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Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．高频词汇及变形
①________ v. 帮助，援助
②________ n. 军队
③________ adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.暂时地，临时地
④________ v．取得；完成；实现；获得成功→________ n．成绩，成就
2．低频词汇知其意
(　　)①Nazi A.adj.犹太人的，犹太教的
(　　)②Jewish B．n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
(　　)③knighthood C．n.(英国的)爵士封号或头衔
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．________________　　 　站起身来
2．________________ 记录
3．________________ 曾经
4．________________ 使……引起公众的注意
5．________________ 去世
6．at the hands of sb. ________________
7．escape from ________________
8．in danger ________________
9．for the most part ________________
10．take in ________________
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．独立主格结构
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
These are among the 669 children, ________________， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis.
2．on doing sth.一……就……
毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。
________________， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
3．“by＋过去时间状语”
截至1939年8月，温顿已经解救了669个孩子。
________________， Winton ________________ 669 children.
4．as引导非限制性定语从句
中国有句俗话：“仁者寿”。
________________________，“A kindhearted person lives a long life.”
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．Fill in the blanks.
Time Event
19 May 1909 Nicholas Winton ①____________．
1931 Winton returned to ②________．
③__________ A friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.
August 1939 Winton had saved 669 children.
续表
Time Event
④________ Winton left the military.
1988 His wife Grete found ⑤________________ and Winton was seen on the British television programme That's Life.
2003 Winton received a ⑥________．
⑦________ Winton received the Order of the White Lion.
1 July 2015 Winton ⑧____________．
2.The main idea of the passage is that ________________ saved 669 children from ________________ and later received ________ for his achievement.
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A.The children were excited to board the train.
B.The children boarded the train with their parents.
C.All the children who boarded the train were Jewish.
D.It was very likely that the parents would not see their children again.
2．Put the following events in order of time.
①Nicholas Winton returned to Britain and worked in business.
②Nicholas Winton worked for international charities and for various companies.
③Nicholas Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
④Nicholas Winton served as an officer in Britain's Royal Air Force.
A．①③④② B．①②③④
C.③①④② D．③④①②
3．What do we know about Nicholas Winton's great behaviour
A.As a German Jewish, he was always helpful.
B.What he saw in Prague inspired him to do that.
C.His friend asked him to help people escape.
D.The British government paid all the cost.
4．Why did his great behaviour keep for so long
A.His wife didn't find the secret before.
B.No TV station invited him to share.
C.He didn't want to mention his memories.
D.The children he saved forgot him.
5．What can we infer from Paragraph 5
A.The audience were moved by Winton's deeds.
B.The program was very interesting.
C.The audience liked the children saved by Winton.
D.Winton's wife found a journal about some brave soldiers.
6．Which of the following words can best describe Nicholas Winton
A.Great and generous.
B.Honorable and ambitious.
C.Humorous and caring.
D.Brave and respectable.
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1.
[尝试翻译] ____________________________________________________________
2.
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
3.
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
Read the passage and find the sentences to describe the mood.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[词汇积累]
①frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的
frightening adj.令人害怕的，吓人的
②board v．上(船或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)
③heartbroken adj.极为悲伤的，心碎的
④Jewish/'d u I /
adj.犹太人的，犹太教的
⑤Nazi/'nɑ tsi/n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
⑥nationality n．国籍
⑦on doing sth. 一做某事(就)
⑧aid/eId/v.帮助，援助
⑨in danger处于危险之中
out of danger脱离危险
⑩transport v．(用交通工具)运输，运送
establish v．建立，创建
keep records of记录……
temporary
/'temp( )r ri/adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的
serve as 担任
military
/'mIlIt( )ri/n.军队
for the most part 多半，在很大程度上；在大多数地方
mention v．提到，提及
take in 收留，收养；领会；记住；欺骗；吸收
at one point
一度；在某一时刻
the majority of
大多数……
rise to one's feet 站起身来
respected adj.受人尊敬的
figure n．人物，人士
achievement
/ 't i vm nt/
n．成绩，成就
knighthood
/'naIth d/n.(英国的) 爵士封号或头衔
pass away 去世
[教材原文]
THE POWER of GOOD
“The British Schindler”： the life of Nicholas Winton
It is August 1939, and a group of frightened① children are boarding② a train at Prague's Wilson Station. Their heartbroken③ parents do not join them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again【1】. But they know that their children will live【2】. These are among the 669 children, most of them Jewish④【3】， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis⑤【4】．
【1】本句为宾语从句，省略连接词that。
【2】that引导宾语从句。
【3】most of them Jewish为独立主格结构。
【4】that引导定语从句，修饰名词the 669 children, that在从句中作宾语。
Nicholas Winton was born on 19 May 1909 in London, to GermanJewish parents. The family later took British nationality⑥. On leaving school⑦， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. He returned to Britain in 1931, where he worked in business【5】．
【5】where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Britain, where在从句中作地点状语。
In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid⑧ people who were escaping from the Nazis【6】. In Prague, Winton saw people living in terrible conditions【7】 and whose lives were in danger⑨【8】. He decided to help transport⑩ children to safety in Britain. He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them. He used donated funds and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child that the British government required【9】. By August 1939, Winton had saved 669 children.
【6】who引导定语从句，修饰名词people, who在从句中作主语。
【7】现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词people。
【8】whose引导定语从句，修饰名词people, whose在从句中作定语，修饰lives。
【9】that引导定语从句，修饰50 pounds per child, that在从句中作宾语。
During World War Ⅱ， Winton served as an officer in Britain's Royal Air Force. He left the military in 1954. He then worked for international charities and for various companies. For the most part ， he did not mention the children he__saved【10】， and his actions soon disappeared from people's memories.
