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Section D　Lesson 3　So Close, Yet So Far
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 百万
2．____________ n. 寝室，学生宿舍
3．____________ n. 朋友，伙伴
4．____________ vi. 上下滚动
5．____________ vi. & vt. 努力赢得n. 追逐，追赶
6．____________ vi. & vt. 弯腰；俯身
7．____________ n. 酒
8．____________ vi. & vt. 推迟，延期
9．____________ adj. 拼命的；绝望的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的→________ adv.持续不断地
2．________ adj.光秃秃的；赤裸的→________ adv.几乎不
3．________ vt.保留；预订→________ adj.含蓄的；内敛的
4．________ n．金属丝；金属线→________ adj.联网的；极其兴奋的
5．________ vt.转移(注意力)；分散(思想)；使分心→________ adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的
6．________ adj.真实的，真正的→________ n．现实；真实
7．________ vt.激励；刺激→________ n．刺激
8．________ vt.使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉；使失去信心→________ adj.沮丧的；忧愁的
9．________ adj.粗鲁的→________ adv.粗鲁地→________ n．粗鲁
10．________ vt.安排，确定(时间、地点)→________ n．约定；约会
11．________ vi. & vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→________ n．诉苦；抱怨；投诉，控告
12．________ vi. & n．闲谈，闲聊→________ vi.唠叨，喋喋不休
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
将汉语译成相应的英文短语
1．________________ 在社交媒体上发表最新信息
2．________________ 与某人交往
3．________________ 感到孤独
4．________________ 远不止；远远超出(非正式)
5．________________ 一个害羞或含蓄的人
6．________________ 接通电源(也表示上网)
7．________________ 表面上
8．________________ 心神不定的，精神无法集中的
9．________________ 把人们联系得更加紧密
10．________________ 事实上
11．________________ 打算做某事
12．________________ 关注，注意
13．________________ 追逐；追赶
14．________________ 做某事花费一些时间
15．________________ 接听电话
将英文短语译成汉语
1．in the shower ________________
2．check through ________________
3．all over again ________________
4．a million miles away ________________
5．obsess over ________________
6．on my account ________________
7．set deadlines for oneself ________________
8．rather than ________________
9．drag sb. away from ________________
10．be desperate to do sth. ________________
11．feel depressed ________________
12．after all ________________
课文研析·语篇理解
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．When does the author live without checking through his social networking apps
A．In a shower.
B．On the way to school.
C．Having a coffee.
D．Having a sound sleep.
2．What can we know about the author
A．He has lots of friends online.
B．He is a reserved person.
C．He never attends parties.
D．He never feels lonely.
3．What does Mark do on social media every day
A．Send text messages to his parents.
B．Discuss homework with his friends.
C．Download songs that he likes very much.
D．Post updates on social media.
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Mark is addicted to social media.
B．Social media affects Mark's study.
C．Social networking dominates Mark's life in many ways.
D．Mark can't give up his phone.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Mark lives in a university dorm with a couple of great roommates and he often associates 1.________ his friends online. Yet he still feels lonely. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier 2.________ (make) friends online than it is “in real life”. On the surface, they have an active social life but they are always 3.________ (distract). Phones bring people closer together but in 4.________ (real), their minds are always a million 5.________ (mile) away.
Social networking 6.________ (dominate) Mark's life in so many ways, which makes 7.________ hard for him to concentrate on his study. He downloads song after song, video after video, but isn't truly enjoying it. He constantly feels 8.________ (depress), dissatisfied and alone. Since he spends so much time 9.________ (socialise) online, he keeps delaying things that are important in his real life.
10．________ is really worrying is that no one Mark knows could go cold turkey. He can't even imagine going without social networking for a week.
教材助读·开放课堂
[教材原文]
Mark never stops socialising① with his friends online. But he's also never felt more alone 【1】．
【1】本句使用了“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义。
Where am I What am I doing If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know. My phone and laptop② are never out of touching distance③， so I'm constantly④ posting updates on social media—whether I'm having a coffee, on my way to⑤ school, watching TV... even when I'm in the shower⑥ 【2】. As soon as I open my eyes in the morning, I check through⑦ all my social networking⑧ apps⑨， read my emails and answer text messages⑩. I do the same thing all over again while I'm having breakfast.
【2】本句为连词so连接的并列句，表示因果关系。whether引导的让步状语从句(whether I'm having...watching TV...)和when引导的时间状语从句(when I'm in the shower)是对I'm constantly posting updates on social media作进一步说明。
I live in a university dorm with a couple of great roommates. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online. Yet the truth of the matter is: I feel lonely.
I'm barely the only person who feels this way. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life” 【3】. I'm way beyond a shy or reserved person, but I'm wired up every day, like most of my friends. On the surface ， I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I'm always distracted . They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality ， my mind is always a million miles away 【4】. I obsess over exactly how many followers I have on my account ， but I can't remember the birthdays of some of my oldest mates .
【3】画线部分属于“find＋it＋adj.＋to do”结构，本句中it是形式宾语，不定式短语是真正的宾语。
【4】本句为but连接的并列复合句。that phones...together为that引导的宾语从句。
Social networking dominates my life in so many ways. Sometimes I set deadlines for myself: I will start doing my homework at 8 pm, and aim to finish in two hours. At 7.50 pm, I'm still scrolling through my friends' silly posts and photos. Before I know it, it's 9.30 pm and I still haven't moved an inch from the sofa. I download song after song, video after video, but I'm not really paying attention. The stimulation is in chasing after the next song rather than truly enjoying it. My friends try to drag me away from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I'm desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides 【5】．
【5】本句为but连接的并列句。第二分句中，as soon as引导时间状语从句，that引导的定语从句(that it provides)修饰先行词activity。
I constantly feel depressed ， dissatisfied and alone. Since I spend so much time socialising online, I keep delaying things that are important in my real life: homework, tasks, connecting with my friends and family members in a meaningful way 【6】. It's funny that my friends and I chatter away online so much, but we end up having nothing to say when we meet.
【6】这是一个复合句。Since引导原因状语从句，that引导定语从句，修饰things，冒号后的内容解释说明things的具体内容。
A few days ago, I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. My best friend left the table for 30 minutes because he had to take a call. Some spent the dinner bending over their phones, texting friends online but ignoring the ones who sat right in front of them 【7】. And the extraordinary thing is nobody thought this was rude ; it's just how life is nowadays. On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone. When it was charged, she just spent hours reading about her favourite popstar; not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window 【8】．
【7】现在分词短语bending over their phones, texting...online，ignoring...front of them作方式状语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the ones。
【8】此处为否定词not＋once位于句首引起的部分倒装。
What is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey 【9】. I can't even imagine going without social networking for a week—think of all the important appointments ， invitations and news updates you would miss! Alcoholics who want to quit drinking can avoid booze ， but how do we give up our phones After all, I need it for my studies because my teachers and classmates need to contact me at any time.
So, that's the problem with social networking. We're hard-wired in, but we're more disconnected than everB51.
【9】本句主干为主系表结构。What引导主语从句，that引导表语从句，省略关系代词的定语从句I know修饰one。
[汉语译文]
马克从未间断与朋友们的网上交往。但他却也从未感到如此孤独。
我在哪里？我在做什么？如果你是我的500个网友之一，你总会第一个知道。我的手机和笔记本电脑一直在触手可及的地方，所以我(可以)不断地在社交媒体上发表最新信息——无论是在喝咖啡，上学的路上，看电视……甚至在洗澡的时候。早上一睁开眼，我就会立刻查看所有社交网络应用程序，阅读电子邮件并回复短信。我在吃早餐的时候会再做一遍这些事情。
我和几个很好的室友一起住在大学宿舍里。我不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。然而事实却是：我感到孤独。
我不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人。研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人认为在网上交朋友比“在现实生活中”交朋友更容易。我远非一个害羞或内向的人，但是我每天都在网上，像我大多数的朋友一样。从表面上看，我的社交生活很丰富。我参加派对和体育运动，但总是不能专心。他们说手机让人们联系更加紧密，但实际上，我的思绪总是飞到十万八千里之外。我惦记自己的账户有多少人关注，但却记不住一些老朋友的生日。
社交网络在很多方面都控制着我的生活。有时我会为自己设定截止时间：我要在晚上8点开始做我的家庭作业，并且要在两小时内完成。晚上7：50，我还在浏览朋友们发的无聊帖子和照片。等我意识到的时候已经是晚上9：30了，我还在沙发上坐着一动没动。我下载一首又一首歌曲，一个又一个视频，但其实并不在意。我的兴奋点是寻找下一首歌而不是真正欣赏音乐。朋友们试图让我远离手机，但是我一旦独自一人，就会不顾一切地回到网络世界和网上紧张的活动中。
我经常感到沮丧、不满和孤独。因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情：家庭作业、任务、以有意义的方式和家人、朋友联系。有趣的是，我和朋友们经常在网上聊得热火朝天，但见面时却无话可说。
几天前，我和一些朋友出去吃晚饭。我最好的朋友因为接听电话而离席30分钟。有些人整个晚餐都在埋头看手机，给网上的朋友发短信，却忽略了就坐在他们面前的人。不可思议的是没有人认为这不礼貌。这就是现在的生活。去年夏天一次全家度假，我妹妹一直抱怨说她的手机需要充电。手机充上电后，她又花了数小时浏览她最喜欢的流行音乐歌星的消息，一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。
真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能戒掉互联网。我甚至无法想象一周没有社交网络的生活——想想你会错过的所有重要约会、邀请和新闻更新！想要戒酒的酗酒者可以避免饮酒，但我们如何杜绝手机呢？毕竟，我需要用它来学习，因为我的老师和同班同学需要随时与我联系。
所以，这就是社交网络的问题。我们被网络连接，但却比以往更加疏远。
[词汇注释]
①socialise/'s la z/ vi.
交友；交际；交往
socialise with与……交往
②laptop/'l pt p/ n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑
③touching distance触手可及的距离
④constantly/'k nst ntli/
adv.持续不断地
⑤on one's way to在去……的路上
⑥in the shower在洗澡
⑦check through查看
⑧social networking社交网络
⑨app/ p/ n．应用程序
⑩answer text messages
回复短信
dorm/d m/ n．寝室，学生宿舍
a university dorm大学宿舍
flow/fl / n．流动 vi.流，流动
associate with与某人交往
associate/ 's ie t/ vt.
与某人交往
barely/'be li/ adv.几乎不
way beyond远不止，远远超出
reserved/r 'z vd/ adj.
含蓄的；内敛的
a reserved person含蓄的人
wired/wa d/ adj.联网的；极其兴奋的
be wired up接通电源(此处表示“上网”)
on the surface表面上
distracted/d 'str kt d/
adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的
reality/ri' l ti/ n．现实；真实
in reality事实上
million/'m lj n/ n．百万
obsess over对……过分担心
obsess/ b'ses/ vt.使迷恋
on one's account在某人的账户上
mate/me t/ n．朋友，伙伴
dominate/'d m ne t/ vi. & vt.主宰，支配，控制
dominate one's life支配/控制某人的生活
deadline/'dedlɑ n/ n．截止日期，最后期限
set deadlines for oneself
为某人自己设定截止时间
aim to do sth.打算做某事
scroll/skr l/ vi.上下滚动
scroll through浏览……
inch/ nt / n．英寸
move an inch动一动
stimulation/'st mj 'le n/ n．刺激
chase/t e s/ vi. & vt.
努力赢得 n．追逐，追赶
chase after寻找……
rather than 而不是
drag sb. away from让某人远离……
desperate/'desp r t/ adj.拼命的；绝望的
be desperate to do sth.
渴望做某事
intense/in'tens/ adj.紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的
an intense activity剧烈的活动
depressed/d 'prest/ adj.沮丧的，忧愁的
feel depressed感到沮丧的
delay/d 'le / vi. & vt.
推迟，延期
keep delaying sth.一直推迟某事
chatter away喋喋不休
chatter/'t t / vi.唠叨，喋喋不休 n．唠叨；(动物的)啁啾声
chatter about谈论
end up doing sth.以做某事告终
go out for出去……
bend/bend/ vi. & vt.
弯腰；俯身
bend over one's phone
低头看手机
extraordinary/ k'str d n ri/
adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的
rude/ru d/ adj.无礼的
complain/k m'ple n/
vi. & vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚
complain that ...
抱怨说……
go cold turkey (俚语)放弃做某事，戒掉坏习惯
appointment/ 'p intm nt/ n．约定；约会
alcoholic/ lk 'h l k/
n．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者
adj.(含)酒精的
quit doing sth.停止做某事；放弃做某事
booze/bu z/ n．酒
avoid booze避免饮酒
hard-wired/hɑ dwa d/ adj.硬件控制的；天生的
be hard-wired in 被网络连接
[51]than ever比以往
than usual比平时
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．constantly adv.持续不断地；经常地　constant adj.持续不断的；经常的；不变的
(教材原句)．..so I'm constantly posting updates on social media...
……所以我可以不断地在社交媒体上发表最新信息……
As I walked through the town, I was constantly reminded of my childhood.
当我步行穿过这座城镇时，我不断回忆起我的童年。
[学法点拨]　constantly用于进行时时，表示重复的动作，常含有厌烦、赞扬等感彩。
I'm constantly telling him to behave himself.
