资源简介

Section B　Lesson 1　Teachers
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 角
2．____________ n. 火箭
3．____________ vt. 灌，注，倒
4．____________ n. 燃料
5．____________ vt. 拖，拉
6．____________ n. 酸
7．____________ n. 洋葱
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n. 实践；练习→________ adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的
2．________ vt.陈述→________ n．报告；陈述，说明
3．________ vi.表现→________ n．行为，举止
4．________ v．教育→________ n．教育→________ adj.教育的→educationalist n．教育(学)家
5．________ n．氧气(化学式：O2)→________ n．氢；氢气
6．access n．进入；接触的机会→________ adj.可使用的；可进入的；可接近的；易接近的
7．angle n．角→________ n．三角形
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
将汉语译成相应的英文短语
1．________________ 和某人交朋友
2．________________ 实际例子
3．________________ 总共是，总计为
4．________________ 初次，第一次
5．________________ 过去经常，曾经
6．________________ 征求某人的意见
7．________________ 一些，几个；一双，一对
8．________________ 不良行为
9．________________ 撞见某人正在做某事
10．________________ 把他的书包拖在身后
11．________________ 闯入；破门而入
12．________________ 为……欢呼、喝彩；给……加油
13．________________ 出故障
14．________________ (某人)用完(某物)
将英文短语译成汉语
1．pour... into...　　　　　________________
2．set off ________________
3．lack confidence in oneself ________________
4．give a presentation to ________________
5．if only ________________
6．make sure ________________
7．the path to success ________________
8．have access to ________________
9．be eager to learn ________________
10．be worthwhile ________________
11．crash into ________________
12．fall asleep ________________
课文研析·语篇理解
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．What can we know about Mr Jenkins
A．He was an excellent English teacher.
B．He was a bad teacher and a bit lazy.
C．He would explain hard things with practical examples.
D．He would force students to give presentations to the class.
2．What did Mr Jenkins think of Graham when they met for the first time
A．Bored. B．Brave.
C．Lazy. D．Bright.
3．According to Mr Jenkins, what is important when dealing with students
A．Making sure they are successful.
B．Treating them equally.
C．Really connecting with them.
D．Doing good things for them.
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Teaching is a job with challenges and stress.
B．Teaching is to prepare students for their future life.
C．Teachers should have great effects on their students.
D．Teachers should strengthen their communication with students.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
A
My Teacher
I wasn't very good at most school subjects, and I was also a difficult student. Once Mr Jenkins caught me and my friends seeing 1.________ could jump the farthest off the school stage. Before Mr Jenkins came, science had 2.________ (simple) been a subject full of strange words to me. I found it all so 3.________ (bore) and difficult, probably because I lacked confidence. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things with lots of 4.________ (practice) examples, like showing how the human stomach works 5.________ (use) acid and an onion. One day, we 6.________ (build) a rocket. Mr Jenkins let me pour some fuel 7.________ the rocket, and then another classmate lit a match to set 8.________ off.
Another time, he asked me to give a 9.________ (present) to the class. To Mr Jenkins, it is important 10.________ (have) access to students' minds and understand us. Though teaching is a stressful job, he feels that it is worthwhile.
B
My Student
When I read one of Graham's 1.________ (book) and see him on TV, I am proud 2.________ him. I used to teach him! I remember Graham was very difficult 3.________ I taught him. But he changed 4.________ (quick) after I set up 5.________ experiment. With my 6.________ (encourage), he had done very well in science subjects. How I wish I 7.________ (do) as well with all my students as I have with Graham. 8.________ (teach) is a stressful job but I love what I do. As a teacher I can help turn a child like Graham into a 9.________ (success) adult, and I know what I'm doing is worthwhile. Education is not preparation for life; education is life 10._____ (it).
教材助读·开放课堂
[教材原文]
My Teacher
I haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about① him 【1】. I wasn't very good at② most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins. I suppose I was a bit③ lazy, especially in maths. The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles④ of a triangle⑤ add up to⑥ 180 degrees 【2】！ But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in⑦ a subject for the first time⑧.
【1】本句为but连接的并列句。第一个并列分句中包含一个since引导的时间状语从句。since引导时间状语从句时，其对应的主句常用现在完成时。
【2】本句为主从复合句，其中I can remember from school maths为省略了关系代词that的定语从句(先行词被the only修饰，关系代词宜用that)；that the angles...degrees为that引导的表语从句。
Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of⑨ strange words to me. I had no idea what hydrogen⑩ was 【3】， and I didn't really want to know, either! I found it all so boring and difficult. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language . One day, he took us outside, and we built a rocket ! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off . It was great fun.
【3】what在此引导同位语从句，解释idea的具体内容。
I know that I wasn't a willing student, but I wasn't slow to learn new things. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths . I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class. That was really the first time I had tried to explain science to an audience 【4】 and now it's my job! Often when I'm preparing a programme, I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it. Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion 【5】！
【4】That was the first time...意为“第一次……”，the first time引导表语从句。
【5】if only引导从句常用虚拟语气表示主观愿望，意为“要是……就好了”。
[汉语译文]
我的老师
我虽然离开学校之后再也没有见过詹金斯先生，但我常常想起他。遇到詹金斯先生以前，大多数学校科目我都不是很擅长。我想我那时候有点懒惰，特别是在数学方面。我唯一能记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度！但是在我15岁那年走进了詹金斯先生的课堂时，我第一次对一门学科真正产生了兴趣。
在上詹金斯先生的课之前，科学课对我来说就是一堆奇怪的词语。我不知道氢是什么，而且也确实不想知道！我觉得这些东西既无聊又难以理解。但詹金斯先生让一切变得有趣起来。他过去常常结合很多实际例子并用简单的语言解释看似很难的东西。有一天，他把我们带到户外，一起造了一枚火箭！我记得他让我把一些燃料倒进火箭，然后另一个学生点燃了一根火柴发射火箭。这非常有趣。
我知道自己不是一个主动学习的学生，但我学习新事物并不慢，问题是我对自己缺乏信心。詹金斯先生让我认识到我有自己的长处。我对恒星和行星的研究感兴趣，他便让我给全班同学做了一个介绍。那真的是我第一次设法向观众讲解科学(知识)，现在这成了我的工作！在准备一个项目时，我常会想，如果是詹金斯先生，他会怎么做。有时我甚至想，要是能打电话征求他的意见就好了！
[词汇注释]
①think about想起，记起，考虑
②be good at擅长……
③a bit有点儿修饰形容词或副词，表示程度。
④angle/' g l/ n．角
⑤triangle/'tra g l/ n．三角形
⑥add up to总共是，总计为
⑦become interested in对……感兴趣
⑧for the first time初次，第一次
⑨full of充满……
⑩hydrogen/'ha dr d n/n．氢
used to过去经常，曾经
be/get/become used to doing sth.习惯于做某事(to是介词)
be used to do sth.被用来做某事
practical/'pr kt k l/adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的
practical examples实际例子
in simple language用简单的语言
rocket/'r k t/n.火箭
pour/p / vt.灌，注，倒
pour into投入(倒)……于某物
fuel/'fju l/n.燃料
set off引发，使爆炸；出发，动身；拉响(警报)
set off an alarm触发警报器
willing adj.乐意的；积极肯干的
lack/l k/vt.缺乏
lack confidence in oneself 对自己缺乏信心
have one's own strengths有某人自己的优势
presentation/ prez n'te n/n．报告；陈述，说明
give a presentation to给……做展示/报告
[教材原文]
My Student
I've read a couple of① Graham's books and seen him on TV. I always say to② my wife, “Oh look, I used to teach him！” I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class. I had heard stories about his bad behaviour③. Once I caught him and his friends seeing④ who could jump the farthest off the school stage! But when he got interested, he changed. The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging⑤ his schoolbag behind him and looking bored, but as soon as I set up⑥ an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid⑦ and an onion⑧， he gave me his full attention⑨ 【1】. He loved science! He was very bright and he had done very well in⑩ science subjects.
【1】本句为but连接的并列句。第一个分句中，The first day引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中，as soon as引导的时间状语从句中包含一个how引导的宾语从句。to show...works作目的状语；现在分词短语using acid and an onion作方式状语。
However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham 【2】. I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student. Look at Graham! Everyone is good at something and it's important to find out what that is for each student. We teachers should have more time to make friends with all our students and really understand them. Then we could make sure that we would find the path to success ， both at school and in later life, for all of them.
【2】本句中not...all...表示部分否定，意为“并非所有……都……”。
I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn 【3】. If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile 【4】. As John Dewey, the famous educationalist ， said, “Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.”
【3】本句为主从复合句，that在此引导表语从句，其中又含有一个when引导的时间状语从句。
【4】本句为主从复合句，If在此引导条件状语从句，then I know...worthwhile为主句。主句和从句中各包含一个what引导的主语从句。
[汉语译文]
我的学生
我读过几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看到过他。我总会对妻子说：“啊，看，我曾经教过他！”我记得格雷厄姆来我的班上之前很难相处。我听说过一些他的不良行为。有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛，看谁能从学校的舞台上往下跳得最远！但当他(对学习)产生兴趣时，他变了。他第一天走进我的班级时，书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子。但当我用酸和洋葱做实验来展示人类的胃如何运转时，他全神贯注。他热爱科学！他非常聪明，科学课学得非常好。
不过，并不是每一个学生我都能教得像格雷厄姆那么成功。我认为重要的是要知道没有所谓的好学生或者坏学生。看看格雷厄姆！每个人都有擅长的事，重要的是要找出每个学生擅长的是什么。我们老师应该花更多的时间和所有的学生交朋友，真正了解他们。这样才能确保我们为他们找到通向成功的道路，不管是在学业上还是以后的生活中。
我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我热爱我所做的工作。当老师意味着，当孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时，你有机会走进他们的内心。作为老师，如果我所做的可以帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成长为如此成功的人，那么我知道我做的是值得的。正如著名教育家约翰·杜威所说：“教育不是为生活做准备，教育就是生活本身。”
[词汇注释]
①a couple of一些，几个；一双，一对
②say to sb.对某人说
③behaviour/b 'he vj / n．行为，举止
bad behaviour不良行为
good behaviour良好行为
④catch sb. doing sth.撞见/发现某人正在做某事
⑤drag/dr g/vt.拖，拉
⑥set up成立，设置，开办
set up an experiment开展一项实验
⑦acid/' s d/n.酸
⑧onion/' nj n/n.洋葱
⑨give sb. one's full attention全神贯注于某人
⑩do well in在……方面做得好
make friends with sb.跟某人交朋友
make sure确保
the path to success成功之路
access/' kses/n.进入；接触的机会
have access to有使用或接近……的权利/机会
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
worthwhile/ w θ'wa l/adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的
educationalist / edj 'ke n l st/n.教育(学)家
a famous educationalist著名教育家
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的；实用的　practice n. & v．实践；练习　practically adv.实际地；几乎，差不多)
in practical use 在实际运用中
practical English 实用英语
practical life skills 实际生活技能
practical steps 实际措施
practical advice/help/support 切实可行的建议/帮助/支持
practical problems/difficulties 实际问题/困难
a teacher with practical experience 一位有实践经验的老师
combine theory with practice 将理论与实践相结合
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
in practice 实际上；在实践中
out of practice 缺乏练习/疏于练习
with practice 通过练习
Most importantly, we should develop our own practical ability.最重要的是，我们应该提高自身的实践能力。
My lack of practical experience was a disadvantage.
我缺少实践经验是个劣势。
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills.
戈登说，HUNCH计划对大学录取和实际生活技能有影响。
It's incredible that such a little student can put the theory into practice.这么小的学生就能把理论付诸实践，真是难以置信。
He is badly out of practice.他严重缺乏练习。
He practices running every morning.他每天早晨练习跑步。
He practices economy.他厉行节约。
Practice makes perfect.(谚语)熟能生巧。
[拓展归纳]　
be good practice for sth.对……是有益的练习
do practice 做……方面的练习
give sb. practice in sth.让某人练习……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It wouldn't be ________ (practice) for us to go all that way just for the weekend.
