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仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
Words and Expressions
Unit 5
The Value of Money
basis n. 基础; 基准,原则
on the basis of sth根据某事
base...on/upon把……建立在…上
be based on 以…为基础;以……为根据
vt.以…为根据　n.基地;基础
adj.基本的
adv.大体上;基本上
base
basic
basically
The film,　　　　　　(base) on a true story in World War Ⅱ,is a great success.
When you select a flower arrangement,it is 　　　　(base) to select a structure.
__________ (basic), the article can be divided into 3 parts.
based　
basic
Basically
apologise vi.道歉；谢罪
accept/refuse one’s apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉
n.道歉;辩白
apologise to sb.for sth/(doing) sth.
make an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉
apology
Bill apologised to his friend _____ having kept her waiting for a long time.
I made an _______(apologise) to my host and left early.
The boy apologized ________ the old man for breaking the glass.
I’m writing to 　　　　　　(apology) to you for not being able to attend your birthday party tomorrow evening.
for
apology
to
跟踪训练
apologise　
ignore vt. 忽视；对……不予理会
be ignorant of/about...不知道；不了解；无知
out of ignorance 出于无知
adj.无知的;愚昧的
n. 无知;愚昧
ignorant
ignorance
用ignore的正确形式或介词填空
They fought a long battle against prejudice and __________.
He felt himself very____________.
Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head，but I tried ___________ the pain.
The two boys went into the mountain,　　　　　　(ignore) the danger they might face.
ignorance
ignorant
to ignore
跟踪训练
ignoring
judge n. 基础; 基准,原则
judging by/from 根据…判断
as far as I can judge 据我判断;
make a judgement on/about 就…做出评价
n. 判断；审判；判断力
judg(e)ment
1. The crowd around me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races, __________ (judge) by their happy faces.
2. I respect his _____________ (judge) and I’ll follow any advice he gives me.
3. He refused to make a judgement __________ the situation.
4.___________(judge) from his accent, he must be from the south.
judg(e)ment
judging
about / on
Judging
scene n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场; 现场; 场面;景色
on the scene 在现场；当场
servant n. 仆人,用人
_______ v.服务
________ n. 服务
serve
service
serve as 充当，担任(=act as);起作用
by chance=by accident偶然;碰巧
by design=on purpose故意地;蓄意地
1) Tom broke the vase（花瓶） _______ purpose.
2) She discovered a ring left in her bag _____ accident.
3) The couple first met each other ____ chance not _____ design.
by accident 偶然地;意外地
on
by
by
by
sail vi.&vt.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行；
sailor
______ n. 水手；海员；乘船者；
spot v. 看见;注意到;发现 n. 地点;处所;斑点;污迹
spotted-spotted; spotting
spot sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
on the spot 在现场（on the scene）;当场，当下
be spotted with 满是……斑点; 被……点缀
adj. 有斑点的；有污渍的
spotted
He (spot) his old friend in the crowd at once yesterday.
He spotted his friend ( talk) with someone in the distance.
He answered the question the spot.
Staring at the sky 　　　　　　(spot) with stars,Mary was deep in thought.
spotted
talking
on
跟踪训练
spotted
sort n.种类，类别 v.将……分类，整理
sort/kind of 有几分，有点儿，稍微
all sorts of…… 各种各样的(名词前)
sort out 整理，把……安排好，挑出，解决
mining
n. 采矿；采矿业
mine
pron. 我的
n. 矿，矿井；地雷
v. 开矿；埋雷于
miner
n. 矿工
mineral
n. 矿物质
undermine
v. 逐渐破坏
patience n. 耐心;忍耐力;毅力
patience
patient
patiently
adj. 耐心的
n. 病人
adv. 耐心地
= with patience
impatience
impatient
adj. 没有耐心的
have/lose patience with… 对…有/失去耐心
have little/no patience with... 对……几乎没有/没有耐心
be patient with 对……有耐心
be impatient with 对……不耐烦
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) Bob is a little slow in understanding, so I have to be patient _________ him.
2) Success partially depends on whether you have the _________ (patient) to do simple things perfectly.
3) She gave me a comforting smile, nodded while listening _________ (patient), and then printed out the ticket immediately.
