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Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．高频词汇及变形
①________ n. 仆人，佣人
②________ n. 主管，负责
③________ adv. 在前面
④________ n. 章节
⑤________ v. 看清；认出
⑥________ prep. 在……之下，在……正下方
⑦________ v．允许，准许，许可　n．许可证→permission n．准许；许可证
⑧________ v．深深吸引→________ adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的→fascinating adj.极有吸引力的→fascination n．魅力
⑨________ v．相联系，有关联；讲述→related adj.相关的→relation n．关系
⑩________ v．使惊讶；使吃惊→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonishment n．吃惊
________ v．消耗→consumption n．消费，消耗→________ n．消费者
________ v．环绕，围绕→________ adj.周围的→________ n．周围的事物，环境
________ adj.深的→________ n．深，深度→deepen v．加深
________ adj.宽的，阔的→broaden v．变宽，变阔
gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→________ adv.逐渐地，逐步地
2．低频词汇知其意
(　　)①league A．n.船长
(　　)②captain B．n.头盔，钢盔
(　　)③helmet C．n.坚果(仁)
(　　)④nut D．n.光线，光束
(　　)⑤ray E．adj.有皱褶的
(　　)⑥wrinkled F．n.岸，滨
(　　)⑦shore G．n.地毯
(　　)⑧carpet H．n.(光、声等的)强度
(　　)⑨intensity I．n.震颤，震动
(　　)⑩vibration J．n.原子
(　　) atom K．n.里格(旧时长度单位，相当于3英里或3海里)
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．________________ 和……一起
2．________________ 主管
3．________________ 提前
4．________________ 回顾
5．________________ 比例上占……；解释
6．in broad daylight ________________
7．be fascinated by ________________
8．astonish sb. ________________
9．at a distance of... ________________
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．独立主格结构，在句中作状语
尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下在后面几步外跟着。
Captain Nemo walked in front, ________________________________________．
2．as引导方式状语从句
我和康塞尔一直挨得很近，近到好像能透过金属外壳听到彼此说话。
Conseil and I remained near each other, ________________________________ had been possible through our metal cases.
3．完全倒装句
我头顶上是平静的海面。
Above me _______________________________________________.
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．Fill in the blanks.
2．The main idea of the passage is that in this article, the professor and others follow __________ to walk at the bottom of the sea, presenting __________ the bottom of the sea, especially the changes of ________， and the feeling of walking ___________．
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．Who was found working on the submarine
A．Pierre Aronnax, the biologist professor.
B．Nemo, the captain.
C．Conseil, the servant.
D．Ned Land, the whale hunter.
2．Why weren't the three new passengers permitted to leave the submarine
A．To keep a secret.
B．To enjoy more undersea scenes.
C．To help the captain Nemo.
D．To take more adventures.
3．What was not described in the words of Aronnax
A．The solar rays in the sea.
B．The sand under the sea.
C．The colours of the sea water.
D．The temperature of the sea.
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Aronnax was astonished at the power of the light.
B．Aronnax couldn't distinguish objects under the sea.
C．Aronnax felt uncomfortable while under the sea.
D．Aronnax felt very lonely while travelling under the sea.
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1.
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________________
2.
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________________
3.
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
找出含有修辞手法的句子并译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[词汇积累]
①servant/'s v( )nt/n.仆人，佣人
②submarine/'s bm ri n/ n．潜(水)艇
③charge/t ɑ d /n.主管，负责
in charge 负责，掌管
④captain/'k ptIn/n. 船长
⑤ahead/ 'hed/adv. 在前面
⑥permit/p 'mIt/v.允许，准许，许可
⑦fascinated
/'f sIneItId/
adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的
⑧adapt from 根据……改编
⑨chapter/'t pt / n．章节
⑩look back upon 回顾
relate/rI'leIt/v.