②If you don't play regularly, you'll soon get ________ of practice.
③The children need more practice ________ tying their shoelaces.
④I have had a lot of practice in ________ (say) “no” recently.
写出句中practical的含义
⑤From a practical viewpoint, I advise you not to go.________
⑥Your invention has proved to be of much practical value.________
2．pour vt. 灌，注，倒
(教材原句)I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket... 我记得他让我把一些燃料倒进火箭……
pour down 向下倾注；(雨)倾盆而下
pour... into... 把……投入/倒于……
pour out 倾倒；倾吐
pour cold water on 对……泼冷水
pour sb. a cup of tea (＝pour a cup of tea for sb.)
为某人倒一杯茶
pour in 大量地涌进来；倒入
pour into 涌进……；投入(倒)……于某物
pour... on... 把……倒在……上
pour with rain 下滂沱大雨
(1)vt.倾倒 vi. & vt.倒，斟(饮料)
Pour the honey into the bowl and mix it thoroughly with the other ingredients.
把蜂蜜倒进碗里并把它和其他原料充分混合。
Would you like me to pour a cup of tea for you
我给你倒杯茶好吗？
(2)vi.(雨)倾盆而下
She watched the rain pouring down the windows.
她注视着顺着窗户往下流的雨水。
It never rains but it pours.(谚)祸不单行。
(3)vi.不断涌向(＝flood)；涌流
Letters of congratulations poured in from all parts of the country.祝贺信从全国各地大量涌来。
People poured into the square from all parts of the city.
人们从全市各区涌向这座广场。
She listened attentively when I poured out my trouble.
我倾吐心中的烦恼时，她聚精会神地听着。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He was so worried that the sweat began to pour ________ his face.
②News, facts and opinions pour ________ from every corner of the world.
③The government poured a large sum of money ________ the project.
④He would like to pour ________ some wine for himself the moment he was at home.
⑤He poured the dirty water ________ the ground.
完成句子
⑥That summer the heavy rain ________________ (向下倾注) for two days and nights.
⑦Good news keeps ________________ (涌入) from various fronts.
3．fuel n．燃料　v．给……加油；给……提供燃料；推动；刺激；加剧　
fuel supply 燃料供应
add fuel to the fire 火上浇油
chemical/fossil/nuclear/solid fuel 化学/化石/核/固体燃料
fuel one's appetite 刺激某人的食欲
3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.
3D打印可以减少燃料使用和排放物。
Burning fossil fuels uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide.燃烧化石燃料消耗氧气并产生二氧化碳。
The car is being fuelled in preparation for the race.
那辆小汽车正在加油，准备参加比赛。
It is consistent and growing profit that has fuelled the company's success.正是持续增长的利润推动了公司的成功。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①His aggressive words only ________ (fuel) the argument further.
写出句中fuel的词性及含义
②The new machine was fuelled by oil in enormous quantities.____________
③The factories shut down for want of fuel and materials.____________
④Intense wildfires have been fuelled by fierce Santa Ana winds.____________
4．lack vt. & n．缺乏，短缺　lacking adj.缺少的；没有的
(教材原句)The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.我的问题是对自己缺乏信心。
lack confidence 缺乏信心
lack enough data 缺乏足够的数据
lack (for) nothing 没有欠缺
(a) lack of 缺乏；没有
for lack of 因缺乏……
be lacking in 缺乏……
Despite the fact that they lacked food, the explorers continued toward the goal.
尽管缺乏食物，但探险者们继续向目标行进。
The reason why he failed in the driving test is that he lacked confidence in himself.
他驾照考试失败的原因是对自己缺乏信心。
Despite his lack of experience, he got the job.
尽管缺乏经验，他还是得到了那份工作。
She can't go to the party for lack of proper dress.
因为没有合适的衣服，她不能去参加聚会。
None of his plans ever comes through because he is lacking in determination.他的计划没有一个成功，因为他缺乏决心。
[误区警示]　lack作动词时，常用作及物动词，其后直接接宾语。
lack作名词时，其后接介词of。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There is ________ lack of people wanting to start up new businesses.
②This evening newspaper is ________ (lack) in analytical articles.
③More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ lack of space.
完成句子
④Stress and tiredness often result in ________________________ (缺乏) concentration.
⑤Many associations are breaking up ________________ (因缺乏) money.
⑥A diet ________________ (缺少) nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.
5．presentation n．报告；陈述，说明；授予；演出
(教材原句)．..he asked me to give a presentation to the class.……他便让我给全班同学做了一个展示。
give a presentation 作报告
deliver/make a clear presentation 作清楚的陈述
deliver/make a short presentation 作一个简短的陈述
give a presentation of 对……做陈述
make a presentation (of) 做(……)陈述/介绍(……)；演示(……)
oral presentations 口头报告
The first chapter of the book gives a presentation of the scientist's theory.这本书的第一章介绍了这位科学家的理论。
I am honoured to make a presentation of our new English teacher.我很荣幸向大家介绍我们新来的英语老师。
The presentation of prizes will begin at three o'clock.
颁奖仪式将在三点开始。
[拓展]　(1)present vt.上演；展现；授予；颁发
present sb. with sth.颁发给某人某物；送给某人某物
present sth. to sb.把某物捐赠给某人
(2)adj.现在的，目前的；出席的，到场的　n．现在；礼物
be present at the meeting出席会议
presnet adj.
the scientists present at the meeting出席会议的科学家
the present
at present现在；目前
(3)presenter n．(广播、电视)节目主持人；演讲人；发言人
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①You have your ________ (present) prepared and you're ready to start.
②My classmates and I are overjoyed to hear that you'll stay in our school for one week this summer vacation, during which time you'll give us a ________ (present) about art in western countries.
③The educationalist presented a medal ________ each winner in the sports meeting.
④Always make your ________ (present) just a bit shorter than anticipated.
写出句中present的词性及含义
⑤She is too angry at the present moment to listen to the reason.____________
⑥There were twenty people in all present at the meeting.____________
⑦Father's birthday present was hidden in the kitchen cupboard.____________
⑧The headmaster presented her with a gold medal.____________
6．behaviour n．行为，举止　behave v．表现；有礼貌
(教材原句)I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.
我听说过一些他的不良行为。
good/bad behaviour 良好/恶劣行为
social behaviour 社会行为
behaviour problems 行为问题
change one's behaviour 改变某人的行为
examine one's behaviour 检查某人的行为
behaviour disorder 行为异常
be on one's best behaviour 尽量表现得体
She is pleased with her child's good behaviour.
她对自己孩子的良好行为感到欣慰。
She drank too much and wasn't on her best behaviour.
她喝得太多了，举止不太得体。
Knowing these causes can make us examine our behaviour, and correct bad habits.
了解这些原因可以让我们检查自己的行为，纠正坏习惯。
If you don't know how to behave yourself at table in a foreign country, you should copy the host.
如果你在国外不知道餐桌礼仪，你应该效仿主人的做法。
Parents should educate their children to behave well.
父母应当教育子女守规矩。
[拓展]　behave properly举止得当
behave well/badly (to/towards sb.)
(对某人)表现好/不好
be well-behaved/badly-behaved表现好/差的
behave like (＋n./pron.)表现得像……
behave oneself守规矩，举止得体
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If he really cared for you, he wouldn't behave ________ that.
②She was ________ her best behaviour because she wanted a present on her birthday.
③He told his pupils to behave ________ (they) and not to chat while listening to a lecture.
④Your bad ________ (behave) is totally unacceptable on such an occasion.
完成句子
⑤Mind and ________________ (守规矩) and don't be any trouble.
7．drag v．拖，拉；迫使，劝人勉强来(或去)；缓慢而费力地行进　n．累赘；阻力
(教材原句)… he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored...
……他书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子……
drag... away (from) 将……(从……)拖走
drag... out of 把……从……中拖出来
drag behind 落在(某人或某事物)后面；(质量等)落后
When you can drag him away from his work, he can also be a devoted father.
当你能强迫他远离工作的时候，他也可以是个充满爱心的父亲。
I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise regularly.我发现很难强迫自己经常出来锻炼。
She always drags behind when we walk anywhere.
我们每走到什么地方她都慢慢腾腾吃力地跟在后面。
High interest rates are a drag on the housing market.
高利率是住房市场上的一个阻力。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It will take two elephants to drag all the wood ________．
②He loves his family, but they're ________ drag on his career.
③I wanted to stay, but she ________ (drag) me off to help her shop.
④She dragged herself ________ of bed, still half asleep.
⑤The tired old man dragged himself slowly ________ the others.
写出句中drag的词性及含义
⑥The policemen dragged the men out of the vehicles.____________
⑦Having to work late every day is a drag.____________
8．access n．进入；接触的机会；通路；入口；(使用、查阅、接近或见到的)机会　vt.进入；使用；获取，存取(计算机文件)；到达
(教材原句)The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds...
做教师意味着，你有机会……走进孩子们的心灵。
the access to... ……的通道；……的机会
have access to 有权使用……；有接近……的机会
gain/get access to 得到……的使用权；获得接近……的机会
give access to... 准许出入……；能接触或到达……
be denied access to sb. 被拒绝见某人
The only access to success is to have a clear goal and enough preparation to achieve it.
成功的唯一机会就是有一个清晰的目标和实现它的充分准备。
All the students in our school have free access to the library.我们学校的所有学生都能免费使用图书馆。
The Yangtze River would give access to much of China's interior.长江使得人们能够到达中国内陆许多地方。
We can't access the Internet.我们连不上网。
We accessed the wall through the South Gate.
我们是通过南门进入城墙的。
We can access mail remotely.我们可以远程获取邮件。
[单词积累]　accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的；可接近的→inaccessible adj.难以达到的
be accessible to……可使用；……可进入
more accessible to young people 更容易为年轻人所了解
remain inaccessible 仍然无法访问
Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to the children.
药物不应放在孩子可以拿到的地方。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Campuses are usually ________ (access) by public transportation.
②This scientist ________ (access) different files to find the correct information.
单句写作
③住在这里的人可以免费使用这个游泳池。
________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________(access n．)
9．worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的
(教材原句)．.. then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.
……那么我知道我做的是值得的。
[句式]　It is worthwhile 　做某事是值得的。
be worth＋n./pron. 值得……，值……
be worth doing 值得做(主动表被动)
be worthy of＋n. 值得……
be worthy of being done＝be worthy to be done 值得被做
It is worthwhile consulting your tutor about it again.
再向你的导师咨询一下这个问题是值得的。
Do you think it is worthwhile to spend so much money carrying out this project
你认为花这么多钱来实施这个项目值得吗？
[误区警示]　worthwhile和worthy除作表语之外还可作定语，而worth只能作表语。
如：a worthy man一位可敬的人
a worthwhile
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ isn't worthwhile spending so much time on minor problems.
②It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ________ (introduce) better ones of your own.
选词填空：worth/worthy/worthwhile
③It is ________ to get aboard a train to see country scenery.
④This book is a monumental work ______ of China's new cultural movement.
⑤The job involves a lot of hard work but it's ________ it.
第二版块|重要短语
1．add up to总共是，总计为；结果是；表示
(教材原句)The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!
我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度！
add up 合计，把……加起来；说得通
add... to... 把……加到……上
add to 增加，增添；扩建
add that... 补充说……，继续说……
The numbers of women doctors and women nurses in the hospital add up to two hundred and five.
这个医院的女医生、女护士共计二百零五人。
I don't think these facts will add up to anything.
我认为这些事实说明不了任何问题。
Add up all the income you've received over the period.
把这段时间你收到的所有收入加起来。
I can't understand this case; the facts just don't add up.
我不理解这一案例；这些事实不合情理。
We need to use our imagination and add art to our teaching.我们需要运用我们的想象力，在教学中加入艺术。
He then added that he was very pleased to see me again.
