资源简介

(共41张PPT)
On the move
Transportation is the center of the world! It is the glue of our daily lives. When it goes well, we don’t see it. When it goes wrong, it negatively colors our day ...
—Robin Chase
BY G.Z
B8U3
Means of transport
car
bicycle
bus
airplane
ship
bullet train
metro/subway
motorcycle
Welcome
What energy is used to power the different means of transport in the pictures
Human power
Steam
Electricity
B8U3 Reading
Self-driving cars—destination known
BY G.Z
Introduction
Main body
Conclusion
Passage structure
Challenge 1
Challenge 2
Challenge 3
Introduction
Para. 1: A scene of the future of self-driving cars
Conclusion
Main Body
Para. 6:
Para. 2:
Paras. 3–5: Challenges
self-driving cars face
How self-driving cars work
Technological barriers
Ethical concerns
Legal problems
The future of self-driving cars
Global Understanding
START
THE END
A scene of the future of self-driving cars
The reason why Mr Zhang is mentioned in the first Para is to ________
A. show he is a driver
B. introduce to the topic
C. show the car is technologically advanced
D. indicate family is important to him
START
THE END
How self-driving cars work
see
behave
__________ and _________ capture a variety of data from the external environment.
________________
analyses the data and put it together.
The AI system identifies __________ from data and learns from it.
_________________
is created.
The necessary ______________________ are activated by the AI system.
The AI system
patterns
An action plan
mechanical controls
Cameras
sensors
Technological barriers
Ethical concerns
Legal problems
2. Who should be held responsible when self-driving cars are involved in accidents
3. Should those in the self-driving car always be protected first even if it means endangering the lives of pedestrians
5 Should the self-driving car hit a single pedestrian to avoid crashing into a group of pedestrians
4. Can the perception system of a self-driving car recognize everything on the road
1. Would the self-driving car make a different decision if the pedestrian were a child or a senior citizen
What can we learn from Para3 to Para.5
A. The database can exclude any possible object in every condition ahead of time.
B. The moral problem about how to ethically program self-driving is not solved.
C. The standards between manufacturing and programming are similar to each other.
D. The quality and safety of the technology is widely recognized.
Self-driving cars—destination known
L20 Road traffic in the real world is so complicated that unfamiliar or unexpected conditions may occur at any time, and it is unreasonable for the database to include every possible object in every possible condition ahead of time.
Trolley Problem
L39 In this emerging industry, manufacturing and programming standards are not yet uniform.
L39 Moreover, the quality and safety of the technology used in self-driving cars is still being challenged.
START
THE END
The future of self-driving cars
What are the two possible future paths of self-driving cars
Without human control
With necessary human operation
The eventual destination is bound to be another milestone for humankind’s amazing vision and inventiveness.
B1 on page 33
revolution dilemma identify in line with
fuel perception be bound to be confronted with
Big data technology has started a (1)_____________ in transport systems, which impacts ways people get around. Devices such as traffic cameras and underground fare gates collet information about drivers' and passengers' behaviors, including driving habits in various weather conditions and route choices at different times of day. The data is then analyzed by algorithms and exchanged among devices and systems connected through the Internet of Things. Consequently, decisions can be made (2)______________ this mass of data.
revolution
in line with
B1 on page 33
revolution dilemma identify in line with
fuel perception be bound to be confronted with
The availability of big data prov ides considerable advantages for individuals who (3)_______________________ the task of planning their travels. They can compare travel information according to their needs like fare, time and walking distance before deciding on which option suits them best. Similarly, drivers can use apps to easily access real-time traffic and parking information, thus avoiding traffic jams and seeking out available parking spaces.
are confronted with
B1 on page 33
revolution dilemma identify in line with
fuel perception be bound to be confronted with
On the other hand, big data technology improves the management of public transport systems. Many countries face the (4)___________ between public transport coverage and ridership, as an expanded transport network would mean fewer passengers on a single vehicle. Now these countries can use information collected from GPS and passenger ticket data to (5)___________ patterns in passengers route choices and supply bus routes that meet their demands. Bus services are then tailored to offer shorter waiting times and faster routes. Enhancements like this present convenient options to passengers, changing public (6)_____________ of transport systems. Furthermore, they offer sustainable long-term solutions which (7)_______________ benefit a country's economy and environment.