【10】he saved为定语从句，修饰名词children，从句省略了关系代词that/who/whom。
That all changed in 1988 when his wife Grete found a forgotten journal at home【11】. The journal contained photographs and names of the children and addresses of the families that took them in 【12】. She sent the journal to a newspaper, and that year Winton was seen on the British television programme That's Life. At one point ， the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives【13】. A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet . The programme brought his actions to public attention, and Winton became a respected figure around the world.
【11】when引导定语从句，修饰1988, when在从句中作时间状语。
【12】that引导定语从句，修饰名词families, that在从句中作主语。
【13】if引导条件状语从句。
Later, Winton received various honours for his achievement , including a knighthood in 2003, and the Czech government's highest honour, the Order of the White Lion, in 2014.
Nicholas Winton passed away on 1 July 2015, at the age of 106. As the Chinese saying goes【14】，“A kindhearted person lives a long life.”
【14】As引导非限制性定语从句，as意为“正如”。
[课文译文]
善行的力量
“英国辛德勒”：尼古
拉斯·温顿的一生
现在是1939年8月，一群受惊的孩子正在布拉格的威尔逊车站上火车。他们伤心的父母没有加入他们。事实上，他们担心或许再也见不到自己的孩子了。但是他们知道他们的孩子将会活着。这些是669个孩子中的一些，其中大部分是犹太人，尼古拉斯·温顿将继续拯救他们，使他们免于被纳粹分子杀害。
尼古拉斯·温顿于1909年5月19日出生在伦敦，父母是德裔犹太人。这个家庭后来取得了英国国籍。一毕业，温顿就在德国和法国的银行工作。他于1931年回到英国，在那里做生意。
1938年12月，一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹分子手中逃脱的人。在布拉格，温顿看到了生活在恶劣的条件下的人们，且他们的生命处于危险之中。他决定帮忙把孩子们送到英国的安全地带。他建立了一个办事处记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找临时住所。他用捐赠的资金和自己的钱支付英国政府向每个孩子征收的50英镑的费用。到1939年8月，温顿已经救了669个孩子。
第二次世界大战期间，温顿在英国皇家空军担任军官。他在1954年离开军队。之后，他为国际慈善机构和多家公司工作。他很少提及他救过的孩子们，他的行为很快就从人们的记忆中消失了。
1988年，当他的妻子格蕾特在家里发现了一本被遗忘的日记时，一切都改变了。日记里有孩子们的照片和名字，以及收养他们的家庭住址。她把日记寄给了一家报纸，那年温顿在英国电视节目《这就是人生》上露面。节目中，主持人问在场有没有被尼古拉斯·温顿救过的人，如果有请起立。温顿震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。这个节目让温顿的善举为公众所了解，也让温顿受到全世界人们的尊敬。
后来，温顿因自己的成就获得了各种荣誉，其中包括2003年获得的爵士头衔，2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉——白狮勋章。
尼古拉斯·温顿于2015年7月1日去世，享年106岁。正如中国有句俗语所说的，“善良的人长寿”。
1)aid v. 帮助，援助　n．帮助，援助)
(教材原句)In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.
1938年12月，一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹分子手中逃脱的人。
(应用文之建议信)You will be able to understand this article with the aid of a dictionary.
借助词典，你将能够理解这篇文章。
His colleague saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
他的同事见他有困难，便过来帮忙。
[考点归纳]
(2)come (go) to one's aid 　　　　　　　　　来(去)帮助某人
give/do/offer/carry out first aid (to sb.) (对某人)实施急救
in aid of 为了帮助……
with the aid of 借助……的帮助
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I couldn't speak French but a kind man came ________ my aid.
②________ aid of the poor kids, the generous man made a donation to the charity.
③Because the rain is around the corner, I suggest we aid the farmers ________ the harvest.
④在我们老师的帮助下，我们学会了如何进行急救。
(应用文之活动介绍)__________________ our teachers, we learned how to give _________．
2)achievement n．成绩，成就；实现，完成)
(教材原句)Later，Winton received various honours for his achievement...后来，温顿因自己的成就获得了各种荣誉……
If you want to make some achievements, you should be specialized in some area.你如果想取得一些成就，就应该在某个领域有所专长。
She achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer after ten years of hard work.
她在十年的努力工作后，实现了成为著名作家的夙愿。
[考点归纳]
(1)make an achievement 取得成就
a sense of achievement 成就感
one's achievement in... 某人在……方面的成就
(2)achieve v. 获得，取得
achieve an aim/a goal 实现目标
achieve success/victory 获得成功/胜利
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I felt a great sense of ________ (achieve) when I reached the top of the mountain.
②In the last few years, China has made great ________ (achieve) in environmental protection.
③They ________ (achieve) a lot in treating the new disease since last year.
3)keep records/a record of 记录)
(教材原句)He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them.
他建立了一个办事处来记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找临时住所。
It is recorded that this summer was the wettest for 10 years.
据记载，这个夏季是十年来最潮湿的。
When you make a record, it's different from a concert, because you leave something there.当你要录制一张唱片时，这与音乐会演奏是不同的，原因是你最终要留下一些东西。
[考点归纳]
break/set/hold a record 打破/创造/保持纪录
on record 记录在案的
It is recorded that... 据记载……
make a record 录制唱片；做记录；记录信息
play a record 播放唱片
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The weather centre keeps a record ________ the weather.
②那位年轻人在运动会上创造了一项新纪录。
The young man ________________________ at the sports meeting.
③他做得很好，但是没能打破纪录。
He did very well, but he failed to ________________________．
4)rise to one's feet 站起身来)
(教材原句)A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
温顿震惊地看到大多数人站了起来。
(读后续写之动作描写)Hearing a strange noise, he quickly rose to his feet and ran away.