我不断地告诉他要守规矩。
a constant increase 持续增长
a constant stream of visitors 络绎不绝的游客
keep at a constant speed 保持匀速行驶
keep in constant contact with 一直与……保持联系
He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia.他在澳大利亚时一直和家人保持着联系。
[比较]　constant/continuous
·constant“不断的，经常的”，强调始终如一地经常出现；
·continuous“不停的，连续不断的”，强调中间不停顿。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We are ________ (constant) being reminded to cut down our fat intake.
②These machines are ________ (constant) updated by improving the design of the computers.
选词填空：constant/continuous
③________ arguing doesn't make for a happy marriage.
④On holidays, we can see a ________ line of cars on highways.
⑤Our homes and offices need a ________ supply of electricity
2．flow n. & vi.流，流动
(教材原句)I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online.
我总是不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。
There is a steady flow of traffic in the morning.(a flow of源源不断的)早上有川流不息的来往车辆。
She lost control and the tears began to flow.
她禁不住泪如泉涌。
There was a block in the pipe and the water couldn't flow away.管子内有阻塞物，水无法流走。
The long line of cars flowed to the airport.
长长的汽车队伍向机场驶去。
[拓展]　
flow
flow
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①After the concert the people flowed ________ of the hall.
②We ought to channel this street so that water can flow ________ easily.
③On the night of National Day, crowds of people flowed ________ the park to watch the fireworks.
3．associate v．与某人交往；联想，联合　association n．协会；社团；联想；联系；交往
associate with sb. 与某人交往
associate...with... 把……跟……联系起来
be associated with 与……有联系
in association with 与……有关联；与……联合
They associate with all the right people socially.
在社交中他们和所有正直的人结交。
We should associate ourselves with this large firm.
我们应该和这家大公司联合。
The doctor was associated in the child's mind with injections and pains.在孩子的心里，医生与打针和疼痛有联系。
We are working in association with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless.
我们与一些本地公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。
[归纳拓展]　与……有关系/有联系
be　　be
have something to do with
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①These symptoms are particularly ________ (associate) with headaches.
②The council is working ________ association with the Department of Education.
③A man's character can be measured by the types of men ________ whom he associates.
④We shall help each other as far as we can while our business ________ (associate) lasts.
⑤French bread has had positive ________ (association) for me ever since I went on holiday to France.
4．barely adv.几乎不；刚刚，勉强可能
(教材原句)I'm barely the only person who feels this way.
我不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人。
The islanders could barely survive without an export crop.
没有出口作物，这个岛上的居民几乎无法生存。
had barely done sth. when/before... 一……就……；刚刚……就……
I had barely started speaking when he interrupted me.
我刚刚开始讲话，他便打断了我。
I had barely said my name before he led me to the interview room.我刚说出我的名字，他就带我到面谈室去了。
[学法点拨]　表示否定意义的副词barely/hardly/scarcely/rarely位于句首时，句子要使用部分倒装。
Barely had we set off when we realised we'd left the dog behind.我们刚出发就想起我们把狗落在家里了。
[误区警示]　barely与when/before连用表示“一……就……”时，主句多用过去完成时，而从句则用一般过去时。barely一般位于实义动词之前，系动词或助动词之后。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He had barely rested ________ he was called out again.
②He took ________ (bare) enough money to keep the children in bread.
③Barely had he arrived when she ________ (start) complaining.
完成句子
④He ______________________________ (当时只有20岁) and already running his own company.
⑤________________________________ (他刚打开门) when a burst of wind blew the candle.
5．reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的；保留的；预订的　reserve n．保护区；储藏(量)　vt.预订；保留　reservation n．预订；保留意见
(教材原句)I'm way beyond a shy or reserved person, but I'm wired up every day, like most of my friends.
我远非一个害羞和含蓄的人，但是我每天都在网上，我的朋友们大多也是如此。
They are no longer so shy and reserved as they used to be.
他们不再像从前那样羞怯矜持了。
Even though I'm quite a reserved person, I like meeting people.我虽然性格极为内敛，但喜欢和人接触。
I'll ask a waitress to show you to your reserved table.
我将叫一名服务员带您去您预订的桌子。
a nature reserve 自然保护区
in reserve 储备，备用
reserve sth. for... 为……预订/保留某物
reserve one's judgement (on sth.) 保留某人(对某事)的看法
make a reservation 预订(房间、票)；预约
express reservations about 就……持保留意见
without reservation 毫无保留地
It is advisable to keep a little food in reserve in case of emergency.储备少许食物以备不时之需是明智的。
I'll call the restaurant and make a reservation.
我要给餐厅打个电话预订座位。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Seats, or sometimes entire tables, ________ (reserve).
②These seats are reserved ________ the elderly and women with babies.
③British men are often seen as being ________ (reserve) and unemotional.
④He went to the desk to inquire and make a ________ (reserve).
⑤We will be keeping our new product ________ reserve until the launch date.
完成句子
⑥I think you should __________________________ (为……留一些钱) your retirement.
⑦They accepted the proposal __________________________ (毫无保留地).
6．distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的　distract vt.分散；转移；分心　distraction n．分心
(教材原句)I attend parties and play sports but I'm always distracted.我也参加派对和体育运动，但总是不能专心。
When working, one should concentrate and not allow himself to be distracted.工作时要集中精力，不要分心。
distract...from 转移；使从……分心
be distracted by 被……搞得思想不集中
without distraction 不受干扰地
drive sb. to distraction 使某人精力分散；使心烦意乱
The noise distracted me from concentration.
这噪声使我不能专心。
She was distracted at the news.
她因听到那消息而精神错乱。
The children are driving me to distraction today.
今天孩子们闹得我心烦意乱。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They want to treat ________ (distract) driving like drunk driving.
②The noise made by the children outside distracted me ________ my reading.
③I study in the library as there are too many ________ (distraction) at home.
7．reality n．现实；真实；事实
(教材原句)．..but in reality, my mind is always a million miles away.……但实际上，我的思绪总是飞到十万八千里之外。
face/accept reality 面对/接受现实
escape from reality 逃避现实
become a reality 成为现实
make sth. a reality 使某事成为现实
in reality (＝in fact/as a matter of fact)
实际上，事实上
The reality is that... 实际情况是……
I have to put aside fear and face reality.
我必须抛开恐惧，面对现实。
Mr Green is a professor in name but not in reality.
格林先生是徒有虚名的教授。
The reality is that there is not enough money to pay for this project.实际情况是没有足够的钱为这个项目支付。
[拓展]　real adj.真实的；真的
really adv.确实；真正地；事实上
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Many of these books are far removed from the ________ (real) of the children's lives.
②These are problems we must expect if flying cars become ________ reality.
③You can't ________ (real) expect me to believe you didn't know him.
④It seems as if he knew everything, but ________ reality, he is as stupid as one can be.
8．obsess v．使迷恋；使心神不宁　obsessed adj.着迷的；受……困扰的　obsession n．沉迷；困扰)
(教材原句)I obsess over exactly how many followers I have on my account...
我总是惦记自己的账户有多少人关注……
obsess over 对……过分担心/着迷
be obsessed by 被……迷住；迷恋/痴迷……
obsess about 唠叨；挂牵；念念不忘
be obsessed with sb. 痴迷某人
become an obsession 变得着迷
have an obsession with sth. 迷恋某物
Stop obsessing over your hair. It looks fine.
别再过于担心你的头发了，它看上去很好。
She wasn't in love with Steve. She was obsessed by him physically.她并没有爱上史蒂夫，只是被他的外表迷住了。
I think you should stop obsessing about food.
我看你关于吃的东西应该停止唠叨。
Don't let this interest of yours become an obsession.
不要让你的这个兴趣迷了心窍。
He thinks all women have an obsession with shoes.
他认为所有女人都迷恋鞋子。
[拓展]　The fear of death obsessed her throughout her old age.
她晚年一直受到死亡恐惧的困扰。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The idea that he might lose the position ________ (obsess) him.
②I am really crazy about English, just like you ________ (obsess) by Chinese.
③Make sure your child doesn't obsess ________ social networking.
④He is obsessed ________ computers.
⑤The media's ________ (obsess) with the young prince continues.
9．dominate vi. & vt.主宰，支配，控制；占优势；占据主动
(教材原句)Social networking dominates my life in so many ways.
社交网络在很多方面都控制着我的生活。
dominate the conversation 左右/主导着交谈的内容
be dominated by 受……控制；由……支配
dominate the news 成了最重要新闻
dominate the world 支配这个世界
dominate one's life 左右着某人的生活
dominate sb. 控制/支配某人
The outgoing man tended to dominate the conversation.
这个外向的男人往往左右着谈话的内容。
They had the ambition to dominate this small country.
他们有控制这个小国的野心。
The industry is dominated by five multinational companies.这个行业受五家跨国公司控制。
Fathers have the power to dominate children and young people.父辈们有能力支配孩子们和年轻人的生活。
[拓展]　dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；占优势的
domination n．支配
a dominant position举足轻重的地位
the dominant feature of the room房间的显著特点
become dominant开始占据优势
the domination of对……的支配
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①At one time this view ________ (dominate) all over the academic circles.
②Food webs may ________ (dominate) by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.
③The company has struggled to maintain its ________ (dominate) in the marketplace.
④The boy was brought up by his mother, who had a ________ (dominate) influence on his life.
10．deadline n．截止日期，最后期限
(教材原句)Sometimes I set deadlines for myself...
有时我会为自己设定截止时间……
meet the deadline 赶上最后期限；按期完成
set the deadline 规定最后期限
extend the deadline 延长期限
put off the deadline 推迟最后期限
miss the deadline 错过最后期限；错过截止时间
You've got to extend the deadline to finish the job properly.
你得延长最后期限才能妥善完成这项工作。
They had to work against the clock to meet the deadline.
他们必须加速工作才能赶在最后期限内做完。
The boss will punish you if you miss the deadline for the job.要是你到期完不成工作，老板就会惩罚你。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Can the deadline ________ (extend) for a few more days
②Next Friday is ________ deadline for applicants to submit their photos and résumés.
完成句子
③If we can't ______________________ (按期完成), they won't give us another contract.
④You will be fined if you __________________________ (错过最后期限).
11．chase v．努力赢得；追捕，追求；追赶　n．追逐，追赶；追捕；狩猎
(教材原句)The stimulation is in chasing after the next song rather than truly enjoying it.
我的兴奋点是寻找下一首歌而不是真正欣赏音乐。
chase after 追逐；追求
chase sb./sth. away/off 赶走；驱逐
chase down 寻找，追踪到
Chase after your dream major with all your energy, no matter what other people think.
不管别人怎么想，用你所有的精力去追求你梦想的专业。
The dog ran into the garden and chased the birds away.
狗跑进了花园，赶跑了那些鸟。
There was a long chase before the criminal was caught.
经过长时间的追捕，这名罪犯才落网。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We are trying to chase ________ all possible clues to the theft.
②He said nothing to journalists, who chased ________ him as he left.
完成句子
③I will never cease to ______________ (追逐我的梦想).
④He ________ all his friends ________ (把……赶走) and no one visited him anymore.
12．desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的；极渴望的；极严重的　desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地；极严重地　desperation n．绝望；拼命)
(教材原句)．..but as soon as I'm alone again, I'm desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides.……但是一旦我独自一人，就会不顾一切地回到网络世界和网上紧张的活动中。
be desperate to do sth. 极想做某事
be desperate for 极度渴望
make a desperate attempt to do sth. 孤注一掷做某事
in desperate need of love 非常需要爱
suffer a desperate shortage of water 严重缺水
a sense of desperation 绝望感
in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地
I was absolutely desperate to see her.我极想见到她。
The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.
这个在沙漠中迷失方向的人极度渴望(得到)水。
For the first time in her life Jennifer was obsessed with a sense of desperation.詹妮弗有生以来第一次被一种绝望感所困扰。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He was so desperate ________ a job that he would have something to do.
②I ran ________ (desperate) but failed to catch up.
③In ________ (desperate), Mrs White submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.
④He was so desperate ________ (find) a job to support his family that he dropped out of school.
13．delay vi. & vt.推迟，延期　n．耽搁；延期；推迟)
(教材原句)Since I spend so much time socialising online, I keep delaying things that are important in my real life...
因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以我一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情……
(1)delay doing sth. 推迟做某事
(2)without delay 立即，马上
make no delay 没有推迟
(a/the) delay in (doing) sth. 延迟(做)某事
They decide to have more workers for the project so that it won't be delayed.
他们决定为这项工程增派工人，这样工程就不会被推迟了。
Don't delay replying to his e-mail, for it is a little urgent.
不要延迟回复他的电子邮件，因为事情有点儿紧急。
All these measures must be carried through without delay.所有这些措施必须立即实施。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The chairman accused the committee of the delay ________ passing his programme.
②They claimed that such ________ delay wouldn't hurt anyone.
③Research shows that the older people become, the less likely they are to delay ________ (do) their work until the last minute.
完成句子
④Problems, if any, __________________________________ (应被立即解决).
