资源简介

(共39张PPT)
Using language
Unit 2
Onwards
and upwards
Learning Objectives
PART. 01
Understand the daily study and life of British middle school students by watching videos. Based on your own daily study and life, compare the study and life in Chinese and British schools, and find out the similarities and differences between the two. Talk about your first impression of high school life, and have a preliminary perception of the study and life in the senior high school stage.
Learning Objectives
Identify and understand the usage and differences between -ing and to-infinitive as object, and accurately apply them in various real-life contexts. Master English idioms for expressing positive or negative attitudes. Learn expressions for showing care and comfort, and apply them in various real-life contexts.
Understand how English idioms for expressing attitudes reflect cultural values, beliefs, and ways of thinking, fostering their cross-cultural understanding of emotional expressions in English-speaking cultures.
Develop your analytical thinking by summarizing the rules the usage of between -ing and to-infinitive as object.
Enhance your self-directed learning ability in language knowledge acquisition, and cultivate your habit of using English for practical communication and continuous language learning.
Understand the daily study and life of British middle school students by watching videos. Based on your own daily study and life, compare the study and life in Chinese and British schools, and find out the similarities and differences between the two. Talk about your first impression of high school life, and have a preliminary perception of the study and life in the senior high school stage.
Teaching Focuses and Anticipated Difficulties
Students can learn the use and differences between -ing and to-infinitive as object, master English idioms for positive/negative attitudes, and use expressions for care/comfort in real-life situations.
Understanding how attitude-related English idioms show cultural values and correctly using -ing/to-infinitive in different contexts.
Grammar
PART. 02
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentences (a), (c) and (e) are from the reading passage.
1. Do sentences (a) and (b) have the same meaning
Yes, they do.
2. Do sentences (c) and (d) have the same meaning
No, they don't.
3. Can “receiving” in sentence (e) be changed into “to receive”
No, it can't.
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
只可使用-ing形式作宾语的动词有：
suggest、finish、practise、avoid、miss、delay、like、 enjoy、imagine、deny、admit、consider、escape、risk、mind 等。
只接-ing形式的短语有：
be used to、can’t stand、give up、feel like、keep、on、insist on、look forward to、put off、devote to、stick to、object to、be busy、get down to等。
He imagines becoming a famous artist one day.
他想象自己某天成为知名艺术家。
They can’t stand waiting in long lines.
他们受不了排长队。
后接-ing形式的动词和动词短语：
喜欢考虑逃避免 (enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)
停止放弃太冒险 (stop, give up, risk)
介意想象莫推延 (mind, imagine, put off, delay)
要求完成是期盼 (require, finish, look forward to)
建议继续勤练习 (suggest, go on, practise)
不禁原谅要坚持 (can't help, excuse, insist on)
继续介意成功来 (keep on, mind, succeed in)
口诀助记
只可使用 to-infinitive作宾语的动词有：
agree、offer、intend、plan、 demand、 ask、 promise、prepare、decide、refuse、choose、wish、hope、want、expect、 fail、pretend、manage、determine、beg、arrange、claim、 aim、hesitate、threaten 等动词后通常只接不定式作宾语。
She agreed to help her neighbor with the gardening.
她同意帮邻居做园艺活儿。
The workers demanded to get a fair salary increase.
工人们要求获得合理的工资涨幅。
They prepared to welcome the important guests from abroad.
他们准备迎接来自国外的重要宾客。
只可使用 to-infinitive 作宾语的动词：
三个希望两答应 (hope, wish, want, agree, promise)
两个要求莫拒绝 (demand, ask, refuse)
设法学会做决定 (manage, learn, decide)
不要假装在选择 (pretend, choose)
注意：如果动词不定式作宾语，而其后有补足语时则常用形式宾语 it， 而把动词不定式放在补足语之后。
口诀助记
既可接-ing 形式，又可接 to-infinitive 作宾语的动词有：
start、begin、continue、like、love、hate 等，意思基本没有区别。
love、like和 hate 接动名词表示长久的规律性的好恶；接不定式表示一时的、个别性的好恶。
He continued working/to work on the project despite the heavy rain.
尽管下着大雨，他仍继续做这个项目。
She started learning/to learn Japanese after watching an anime.
