资源简介

Section A　Topic Talk
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 职业，事业
2．____________ adj. 遵守纪律的
3．____________ n. 伤，损害
4．____________ adj. 坚守的；尽心尽力的
5．____________ n. 雇员
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ vt.决定，决心→________ adj.坚定的，坚决的→________ n．决心
2．________ adj.乐观的，乐观主义的→________ adv.乐观地→________ n．乐观；乐观主义→________ n．乐观的人；乐天派
3．________ vt.做(错事)，犯(罪)；承诺→________ n．承诺；奉献→________ adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
4．________ v．管教→________ n．纪律→________ adj.遵守纪律的
5．________ adj.热心的，热衷的→________ adv.热心地，热衷地→________ n．热心，热情，热忱→________ n．热心者；爱好者
6．________ adj.有抱负的，有雄心的→________ n.志向，抱负；夙愿
7．________ vt.感激；欣赏→________ n．感激；欣赏→________ adj.感激的
8．________ vt.使受伤；伤害；损害→________ adj.受伤的→________ n．伤，损害
9．________ vi.合作；协助；配合→________ n．合作，协作→________ adj.合作的，协助的
10．________ vt.雇用；使忙于；使从事于→________ n．雇员→________ n．雇主→________ adj.失业的→________ n．雇用→________ n．失业
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
将汉语译成相应的英文短语
1．________________ 成功的关键
2．________________ 坚持不懈
3．________________ 从事一个项目
4．________________ 过成功的生活
5．________________ 我认为……
6．________________ 对……感激
7．________________ 对生活保持积极态度
8．________________ 很有道理
9．________________ 尽管多次受伤
10．________________ 某人的投入
11．________________ 坚定而又专注
12．________________ 热情而又雄心勃勃
将英文短语译成汉语
1．come up with a few tips　　　________________
2．be passionate about ________________
3．in one's effort ________________
4．at a very young age ________________
5．believe in oneself ________________
6．remain committed ________________
7．follow these tips ________________
8．how to achieve success ________________
9．be optimistic about ________________
10．become an astronaut ________________
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．determined adj.坚定的，坚决的　determine vt.决定，决心；确定　determination n．决心；决定，确定
(教材原句)be passionate and determined about what you do 对你所做的事情充满激情和决心
(1)be determined
make you more determined 让你更坚定
a determined effort to do sth. 坚决做某事的努力
(2)determine to do sth. 决定/决心做某事
determine on (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
determine that... 决定……
be determined by 由……决定
(3)with determination 坚决地
have the determination to do sth. 有决心做某事
We are determined that the work should be completed ahead of time.我们决心把这项工作提前完成。
We are determined to defend our motherland at all costs.
我们决心不惜任何代价保卫我们的祖国。
The employee quitted his job with determination because of salary.由于薪水问题，这名雇员毅然辞掉了工作。
Have you determined the date of the wedding
你们确定婚礼的日期了吗？
Your success is mostly determined by the efforts that you make.你的成功取决于你所付出的努力。
His determination to go to college is firm.
他读大学的决心是坚定的。
I have the determination to finish the work well on time.
我有决心很好地按时完成工作。
[语境助记]
Determined to increase the production of rice, Yuan Longping, with his team, overcame many difficulties.
一心想要增加稻米产量，袁隆平和他的团队克服了很多困难。
The determination of the title for the book is the first thing we will do at the meeting.
书名的确定是会上我们要做的第一件事。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Paul was fond of Chinese culture, so he determined ________ (settle) in China.
②His ________ (determine) remains as strong as ever despite all the setbacks he has encountered.
③Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties ________ determination.
完成句子
④Sandra ____________________ (决心) become a doctor and her persistence paid off.
⑤He ______________________ (决心) the same mistake would not be repeated.
2．optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的　optimism n．乐观；乐观主义　optimist n．乐观的人；乐天派,optimistically adv.乐观地　反义词：pessimistic adj.悲观的
be optimistic about/that... 对……乐观
express optimism about 对……表示乐观
He was always optimistic, even when things were at their worst.他即使在情况最糟糕的时候也总是很乐观。
She's not very optimistic about the outcome of the talks.
她对会谈的结果不太乐观。
They are cautiously optimistic that the reforms will take place.他们对实行改革表示审慎的乐观。
Both parties expressed optimism about the eventual solution.双方对最终的解决方案都表示乐观。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He ________ (optimistic) considered it a temporary phenomenon.
②Doctors are not optimistic ________ the results of the operation.
③I am an ________ (optimism), but on this day my faith was shaken.
④At the airport, he expressed ________ (optimistic) about the talks.
3．committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的　commit v．犯(罪)；把……送进；承诺　commitment n．投入，奉献；承诺
(1)be committed to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事
a committed
(2)commit a crime 犯罪
commit suicide/murder 自杀/谋杀
commit a mistake/an error 犯错误
commit sb. to... 把某人送进(医院或监狱等)
commit sb./oneself to do/doing sth.
承诺某人/某人自己做某事
commit to sb./sth. 忠于某人/物
(3)make a commitment (to sb.) (对某人)作出承诺
a sense of commitment 使命感；责任感
carry out one's commitment 履行某人的承诺
This development area is committed to creating a perfect investment environment.
这个开发区致力于创造一个完美的投资环境。
They are committed socialists.他们是坚定的社会主义者。
He is still committed to the struggle for the equal rights of the black.他仍然致力于为黑人争取平等权利的斗争。
He has committed a crime and should be sent to prison.
他犯了罪，应该被送进监狱。
She committed herself body and soul to fighting for the cause.她全心全意为这一事业而奋斗。
You cannot imagine his commitment to work.
你无法想象他的敬业精神。
They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job.他们正在找对这份工作真正有责任感的人。
[语境助记]　
Let me repeat that we are fully committed to this policy.
我再说一遍，我们完全拥护这项政策。
The government committed itself to reduce taxes.政府承诺要减少赋税。
He has made a commitment to work hard at his lessons and will carry out the commitment to the end.他已承诺努力学习功课并将把此承诺履行到底。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The government can't commit any more money ________ improving the National Health Service.
②He quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was ________ (commit) to practising it.
③But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable ________ (commit).
完成句子
④He ____________________________ (献身于) the cause of modernising the country's industry.
⑤We ________________________ (致力于) beautifying our environment now.
4．enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的　enthusiastically adv.热情地　enthusiasm n．热情，热忱　enthusiast n．热心人；爱好者
be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事热心
an enthusiastic
be greeted enthusiastically 受到……的热烈欢迎
have/lose enthusiasm for (doing) sth. 有/失去(做)某事的热情
with enthusiasm 热情地
be full of enthusiasm 充满热情
Many people are enthusiastic about online shopping because of its convenience.很多人热衷于网购的原因在于其便利性。
He joined in the class discussion enthusiastically.
他热情地参加了班级讨论。
If you have enthusiasm for English, why not come and join our club？如果你对英语有热情，为什么不来加入我们的俱乐部呢？
With the help of the enthusiast, I had no difficulty finding his home.在这个热心人的帮助下，我毫不费力地找到了他的家。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I gathered from the way she replied that she wasn't very ________ (enthusiasm).
②The audience cheered him ________ (enthusiastic).
③She seemed lacking in ________ (enthusiastic) when we were talking about that film.
④She is enthusiastic ________ the new teaching method.
⑤The journalist has no enthusiasm ________ his present work.