听到一个奇怪的声音，他快速地站起来跑了。
(读后续写之动作描写)Bravely, Mary struggled to her feet and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.
玛丽挣扎着站起来，勇敢地同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。
Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost.
我刚走上那条街就发现自己迷路了。
[考点归纳]
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
jump to one's feet 突然站起来，一跃而起
set foot in 进入(某处)，踏进(某处)
stand on one's own feet 自立，独立
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①At the end of the concert, the audience ________ (rise) to their feet to applaud and cheer.
②Be independent, because you are old enough to stand ________ your own feet.
③Seeing him enter the room, the young man struggled ________ his feet.
④看到一条蛇，他吓得跳了起来。
(读后续写之心理描写)Seeing a snake, he was frightened to ________________________．
⑤问题一提出，汤姆就站起来回答。
No sooner had the question been put forward than Tom ________________________ to answer it.
5)(教材原句)On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.,毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。)
[句式解构]　on/upon＋n./doing...表示“一……就……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。
On/Upon returning, Bernard thanked the Smiths with eyes.
伯纳德一回来就含着泪感谢了史密斯一家。
She was joyful upon seeing her child take his first steps.
一看到儿子学会走路，她就感觉很高兴。
[名师点津]　“一……就……”句型荟萃
表示“一……就……”还有以下几种表达：
①immediately/directly/instantly＋从句
②the moment/minute/instant＋从句
③no sooner...than.../hardly...when...(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒装)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句式升级
①On ________ (see) Jack, I'll tell him the good news that he has been admitted into Peking University.
②On his ________ (arrive) home, he turned on the television.
③He started his travel to Suzhou as soon as he finished his studies.
→________________________ his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
→________________________ he finished his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
→________________________ he finished his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Better training policies and new technologies are ________ (帮助) disabled people in the workplace.
2．The supermarket is taking on a few ________ (临时的) assistants for the National Day holiday.
3．His parents are proud of his ________ (成就) which he has made in the field of chemistry.
4．The patient's chest pain was relieved by a special ________ (治疗).
5．Only when you have ________ (获得) enough evidence can you come to a sound conclusion.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．________ the aid of my English teacher, I have made great progress this term.
2．We just stay here ________ (temporary). Tomorrow we will move into our new house.
3．I jumped ________ my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.
4．In the last few years, China has made great ________ (achieve) in environmental protection.
5．His escape ________ prison made all the people in the town worried.
6．On ________ (arrive) at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him.
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（六）
Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．①aid　②military　③temporary　④achieve; achievement
2．①B　②A　③C
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．rise to one's feet　2.keep records of　3.at one point
4．bring...to public attention　5.pass away　6.某人导致，出自某人之手　7.从……中逃跑，逃离……　8.处于危险中
9．多半，通常　10.收留，留宿
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．most of them Jewish
2．On leaving school
3．By August 1939; had saved
4．As the Chinese saying goes
语篇精读·能力提升
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．①was born　②Britain　③December 1938　④1954　⑤a forgotten journal　⑥knighthood　⑦2014　⑧passed away
2．Nicholas Winton; the Nazis; honours
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．D　2.C　3.B　4.C　5.A　6.D
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1．这些孩子大多是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
2．在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到威胁。
3．在很大程度上，他很少提及自己救孩子的事情，于是这些事渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
(1)It is August 1939, and a group of frightened children are boarding a train at Prague's Wilson Station.
(2)Their heartbroken parents do not join them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again.
(3)A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
要点精研·考点突破
1．①to　②In　③with　④With the aid of; first aid
2．①achievement　②achievements　③have achieved
3．①of　②set a new record　③break the record
4．①rose　②on　③to　④jump to his feet　⑤rose to his feet
5．①seeing　②arrival　③On/Upon finishing; The moment/minute/second; Immediately/Directly/Instantly
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．aiding　2.temporary　3.achievement(s)　4.treatment　5.obtained
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．With　2.temporarily　3.to　4.achievements　5.from　6.arriving
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共110张PPT)
Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．高频词汇及变形
①________ v. 帮助，援助
②________ n. 军队
③________ adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.暂时地，临时地
④________ v．取得；完成；实现；获得成功→__________ n．成绩，成就
aid
military
temporary
achieve
achievement
2．低频词汇知其意
(　　)①Nazi A.adj.犹太人的，犹太教的
(　　)②Jewish B．n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
(　　)③knighthood C．n.(英国的)爵士封号或头衔
B
A
C
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．________________　站起身来
2．________________ 记录
3．________________ 曾经
4．___________________ 使……引起公众的注意
5．________________ 去世
6．at the hands of sb. ______________________
rise to one's feet
keep records of
at one point
bring...to public attention
pass away
某人导致，出自某人之手
7．escape from ____________________
8．in danger ________________
9．for the most part ________________
10．take in ________________
从……中逃跑，逃离……
处于危险中
多半，通常
收留，留宿
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．独立主格结构
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
These are among the 669 children, ________________， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis.
2．on doing sth.一……就……
毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。
________________， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
most of them Jewish
On leaving school
3．“by＋过去时间状语”
截至1939年8月，温顿已经解救了669个孩子。
________________， Winton ________________ 669 children.
4．as引导非限制性定语从句
中国有句俗话：“仁者寿”。
________________________，“A kindhearted person lives a long life.”
By August 1939
had saved
As the Chinese saying goes
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．Fill in the blanks.
Time Event
19 May 1909 Nicholas Winton ①____________．
1931 Winton returned to ②________．
③_____________ A friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.
August 1939 Winton had saved 669 children.
was born
Britain
December 1938
Time Event
④________ Winton left the military.