她看了一部动漫后，开始学日语。
They love travelling around the world during holidays.
他们热爱假期时环游世界。（是长期热衷的事）
He loves to read this new novel tonight.
他今晚想读这本新小说。（是当下的意愿）
下列动词和动词词组既可以跟-ing 形式作宾语，也可以跟 to-infinitive 作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意：
(1) remember to do sth 记住要做某事(做)
remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做)
(2) forget to do sth 忘记要做某事(未做)
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(已做)
(3) regret to do sth 对将做的事感到抱歉(未做)
regret doing sth 后悔做过某事(已做)
(4) try to do sth 试图/努力做某事(但不一定成功)
try doing sth 试着做某事(只是试试)
(5) mean to do sth 打算/想要做某事
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
(6) stop to do sth 停下(别的事情)去做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
(7) go on to do sth 接着做(另一件事)
go on doing sth 继续做(原来的事)
(8) can't help(to) do sth 不能帮忙做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
allow、advise、forbid、permit、encourage等动词后面可接-ing形式作宾语，但有名词或代词作宾语时，则接不定式作宾语补足语。
The library forbids talking loudly.
图书馆禁止大声喧哗。
The teacher forbids students to use mobile phones in class.
老师禁止学生课堂上用手机。
This park permits camping in designated areas.
这座公园允许在指定区域露营。
The manager permits employees to work from home on Fridays.
经理允许员工周五居家办公。
Attention
动词 need、require、want 表示主语需要被做某种处理时，其后必须用-ing 的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做。这时-ing的主动形式表示被动意义。be worth 后必须用-ing 的主动形式表示被动意义。
want/need/require to do sth (主语)想要/需要做某事
want/need/require doing sth (不用被动，以物作主语) 需要做
The old car wants repairing/to be repaired.
这辆旧车需要修理了。
That classic novel is worth reading again.
那本经典小说值得再读一遍。
Attention
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
At the age of ten, Liu Wei lost both his arms in an accident. Despite this, he wanted 1__________ (live) life to the full. He learnt 2__________ (use) his feet for everyday activities, such as eating and brushing his teeth. He also started 3_________________ (swim) and won two gold medals at the National Games for People with Disabilities. When he had to stop 4__________ (swim) due to health problems, he decided 5__________ (learn) how to play the piano with his toes. It was difficult, but he kept 6__________ (practise) until he had achieved his goal. In 2010, he won in China’s Got Talent and became famous nationwide. Today, Liu Wei still enjoys 7__________ (play) music, and his positive attitude is an inspiration to us all.
to live
to use
swimming / to swim
swimming
to learn
practising
playing
Background Information
The Boy Scouts of America (the BSA) is one of the largest organizations of young people in the United States. Around more than 2.4 million young people take part in BSA activities, and almost one million adults are volunteers. Since it was founded in 1910, more than 110 million Americans have been involved in BSA activities. The aim of the BSA is to train young people in responsible citizenship, character development, and self-reliance. This is done through taking part in a wide range of outdoor activities and educational programs. Career-oriented programs in partnership with community organizations are also available for older age levels.
Write a report based on the interview with the words in the box.
admit decide enjoy
fail regret want
Work in pairs. Share a story of your own about overcoming challenges using the words and structures in this section where appropriate.
Listening
PART. 03
Listen to the conversations and match the expressions to their meanings.
1. _______ to change your life by starting to be a better person or stopping a bad habit
2. _______ someone who is extremely enthusiastic and enjoys working extremely hard
3. _______ to not make any effort
4. _______ very calm and relaxed, especially in a difficult situation
5. _______ to do something very slowly because you do not really want to do it
6. _______ someone who refuses to join in, or wants to stop other people having fun
e
c
a
f
d
b
Put the expressions in Activity 5 into the boxes. Add any more you can think of.
an eager beaver
turn over a new leaf
cool as a cucumber
like a duck to water
…
Positive
Negative
not lift a finger
a wet blanket
drag one's feet
a fish out of water
…
Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. Why is it important to “look on the bright side”
Because looking on the bright side is a type of good attitude, which can have a positive effect on other people. In this way, looking on the bright side is the best thing that we can do for ourselves as well as for others.
Read the passage and answer the questions.