14．extraordinary adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的；非凡的　extraordinarily adv. 非常，格外)
(教材原句)And the extraordinary thing is nobody thought this was rude...不可思议的是没有人认为这不礼貌……
a woman of extraordinary beauty 一个容貌出众的女子
an extraordinary
extraordinary patience/success 非凡的耐心/成功
It is/was extraordinary that... ……实属罕见。
The task requires extraordinary patience and endurance.
这项任务需要非凡的耐心和忍耐力。
George has made extraordinary progress in his study of Chinese medicine.乔治在他的中医学习方面取得了惊人的进步。
It is very extraordinary that I should meet him here.
很奇怪，我在这儿竟然碰上他了。
The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.
那天清晨，大海出奇地平静。(副词修饰形容词)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The rules are simple but the play is ________ (extraordinary) complex.
②________ is extraordinary that the American girl Jenny speaks Chinese so fluently.
完成句子
③The child possessed ________________________ (非凡的记忆力)—he can remember so many stories.
④________________________________ (实属罕见) he should take charge of such a big company.
15．complain vi. & vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚　complaint n．抱怨；投诉
(教材原句)On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone.去年夏天一次全家度假，我妹妹一直抱怨说她的手机需要充电。
(1)complain (to sb.) about... (向某人)抱怨……
complain (to sb.) that... (向某人)抱怨……
(2)a letter of complaint 投诉信
a flood of complaints 大量的投诉
make a complaint to sb. (about sth.) 向某人抱怨(某事)
have a complaint (against sb.) (对某人)有意见/不满
He never complained about working overtime.
他从来不因加班而抱怨。
She complained to me about his rude behaviour.
她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。
Mrs Jones complained to the doctor that her back always hurt.
琼斯太太向医生抱怨她背部老是痛。
She expressed her disgust at the programme by writing a letter of complaint.她写了封投诉信，表示对这个节目的反感。
We received a flood of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.
我们收到了来自顾客的许多投诉，抱怨缺乏停车设施。
[说明]　complain 的后面不能直接跟sb.作宾语，须先加介词to。类似的词还有explain, announce等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He will complain ________ having to do so much paperwork.
②Why don't you make a ________ (complain) against your noisy neighbours
③My complaint is ________ we can't go out on the racecourse anymore.
④There have been a number of ________ (complaint) about the standard of service on Britain's railways.
完成句子
⑤他总是向我抱怨有压力的生活。
He always ________________________ the stressful life.
16．appointment n．约定；约会；任命　appoint vt.任命，委派；指定，约定　appointed adj.指定的，约定的
(教材原句)… think of all the important appointments, invitations and news updates you would miss!
……想想你会错过的所有重要约会、邀请和新闻更新！
an appointment letter 任命书
by appointment 按照约定
have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约
break/keep an appointment 爽约/守约
make an appointment 预约
appoint sb. to be... 任命某人担任……
appoint sb. as... 任命某人为……
at the appointed time 在约定的时间
appoint sb.
She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.
她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。
He will only see visitors by appointment.他只根据预约会客。
The chairman had thought very deeply about the question of your appointment.主席曾经对你的任命问题深深思考过。
I have an appointment with Mr Wang, the manager.
我跟王经理有约。
We appointed him to be the president of the club.
我们任命他为俱乐部主席。
He was appointed as captain of the team.他被指定为队长。
[语境助记]　Ten minutes before the appointed time, he sat nervously outside her office.离约定时间还有十分钟，他紧张地坐在她的办公室外面。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The ________ (appoint) hour of the ceremony was drawing nearer.
②I am coming to your company for an interview ________ appointment.
③I reminded him of the ________ (appoint), but he didn't make any response.
④To his joy, he ________ (appoint) as president. After all ，this represented his ability.
⑤She was appointed ________ (be) the manager of the sales department.
完成句子
⑥He ________________________ (被委任为) the ambassador of the United Nations last year.
第二版块|重要短语
1．end up doing sth.以做某事告终
(教材原句)It's funny that my friends and I chatter away online so much, but we end up having nothing to say when we meet.有趣的是，我和朋友们经常在网上聊得热火朝天，但见面时却无话可说。
end up
end in 以……结束/告终
come to an end 结束
put/bring
You could end up running this company if you play your cards right.你要是处理得当，到头来这个公司能归你掌管。
The party ended up with the singing of Auld Lang Syne.
聚会以《友谊地久天长》的歌声而告终。
You'll end up in hospital if you drive your car like that.
如果你那样开车，早晚得进医院。
They managed to end up as partners in their new business.他们最终成了新公司的合伙人。
[语境助记]　
No further discussions arising, the meeting was brought to an end.没有做进一步的讨论，会议就结束了。(“主语＋现在分词”构成的独立主格结构)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Stop spending so fast, or you'll end up ________ a beggar.
②The time has come to put an end ________ the conflict.
③After the exam, all the lessons in school also came to ________ end.
④She started as a secretary but ended up ________ (run) the department.
⑤You can end up ________ what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.
⑥Despite winning the title, their last campaign ended ________ great disappointment.
2．go cold turkey放弃做某事，快速戒掉坏习惯)
(教材原句)What is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey.
真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能戒掉互联网。
[说明]　
go cold turkey[俚语]指突然而彻底戒毒(或戒酒、戒烟等不需要缓冲期)坏习惯。如：
He went cold turkey after he was thrown in the slammer (＝prison) for possessions of snow.
他因藏有可卡因被抓进监狱，后来就戒毒了。
[即学即练]　完成句子(用上 go cold turkey)
①If students can manage without A/C in the heat of examinations, could not the rest of population ________________________ (关上空调) once in a while
②Everyone has their own way of kicking bad habits, and you can either choose ____________________________ (快速戒掉) or ease off it slowly.
③But the day a good friend of mine died of lung cancer, I decided ________________________ (立刻戒烟) and never light up another cigarette.
第三版块|典型句式
1．the first (＋n.)＋to do 第一个做……的……
(教材原句)If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know.
如果你是我的500个网友之一，你总会第一个知道。
不定式作后置定语　序数词或被序数词及形容词最高级等修饰的名词后通常用不定式作定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
He is the best man to do the job.他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
[归纳拓展]　
①不定式作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，与被修饰词之间可有主谓、动宾或同位关系。
②不定式与被修饰词存在动宾关系时，如果不定式中是不及物动词，则后面应有相应的介词。
③the first、the second、the last、the best、the only thing、the next等常接不定式作定语。
William is the last person to tell a lie.
威廉是最不可能说谎的人。
④常接不定式作定语的名词或不定代词有 ability、ambition、chance、attempt、decision、moment、need、opportunity、plan、promise、reason、time、way、something、anything、nothing等。
This will be a good opportunity to exchange experience.
这将是一个交流经验的好机会。
I tried to give her something to drink but she couldn't keep it down.我试图让她喝点儿什么，但她咽不下去。
[易错提醒]　
名词前尽管有序数词修饰，但后面也可以用过去分词短语作定语，表示被动和动作已经发生。
the first student sent abroad for further education第一个被派往国外深造的学生
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①You will be the first expert ________ (make) a speech.
②The girl is the best person ________ (finish) the whole work.
③Every day he made one of the animals bring him something ________ (eat).
④You can ask that girl standing there for she is the third ________ (reach) the spot.
⑤It was the first laptop ________ (buy) by my father when in college.
完成句子
⑥He was lucky to get the good ________________________ (去国外深造的机会).
⑦She is ____________________ (第一个工作的女性) in the desert.
2．否定副词(＋状语)位于句首引起的部分倒装
(教材原句)．..not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。
Not once did he talk to me.他一次也没有和我谈过。
Little does he realise how important this meeting is.
他没有意识到这个会议的重要性。
Hardly does she have time to have a cup of tea with her friends.她几乎没时间和她的朋友们一起喝茶。
[归纳拓展]　
(1)当含有否定意义的副词或短语置于句首时，句子须用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词、be动词移至主语之前。这样的副词或短语有：
·全部否定意义的副词：never、not、neither、nor、nowhere等
·部分否定意义的副词：hardly、scarcely、rarely、seldom、little等
·“决不”短语：at no time、by no means、in no case、in no way、on no condition、under/in no circumstances、on no account等
Seldom does he do work at home.他很少在家工作。
Nowhere else can you find such diverse culture.
你在其他任何地方都找不到如此多样化的文化。
In no case should you spend all your savings before retiring.在任何情况下你都不应该在退休前花光所有的积蓄。
(2)no only...but also...连接并列分句且not only置于句首时，not only后的分句要用部分倒装，but also后的分句不倒装。
(3)hardly...when..., no sooner...than...连接的句子，如果hardly, no sooner置于句首，则主句用部分倒装，从句不倒装。
Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down.我们刚一开始攀登就下起雪来了。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Never ________ you achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
②By no means should he ________ (leave) alone.
③Not only ________ he speak more correctly, but he spoke more fluently.
完成句子
④Never ________________________ (我看到过) such a beautiful vase before.
⑤On no condition ________________________________ (你该忘记) you are a Chinese.
⑥Seldom ________________________ (她丧失信心) when she is in trouble.
⑦I will never know what was on his mind at the time, _____________________________ (其他任何人也不会知道).
3．What... is that...句式
(教材原句)What is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey.真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能够戒掉互联网。
What makes this shop different is that it offers more personalised services.
这家商店的不同之处在于它提供更多的个性化服务。
What he is worried about is that his son has been addicted to playing computer games.
他担心的是他的儿子一直沉溺于电脑游戏。
[误区警示]　
(1)what 引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语、表语、宾语等；而that 引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当成分，也无具体意思，只起连接作用。
What gets him surprised is that all of them are in favour of him.令他吃惊的是他们都支持他。
That she dislikes studying makes her mother worried.
她不喜欢学习使她妈妈很担心。
(2)what引导的主语从句＋单数谓语动词＋其他(√)
what引导的主语从句＋复数连系动词＋可数名词复数作表语(√)
[说明]　
(1)What... is that...句式中， what引导主语从句， that引导表语从句。
(2)what引导名词性从句(包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)时，它在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补。
What causes this accident is not clear.
(在从句中作主语)
What we liked most was his laughter.
(在从句中作宾语)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The millionaire has no friends around him because ________ he cares about most is only money.
②What makes the school famous is ________ more than 80% of the students have been admitted to universities.
③________ she can't stand is that her life as an accountant is too stressful.
完成句子
④______________________________ (最令我们吃惊的是) is that he should have backed out of the project.
⑤______________________________ (令我们兴奋的是) is ________________ (我们要去野餐) this weekend.
4．find＋宾语(it)＋宾语补足语(＋真正宾语)
(教材原句)According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”．研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人发现在网上交朋友比在“现实生活中”交朋友更容易。
[句式分析]　“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”可以归纳为“6123结构”：
6指的是6个常见动词：think、believe、make、find、consider、feel
1指唯一的形式宾语：it
We find it helpful to do some reading every day.
我们发现每天读些书很有帮助。
2指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词(词组)
I find it interesting to learn English.
我发现学英语很有趣。
The young man found it a hard problem to think about.
这个年轻人发现这是一个很难思考的问题。
3指真正的宾语的3种形式：不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)和that从句
We found it quite pleasant to work with him.
我们发现跟他一起工作很愉快。
I think it no use telling them.我认为告诉他们没用。
I found it strange that she had not come yet.
她竟然还没来，我发现这一点很奇怪。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①While libraries still loan out books, you'll find it easier ________ (get) a copy of whatever you're looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries.
②And you might find ________ relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
③I keep practicing even when I'm extremely tired. I find it hard ________ (stop)!
④I think it a hard job ________ we finish our homework on time.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She never ________ (抱怨), but she's obviously upset about this.
2．I made an ________ (约定) for my niece to see the doctor.
3．Many colleges now have ________ (联网的) dorms and it's more convenient for the college students.
4．The teacher told me not to speak to my mate Mary in class who was easily ________ (精神无法集中的).
5．As I look back on that day now, it surely lacks any sense of ________ (真实).
6．As a child, my mate David was ________ (主宰) by his father.
7．The ________ (截止日期) for applications is approaching, which makes me depressed.
8．My considerate niece attends to her mother who is ill ________ (持续不断地).
9．My nephew tried to stop the ________ (流动) of blood from the wound.
10．I don't like you ________ (与某人交往) with the guy who is always complaining.
11．The girl is so shy that she ________ (几乎不) associates with others.
12．He is very ________ (内敛的) and lacks the courage to deal with others.
13．The reserved young man felt ________ (沮丧的) for his future.
14．The flight to Beijing was ________ (推迟) because of the bad weather, which made her upset.
15．The old woman ________ (弯腰) forward to pick up the onions which lay on the ground.
16．It is ________ (令人惊奇的) that my nephew managed to sleep through the party.
17．My mate asked me to ________ (滚动) down to the bottom of the document.
18．The rude driver sped up suddenly on purpose to seek ________ (刺激).
19．Too many competitors signed up for the competition to ________ (努力赢得) the few jobs.
20．She held on to a tree in the flood in a ________ (拼命的) attempt to defend herself.
Ⅱ.短语填空
complain about, chase after, associate with, (be) obsessed by, song after song, in reality, chatter away
1．She seemed confident but ________________ she felt extremely nervous.
2．He is passionate about becoming a scientist and bravely ________________ his dream.
3．The outgoing girl loves singing. She sang ________________ in the KTV last night.