他然后又补充说他再次见到我感到很高兴。
Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night.
烟火使节日之夜更加生辉。
[比较]　add up to后跟合计起来的数作宾语，主语常是number, figure, bill等；
add to的宾语多为difficulty, pleasure, trouble等抽象名词。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①For a hit show, profits can add up ________ millions of dollars.
②The dictionary is out of date: many words have ________ (add) to the language since it was published.
③At the exits polite assistants will take the goods and add ________ the cost.
④The newly constructed high buildings add greatly ________ the beauty of this city.
选词填空：add to/add...to.../add up/add up to
⑤Will you ________ more sugar ________ your coffee
⑥Please ________ the numbers and I'm sure they will ________ more than 1，000.
⑦The heavy snow yesterday ________ the traffic burden of the city at rush hour.
2．for the first time初次，第一次
(教材原句)… I really became interested in a subject for the first time.……我第一次对一门学科真正产生了兴趣。
For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.
多少年来第一次，她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
Long pauses, heart sinking. But he pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
长时间的停顿，心往下沉。但他坚持了下来，有生以来第一次为一个陌生人演奏。(说明：play for a stranger中间插入了for the first time in his life，以强调“第一次”)
[误区警示]　(1)for the first time是介词短语，在句中作时间状语。
I'll never forget hearing this piece of music for the first time.
我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子时的情景。
(2)the first time是名词短语，可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
I felt nervous the first time I gave a speech to many students.
我第一次给许多学生做演讲时感到紧张。
[学法点拨]　可用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语或副词：
(1)the first/second/... time第一/二/……次
(2)every/the last/the next time每次/上次/下次
(3)the moment/minute/second一……就……
I'll give you a call the moment I finish.
我一完成就给你打电话。
(4)immediately/directly一……就……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I sampled the delights of Greek cooking ________ the first time.
②I told Joan the good news ________ (immediate) I saw her this afternoon.
③I have to go to Dallas ________ moment the meeting finishes.
完成句子
④I went to the inland city ________________________ (第一次) when I was ten.
⑤We recognised his voice ________________________ (一……就……) he spoke.
⑥________________ (每次) I catch a cold, my nose runs.
3．used to过去经常，曾经
(教材原句)He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
他过去常常结合很多实际例子，并用简单的语言解释看似很难的知识。
I used to stay up late and read for half an hour before going to bed.我过去常常熬夜并且在睡觉之前读半小时书。
Agriculture used to be the economic backbone of this country.农业曾是这个国家的经济支柱。
[比较]　used to do sth./be used to (doing) sth./be used to do sth.
(1)used to do sth.过去常常做某事，曾经做某事(强调现在不这样了)；
I used to get up early and take an hour's walk before breakfast.我过去常常很早起床并且在早餐之前散步一小时。
(2)be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词)；
He is used to the warm climate of the south.
他习惯了南方温暖的气候。
(3)be used to do sth.被用来做某事(被动语态)。
Wood will be used to build the farmhouse.
木材将被用来建造农舍。
[一言辨异]　The old man used to watch TV after supper, but now he is used to taking a walk in the park and his stick is used to help him walk.这位老人过去经常在晚饭后看电视，但现在他习惯于在公园散步，他的拐杖被用来帮他走路。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My grandparents are used ________ the life in the suburbs.
②Music and lighting are used ________ (encourage) shoppers to buy more.
③If you want to join them, you should get used to ________ (act) independently.
完成句子
④Her library ________________ (过去是) a meeting place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge.
⑤________________ (她过去常常) give lectures to teenagers
⑥We ____________ (曾经) get information from newspapers, but now we ____________ (习惯于) searching for it on the Internet.
4．a couple of一些，几个；一双，一对
(教材原句)I've read a couple of Graham's books and seen him on TV.我读了几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看到过他。
a couple of days 几天
an old couple 老两口
in couples 成双成对地
a newly married couple 新婚夫妇
As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.
正如几周前有人在这篇文章中指出的，他们吃的食物很好，而且从不增重。
The dancers appeared on the stage in couples.
舞蹈演员们成双成对地出现在舞台上。,[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The doctor ordered him to stay in bed for ________ couple of days.
②It is said that this kind of bird appears ________ couples.
完成句子
③He has been down with the flu for ________________________ (几天).
5．catch sb. doing sth.撞见某人正在做某事
be caught/trapped in the storm 被困在暴风雨中
be/get caught/trapped in heavy traffic 遭遇交通堵塞
He was caught cheating in the exam.
他被发现考试作弊了。
You wouldn't catch me working(＝I would never work) on a Sunday！你绝对不会看到我在星期日工作！
She caught herself wondering whether she had made a mistake.她发觉自己在怀疑是否犯了错误。
[说明]　(1)catch意为“当场发现(或发觉)”。
(2)doing sth.作宾语补足语，该短语常用于被动语态；注意catch用于该结构时，宾补不能用其他非谓语形式。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The child was caught ________ (walk) across the road by himself.
②I don't want to catch you ________ (push) yourself into the picture to get some personal publicity.
③My niece had one trip last year where she ________ (catch) by a hurricane in America.
第三版块|典型句式
1．what引导名词性从句
(教材原句)I had no idea what hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, either!
我不知道氢是什么，而且也不想知道！
[句式分析]　what引导名词性从句：what可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，what可译成“……的东西/事情”。
What made my mother upset was that my younger brother was ill.
让我妈妈不安的事情是我弟弟病了。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)
I trust my teacher, so I believe what he said.
我信任我的老师，所以我相信他说的话。(what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
The singer is no longer what he used to be 10 years ago.
这位歌手不再是10年前的样子了。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语)
I have no idea what has happened to him.
我不知道他发生了什么事。(what引导同位语从句，并在从句中作主语)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see ________ he can do.
②“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.
③Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild...
完成句子
④________________________________ (这段经历让人如此激动不已的) is the out-of-this-world scenes.
2．if only句式中的虚拟语气
(教材原句)Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
有时我甚至想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了！
If only I would have a good chance to study German.
但愿我将能得到一个学习德语的好机会。
If only we had been college students last year!
去年我们要是大学生该多好！
[学法点拨]　if only后跟虚拟语气的三种情况：
(1)对现在情况的虚拟：主语＋动词过去式(be用were)＋其他。
(2)对过去情况的虚拟：主语＋had＋过去分词＋其他。
(3)对将来情况的虚拟：主语＋could/would/might＋动词原形＋其他。
If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary.
要是他们现在在这儿，我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念日了。
If only you had come to my birthday party last night.
要是你昨晚来参加我的生日聚会就好了。
If only it would stop raining！但愿雨能停下来！
[说明]　(1)在if only这个短语中，only只是加强if的语气，该短语不仅能表达说话人的愿望，而且能表达条件。
(2)if only常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件，意为“但愿”“要是……该多好啊”等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I can't find a solution to this problem. If only he ________ (be) here!
②He is involved in the trouble now. If only he ________ (listen) to his parents!
完成句子
③The snow was soft and deep outside. ________________ (要是他能出去……就好了) to try his new sledge.
④______________________________ (我只有得到一份全职工作) will I be able to support my family.
⑤____________________ (要是我能睡会儿), I would be able to feel better.
⑥I need to take the English exam again. If only ____________________________ (我通过了上一次考试)！
3．现在分词(短语)作宾补(宾语与作宾补的动词之间是主动关系)
(教材原句)Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage！有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛，看谁能从学校的舞台上跳得最远！
You won't catch me inviting those people to my house again.你不会见到我再邀请那些人到我家来了。
[归纳拓展]　(1)动词的宾语补足语
①位于感官动词(短语)后：如see、notice、observe、hear、feel、smell、watch、find、listen to、look at等。
He observed a stranger hanging around the store.
他看到一个陌生人在商店附近闲逛。
She felt anger arising in her heart.她感到心中涌起股怒气。
注意：v.-ing作宾补，表示动作正在进行；而动词原形作宾补，则表示动作的全过程。试比较：
I saw him getting out of the car.我看见他正从小汽车里出来。
I saw him get out of the car.我看见他从小汽车里出来了。
②位于其他动词后：如have、get、keep、leave、catch、set等。
She kept me waiting for over twenty minutes.
她让我等了20多分钟。
His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思。
(2)with复合结构
在with复合结构中，如果宾语发出动作，且表示动作持续或进行，则用现在分词作宾补。
I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
因为妈妈病了，我无法去度假。
在with复合结构中，动词不定式作宾补虽然也表示宾语发出动作，但是表示动作将要发生。
With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish it on time.有这么多人帮忙，我们一定能按时完成它。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If you are caught ________ (cheat) in the exam, you can hardly get away with it.
②After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice ________ (call) him.
③Peter, a colleague of mine, was standing on the bridge and watching boats ________ (pass) by.
④The dancer's incredible performance had the audience on its feet ________ (clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
⑤China's image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ (recognise) its role in international affairs.
句型转换
⑥The operator left hurriedly and the machine was still running.→The operator left hurriedly ________________________ (with复合结构)
4．There's no such＋可数名词单数＋as...没有像……这样的……
(教材原句)I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student.
我认为重要的是要知道没有所谓的好学生或者坏学生。
There's no such thing as a free lunch in the world.
世界上没有免费的午餐。
[归纳拓展]　比较顺序
(1)all、some、many、much、few、little、several、one等＋such＋名词。
(2)当such与a/an同时修饰单数可数名词时，such在前，a/an在后，如such a chance。
[学法点拨]　在“There's no such...＋as...”中，no相当于not a/an，所以后面的可数名词单数前不加冠词。即：no such＋单数名词＝not such＋a/an＋单数名词。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He had never seen such ________ strange car before.
完成句子
②There is ________________________ (没有这样的一个学生) who is called Tom in our class.
③I think ________________________ (魔法这种东西是不存在的).
④______________________________ (没有失败这回事). It's just an opportunity to learn.
5．现在分词短语作状语
(教材原句)．.. but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion, he gave me his full attention.
……但当我用酸和洋葱做一个展示人类的胃如何运作的实验时，他全神贯注。
[句式分析]　现在分词短语作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随。
Having persuaded him to change his mind, I went on a journey with him.
说服他改变主意后，我跟他一起去旅行了。(时间状语，相当于时间状语从句)
Being ill, she didn't go to school as usual today.
因为生病，她今天没像往常一样去上学。(原因状语，相当于原因状语从句)
Turning right, you will find the place you want.
往右转，你就会找到你要找的地方了。(条件状语，相当于条件状语从句)
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
尽管知道了这一切，他们还是让我赔偿损失。(让步状语，相当于让步状语从句)
The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.
那位母亲去世了，给她的孩子们留下了一大笔钱。(结果状语，表示自然而然的结果)
He sat at the table reading China Daily.
他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。(伴随状语)
[总结]　一般情况下，分词短语作原因、时间、条件、让步、方式状语时，往往放在句首；分词短语作伴随、结果、比较状语时往往放在句末。(但unless引导条件状语时常常置于句尾。)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ (approach) the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.
②________ (see) from the hill, you will find the city extremely beautiful.
③Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ________ (use) the sun and the stars.
④A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ (reflect) man's intelligence and creativity.
⑤________ (step) forward, I said, “Dad, here is what I received for my work...”
6．not all部分否定
(教材原句)However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.
不过，并不是每一个学生我都能像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
[句式说明]　总括性词与not连用时，表示部分否定。这类总括性词有all、both、every、everything、everybody、everyone、always、altogether等。
Not all birds can fly.＝All birds can't fly.
并不是所有的鸟都会飞。
We are not always busy！我们并不总是这么忙！
[易错警示]　表示全部否定意义的词(none、neither、nothing、nobody、no one、never等)与肯定形式的谓语动词连用，表示全部否定。
None of my friends came.我的朋友一个都没来。
We know nothing about her family.
我们对她的家庭一无所知。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①But ________________ (并非所有的幽默感) are created equal.
②________ (并不是所有的顾客) are tourists.