5．ambitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的；野心勃勃的　ambition n．志向，抱负；夙愿
(1)be ambitious for 渴望得到……；对……野心勃勃
be ambitious to do sth. 渴望/雄心勃勃地做某事
young and ambitious 年轻有抱负
(2)a lack of ambition 缺乏抱负
be full of ambition 充满野心
achieve one's ambition 实现某人的抱负
have the ambition to do sth. 有雄心做某事
Her parents were intensely ambitious for her and her younger sister.她的父母对她和她妹妹有着很高的期望。
She is ambitious to succeed in life as a woman journalist.
她渴望自己作为一名女新闻工作者在生活中取得成功。
He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。
She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.
她很聪明，但是缺乏远大志向。
She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.她一直未能实现当著名作家的夙愿。
[拓展]　
an ambitious yet simple time
一个雄心勃勃而又简单的时代
have no ambition to do sth.
完全不想做某事
one's ambition is to be/do...
某人的理想是成为……/做……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①His ambition is ________ (become) a successful scientist.
②She is ambitious ________ (get) through high school in two years.
③When he was only a kid, he had the ambition ________ (become) a doctor.
④One of his greatest ________ (ambition) is to be admitted into a key university.
⑤His latest book The Social Animal, however, is ________ (ambitious) and serious than his earlier books.
⑥Only when you have the ________ (ambitious)to be successful can you be successful eventually.
6．appreciative adj.感激的，感谢的；赏识的，欣赏的　appreciate vt.感激；欣赏；领会　appreciation n．欣赏；感激；评价
(教材原句)Well, being grateful means you're always appreciative of what you have and what other people have done for you.噢，感恩意味着你总是感激你所拥有的和别人为你所做的事情。
(1)be appreciative of 感激……
(2)appreciate (sb.) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。
(3)show appreciation to 向……表示感激
in appreciation of 感激；欣赏
We have been very appreciative of their support.
我们对他们的支持一直非常感激。
The company was very appreciative of my efforts.
公司对我的努力十分赞赏。
His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.
他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。
I would greatly appreciate it if you could send me the application form as soon as possible.
如果您能尽快寄来申请表，我将不胜感激。
Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us.承蒙鼎力相助，不胜感激，谨备薄礼，敬请笑纳。
[学法点拨]　appreciate、hate、love、like、dislike、prefer等词后通常先接it再接when或if引导的从句，it指代后面从句的内容。
appreciate/like/hate＋it＋从句
Mike hates it when his wife calls him at work.
迈克不喜欢妻子在上班时给他打电话。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Tom is genuinely ________ (appreciate) of all the success he's had.
②I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
③I'm writing to show my sincere ________ (appreciate) for the book you gave me before you left China.
④The manager gave him a gold watch ________ appreciation of his dedication to the company.
⑤This is often ________ (appreciate) since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.
7．injury n．伤，损害　injure vt.使受伤；伤害；损害　injured adj.受伤的
(1)protect...from injury 防止……受伤
have/suffer an injury 受伤
treat an injury 疗伤
recover from an injury
＝make a recovery from an injury 从伤病中恢复
a head/leg/shoulder injury 头部/腿部/肩部受伤
cause an injury 造成伤害
do sb./oneself an injury 使某人/自己受伤
receive an injury to ……受到伤害
(2)injure one's knee 某人的膝盖受伤
be/get badly/seriously injured 严重受伤
the injured 伤员
The training is super hard, but the hardest part for me is that I got an injury，the injury which may take me out for years.
训练是非常艰苦的，但对我来说最艰苦的是我受了伤，这个伤可能会让我好几年无法比赛。
The driver of the car received serious injuries to the arms and legs.汽车司机的双臂和双腿严重受伤。
This could seriously injure the company's reputation.
这会严重损害公司的声誉。
Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.
很多伤者仍然情况危急。(“the＋adj.”表示一类人)
[提示]　“the＋adj./p.p.”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
[比较]　injure/wound/hurt
(1)injure 指在事故中受伤；
(2)wound 指用刀、枪等武器造成的伤害；
(3)hurt 指身体或精神受伤。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The victim suffered a dreadful ________ (injure) and lost a lot of blood.
②He ________ (injure) in the first game and unluckily missed the final.
③It was a race against the clock whether the doctor would get to the accident soon enough to save the ________ (injure) man.
④I've been lucky enough to avoid any other serious ________ (injury).
选词填空：injure/wound/hurt
⑤Five people were killed and many others were seriously ________ in the attack.
⑥She's afraid she's going to be ________ and that she'll never fall in love again.
⑦The people who were ________ in the traffic accident have been sent to hospital immediately.
8．cooperation n．合作，协作；配合　cooperate vi.合作；协助；配合　cooperative adj.合作的，协助的
(教材原句)By working with others you develop a lot of key skills, cooperation, communication, building agreement and others.通过与他人合作，你可以培养很多关键技能、加强合作和沟通以及达成共识等。
(1)business/project cooperation 商务/项目合作
seek/promote cooperation 寻求/促进合作
active/close/economic/technical/international cooperation 积极/密切/经济/技术/国际合作
in cooperation with 与……合作
(2)cooperate with 与……协作/合作
cooperate in/on 在……方面合作
cooperate to do sth. 合作做某事
a cooperative partner 合作伙伴
a cooperative activity 协作活动
You see, a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.你看，一点儿尊重和合作就能把工作做得更好。
We would like to see closer cooperation between parents and schools.我们希望看到家长和学校之间有更加紧密的合作。
The two groups agreed to cooperate with each other.
这两个组同意相互协作。
The two companies are cooperating in the development of a new engine.两家公司正在合作开发一种新的发动机。
We are cooperating on a research project.
我们正在合作搞一个科研项目。
[语境助记]
Adult education is run in cooperation with the extramural departments of the universities.
成人教育是和大学校外课程部合办的。
They'll cooperate to build a water-factory.
他们将合作修建一个水厂。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The school was very ________ (cooperate) when we made a film there.
②If they can cooperate ________ each other, everything should run smoothly.
③We would be grateful for your ________ (cooperate) in clearing the hall as quickly as possible.
④I'll be very glad if you cooperate ________ the development of this kind of new plan.
⑤Two well-known firms of drug manufactures are cooperating ________ (find) a cure for cancer.
⑥The workers, ________ cooperation with the managers, have increased output by 10 per cent.
第二版块|重要短语
1．make sense 有意义；解释得通；易于理解
(教材原句)Ahh.Yes，that makes a lot of sense.
啊。是的，那很有道理。
make no sense 没道理，没意义
make sense of 理解；明白；弄懂
make sense to sb. 对某人有意义
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不
common sense 常识
a sense of humour/direction 幽默感/方向感
There's no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没道理/没意义。
She doesn't talk much, but what she says makes sense.
她讲话不多，但言之有理。
This word doesn't make sense in this sentence.
在这个句子中，这个词讲不通。
The plot of the movie was so complicated that it made no sense.这部电影的情节是如此复杂，以至于很难理解。
Please make sense of these marks on paper immediately.
请马上弄清纸上这些符号的意义。
You are right in a sense, but you don't know all the facts.在某种意义上你是对的，但你不了解全部事实。
It's common sense to dress more warmly when it gets cold.天冷了要穿得暖和一点儿，这是常识。
There is no sense in asking questions if you don't listen to the answer.如果你不听答案，提问则毫无意义。
[语境助记]　
In no sense should such a thing be allowed to happen in our school.