相联系，有关联；讲述
no longer 不再
helmet/'helmIt/n.头盔，钢盔
nut/n t/n.坚果(仁)
astonish/ 'st nI /v.使吃惊，使惊讶
ray/reI/n.光线，光束
consume/k n'sju m/ v．消耗
distinguish
/dI'stI ɡwI /
v．看清；认出
gradually/'ɡr d u li/
adv.逐渐地，逐步地
surround/s 'ra nd/v.环绕，围绕
wrinkled/'rI k( )ld/adj.有皱褶的
shore/ /n.岸，滨
carpet/'kɑ pIt/n.地毯
intensity/In'tensIti/n.(光、声等的)强度
account for 解释，
是……的原因
vibration
/vaI'breI ( )n/n.震颤，震动
atom/' t m/n.原子
depth/depθ/n.深，深度
broad/br d/adj.宽的，阔的
in broad daylight大白天
[教材原文]
TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
In 1866, a terrible sea creature is seen by several ships. Biologist Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant①， Conseil, join a ship to find and kill the creature. After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean, the creature is finally seen. While attacking from the ship 【1】， Aronnax and Conseil, along with the whale hunter Ned Land, fall into the sea, and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine②. They are captured and taken inside the submarine, where they meet the man in charge③， Captain④ Nemo 【2】. Ahead⑤ of its time, the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world. In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted⑥ to leave the submarine. While Ned Land can think only of escaping, Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated⑦ by their adventures in the new underwater world. In this part adapted from⑧ a chapter⑨ of the book, Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed...
【1】While引导省略形式的时间状语从句。
【2】where引导非限制性定语从句。
And now, how can I look back upon⑩ the impression left upon me by that walk under the
waters Words are not enough to relate such wonders! Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind. Conseil and I remained near each other, as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases 【3】. I no longer felt the weight of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet ， inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell 【4】．
【3】as if引导方式状语从句。
【4】“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。
The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean 【5】， astonished me by its power. The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily, and consumed all colour, and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards. Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue, and gradually disappeared. Truly this water which surrounded me 【6】 was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere, but almost as clear. Above me was the calm surface of the sea 【7】. We were walking on fine, even sand, not wrinkled , as on a flat shore which keeps the impression of the waves 【8】. This dazzling carpet , really a reflector, drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity , which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid 【9】. Shall I be believed when I say that, at the depth of thirty feet, I could see as if I was in broad daylight
(Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne)
【5】which 引导非限制性定语从句。
【6】which引导定语从句。
【7】本句为完全倒装句。
【8】which引导非限制性定语从句。
【9】which引导定语从句。
[课文译文]
海底两万里
在1866年，多艘船只目击到一种可怕的海洋生物。生物学家皮埃尔·阿龙纳斯教授和他的仆人康塞尔一起上船去寻找并杀死这种生物。他们在太平洋上航行了很久，终于看到了这种生物。当阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸人内德·兰德从船上对这只生物展开攻击时，他们掉到海里，并且发现这只“生物”其实是潜水艇。他们被抓住并被带进了潜水艇，在那里他们遇到了负责人，尼摩船长。这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一个不为人知的秘密。为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诉他的三个新乘客，他们不能离开潜水艇。内德·兰德一心想要逃走，而阿龙纳新和康塞尔却被他们在海底的新世界的奇遇吸引住了。在改编自这本书其中一章的这部分中，阿龙纳斯描述了在海底漫步的经历……
现在，我怎样来回忆在水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？语言不足以描述这样的奇迹！尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下紧随其后。康塞尔和我彼此靠得很近，近到好像我们可以透过我们的金属外壳听到彼此说话。我已经感觉不到衣服的重量，鞋子的重量，空气补给的重量，或头盔的重量，我的头在头盔里像一颗带壳的坚果一样摇晃着。
阳光照亮了海面下三十英尺深的地方，它的力量使我大吃一惊。太阳光很容易就穿透了海水，把所有的颜色都吸收了。我清楚地分辨出150码以内的物体。在更远处，颜色逐渐变暗，变成深蓝，然后逐渐消失。实际上，我周围的这片水不过是另一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，但几乎同样清澈。我上面是平静的海面。我们走在又细又平坦的沙地上，没有皱褶，就像走在平坦的海岸上，它保留了海浪的痕迹。这条耀眼的地毯，实际上是一个反射器，以惊人的强度把太阳光驱散了，这就解释了通过每一个液体原子的震动。当我说，在三十英尺深的地方，我能像在大白天一样看得清清楚楚，你相信吗？
(改编自儒勒·凡尔纳的《海底两万里》)
1)permit v. 允许，准许，许可　n．许可证)
(教材原句)In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.
为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诉他的三个新乘客，他们不能离开潜水艇。
We will have a picnic in the woods, weather permitting.
如果天气允许的话，我们将在树林里野餐。
We do not permit smoking in the office.
我们不允许在办公室里抽烟。
You can't take photographs here without permission.
未经许可你们不能在此处拍照。
[考点归纳]
(1)permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit sb. sth. 允许某人某事
(2)permission n. 允许；准许；许可
ask sb. for permission＝ask permission from sb. 请求某人许可
without permission 未经许可
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Everyone mustn't take any photographs in the old temple without ________ (permit).