③并不是每个人都能做到那一点——它需要多年的经验，但打印机使它变得容易。
________________ can do that—it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy.
④There's ________________ (你什么忙也帮不上).
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I managed to ________ (拖) my lazy nephew from his bed.
2．You need a password to get ________ (进入) to the computer system so that you can open the app.
3．It's really ________ (值得做的) for my niece to pay a visit to her desired colleges personally before applying.
4．He was ashamed of his rude ________ (行为) and apologised to his teacher.
5．The purpose of this programme is to develop the competitors' ________ (实践的) abilities.
6．The educationalist has ________ (投入) millions into the education system.
7．What my mate ________ (缺乏) are patience and determination.
8．The famous educationalist delivered a ________ (报告) to the students of the university.
9．It wasn't worthwhile ________ (继续) with the project.
Ⅱ.短语填空
for lack of, have access to, a couple of, used to, for the first time, pour into
1．There are ____________ things I have to handle first before going out with you.
2．Students ____________ good resources in the secondary school.
3．I ____________ associate with those naughty guys as a young boy.
4．Our trip to Beijing was delayed ____________ financial support.
5．I was delighted to come across my former mate in the restaurant ____________ after he had been away for ten years.
6．Crowds of passionate tourists ____________ London during the summer months every year.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I turned to find him ________ (come) towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
2．Grant didn't wait—clutching (抓牢) the baby to his chest and ________ (drag) the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway.
3．An important part of its corn is used ________ (feed) chickens, pigs, and cattle.
4．Knowing these causes can make us examine our ________ (behave), and correct bad habits.
5．Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by giving access ________ online reading at a library branch.
6．The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add ________ the ever-growing list.
7．Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are ________ (practice).
8．________ the first time in my life, I actually felt cool. Now I know who I am!
9．Lack ________ talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
10．Oh Kevin, I'm preparing a ________ (present) for the city library. It's about a girl named Tracy Woods.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我的侄子忘了把那封信寄给我。要是他没忘记寄就好了。
My nephew forgot to send that letter to me. ________________________ to send it.
2．仍然重要的是，我们有一种令人难以置信的去思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。
________________________ is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
3．他当着我的面所说的话让我很难过。
__________________________ in front of me made me upset.
4．自从中学毕业以来，我一直没有见过我的英语老师。
I __________________________ my English teacher since I left secondary school.
5．当你在预习功课的时候，你应该标出使你困惑的地方。
You should highlight ________________________ when previewing your lessons.
6．我侄女尝试了一种新的食谱，结果减肥了。
My niece tried a new diet, ________________．
7．并不是所有的学生都能在截止日期前上交他们的论文。
____________________________ can hand in their papers before the deadline.
8．在西部地区当志愿老师时，这个女孩对绘画产生了兴趣。
__________________________ in the west, the girl took up painting.
Section B　Lesson 1 Teachers
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．angle　2.rocket　3.pour　4.fuel　5.drag　6.acid　7.onion
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．practice; practical　2.present; presentation　3.behave; behaviour　4.educate; education; educational　5.oxygen; hydrogen　6.accessible　7.triangle
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．make friends with sb.　2.practical example　3.add up to　4.for the first time　5.used to　6.ask for one's opinion
7．a couple of　8.bad behaviour　9.catch sb. doing sth.
10．drag his schoolbag behind him　11.break into
12．cheer for　13.break down　14.(sb.) run out of (sth.)
1．把……投入/倒进……　2.引发，使爆炸；出发，动身
3．对自己缺乏信心　4.给……做报告　5.要是……就好了　6.确保　7.成功之路　8.有使用或接近……的权利/机会　9.渴望学习　10.是值得的　11.撞上　12.入睡
课文研析·语篇理解
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．C　2.A　3.C　4.A
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
A
1．who　2.simply　3.boring　4.practical　5.using　6.built
7．into　8.it　9.presentation　10.to have
B
1．books　2.of　3.before　4.quickly　5.an
6．encouragement　7.had done　8.Teaching　9.successful　10.itself
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．① ②out　③in　④saying　⑤实际的　⑥实用的
2．①down　②in　③into　④out　⑤on　⑥poured down　
⑦pouring in
3．①fuelled　②动词，给……提供燃料　③名词，燃料　④动词，加剧
4．①a　②lacking　③for/from　④(a) lack of　⑤for/from lack of　⑥lacking in
5．①presentation　②presentation　③to　④presentation
⑤形容词，现在的　⑥形容词，在场的　⑦名词，礼物
⑧动词，颁发
6．①like　②on　③themselves　④behaviour
⑤behave yourself
7．①away　②a　③dragged　④out　⑤behind　⑥动词，拖　⑦名词，阻力
8．①accessible　②accessed　③People living here can have free access to the swimming pool.
9．①It　②introducing　③worthwhile　④worthy　⑤worth
第二版块|重要短语
1．①to　②been added　③up　④to　⑤add; to　⑥add up; add up to　⑦added to
2．①for　②immediately　③the　④for the first time　⑤the moment/the minute/the second/immediately/directly
⑥Every time
3．①to　②to encourage　③acting　④used to be　⑤Used she to/Did she use to　⑥used to; are used to
4．①a　②in　③a couple of days
5．①walking　②pushing　③was caught
第三版块|典型句式
1．①what　②what　③what　④What is so breathtaking about the experience
2．①were　②had listened　③If only he could get out
④Only if I get a full-time job　⑤If only I could get some sleep　⑥I had passed the last exam
3．①cheating　②calling　③passing　④clapping
⑤recognising　⑥with the machine still running
4．①a　②no such student　③there is no such thing as magic
④There is no such thing as failure
5．①Approaching　②Seeing　③using　④reflecting
⑤Stepping
6．①not all senses of humour　②Not all the customers
③Not everybody　④nothing you can do to help
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．drag　2.access　3.worthwhile　4.behaviour　5.practical
6．poured　7.lacks　8.presentation　9.continuing/to continue
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．a couple of　2.have access to　3.used to　4.for lack of
5．for the first time　6.pour into
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：coming　find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事，由语境可知，此处用现在分词作宾补。句意：我转过身，发现他正朝我走来，他小小的身体一边向前摆动，一边左右摇晃。该句中his small body rocking from side to side为“名词＋现在分词短语”构成的独立主格结构。
2．答案与解析：dragging　空格处与clutching并列，均为现在分词短语作伴随状语。句意：格兰特没有等——他把婴儿抱起来，把男孩拖到旁边，沿着走廊跑去。
3．答案与解析：to feed　be used to do sth.被用来做某事。句意：它(所生产)的玉米中重要的一部分被用来喂鸡、猪和牛。
4．答案与解析：behaviour　动词examine后面应用名词作宾语。句意：了解这些原因可以让我们审视自己的行为，改正坏习惯。
5．答案与解析：to　give access to“接近，有机会进入”。句意：由协作网络连接的公共图书馆通过提供在图书馆分馆进行在线阅读的机会让读者受益。
6．答案与解析：to　add to...增加到……，为固定搭配。句意：有规律锻炼的好处已经有很好的证明了，但又有一项新的好处要增加到日益增长的列表上了。
7．答案与解析：practical　系动词后接形容词作表语。句意：关于月球成分的数据，比如它包含多少冰和其他宝藏，能够帮助中国决定未来的月球基地计划是否可行。
8．答案与解析：For　for the first time第一次。句意：在我的生命中，我第一次真正感觉很酷。现在我知道我是谁了！
9．答案与解析：of　lack of缺乏。句意：缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。
10．答案与解析：presentation　prepare a presentation准备一份报告。句意：哦，凯文，我在为市图书馆准备一份报告，是关于一个叫特蕾西·伍兹的女孩的。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．If only he had remembered
2．What remains important
3．What he said
4．haven't seen
5．what puzzles you
6．losing her weight
7．Not all students
8．Working as a volunteer teacher
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共179张PPT)
Section B　Lesson 1　Teachers
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 角
2．____________ n. 火箭
3．____________ vt. 灌，注，倒
4．____________ n. 燃料
5．____________ vt. 拖，拉
6．____________ n. 酸
7．____________ n. 洋葱
angle
rocket
pour
fuel
drag
acid
onion
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n. 实践；练习→________ adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的
2．________ vt.陈述→___________ n．报告；陈述，说明
3．________ vi.表现→________ n．行为，举止
practice
practical
present
presentation　
behave
behaviour　
4．________ v．教育→________ n．教育→________ adj.教育的→educationalist n．教育(学)家
5．________ n．氧气(化学式：O2)→________ n．氢；氢气
6．access n．进入；接触的机会→________ adj.可使用的；可进入的；可接近的；易接近的
7．angle n．角→________ n．三角形
educate
education
educational
oxygen
hydrogen
accessible　
triangle

make friends with sb.
practical example　
add up to　
for the first time　
used to　
ask for one's opinion
7．________________ 一些，几个；一双，一对
8．________________ 不良行为
9．________________ 撞见某人正在做某事
10．_________________________ 把他的书包拖在身后
11．________________ 闯入；破门而入
12．________________ 为……欢呼、喝彩；给……加油
13．________________ 出故障
14．________________ (某人)用完(某物)
a couple of
bad behaviour
catch sb. doing sth.
drag his schoolbag behind him　
break into
cheer for
break down
(sb.) run out of (sth.)

把……投入/倒进……
引发，使爆炸；出发，动身
对自己缺乏信心　
给……做报告
要是……就好了
6．make sure ________________
7．the path to success ________________
8．have access to __________________________
9．be eager to learn ________________
10．be worthwhile ________________
11．crash into ________________
12．fall asleep ________________
确保　
成功之路
有使用或接近……的权利/机会
渴望学习
是值得的
撞上　
入睡
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．What can we know about Mr Jenkins
A．He was an excellent English teacher.
B．He was a bad teacher and a bit lazy.
C．He would explain hard things with practical examples.
D．He would force students to give presentations to the class.
C
2．What did Mr Jenkins think of Graham when they met for the first time
A．Bored. B．Brave.
C．Lazy. D．Bright.
A
3．According to Mr Jenkins, what is important when dealing with students
A．Making sure they are successful.
B．Treating them equally.
C．Really connecting with them.
D．Doing good things for them.
C
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Teaching is a job with challenges and stress.
B．Teaching is to prepare students for their future life.
C．Teachers should have great effects on their students.
D．Teachers should strengthen their communication with students.
A
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
A
My Teacher
I wasn't very good at most school subjects, and I was also a difficult student. Once Mr Jenkins caught me and my friends seeing 1.________ could jump the farthest off the school stage. Before Mr Jenkins came, science had 2.________ (simple) been a subject full of strange words to me. I found it all so 3.________ (bore) and difficult, probably because I lacked confidence. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting.
who　
simply
boring　
He used to explain things with lots of 4.________ (practice) examples, like showing how the human stomach works 5.________ (use) acid and an onion. One day, we 6.________ (build) a rocket. Mr Jenkins let me pour some fuel 7.________ the rocket, and then another classmate lit a match to set 8.________ off.
Another time, he asked me to give a 9._________ (present) to the class. To Mr Jenkins, it is important 10.________ (have) access to students' minds and understand us. Though teaching is a stressful job, he feels that it is worthwhile.
practical
using　
built
into
it　
presentation　
to have
B
My Student
When I read one of Graham's 1.________ (book) and see him on TV, I am proud 2.________ him. I used to teach him! I remember Graham was very difficult 3.________ I taught him. But he changed 4.________ (quick) after I set up 5.________ experiment. With my 6.______________ (encourage), he had done very well in science subjects. How I wish I 7.________ (do) as well with all my students as I have with Graham. 8.________ (teach) is a stressful job but I love what I do. As a teacher I can help turn a child like Graham into a 9.________ (success) adult, and I know what I'm doing is worthwhile. Education is not preparation for life; education is life 10._____ (it).
books
of　
before　
quickly　
an
encouragement
had done　
Teaching　
successful
itself
[教材原文]
My Teacher
I haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about① him 【1】. I wasn't very good at② most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins. I suppose I was a bit③ lazy, especially in maths. The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles④ of a triangle⑤ add up to⑥ 180 degrees 【2】！ But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in⑦ a subject for the first time⑧.