4．He went to see the manager and ______________ the rude behaviour of the waiter.
5．They ________________ excitedly about the presentation delivered by the educationalist.
6．I am more willing to ________________ those who have a sense of humour.
7．The girl is distracted in class and always ________________ the plot of the novel.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Some people — and I was one of them — believe that humorous ________ (complain) about the little problems of life make humour, and sometimes that is the case.
2．When feeling ________ (depress), I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories.
3．In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude ________ (eat) with your left hand.
4．To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your ________ (appoint).
5．I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ________ (constant) climbing the stairs could reopen the wound.
6．The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body ________ what the patient sees in his head.
7．Hello, we have a ________ (reserve) in the name of Mr. Johns. Is there any table by the window
8．The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual ________ (real).
9．Imagine that a police officer ________ (chase) a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can't let him get away.
10．My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway. I ran ________ (desperate) but failed to catch up.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．对于学生而言，没有比图书馆更好的学习场所了，所以我们在这里必须要保持安静。
As for students, ______________________________________________________， so we have to keep quiet here.(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义)
2．我发现在疲倦的时候很难集中精力工作。
__________________________________________ when I 'm tired.(find it＋adj.＋to do)
3．地球从太空中看起来是蓝色的，因为它表面的三分之二被广阔的海洋所覆盖。
The earth looks blue from space because _________________________________ the vast ocean.
4．她以前从未见过任何人打网球打得像罗伯特一样好。
__________________________________________ who could play tennis as well as Robert.(否定词位于句首引起部分倒装)
5．他们口头上吹嘘他们似乎完成了很多工作；但实际上，他们几乎没做什么。
They talked as if they had accomplished a lot, but ______________________________ they did very little.
6．他目前需要学会的是如何和别人交往。
__________________________________________ at present is how to associate with others.
Section D　Lesson 3　So Close, Yet So Far
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．million　2.dorm　3.mate　4.scroll　5.chase　6.bend
7．booze　8.delay　9.desperate
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．constant; constantly　2.bare; barely　3.reserve; reserved
4．wire; wired　5.distract; distracted　6.real; reality
7．stimulate; stimulation　8.depress; depressed
9．rude; rudely; rudeness　10.appoint; appointment
11．complain; complaint　12.chat; chatter
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．post updates on social media　2.associate with sb.　3.feel lonely　4.way beyond　5.a shy or reserved person　6.be wired up　7.on the surface　8.be distracted　9.bring people closer together　10.in reality　11.aim to do sth.　12.pay attention　13.chase after　14.spend some time (in) doing sth. 15．take a call
1．在洗澡　2.核对，查看　3.再一次，重新　4.十万八千里之外(表示虚指)　5.对……过分担心　6.在我的账户上　7.为某人自己设定截止时间　8.而不是　9.让某人远离……　10.渴望做某事　11.感到沮丧　12.毕竟，终究
课文研析·语篇理解
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．D　2.A　3.D　4.C
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．with　2.to make　3.distracted　4.reality　5.miles 6．dominates　7.it　8.depressed　9.socialising　10.What
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①constantly　②constantly　③Constant　④continuous　⑤continuous
2．①out　②away　③into
3．①associated　②in　③with　④association　⑤associations
4．①when/before　②barely　③started　④was barely 20 (years old)　⑤Barely had he opened the door/He had barely opened the door
5．①are reserved　②for　③reserved　④reservation　⑤in　⑥reserve some money for　⑦without reservation
6．①distracted　②from　③distractions
7．①reality　②a　③really　④in
8．①obsessed　②are obsessed　③over　④by　⑤obsession
9．①was dominating　②be dominated　③domination　④dominant
10．①be extended　②the　③meet the deadline　④miss the deadline
11．①down　②after　③chase after my dream
④chased; away
12．①for　②desperately　③desperation　④to find
13．①in　②a　③doing　④should be solved without delay
14．①extraordinarily　②It　③an extraordinary memory
④It is extraordinary that
15．①about　②complaint　③that　④complaints
⑤complains to me about/makes a complaint to me about
16．①appointed　②by　③appointment　④was appointed　⑤to be　⑥was appointed to be/as
第二版块|重要短语
1．①as 　②to　③an　④running　⑤with　⑥in
2．①go cold turkey　②to go cold turkey　③to go cold turkey
第三版块|典型句式
1．①to make　②to finish　③to eat　④to reach　⑤bought　⑥chance to go abroad for further study　⑦the first woman to work
2．①will　②be left　③did　④have I seen　⑤should you forget
⑥does she lose heart　⑦nor/neither will anyone else
3．①what　②that　③What　④What amazes us most
⑤What excites us; that we will have a picnic
4．①to get　②it　③to stop　④that
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．complains　2.appointment　3.wired　4.distracted
5．reality　6.dominated　7.deadline　8.constantly　9.flow　10.associating　11.barely　12.reserved　13.depressed
14．delayed　15.bent　16.extraordinary　17.scroll
18．stimulation　19.chase　20.desperate
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．in reality　2.chases after　3.song after song　4.complained about　5.chattered away　6.associate with　7.obsessed by
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：complaints　分析句子结构可知，此处是名词作从句主语，后面的谓语动词make决定了主语要用复数。句意：有些人——我就是其中之一——相信对生活中小问题的幽默抱怨会带来幽默，有时情况确实如此。
2．解析：depressed　修饰人用-ed形式的形容词。句意：当感到沮丧时，我常常选择欣赏小说的一部分，其中包括许多富有想象力的故事。
3．答案与解析：to eat　be considered rude to do sth.做某事被认为是粗鲁的。句意：在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常粗鲁的。
4．答案与解析：appointment　your后接名词。句意：当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你存在的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去赴约。
5．答案与解析：constantly　修饰动词climb应用副词，故填constantly。句意：我每天带狗出去四次，我担心蒂莉不断地爬楼梯会重新撕裂伤口。
6．解析： associate... with...把……和……联系起来。句意：重要的是，技术人员要将病人身体外发生的情况与病人在脑中看到的情况联系起来。
7．解析：　have a reservation有预约，为固定搭配。句意：您好，我们是以约翰斯先生的名义预定的。有靠窗的桌子吗？
8．解析：用名词作介词的宾语。句意：6G的速度将超过每秒125GB，使得新一代的虚拟现实技术成为可能。
9．解析：由语境可知，chase的动作正在进行，故要用现在进行时态。句意：想象一下，一个警察正在追赶一个小偷。小偷试图逃跑而警察不让他跑掉。
10．解析：修饰动词ran，要用副词。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心僵在了胸口。我拼命地跑，但没能追上。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．there is no better studying place than the library
2．I find it hard to focus on my work
3．two thirds of its surface is covered by
4．Never before had she seen anybody
5．in reality
6．What he needs to learn
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共196张PPT)
Section D Lesson 3 So Close, Yet So Far
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 百万
2．____________ n. 寝室，学生宿舍
3．____________ n. 朋友，伙伴
4．____________ vi. 上下滚动
5．____________ vi. & vt. 努力赢得 n. 追逐，追赶
6．____________ vi. & vt. 弯腰；俯身
7．____________ n. 酒
8．____________ vi. & vt. 推迟，延期
9．____________ adj. 拼命的；绝望的
million
dorm
mate
scroll
chase
bend
booze
delay　
desperate
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的→________ adv.持续不断地
2．________ adj.光秃秃的；赤裸的→________ adv.几乎不
3．________ vt.保留；预订→________ adj.含蓄的；内敛的
4．________ n．金属丝；金属线→________ adj.联网的；极其兴奋的
5．________ vt.转移(注意力)；分散(思想)；使分心→________ adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的
6．________ adj.真实的，真正的→________ n．现实；真实
constant
constantly　
bare
barely
reserve
reserved
wire
wired
distract
distracted　
real
reality
7．________ vt.激励；刺激→________ n．刺激
8．________ vt.使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉；使失去信心→________ adj.沮丧的；忧愁的
9．________ adj.粗鲁的→________ adv.粗鲁地→________ n．粗鲁
10．________ vt.安排，确定(时间、地点)→________ n．约定；约会
11．________ vi. & vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→________ n．诉苦；抱怨；投诉，控告
12．________ vi. & n．闲谈，闲聊→________ vi.唠叨，喋喋不休
stimulate
stimulation
depress
depressed
rude
rudely
rudeness　
appoint
appointment
complain
complaint
chat
chatter

post updates on social media
associate with sb.
feel lonely
way beyond
a shy or reserved person
be wired up　
7．________________ 表面上
8．________________ 心神不定的，精神无法集中的
9．_____________________ 把人们联系得更加紧密
10．________________ 事实上
11．_______________ 打算做某事
12．________________ 关注，注意
13．________________ 追逐；追赶
14．_________________________ 做某事花费一些时间
15．________________ 接听电话
on the surface
be distracted
bring people closer together
in reality　
aim to do sth.
pay attention
chase after
spend some time (in) doing sth.
take a call

在洗澡　
核对，查看
再一次，重新
十万八千里之外(表示虚指)　
对……过分担心
在我的账户上
7．set deadlines for oneself _____________________
8．rather than ________________
9．drag sb. away from ________________
10．be desperate to do sth. ________________
11．feel depressed ________________
12．after all ________________
为某人自己设定截止时间
而不是
让某人远离……　
渴望做某事
感到沮丧
毕竟，终究
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．When does the author live without checking through his social networking apps
A．In a shower.
B．On the way to school.
C．Having a coffee.
D．Having a sound sleep.
D
2．What can we know about the author
A．He has lots of friends online.
B．He is a reserved person.
C．He never attends parties.
D．He never feels lonely.
A
3．What does Mark do on social media every day
A．Send text messages to his parents.
B．Discuss homework with his friends.
C．Download songs that he likes very much.
D．Post updates on social media.
D
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Mark is addicted to social media.
B．Social media affects Mark's study.
C．Social networking dominates Mark's life in many ways.
D．Mark can't give up his phone.
C
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Mark lives in a university dorm with a couple of great roommates and he often associates 1.________ his friends online. Yet he still feels lonely. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier 2.________ (make) friends online than it is “in real life”. On the surface, they have an active social life but they are always 3.________ (distract). Phones bring people closer together but in 4.________ (real), their minds are always a million 5.________ (mile) away.
with
to make
distracted
reality
miles
Social networking 6.________ (dominate) Mark's life in so many ways, which makes 7.________ hard for him to concentrate on his study. He downloads song after song, video after video, but isn't truly enjoying it. He constantly feels 8.________ (depress), dissatisfied and alone. Since he spends so much time 9.________ (socialise) online, he keeps delaying things that are important in his real life.
10．________ is really worrying is that no one Mark knows could go cold turkey. He can't even imagine going without social networking for a week.
dominates
it
depressed　
socialising
What
[教材原文]
Mark never stops socialising① with his friends online. But he's also never felt more alone 【1】．
【1】本句使用了“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义。
Where am I What am I doing If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know. My phone and laptop② are never out of touching distance③， so I'm constantly④ posting updates on social media—whether I'm having a coffee, on my way to⑤ school, watching TV... even when I'm in the shower⑥ 【2】. As soon as I open my eyes in the morning, I check through⑦ all my social networking⑧ apps⑨， read my emails and answer text messages⑩. I do the same thing all over again while I'm having breakfast.
【2】本句为连词so连接的并列句，表示因果关系。whether引导的让步状语从句(whether I'm having...watching TV...)和when引导的时间状语从句(when I'm in the shower)是对I'm constantly posting updates on social media作进一步说明。
I live in a university dorm with a couple of great roommates. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online. Yet the truth of the matter is: I feel lonely.
I'm barely the only person who feels this way. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life” 【3】. I'm way beyond a shy or reserved person, but I'm wired up every day, like most of my friends. On the surface ， I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I'm always distracted . They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality ， my mind is always a million miles away 【4】. I obsess over exactly how many followers I have on my account ， but I can't remember the birthdays of some of my oldest mates .
【3】画线部分属于“find＋it＋adj.＋to do”结构，本句中it是形式宾语，不定式短语是真正的宾语。
【4】本句为but连接的并列复合句。that phones...together为that引导的宾语从句。
Social networking dominates my life in so many ways. Sometimes I set deadlines for myself: I will start doing my homework at 8 pm, and aim to finish in two hours. At 7.50 pm, I'm still scrolling through my friends' silly posts and photos. Before I know it, it's 9.30 pm and I still haven't moved an inch from the sofa. I download song after song, video after video, but I'm not really paying attention. The stimulation is in chasing after the next song rather than truly enjoying it. My friends try to drag me away from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I'm desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides 【5】．
【5】本句为but连接的并列句。第二分句中，as soon as引导时间状语从句，that引导的定语从句(that it provides)修饰先行词activity。
I constantly feel depressed ， dissatisfied and alone. Since I spend so much time socialising online, I keep delaying things that are important in my real life: homework, tasks, connecting with my friends and family members in a meaningful way 【6】. It's funny that my friends and I chatter away online so much, but we end up having nothing to say when we meet.