4) We became _________ (patient) of the slow progress that was being made.
with
patience
patiently
impatient
跟踪训练
be about to do sth...即将或正要(做某事)
be about to do ...when... 正要做某事突然…(未做）
be doing sth...when... 正在做某事这时……
1. Just as he was about __________(leave), the two brothers stopped him and gave him a letter.
2.I was about to copy the homework ______ my English teacher showed up.
3. I was copying the homework ______ my English teacher showed up.
to leave
when
when
跟踪训练
indicate vt.&vi.表明；显示；vt.象征；暗示
n. 迹象，标示
indication
postpone vt.延迟;延期;延缓
postpone = put off/delay 延期，推迟
postpone doing sth. 延迟做某事
e.g. It was an unpopular decision to postpone
______________(build) the new hospital.
building
a sense of obligation 责任感，义务感
obligate sb. to do sth. [以法律/义务]强迫某人做某事
obligation n.义务;职责;责任
v. 迫使，强迫，帮忙，效劳
adj. 有义务的，有责任的
oblige
obligated
intention n.打算;计划; 意图; 目的
have intention to do sth./ have intention of doing sth.
有做...的意图
intend to do sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth. 计划让某人做某事
be intended for/to do ... 旨在......；专为...而设计的
v. 想要；打算；意欲
intend
巩固练习
①Robert went to London with the 　　　　　(intend) of finding a well-paid job to provide for his family.
②The new manger intends _________ (make) some changes.
③The book,intended 　　　　　children,is also very popular among adults.
④The visit,　　　　　　 (intend) to strengthen the relationship between the two countries,was a great success.
intention
for
intended
to make
in case 以防万一（接句子，表示条件或目的）
in case of+名词或动词-ing 万一，如果
in that case 既然那样
in no case决不
musical n.音乐剧 adj.音乐的
______________ n. 音乐
______________ n. 音乐家
musician
music
______________ n. 追求，寻找
pursuit
pursue [p sju ] vt.追求；致力于
hesitate v.犹豫; 迟疑; 顾虑
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
hesitate about/over/at. . . 对……感到犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
n. 犹豫; 疑虑;不情愿
adj 犹豫不决的
hesitation
hesitant
Please don’t hesitate (contact) me if you have any questions.
Once she decides to do something, she will do it without ________ (hesitate).
He gave me a (hesitate) smile and finally accepted the present (hesitate).
to contact
hesitation
hesitant
hesitantly
manner n.举止；方法；[pl.] 礼貌；礼仪
in a … manner 以一种……的方式;带着一副…的样子
table manners 餐桌礼仪
It is good/bad manners to do… 做……是有/无礼貌的
1. The key to keeping good (manner) online is to be thoughtful.
2. It’s good manners (take) off your shoes before going into the room.
3. He greeted me a friendly manner.
manners
in
巩固练习
to take
option n. 可选择的事物; 选择; 选择权
have no option but to do 只能；别无他法
1)各种各样的选择
a wide range of /a variety of /all sorts of options
2)选修课，选修课程 optional courses
adj. 可自由选择的; 随意的; 选修的
optional
巩固练习
①Their costs have fallen sharply,making the new sources of energy the least expensive 　　　　　　(option).
②This term,history is an 　　　　　　(option) subject.Would you like to take it
③Because of the pandemic,they had no option but 　　　　　　(cancel) their wedding.
options　
optional
to cancel
broad adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的
broaden one’s horizons 开阔某人的视野
v. 使扩大，使变宽
broaden
normal adj.典型的;正常的; 一般的 n. 常态
It's normal for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是正常的
adj. 反常的; 不正常的; 变态的; 畸形的
adv. 正常地，通常
normal university 师范大学
abnormal
normally
巩固练习
① It is normal for you 　　　　　　(feel) shy and nervous when you are in a new environment.
② 　　　　　　(normal),snow and ice cool the surface by reflecting a lot of the sun’s energy back up into the atmosphere.
③ The crisis has passed and our life will return 　　　　　　normal soon.
to feel
Normally
to　
willing　adj. 愿意；乐意
adj.不愿意的，不乐意的
n.乐意，意愿
be willing to do sth. 愿意或乐意做某事
unwilling
willingness
巩固练习
①If you are 　　　　　　(will) to fly at night,you can get a much cheaper ticket.