2. How can our attitude affect others
Our attitude is likely to spread to and affect others. If we have a good attitude, others will also feel it and be cheered up by it.
Listen to the conversation and number the pictures according to the sequence of events.
2
1
4
3
Listen again and complete the journal entry.
Today I came across my friend DaWei. He looked sad, so I asked him what was wrong. He said that he failed in a 1________________________ contest. Before the contest, he competed against a girl at school. He won, but he said it was because 2____________. He thought the girl should have gone to 3_____________________ instead. If she had, the school would have been 4___________. I tried to make him look on the bright side, and he admitted that he had a good time at the national contest. He met some 5_______________ and he liked the city. He also said his parents felt 6_____________. I think I made him feel better.
Friday 10 May
national English speaking
he was lucky
the national competition
well-known
fantastic people
proud of him
Now act out a conversation between Dawei and Jack, and think about how you would comfort Dawei if you were Jack.
Complete the boxes with expressions from the radio conversation.
Are you OK I don't mean to be nosy, but are you sure
Why don’t you tell me what's up
Why are you so upset
I'm sure you did your best.
You should be proud of yourself.
I know this is hard for you, but you should cheer up.
Work in pairs. Choose one situation and act out a conversation to show concern for people and comfort them. Use the expressions in this section.
Now think about what language in this section you used to show concern and comfort others.
You ran for Head of the Student Committee but weren’t elected.
You feel annoyed because a group member doesn’t want to contribute to your group’s work.
Vocabulary
1. worthwhile
make... worthwhile 使……值得
a worthwhile job 一份值得做的工作
consider/find/think... worthwhile 认为……值得,觉得……值得
It is worthwhile to do sth/doing sth. 做某事是值得的可少的
例题：
It is worthwhile _________(spend) time learning a new language, as it opens up new career opportunities.
to spend
Vocabulary
2. enthusiastic
enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱
enthusiastically adv. 热情地
be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事热心
with (great) enthusiasm (非常)热情地
full of enthusiasm 充满热情
例题：
She is always _____________(enthusiasm) about trying new hobbies, like painting and hiking.
enthusiastic
Vocabulary
3. upset
be upset to do sth./that... 做……让人心烦意乱，……让人心烦意乱
be upset about sth. 为某事心烦
be upset with sb. 生某人的气
It upsets sb. to do sth./that... 做……让某人烦心/……让某人烦心
例题：
Don’t be upset _______ the minor mistake — everyone makes errors, and we can fix it together.
about
Vocabulary
4. elect
elect sb. (as/to be)+职位 选举某人为…… (职位前无冠词)
elect sb. to sth. 选举某人加入……
elect to do sth. 选择做某事
be/get elected 当选
例题：
After much consideration, she elected __________(pursue) a career in environmental science.
to pursue
Exercise
PART. 04
1. She was u_______(心烦意乱的) about the argument with her friend and couldn’t sleep last night.
2. The cooking c_______(比赛) attracted hundreds of participants from across the country.
3. She wrapped herself in a warm b_______(毛毯) and read a book by the fireplace.
4. She is always e___________(热衷的) about volunteering at the animal shelter, spending every weekend caring for the dogs and cats.
pset
Exercise: 单词拼写
ontest
lanket
nthusiastic
She suggested ________ (go) to the art museum this weekend.
They plan ________ (visit) their grandparents during the holiday.
Do you mind ________ (open) the window It’s a bit stuffy here.
I enjoy ________ (read) novels before going to bed.
She can’t wait ________ (see) the new romantic comedy in the cinema.
They missed ________ (catch) the early train because of the heavy traffic.
The broken car needs _______________________ (repair) as soon as possible.
The teacher encourages us _____________ (participate) in the English speech contest.
going
Exercise: 用所给词的适当形式填空
to visit
opening
reading
to see
catching
repairing / to be repaired
to participate
Summary
PART. 05
Using language
Grammar
Vocabulary
Listening
动名词和不定式作宾语
只可使用-ing形式作宾语的动词（短语）
只可使用 to-infinitive作宾语的动词
既可接-ing 形式，又可接 to-infinitive 作宾语的动词
Homework
PART. 06
Review what you have learnt in this class;
Think about what language in this section you used to show concern and comfort others.
Homework
See you next class!

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