【6】这是一个复合句。Since引导原因状语从句，that引导定语从句，修饰things，冒号后的内容解释说明things的具体内容。
A few days ago, I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. My best friend left the table for 30 minutes because he had to take a call. Some spent the dinner bending over their phones, texting friends online but ignoring the ones who sat right in front of them 【7】. And the extraordinary thing is nobody thought this was rude ; it's just how life is nowadays. On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone. When it was charged, she just spent hours reading about her favourite popstar; not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window 【8】．
【7】现在分词短语bending over their phones, texting...online，ignoring...front of them作方式状语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the ones。
【8】此处为否定词not＋once位于句首引起的部分倒装。
What is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey 【9】. I can't even imagine going without social networking for a week—think of all the important appointments ， invitations and news updates you would miss! Alcoholics who want to quit drinking can avoid booze ， but how do we give up our phones After all, I need it for my studies because my teachers and classmates need to contact me at any time.
So, that's the problem with social networking. We're hard-wired in, but we're more disconnected than everB51.
【9】本句主干为主系表结构。What引导主语从句，that引导表语从句，省略关系代词的定语从句I know修饰one。
[汉语译文]
马克从未间断与朋友们的网上交往。但他却也从未感到如此孤独。
我在哪里？我在做什么？如果你是我的500个网友之一，你总会第一个知道。我的手机和笔记本电脑一直在触手可及的地方，所以我(可以)不断地在社交媒体上发表最新信息——无论是在喝咖啡，上学的路上，看电视……甚至在洗澡的时候。早上一睁开眼，我就会立刻查看所有社交网络应用程序，阅读电子邮件并回复短信。我在吃早餐的时候会再做一遍这些事情。
我和几个很好的室友一起住在大学宿舍里。我不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。然而事实却是：我感到孤独。
我不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人。研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人认为在网上交朋友比“在现实生活中”交朋友更容易。我远非一个害羞或内向的人，但是我每天都在网上，像我大多数的朋友一样。从表面上看，我的社交生活很丰富。我参加派对和体育运动，但总是不能专心。他们说手机让人们联系更加紧密，但实际上，我的思绪总是飞到十万八千里之外。我惦记自己的账户有多少人关注，但却记不住一些老朋友的生日。
社交网络在很多方面都控制着我的生活。有时我会为自己设定截止时间：我要在晚上8点开始做我的家庭作业，并且要在两小时内完成。晚上7：50，我还在浏览朋友们发的无聊帖子和照片。等我意识到的时候已经是晚上9：30了，我还在沙发上坐着一动没动。我下载一首又一首歌曲，一个又一个视频，但其实并不在意。我的兴奋点是寻找下一首歌而不是真正欣赏音乐。朋友们试图让我远离手机，但是我一旦独自一人，就会不顾一切地回到网络世界和网上紧张的活动中。
社交网络在很多方面都控制着我的生活。有时我会为自己设定截止时间：我要在晚上8点开始做我的家庭作业，并且要在两小时内完成。晚上7：50，我还在浏览朋友们发的无聊帖子和照片。等我意识到的时候已经是晚上9：30了，我还在沙发上坐着一动没动。我下载一首又一首歌曲，一个又一个视频，但其实并不在意。我的兴奋点是寻找下一首歌而不是真正欣赏音乐。朋友们试图让我远离手机，但是我一旦独自一人，就会不顾一切地回到网络世界和网上紧张的活动中。
我经常感到沮丧、不满和孤独。因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情：家庭作业、任务、以有意义的方式和家人、朋友联系。有趣的是，我和朋友们经常在网上聊得热火朝天，但见面时却无话可说。
几天前，我和一些朋友出去吃晚饭。我最好的朋友因为接听电话而离席30分钟。有些人整个晚餐都在埋头看手机，给网上的朋友发短信，却忽略了就坐在他们面前的人。不可思议的是没有人认为这不礼貌。这就是现在的生活。去年夏天一次全家度假，我妹妹一直抱怨说她的手机需要充电。手机充上电后，她又花了数小时浏览她最喜欢的流行音乐歌星的消息，一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。
真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能戒掉互联网。我甚至无法想象一周没有社交网络的生活——想想你会错过的所有重要约会、邀请和新闻更新！想要戒酒的酗酒者可以避免饮酒，但我们如何杜绝手机呢？毕竟，我需要用它来学习，因为我的老师和同班同学需要随时与我联系。
所以，这就是社交网络的问题。我们被网络连接，但却比以往更加疏远。
[词汇注释]
①socialise/'s la z/ vi.
交友；交际；交往
socialise with与……交往
②laptop/'l pt p/ n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑
③touching distance触手可及的距离
④constantly/'k nst ntli/ adv.持续不断地
⑤on one's way to在去……的路上
⑥in the shower在洗澡
⑦check through查看
⑧social networking社交网络
⑨app/ p/ n．应用程序
⑩answer text messages回复短信
dorm/d m/ n．寝室，学生宿舍
a university dorm大学宿舍
flow/fl / n．流动 vi.流，流动
associate with与某人交往
associate/ 's ie t/ vt.与某人交往
barely/'be li/ adv.几乎不
way beyond远不止，远远超出
reserved/r 'z vd/ adj.含蓄的；内敛的
a reserved person含蓄的人
wired/wa d/ adj.联网的；极其兴奋的
be wired up接通电源(此处表示“上网”)
on the surface表面上
distracted/d 'str kt d/
adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的
reality/ri' l ti/ n．现实；真实
in reality事实上
million/'m lj n/ n．百万
obsess over对……过分担心
obsess/ b'ses/ vt.使迷恋
on one's account在某人的账户上
mate/me t/ n．朋友，伙伴
dominate/'d m ne t/ vi. & vt.主宰，支配，控制
dominate one's life支配/控制某人的生活
deadline/'dedlɑ n/ n．截止日期，最后期限
set deadlines for oneself
为某人自己设定截止时间
aim to do sth.打算做某事
scroll/skr l/ vi.上下滚动
scroll through浏览……
inch/ nt / n．英寸
move an inch动一动
stimulation/'st mj 'le n/ n．刺激
chase/t e s/ vi. & vt.
努力赢得 n．追逐，追赶
chase after寻找……
rather than 而不是
drag sb. away from让某人远离……
desperate/'desp r t/ adj.拼命的；绝望的
be desperate to do sth.
渴望做某事
intense/in'tens/ adj.紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的
an intense activity剧烈的活动
depressed/d 'prest/ adj.沮丧的，忧愁的
feel depressed感到沮丧的
delay/d 'le / vi. & vt.推迟，延期
keep delaying sth.一直推迟某事
chatter away喋喋不休
chatter/'t t / vi.唠叨，喋喋不休 n．唠叨；(动物的)啁啾声
chatter about谈论
end up doing sth.以做某事告终
go out for出去……
bend/bend/ vi. & vt.弯腰；俯身
bend over one's phone
低头看手机
extraordinary/ k'str d n ri/
adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的
rude/ru d/ adj.无礼的
complain/k m'ple n/ vi. & vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚
complain that ... 抱怨说……
go cold turkey (俚语)放弃做某事，戒掉坏习惯
appointment/ 'p intm nt/ n．约定；约会
alcoholic/ lk 'h l k/
n．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者
adj.(含)酒精的
quit doing sth.停止做某事；放弃做某事
booze/bu z/ n．酒
avoid booze避免饮酒
hard-wired/hɑ dwa d/ adj.硬件控制的；天生的
be hard-wired in 被网络连接
[51] than ever比以往
than usual比平时
第一版块|核心单词
1．constantly adv.持续不断地；经常地　constant adj.持续不断的；经常的；不变的
(教材原句)．..so I'm constantly posting updates on social media...
……所以我可以不断地在社交媒体上发表最新信息……
As I walked through the town, I was constantly reminded of my childhood.
当我步行穿过这座城镇时，我不断回忆起我的童年。
[学法点拨]　
constantly用于进行时时，表示重复的动作，常含有厌烦、赞扬等感彩。
I'm constantly telling him to behave himself.
我不断地告诉他要守规矩。
a constant increase 持续增长
a constant stream of visitors 络绎不绝的游客
keep at a constant speed 保持匀速行驶
keep in constant contact with 一直与……保持联系
He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia.他在澳大利亚时一直和家人保持着联系。
[比较]　constant/continuous
·constant“不断的，经常的”，强调始终如一地经常出现；
·continuous“不停的，连续不断的”，强调中间不停顿。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We are ________ (constant) being reminded to cut down our fat intake.
②These machines are ________ (constant) updated by improving the design of the computers.
选词填空：constant/continuous
③________ arguing doesn't make for a happy marriage.
④On holidays, we can see a ________ line of cars on highways.
⑤Our homes and offices need a ________ supply of electricity
constantly
constantly　
Constant　
continuous　
continuous
2．flow n. & vi.流，流动
(教材原句)I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online.
我总是不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。
There is a steady flow of traffic in the morning.(a flow of源源不断的)早上有川流不息的来往车辆。
She lost control and the tears began to flow.
她禁不住泪如泉涌。
There was a block in the pipe and the water couldn't flow away.管子内有阻塞物，水无法流走。
The long line of cars flowed to the airport.
长长的汽车队伍向机场驶去。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①After the concert the people flowed ________ of the hall.
②We ought to channel this street so that water can flow ________ easily.
③On the night of National Day, crowds of people flowed ________ the park to watch the fireworks.
out
away　
into
3．associate v．与某人交往；联想，联合　association n．协会；社团；联想；联系；交往
associate with sb. 与某人交往
associate...with... 把……跟……联系起来
be associated with 与……有联系
in association with 与……有关联；与……联合
They associate with all the right people socially.
在社交中他们和所有正直的人结交。
We should associate ourselves with this large firm.
我们应该和这家大公司联合。
The doctor was associated in the child's mind with injections and pains.在孩子的心里，医生与打针和疼痛有联系。
We are working in association with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless.
我们与一些本地公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①These symptoms are particularly ________ (associate) with headaches.
②The council is working ________ association with the Department of Education.
③A man's character can be measured by the types of men ________ whom he associates.
associated
in
with　
④We shall help each other as far as we can while our business ________ (associate) lasts.
⑤French bread has had positive ________ (association) for me ever since I went on holiday to France.
association
associations
4．barely adv.几乎不；刚刚，勉强可能
(教材原句)I'm barely the only person who feels this way.
我不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人。
The islanders could barely survive without an export crop.
没有出口作物，这个岛上的居民几乎无法生存。
had barely done sth. when/before... 一……就……；刚刚……就……
I had barely started speaking when he interrupted me.
我刚刚开始讲话，他便打断了我。
I had barely said my name before he led me to the interview room.我刚说出我的名字，他就带我到面谈室去了。
[学法点拨]　
表示否定意义的副词barely/hardly/scarcely/rarely位于句首时，句子要使用部分倒装。
Barely had we set off when we realised we'd left the dog behind.我们刚出发就想起我们把狗落在家里了。
[误区警示]　
barely与when/before连用表示“一……就……”时，主句多用过去完成时，而从句则用一般过去时。barely一般位于实义动词之前，系动词或助动词之后。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He had barely rested ____________ he was called out again.
②He took ________ (bare) enough money to keep the children in bread.
③Barely had he arrived when she ________ (start) complaining.
完成句子
④He ______________________________ (当时只有20岁) and already running his own company.
⑤_________________________________________________ (他刚打开门) when a burst of wind blew the candle.
when/before
barely　
started
was barely 20 (years old)　
Barely had he opened the door/He had barely opened the door
5．reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的；保留的；预订的　reserve n．保护区；储藏(量)　vt.预订；保留　reservation n．预订；保留意见
(教材原句)I'm way beyond a shy or reserved person, but I'm wired up every day, like most of my friends.
我远非一个害羞和含蓄的人，但是我每天都在网上，我的朋友们大多也是如此。
They are no longer so shy and reserved as they used to be.
他们不再像从前那样羞怯矜持了。
Even though I'm quite a reserved person, I like meeting people.我虽然性格极为内敛，但喜欢和人接触。
I'll ask a waitress to show you to your reserved table.
我将叫一名服务员带您去您预订的桌子。
a nature reserve 自然保护区
in reserve 储备，备用
reserve sth. for... 为……预订/保留某物
reserve one's judgement (on sth.) 保留某人(对某事)的看法
make a reservation 预订(房间、票)；预约
express reservations about 就……持保留意见
without reservation 毫无保留地
It is advisable to keep a little food in reserve in case of emergency.储备少许食物以备不时之需是明智的。
I'll call the restaurant and make a reservation.
我要给餐厅打个电话预订座位。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Seats, or sometimes entire tables, ___________ (reserve).
②These seats are reserved ________ the elderly and women with babies.
③British men are often seen as being ________ (reserve) and unemotional.
④He went to the desk to inquire and make a ________ (reserve).
⑤We will be keeping our new product ________ reserve until the launch date.
are reserved
for
reserved
reservation　
in
完成句子
⑥I think you should __________________________ (为……留一些钱) your retirement.
⑦They accepted the proposal __________________________ (毫无保留地).
reserve some money for　
without reservation
6．distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的　distract vt.分散；转移；分心　distraction n．分心
(教材原句)I attend parties and play sports but I'm always distracted.我也参加派对和体育运动，但总是不能专心。
When working, one should concentrate and not allow himself to be distracted.工作时要集中精力，不要分心。
distract...from 转移；使从……分心
be distracted by 被……搞得思想不集中
without distraction 不受干扰地
drive sb. to distraction 使某人精力分散；使心烦意乱
The noise distracted me from concentration.
