资源简介

(共21张PPT)
Unit 4
SPACE EXPLORATION
Reading for Writing
Learning aims
1.To learn whether it is worthwhile to explore space;
2.To learn how to show your opinions;
3.To cultivate your dialectical（辩证的） thinking.
浪费时间做某事
找到解决问题的方法
致命的疾病
导致
环绕地球
为世界提供…
对...产生影响
被传送到...
努力做某事
最后
满足要求
未解之谜
用完
waste time doing sth
find solutions to problems
fatal diseases
result in
orbit Earth
provide the world with
make a difference to
be transmitted to
in one's efforts to do sth.
in closing
meet the requirements
unsolved mysteries
run out
Lead-in
Look at the title and predict:
What kind of text is it
An argumentative essay.
Argument essays seek to state a position on an issue and give several reasons, supported by evidence, for agreeing with that position.
Lead-in
Free talk: what’s your opinion
Yes
No
Why do human explore the space
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Exploring space can help us a lot...
We should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal disease.
养活穷人
绝症
Read for opinions
What’s the author’s point of view on this issue
The author doesn’t think exploring space is a waste of time and money.
Underline the sentence that states the author’s opinion in Paragraph 1.
a view without serious thought
肤浅的观点、没有深思熟虑的观点
Read for structure
How does author prove his/her argument
Divide the whole passage into several parts.
part 1(para1)
Introduction
part 2 (para 2-4) Body
part 3 (para 5) Conclusion
However, The earth is still facing….
poverty
hunger
pollution
disease
Is Exploring Space
a Waste of Time and Money
Lead in
1 .What genre is this article
2.What is the issue
It’s an argumentative essay.
Is exploring space a waste or not
Tip 1:Topic sentence is usually the first or the last sentence.
3.Pick out the topic sentence of each paragraph.
Read the argumentative essay about space exploration and answer the questions.
Part 1-Introduction:
The background and different opinions
Statement
Part 2-Body:
Arguments and supporting evidence
Arguments
Part 3-Conclusion:
Restatement of the writer’s opinion
Conclusion
Para1
Para2
Para3
Para4
Para5
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Different opinions
Different arguments（论据）
Read for structure
Repeat the opinion
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.
Some people argue that we should stop.... However, others feel this is a shallow view...
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.
Pick out the topic sentence of each para.
Read for structure
What’s the content of the rest part of each paragraph
topic sentence
It’s the evidence证据 that supports the arguments.
Read for structure and features
part 2-para2 Body
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.It has directly resuted in the mamy satelites that now orbit Earth. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth. After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science (太空科学) has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
Argument 1
How does it work to fight against world hunger
Result
Facts
Read for structure and features
How does it help fight against world hunger
satellites orbit Earth
record data on land and weather pattern
transmit data to Earth
analyse data
provide recommendation and advice
卫星环绕地球
记录土地和天气模式的数据
传送数据回地球
（专家）分析数据
（专家）提供建议
Read for structure and features
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use. Today,space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products such as GPS, memory foam pillows,and smartphone cameras are changing our lives.
Argument 2
Simpler words
Examples
technological improvements
high-end products
2. Find the three topic sentences that summarise the writer’s arguments about space exploration.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them.
Body
Tip 2: To make our article more logical, we should use some linking words.
A. By giving examples
B. By comparison
C. By using data
How does the author make his arguments more convincing？
Read for features (Para.3)
such as; for example/instance; take ... for example;
How to link different arguments
By using linking words.
(In the first place; first of all; to begin with; firstly…)
Tip 4: Repeating the statement can echo author’s opinion.
3. Underline the sentence that repeats the writer’s opinion in the last paragraph.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
Conclusion
Read for features (Para.5)
How to rephrase your opinion
表示总结：
in short; in brief; in conclusion; in a/one word; to sum up; all in all; on the whole; in general
增强语气：
There’s no doubt that…
There’s no denying that…
双重否定: Never/By no means can/should we do…
Task 3: Are these arguments for or against exploring space Put them in the table below.
A. There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space to explore
B. It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
C. I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.
D. Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.
For space exploration
Against space exploration
B D
A C
Discussion
The steps of writing an argument
1. Put forward the topic
2.Take a position.
3. Gather evidence
4.Present arguments logically
5. Make a conclusion
Review for structure

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