【1】本句为but连接的并列句。第一个并列分句中包含一个since引导的时间状语从句。since引导时间状语从句时，其对应的主句常用现在完成时。
【2】本句为主从复合句，其中I can remember from school maths为省略了关系代词that的定语从句(先行词被the only修饰，关系代词宜用that)；that the angles...degrees为that引导的表语从句。
Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of⑨ strange words to me. I had no idea what hydrogen⑩ was 【3】， and I didn't really want to know, either! I found it all so boring and difficult. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language . One day, he took us outside, and we built a rocket ! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off . It was great fun.
【3】what在此引导同位语从句，解释idea的具体内容。
I know that I wasn't a willing student, but I wasn't slow to learn new things. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths . I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class. That was really the first time I had tried to explain science to an audience 【4】 and now it's my job! Often when I'm preparing a programme, I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it. Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion 【5】！
【4】That was the first time...意为“第一次……”，the first time引导表语从句。
【5】if only引导从句常用虚拟语气表示主观愿望，意为“要是……就好了”。
[汉语译文]
我的老师
我虽然离开学校之后再也没有见过詹金斯先生，但我常常想起他。遇到詹金斯先生以前，大多数学校科目我都不是很擅长。我想我那时候有点懒惰，特别是在数学方面。我唯一能记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度！但是在我15岁那年走进了詹金斯先生的课堂时，我第一次对一门学科真正产生了兴趣。
在上詹金斯先生的课之前，科学课对我来说就是一堆奇怪的词语。我不知道氢是什么，而且也确实不想知道！我觉得这些东西既无聊又难以理解。但詹金斯先生让一切变得有趣起来。他过去常常结合很多实际例子并用简单的语言解释看似很难的东西。有一天，他把我们带到户外，一起造了一枚火箭！我记得他让我把一些燃料倒进火箭，然后另一个学生点燃了一根火柴发射火箭。这非常有趣。
我知道自己不是一个主动学习的学生，但我学习新事物并不慢，问题是我对自己缺乏信心。詹金斯先生让我认识到我有自己的长处。我对恒星和行星的研究感兴趣，他便让我给全班同学做了一个介绍。那真的是我第一次设法向观众讲解科学(知识)，现在这成了我的工作！在准备一个项目时，我常会想，如果是詹金斯先生，他会怎么做。有时我甚至想，要是能打电话征求他的意见就好了！
[词汇注释]
①think about想起，记起，考虑
②be good at擅长……
③a bit有点儿修饰形容词或副词，表示程度。
④angle/' g l/ n．角
⑤triangle/'tra g l/ n．三角形
⑥add up to总共是，总计为
⑦become interested in对……感兴趣
⑧for the first time初次，第一次
⑨full of 充满……
⑩hydrogen/'ha dr d n/n．氢
used to过去经常，曾经
be/get/become used to doing sth.习惯于做某事(to是介词)
be used to do sth.被用来做某事
practical/'pr kt k l/adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的
practical examples实际例子
in simple language用简单的语言
rocket/'r k t/n.火箭
pour/p / vt.灌，注，倒
pour into投入(倒)……于某物
fuel/'fju l/n.燃料
set off引发，使爆炸；出发，动身；拉响(警报)
set off an alarm 触发警报器
willing adj.乐意的；积极肯干的
lack/l k/vt.缺乏
lack confidence in oneself 对自己缺乏信心
have one's own strengths有某人自己的优势
presentation /prez n'te n/n．报告；陈述，说明
give a presentation to 给……做展示/报告
[教材原文]
My Student
I've read a couple of① Graham's books and seen him on TV. I always say to② my wife, “Oh look, I used to teach him！” I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class. I had heard stories about his bad behaviour③. Once I caught him and his friends seeing④ who could jump the farthest off the school stage! But when he got interested, he changed. The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging⑤ his schoolbag behind him and looking bored, but as soon as I set up⑥ an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid⑦ and an onion⑧， he gave me his full attention⑨ 【1】. He loved science! He was very bright and he had done very well in⑩ science subjects.
【1】本句为but连接的并列句。第一个分句中，The first day引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中，as soon as引导的时间状语从句中包含一个how引导的宾语从句。to show...works作目的状语；现在分词短语using acid and an onion作方式状语。
However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham 【2】. I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student. Look at Graham! Everyone is good at something and it's important to find out what that is for each student. We teachers should have more time to make friends with all our students and really understand them. Then we could make sure that we would find the path to success ， both at school and in later life, for all of them.
【2】本句中not...all...表示部分否定，意为“并非所有……都……”。
I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn 【3】. If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile 【4】. As John Dewey, the famous educationalist ， said, “Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.”
【3】本句为主从复合句，that在此引导表语从句，其中又含有一个when引导的时间状语从句。
【4】本句为主从复合句，If在此引导条件状语从句，then I know...worthwhile为主句。主句和从句中各包含一个what引导的主语从句。
[汉语译文]
我的学生
我读过几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看到过他。我总会对妻子说：“啊，看，我曾经教过他！”我记得格雷厄姆来我的班上之前很难相处。我听说过一些他的不良行为。有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛，看谁能从学校的舞台上往下跳得最远！但当他(对学习)产生兴趣时，他变了。他第一天走进我的班级时，书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子。但当我用酸和洋葱做实验来展示人类的胃如何运转时，他全神贯注。他热爱科学！他非常聪明，科学课学得非常好。
不过，并不是每一个学生我都能教得像格雷厄姆那么成功。我认为重要的是要知道没有所谓的好学生或者坏学生。看看格雷厄姆！每个人都有擅长的事，重要的是要找出每个学生擅长的是什么。我们老师应该花更多的时间和所有的学生交朋友，真正了解他们。这样才能确保我们为他们找到通向成功的道路，不管是在学业上还是以后的生活中。
我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我热爱我所做的工作。当老师意味着，当孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时，你有机会走进他们的内心。作为老师，如果我所做的可以帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成长为如此成功的人，那么我知道我做的是值得的。正如著名教育家约翰·杜威所说：“教育不是为生活做准备，教育就是生活本身。”
[词汇注释]
①a couple of一些，几个；一双，一对
②say to sb.对某人说
③behaviour/b 'he vj / n．行为，举止
bad behaviour不良行为
good behaviour良好行为
④catch sb. doing sth.撞见/发现某人正在做某事
⑤drag/dr g/vt.拖，拉
⑥set up成立，设置，开办
set up an experiment开展一项实验
⑦acid/' s d/n.酸
⑧onion/' nj n/n.洋葱
⑨give sb. one's full attention全神贯注于某人
⑩do well in在……方面做得好
make friends with sb.跟某人交朋友
make sure确保
the path to success成功之路
access/' kses/n.进入；接触的机会
have access to有使用或接近……的权利/机会
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
worthwhile/ w θ'wa l/adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的
educationalist / edj 'ke n l st/n.教育(学)家
a famous educationalist著名教育家
第一版块|核心单词
1．practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的；实用的　practice n. & v．实践；练习　practically adv.实际地；几乎，差不多
in practical use 在实际运用中
practical English 实用英语
practical life skills 实际生活技能
practical steps 实际措施
practical advice/help/support 切实可行的建议/帮助/支持
practical problems/difficulties 实际问题/困难
a teacher with practical experience 一位有实践经验的老师
combine theory with practice 将理论与实践相结合
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
in practice 实际上；在实践中
out of practice 缺乏练习/疏于练习
with practice 通过练习
Most importantly, we should develop our own practical ability.最重要的是，我们应该提高自身的实践能力。
My lack of practical experience was a disadvantage.
我缺少实践经验是个劣势。
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills.
戈登说，HUNCH计划对大学录取和实际生活技能有影响。
It's incredible that such a little student can put the theory into practice.这么小的学生就能把理论付诸实践，真是难以置信。
He is badly out of practice.他严重缺乏练习。
He practices running every morning.他每天早晨练习跑步。
He practices economy.他厉行节约。
Practice makes perfect.(谚语)熟能生巧。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It wouldn't be ________ (practice) for us to go all that way just for the weekend.
②If you don't play regularly, you'll soon get ________ of practice.
③The children need more practice ________ tying their shoelaces.
④I have had a lot of practice in ________ (say) “no” recently.
写出句中practical的含义
⑤From a practical viewpoint, I advise you not to go.________
⑥Your invention has proved to be of much practical value.________
practical　
out
in　
saying
实际的　
实用的
2．pour vt. 灌，注，倒
(教材原句)I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket... 我记得他让我把一些燃料倒进火箭……
pour down 向下倾注；(雨)倾盆而下
pour... into... 把……投入/倒于……
pour out 倾倒；倾吐
pour cold water on 对……泼冷水
pour sb. a cup of tea (＝pour a cup of tea for sb.)
为某人倒一杯茶
pour in 大量地涌进来；倒入
pour into 涌进……；投入(倒)……于某物
pour... on... 把……倒在……上
pour with rain 下滂沱大雨
(1)vt.倾倒 vi. & vt.倒，斟(饮料)
Pour the honey into the bowl and mix it thoroughly with the other ingredients.
把蜂蜜倒进碗里并把它和其他原料充分混合。
Would you like me to pour a cup of tea for you
我给你倒杯茶好吗？
(2)vi.(雨)倾盆而下
She watched the rain pouring down the windows.
她注视着顺着窗户往下流的雨水。
It never rains but it pours.(谚)祸不单行。
(3)vi.不断涌向(＝flood)；涌流
Letters of congratulations poured in from all parts of the country.祝贺信从全国各地大量涌来。
People poured into the square from all parts of the city.
人们从全市各区涌向这座广场。
She listened attentively when I poured out my trouble.
我倾吐心中的烦恼时，她聚精会神地听着。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He was so worried that the sweat began to pour ________ his face.
②News, facts and opinions pour ________ from every corner of the world.
③The government poured a large sum of money ________ the project.
④He would like to pour ________ some wine for himself the moment he was at home.
⑤He poured the dirty water ________ the ground.
down
in　
into
out
on
完成句子
⑥That summer the heavy rain ________________ (向下倾注) for two days and nights.
⑦Good news keeps ________________ (涌入) from various fronts.
poured down
pouring in
3．fuel n．燃料　v．给……加油；给……提供燃料；推动；刺激；加剧　
fuel supply 燃料供应
add fuel to the fire 火上浇油
chemical/fossil/nuclear/solid fuel 化学/化石/核/固体燃料
fuel one's appetite 刺激某人的食欲
3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.
3D打印可以减少燃料使用和排放物。
Burning fossil fuels uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide.燃烧化石燃料消耗氧气并产生二氧化碳。
The car is being fuelled in preparation for the race.
那辆小汽车正在加油，准备参加比赛。
It is consistent and growing profit that has fuelled the company's success.正是持续增长的利润推动了公司的成功。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①His aggressive words only ________ (fuel) the argument further.
写出句中fuel的词性及含义
②The new machine was fuelled by oil in enormous quantities.
____________________
③The factories shut down for want of fuel and materials.____________
④Intense wildfires have been fuelled by fierce Santa Ana winds.____________
fuelled　
动词，给……提供燃料
名词，燃料
动词，加剧
4．lack vt. & n．缺乏，短缺　lacking adj.缺少的；没有的
(教材原句)The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.我的问题是对自己缺乏信心。
lack confidence 缺乏信心
lack enough data 缺乏足够的数据
lack (for) nothing 没有欠缺
(a) lack of 缺乏；没有
for lack of 因缺乏……
be lacking in 缺乏……
Despite the fact that they lacked food, the explorers continued toward the goal.
尽管缺乏食物，但探险者们继续向目标行进。
The reason why he failed in the driving test is that he lacked confidence in himself.