这噪声使我不能专心。
She was distracted at the news.
她因听到那消息而精神错乱。
The children are driving me to distraction today.
今天孩子们闹得我心烦意乱。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They want to treat ________ (distract) driving like drunk driving.
②The noise made by the children outside distracted me ________ my reading.
③I study in the library as there are too many ________ (distraction) at home.
distracted
from　
distractions
7．reality n．现实；真实；事实
(教材原句)．..but in reality, my mind is always a million miles away.……但实际上，我的思绪总是飞到十万八千里之外。
face/accept reality 面对/接受现实
escape from reality 逃避现实
become a reality 成为现实
make sth. a reality 使某事成为现实
in reality (＝in fact/as a matter of fact) 实际上，事实上
The reality is that... 实际情况是……
I have to put aside fear and face reality.
我必须抛开恐惧，面对现实。
Mr Green is a professor in name but not in reality.
格林先生是徒有虚名的教授。
The reality is that there is not enough money to pay for this project.实际情况是没有足够的钱为这个项目支付。
[拓展]　
real adj.真实的；真的
really adv.确实；真正地；事实上
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Many of these books are far removed from the ________ (real) of the children's lives.
②These are problems we must expect if flying cars become ________ reality.
③You can't ________ (real) expect me to believe you didn't know him.
④It seems as if he knew everything, but ________ reality, he is as stupid as one can be.
reality
a
really
in
8．obsess v．使迷恋；使心神不宁　obsessed adj.着迷的；受……困扰的　obsession n．沉迷；困扰)
(教材原句)I obsess over exactly how many followers I have on my account...
我总是惦记自己的账户有多少人关注……
obsess over 对……过分担心/着迷
be obsessed by 被……迷住；迷恋/痴迷……
obsess about 唠叨；挂牵；念念不忘
be obsessed with sb. 痴迷某人
become an obsession 变得着迷
have an obsession with sth. 迷恋某物
Stop obsessing over your hair. It looks fine.
别再过于担心你的头发了，它看上去很好。
She wasn't in love with Steve. She was obsessed by him physically.她并没有爱上史蒂夫，只是被他的外表迷住了。
I think you should stop obsessing about food.
我看你关于吃的东西应该停止唠叨。
Don't let this interest of yours become an obsession.
不要让你的这个兴趣迷了心窍。
He thinks all women have an obsession with shoes.
他认为所有女人都迷恋鞋子。
[拓展]　
The fear of death obsessed her throughout her old age.
她晚年一直受到死亡恐惧的困扰。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The idea that he might lose the position ________ (obsess) him.
②I am really crazy about English, just like you ________ (obsess) by Chinese.
③Make sure your child doesn't obsess ________ social networking.
④He is obsessed ________ computers.
⑤The media's ________ (obsess) with the young prince continues.
obsessed
are obsessed　
over
by
obsession
9．dominate vi. & vt.主宰，支配，控制；占优势；占据主动
(教材原句)Social networking dominates my life in so many ways.
社交网络在很多方面都控制着我的生活。
dominate the conversation 左右/主导着交谈的内容
be dominated by 受……控制；由……支配
dominate the news 成了最重要新闻
dominate the world 支配这个世界
dominate one's life 左右着某人的生活
dominate sb. 控制/支配某人
The outgoing man tended to dominate the conversation.
这个外向的男人往往左右着谈话的内容。
They had the ambition to dominate this small country.
他们有控制这个小国的野心。
The industry is dominated by five multinational companies.这个行业受五家跨国公司控制。
Fathers have the power to dominate children and young people.父辈们有能力支配孩子们和年轻人的生活。
[拓展]　
dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；占优势的
domination n．支配
a dominant position举足轻重的地位
the dominant feature of the room房间的显著特点
become dominant开始占据优势
the domination of对……的支配
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①At one time this view ____________ (dominate) all over the academic circles.
②Food webs may ________ (dominate) by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.
③The company has struggled to maintain its ________ (dominate) in the marketplace.
④The boy was brought up by his mother, who had a ________ (dominate) influence on his life.
was dominating
be dominated　
domination　
dominant
10．deadline n．截止日期，最后期限
(教材原句)Sometimes I set deadlines for myself...
有时我会为自己设定截止时间……
meet the deadline 赶上最后期限；按期完成
set the deadline 规定最后期限
extend the deadline 延长期限
put off the deadline 推迟最后期限
miss the deadline 错过最后期限；错过截止时间
You've got to extend the deadline to finish the job properly.
你得延长最后期限才能妥善完成这项工作。
They had to work against the clock to meet the deadline.
他们必须加速工作才能赶在最后期限内做完。
The boss will punish you if you miss the deadline for the job.要是你到期完不成工作，老板就会惩罚你。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Can the deadline __________ (extend) for a few more days
②Next Friday is ________ deadline for applicants to submit their photos and résumés.
完成句子
③If we can't ______________________ (按期完成), they won't give us another contract.
④You will be fined if you __________________________ (错过最后期限).
be extended　
the　
meet the deadline
miss the deadline
11．chase v．努力赢得；追捕，追求；追赶　n．追逐，追赶；追捕；狩猎
(教材原句)The stimulation is in chasing after the next song rather than truly enjoying it.
我的兴奋点是寻找下一首歌而不是真正欣赏音乐。
chase after 追逐；追求
chase sb./sth. away/off 赶走；驱逐
chase down 寻找，追踪到
Chase after your dream major with all your energy, no matter what other people think.
不管别人怎么想，用你所有的精力去追求你梦想的专业。
The dog ran into the garden and chased the birds away.
狗跑进了花园，赶跑了那些鸟。
There was a long chase before the criminal was caught.
经过长时间的追捕，这名罪犯才落网。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We are trying to chase ________ all possible clues to the theft.
②He said nothing to journalists, who chased ________ him as he left.
完成句子
③I will never cease to ____________________ (追逐我的梦想).
④He ________ all his friends ________ (把……赶走) and no one visited him anymore.
down
after　
chase after my dream
chased
away
12．desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的；极渴望的；极严重的　desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地；极严重地　desperation n．绝望；拼命)
(教材原句)．..but as soon as I'm alone again, I'm desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides.……但是一旦我独自一人，就会不顾一切地回到网络世界和网上紧张的活动中。
be desperate to do sth. 极想做某事
be desperate for 极度渴望
make a desperate attempt to do sth. 孤注一掷做某事
in desperate need of love 非常需要爱
suffer a desperate shortage of water 严重缺水
a sense of desperation 绝望感
in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地
I was absolutely desperate to see her.我极想见到她。
The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.
这个在沙漠中迷失方向的人极度渴望(得到)水。
For the first time in her life Jennifer was obsessed with a sense of desperation.詹妮弗有生以来第一次被一种绝望感所困扰。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He was so desperate ________ a job that he would have something to do.
②I ran ________ (desperate) but failed to catch up.
③In ________ (desperate), Mrs White submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.
④He was so desperate ________ (find) a job to support his family that he dropped out of school.
for
desperately
desperation　
to find
13．delay vi. & vt.推迟，延期　n．耽搁；延期；推迟)
(教材原句)Since I spend so much time socialising online, I keep delaying things that are important in my real life...
因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以我一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情……
(1)delay doing sth. 推迟做某事
(2)without delay 立即，马上
make no delay 没有推迟
(a/the) delay in (doing) sth. 延迟(做)某事
They decide to have more workers for the project so that it won't be delayed.
他们决定为这项工程增派工人，这样工程就不会被推迟了。
Don't delay replying to his e-mail, for it is a little urgent.
不要延迟回复他的电子邮件，因为事情有点儿紧急。
All these measures must be carried through without delay.所有这些措施必须立即实施。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The chairman accused the committee of the delay ________ passing his programme.
②They claimed that such ________ delay wouldn't hurt anyone.
③Research shows that the older people become, the less likely they are to delay ________ (do) their work until the last minute.
完成句子
④Problems, if any, __________________________________ (应被立即解决).
in
a　
doing　
should be solved without delay
The task requires extraordinary patience and endurance.
这项任务需要非凡的耐心和忍耐力。
George has made extraordinary progress in his study of Chinese medicine.乔治在他的中医学习方面取得了惊人的进步。
It is very extraordinary that I should meet him here.
很奇怪，我在这儿竟然碰上他了。
The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.
那天清晨，大海出奇地平静。(副词修饰形容词)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The rules are simple but the play is ____________ (extraordinary) complex.
②________ is extraordinary that the American girl Jenny speaks Chinese so fluently.
extraordinarily
It　
完成句子
③The child possessed ________________________ (非凡的记忆力)—he can remember so many stories.
④________________________________ (实属罕见) he should take charge of such a big company.
an extraordinary memory
It is extraordinary that
15．complain vi. & vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚　complaint n．抱怨；投诉
(教材原句)On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone.去年夏天一次全家度假，我妹妹一直抱怨说她的手机需要充电。
(1)complain (to sb.) about... (向某人)抱怨……
complain (to sb.) that... (向某人)抱怨……
(2)a letter of complaint 投诉信
a flood of complaints 大量的投诉
make a complaint to sb. (about sth.) 向某人抱怨(某事)
have a complaint (against sb.) (对某人)有意见/不满
He never complained about working overtime.
他从来不因加班而抱怨。
She complained to me about his rude behaviour.
她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。
Mrs Jones complained to the doctor that her back always hurt.
琼斯太太向医生抱怨她背部老是痛。
She expressed her disgust at the programme by writing a letter of complaint.她写了封投诉信，表示对这个节目的反感。
We received a flood of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.
我们收到了来自顾客的许多投诉，抱怨缺乏停车设施。
[说明]　
complain 的后面不能直接跟sb.作宾语，须先加介词to。类似的词还有explain, announce等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He will complain ________ having to do so much paperwork.
②Why don't you make a ________ (complain) against your noisy neighbours
③My complaint is ________ we can't go out on the racecourse anymore.
④There have been a number of ________ (complaint) about the standard of service on Britain's railways.
完成句子
⑤他总是向我抱怨有压力的生活。
He always _________________________________________ the stressful life.
about
complaint　
that　
complaints
complains to me about/makes a complaint to me about
16．appointment n．约定；约会；任命　appoint vt.任命，委派；指定，约定　appointed adj.指定的，约定的
(教材原句)… think of all the important appointments, invitations and news updates you would miss!
……想想你会错过的所有重要约会、邀请和新闻更新！
an appointment letter 任命书
by appointment 按照约定
have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约

She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.
她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。
He will only see visitors by appointment.他只根据预约会客。
The chairman had thought very deeply about the question of your appointment.主席曾经对你的任命问题深深思考过。
I have an appointment with Mr Wang, the manager.
我跟王经理有约。
We appointed him to be the president of the club.
我们任命他为俱乐部主席。
He was appointed as captain of the team.他被指定为队长。
[语境助记]　
Ten minutes before the appointed time, he sat nervously outside her office.
离约定时间还有十分钟，他紧张地坐在她的办公室外面。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The ________ (appoint) hour of the ceremony was drawing nearer.
②I am coming to your company for an interview ________ appointment.
③I reminded him of the _________ (appoint), but he didn't make any response.
④To his joy, he __________ (appoint) as president. After all ，this represented his ability.
⑤She was appointed ________ (be) the manager of the sales department.
完成句子
⑥He ________________________ (被委任为) the ambassador of the United Nations last year.
appointed　
by　
appointment　
was appointed
to be
was appointed to be/as

You could end up running this company if you play your cards right.你要是处理得当，到头来这个公司能归你掌管。
The party ended up with the singing of Auld Lang Syne.
聚会以《友谊地久天长》的歌声而告终。
You'll end up in hospital if you drive your car like that.
如果你那样开车，早晚得进医院。
They managed to end up as partners in their new business.他们最终成了新公司的合伙人。
[语境助记]　
No further discussions arising, the meeting was brought to an end.没有做进一步的讨论，会议就结束了。(“主语＋现在分词”构成的独立主格结构)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Stop spending so fast, or you'll end up ________ a beggar.
②The time has come to put an end ________ the conflict.
③After the exam, all the lessons in school also came to ________ end.
④She started as a secretary but ended up ________ (run) the department.
⑤You can end up ________ what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.
⑥Despite winning the title, their last campaign ended ________ great disappointment.
as
to　
an
running　
with
in
2．go cold turkey放弃做某事，快速戒掉坏习惯)
(教材原句)What is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey.
真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能戒掉互联网。
[说明]　
go cold turkey[俚语]指突然而彻底戒毒(或戒酒、戒烟等不需要缓冲期)坏习惯。如：
He went cold turkey after he was thrown in the slammer (＝prison) for possessions of snow.
他因藏有可卡因被抓进监狱，后来就戒毒了。
[即学即练]　完成句子(用上 go cold turkey)
①If students can manage without A/C in the heat of examinations, could not the rest of population ________________________ (关上空调) once in a while
②Everyone has their own way of kicking bad habits, and you can either choose ____________________ (快速戒掉) or ease off it slowly.