这种事情决不允许发生在我们学校。(in no sense置于句首，引起部分倒装)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Can you make sense ________ what this author says
②I don't think it makes sense ________ you to buy so big a house.
③There is no sense ________ (force) yourself to get what you don't want.
④________ no sense did he realise he had made such a serious mistake.
完成句子
⑤Planning so far ahead ________________ (无意义)—so many things will have changed by next year.
⑥You can ask the teacher to speak slowly so that you can __________________________(弄懂他所说的).
2)the key to……的关键
说明：the key to...中的to为介词，后跟名词或代词，有这种搭配的短语还有：
the answer to the question 问题的答案
the solution to the problem 问题的解决办法
the entrance to... ……的入口
the approach to... ……的方法
the way to... 通往……的路
The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.
成功闲聊的关键是学会如何与他人建立(良好)关系，而不仅仅是与他们交流。
I expect a straight answer to a straight question.
我希望问得直率，答得也坦诚。
His plan does not offer a real solution to the problem.
他的计划并未提出一个真正解决问题的方法。
He was waiting at the entrance to the cave.他在洞口等候。
Some teachers have a more traditional approach to teaching.有些老师采用较为传统的教学方法。
The student is on the way to school.
这位学生正在上学途中。
[拓展]　
key to sth. 对……起关键作用
in a low key用低调
the key of...……调子
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Can you try it ________ a lower key
②The key changes ________ C major ________ A minor.
完成句子
③They were seeking an ultimate __________________________ (解决方案) the city's traffic problem.
④Language is __________________________________ (理解你周围人的关键).
⑤First-time voters could ____________________________ (对……起关键作用) the election result.
第三版块|典型句式
　It＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式．
(教材原句)It's easier to get to the top when you're shooting for the top.
当你朝着顶峰努力的时候，你会更容易到达顶峰。
It's necessary (for us students) to learn English well.
(对我们这些学生来说)，学好英语是必要的。
[归纳拓展]　it作形式主语时的常见句型：
①It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句．
②It＋be＋名词词组＋主语从句．，这类名词词组有a fact、a pity、a shame、an honour、a question等。
③It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句．，这类过去分词有announced、believed、expected、hoped、reported、said、shown等。
④It＋不及物动词(appear、happen等)＋主语从句．
⑤It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋动词不定式．，这类形容词有easy、difficult、 hard、important、possible、vital、lucky等。
⑥It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋动词不定式．，这类形容词常是表示心理品质和性格特征的形容词，如kind、stupid、rude、foolish、polite、selfish、considerate等。
⑦It＋be＋名词(词组)或形容词＋动名词．，这类名词(词组)或形容词常常是good、no good、no use、useless、senseless等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It's easier ________ (say) than to do.
②With such busy lives, it can be hard ________ (try) and find the time to work out.
③It is a pity ________ you are rejected by the company.
④It is vital ________ (remain) optimistic when you are struggling.
⑤It ________ (report) that the competitors will come to visit our school.
⑥It is rude ________ you to talk to your teacher like that.
⑦It is lucky ________ him to get support from his family constantly.
⑧It is no use ________ (cry) over spilt milk.
⑨It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I need your ________ (合作) to make this presentation a success.
2．The number of ________ (雇员) is increasing constantly.
3．The host gave the unexpected guest an ________ (热心的，热情的) reception.
4．She's very ________ (有雄心的)but in reality she never makes it to the top.
5．We are very ________ (感激的)of those astronauts for their commitment.
6．Two competitors are out of the team because of ________ (伤).
7．My niece is ________ (坚持不懈的)and passionate about her career.
8．His ________ (坚定的)look showed that he could handle the problem on his own.
9．The employees are ________ (乐观的) about the company's future.
10．Those freshmen in the dorm are well ________ (遵守纪律的).
Ⅱ.短语填空
be grateful to, be committed to, full of ambition, be determined to, make sense, the key to
1．I ____________ get the work done without delay.
2．He ____________ his scientific research.
3．Success favors those who are ____________．
4．His presentation doesn't ____________．
5．____________ success is your commitment and persistence.
6．I ____________ you for your invitation.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ________ (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
2．But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to ________ (practice) it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
3．Write a poem about how courage, ________ (determine), and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
4．See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't make sense ________ (buy) the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
5．Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer ________ (injure).
6．Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been ________ enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
7．I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my ________ (enthusiastic) for the theatre with others.
8．Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ________ (ambition) sportsmen.
9．The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international ________ (cooperate) and cultural exchanges.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．他们的观点都有道理，所以很难从中选出最好的。
Their opinions ____________________________， so it is really hard to choose the best of them.
2．那家美国公司陷入了困境，决定与中国公司合作以开发他们的新产品。
Getting into trouble, the American company has decided to develop their new product ________________________．
3．经历失败后，桑迪决心把她的新想法付诸实践。
Having experienced failure, Sandy ________________________．
4．医院已承诺为病人提供最好的医疗服务。
The hospital ______________________________ to provide the best possible medical care for its patients.
5．雄心勃勃要实现目标的人往往具有成功的内在动力。
People ________________________ tend to have the internal motivation to succeed.
Section A　Topic Talk
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．career　2.disciplined　3.injury　4.committed　5.employee
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．determine; determined; determination　2.optimistic; optimistically; optimism; optimist　3.commit; commitment; committed　
4．discipline; discipline; disciplined　5.enthusiastic; enthusiastically; enthusiasm; enthusiast　6.ambitious; ambition　7.appreciate; appreciation; appreciative　8.injure; injured; injury　9.cooperate; cooperation; cooperative　10.employ; employee; employer; unemployed; employment; unemployment
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．the key to success　2.be persistent　3.work on a project　4.lead a successful life　5.I suppose...　6.be appreciative of
7．stay positive about life　8.make a lot of sense　9.despite many injuries　10.one's commitment　11.committed and focused　12.enthusiastic and ambitious
1．想出几点建议　2.对……有激情　3.在某人的努力下
4．在很年轻时　5.相信自己　6.保持坚定　7.遵循这些建议
8．如何获得成功　9.对……乐观　10.成为一名宇航员
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①to settle　②determination　③with　④was determined to
⑤was determined that
2．①optimistically　②about　③optimist　④optimism
3．①to　②committed　③commitment　④committed himself to　⑤are committed to
4．①enthusiastic　②enthusiastically　③enthusiasm　④about
⑤for