dilemma
identify
perception
are bound to
B1 on page 33
revolution dilemma identify in line with
fuel perception be bound to be confronted with
However, the use of big data (8)_________________ public concern about the protection of personal information. For example, many apps require access to users' locations without them knowing how the data would actually be used. Therefore, measures must be taken to ensure users private information is kept secure.
has fueled/fuels
Expressions (word)
casually adv. 漫不经心地(P1)→_________ adj. 随便的;漫不经心的;非正式;不经意的 n. 便装;临时工
respond vt.& vi.回应;响应;作出反应→ ___________ n. 响应;回答,答复
ease n. 容易;舒适 v. 减轻,放松;缓缓移动;使容易;使离职→________ adj. 容易的,不费力的;舒适的,自如的;随和的;轻浮的;平缓的
entertainment n. 娱乐,娱乐表演;招待,款待→___________ v. 使有兴趣,使快乐;招待,请客→______________ adj. 使人愉快的,娱乐性的
revolution(P2) n. 革命→________ n. (对权威、规定、法律的)反抗;叛乱,造反 v. 叛乱,造反;反抗,拒绝服从(权威、规定或法律) →_________ v.旋转 环绕 转动
external adj. 外部的;外面的→___________ adv. 外部地;外形上,外表上→__________ adj. 内部的
casual
response
easy
entertain
entertaining
revolt
revolve
externally
internal
Expressions (word)
puzzle n. 拼图;谜,智力游戏;不解之谜,疑问 vt. 迷惑,使困惑→ __________ adj. 困惑的;迷惑不解的→___________ adj. 令人困惑的
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的→___________ vt. 围绕;环绕;(使)包围,围住 n. 周围→______________ n.周边环境
determine v. 决定;确定;下定决心;裁定→______________ adj. 下定决心的,坚定的→_________________ n. 决心;决定,裁定;确定
instruct vt. 指导;指示;通知;命令;吩咐;教授→_____________ n. 用法说明;操作指南;指示; 教导 adj. 说明用法的→_____________ adj. 富有教益的;增长知识的
mechanical adj.机械的;呆头呆脑的;无思想的→________________ adv. 机械地;呆板地→___________ n.机械工;劳力,工匠;方法,手段
accelerator n. (汽车等的)加速装置,油门;加速器→____________ v. (使)加速
puzzled
puzzling
surround
surroundings
determined
determination
instruction
instructive
mechanically
accelerate
mechanic
Expressions (word)
complicated adj. 复杂的;难懂的(P3)→ _____________ vt. (使)复杂化
occur vi.发生;出现;存在于→____________ adj.目前正在发生的;偶然发生的→______________ n. 发生;发生的事情;存在
unreasonable adj. 不合理的;过度的;不切实际的;非理智的→ ______________ adj. 有道理的,合情理的;(人)通情达理的,讲道理的;(价格)公道的;还算好的,尚可的→_________ n. 原因,理由;道理,情理;判断力,理智 v. 推理,逻辑思考; 推断出;对(某人)以理相劝
include vt. 包括;包含;使成为……的一部分→___________ n. (被)包括,包含;被包括的人(或事物)→___________ adj. 包含全部费用的;包容广阔的;范围广泛的→__________ vt. 把……排除在外→____________ adj. 独有的,专用的;n. 独家新闻,独家报道→ ___________ n. 排斥;被排除在外的人
complicate
occurrent
occurrence
reasonable
reason
inclusion
inclusive
exclude
exclusive
exclusion
Expressions (word)
recognize vt.认出;意识到;辨别出;赞赏→_____________ n. 认出;认识;识别;承认;认可;赞誉;赏识
tragic adj. 悲惨的;悲剧的→__________ n. 悲惨的事;惨案;悲剧;悲剧作品
assume v. 假定,认为;承担,就职;呈现,具有→______________ n. 假定,假设;取得,承担→____________ conj. 假定,假设
ensure vt. 确保;保证;担保→______ adj.肯定;确信;无疑 adv. 当然;的确
consideration n. 体谅;深思;斟酌(P4)→______________ adj. 考虑周到的;体贴的→_______________ adj. 相当大的,相当重要的
ethical adj. 道德的,伦理的;合乎道德的;有益于人类的,环保的→ ___________ adv. 合乎伦理地;伦理上;环保地→________ n. 行为准则,道德规范;信仰 adj. 道德规范(有关)的,伦理(有关)的→_________ n. 行为准则,道德原则; 伦理学,道德学