1988 His wife Grete found ⑤______________________ and Winton was seen on the British television programme That's Life.
2003 Winton received a ⑥______________．
⑦________ Winton received the Order of the White Lion.
1 July 2015 Winton ⑧_____________________．
1954
a forgotten journal
knighthood
2014
passed away
2.The main idea of the passage is that ________________ saved 669 children from ________________ and later received ________ for his achievement.
Nicholas Winton
the Nazis
honours
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A. The children were excited to board the train.
B. The children boarded the train with their parents.
C. All the children who boarded the train were Jewish.
D. It was very likely that the parents would not see their children again.
√
2．Put the following events in order of time.
①Nicholas Winton returned to Britain and worked in business.
②Nicholas Winton worked for international charities and for various companies.
③Nicholas Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
④Nicholas Winton served as an officer in Britain's Royal Air Force.
A．①③④② B．①②③④
C. ③①④② D．③④①②
√
3．What do we know about Nicholas Winton's great behaviour
A. As a German Jewish, he was always helpful.
B. What he saw in Prague inspired him to do that.
C. His friend asked him to help people escape.
D. The British government paid all the cost.
√
4．Why did his great behaviour keep for so long
A. His wife didn't find the secret before.
B. No TV station invited him to share.
C. He didn't want to mention his memories.
D. The children he saved forgot him.
√
5．What can we infer from Paragraph 5
A. The audience were moved by Winton's deeds.
B. The program was very interesting.
C. The audience liked the children saved by Winton.
D. Winton's wife found a journal about some brave soldiers.
√
6．Which of the following words can best describe Nicholas Winton
A. Great and generous.
B. Honorable and ambitious.
C. Humorous and caring.
D. Brave and respectable.
√
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1.
这些孩子大多是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
2.
在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到威胁。
3.
在很大程度上，他很少提及自己救孩子的事情，于是这些事渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
Read the passage and find the sentences to describe the mood.
(1)It is August 1939, and a group of frightened children are boarding a train at Prague's Wilson Station.
(2)Their heartbroken parents do not join them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again.
(3)A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
[词汇积累]
①frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的
frightening adj.令人害怕的，吓人的
②board v．上(船或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)
③heartbroken adj.极为悲伤的，心碎的
④Jewish/'d u I /
adj.犹太人的，犹太教的
⑤Nazi/'nɑ tsi/n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
⑥nationality n．国籍
⑦on doing sth. 一做某事(就)
⑧aid/eId/v.帮助，援助
⑨in danger处于危险之中
out of danger脱离危险
⑩transport v．(用交通工具)运输，运送
establish v．建立，创建
keep records of记录……
temporary
/'temp( )r ri/adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的
serve as 担任
military
/'mIlIt( )ri/n.军队
for the most part 多半，在很大程度上；在大多数地方
mention v．提到，提及
take in 收留，收养；领会；记住；欺骗；吸收
at one point 一度；在某一时刻
the majority of 大多数……
rise to one's feet 站起身来
respected adj.受人尊敬的
figure n．人物，人士
achievement
/ 't i vm nt/n．成绩，成就
knighthood
/'naIth d/n.(英国的) 爵士封号或头衔
pass away 去世
[教材原文]
THE POWER of GOOD
“The British Schindler”： the life of Nicholas Winton
It is August 1939, and a group of frightened① children are boarding② a train at Prague's Wilson Station. Their heartbroken③ parents do not join them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again【1】. But they know that their children will live【2】. These are among the 669 children, most of them Jewish④【3】， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis⑤【4】．
【1】本句为宾语从句，省略连接词that。
【2】that引导宾语从句。
【3】most of them Jewish为独立主格结构。
【4】that引导定语从句，修饰名词the 669 children, that在从句中作宾语。
Nicholas Winton was born on 19 May 1909 in London, to GermanJewish parents. The family later took British nationality⑥. On leaving school⑦， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. He returned to Britain in 1931, where he worked in business【5】．
【5】where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Britain, where在从句中作地点状语。
In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid⑧ people who were escaping from the Nazis【6】. In Prague, Winton saw people living in terrible conditions【7】 and whose lives were in danger⑨【8】. He decided to help transport⑩ children to safety in Britain. He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them. He used donated funds and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child that the British government required【9】. By August 1939, Winton had saved 669 children.
【6】who引导定语从句，修饰名词people, who在从句中作主语。
【7】现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词people。
【8】whose引导定语从句，修饰名词people, whose在从句中作定语，修饰lives。
【9】that引导定语从句，修饰50 pounds per child, that在从句中作宾语。
During World War Ⅱ， Winton served as an officer in Britain's Royal Air Force. He left the military in 1954. He then worked for international charities and for various companies. For the most part ， he did not mention the children he saved【10】， and his actions soon disappeared from people's memories.
【10】he saved为定语从句，修饰名词children，从句省略了关系代词that/who/whom。
That all changed in 1988 when his wife Grete found a forgotten journal at home【11】. The journal contained photographs and names of the children and addresses of the families that took them in 【12】. She sent the journal to a newspaper, and that year Winton was seen on the British television programme That's Life. At one point ， the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives【13】. A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet . The programme brought his actions to public attention, and Winton became a respected figure around the world.
【11】when引导定语从句，修饰1988, when在从句中作时间状语。
【12】that引导定语从句，修饰名词families, that在从句中作主语。
【13】if引导条件状语从句。
Later, Winton received various honours for his achievement , including a knighthood in 2003, and the Czech government's highest honour, the Order of the White Lion, in 2014.
Nicholas Winton passed away on 1 July 2015, at the age of 106. As the Chinese saying goes【14】，“A kindhearted person lives a long life.”