5．①to become　②to get　③to become　④ambitions
⑤more ambitious　⑥ambition
6．①appreciative　②it　③appreciation　④in　⑤appreciated
7．①injury　②was injured　③injured　④injuries
⑤wounded　⑥hurt　⑦injured
8．①cooperative　②with　③cooperation　④in/on　⑤to find
⑥in
第二版块|重要短语
1．①of　②to　③forcing　④In　⑤makes no sense　⑥make sense of what he says
2．①in　②from；to　③solution to　④the key to understanding the people around you　⑤have/hold the key to
第三版块|典型句式
①to say　②to try　③that　④to remain　⑤is reported　⑥of　⑦for　⑧crying　⑨to walk
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．cooperation　2.employees　3.enthusiastic　4.ambitious　5.appreciative　6.injury　7.persistent　8.determined　
9．optimistic　10.disciplined
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．am determined to　2.is committed to　3.full of ambition　4.make sense　5.The key to　6.am grateful to
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：commitment　由空格前的the可知，此处要填commit的名词形式commitment。句意：由于威尔逊对预防可预防疾病所作的奉献，非洲和亚洲的数千万人可以看见了。
2．答案与解析：practicing　be committed to“致力于”，是固定搭配，其中to为介词，后接动名词作宾语。句意：但他很快发现自己喜欢上了演奏这种乐器，并致力于练习它，所以不出几个月，他就演奏得相当不错了。
3．答案与解析：determination　and连接并列名词。句意：写一首关于勇气、决心和力量如何帮助你面对生活中的挑战的诗。
4．答案与解析：to buy　It makes sense to do sth.做某事是明智的。句意：瞧，你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省几美元而买最便宜的牌子的电脑是不明智的。
5．答案与解析：injuries　fewer后要接名词复数。句意：研究表明，竞走和跑步有很多共同的健身益处，而竞走造成的伤害很可能更少。
6．答案与解析：an　此处是泛指，且enthusiastic的读音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。句意：对那些处于中年的人来说幸运的是，莱文发现，即使你不是一个热衷于运动的人，但现在保持体形可能有助于改善你的心脏老化。
7．答案与解析：enthusiasm　名词作宾语。句意：我是一个活跃的戏剧爱好者和戏剧读者，也许我编辑这本书最好的原因是希望与他人分享我对戏剧的热情。
8．答案与解析：ambitious　空格处修饰名词sportsmen，应用形容词形式，故填ambitious。句意：数以百万计的水禽死于市场猎人和少数过于野心勃勃的运动员之手。
9．答案与解析：cooperation　由空格前的形容词international可知该空填名词形式，cooperate的名词为cooperation。句意：在开幕式上发布的“首个国际茶日茶路合作倡议”呼吁茶行业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．make sense
2．in cooperation with the Chinese company
3．was determined to put her new ideas into practice
4．has made a commitment
5．who/that are ambitious to achieve their goals
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共123张PPT)
Section A　Topic Talk
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 职业，事业
2．____________ adj. 遵守纪律的
3．____________ n. 伤，损害
4．____________ adj. 坚守的；尽心尽力的
5．____________ n. 雇员
career
disciplined
injury　
committed
employee
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ vt.决定，决心→________ adj.坚定的，坚决的→___________ n．决心
2．________ adj.乐观的，乐观主义的→__________ adv.乐观地→________ n．乐观；乐观主义→________ n．乐观的人；乐天派
3．________ vt.做(错事)，犯(罪)；承诺→__________ n．承诺；奉献→___________ adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
4．________ v．管教→________ n．纪律→________ adj.遵守纪律的
determine
determined
determination
optimistic
optimistically
optimism
optimist　
commit
commitment
committed　
discipline
discipline
disciplined　
5．________ adj.热心的，热衷的→______________ adv.热心地，热衷地→________ n．热心，热情，热忱→________ n．热心者；爱好者
6．________ adj.有抱负的，有雄心的→________ n.志向，抱负；夙愿
7．________ vt.感激；欣赏→________ n．感激；欣赏→________ adj.感激的
enthusiastic
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
enthusiast　
ambitious
ambition
appreciate
appreciation
appreciative
8．________ vt.使受伤；伤害；损害→________ adj.受伤的→________ n．伤，损害
9．________ vi.合作；协助；配合→________ n．合作，协作→________ adj.合作的，协助的
10．________ vt.雇用；使忙于；使从事于→________ n．雇员→________ n．雇主→__________ adj.失业的→__________ n．雇用→___________ n．失业
injure
injured
injury　
cooperate
cooperation
cooperative
employ
employee
employer
unemployed
employment
unemployment

the key to success
be persistent
work on a project
lead a successful life　
I suppose...　
be appreciative of
7．________________ 对生活保持积极态度
8．________________ 很有道理
9．________________ 尽管多次受伤
10．________________ 某人的投入
11．________________ 坚定而又专注
12．__________________________ 热情而又雄心勃勃
stay positive about life
make a lot of sense　
despite many injuries　
one's commitment
committed and focused
enthusiastic and ambitious

想出几点建议
对……有激情　
在某人的努力下
在很年轻时
相信自己　
6．remain committed ________________
7．follow these tips ________________
8．how to achieve success ________________
9．be optimistic about ________________
10．become an astronaut ________________
保持坚定
遵循这些建议
如何获得成功　
对……乐观　
成为一名宇航员
(2)determine to do sth. 决定/决心做某事
determine on (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
determine that... 决定……
be determined by 由……决定
(3)with determination 坚决地
have the determination to do sth. 有决心做某事
We are determined that the work should be completed ahead of time.我们决心把这项工作提前完成。
We are determined to defend our motherland at all costs.
我们决心不惜任何代价保卫我们的祖国。
The employee quitted his job with determination because of salary.由于薪水问题，这名雇员毅然辞掉了工作。
Have you determined the date of the wedding
你们确定婚礼的日期了吗？
Your success is mostly determined by the efforts that you make.你的成功取决于你所付出的努力。
His determination to go to college is firm.
他读大学的决心是坚定的。
I have the determination to finish the work well on time.
我有决心很好地按时完成工作。
[语境助记]
Determined to increase the production of rice, Yuan Longping, with his team, overcame many difficulties.
一心想要增加稻米产量，袁隆平和他的团队克服了很多困难。
The determination of the title for the book is the first thing we will do at the meeting.
书名的确定是会上我们要做的第一件事。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Paul was fond of Chinese culture, so he determined ________ (settle) in China.
②His ___________ (determine) remains as strong as ever despite all the setbacks he has encountered.
③Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties ________ determination.
to settle
determination　
with
完成句子
④Sandra ____________________ (决心) become a doctor and her persistence paid off.
⑤He ______________________ (决心) the same mistake would not be repeated.
was determined to
was determined that
2．optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的　optimism n．乐观；乐观主义　optimist n．乐观的人；乐天派,optimistically adv.乐观地　反义词：pessimistic adj.悲观的
be optimistic about/that... 对……乐观
express optimism about 对……表示乐观
He was always optimistic, even when things were at their worst.他即使在情况最糟糕的时候也总是很乐观。
She's not very optimistic about the outcome of the talks.
她对会谈的结果不太乐观。
They are cautiously optimistic that the reforms will take place.他们对实行改革表示审慎的乐观。
Both parties expressed optimism about the eventual solution.双方对最终的解决方案都表示乐观。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He ____________ (optimistic) considered it a temporary phenomenon.
②Doctors are not optimistic ________ the results of the operation.
③I am an ________ (optimism), but on this day my faith was shaken.
④At the airport, he expressed ________ (optimistic) about the talks.
optimistically　
about
optimist　
optimism
(2)commit a crime 犯罪
commit suicide/murder 自杀/谋杀
commit a mistake/an error 犯错误
commit sb. to... 把某人送进(医院或监狱等)
commit sb./oneself to do/doing sth. 承诺某人/某人自己做某事
commit to sb./sth. 忠于某人/物
(3)make a commitment (to sb.) (对某人)作出承诺
a sense of commitment 使命感；责任感
carry out one's commitment 履行某人的承诺
This development area is committed to creating a perfect investment environment.
这个开发区致力于创造一个完美的投资环境。
They are committed socialists.他们是坚定的社会主义者。
He is still committed to the struggle for the equal rights of the black.他仍然致力于为黑人争取平等权利的斗争。
He has committed a crime and should be sent to prison.
