资源简介

(共47张PPT)
虚拟语气（一）
Hypothetical Meaning/Subjunctive Mood
2
3
1
Mood
Three Types of Mood (语气)
Indicative
陈述
Imperative
祈使
subjunctive
虚拟
Contents
BE-subjunctive (动词原型)
WERE-subjunctive (过去式)
Non-factual conditionals introduced by if (由if引导的非真实性的条件句)
Other ways to express hypothetical meaning
Conditional sentences
2. ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.
A. If he went B. Were he gone
C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone
3. If he had not gone out in the storm _____.
A. he will be alive now
B. he would be alive now
C. he would have been alive now
D. he be alive now.
He left orders that nothing ___ touched until the police arrived here.
A. should be B. ought to be
C. must be D. would be
Pre-Test
BE-subjunctive (动词原型)
1. In certain that-clauses to express a command, decision, suggestion, etc. These that-clauses usually occur:
1)After suchverbsasdecide, decree, demand, insist, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, suggest, ask, etc.Heorderedthat all the books(should)be sentat once.Weproposethat somebody neutral(should)takethe chair.2)After suchadjectivesasadvisable,desirable,appropriate,proper,essential, imperative, important, impossible, necessary,etc.Itisessentialthatall the factsbeexamined first.Itisnecessarythathecomeback without delay.3)Nounsfollowed by the subjective：decision, demand, instruction, order, requirement, plan, resolution, idea, etc.Theirdecisionwas that the schoolremainclosed.My ideais that we(should) getmore people to attend the conference.BE-subjunctive (动词原型)
2. Clauses expressing concession, speculation, precaution…
(Note:只限于正式书面语，非正式通常用动词陈述式，或 “should/may + infinitive”)
If the rumor be true, everything is possible.
Whatever happen, I must be calm and quiet.
Clauses introduced by if, though, whatever, so long as, whether, lest, for fear that, etc.
In order that no further damage ______, it is crucial that you get the wounded back to the intensive care unit as quickly as possible.
A.is to be done B. will be done
C. can be done D. be done
Exercise 1
BE-subjunctive (动词原型)
3. In certain formulaic expressions (公式化的表达)
Some express a wish, prayer, curse, etc.
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
God bless you!
God damn you!
Heaven forbid!
So be it.
Suffice it to say that…
Far be it from me to spoil the fun.
WERE-subjunctive (过去式)
In “It is (high/about) time + that” clause;
It’s almost midnight. It’s time we went home.
It’s high time that you washed.
It’s about time that you made up your mind.
What’s the difference
It’s / high / about time that
we got up.
we should get up.
Expressing emotions, to urge sb to do sth
Expressing suggestion
“It is/will be the first/second time + that clause;
It is/will be the first time that I ___________ (work) so late.
It was the second time that you _________ (make) such mistakes.
have worked
had made
Exercise 2
The general’s command was that the soldiers _____ their fort and carry out more important task.
A. would leave B. leave
C. left D. have left
Exercise 2
2.It’s desired that she _____ to teach us at least twice a week.
A. comes B. will com
C. come D. may come
Exercise 2
3.He left orders that nothing ___ touched until the police arrived here.
A. should be B. ought to be
C. must be D. would be
Exercise 2
4.It is imperative that students ____ their term papers on time.
A. hand in B. would hand in
C. have to hand in D. handed in
Exercise 2
5. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.
A. hand in B. hands in
C. must hand in D. has to hand in
Exercise 2
6. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood ______.
A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock
B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.
C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.
D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.
Exercise 2
7. She intends to move that the committee ______ discussion on this issue.
A. suspends B. suspend
C. suspended D. will suspend
Exercise 2
8. If you have really been studying English for so long. It’s about time you _____ able to write letters in English.
A. will be B. were
C. must be D . are
Exercise 2
9. Don’t you think it is time you ____ smoking
A. give up
B. gave up
C. would give up
D. would better give up
Exercise 2
10.That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ____ strong actions against him.
A. betrayed…take
B. had betrayed…took
C. has betrayed…took
D. has betrayed…take
Unreal conditionals
introduced by if
Jack
Rose
In a poker game, Jack won a third-class ticket of the Titanic.
On the boat, he met Rose and loved him at the first sight.
They had a happy time together.
Unfortunately, the boat hit a huge iceberg and sank lastly.
Non-factual Conditional sentences
Impossible in the present
Possible but unlikely in the future
Impossible in the past
1) Improbable Unreal Conditional
(不可能实现的非真实性的条件句)
Used for talking about something possible but unlikely in the future
将来可能发生但是概率很小的事情
Before Jack died, he dreamt about a happy life.
Rose, if we were alive, I would marry you some day.
If we married, we would live a happy life in the future.
If it were to be fine tomorrow, we would be saved.
Sth possible but unlikely in the future： Verb in the if clause Verb in the main clause
did (were if be)
were to do
should do
would/could/should/might do
2) Improbable Unreal Conditional
(不可能实现的非真实性的条件句)
Used for talking about something impossible in the present
目前不可能发生的情况
If I won the poker, I could buy a ticket for American.
I should sail for America if I were on the board.
If I worked hard, I might have money to buy a ticket for the Titanic.
If you were Jack playing card now, what do you think of it
Sth impossible in the present： Verb in the if clause Verb in the main clause
did（were if be）
would/could/should/might do
3) Imaginary Unreal Conditional
虚拟的非真实性的条件句
talking about something possible in the past but didn’t happen
Rose, if I hadn't won the ticket, I wouldn't have been on board and met you.
It wouldn't have sunk if the ship hadn't hit an iceberg.
More people would have been saved if there had been enough life boats.
If you were Jack, what would you want to say about the accident
Sth possible not happened in the past： Verb in the if clause Verb in the main clause
would/could/should/might have done
had done
Exception (特例)1: Inversion
Should there be
Were I you
Had I had time
If I were you, I would give it up.
, I would give it up.
If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
, I would have run round that lake again.
If there should be a flood, what should we do
a flood, what should we do
should，were，had
放句首,if省略。
If you hadn't stayed up last night, you wouldn't be so tired now.
If I were you, I would’t have made a boyfriend in the university.
Exception 2: mixed (混合型) subjunctive mood
Past event，present effect；
Present event, past effect
1. The smell that rose from the saucepan was so powerful that Mom shut the window lest anybody outside ____ it.
must notice B. has noticed
C. had noticed D. should notice
2. "If I were you, I wouldn't wait to propose to her." The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to _______.
A. alleviate hostility
B. express unfavorable feelings
C. indicate uncertainty
D. make a suggestion
Exercise 3
3. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as ____ if I ____alone.
would have been ...had been
should be ... had been
C. could be ... were
D. might have been... were
4. ______ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive. (2016, 2019)
A. If it not had been for B. If had it not been for
C. Had it not been for D. Had not it been for
Exercise 3
Look at the following pictures and make sentences with subjunctive mood.
I don’t know which to buy.
If you were me, which would you buy
If I were you, I would buy the red one.
If she hadn’t eaten so much candy, she wouldn’t have had her teeth pulled out.
She had her teeth pulled out because she ate too much candy.
Tom had a car accident because he drove after getting drunk.
If Tom hadn’t driven after getting drunk, he wouldn’t have had a car accident.
What would you do if you won the lottery some day
If I were to win/should win the lottery some day, I would buy a big house for my parents.
Thank you for attention!

展开更多......

收起↑