他驾照考试失败的原因是对自己缺乏信心。
Despite his lack of experience, he got the job.
尽管缺乏经验，他还是得到了那份工作。
She can't go to the party for lack of proper dress.
因为没有合适的衣服，她不能去参加聚会。
None of his plans ever comes through because he is lacking in determination.他的计划没有一个成功，因为他缺乏决心。
[误区警示]　
lack作动词时，常用作及物动词，其后直接接宾语。
lack作名词时，其后接介词of。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There is ________ lack of people wanting to start up new businesses.
②This evening newspaper is ________ (lack) in analytical articles.
③More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ lack of space.
a
lacking　
for/from
完成句子
④Stress and tiredness often result in ________________________ (缺乏) concentration.
⑤Many associations are breaking up ________________ (因缺乏) money.
⑥A diet ________________ (缺少) nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.
(a) lack of
for/from lack of　
lacking in
5．presentation n．报告；陈述，说明；授予；演出
(教材原句)．..he asked me to give a presentation to the class.……他便让我给全班同学做了一个展示。
give a presentation 作报告
deliver/make a clear presentation 作清楚的陈述
deliver/make a short presentation 作一个简短的陈述
give a presentation of 对……做陈述
make a presentation (of) 做(……)陈述/介绍(……)；演示(……)
oral presentations 口头报告
The first chapter of the book gives a presentation of the scientist's theory.这本书的第一章介绍了这位科学家的理论。
I am honoured to make a presentation of our new English teacher.我很荣幸向大家介绍我们新来的英语老师。
The presentation of prizes will begin at three o'clock.
颁奖仪式将在三点开始。
[拓展]　
(1)present vt.上演；展现；授予；颁发
present sb. with sth.颁发给某人某物；送给某人某物
present sth. to sb.把某物捐赠给某人
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①You have your __________ (present) prepared and you're ready to start.
②My classmates and I are overjoyed to hear that you'll stay in our school for one week this summer vacation, during which time you'll give us a ____________ (present) about art in western countries.
③The educationalist presented a medal ________ each winner in the sports meeting.
④Always make your ___________ (present) just a bit shorter than anticipated.
presentation　
presentation　
to
presentation
写出句中present的词性及含义
⑤She is too angry at the present moment to listen to the reason.______________
⑥There were twenty people in all present at the meeting.____________
⑦Father's birthday present was hidden in the kitchen cupboard.
________________
⑧The headmaster presented her with a gold medal.____________
形容词，现在的
形容词，在场的
名词，礼物
动词，颁发
6．behaviour n．行为，举止　behave v．表现；有礼貌
(教材原句)I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.
我听说过一些他的不良行为。
good/bad behaviour 良好/恶劣行为
social behaviour 社会行为
behaviour problems 行为问题
change one's behaviour 改变某人的行为
examine one's behaviour 检查某人的行为
behaviour disorder 行为异常
be on one's best behaviour 尽量表现得体
She is pleased with her child's good behaviour.
她对自己孩子的良好行为感到欣慰。
She drank too much and wasn't on her best behaviour.
她喝得太多了，举止不太得体。
Knowing these causes can make us examine our behaviour, and correct bad habits.
了解这些原因可以让我们检查自己的行为，纠正坏习惯。
If you don't know how to behave yourself at table in a foreign country, you should copy the host.
如果你在国外不知道餐桌礼仪，你应该效仿主人的做法。
Parents should educate their children to behave well.
父母应当教育子女守规矩。
[拓展]　behave properly举止得当
behave well/badly (to/towards sb.)
(对某人)表现好/不好
be well-behaved/badly-behaved表现好/差的
behave like (＋n./pron.)表现得像……
behave oneself守规矩，举止得体
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If he really cared for you, he wouldn't behave ________ that.
②She was ________ her best behaviour because she wanted a present on her birthday.
③He told his pupils to behave __________ (they) and not to chat while listening to a lecture.
④Your bad __________ (behave) is totally unacceptable on such an occasion.
完成句子
⑤Mind and ________________ (守规矩) and don't be any trouble.
like
on　
themselves
behaviour
behave yourself
7．drag v．拖，拉；迫使，劝人勉强来(或去)；缓慢而费力地行进　n．累赘；阻力
(教材原句)… he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored...
……他书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子……
drag... away (from) 将……(从……)拖走
drag... out of 把……从……中拖出来
drag behind 落在(某人或某事物)后面；(质量等)落后
When you can drag him away from his work, he can also be a devoted father.
当你能强迫他远离工作的时候，他也可以是个充满爱心的父亲。
I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise regularly.我发现很难强迫自己经常出来锻炼。
She always drags behind when we walk anywhere.
我们每走到什么地方她都慢慢腾腾吃力地跟在后面。
High interest rates are a drag on the housing market.
高利率是住房市场上的一个阻力。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It will take two elephants to drag all the wood ________．
②He loves his family, but they're ________ drag on his career.
③I wanted to stay, but she ________ (drag) me off to help her shop.
④She dragged herself ________ of bed, still half asleep.
⑤The tired old man dragged himself slowly ________ the others.
写出句中drag的词性及含义
⑥The policemen dragged the men out of the vehicles.____________
⑦Having to work late every day is a drag.____________
away　
a
dragged　
out　
behind
动词，拖
名词，阻力
8．access n．进入；接触的机会；通路；入口；(使用、查阅、接近或见到的)机会　vt.进入；使用；获取，存取(计算机文件)；到达
(教材原句)The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds...
做教师意味着，你有机会……走进孩子们的心灵。
the access to... ……的通道；……的机会
have access to 有权使用……；有接近……的机会
gain/get access to 得到……的使用权；获得接近……的机会
give access to... 准许出入……；能接触或到达……
be denied access to sb. 被拒绝见某人
The only access to success is to have a clear goal and enough preparation to achieve it.
成功的唯一机会就是有一个清晰的目标和实现它的充分准备。
All the students in our school have free access to the library.我们学校的所有学生都能免费使用图书馆。
The Yangtze River would give access to much of China's interior.长江使得人们能够到达中国内陆许多地方。
We can't access the Internet.我们连不上网。
We accessed the wall through the South Gate.
我们是通过南门进入城墙的。
We can access mail remotely.我们可以远程获取邮件。
[单词积累]　accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的；可接近的→inaccessible adj.难以达到的
be accessible to……可使用；……可进入
more accessible to young people 更容易为年轻人所了解
remain inaccessible 仍然无法访问
Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to the children.
药物不应放在孩子可以拿到的地方。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Campuses are usually ________ (access) by public transportation.
②This scientist ________ (access) different files to find the correct information.
单句写作
③住在这里的人可以免费使用这个游泳池。
_________________________________________________(access n．)
accessible　
accessed　
People living here can have free access to the swimming pool.
It is worthwhile consulting your tutor about it again.
再向你的导师咨询一下这个问题是值得的。
Do you think it is worthwhile to spend so much money carrying out this project
你认为花这么多钱来实施这个项目值得吗？
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ isn't worthwhile spending so much time on minor problems.
②It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ___________ (introduce) better ones of your own.
选词填空：worth/worthy/worthwhile
③It is __________ to get aboard a train to see country scenery.
④This book is a monumental work __________ of China's new cultural movement.
⑤The job involves a lot of hard work but it's ________ it.
It　
introducing
worthwhile
worthy　
worth
第二版块|重要短语
1．add up to总共是，总计为；结果是；表示
(教材原句)The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!
我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度！
add up 合计，把……加起来；说得通
add... to... 把……加到……上
add to 增加，增添；扩建
add that... 补充说……，继续说……
The numbers of women doctors and women nurses in the hospital add up to two hundred and five.
这个医院的女医生、女护士共计二百零五人。
I don't think these facts will add up to anything.
我认为这些事实说明不了任何问题。
Add up all the income you've received over the period.
把这段时间你收到的所有收入加起来。
I can't understand this case; the facts just don't add up.
我不理解这一案例；这些事实不合情理。
We need to use our imagination and add art to our teaching.我们需要运用我们的想象力，在教学中加入艺术。
He then added that he was very pleased to see me again.
他然后又补充说他再次见到我感到很高兴。
Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night.
烟火使节日之夜更加生辉。
[比较]
add up to后跟合计起来的数作宾语，主语常是number, figure, bill等；
add to的宾语多为difficulty, pleasure, trouble等抽象名词。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①For a hit show, profits can add up ________ millions of dollars.
②The dictionary is out of date: many words have __________ (add) to the language since it was published.
③At the exits polite assistants will take the goods and add ________ the cost.
④The newly constructed high buildings add greatly ________ the beauty of this city.
to　
been added　
up　
to　
选词填空：add to/add...to.../add up/add up to
⑤Will you ________ more sugar ________ your coffee
⑥Please ________ the numbers and I'm sure they will ________ more than 1，000.
⑦The heavy snow yesterday ________ the traffic burden of the city at rush hour.
add
to
add up
add up to
added to
2．for the first time初次，第一次
(教材原句)… I really became interested in a subject for the first time.……我第一次对一门学科真正产生了兴趣。
For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.
多少年来第一次，她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
Long pauses, heart sinking. But he pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
长时间的停顿，心往下沉。但他坚持了下来，有生以来第一次为一个陌生人演奏。(说明：play for a stranger中间插入了for the first time in his life，以强调“第一次”)
[误区警示]　(1)for the first time是介词短语，在句中作时间状语。
I'll never forget hearing this piece of music for the first time.
我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子时的情景。
(2)the first time是名词短语，可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
I felt nervous the first time I gave a speech to many students.
我第一次给许多学生做演讲时感到紧张。
[学法点拨]　可用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语或副词：
(1)the first/second/... time第一/二/……次
(2)every/the last/the next time每次/上次/下次
(3)the moment/minute/second一……就……
I'll give you a call the moment I finish.
我一完成就给你打电话。
(4)immediately/directly一……就……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I sampled the delights of Greek cooking ________ the first time.
②I told Joan the good news __________ (immediate) I saw her this afternoon.
③I have to go to Dallas ________ moment the meeting finishes.
for
immediately
the
完成句子
④I went to the inland city ______________ (第一次) when I was ten.
⑤We recognised his voice
____________________________________________ (一……就……) he spoke.
⑥________________ (每次) I catch a cold, my nose runs.
for the first time
the moment/the minute/the second/immediately/directly
Every time
3．used to过去经常，曾经
(教材原句)He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
他过去常常结合很多实际例子，并用简单的语言解释看似很难的知识。
I used to stay up late and read for half an hour before going to bed.我过去常常熬夜并且在睡觉之前读半小时书。
Agriculture used to be the economic backbone of this country.农业曾是这个国家的经济支柱。
[比较]　used to do sth./be used to (doing) sth./be used to do sth.
(1)used to do sth.过去常常做某事，曾经做某事(强调现在不这样了)；
I used to get up early and take an hour's walk before breakfast.我过去常常很早起床并且在早餐之前散步一小时。
(2)be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词)；
He is used to the warm climate of the south.
他习惯了南方温暖的气候。
(3)be used to do sth.被用来做某事(被动语态)。
Wood will be used to build the farmhouse.
木材将被用来建造农舍。
[一言辨异]　The old man used to watch TV after supper, but now he is used to taking a walk in the park and his stick is used to help him walk.这位老人过去经常在晚饭后看电视，但现在他习惯于在公园散步，他的拐杖被用来帮他走路。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My grandparents are used ________ the life in the suburbs.
②Music and lighting are used __________ (encourage) shoppers to buy more.
③If you want to join them, you should get used to ________ (act) independently.
to　
to encourage　
acting
完成句子
④Her library ________________ (过去是) a meeting place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge.
⑤______________________ (她过去常常) give lectures to teenagers
⑥We ____________ (曾经) get information from newspapers, but now we ____________ (习惯于) searching for it on the Internet.
used to be　
Used she to/Did she use to
used to
are used to
4．a couple of一些，几个；一双，一对
(教材原句)I've read a couple of Graham's books and seen him on TV.我读了几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看到过他。
a couple of days 几天
an old couple 老两口
in couples 成双成对地
a newly married couple 新婚夫妇
As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.