③But the day a good friend of mine died of lung cancer, I decided ________________________ (立刻戒烟) and never light up another cigarette.
go cold turkey
to go cold turkey　
to go cold turkey
第三版块|典型句式
1．the first (＋n.)＋to do 第一个做……的……
(教材原句)If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know.
如果你是我的500个网友之一，你总会第一个知道。
不定式作后置定语　序数词或被序数词及形容词最高级等修饰的名词后通常用不定式作定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
He is the best man to do the job.他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
[归纳拓展]　
①不定式作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，与被修饰词之间可有主谓、动宾或同位关系。
②不定式与被修饰词存在动宾关系时，如果不定式中是不及物动词，则后面应有相应的介词。
③the first、the second、the last、the best、the only thing、the next等常接不定式作定语。
William is the last person to tell a lie.
威廉是最不可能说谎的人。
④常接不定式作定语的名词或不定代词有 ability、ambition、chance、attempt、decision、moment、need、opportunity、plan、promise、reason、time、way、something、anything、nothing等。
This will be a good opportunity to exchange experience.
这将是一个交流经验的好机会。
I tried to give her something to drink but she couldn't keep it down.我试图让她喝点儿什么，但她咽不下去。
[易错提醒]　
名词前尽管有序数词修饰，但后面也可以用过去分词短语作定语，表示被动和动作已经发生。
the first student sent abroad for further education第一个被派往国外深造的学生
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①You will be the first expert ________ (make) a speech.
②The girl is the best person ________ (finish) the whole work.
③Every day he made one of the animals bring him something ________ (eat).
④You can ask that girl standing there for she is the third ________ (reach) the spot.
⑤It was the first laptop ________ (buy) by my father when in college.
to make　
to finish
to eat　
to reach
bought　
完成句子
⑥He was lucky to get the good __________________________ (去国外深造的机会).
⑦She is ____________________ (第一个工作的女性) in the desert.
chance to go abroad for further study
the first woman to work
2．否定副词(＋状语)位于句首引起的部分倒装
(教材原句)．..not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。
Not once did he talk to me.他一次也没有和我谈过。
Little does he realise how important this meeting is.
他没有意识到这个会议的重要性。
Hardly does she have time to have a cup of tea with her friends.她几乎没时间和她的朋友们一起喝茶。
[归纳拓展]　
(1)当含有否定意义的副词或短语置于句首时，句子须用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词、be动词移至主语之前。这样的副词或短语有：
·全部否定意义的副词：never、not、neither、nor、nowhere等
·部分否定意义的副词：hardly、scarcely、rarely、seldom、little等
·“决不”短语：at no time、by no means、in no case、in no way、on no condition、under/in no circumstances、on no account等
Seldom does he do work at home.他很少在家工作。
Nowhere else can you find such diverse culture.
你在其他任何地方都找不到如此多样化的文化。
In no case should you spend all your savings before retiring.在任何情况下你都不应该在退休前花光所有的积蓄。
(2)no only...but also...连接并列分句且not only置于句首时，not only后的分句要用部分倒装，but also后的分句不倒装。
(3)hardly...when..., no sooner...than...连接的句子，如果hardly, no sooner置于句首，则主句用部分倒装，从句不倒装。
Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down.我们刚一开始攀登就下起雪来了。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Never ________ you achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
②By no means should he ________ (leave) alone.
③Not only ________ he speak more correctly, but he spoke more fluently.
will　
be left　
did
完成句子
④Never ______________ (我看到过) such a beautiful vase before.
⑤On no condition __________________ (你该忘记) you are a Chinese.
⑥Seldom ________________________ (她丧失信心) when she is in trouble.
⑦I will never know what was on his mind at the time,
_______________________ (其他任何人也不会知道).
have I seen
should you forget
does she lose heart
nor/neither will anyone else
3．What... is that...句式
(教材原句)What is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey.真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能够戒掉互联网。
What makes this shop different is that it offers more personalised services.
这家商店的不同之处在于它提供更多的个性化服务。
What he is worried about is that his son has been addicted to playing computer games.
他担心的是他的儿子一直沉溺于电脑游戏。
[误区警示]　
(1)what 引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语、表语、宾语等；而that 引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当成分，也无具体意思，只起连接作用。
What gets him surprised is that all of them are in favour of him.令他吃惊的是他们都支持他。
That she dislikes studying makes her mother worried.
她不喜欢学习使她妈妈很担心。
(2)what引导的主语从句＋单数谓语动词＋其他(√)
what引导的主语从句＋复数连系动词＋可数名词复数作表语(√)
[说明]　
(1)What... is that...句式中， what引导主语从句， that引导表语从句。
(2)what引导名词性从句(包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)时，它在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补。
What causes this accident is not clear.
(在从句中作主语)
What we liked most was his laughter.
(在从句中作宾语)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The millionaire has no friends around him because ________ he cares about most is only money.
②What makes the school famous is ________ more than 80% of the students have been admitted to universities.
③________ she can't stand is that her life as an accountant is too stressful.
what
what
What
完成句子
④______________________________ (最令我们吃惊的是) is that he should have backed out of the project.
⑤________________ (令我们兴奋的是) is ____________________ (我们要去野餐) this weekend.
What amazes us most
What excites us
that we will have a picnic
4．find＋宾语(it)＋宾语补足语(＋真正宾语)
(教材原句)According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”．研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人发现在网上交朋友比在“现实生活中”交朋友更容易。
[句式分析]　“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”可以归纳为“6123结构”：
6指的是6个常见动词：think、believe、make、find、consider、feel
1指唯一的形式宾语：it
We find it helpful to do some reading every day.
我们发现每天读些书很有帮助。
2指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词(词组)
I find it interesting to learn English.
我发现学英语很有趣。
The young man found it a hard problem to think about.
这个年轻人发现这是一个很难思考的问题。
3指真正的宾语的3种形式：不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)和that从句
We found it quite pleasant to work with him.
我们发现跟他一起工作很愉快。
I think it no use telling them.我认为告诉他们没用。
I found it strange that she had not come yet.
她竟然还没来，我发现这一点很奇怪。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①While libraries still loan out books, you'll find it easier ________ (get) a copy of whatever you're looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries.
②And you might find ________ relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
③I keep practicing even when I'm extremely tired. I find it hard ________ (stop)!
④I think it a hard job ________ we finish our homework on time.
to get　
it
to stop　
that
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She never ________ (抱怨), but she's obviously upset about this.
2．I made an __________ (约定) for my niece to see the doctor.
3．Many colleges now have ________ (联网的) dorms and it's more convenient for the college students.
4．The teacher told me not to speak to my mate Mary in class who was easily ________ (精神无法集中的).
5．As I look back on that day now, it surely lacks any sense of ________ (真实).
complains
appointment　
wired
distracted
reality　
6．As a child, my mate David was ________ (主宰) by his father.
7．The ________ (截止日期) for applications is approaching, which makes me depressed.
8．My considerate niece attends to her mother who is ill ________ (持续不断地).
9．My nephew tried to stop the ________ (流动) of blood from the wound.
10．I don't like you ________ (与某人交往) with the guy who is always complaining.
dominated
deadline
constantly
flow
associating
11．The girl is so shy that she ________ (几乎不) associates with others.
12．He is very ________ (内敛的) and lacks the courage to deal with others.
13．The reserved young man felt ________ (沮丧的) for his future.
14．The flight to Beijing was ________ (推迟) because of the bad weather, which made her upset.
15．The old woman ________ (弯腰) forward to pick up the onions which lay on the ground.
barely　
reserved
depressed
delayed
bent　
16．It is ____________ (令人惊奇的) that my nephew managed to sleep through the party.
17．My mate asked me to ________ (滚动) down to the bottom of the document.
18．The rude driver sped up suddenly on purpose to seek ________ (刺激).
19．Too many competitors signed up for the competition to ________ (努力赢得) the few jobs.
20．She held on to a tree in the flood in a ________ (拼命的) attempt to defend herself.
extraordinary　
scroll
stimulation　
chase
desperate
Ⅱ.短语填空
complain about, chase after, associate with, (be) obsessed by, song after song, in reality, chatter away
1．She seemed confident but ________________ she felt extremely nervous.
2．He is passionate about becoming a scientist and bravely __________ his dream.
3．The outgoing girl loves singing. She sang ________________ in the KTV last night.
in reality
chases after
song after song
4．He went to see the manager and ______________ the rude behaviour of the waiter.
5．They ________________ excitedly about the presentation delivered by the educationalist.
6．I am more willing to ________________ those who have a sense of humour.
7．The girl is distracted in class and always ________________ the plot of the novel.
complained about　
chattered away　
associate with
obsessed by
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Some people — and I was one of them — believe that humorous ________ (complain) about the little problems of life make humour, and sometimes that is the case.
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处是名词作从句主语，后面的谓语动词make决定了主语要用复数。句意：有些人——我就是其中之一——相信对生活中小问题的幽默抱怨会带来幽默，有时情况确实如此。
complaints
2．When feeling ________ (depress), I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories.
解析：修饰人用-ed形式的形容词。句意：当感到沮丧时，我常常选择欣赏小说的一部分，其中包括许多富有想象力的故事。
depressed
3．In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude _________ (eat) with your left hand.
解析：be considered rude to do sth.做某事被认为是粗鲁的。句意：在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常粗鲁的。
to eat　
4．To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your ______________ (appoint).
解析：your后接名词。句意：当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你存在的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去赴约。
appointment　
5．I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ________ (constant) climbing the stairs could reopen the wound.
constantly　
解析：修饰动词climb应用副词，故填constantly。句意：我每天带狗出去四次，我担心蒂莉不断地爬楼梯会重新撕裂伤口。
6．The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body __________what the patient sees in his head.
with　
解析： associate... with...把……和……联系起来。句意：重要的是，技术人员要将病人身体外发生的情况与病人在脑中看到的情况联系起来。
7．Hello, we have a __________ (reserve) in the name of Mr. Johns. Is there any table by the window
reservation
解析：　have a reservation有预约，为固定搭配。句意：您好，我们是以约翰斯先生的名义预定的。有靠窗的桌子吗？
8．The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual ________ (real).
reality　
解析：用名词作介词的宾语。句意：6G的速度将超过每秒125GB，使得新一代的虚拟现实技术成为可能。
9．Imagine that a police officer ________ (chase) a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can't let him get away.
is chasing　
解析：由语境可知，chase的动作正在进行，故要用现在进行时态。句意：想象一下，一个警察正在追赶一个小偷。小偷试图逃跑而警察不让他跑掉。
10．My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway. I ran ________ (desperate) but failed to catch up.
desperately　
解析：修饰动词ran，要用副词。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心僵在了胸口。我拼命地跑，但没能追上。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．对于学生而言，没有比图书馆更好的学习场所了，所以我们在这里必须要保持安静。
As for students, __________________________________， so we have to keep quiet here.(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义)
2．我发现在疲倦的时候很难集中精力工作。
___________________________ when I 'm tired.(find it＋adj.＋to do)
there is no better studying place than the library
I find it hard to focus on my work
3．地球从太空中看起来是蓝色的，因为它表面的三分之二被广阔的海洋所覆盖。
The earth looks blue from space because __________________________
the vast ocean.
4．她以前从未见过任何人打网球打得像罗伯特一样好。
____________________________ who could play tennis as well as Robert.(否定词位于句首引起部分倒装)
two thirds of its surface is covered by
Never before had she seen anybody
5．他们口头上吹嘘他们似乎完成了很多工作；但实际上，他们几乎没做什么。
They talked as if they had accomplished a lot, but _________ they did very little.
6．他目前需要学会的是如何和别人交往。
______________________ at present is how to associate with others.
in reality
What he needs to learn
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．When the gate is raised, the water can ________ (流动) freely.
2．The problem is that ________ (百万) of people are unemployed.
3．My voice was so quiet that the shop owner had to ________ (俯身) down to hear what I said.
4．She ________ (推迟) telling him the information, waiting for the right moment.
5．The manager reminds me that the ________ for my project is next Monday.
flow
millions
bend
delayed
deadline
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．The kids ________ (chase) each other on the lawn and played happily.
2．Even though I'm quite a ________ (reserve) person, I like meeting people.
3．Speech is made up of sound waves that vary in frequency and ________ (intense).
4．You can ________ (bare) rely on it that the selfish guy will give you a hand when you get into trouble.
5．According to the survey conducted last week, more than half of the college students admitted having consumed ________ (alcohol) drinks.
chased　
reserved
intensity
barely
alcoholic
6．Some people feel ________ (depress) and alone even if they have mobile phones in hand.
7．Nowadays students like to post updates on social media ________ (constant).
8．I just heard about her __________ (appoint) as headmaster of a key school.
9．I often forget the birthdays of my oldest ________ (mate).
10．________ (complain) about poor food in schools have become a familiar topic.
depressed
constantly　
appointment
mates
Complaints
Ⅲ.选词填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
in reality, social networking, associate with, obsess over, chatter away
1．He always posted photos on _______________ sites while travelling.
2．I am placing my mind elsewhere when you ____________．
3．Don't ____________ such people because they may have a bad influence on you.
4．We thought he was serious but ____________ he was joking.
5．We should not ____________ our grades before the college entrance examination.
social networking
chatter away
associate with
in reality
obsess over
Ⅳ.完成句子(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
1．在我看来，他在会上说的话真令人吃惊。(名词性从句)
In my opinion, ________________ at the meeting was really surprising.