recognition
tragedy
assumption
assuming
sure
considerate
considerable
ethically
ethic
ethics
Expressions (word)
endanger vt. 危害;危及;使遭危险→__________ n. 危险;风险;危险因素→______________ adj. 濒危的
resolve v. 解决(问题或困难);决定,下定决心;表决;n. 决心,坚定的信念;决议→____________adj. 下定决心的,坚决的
responsible adj. 负责的;有责任(P5)→________________ n.责任;职责;义务→ _____________ adv. 认真负责地;明事理地→_______________ adj. 不负责任的
regulation n. 规章制度,规则;管理,控制→___________ vi. 调节;约束,管理→____________ n. (某行业的)监督者,监管机构;调节器,校准器
cautious adj. 小心的;谨慎的(P6)→__________ n. 小心;谨慎;警告
eventual adj. 最终的，结局的→______________ adv. 最终，结果→ ________ n. 事件，大事；社交场合，既定活动；赛事，比赛项目；<古>结果
danger
endangered
resolved
responsibility
responsibly
irresponsible
regulate
regulator
caution
eventually
event
Expressions (word)
vision n. 视力;视野;想象;幻象→___________ adj. 有远见卓识的→ _______ adj.视力的;视觉的 n．视觉资料→_________ adj. 看得见的;明显的,引人注目的
option n. 选项;选择;选择权;可选择的事物;选修课(p33)→___________ adj.可选择的;选修的
sustainable adj. 可持续的;不破坏生态平衡的→_________ vt. 维持(生命/生存);使保持→_______________ n.持续性→________________ adj. 不可持续的,无法维持的
location n. 地方;地点;位置→________ v. 定位;找出……的准确位置
secure adj. 安全的;可靠的 vt. 实现;保护;抵押→_________ n. 安全;担保;保护措施
visionary
visual
visible
optional
sustain
sustainability
unsustainable
locate
security
Expressions (phrase)
看一下，浏览(P1) ____________________
为接下来的旅程做好准备 ____________________
简而言之(P2) ____________________
种种；各种各样的…… ____________________
把…...放在一起；组合 ____________________
实时的；及时的；立即 ____________________
加速；使加速 ____________________
减速，放慢速度；使……慢下来 ____________________
符合；与……一致 ____________________
理论上(P3) ____________________
glance at
be ready for the journey ahead
put simply
a variety of
put together
in real time
speed up
slow down
in line with
in theory
Expressions (phrase)
实际上；事实上 ____________________
提前；提早 ____________________
未能做某事; 没做成某事 ____________________
在特定的情况下(P4) ____________________
闯入；撞到……上 ____________________
倾向于，很有可能(P5) ____________________
面对(某事物) ____________________
包括/被卷入……；涉及到…… ____________________
对……取得一致意见 ____________________
有过错,有责任 ____________________
in reality
ahead of time
fail to
in specific circumstances
crash into
be likely to
be confronted with
be involved in
agree upon
at fault
Expressions (phrase)
搞错;(计划等)不如意;(机器等)发生故障 ____________________
正在进行；在发展中 ____________________
试目以待 ____________________
……毫无疑问(P6) ____________________
必然；一定要 ____________________
另一方面(page33) ____________________
符合某人的要求 ____________________
采取措施做某事 ____________________
go wrong
in progress
remains to be seen
There can be little doubt that
be bound to
on the other hand
meet one’s demands
take measures to do
Expressions (sentence)
1.The car responds ______________(immediate)，easing __________ (smooth) into the busy traffic and avoiding ____________(obstacle) on the road.