正如几周前有人在这篇文章中指出的，他们吃的食物很好，而且从不增重。
The dancers appeared on the stage in couples.
舞蹈演员们成双成对地出现在舞台上。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The doctor ordered him to stay in bed for ________ couple of days.
②It is said that this kind of bird appears ________ couples.
完成句子
③He has been down with the flu for ________________ (几天).
a
in
a couple of days
5．catch sb. doing sth.撞见某人正在做某事
be caught/trapped in the storm 被困在暴风雨中
be/get caught/trapped in heavy traffic 遭遇交通堵塞
He was caught cheating in the exam.
他被发现考试作弊了。
You wouldn't catch me working(＝I would never work) on a Sunday！你绝对不会看到我在星期日工作！
She caught herself wondering whether she had made a mistake.她发觉自己在怀疑是否犯了错误。
[说明]　
(1)catch意为“当场发现(或发觉)”。
(2)doing sth.作宾语补足语，该短语常用于被动语态；注意catch用于该结构时，宾补不能用其他非谓语形式。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The child was caught ________ (walk) across the road by himself.
②I don't want to catch you ________ (push) yourself into the picture to get some personal publicity.
③My niece had one trip last year where she ________ (catch) by a hurricane in America.
walking
pushing　
was caught
第三版块|典型句式
1．what引导名词性从句
(教材原句)I had no idea what hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, either!
我不知道氢是什么，而且也不想知道！
[句式分析]　what引导名词性从句：what可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，what可译成“……的东西/事情”。
What made my mother upset was that my younger brother was ill.
让我妈妈不安的事情是我弟弟病了。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)
I trust my teacher, so I believe what he said.
我信任我的老师，所以我相信他说的话。(what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
The singer is no longer what he used to be 10 years ago.
这位歌手不再是10年前的样子了。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语)
I have no idea what has happened to him.
我不知道他发生了什么事。(what引导同位语从句，并在从句中作主语)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see ________ he can do.
②“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.
③Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild...
完成句子
④______________________________________ (这段经历让人如此激动不已的) is the out-of-this-world scenes.
what　
what
what
What is so breathtaking about the experience
2．if only句式中的虚拟语气
(教材原句)Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
有时我甚至想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了！
If only I would have a good chance to study German.
但愿我将能得到一个学习德语的好机会。
If only we had been college students last year!
去年我们要是大学生该多好！
[学法点拨]　if only后跟虚拟语气的三种情况：
(1)对现在情况的虚拟：主语＋动词过去式(be用were)＋其他。
(2)对过去情况的虚拟：主语＋had＋过去分词＋其他。
(3)对将来情况的虚拟：主语＋could/would/might＋动词原形＋其他。
If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary.
要是他们现在在这儿，我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念日了。
If only you had come to my birthday party last night.
要是你昨晚来参加我的生日聚会就好了。
If only it would stop raining！但愿雨能停下来！
[说明]　
(1)在if only这个短语中，only只是加强if的语气，该短语不仅能表达说话人的愿望，而且能表达条件。
(2)if only常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件，意为“但愿”“要是……该多好啊”等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I can't find a solution to this problem. If only he ________ (be) here!
②He is involved in the trouble now. If only he ________ (listen) to his parents!
were　
had listened
完成句子
③The snow was soft and deep outside. __________________ (要是他能出去……就好了) to try his new sledge.
④______________________________ (我只有得到一份全职工作) will I be able to support my family.
⑤__________________________ (要是我能睡会儿), I would be able to feel better.
⑥I need to take the English exam again. If only
____________________________________ (我通过了上一次考试)！
If only he could get out
Only if I get a full-time job　
If only I could get some sleep
I had passed the last exam
3．现在分词(短语)作宾补(宾语与作宾补的动词之间是主动关系)
(教材原句)Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage！有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛，看谁能从学校的舞台上跳得最远！
You won't catch me inviting those people to my house again.你不会见到我再邀请那些人到我家来了。
[归纳拓展]　(1)动词的宾语补足语
①位于感官动词(短语)后：如see、notice、observe、hear、feel、smell、watch、find、listen to、look at等。
He observed a stranger hanging around the store.
他看到一个陌生人在商店附近闲逛。
She felt anger arising in her heart.她感到心中涌起股怒气。
注意：v.-ing作宾补，表示动作正在进行；而动词原形作宾补，则表示动作的全过程。试比较：
I saw him getting out of the car.我看见他正从小汽车里出来。
I saw him get out of the car.我看见他从小汽车里出来了。
②位于其他动词后：如have、get、keep、leave、catch、set等。
She kept me waiting for over twenty minutes.
她让我等了20多分钟。
His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思。
(2)with复合结构
在with复合结构中，如果宾语发出动作，且表示动作持续或进行，则用现在分词作宾补。
I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
因为妈妈病了，我无法去度假。
在with复合结构中，动词不定式作宾补虽然也表示宾语发出动作，但是表示动作将要发生。
With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish it on time.有这么多人帮忙，我们一定能按时完成它。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If you are caught ________ (cheat) in the exam, you can hardly get away with it.
②After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice ________ (call) him.
③Peter, a colleague of mine, was standing on the bridge and watching boats ________ (pass) by.
cheating　
calling
passing
④The dancer's incredible performance had the audience on its feet ________ (clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
⑤China's image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ (recognise) its role in international affairs.
clapping
recognising　
句型转换
⑥The operator left hurriedly and the machine was still running.→The operator left hurriedly ________________________ (with复合结构)
with the machine still running
4．There's no such＋可数名词单数＋as...没有像……这样的……
(教材原句)I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student.
我认为重要的是要知道没有所谓的好学生或者坏学生。
There's no such thing as a free lunch in the world.
世界上没有免费的午餐。
[归纳拓展]　比较顺序
(1)all、some、many、much、few、little、several、one等＋such＋名词。
(2)当such与a/an同时修饰单数可数名词时，such在前，a/an在后，如such a chance。
[学法点拨]　在“There's no such...＋as...”中，no相当于not a/an，所以后面的可数名词单数前不加冠词。即：no such＋单数名词＝not such＋a/an＋单数名词。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He had never seen such ________ strange car before.
完成句子
②There is ________________________ (没有这样的一个学生) who is called Tom in our class.
③I think ________________________ (魔法这种东西是不存在的).
④______________________________ (没有失败这回事). It's just an opportunity to learn.
a
no such student
there is no such thing as magic
There is no such thing as failure
5．现在分词短语作状语
(教材原句)．.. but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion, he gave me his full attention.
……但当我用酸和洋葱做一个展示人类的胃如何运作的实验时，他全神贯注。
[句式分析]　现在分词短语作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随。
Having persuaded him to change his mind, I went on a journey with him.
说服他改变主意后，我跟他一起去旅行了。(时间状语，相当于时间状语从句)
Being ill, she didn't go to school as usual today.
因为生病，她今天没像往常一样去上学。(原因状语，相当于原因状语从句)
Turning right, you will find the place you want.
往右转，你就会找到你要找的地方了。(条件状语，相当于条件状语从句)
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
尽管知道了这一切，他们还是让我赔偿损失。(让步状语，相当于让步状语从句)
The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.
那位母亲去世了，给她的孩子们留下了一大笔钱。(结果状语，表示自然而然的结果)
He sat at the table reading China Daily.
他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。(伴随状语)
[总结]　一般情况下，分词短语作原因、时间、条件、让步、方式状语时，往往放在句首；分词短语作伴随、结果、比较状语时往往放在句末。(但unless引导条件状语时常常置于句尾。)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①____________ (approach) the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.
②________ (see) from the hill, you will find the city extremely beautiful.
③Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ________ (use) the sun and the stars.
④A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ (reflect) man's intelligence and creativity.
⑤________ (step) forward, I said, “Dad, here is what I received for my work...”
Approaching　
Seeing　
using　
reflecting
Stepping
6．not all部分否定
(教材原句)However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.
不过，并不是每一个学生我都能像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
[句式说明]　总括性词与not连用时，表示部分否定。这类总括性词有all、both、every、everything、everybody、everyone、always、altogether等。
Not all birds can fly.＝All birds can't fly.
并不是所有的鸟都会飞。
We are not always busy！我们并不总是这么忙！
[易错警示]　
表示全部否定意义的词(none、neither、nothing、nobody、no one、never等)与肯定形式的谓语动词连用，表示全部否定。
None of my friends came.我的朋友一个都没来。
We know nothing about her family.
我们对她的家庭一无所知。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①But ___________________ (并非所有的幽默感) are created equal.
②________________ (并不是所有的顾客) are tourists.
③并不是每个人都能做到那一点——它需要多年的经验，但打印机使它变得容易。
________________ can do that—it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy.
④There's ___________________ (你什么忙也帮不上).
not all senses of humour
Not all the customers
Not everybody
nothing you can do to help
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I managed to ________ (拖) my lazy nephew from his bed.
2．You need a password to get ________ (进入) to the computer system so that you can open the app.
3．It's really ________ (值得做的) for my niece to pay a visit to her desired colleges personally before applying.
4．He was ashamed of his rude ________ (行为) and apologised to his teacher.
drag　
access
worthwhile　
behaviour
5．The purpose of this programme is to develop the competitors' ________ (实践的) abilities.
6．The educationalist has ________ (投入) millions into the education system.
7．What my mate ________ (缺乏) are patience and determination.
8．The famous educationalist delivered a ________ (报告) to the students of the university.
9．It wasn't worthwhile __________________ (继续) with the project.
practical
poured　
lacks　
presentation　
continuing/to continue
Ⅱ.短语填空
for lack of, have access to, a couple of, used to, for the first time, pour into
1．There are ____________ things I have to handle first before going out with you.
2．Students ____________ good resources in the secondary school.
3．I ____________ associate with those naughty guys as a young boy.
a couple of
have access to　
used to　
4．Our trip to Beijing was delayed ____________ financial support.
5．I was delighted to come across my former mate in the restaurant ____________ after he had been away for ten years.
6．Crowds of passionate tourists ____________ London during the summer months every year.
for lack of
for the first time
pour into
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I turned to find him __________ (come) towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
解析： find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事，由语境可知，此处用现在分词作宾补。句意：我转过身，发现他正朝我走来，他小小的身体一边向前摆动，一边左右摇晃。该句中his small body rocking from side to side为“名词＋现在分词短语”构成的独立主格结构。
coming
2．Grant didn't wait—clutching (抓牢) the baby to his chest and ________ (drag) the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway.
解析：空格处与clutching并列，均为现在分词短语作伴随状语。句意：格兰特没有等——他把婴儿抱起来，把男孩拖到旁边，沿着走廊跑去。
dragging　
3．An important part of its corn is used __________ (feed) chickens, pigs, and cattle.
解析：be used to do sth.被用来做某事。句意：它(所生产)的玉米中重要的一部分被用来喂鸡、猪和牛。
to feed　
4．Knowing these causes can make us examine our ________ (behave), and correct bad habits.
解析：动词examine后面应用名词作宾语。句意：了解这些原因可以让我们审视自己的行为，改正坏习惯。
behaviour　
5．Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by giving access ______online reading at a library branch.
解析：give access to“接近，有机会进入”。句意：由协作网络连接的公共图书馆通过提供在图书馆分馆进行在线阅读的机会让读者受益。
to　
6．The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add ________ the ever-growing list.
解析：add to... 增加到……，为固定搭配。句意：有规律锻炼的好处已经有很好的证明了，但又有一项新的好处要增加到日益增长的列表上了。
to
7．Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are ________ (practice).
解析：系动词后接形容词作表语。句意：关于月球成分的数据，比如它包含多少冰和其他宝藏，能够帮助中国决定未来的月球基地计划是否可行。
practical　
8．_____ the first time in my life, I actually felt cool. now I know who I am!