②As long as the motherland needs,I am willing 　　　　　(do) everything for her.
③We were 　　　　　　(willing) to send the cats out,nor were we brave enough to annoy Mum by not listening to her.
willing
to do
unwilling
permission n. 准许; 许可; 批准; 许可证
permit sb. to do sth.允许某人(做)某事
permit doing sth.允许做某事
without permission未经许可
with one’s permission在某人的许可下
ask for permission 征求许可; 请求允许
weather/time permitting 如果天气/时间允许
permit vt. &vi. 允许; 准许; 使有可能
permitted permitted
[练透]——单句语法填空
①Before the emergency can be controlled, no one will ___________ to leave the community without ____________. (permit)
②The visitors are reminded that the museum doesn't permit ________(smoke).
③[2021·新高考卷Ⅰ] My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their _________ (permit).
be permitted
permission
smoking
permission
跟踪训练
1. basis n. 基础；根据；基点→____________ n.基础；n.以...为基础→__________adj. 基础的 在某事的基础上________________
2. ignore v.忽视 → ____________adj. 愚昧的；无知的
→____________ n. 无知；愚昧
3. judge v. 评价；评判；判断 n. 法官；裁判员
→ ____________ n. 判断，评判
4. narrator n. (书，戏剧或电影情节的)叙述者；讲述者
→_________v.叙述；讲故事→___________n.叙述；解说；讲述
5. servant n. 仆人；用人 →________ v. 服务，供应（饭菜） →___________ n. 服务
6. sail v. 航海；航行→________n. 水手→________n. 航海
7. spot v.看见；注意到；发现 ；n.地点；住所；斑点；污迹
→________adj. 有花点的; 有斑点的
8. mining n. 采矿；采矿业→________ n. 矿山;v. 开采→ ________ n. 矿工
base
basic
ignorant
ignorance
judgment
serve
service
sailor
sailing
mine
miner
on the basis of
spotted
narrate
narration
9. patience n. 耐心→ ________ adj. 有耐心的;n. 病人
→___________ n.不耐烦→ ___________adj. 不耐烦的
10. indicate v.表明；显示→ __________ n.指示；迹象
→ _________adj.有暗示性的
11. obligation n.义务；职责；责任→ ________ v.(使)负有责任
12. intention n.打算；计划；意图；目的→ ________v.打算
13. musical adj. 音乐的;n.音乐剧→________ n.音乐→_________n.音乐家
14. option n.可选择的事物；选择→ ________adj.可选择的；选修的
15. broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的→___________ v. 变宽；增长
→ ________adv.宽阔地 扩宽某人的视野_______________________
16. normal adj. 正常的 →___________ adv. 通常；正常
→_____________adj.不正常的
15. willing adj. 愿意的；乐意的→___________ adj. 不乐意的 →___________ n. 意志；遗嘱→ ___________ n.心甘情愿
normally
abnormal
unwilling
will
willingness
impatience
impatient
patient
broaden
music
musician
indication
indicative
obligate
intend
optional
broadly
broaden one’s horizen
Let’s do more practice!
The _________ (music) played the music in a wonderful manner.
Currently, there are only two _________ (option) for us to choose from.
He agreed to help the family out of danger without_________ (hesitate).
Hearing his words, I think he is ________ (ignore) about Beijing opera.
musician
options
ignorant
hesitation
练习
They have been waiting for weeks for ___________ (permit) to use the gym.
People are willing __________ (help) those who behave in a polite manner.
As a matter of fact, people make ___________ (judge) on the basis of what they know.
练习
permission
to help
judgment
To be honest, our study is _______ (base) on a great deal of data from our customers.
she is not only a _________ (patience) teacher but also a faithful friend that can be trusted forever.
Unlike her colleagues, she intends _______ (go) on her study in a university at the age of 40.
练习
based
patient
to go
The determined look on his face __________(indicate) that he won’t change his mind easily.
___________ (eventual), he gave up maintaining a relationship with people form the upper class.
From the story we know that one should not _______ (judgement) people by their clothes.
练习
indicates
Eventually
judge
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
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