他犯了罪，应该被送进监狱。
She committed herself body and soul to fighting for the cause.她全心全意为这一事业而奋斗。
You cannot imagine his commitment to work.
你无法想象他的敬业精神。
They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job.
他们正在找对这份工作真正有责任感的人。
[语境助记]　
Let me repeat that we are fully committed to this policy.
我再说一遍，我们完全拥护这项政策。
The government committed itself to reduce taxes.政府承诺要减少赋税。
He has made a commitment to work hard at his lessons and will carry out the commitment to the end.他已承诺努力学习功课并将把此承诺履行到底。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The government can't commit any more money ________ improving the National Health Service.
②He quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was ________ (commit) to practising it.
③But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable __________ (commit).
to
committed　
commitment　
完成句子
④He ________________________ (献身于) the cause of modernising the country's industry.
⑤We ___________________ (致力于) beautifying our environment now.
committed himself to　
are committed to
Many people are enthusiastic about online shopping because of its convenience.很多人热衷于网购的原因在于其便利性。
He joined in the class discussion enthusiastically.
他热情地参加了班级讨论。
If you have enthusiasm for English, why not come and join our club？如果你对英语有热情，为什么不来加入我们的俱乐部呢？
With the help of the enthusiast, I had no difficulty finding his home.在这个热心人的帮助下，我毫不费力地找到了他的家。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I gathered from the way she replied that she wasn't very ________ (enthusiasm).
②The audience cheered him _________________ (enthusiastic).
③She seemed lacking in ________ (enthusiastic) when we were talking about that film.
④She is enthusiastic ________ the new teaching method.
⑤The journalist has no enthusiasm ________ his present work.
enthusiastic
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
about
for
5．ambitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的；野心勃勃的　ambition n．志向，抱负；夙愿
(1)be ambitious for 渴望得到……；对……野心勃勃
be ambitious to do sth. 渴望/雄心勃勃地做某事
young and ambitious 年轻有抱负
(2)a lack of ambition 缺乏抱负
be full of ambition 充满野心
achieve one's ambition 实现某人的抱负
have the ambition to do sth. 有雄心做某事
Her parents were intensely ambitious for her and her younger sister.她的父母对她和她妹妹有着很高的期望。
She is ambitious to succeed in life as a woman journalist.
她渴望自己作为一名女新闻工作者在生活中取得成功。
He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。
She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.
她很聪明，但是缺乏远大志向。
She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.她一直未能实现当著名作家的夙愿。
[拓展]　
an ambitious yet simple time
一个雄心勃勃而又简单的时代
have no ambition to do sth.
完全不想做某事
one's ambition is to be/do...
某人的理想是成为……/做……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①His ambition is ________ (become) a successful scientist.
②She is ambitious ________ (get) through high school in two years.
③When he was only a kid, he had the ambition ________ (become) a doctor.
to become
to get　
to become
④One of his greatest ________ (ambition) is to be admitted into a key university.
⑤His latest book The Social Animal, however, is __________ (ambitious) and serious than his earlier books.
⑥Only when you have the ________ (ambitious)to be successful can you be successful eventually.
ambitions
more ambitious
ambition
6．appreciative adj.感激的，感谢的；赏识的，欣赏的　appreciate vt.感激；欣赏；领会　appreciation n．欣赏；感激；评价
(教材原句)Well, being grateful means you're always appreciative of what you have and what other people have done for you.噢，感恩意味着你总是感激你所拥有的和别人为你所做的事情。
(1)be appreciative of 感激……
(2)appreciate (sb.) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。
(3)show appreciation to 向……表示感激
in appreciation of 感激；欣赏
We have been very appreciative of their support.
我们对他们的支持一直非常感激。
The company was very appreciative of my efforts.
公司对我的努力十分赞赏。
His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.
他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。
I would greatly appreciate it if you could send me the application form as soon as possible.
如果您能尽快寄来申请表，我将不胜感激。
Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us.承蒙鼎力相助，不胜感激，谨备薄礼，敬请笑纳。
[学法点拨]　
appreciate、hate、love、like、dislike、prefer等词后通常先接it再接when或if引导的从句，it指代后面从句的内容。
appreciate/like/hate＋it＋从句
Mike hates it when his wife calls him at work.
迈克不喜欢妻子在上班时给他打电话。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Tom is genuinely __________ (appreciate) of all the success he's had.
②I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
③I'm writing to show my sincere ___________ (appreciate) for the book you gave me before you left China.
④The manager gave him a gold watch ________ appreciation of his dedication to the company.
⑤This is often ____________ (appreciate) since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.
appreciative
it
appreciation　
in
appreciated
7．injury n．伤，损害　injure vt.使受伤；伤害；损害　injured adj.受伤的
(1)protect...from injury 防止……受伤
have/suffer an injury 受伤
treat an injury 疗伤
recover from an injury
＝make a recovery from an injury 从伤病中恢复
a head/leg/shoulder injury 头部/腿部/肩部受伤
cause an injury 造成伤害
do sb./oneself an injury 使某人/自己受伤
receive an injury to ……受到伤害
(2)injure one's knee 某人的膝盖受伤
be/get badly/seriously injured 严重受伤
the injured 伤员
The training is super hard, but the hardest part for me is that I got an injury，the injury which may take me out for years.
训练是非常艰苦的，但对我来说最艰苦的是我受了伤，这个伤可能会让我好几年无法比赛。
The driver of the car received serious injuries to the arms and legs.汽车司机的双臂和双腿严重受伤。
This could seriously injure the company's reputation.
这会严重损害公司的声誉。
Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.
很多伤者仍然情况危急。(“the＋adj.”表示一类人)
[提示]　
“the＋adj./p.p.”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
[比较]　
injure/wound/hurt
(1)injure 指在事故中受伤；
(2)wound 指用刀、枪等武器造成的伤害；
(3)hurt 指身体或精神受伤。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The victim suffered a dreadful ________ (injure) and lost a lot of blood.
②He ________ (injure) in the first game and unluckily missed the final.
③It was a race against the clock whether the doctor would get to the accident soon enough to save the ________ (injure) man.
④I've been lucky enough to avoid any other serious ________ (injury).
injury　
was injured　
injured　
injuries
选词填空：injure/wound/hurt
⑤Five people were killed and many others were seriously ________ in the attack.
⑥She's afraid she's going to be ________ and that she'll never fall in love again.
⑦The people who were ________ in the traffic accident have been sent to hospital immediately.
wounded　
hurt
injured
8．cooperation n．合作，协作；配合　cooperate vi.合作；协助；配合　cooperative adj.合作的，协助的
(教材原句)By working with others you develop a lot of key skills, cooperation, communication, building agreement and others.通过与他人合作，你可以培养很多关键技能、加强合作和沟通以及达成共识等。
(1)business/project cooperation 商务/项目合作
seek/promote cooperation 寻求/促进合作
active/close/economic/technical/international cooperation 积极/密切/经济/技术/国际合作
in cooperation with 与……合作
(2)cooperate with 与……协作/合作
cooperate in/on 在……方面合作
cooperate to do sth. 合作做某事
a cooperative partner 合作伙伴
a cooperative activity 协作活动
You see, a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.你看，一点儿尊重和合作就能把工作做得更好。
We would like to see closer cooperation between parents and schools.我们希望看到家长和学校之间有更加紧密的合作。
The two groups agreed to cooperate with each other.
这两个组同意相互协作。
The two companies are cooperating in the development of a new engine.两家公司正在合作开发一种新的发动机。
We are cooperating on a research project.