【14】As引导非限制性定语从句，as意为“正如”。
[课文译文]
善行的力量
“英国辛德勒”：尼古
拉斯·温顿的一生
现在是1939年8月，一群受惊的孩子正在布拉格的威尔逊车站上火车。他们伤心的父母没有加入他们。事实上，他们担心或许再也见不到自己的孩子了。但是他们知道他们的孩子将会活着。这些是669个孩子中的一些，其中大部分是犹太人，尼古拉斯·温顿将继续拯救他们，使他们免于被纳粹分子杀害。
尼古拉斯·温顿于1909年5月19日出生在伦敦，父母是德裔犹太人。这个家庭后来取得了英国国籍。一毕业，温顿就在德国和法国的银行工作。他于1931年回到英国，在那里做生意。
1938年12月，一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹分子手中逃脱的人。在布拉格，温顿看到了生活在恶劣的条件下的人们，且他们的生命处于危险之中。他决定帮忙把孩子们送到英国的安全地带。他建立了一个办事处记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找临时住所。他用捐赠的资金和自己的钱支付英国政府向每个孩子征收的50英镑的费用。到1939年8月，温顿已经救了669个孩子。
第二次世界大战期间，温顿在英国皇家空军担任军官。他在1954年离开军队。之后，他为国际慈善机构和多家公司工作。他很少提及他救过的孩子们，他的行为很快就从人们的记忆中消失了。
1988年，当他的妻子格蕾特在家里发现了一本被遗忘的日记时，一切都改变了。日记里有孩子们的照片和名字，以及收养他们的家庭住址。她把日记寄给了一家报纸，那年温顿在英国电视节目《这就是人生》上露面。节目中，主持人问在场有没有被尼古拉斯·温顿救过的人，如果有请起立。温顿震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。这个节目让温顿的善举为公众所了解，也让温顿受到全世界人们的尊敬。
后来，温顿因自己的成就获得了各种荣誉，其中包括2003年获得的爵士头衔，2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉——白狮勋章。
尼古拉斯·温顿于2015年7月1日去世，享年106岁。正如中国有句俗语所说的，“善良的人长寿”。
1)aid v. 帮助，援助　n．帮助，援助)
(教材原句)In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.
1938年12月，一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹分子手中逃脱的人。
(应用文之建议信)You will be able to understand this article with the aid of a dictionary.
借助词典，你将能够理解这篇文章。
His colleague saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
他的同事见他有困难，便过来帮忙。
[考点归纳]
(2)come (go) to one's aid 　　　　　　　　　来(去)帮助某人
give/do/offer/carry out first aid (to sb.) (对某人)实施急救
in aid of 为了帮助……
with the aid of 借助……的帮助
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I couldn't speak French but a kind man came ________ my aid.
②________ aid of the poor kids, the generous man made a donation to the charity.
③Because the rain is around the corner, I suggest we aid the farmers ________ the harvest.
④在我们老师的帮助下，我们学会了如何进行急救。
(应用文之活动介绍)__________________ our teachers, we learned how to give _________．
to
In
with
With the aid of
first aid
2)achievement n．成绩，成就；实现，完成)
(教材原句)Later，Winton received various honours for his achievement...后来，温顿因自己的成就获得了各种荣誉……
If you want to make some achievements, you should be specialized in some area.
你如果想取得一些成就，就应该在某个领域有所专长。
She achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer after ten years of hard work.
她在十年的努力工作后，实现了成为著名作家的夙愿。
[考点归纳]
(1)make an achievement 取得成就
a sense of achievement 成就感
one's achievement in... 某人在……方面的成就
(2)achieve v. 获得，取得
achieve an aim/a goal 实现目标
achieve success/victory 获得成功/胜利
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I felt a great sense of ____________ (achieve) when I reached the top of the mountain.
②In the last few years, China has made great ___________ (achieve) in environmental protection.
③They ______________ (achieve) a lot in treating the new disease since last year.
achievement
achievements
have achieved
3)keep records/a record of 记录)
(教材原句)He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them.
他建立了一个办事处来记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找临时住所。
It is recorded that this summer was the wettest for 10 years.
据记载，这个夏季是十年来最潮湿的。
When you make a record, it's different from a concert, because you leave something there.当你要录制一张唱片时，这与音乐会演奏是不同的，原因是你最终要留下一些东西。
[考点归纳]
break/set/hold a record 打破/创造/保持纪录
on record 记录在案的
It is recorded that... 据记载……
make a record 录制唱片；做记录；记录信息
play a record 播放唱片
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The weather centre keeps a record ________ the weather.
②那位年轻人在运动会上创造了一项新纪录。
The young man ________________________ at the sports meeting.
③他做得很好，但是没能打破纪录。
He did very well, but he failed to ________________________．
of
set a new record
break the record
4)rise to one's feet 站起身来)
(教材原句)A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
温顿震惊地看到大多数人站了起来。
(读后续写之动作描写)Hearing a strange noise, he quickly rose to his feet and ran away.
听到一个奇怪的声音，他快速地站起来跑了。
(读后续写之动作描写)Bravely, Mary struggled to her feet and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.
玛丽挣扎着站起来，勇敢地同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。
Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost.
我刚走上那条街就发现自己迷路了。
[考点归纳]
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
jump to one's feet 突然站起来，一跃而起
set foot in 进入(某处)，踏进(某处)
stand on one's own feet 自立，独立
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①At the end of the concert, the audience ________ (rise) to their feet to applaud and cheer.
②Be independent, because you are old enough to stand ________ your own feet.