结构分析：此句话为_____句。easing...和avoiding...为现在分词短语作________。
汉语翻译：__________________________________________________________________
汽车立即响应，平稳驶入繁忙的车流，避开路上的障碍。
immediately
smoothly
obstacles
简单
伴随状语
Expressions (sentence)
2.Once the data _______(send) to the AI system，the “brain” of the self-driving car，it is analyzed and put together like _____ puzzle so that the car can “see” its ______________(surrounding) and determine its position.
结构分析：此句话为__________句。Once引导__________从句，so that引导__________从句。
汉语翻译：__________________________________________________________________
数据一旦发送到人工智能系统，即自动驾驶汽车的“大脑”，立即被分析并像拼图一样被拼凑起来，于是汽车就能“看到”周围的环境并确定自身方位。
is sent
a
surroundings
主从复合
条件状语
结果状语
Expressions (sentence)
3.Since it is _______________(reasonable) for the database to include every possible object in every possible condition ahead _____ time，the system might not recognize everything on the road.(P31，Para.3)
结构分析：此句话为_________句。Since引导_________从句，it为__________，真正的主语是__________________________________________________________________。
汉语翻译：__________________________________________________________________
既然数据库将每种可能发生的情况下的每个可能存在的物体都预先包含是不合理的，系统就无法识别路上所有的东西。
unreasonable
of
主从复合
原因状语
形式主语
to include every possible object … ahead of time
Expressions (sentence)
4.Another aspect that needs careful ______________(consider) is the ethical responses self-driving cars would make _____ specific circumstances.
结构分析：此句话为_________句。that引导定语从句，self-driving cars would make...circumstances是省略了_____________的定语从句。
汉语翻译：__________________________________________________________________
另一个需要仔细斟酌的方面是自动驾驶汽车在特定情况下的伦理反应。
consideration
in
主从复合
that/which
Expressions (sentence)
5.Besides such ethical concerns，the legal situations the autonomous vehicle industry is likely to be confronted with have fueled ________(heat) debates.(P31，Para.5)
结构分析：此句话为__________句。the autonomous vehicle industry is likely to be confronted with为省略了_____________的_______从句。
汉语翻译：__________________________________________________________________
除了这些道德方面的担忧，自动驾驶汽车行业可能面临的法律处境已经引发了激烈的讨论。
heated
主从复合
that/which
定语
Expressions (sentence)
6.As advances in autonomous vehicle design and technology are _____ progress，the final agreement on laws _______ regulations governing this industry remains _____________(see).(P31，Para.5)
结构分析：此句话为__________句。as引导_______________，governing this industry为现在分词短语作_______。
汉语翻译：__________________________________________________________________
自动驾驶汽车的设计和技术正在不断进步，而管理该行业的法律法规的最终一致尚未确定。
in
and
to be seen
主从复合
时间状语从句
定语
Expressions (sentence)
7.Some argue that self-driving cars should be allowed to operate ________ human control，while others are more __________(caution) and believe that human operation，even if limited，is still necessary.(P31，Para.6)
结构分析：此句话为_________句。两个that均引导_________，while是_________，表示“_______”，even if limited为__________的省略。
汉语翻译：__________________________________________________________________
有些人主张让自动驾驶汽车在无人控制的情况下运行，而另一些人则更谨慎些，认为人工操控，即使是有限的，仍然是有必要的。
without
cautious
并列复合
宾语从句
并列连词
然而
状语从句
Expressions (sentence)
There can be little doubt that，despite all the challenges，self-driving cars will form a big part of our future.(P31，Para.6)
There can be little doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether... ……有些疑问。
There is no/little doubt that... ……是毫无疑问的。
I doubt whether/if.../I have some doubt whether... 我怀疑……
I don’t doubt that.../I have no doubt that... 我毫不怀疑……
Expressions (sentence)
(1)There is no doubt ______ only by taking effective preventive measures can we stop the disease from spreading quickly.