我们正在合作搞一个科研项目。
[语境助记]
Adult education is run in cooperation with the extramural departments of the universities.
成人教育是和大学校外课程部合办的。
They'll cooperate to build a water-factory.
他们将合作修建一个水厂。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The school was very ______________ (cooperate) when we made a film there.
②If they can cooperate ________ each other, everything should run smoothly.
③We would be grateful for your ________ (cooperate) in clearing the hall as quickly as possible.
cooperative
with　
cooperation
④I'll be very glad if you cooperate ________ the development of this kind of new plan.
⑤Two well-known firms of drug manufactures are cooperating ________ (find) a cure for cancer.
⑥The workers, ________ cooperation with the managers, have increased output by 10 per cent.
in/on　
to find
in
第二版块|重要短语
1．make sense 有意义；解释得通；易于理解
(教材原句)Ahh.Yes，that makes a lot of sense.
啊。是的，那很有道理。
make no sense 没道理，没意义
make sense of 理解；明白；弄懂
make sense to sb. 对某人有意义
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不
common sense 常识
a sense of humour/direction 幽默感/方向感
There's no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没道理/没意义。
She doesn't talk much, but what she says makes sense.
她讲话不多，但言之有理。
This word doesn't make sense in this sentence.
在这个句子中，这个词讲不通。
The plot of the movie was so complicated that it made no sense.这部电影的情节是如此复杂，以至于很难理解。
Please make sense of these marks on paper immediately.
请马上弄清纸上这些符号的意义。
You are right in a sense, but you don't know all the facts.在某种意义上你是对的，但你不了解全部事实。
It's common sense to dress more warmly when it gets cold.天冷了要穿得暖和一点儿，这是常识。
There is no sense in asking questions if you don't listen to the answer.如果你不听答案，提问则毫无意义。
[语境助记]　
In no sense should such a thing be allowed to happen in our school.
这种事情决不允许发生在我们学校。(in no sense置于句首，引起部分倒装)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Can you make sense ________ what this author says
②I don't think it makes sense ________ you to buy so big a house.
③There is no sense ________ (force) yourself to get what you don't want.
④________ no sense did he realise he had made such a serious mistake.
of　
to　
forcing
In
完成句子
⑤Planning so far ahead ________________ (无意义)—so many things will have changed by next year.
⑥You can ask the teacher to speak slowly so that you can ________________________ (弄懂他所说的).
makes no sense
make sense of what he says
2．the key to……的关键
说明：the key to...中的to为介词，后跟名词或代词，有这种搭配的短语还有：
the answer to the question 问题的答案
the solution to the problem 问题的解决办法
the entrance to... ……的入口
the approach to... ……的方法
the way to... 通往……的路
The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.
成功闲聊的关键是学会如何与他人建立(良好)关系，而不仅仅是与他们交流。
I expect a straight answer to a straight question.
我希望问得直率，答得也坦诚。
His plan does not offer a real solution to the problem.
他的计划并未提出一个真正解决问题的方法。
He was waiting at the entrance to the cave.
他在洞口等候。
Some teachers have a more traditional approach to teaching.
有些老师采用较为传统的教学方法。
The student is on the way to school.
这位学生正在上学途中。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Can you try it ________ a lower key
②The key changes ________ C major ________ A minor.
in
from
to　
完成句子
③They were seeking an ultimate __________ (解决方案) the city's traffic problem.
④Language is __________________________________ (理解你周围人的关键).
⑤First-time voters could ___________________ (对……起关键作用) the election result.
solution to　
the key to understanding the people around you　
have/hold the key to
第三版块|典型句式
　It＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式．
(教材原句)It's easier to get to the top when you're shooting for the top.
当你朝着顶峰努力的时候，你会更容易到达顶峰。
It's necessary (for us students) to learn English well.
(对我们这些学生来说)，学好英语是必要的。
[归纳拓展]　it作形式主语时的常见句型：
①It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句．
②It＋be＋名词词组＋主语从句．，这类名词词组有a fact、a pity、a shame、an honour、a question等。
③It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句．，这类过去分词有announced、believed、expected、hoped、reported、said、shown等。
④It＋不及物动词(appear、happen等)＋主语从句．
⑤It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋动词不定式．，这类形容词有easy、difficult、 hard、important、possible、vital、lucky等。
⑥It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋动词不定式．，这类形容词常是表示心理品质和性格特征的形容词，如kind、stupid、rude、foolish、polite、selfish、considerate等。
⑦It＋be＋名词(词组)或形容词＋动名词．，这类名词(词组)或形容词常常是good、no good、no use、useless、senseless等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It's easier ________ (say) than to do.
②With such busy lives, it can be hard ________ (try) and find the time to work out.
③It is a pity ________ you are rejected by the company.
④It is vital ________ (remain) optimistic when you are struggling.
to say　
to say　
that　
to remain　
⑤It _________ (report) that the competitors will come to visit our school.
⑥It is rude ________ you to talk to your teacher like that.
⑦It is lucky ________ him to get support from his family constantly.
⑧It is no use ________ (cry) over spilt milk.
⑨It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
is reported
of　
for
crying
to walk
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I need your ________ (合作) to make this presentation a success.
2．The number of ________ (雇员) is increasing constantly.
3．The host gave the unexpected guest an ________ (热心的，热情的) reception.
4．She's very ________ (有雄心的)but in reality she never makes it to the top.
cooperation
employees
enthusiastic　
ambitious　
5．We are very ____________(感激的)of those astronauts for their commitment.
6．Two competitors are out of the team because of ________ (伤).
7．My niece is _________ (坚持不懈的)and passionate about her career.
8．His ________ (坚定的)look showed that he could handle the problem on his own.
9．The employees are ________ (乐观的) about the company's future.
10．Those freshmen in the dorm are well ________ (遵守纪律的).
appreciative
injury　
persistent　
determined　
optimistic
disciplined
Ⅱ.短语填空
be grateful to, be committed to, full of ambition, be determined to, make sense, the key to
1．I ____________ get the work done without delay.
2．He ____________ his scientific research.
3．Success favors those who are ____________．
4．His presentation doesn't ____________．
5．____________ success is your commitment and persistence.
6．I ____________ you for your invitation.
am determined to　
is committed to
full of ambition
make sense
The key to　
am grateful to
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______________ (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
commitment
解析：由空格前的the可知，此处要填commit的名词形式commitment。句意：由于威尔逊对预防可预防疾病所作的奉献，非洲和亚洲的数千万人可以看见了。
2．But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to ________ (practice) it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
practicing　
解析： be committed to“致力于”，是固定搭配，其中to为介词，后接动名词作宾语。句意：但他很快发现自己喜欢上了演奏这种乐器，并致力于练习它，所以不出几个月，他就演奏得相当不错了。
3．Write a poem about how courage, ____________ (determine), and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
determination　
解析： and连接并列名词。句意：写一首关于勇气、决心和力量如何帮助你面对生活中的挑战的诗。
4．See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't make sense ________ (buy) the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
to buy　
解析： It makes sense to do sth.做某事是明智的。句意：瞧，你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省几美元而买最便宜的牌子的电脑是不明智的。
5．Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer ________ (injure).
injuries　
解析： fewer后要接名词复数。句意：研究表明，竞走和跑步有很多共同的健身益处，而竞走造成的伤害很可能更少。
6．Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been ________ enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
an　
解析：此处是泛指，且enthusiastic的读音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。句意：对那些处于中年的人来说幸运的是，莱文发现，即使你不是一个热衷于运动的人，但现在保持体形可能有助于改善你的心脏老化。
7．I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my ________ (enthusiastic) for the theatre with others.
enthusiasm　
解析：名词作宾语。句意：我是一个活跃的戏剧爱好者和戏剧读者，也许我编辑这本书最好的原因是希望与他人分享我对戏剧的热情。
8．Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ________ (ambition) sportsmen.
ambitious　
解析：空格处修饰名词sportsmen，应用形容词形式，故填ambitious。句意：数以百万计的水禽死于市场猎人和少数过于野心勃勃的运动员之手。
9．The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international ___________ (cooperate) and cultural exchanges.
cooperation　
解析：由空格前的形容词international可知该空填名词形式，cooperate的名词为cooperation。句意：在开幕式上发布的“首个国际茶日茶路合作倡议”呼吁茶行业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．他们的观点都有道理，所以很难从中选出最好的。
Their opinions ________， so it is really hard to choose the best of them.