2．不管他决定什么，他的家人都会支持他。(一句多译)
①His family are right behind him, ____________________________．
②His family are right behind him, ____________________________．
what he said
whatever he decides
no matter what he decides　
3．不要对你的老师无礼。这是不良行为。
Don't ________________________. It is bad behaviour.
4．当埃迪站出来指责洛娜不负责任时，洛娜极想解释一下。(desperate)
Lorna _____________________ when Eddie came forward and blamed Lorna for her irresponsibility.(读后续写—情节描写)
be rude to your teacher　
was desperate to explain
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
A young Jewish girl begins a diary just as World War Ⅱ is about to break out in Europe. She records the details of her daily life, but more than that. Eventually, the diary comes to a heartbreaking end with the girl shot to death by the Nazis. However, it's not the story of Anne Frank.
This is Renia's Diary, a journal that was hidden for years in a safe box. Now it's coming to light with the help of Renia's sister and niece.
For a long time, Elizabeth didn't even know that her older sister Renia had kept a diary as a teenager in Poland. Then suddenly one day Elizabeth got the diary and started to read it. She was totally stunned and couldn't get very far. “It was too painful to read it，” Elizabeth recalls. “I just put it in the basement and didn't think about it.”
Alexandra, Elizabeth's daughter, grew up knowing about the locked diary. As Alexandra got older, she was more interested in it. “If I could read this diary, maybe I'll explore some things from the past，” she thought.
She got the diary from its hiding place. When she read it, Alexandra was shocked. “It's the description of a wonderful girl who showed great courage in terrible times. My aunt's world comes to life as the diary shifts between a teenage girl's daily life and the war.”
Elizabeth and her daughter Alexandra are excited that the diary will be published. “It is a story that needs to be heard now more than ever. We should never repeat the same types of racism (种族主义) and hate that lead to violence，” Alexandra says.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述二战时期一个女孩的日记，日记记载了女孩生活的细节。为了不再重复同样类型的种族主义和仇恨所导致的暴力，这本日记在这个女孩的妹妹和外甥女的帮助下将会出版。
1．Why was Renia's Dairy unknown to the world for so many years？(　　)
A．The story is not as famous as Anne Frank's.
B．It was lost in the war and no one found it.
C．Alexandra was afraid to read it.
D．Renia kept it a secret.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This is Renia's Diary, a journal that was hidden for years in a safe box.可知这本日记被Renia秘密收藏起来了，故选D。
2．What does the underlined word “stunned” mean in Paragraph 3？(　　)
A．Embarrassed. B．Bored.
C．Excited. D．Shocked.
答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中Elizabeth说的话“It was too painful to read it.”Elizabeth recalls.“I just put it in the basement and didn't think about it.”(“这本日记读起来太痛苦了，”Elizabeth回忆道。“我就把它放在地下室里，没有回想它。”)，可以推断她在读她姐姐的日记时应该是很震惊的，由此推测stunned意为“震惊的”，与shocked同义，故选D。
3．Why was Alexandra so interested in Renia's Diary？(　　)
A．She was curious about her aunt's experience.
B．She wanted to comfort her mother.
C．She planned to publish her aunt's dairy.
D．She decided to prove how strong Renia was.
答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段Alexandra, Elizabeth's daughter, grew up knowing about the locked diary. As Alexandra got older, she was more interested in it.“If I could read this diary, maybe I'll explore some things from the past，”she thought.(Alexandra, Elizabeth的女儿从小就知道这本锁着的日记。随着Alexandra年龄的增长，她对它越来越感兴趣。“如果我能读这本日记，也许我会探索过去的一些事情，”她想。)可知Alexandra出于自己的好奇心而对日记感兴趣，故选A。
4．What's the best title of the passage？(　　)
A．A Girl Fighting Against the Racism and Hate
B．Renia's Diary Is to Come to Light
C．Discovering the History of a Jewish Family
D．A Jewish Family in World War Ⅱ
答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段This is Renia's Diary, a journal that was hidden for years in a safe box. Now it's coming to light with the help of Renia's sister and niece.可知Renia's Diary is to come to light符合主题思想，并且引出文章内容，适合作文章的标题，故选B。
B
At first glance, the business world is no place for young women, as my co-founders and I have been told on many occasions. In spite of this pessimistic view of women's opportunity in business, we three college-age girls with zero experience in business started off with a highly ambitious goal: to start a seaweed farm in North Carolina, and grow as much seaweed as possible to help reduce the carbon emission (排放) and nutrient pollution from agricultural sources.
In the beginning, our ideas were either ignored or scoffed by the researchers from whom we sought help and advice. But we carried on with our research even if others wouldn't provide us with answers. We didn't dread trying to work them out ourselves. We discovered which species could grow in warmer water, and we'd identified potential markets into which we planned to sell the product. We've spent the last two years setting up the first seaweed farm in NC, applying for a patent (专利) and competing with five final teams in front of the United Nations for one million dollars.
Despite all of our efforts, many industry experts remained unwilling to take us seriously. But as often happens in business, the same characteristics we were ignored for were, in reality, our biggest competitive advantages. Our age gave us the strength to bounce back from failure, and our background as environmental scientists, rather than businesswomen, helped us find new marketing opportunities. For every 10 farmers who claimed nobody would ever want to feed their cows seaweed, we found one who was interested. For every 15 cosmetics producers who refused to answer our cold calls, we stuck to the one with an interesting idea for a seaweed lotion (乳液).
Over the course of our early business development efforts, we have had access to a wealth of resources, programs, and individuals who work constantly to help us succeed. By staying focused on bringing our ideas to light，our team has demonstrated that entrepreneurship is exactly the right place for the hopeful.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女性在商业领域一直饱受偏见与质疑，但是作者与她的两位女性朋友开启商界的尝试。她们一开始就立下了雄心壮志：在北卡罗来纳州建立海藻农场，尽可能多地种植海藻来减少碳排放和来自农业的营养污染。她们历经坎坷，最终得到认可。创业为心怀希望的人而存在。
5．What was the major cause for their difficulties in starting business？(　　)
A．They were women.
B．They were young.
C．They lacked experience.
D．They suffered prejudice.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中…the business world is no place for young women, as my co founders and I have been told on many occasions. In spite of this pessimistic view of women's opportunity in business...可知，D项正确。prejudice意为“偏见”。
6．What did they do to make their business successful according to the passage？(　　)
A．They expanded their seaweed farms.
B．They experimented on seaweed species.
C．They got their product officially recognized.
D．They consulted the United Nations.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中But we carried on with our research even if others wouldn't provide us with answers. We didn't dread trying to work them out ourselves. We discovered which species could grow in warmer water...可知，作者及其团队通过实验与研究使得海藻种植得以成功。B项正确。
7．What is the third paragraph mainly about？(　　)
A．How they benefited from their weaknesses.
B．How they got others interested in seaweed.
C．How they made themselves more competitive.
D．How they approached potential customers.
答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。根据第三段中But as often happens in business, the same characteristics we were ignored for were, in reality, our biggest competitive advantages. Our age..., and our background...可知，在商界我们因为年轻和环境科学家背景的特点而被忽视，但是这些弱点恰恰是我们的竞争优势，所以A选项正确。
Ⅵ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
This is so easy, inexpensive, and has always brought either of two __1__：a look of shock or a big smile. I am a cane-walking (拄着手杖走路的) senior citizen with mobility __2__， especially in cold weather but I have a sharp eye for useful bargains and since I still drive, I can do this without having to get in and out of the car to help people.
Here is how it “works”. When I see gloves, warm hats and scarves on sale (new or in good condition from a second-hand store). I buy them very __3__. If laundering (洗涤) is needed, I do it to __4__ tiny stains (污渍) so everything looks good.
I have a large basket that I keep in the passenger side of my car and I “file” these things in it, where I can easily reach over and get whatever I determine is most __5__ for someone who is without and out in the cold.
I am always __6__ of things and people around me in parking lots and along the walkways of my small hometown. But when I see someone obviously cold and without what will help them, I __7__ beside them, roll down my __8__， and ask if they will __9__ and wear all three things or whatever is needed...and then as they stare at me in __10__， I always add: “I have things right here in my __11__ to share. Please me by __12__ them to stay warm when you are outside.”
Not yet have I __13__ hostility (敌意) or felt in any danger, but since so many of the items are “cheerful” colors. I often see the persons I gave them to walking down the street. It __14__ my heart to know that my items are being used and __15__.　
　
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个行动不便靠拐杖行走的老人。但这并没有影响作者去帮助别人。作者对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光，会用很低的价格把它们买回来。作者开车时会留意道路上行走的人，如果有人看起来很冷且身上没有御寒物品，作者会问他们是否需要帮助，并把自己准备好的物品提供给他们。作者使路人很暖心，自己也感到很温暖，很高兴。
1．(　　)A．routines B．reactions
C．outlines D．suggestions
答案与解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这很简单，也不贵，而且总是会带来两种反应中的任何一种：震惊的表情或灿烂的笑容。routine 路线；reaction 反应；outline 外形，轮廓；suggestion 建议。由a look of shock of a big smile可知，这是两种反应。故选B项。
2．(　　)A．performances B．amusement
C．addiction D．problems
答案与解析：D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个靠拐杖走路的老人，我行动不便，尤其是在寒冷的天气里。但我对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光。因为我开车，所以我不用上下车就可以做这件事来帮助别人。performance 表演；amusement 娱乐；addiction 上瘾；problem 问题。由a cane walking(拄着手杖走路的)senior citizen可知，作者行动不便。故选D项。
3．(　　)A．cheaply B．casually
C．unwillingly D．briefly
答案与解析：A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：……我会非常便宜地把它们买回来。cheaply 便宜地；casually 随意地；unwillingly 不愿意地；briefly 简洁地。由new or in good condition from a second hand store可知，这东西或者是新的或者是在二手商店买的质量较好的东西。所以作者会以低廉的价格把它们买回来。故选A项。
4．(　　)A．strengthen B．increase
C．paint D．remove
答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果(衣物)需要洗的话，我会洗掉细小的污渍，这样每一件东西看起来都不错。strengthen 加强；increase 增加；paint 画；remove 清除。作者洗衣物的目的是除去污渍。故选D项。
5．(　　)A．specific B．useful
C．popular D．usual
答案与解析：B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一个大篮子，我把它放在车的乘客一侧，我把这些东西“归档”在里面，这样我就可以很容易地从里面伸手去拿我认为对身处寒冷户外的人最有用的且其手里没有的东西。specific 具体的；useful 有用的；popular 流行的；usual 平常的。由someone who is without and out in the cold可知，作者所准备的东西对那些身处户外的人最有用处。故选B项。
6．(　　)A．positive B．short
C．careful D．fond
答案与解析：C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在停车场和我家乡的小镇的人行道上，我总是留意着周围的人和物。positive 积极的；short 短的；careful 小心的；fond 喜欢的。作者很留意周围的人和物以便向别人提供帮助。故选C项。
7．(　　)A．put down B．settle down
C．queue up D．pull up
答案与解析：D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，当我看到有人明显很冷，没有什么可以帮助他们的时候，我就把车停在他们旁边，摇下车窗，问他们是否愿意接受并穿上这三样东西，或者他们需要的任何东西……当他们难以置信地盯着我看时，我总是补充说：“我的篮子里刚好有可以分享的东西……”。put down 放下；settle down 平静下来；queue up 排队；pull up 停车。作者停下车，才能帮助其他人。故选D项。
8．(　　)A．window B．light
C．wheel D．floor
答案与解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。window 窗户；light 光；wheel 轮子；floor 地板。作者停下车，摇下车窗，才能问路人是否需要帮助。故选A项。
9．(　　) A．improve B．buy
C．borrow D．accept
答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。improve 提高；buy 买；borrow 借；accept 接受。由ask if they will可知，作者在看到路人需要帮助时，首先要问问路人是否愿意接受他的帮助。故选D项。
10．(　　) A．sadness B．dishonesty
C．disbelief D．anger
答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。sadness 悲伤；dishonesty 不诚实；disbelief 不相信；anger 生气。由stare at me可知，路人难以置信地盯着作者看，不相信自己会得到别人的帮助。故选C项。
11．(　　) A．mind B．bag
C．basket D．reach
答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。mind 思维；bag 包；basket 篮子；reach 波及范围。由第三段开头I have a large basket可知，作者篮子里的东西是要与别人分享的东西。故选C项。
12．(　　) A．wearing B．winning
C．ignoring D．folding
答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：你们在户外穿着我给的衣服感觉暖和，这让我高兴。wear 穿；win 赢得；ignore 忽略；fold 折叠。由to stay warm when you are outside可知，被帮助的人在户外穿着作者所提供的衣服使他们暖和了，这也让作者很高兴。故选A项。
13．(　　) A．accounted for B．met with
C．escaped from D．kept up with
答案与解析：B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还没有遇到有敌意的状况，也没有感觉到有什么危险，但是由于很多东西都是“喜庆”的颜色，我经常看到我帮助的人们走在大街上。account for解释；meet with遇到；escape from从……逃跑；keep up with跟上。故选B项。
14．(　　) A．splits B．sacrifices
C．forces D．warms
答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知

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