的宾语就是其逻辑主语，作宾语补足语的多是及物动词【表被动和完成】。
2.动+宾+宾补：
（1）make、 get、 have、 keep、leave等使役动词；
（2）see、 hear、 feel、 find、observe等表示感觉和心理状态的动词；
（3）(would) like、 want、 wish、 order、expect等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词。
3.“with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
4.过去分词作宾语补足语时，如果变为被动语态，那么过去分词在句中就作主语补足语。Almost no student is seen punished in this school.
　用所给动词的适当形式填空/完成句子
①But that’s how nature is — always leaving us 　astonished　 （astonish）.
②He tried to make himself 　understood（understand）by his students in class.
③He wanted his name 　included　 （include） in the list.
④Before driving into the city，you are required to 　get/have your car washed .
在驾车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。

⑤The boy 　had his leg broken　 while playing football.
这个男孩在踢足球时摔断了腿。（自己的经历）
He had his moneyincluded　（steal）.
他的钱被偷了。（被别人偷去了）

astonished　
understood
included　
get/have your car washed
had his leg broken　
stolen
have sth. done：
①动作由他人完成；
②动作由句中的主语所经历。
　　　　　　单句语法填空
①Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _____ (lose) for words.
②Claire had her luggage ________ (check) an hour before her plane left.
③Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _________ (remind) of his own dreams.
④With the homework _________ (finish), he was allowed to watch the football match.
⑤He tried to make himself ___________ (understand) by his students in class.
lost
checked
reminded
finished
understood
过去分词作状语
04
修饰动词、形容词、副词的句子成分叫作状语。状语在语法上并不是必不可少的，但在意义上却很重要，因为它说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、方式、伴随、方向、程度，对句子做更细致的描述。
什么是状语
过去分词作状语时, 与主语之间存在着动宾关系。过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等情况。
, the city looks like a big garden.
When the city is seen from the top of the hill
1. 过去分词短语作时间状语
时间状语从句
过去分词短语做时间状语
=
When seen from the top of the hill
the city looks like a big garden.
1. 过去分词短语能够做___________, 相当于一个______________。
2. 过去分词短语的逻辑主语必须跟___________的主语保持一致。
3. 并且有时可与连词while, when,until等连用， 使其时间意义更明确。
时间状语
时间状语从句
主句
1. 过去分词短语能够做___________, 相当于一个_____________。
2. 过去分词短语的逻辑主语必须跟___________的主语保持一致。
3. 并且有时可与连词because, as, since等连用, 使其原因意义更明确。
原因状语
原因状语从句
主句
2. 过去分词短语作原因状语
由于被夜里的响声吓坏了，小姑娘不敢在她的房间睡觉。
the little girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room.
= , the little girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room.
Because the little girl was frightened by the noise in the night，
原因状语从句
Frightened by the noise in the night
过去分词短语做原因状语
3. 过去分词短语作条件状语
如果再给他一个机会，他会做得更好。
, he will do it better.
= , he will do it better.
If he is given another chance
Given another chance
4. 过去分词短语作让步状语
尽管她受到了父母的鼓励, 但她依然没有信心。
, she still had no confidence.
= , she still had no confidence.
Although she was encouraged by her parents
Encouraged by her parents
5. 过去分词短语作方式、伴随状语
The girl left, and she was followed by a little dog.
= Followed by a little dog, the girl left.
2._______from the hill, the city looks like a big garden.
如果主句的主语和分词是主动关系, 用______________________，
主句的主语和分词是被动关系，用________________________。
现在分词
重难点辨析：
分词短语的逻辑主语必须跟___________的主语保持一致。
1._______ from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden.
Seen
Seeing
过去分词
主句
总结、过去分词短语作状语难点突破
过去分词(短语)作状语，进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以跟状语从句转换，
表示时间，可转换为when、 while或after等引导的时间状语从句。
表示原因，可转换为as、 since或because等引导的原因状语从句。
表示条件，可转换为if、 once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
表示让步，可转换为although、 though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。
表示方式或伴随情况，一般可转换为并列结构。
名师点津
有些过去分词因为来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。常见的有：
lost （迷路）、 seated （坐）、 hidden （躲）、 stationed （驻扎）、 lost/absorbed in （沉溺于）、 born （出生）、 dressed in （穿着）、 tired of （厌烦）。
_______________________________， he didn’t hear the sound.
沉溺于思考之中，他没听到那个声音。
______________________， he hates to leave it.
出生在这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought
Born in this beautiful town
　　　　　单句语法填空
①_________ (absorb) in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
②_______ (catch) in a heavy traffic jam, the taxi driver began to chat with his passenger to kill time.
③When _____ (leave) alone, the baby soon began to feel bored.
④First ___________ (celebrate) in 1970, Earth Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions.
⑤The old man walked into the room, __________ (support) by his son.
Absorbed
Caught
left
celebrated
supported
复习过去分词
维度一：语法与语篇 用所给词的适当形式完成下面短文。
1. 　Knowing　 （know） that you are coming to my hometown for a visit， I am extremely 2. 　excited　 （excite） for I have been looking forward to 3. 　seeing　 （see） you for a long time. Let me introduce my city to you.
Knowing　
excited　
seeing　
4. 　Located　 （locate） in the southwest of Shandong Province， Qufu is a city with a pleasant climate. With small hills 5. 　surrounding　 （surround） it，the city has beautiful scenery. However， it is its culture that 6. 　attracts　 （attract） tourists from home and abroad. There are many historical sites in Qufu， but the Confucius Temple and the Confucius Family Mansion are the most 7. 　visited　 （visit） tourist attractions. Once you step into the Confucius Temple，you will find yourself 8. 　surrounded　 （surround） by ancient houses 9. 　dating　 （date） back hundreds of years. Most of the visitors will find themselves 10. 　fascinated　 （fascinate） by the traditional Chinese culture.
Located　
surrounding　
attracts　
visited　
surrounded　
dating　
fascinated　
dating　
fascinated　
维度二：语法与写作
1.随着假期临近，我的同学们变得越来越兴奋。（with复合结构）
　With the holiday approaching，my classmates ar excited.　
2.因为担心即将到来的考试，有些同学学习到深夜。（过去分词短语作状语）
　Worried about the coming exam，some students study until midnight.　
　With the holiday approaching，my classmates are becoming more and more excited.　
Worried about the coming exam，some students study until midnight.　
3.我的同桌不想浪费时间，所以他经常让人把饭带到教室里来。（过去分词作宾语补足语）
　My deskmate doesn’t want to waste time， so he often has meals brought to the classroom.　
4.他经常做一些从网上下载的练习题。（过去分词短语作定语）
　He often does some exercises downloaded from the Internet.　
5.决心向他学习，我也开始在教室吃饭。但是我因为在英语课上吃东西被惩罚了。（过去分词短语作状语）
　Determined to learn from him， I also began to eat in the classroom， but I got/was punished for eating in the English class.　
　My deskmate doesn’t want to waste time， so he often has meals brought to the classroom.　
He often does some exercises downloaded from the Internet.　
　Determined to learn from him， I also began to eat in the classroom， but I got/was punished for eating in the English class.　

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