2．那家美国公司陷入了困境，决定与中国公司合作以开发他们的新产品。
Getting into trouble, the American company has decided to develop their new product __________________________________________．
make sense
in cooperation with the Chinese company
3．经历失败后，桑迪决心把她的新想法付诸实践。
Having experienced failure, Sandy
_____________________________________．
4．医院已承诺为病人提供最好的医疗服务。
The hospital ____________________to provide the best possible medical care for its patients.
5．雄心勃勃要实现目标的人往往具有成功的内在动力。
People ________________________________________tend to have the internal motivation to succeed.
was determined to put her new ideas into practice
has made a commitment
who/that are ambitious to achieve their goals
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．Some of the ________ (伤) associated with running, such as runners' knee, are common among race walkers.
2．________ (雇员) were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
3．The ________ (宇航员) walked out of the spaceship and onto the moon's surface.
4．She is _________ and willing to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
5．She is now concentrating on a ________ as a fashion designer.
injuries　
Employees
astronaut　
optimistic　
career
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分)
1．An earthquake has hit the capital, ______(cause) damage to buildings.
2．Sandra was _____________ (determine) to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.
3．Tom's colleagues were deeply __________ (appreciate) of his help.
4．When it comes to ________ benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it's all about the warm feeling after helping someone.
causing　
determined　
appreciative　
the
5．He devoted himself to his work, and all his ____________ (commit) finally bore fruit.
6．Applicants must be strong, organized, ________ (discipline) and able to work in a team.
7．Learning is a painful task, but I am not less enthusiastic ________ learning precious knowledge.
8．He is such an ________ (ambition) man. It is no wonder he works harder than others.
commitment　
disciplined　
about
ambitious
Ⅲ.选词填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
make sense of, lead a happy life, come up with, at a young age, deal with
1．She has to ____________ problems like this on her own.
2．Knowing that the new couple ____________， their families were relaxed.
3．They thought about more options and ____________ better solutions to that problem.
4．She has a great gift for music, which makes her a great violinist
___________________．
5．This book is so over my head. I'm just trying to ____________ it.
deal with　
led a happy life
came up with
at a young age
make sense of
Ⅳ.完成句子(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)
1．我唯一能做的就是把爱传递下去。
The only thing I can do is _____________ the love.
2．我们很容易在人群中忽视她，仅仅因为她看上去没有什么特别之处。
______________________ in a crowd simply because she is nothing extraordinary to see.(读后续写—外貌描写)
3．首先，我们可以随时随地学习我们喜欢的东西。
First of all, we can learn what we like at any time _________________．
pass down
It is easy to overlook her　
wherever we are
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
John, a very thin boy, loved football with all his heart when he was very young. Practice after practice, he eagerly gave everything he had. But being half the size of the other boys, he could only sit on the bench and hardly ever played in games. Even though the son was always on the bench, his father was always standing with cheers and encouraging him.
When John went to college, he decided to try out for the football team as a “walk-on”. Everyone was sure he could never make the cut, but he did. The coach thought he could provide the other members with the spirit they needed.
The news that he had survived the selection excited him so much that he rushed to the nearest phone and called his father. His father shared his excitement and was sent season tickets for all the college games.
It was the end of the last football season. One day John received a telegram and asked one week off. Nobody knew what happened except the coach. The coach said, “Don't plan to come back to the game on Saturday.”
Saturday arrived, and the game was not going well. When the team was ten points behind, John came back. “Coach, please let me play. I've just got to play today，” said John. The coach pretended not to hear him. But John persisted, and finally feeling sorry for the kid, the coach gave in.
Before long, everyone could not believe their eyes. John was doing everything to fight. The opponent could not stop him. He ran, he passed and blocked like a star. And at last his team won the game.
After the game, John looked at the coach, with tears in his eyes, and said，“Well, you knew my dad died, but did you know that my dad was blind？” John swallowed hard and forced a smile, “Dad came to all my games, but today was the first time he could see me play, and I wanted to show him that I could do it.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了尽管约翰只是一名板凳球员，但父亲一直在鼓励着他。上大学之后，约翰积极努力争取成了一名临时球员，这让每个人都很吃惊。足球赛季末，他收到了家里的电报，父亲去世了。但是比赛当天约翰返回了球场，最终他帮助球队力挽狂澜，获得了胜利，同时向去世的父亲证明自己能行。
1．Why did John hardly have any chance to play in games？(　　)
A．Because he had no time to practice.
B．Because he was too young to play games.
C．Because everyone looked down upon him.
D．Because his body condition was not good.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由第一段中的But being half the size of the other boys, he could only sit on the bench and hardly ever played in games.可知，由于他的体形几乎是其他男孩的一半大小，所以他只能成为板凳球员，很少参加比赛，所以约翰几乎没有机会参加比赛的原因是他的身体条件不好。故D选项正确。
2．The underlined phrase “make the cut” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “________”．(　　)
A．make progress B．be allowed to join the team
C．cut himself D．be refused by the coach
答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。由第二段中的“When John went to college, he decided to try out for the football team as a‘walk on’”．可知，当约翰上大学时，他决定参加足球队的选拔赛，成为一名临时球员。所以判断出第二段中带下划线的短语“make the cut”可替换为be allowed to join the team。故B选项正确。
3．From the text we can know that ________．(　　)
A．John felt very depressed as a “walk-on”
B．John's father always taught him how to play
C．John's father went to all his college games
D．the coach was sure John would be the best player one day
答案与解析：C　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Well, you knew my dad died, but did you know that my dad was blind？”．..“Dad came to all my games, but today was the first time he could see me play...”可知，约翰的父亲去世了，他的父亲是个盲人，生前参加了他所有的比赛，今天是他第一次“看到”约翰上场踢足球赛，他想让父亲知道他能行。故C选项正确。
4．This story tells us that ________．(　　)
A．a burden of one's choice is not felt
B．better to do well than to say well
C．all roads lead to Rome
D．where there is a will, there is a way
答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了尽管约翰受到身体条件的限制，只是一名板凳球员，但是父亲一直在鼓励着他，上大学之后，他努力争取成了一名临时球员。足球赛季末，家里的电报告诉他父亲去世了。但是比赛当天约翰求教练能给予他上场的机会，教练最终同意了。他帮助球队力挽狂澜，获得了胜利，同时向死去的父亲证明自己能行，所以这个故事告诉我们“有志者，事竟成”的道理，同时也是短文的主旨大意。故D选项正确。
B
“I Went Skydiving at 84！”
As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2001, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned out to be very dull. Around that time, I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirement community announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have, I decided to write about my dream.