③Seeing him enter the room, the young man struggled ________ his feet.
rose
on
to
④看到一条蛇，他吓得跳了起来。
(读后续写之心理描写)Seeing a snake, he was frightened to _____________．
⑤问题一提出，汤姆就站起来回答。
No sooner had the question been put forward than Tom ________________________ to answer it.
jump to his feet
rose to his feet
5)(教材原句)On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.,毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。)
[句式解构]　on/upon＋n./doing...表示“一……就……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。
On/Upon returning, Bernard thanked the Smiths with eyes.
伯纳德一回来就含着泪感谢了史密斯一家。
She was joyful upon seeing her child take his first steps.
一看到儿子学会走路，她就感觉很高兴。
[名师点津]　“一……就……”句型荟萃
表示“一……就……”还有以下几种表达：
①immediately/directly/instantly＋从句
②the moment/minute/instant＋从句
③no sooner...than.../hardly...when...
(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒装)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句式升级
①On ________ (see) Jack, I'll tell him the good news that he has been admitted into Peking University.
②On his ________ (arrive) home, he turned on the television.
③He started his travel to Suzhou as soon as he finished his studies.
→________________________ his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
→________________________ he finished his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
→_________________________ he finished his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
seeing
arrival
On/Upon finishing
The moment/minute/second
Immediately/Directly/Instantly
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Better training policies and new technologies are ________ (帮助) disabled people in the workplace.
2．The supermarket is taking on a few ________ (临时的) assistants for the National Day holiday.
3．His parents are proud of his ____________ (成就) which he has made in the field of chemistry.
4．The patient's chest pain was relieved by a special ________ (治疗).
5．Only when you have ________ (获得) enough evidence can you come to a sound conclusion.
aiding
temporary
achievement(s)
treatment
obtained
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．________ the aid of my English teacher, I have made great progress this term.
2．We just stay here ____________ (temporary). Tomorrow we will move into our new house.
3．I jumped ________ my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.
With
temporarily
to
4．In the last few years, China has made great ___________ (achieve) in environmental protection.
5．His escape ________ prison made all the people in the town worried.
6．On ________ (arrive) at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him.
achievements
from
arriving
Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，满分10分)
1．We ensure that the ________ (临时的) workers should complete the task on time.
2．The agony aunt was proud of her friend's ________ (成就).
3．The latter played a ________ (主要的) role in the play.
答案：temporary
答案：achievement
答案：major
4．He's receiving ________ (治疗) for cancer.
5．His help ensures that we can get a ________ (证书).
6．Apart from learning from the classes, you can also ________ (获得) core knowledge from practice.
答案：treatment
答案：certificate
答案：obtain
7．Water shortage has become the ________ (主要的) concern of the world today.
8．Like many ________ (军队的) medals, the one Zac's mother had found was justified a family treasure.
9．We don't have any ________ (更多的) questions to resolve.
答案：chief
答案：military
答案：further
10．By drawing independent local cities and regions closer together, the bridge will ________ (帮助) the area's development greatly.
答案：aid
Ⅱ.短语填空(每空2分，满分24分)
bring...to public attention, pass away, take up, keep records of, at one point, kind of, take...in, in danger, rise to one's feet, play an important role in
1．The soldiers set off immediately to save those who were _______ in the floodhit area.
答案：in danger
2．The young man had nowhere to sleep so the kind couple offered to ________ him ________．
3．____________ everything we spend money on can help us better manage our consumption (消费).
4．It is good manners to ____________ when those who are older than you speak to you.
答案：take; in
答案：Keeping records of
答案：rise to your feet
5．The organization has been aiming at ____________ environmental protection ____________．
6．Last fall my fatherinlaw ____________ so my wife and I went back to our hometown for the funeral.
7．____________ he considered becoming a professional soccer player, but finally he made a career in tennis.
答案：bringing; to public attention
答案：passed away
答案：At one point
8．Family education ____________ the growing process of children.
9．I'm afraid that it is ____________ late to set off for the valley.
10．I firmly believe that my experience is adequate to ____________ this job.
答案：plays an important role in
答案：kind of
答案：take up
Ⅲ.单句语法填空(每空1分，满分10分)
1．Park visitors were encouraged to feed them, and security guards ensured their ________ (safe).
答案：safety
解析：考查名词。句意：公园游客被鼓励给它们喂食，保安人员确保它们的安全。their为形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词。
2．Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and resolving transportation and storage ________ (require).
答案：requirements
解析：考查名词。句意：未来的杂货店可能会储存持续多年的“食物”，释放货架空间，解决运输和储存需求。resolve为及物动词，后面跟名词。
3．They turn to us because we can offer them ________ (treat) strategy with higher success rates.
答案：treatment
解析：考查名词。句意：他们求助我们，因为我们可以为他们提供有更高成功率的治疗策略。offer是双宾语动词，treatment strategy是直接宾语。
4．How on earth did you guess his ________ (nation), occupation and all those other core things about him just from his appearance
答案：nationality
解析：考查名词。句意：你究竟是怎样只从外表就猜出了他的国籍、职业以及其他关于他的一切的核心问题？nationality与occupation是并列宾语。nation意为“国家”，需要进行词尾变化变成形容词national，再名词化，变为nationality。
5．Please give us the opportunity to know each other and cooperate in the ________ (establish) of trust and frank friendship!
答案：establishment
解析：考查名词。句意：请给我们互相认识的机会，并在建立信任和坦诚的友谊中合作！the为定冠词，后面跟名词。the establishment of trust建立信任。
6．They are extremely ________ (respect) of the agony aunt and eager to accept whatever she says.
答案：respectful
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们对知心阿姨极为尊敬，而且渴望接受她说的一切。extremely为副词，后面跟形容词。respectful意为“对……尊敬的，彬彬有礼的”。
7．The boxing player's ________ (achieve) is recognized.
答案：achievement
解析：考查名词。句意：那个拳击手的成就得到了认可。
8．The ________ (major) of people have adjusted to owning a dog for companionship.