解析：for the first time第一次。句意：在我的生命中，我第一次真正感觉很酷。现在我知道我是谁了！
For
9．Lack ________ talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
解析：lack of 缺乏。句意：缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。
of
10．Oh Kevin, I'm preparing a ___________ (present) for the city library. It's about a girl named Tracy Woods.
解析： prepare a presentation 准备一份报告。句意：哦，凯文，我在为市图书馆准备一份报告，是关于一个叫特蕾西·伍兹的女孩的。
presentation
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我的侄子忘了把那封信寄给我。要是他没忘记寄就好了。
My nephew forgot to send that letter to me.
________________________ to send it.
2．仍然重要的是，我们有一种令人难以置信的去思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。
________________________ is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
If only he had remembered
What remains important
3．他当着我的面所说的话让我很难过。
__________________________ in front of me made me upset.
4．自从中学毕业以来，我一直没有见过我的英语老师。
I __________________________ my English teacher since I left secondary school.
5．当你在预习功课的时候，你应该标出使你困惑的地方。
You should highlight ________________________ when previewing your lessons.
What he said
haven't seen
what puzzles you
6．我侄女尝试了一种新的食谱，结果减肥了。
My niece tried a new diet, ________________．
7．并不是所有的学生都能在截止日期前上交他们的论文。
____________________________ can hand in their papers before the deadline.
8．在西部地区当志愿老师时，这个女孩对绘画产生了兴趣。
__________________________ in the west, the girl took up painting.
losing her weight
Not all students
Working as a volunteer teacher
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共2小题；每小题1分，满分2分)
1．If he ________ (缺乏) confidence in learning, he will not win the competition.
2．I felt ashamed of the ________ of cheating the other day, so I apologized to my teacher.
lacks
behaviour
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．Now students are supposed to have more ________ (practice) experiences.
2．In our English lesson, we are often asked to give a ________ (present) about a project.
3．In our school, students can have access ________ a modern library.
4．Confucius is considered to be a great ____________ (educational).
5．It wasn't worthwhile ________________________ (continue) the project.
practical
presentation　
to　
educationalist
to continue/continuing
Ⅲ.单元语法专练—单句语法填空/完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．By the time Lucy was seven years old, she ________ (begin) painting with oil paints.
2．This was the first time that they ________ (come) to your hometown.
3．He ____________ (mean) to help me move into a new dorm but he feel ill and didn't come.
had begun
had come
had meant　
4．她刚开始说话，大厅里就传来一声喊叫。(hardly... when)
She __________________________ to speak ________ there was a shout from the hall.
5．我刚下公共汽车，就意识到钱包被偷了。(no sooner... than)
_______________________ the bus ________ I realized my wallet was stolen.
had hardly begun
when
No sooner had I got off
than
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)
1．我多希望我能再高点啊！(虚拟语气)
How I wish __________________________！
2．我要是考试前好好复习就好了！(if only)
______________________________ well before the exam!
3．All students will not take part in the competition which is held by our school.(句型转换，部分否定)
→_________________will take part in the competition which is held by our school.
I could be taller　
If only I had reviewed　
Not all students
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Bill Gates and the president of General Motors have met for lunch, and Bill is going on and on about computer technology. “If automotive technology had kept pace with computer technology over the past few decades, you would now be driving a V-32 instead of a V-8, and it would have a top speed of 10，000 miles per hour，” says Gates. “Or, you could have an economy car that weighs 30 pounds and gets a thousand miles to a gallon of gas. In either case, the sticker price of a new car would be less than $50. Why haven't you guys kept up？”
The president of GM smiles and says, “Because the federal government won't let us build cars that crash four times a day.”
Why is that funny (or not funny, as the case may be) Human beings love to laugh, and the average adult laughs 17 times a day. Humans love to laugh so much that there are actually industries built around laughter. Jokes, sitcoms and comedians are all designed to get us laughing, because laughing feels good. For us it seems so natural, but the funny thing is that humans are one of the only species that laughs. Laughter is actually a complex response that involves many of the same skills used in solving problems.
Laughter is a great thing—that's why we've all heard the saying, “Laughter is the best medicine.” There is strong evidence that laughter can actually improve health and help fight disease. In this article, we'll look at laughter—what it is, what happens in our brains when we laugh, what makes us laugh and how it can make us healthier and happier. You'll also learn that there's a tremendous amount that no one understands yet.
【语篇解读】　作者通过比尔·盖茨和通用汽车公司总裁的幽默谈话向我们讲述了“笑”的作用：促进身体健康，增强抵抗疾病的能力。
1．What's the Best Title of the Passage？(　　)
A．Laughter
B．The Joke Between Gates and the President of General Motors
C．Why Do We Laugh
D．Laughter and Health
答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。综观全文可以看出，文章通过一个幽默引出了笑的作用：可以增进我们的身体健康，增强抵抗疾病的能力。
2．Which one is NOT true according to the passage？(　　)
A．Computer technology has developed quickly during the past few decades.
B．Automotive technology has developed as fast as computer technology according to Bill Gates.
C．The president of GM thinks it is impossible to build cars worth less than 50 dollars.
D．If cars were less than 50 dollars, a large number of accidents would happen per day.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。文章第一段的“If automotive technology had... instead of a V 8”用的是虚拟语气，故该句中的描述与事实不符。
3．The underlined word “sitcoms” in Paragraph 3 means “________”．(　　)
A．situation comedies B．tragedies
C．body language D．fictions
答案与解析：A　 词义猜测题。该词的意思应和此句前面的“Jokes (笑话)”以及后面的“comedians (喜剧演员)”接近，故选A。而“tragedies (悲剧)”“body language (身势语)”“fictions (小说)”均不在此列。
4．This passage is most probably an ________．(　　)
A．introduction of an article about Microsoft
B．introduction of an article about laughter
C．article about laughter
D．introduction of an article about General Motors
答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由最后一段的后半部分尤其是“In this article, we'll...”可以看出，该文是一篇文章的引言，用来吸引读者，介绍文章的内容。
B
In addition to their daily tasks, the brave Mars pioneers will also have to be ready to deal with all kinds of medical mon colds and headaches may be easy to deal with medication. To help them with more serious issues, like severe skin burns or bone fractures, scientists from the Dresden University of Technology (TUD) have developed a 3D bio-printer capable of producing human tissue in space.
3D bio-printers are similar to traditional 3D printers with one key difference. Instead of creating objects from materials like plastic, they deposit layers of biomaterial, made largely from living cells, to build complex human tissue. Since the raw material is not readily available, researchers begin by taking a few cells from the required organ, such as lung or skin, and cultivating (培养) them in the laboratory. Once enough cells have been generated, they are used to create “bio-ink，” which is loaded into the printer.
This, as you can imagine, is no easy task, and despite trying for many years, scientists have still not been able to regenerate human organs for widespread use. Bio-printing in space has even more challenges. The biggest is finding cells to cultivate and create the required bio-ink.
The TUD scientists believe the difficulty can be overcome by using cells from the injured astronaut. “Using biomaterial from the astronauts themselves also eliminates the risk of transplant rejection，” says Nieves Cubo Mateo, a bio-printing specialist at TUD.
The TUD researchers, who revealed the first bio-printed bone and skin samples, believe that once developed, the technology could help astronauts treat acute injuries. Tommaso Ghidini, head of ESA's Structures, Mechanisms and Materials Division says, “Carrying enough medical supplies for all possibilities would be impossible in the limited space and mass of a spacecraft. Instead, a 3D bio-printing capability will let them respond to medical emergencies as they arise.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为了帮助宇航员在太空解决严重的皮肤烧伤或骨折的问题，来自德累斯顿理工大学(TUD)的科学家开发了一种能够在太空中产生人体组织的3D生物打印机。
5．What makes 3D bio-printers different from traditional 3D printers？(　　)
A．The efficiency of work.
B．The principle of operation.
C．The progress to make objects.
D．The material used to make objects.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段的“3D bio printers are similar to traditional 3D printers with one key difference. Instead of creating objects from materials like plastic, ...”可知，这款生物打印机与传统的区别在于：打印的原材料不同。故选D项。
6．What is the biggest obstacle of using bio-printing in space？(　　)
A．How to get raw material.
B．How to reduce the risk of rejection.
C．How to deal with more serious issues.
D．How to take cells from the injured astronaut.
答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段的“The biggest is finding cells to cultivate and create the required bio ink.”可知，在太空使用生物打印机的最大困难是怎么找到打印原材料。故选A项。
7．Which can replace the underlined word “eliminates” in paragraph 4？(　　)
A．Increases. B．Removes.
C．Takes. D．Assesses.
答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Using biomaterial from the astronauts themselves also eliminates the risk of transplant rejection.”可知，此处是说用宇航员自己的生物材料也可以消除排异的风险。故选B项。
8．What's Tommaso Ghidini's attitude to 3D bio-printer？(　　)
A．Doubtful. B．Supportive.
C．Objective. D．Indifferent.
答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Instead, a 3D bio printing capability will let them respond to medical emergencies as they arise.”可推知，Tommaso Ghidini对于3D生物打印机是很赞同的。故选B项。
Ⅵ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
There is an English saying that goes, “He who laughs last laughs best.” High School Musical star Zac Efron is laughing a lot these days.
1(____) Because he was always the smallest in his class and was laughed at because he had a big space between his teeth. In sixth grade, Efron's basketball team wanted to win the championship. In overtime, with three seconds left, he grabbed the ball but passed it to the wrong team! 2(____)
3(____) Now at 21, Efron is one of People Magazine's 100 Most Beautiful People, graces (荣登) the cover of Entertainment Weekly, Hollywood's most influential magazine, and is traveling the world promoting the third High School Musical film. Director Adam Shankman described Efron as “arguably the biggest teen star in America right now”. Simply google “Zac Efron”， and you get more than 14 million responses. Yes, it seems Efron has a lot to smile about these days.
Efron was born and raised in California. 4(____) According to Efron, “He would flip out (发疯) if he got a B and not an A in school, and he was a class clown.” It was his father who encouraged him to act. 5(____) He also took singing lessons. He graduated from high school in 2006 and was accepted at the University of Southern California to study film. But he put it off—why not study movies when you can star in them Efron has risen all the way to the top of the movie business. And he can now laugh all the way to the bank.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要阐述了谚语“He who laughs last laughs best. (笑到最后的人才笑得最好)”，并通过Zac Efron的故事进行说明。
【高频词汇】　1.promote v. 促进；推销　2.graduate from 从……毕业　3.put off 推迟
A．He owed his success a lot to his father.
B．But history, as they say, is a thing of the past.
C．He took part in school performances and acted in a local theater.
D．When he was young, Efron was an unqualified basketball player.
E．He took school seriously.
F．They scored and his team lost the game.
G．As a young boy, Efron was picked on by his classmates.
1．答案与解析：G　根据下文Because he was always the smallest in his class(因为他总是班里最弱小的)可知，G项“As a young boy, Efron was picked on by his classmates.”符合题意。
2．答案与解析：F　根据上文he grabbed the ball but passed it to the wrong team(他抢到了球，但却把球传给了对手)可知，F项“They scored and his team lost the game.”符合题意。
3．答案与解析：B　根据下文Now at 21, Efron is one of People Magazine's 100 Most Beautiful People, graces(荣登) the cover of Entertainment Weekly, Hollywood's most influential magazine可知，现在的Efron与以前完全不一样了，成了一个名人。故B项“But history, as they say, is a thing of the past.”符合题意。
4．答案与解析：E　根据下文According to Efron, “He would flip out (发疯) if he got a B and not an A in school, and he was a class clown.”可知，如果他某一门学科得了B而没有得到A，他就会发疯。故E项“He took school seriously.”符合题意。
5．答案与解析：C　根据上文It was his father who encouraged him to act. (是他的父亲鼓励他去表演的。)可知，本句应该是与表演相关的内容，故C项“He took part in school performances and acted in a local theater.”符合题意。

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