In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating that George Bush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me I was just 84 and in pretty good health. A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldn't believe it. Inspired by this, I decided to realize my dream, even though some of my family members and my doctor were against it.
On June 11, 2009, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the experience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasn't frightened—I was really just looking forward to the experience. When we reached 13，000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, “What have I gotten myself into？” But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute (降落伞), and then we just floated downward for about five minutes. Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt—much better than the hot air balloon. I was just enjoying it.
Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don't stop living just because you are 84 years old. If there's something you want to experience, look into it. If it's something that is possible, make it happen.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在2009年时实现了她少女时代的梦想——跳伞，并讲述了当时的经历。
5．What happened to the author in 2001？(　　)
A．She flew an airplane.
B．She entered a competition.
C．She went on a hot air balloon ride.
D．She moved into a retirement community.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句I got a taste of that dream in 2001, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday.可知2001年在“我”生日那天坐上了丈夫为“我”安排的热气球，所以C项正确。
6．The author mentioned George Bush Sr. in her essay to _____．(　　)
A．build up her own reputation
B．show her admiration for him
C．compare their health condition
D．make her argument persuasive
答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段开头In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating that George Bush Sr. did it at age 80.可知，在竞赛短文中，“我”写到了自己想跳伞的渴望，提及了老乔治·布什曾在80岁时这样做过，把自己和他进行对比，来说明自己身体健康，跳伞的想法是可行的，所以D项正确。
7．How did the author feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane？(　　)
A．Excited. B．Scared.
C．intense. D．Regretful.
答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由文章第三段中的When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought，“What have I gotten myself into？”But then everything got calmer.可推知，作者跳出飞机那一刹那是后悔的，她很期待这次经历，但是如此强烈的风让她无法呼吸，她后悔将自己陷入如此危险的境地。所以D项正确。
8．What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving？(　　)
A．The beautiful clouds.
B．The wonderful view.
C．The company of Jay.
D．The one-minute free fall.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后两句Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt—much better than the hot air balloon. I was just enjoying it.可知作者在空中跳伞时最欣赏的是美景。所以B项正确。
Ⅵ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
One summer weekend, my wife, my son and I entered a running race on mountain trails. When the race started, our son took off __1__， but my wife and I stayed back, enjoying the scenery. After some time, while running down a narrow, __2__ trail, I walked on a big stone and had a __3__. I realized I'd got my toe __4__， but I didn't check my damage. Instead, we kept running.
__5__， after going half the course, I realized my watch on my wrist was __6__. I encouraged my wife to go on ahead, and returned to see if I could find it. Later, I __7__ my broken watch and quickly put it into my pocket. Then I __8__ down the trail. In the end, I saw my son, who had finished 30 minutes earlier, had run back up the trail to __9__ me. He ran with me to the end.
__10__ it turned out, both my wife and son had won first place in their age groups, but I had no chance of placing. After the race, I took off my shoe and found that my sock was in blood. Luckily, the race __11__ had a special award for the most injured runner.
Although everyone wants to live a life of comfort, the __12__ is that we often face pain and __13__. However, the key to happiness is __14__ pain into something positive. In other words, __15__ can make us stronger if we face them bravely.　　　
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者记叙了自己一家三口参加赛跑的经历，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是也得到了回报。作者想通过这样的经历告诉读者，生活中总要面对一些痛苦与挣扎，关键是把它们转换成积极的事情，把挫折当成是对自己的考验，让自己变得更加强大。
1．(　　)A．easily B．suddenly
C．calmly D．quickly
答案与解析：D　考查副词词义辨析。easily 简单地；suddenly 突然地；calmly 镇静地；quickly 快地，迅速地。根据下文but my wife and I stayed back, enjoying the scenery(但是“我”的妻子和“我”跟在后面欣赏风景)可知，比赛开始时，儿子迅速地跑了出去。
2．(　　)A．rocky B．dirty
C．smooth D．unknown
答案与解析：A　考查形容词词义辨析。rocky 岩石的，多岩石的；dirty 脏的；smooth 光滑的；unknown 不知名的。联系下文I walked on a big stone可知，此处指狭窄的、多岩石的小路。
3．(　　)A．break B．discovery
C．fall D．pain
答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。break 打破；中止；休息；discovery 发现；fall 下落；pain 疼痛。联系下文I didn't check my damage可推知，“我”摔了一跤。have a fall 跌了一跤，摔倒。根据语境可知选C。
4．(　　)A．injured B．shot
C．destroyed D．knocked
答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。injure 使受伤；shoot 射击；destroy 破坏；knock 撞击。联系下文可知，“我”意识到“我”的脚趾受伤了。
5．(　　)A．Hopefully B．Therefore
C．Luckily D．However
答案与解析：D　考查副词词义辨析。hopefully 满怀希望地；therefore 因此；luckily 幸运的是；however 但是。句意：但是，在跑了一半的路程之后，“我”意识到“我”手腕上的手表不见了。
6．(　　)A．broken B．slow
C．wrong D．gone
答案与解析：D　考查形容词词义辨析。broken 坏了的；slow 慢的；wrong 错误的；gone 不在的。联系下文and returned to see if I could find it可知，“我”发现手腕上的手表不见了。
7．(　　)A．placed B．hid
C．noticed D．missed
答案与解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。place 放置；hide 躲藏；notice 注意到；miss 错过；想念。句意：后来，我注意到了我的坏手表，并把它迅速放到了口袋里。
8．(　　)A．jumped B．walked
C．drove D．hurried
答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。jump 跳；walk 走；drive驾驶；hurry 匆忙。作者找到手表之后，自然是沿着跑道匆忙向终点前进。
9．(　　)A．visit B．meet
C．push D．welcome
答案与解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。visit 拜访，参观；meet 见面，碰面；push 推，按；welcome 欢迎。根据下句He ran with me to the end.可知，半小时前完成比赛的儿子跑回来和“我”碰面，之后一起跑向终点。
10．(　　)A．If B．So
C．As D．But
答案与解析：C　考查定语从句。if 如果；so 因此；as正如；but 但是。As it turned out结果就是，As引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的主句。
11．(　　)A．organizers B．winners
C．owners D．supporters
答案与解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。organizer 组织者；winner 赢家，获胜者；owner 拥有者；supporter 支持者。给比赛者颁奖的自然是比赛的组织者。
12．(　　)A．hope B．idea
C．reason D．truth
答案与解析：D　考查名词词义辨析。hope 希望；idea 想法；reason 原因；truth 事实。句意：尽管每个人都想过舒适的生活，事实是我们经常面对痛苦和挣扎。
13．(　　) A．success B．struggles
C．happiness D．competitions
答案与解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。success 成功；struggle 挣扎，奋斗；happiness 幸福；competition 比赛。句意同上。
14．(　　)A．including B．turning
C．throwing D．dividing
答案与解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。include 包括；turn 转向；throw 扔；divide 分开。句意：然而，幸福的秘诀是把痛苦变成积极的事情。turn into 变成。
15．(　　)A．difficulties B．exercises
C．efforts D．skills
答案与解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。difficulty 困难；exercise 练习；effort 努力；skill 技能。结合上文的经历可知，作者认为困难能让我们变得更加强大。

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