答案：majority
解析：考查名词。句意：大多数人已经适应了养狗是为了有个伴儿。the majority of意为“大多数”。
9．Without ________ (hesitate), she took a breath and leapt into the water and saved the drowning child.
答案：hesitation
解析：考查名词。句意：深吸一口气后，她毫不犹豫地跳进水里救了溺水的孩子。根据空前介词without可知，本空应用名词hesitation“犹豫”。without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”。
10．I can't ensure that I can leave my job ________ (temporary).
答案：temporarily
解析：考查副词。句意：我不能确保我可以暂时离开我的工作。本空修饰动词leave，故应用副词temporarily“暂时地，临时地”。
Ⅳ.熟词生义(每空2分，满分8分)
根据句子提供的语境及语意选择与句中黑体词相符合的词性和词义。
1．I don't need any special treatment any more than anyone else.
A．n. something that is done to cure an illness or injury
B．n. a way of dealing with a person or thing
________________
答案：B
2．I'm sure you will join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors.
A．vt. to offer or give sth. to sb.
B．vi. to cover a particular area, distance or length of time
________________
答案：A
3．We were given a royal welcome at the square by the host.
A．adj. impressive
B．adj. connected with the king or queen
________________
答案：A
4．She majored in History at Peking University.
A．adj. very important
B．vi. to study sth. as your main subject
________________
答案：B
Ⅴ.完成句子(每空2分，满分8分)
1．人工智能的使用很广泛，我们的生活变得更加方便。(with复合结构)
_________________， our life becomes more convenient.
答案：With artificial intelligence used widely
2．新中国见证了林巧稚医生在医学方面发挥了关键作用。(现在分词短语作宾补)
The new People's Republic of China saw Dr. Lin Qiaozhi __________ in the medical field.
答案：playing a key role
3．另一种濒危动物是大熊猫，它的栖息地在中国。(whose引导定语从句)
Another animal in danger is the giant panda, ____________________．
答案：whose habitat is in China
4．当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。”(on/upon doing...)
______________________， she said, “The honour is not just mine.”
答案：On/Upon hearing that she was awarded the Nobel Prize
Ⅵ.课文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
In August 1939, a group of frightened children 1.________ (board) a train at Prague's Wilson Station. Nicholas Winton would save them from death at the hands of the Nazis.
Nicholas Winton was born 2.________ 19 May 1909 in London, to GermanJewish parents. On 3.________ (leave) school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. He returned to Britain in 1931, 4.________ he worked in business.
When Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and whose lives were in danger in Prague, he decided 5.________ (help) transport children to safety in Britain. By August 1939, Winton 6.________ (save) 669 children.
During World War Ⅱ， Winton served as an officer in Britain's Royal Air Force. After he left the military, Winton worked for international charities and for various companies. However, for the most part, he did not mention the children he saved, and his actions soon disappeared from people's memories.
In 1988, his wife Grete found a 7.________ (forget) journal at home. The journal contained photographs and 8.________ (name) of the children and addresses of the families that took them in. She sent the journal to a newspaper and the British television programme That's Life brought his actions to public attention.
Later, Winton received various honours for his 9.________ (achieve). Nicholas Winton passed away on 1 July 2015, at 10.________ age of 106.
1．答案：were boarding
解析：考查时态。句意：1939年8月，一群受惊的孩子在布拉格的威尔逊车站登上了火车。
2．答案：on
解析：考查介词。句意：尼古拉斯·温顿1909年5月19日生于伦敦……
3．答案：leaving
解析：考查动名词。句意：一离开学校，温顿就在德国和法国的银行工作。根据空前介词on可知，本空应用动名词形式。on doing sth.意为“一做某事(就)”。
5．答案：to help
解析：考查不定式。句意：当温顿在布拉格看到生活在恶劣的条件下且生命处于危险之中的人们时，他决定帮助把孩子们送到英国的安全地带。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。
6．答案：had saved
解析：考查时态。句意：到1939年8月，温顿已经救了669个孩子。根据by August 1939可知，本空应用过去完成时。
7．答案：forgotten
解析：考查过去分词。句意：1988年，他的妻子格蕾特在家里发现了一本被遗忘的日记。本空修饰名词journal，应用过去分词作定语。
8．答案：names
解析：考查名词复数。句意：这本日记里有孩子们的照片和名字，以及收留他们的家庭的地址。根据空后children可知，本空应用名词复数形式。
9．答案：achievement
解析：考查名词。句意：后来，温顿因自己的成就获得了各种荣誉。根据空前for可知，本空应用名词achievement“成就”。
10．答案：the
解析：考查冠词。句意：尼古拉斯·温顿于2015年7月1日去世，享年106岁。at the age of意为“在……岁时”，故本空应用定冠词the。
层级二　语言能力训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
As we all know, China is a large country. That is the reason why there are so many different dialects in China. It is hard to guess how many dialects actually exist. In general, dialects can be roughly classified into the following seven large groups: Putonghua (Mandarin), Gan, Kejia (Hakka), Min, Wu, Xiang and Yue (Cantonese). Each language group contains a large number of dialects. These are the Chinese languages spoken mostly by the Han people, which represents about 92 percent of the total population. The rest are nonChinese languages spoken by minorities in China, such as Mongolian and Miao.
Even though the dialects from the seven groups are quite different, a nonMandarin speaker usually can speak some Mandarin, even if with a strong accent. This is largely because Mandarin has been the official national language since 1913.
Despite the large differences among Chinese dialects, there is one thing in common—they all share the same writing system based on Chinese characters. However, the same character is pronounced differently depending on which dialect one speaks. Let's take “wo” for example，the word for “I” or “me”. In Mandarin, it is pronounced “wo”. In Wu, it is pronounced “ngu”， in Min, “gua” and in Cantonese, “ngo”． You get the idea.