(2)There is some doubt __________ I can inspire him to overcome those obstacles to achieve his goal.
(3)毫无疑问，人类活动对地球的气候造成了影响。
_______________________________ human activities have had an impact on the Earth’s climate.
(4)我毫不怀疑我能胜任报纸上刊登的这个职位。
________________________________________ I am qualified for the position advertised in the newspaper.
that
whether
There is no/little doubt that
I don’t doubt/I have no doubt that
Expressions (sentence)
1.史蒂夫漫不经心地瞥了一眼站在他旁边的行人。(现在分词短语作定语)
Steve glanced causally at the pedestrians _______________________.
2.很可能是这个男人遇到了两难困境， 疑惑地皱着眉头。(it作形式主语)
__________________ the man was confronted with a dilemma，with a puzzled frown on his face.
3.转眼间，一位身着红衣的老太太走到他跟前和他说话。(定语从句)
In the blink of an eye，an old lady __________________________ approached him to talk with him.
4.毫无疑问，这位女士的见解使他摆脱了困境，振奋了他的精神。(doubt)
_________________________________ the lady’s perception got him out of trouble and lifted his spirits.
standing beside him
It was likely that
who was dressed in red
There was no/little doubt that
Instant Feedback
1. He was faced with the d_________ of whether or not to return to his country.
2. _______________(行人使用的) zones mean that children can play in relative safety.
3. The rise in train _______(车费) has aroused public concern.
4. She had to b_______ hard to avoid running into the car in front.
5. We want the machine __________________(大量生产) to meet our own requirement.
ilemma
Pedestrian
fares
rake
manufactured
Instant Feedback
6. The new ______________(规章制度) will put many small businesses out of business.
7. The government has taken a ____________(谨慎的) approach to the crisis.
8. Her death in the car accident was t__________ ; she was only 18.
9. ________________(加速器) are now used almost universally.
10. He thought Apple should keep complete control of its software and h_____________.
regulation
cautious
ragic
Accelerators
ardware
Instant Feedback
1. I ___________________(perception) a change in his behaviour over those months.
2. He looked ___________(puzzle) so I repeated the question.
3. We cannot just sit by and watch this ___________(tragic) happen.
4. The company has evolved into a major chemical __________________
(manufacture).
5. The speed of the machine may be _____________(regulation) to pace the packing operation.
have perceived
puzzled
tragedy
manufacturer
regulated
Instant Feedback
6. The girls were afraid of snakes and picked their way along with extreme _________(cautious).
7. Do you know anything about the _________________(revolution) movement
8. He tried to sound ________(casually), but I knew he was worried.
9. We need to _____________(accelerator) the pace of change in our backward country.
10. They stood there for an hour, ____________(watch) the game.
caution
revolutionary
casual
accelerate
watching
Instant Feedback
1. The new system will ________________________ great difficulties at the start.
2. I think the work can be completed __________________.
3. It’s management that’s ___________ rather than the work-force.
4. The new policy is _______________ the plans that were discussed last year.
5. Preparations for the meeting are _______________.
6. The train _________________ and then stopped at the station.
at fault; in line with; ahead of time; be confronted with; slow down; in progress
be confronted with
ahead of time
at fault
in line with
in progress
slowed down
Instant Feedback
1. 这个问题一定会在会议中被提出。
The question ________________ be raised at the meeting.
2. 他是否会接受你的建议还有待证实。
Whether he will accept your advice _______________________.
3. 从理论上讲，这些机器应能用十年以上。
_____________， these machines should last for ten years or more.
4. 我不确定你是否会参与开设新办公室的工作。
I’m not sure whether you will ____________________________ the new office.
5. 这两种颜色组合起来很漂亮。
These two colors look beautiful ________________________.
is bound to
remains to be seen
In theory
be involved in opening
when put together
STOP
THE END.

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