资源简介

(共18张PPT)
Unit 4
BODY LANGUAGE
1.动名词（短语）作主语，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。
2.单个动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
3.动名词（短语）作主语，有时用it作形式主语，动名词后置作真正的主语。此类句式常见的有：
It's a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间
It's useless doing sth. 做某事没用
It's no good / use / fun / pleasure doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思
It's worthwhile doing sth / to do sth. 做某事没用/是值得的
Learning objectives:
1. Learn the grammar rules about v-ing form;
2. Use the rules to express proper meaning;
3. Know the functions of V-ing form in the sentence.
1.动名词（短语）作主语，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。
2.单个动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
3.动名词（短语）作主语，有时用it作形式主语，动名词后置作真正的主语。此类句式常见的有：
It's a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间
It's useless doing sth. 做某事没用
It's no good / use / fun / pleasure doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思
It's worthwhile doing sth / to do sth. 做某事没用/是值得的
Review
1.动名词（短语）作主语，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。
2.单个动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
3.动名词（短语）作主语，有时用it作形式主语，动名词后置作真正的主语。此类句式常见的有：
It's a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间
It's useless doing sth. 做某事没用
It's no good / use / fun / pleasure doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思
It's worthwhile doing sth / to do sth. 做某事没用/是值得的
1.动名词（短语）作主语，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。
2.单个动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
3.动名词（短语）作主语，有时用it作形式主语，动名词后置作真正的主语。此类句式常见的有：
It's a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间
It's useless doing sth. 做某事没用
It's no good / use / fun / pleasure doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思
It's worthwhile doing sth / to do sth. 做某事没用/是值得的
Exercise翻译下列句子：
1Swimming in this river is dangerous.
2.哭没有用。
3.早睡早起对我们健康有好处。（be good for 对…有好处； early 提前地，早地）
4.躺在海滩上使人放松。（lie on 躺在…； beach 沙滩，海滩； make sb.+ adj.）
Leading in Watch and Find
Watch the video, and pay attention to the -ing form in the dialogue.
Observe and Analyze
I enjoy learning about body language in different cultures.
I find myself constantly interested in learning about body language, too.
The crucial thing is using body language appropriately.
It’s amazing how much we understand just by watching people’s gestures and expressions.
谓语动词
介词
v-ing 作宾语
系动词
系动词
v-ing 作表语
The -ing form as
the object and the predicative /pr d k t v/
动词ing 形式作宾语和表语
Explore and Summarize
1. The speaker focused his attention on gesturing with his hands.
2. She expressed her feelings through nodding her head.
3. The audience showed their eagerness with leaning forward.
4. He conveyed his message by smiling to the audience.
5. The interviewer judged the candidate based on observing their facial expressions.
介词
-ing form
介宾结构
object
Tip 1 动词-ing 形式常位于 之后作宾语成分，与其前面的介词一起构成 结构。
介词
介宾
Compare
I am looking forward to going to the conference to learn more about nonverbal communication.
She is excited about having the opportunity to demonstrate her expertise in interpreting body language.
介词to
动词不定式符号to
Attention: 动词-ing形式作介词的宾语中，注意区分介词to与不定式符号to。
常见的有介词to 的短语：
be used to习惯于；get down to开始做；
lead /contribute to导致；
devote oneself to献身于…… ；
look forward to期待；stick to坚持；
pay attention to注意；object to反对；
be devoted to专心于……
Explore and Summarize
1. She considers folding her arms a defensive posture when negotiating.
2. They admit leaning forward during a conversation to show genuine interest.
3. I don’t allow crossing legs in my yoga class because it can suggest disengagement.
4. I feel like blinking my eyes rapidly when the strong light shines.
动词
动宾结构
object
-ing form
Tip 2 动词-ing 形式也常位于 之后作宾语成分，与其前面的动词一起构成 结构。
及物动词
动宾
Attention
考虑建议盼原谅： consider, suggest/ advise, look forward to, pardon
承认推迟没得想： admit, delay/ put off, fancy/ imagine
避免错过继续练： avoid, miss, keep/ keep on, practice
否认完成停能赏： deny, finish, stop, enjoy/ appreciate
不禁介意准逃亡： can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape
禁止冒险凭想象： forbid, risk, imagine
难以忍受始反对： can’t stand, set about/ get down to, object to
想要成功坚持忙： feel like, succeed in, insist on, be busy ( in )..
习惯放弃有困难： get used to, give up, have difficulty/ trouble ( in )..
导致专心不推迟： lead to/ contribute to, be devoted to, put off
所列动词短语中的to 为介词
Tip 3 有些动词只能接动词-ing形式作宾语
Compare
When he means to express friendliness and openness, he always smiles.
That he always smiles means expressing friendliness and openness.
当他想表示友好和坦率时，他总是微笑。
他总是面带微笑，这意味着他的友好和坦率。
You should remember to maintain eye contact during your speech.
I remember maintaining eye contact during my speech.
你要记得在演讲时保持眼神接触。
我记得在我演讲的时候一直保持眼神交流。
还没做
做过了
Tip 4 有些动词既可接to do 又可接动词-ing形式作宾语，且意义不同。
Compare
Although body language is really powerful, it needs using properly.
Although body language is really powerful, it needs to be used properly.
need doing =need to be done需要被……
Tip 5 有些动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语，但表达了被动的意义，相当于to be done。如：need, want, require, deserve, desire, be worth等。
Attention
在以下结构中，v.- ing形式作介词的宾语，介词常省略。
spend...(in) doing 花费……做某事
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing... 做……有困难/麻烦
stop/prevent sb. (from) doing… 阻止某人做某事
waste time (in) doing… 浪费时间做某事
be busy (in) doing… 忙于做某事
have a good/hard time (in) doing… 高兴做某事/费了很大劲做某事
There is no point (in) doing… 做某事毫无意义
动词-ing形式作宾语
位于介词之后
构成介宾结构
位于及物动词之后
构成动宾结构
有些动词只接动词-ing形式
有些动词既可接动词不定式又可接动词-ing形式，且意义不同
有些动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语，但表达动词不定式被动语态的意义。
注意区分介to与动词不定式符号to
注意介词省略的情况
Explore and Summarize
Bill’s job is teaching sign language.
系动词
动名词
系表结构
predicative
Tip 7 表语：用来说明主语的身份、内容、性质、品性、特征或状态的句子成分。位置：在__________之后。
系动词
动词teach的逻辑宾语
Compare
Bill’s job is teaching sign language.
Teaching sign language is Bill’s job.
Tip 8 动名词作表语时，1.既具有 的性质和特征，
又具有 的性质和特征。主语和表语可互换位置，且 。
意义不变
动词
名词

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