A distinguishing (显著的) feature across all Chinese languages is tone. For instance, Mandarin has four tones and Cantonese has six tones. Tone, in terms of language, is the pitch (音高) in which syllables (音节) in words are pronounced. In Chinese, different words stress different pitches. Some words even have the pitch variation in one single syllable so they have different tones and pronunciation. Thus, the tone is very important in any Chinese dialect. There are many cases when words spelt in pinyin are the same, but the way it is pronounced changes the meaning. For example, in Mandarin, “妈 (m?)” means mother, “马 (m?)” means horse, and “骂 (mà)” means to scold.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的方言的分类，不同方言的发音不同，语调在方言中也发挥着重要的作用。
1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about？(　　)
A．China has a vast area.
B．People in China speak seven dialects.
C．Dialects are rich in China and hard to count.
D．Mandarin makes up 92 percent of Chinese population.
答案：C
解析：段落大意题。根据文章第一段中“That is the reason why there are so many different dialects in China. It is hard to guess how many dialects actually exist.”可知，第一段主要介绍了中国的方言数量很多并且很难数清。故选C项。
2．How does the writer explain the same character has different pronunciations？(　　)
A．By explaining reasons.
B．By stating facts.
C．By giving examples.
D．By making comparisons.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Let's take ‘wo’ for example, the word for ‘I’ or ‘me’. In Mandarin, it is pronounced ‘wo’. In Wu, it is pronounced ‘ngu’， in Min, ‘gua’ and in Cantonese, ‘ngo’．”可知，相同的汉字在不同的方言中发音不同，作者通过汉字“我”的发音作为例子说明了这一点。故选C项。
3．What does the underlined word “variation” mean in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Pause. B．Speed.
C．Power. D．Change.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文的“so they have different tones and pronunciation”可知，这些汉字有着音调和发音上的变化；由此推知， variation表示变化。故选D项。
4．Why does the writer mention “mother, horse and scold” at the end of the passage？(　　)
A．To prove the important role of tone.
B．To discuss the single syllable of pinyin.
C．To stress the different pitch of Cantonese.
D.To show the distinguishing feature of Mandarin.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thus, the tone is very important in any Chinese dialect. There are many cases when words spelt in pinyin are the same, but the way it is pronounced changes the meaning.”可知，作者通过“妈”“马”和“骂”举例，它们拼音虽然一样，但是声调不同，表达了不同的含义，证明了声调在方言中的重要性。故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
For parents, it seems that a child's game is empty entertainment (娱乐). 1(____) However, for a child, play is the main way of building important life skills.
2(____) And if the result of adult work is the produced “product”， for the child the result of the game is new knowledge about the world and a better understanding of how the world works. Interacting with other children during the game, the child develops his own style of behavior and communication.
Through the game, the child learns new skills and develops speech, thinking, attention and other mental functions. 3(____) For example, making something from plasticine (橡皮泥), the child develops fine motor skills, learns colors and geometric (几何的) shapes. Also, any games develop creativity and imagination.
A game for a child is also a way to express to an adult their experiences: joys, anxieties, fears, hopes, expectations. Often, through the game, the child tells parents something important about himself and learns something important about his parents. 4(____)
The role of an adult in play is to support and encourage the child. This helps the baby understand that his opinion is valuable, and his ideas and imagination deserve respect. 5(____) If so, the child feels nervous and confused and may even think that he is doing something wrong and does not know how to play. Joint games best teach parents to understand their children and find a common language with them.
A．This helps to develop their practical ability.
B．It forms a unique model of the world for a child.
C．This applies not only to special educational games.
D．They always want to replace it with something more useful.
E．For a child, any game is the same productive activity as work for an adult.
F．The game is a way to be closer, to feel the support, care and love of parents.
G．It is not worth it for an adult to insist on their own “correct” opinion of the game.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了游戏可以给孩子带来的好处。
1．答案：D
解析：关联逻辑法解题。上文“For parents, it seems that a child's game is empty entertainment.”指出父母对游戏的看法，后文“However, for a child, play is the main way of building important life skills.”提到了孩子自己对游戏的看法。D选项中it指代上文的game。D项“They always want to replace it with something more useful.”符合语境。故选D项。
2．答案：E
解析：设空位置法解题。后文“...for the child the result of the game is new knowledge about the world and a better understanding of how the world works.”提到了成功工作的结果是生产出产品，孩子的游戏结果是关于世界的新知识和对世界如何运作的更好理解，即孩子的游戏和成人的工作一样是富有成效的活动。E选项“For a child, any game is the same productive activity as work for an adult.”符合语境，故选E项。
3．答案：C
解析：关联逻辑法解题。根据上文“Through the game, the child learns new skills and develops speech, thinking, attention and other mental functions.”可知，通过游戏来学习和培养技能是适合所有的孩子的。C项“这不仅适用于特殊的教育游戏”，符合语境，故选C项。
4．答案：F
解析：关联逻辑法解题。根据上文“Often, through the game, the child tells parents something important about himself and learns something important about his parents.”可知，本段主要说明了儿童游戏也是向成人表达他们体验的一种方式。本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明游戏的好处。F选项“游戏是一种拉近距离，感受父母的支持、关心和爱的方式”符合语境。故选F项。
5．答案：G
解析：关联逻辑法解题。根据下文“If so, the child feels nervous and confused and may even think that he is doing something wrong and does not know how to play.”推知，上文提到了在联合游戏中父母的负面做法。G项“对于一个成年人来说，坚持自己对这项游戏的‘正确’看法是不值得的”符合语境。故选G项。

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