②手机已经成为一种主要的通信工具，使我们能保持联系和上网，让我们了解最新的消息。
The mobile phone has become a major means of communication, ____________ us to keep in touch as well as to surf the Internet to keep us informed of the latest news.
③天气允许的话，聚会将在花园里举行。
The party will be held in the garden, ________________．
④他允许他的儿子负责那项预计在一个月之内完工的项目。
He ________________________________ the project which was expected to be completed within one month.
2)relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述，认同)
Health problems are closely related to bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.
健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。
I can't relate what he does to what he says.
我无法将他做的事和他说的话联系起来。
The state has staged a series of policy measures in/with relation to western region development.
国家已经出台了一系列有关西部发展的政策措施。
[考点归纳]
(1)relate...to... 把……和……联系起来
relate sth. to sb. 和某人叙述/讲述某事
relate to 涉及；和……有联系；理解
(2)related adj. 有关联的；相关的
be related to 和……有关/有联系
(3)relation n. 关系；联系；亲戚
in relation to 关于；涉及
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①We should cherish the one who has no blood ________ (relate) with you but treats you well.
②就在那天晚上，他向我讲述了他悲惨的童年。
It was on that night that he ________ his miserable childhood ________ me.
③文章第二段涉及苏格兰的形势。
The second paragraph of the text ________________ the situation in Scotland.
④据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。
It is said that the short English film is mainly ________________ the development of our school.
3)distinguish v．看清；听出；认出；区分；辨别；分清；使有别于；使著名；使受人青睐)
(话题作文之阅读的好处)Reading good books enriches our mind and teaches us to distinguish between right and wrong.
阅读好书既能丰富我们的思想又能教我们分辨是非。
Honestly speaking, I admire your distinguished achievements.
诚实地说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就。
The power of speech distinguishes human beings from animals.
语言能力使得人类有别于动物。
You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong.
你应该学会明辨是非。
[考点归纳]
(1)distinguish between...and... 区分/辨别……和……
distinguish...from... 使……有别于……
distinguish oneself as 使某人作为……而出名
(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的
be distinguished for 因……而出名
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is desires and urges like these that distinguish us ________ animals.
②Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing ________ areas of light and dark.
③As we all know, she has already distinguished herself ________ a great volleyball coach.
④中国首都北京因为许多名胜古迹而出名。
Beijing, the capital city of China, ________________ many places of interest.
⑤他不能区别英式英语和美式英语。
He can't ________________ British English ________ American English.
4)surround v．围绕，环绕)
(教材原句)Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere, but almost as clear.
真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, surrounded in concentric circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。
(读后续写之景物描写)The valley and its surrounding scenery are fascinating.
这个山谷和它周围的景致非常迷人。
We stood at the edge of the lake, which is surrounded by/with trees.我们站在湖边，湖边树木环绕。
[考点归纳]
surround...with... 用……把……围住
be surrounded with/by 被……包围
surrounding adj. 周围的
surroundings n. 环境
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①They live in a beautiful village, with many trees and flowers ________ (surround) it.
②They all went out to look for the lost child in the ________ (surround) villages.
③Some insects take on the colours of their ________ (surround) to protect themselves.
④This is a small and common clinic surrounded ________ high buildings.
⑤Once upon a time, a king who was polite to ________ countries lived in a castle ________ by a large forest and having wonderful ________. (surround)
⑥The small island with beautiful scenery ______________________ (被……围绕) the sea.
5)astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶)
(教材原句)The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean, astonished me by its power.
阳光照亮了海面下三十英尺深的地方，它的力量使我大吃一惊。
What astonished me most was that she still remembered my name.
使我万分惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字。
He was astonished to learn he'd won the competition.
得知他赢得了比赛后，他感到很惊讶。
[考点归纳]
(1)astonished adj. 吃惊的
be astonished at/by 因/对……感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth./that... 某人惊讶于(做)某事
be astonished to find/hear/learn/see惊讶地发现/听到/获悉/看到
(2)astonishment n. 惊异
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
in astonishment 吃惊地
(3)astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的
[一言助记]　To my astonishment, they weren't astonished at the astonishing news, so I looked at them in astonishment.
令我吃惊的是，他们听到这个令人惊讶的消息时并不吃惊，于是我惊讶地望着他们。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①My sister ran 100m in an ________ (astonish) 11.9 seconds.
②We were astonished ________ (find) the temple still in its original condition.
③The audience was inexpressibly ________ (astonish) at the brilliant performance.
④使我惊讶的是他取得了这样快的进步。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________. (What astonishes sb. is...)
＝________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________. (astonishment)
＝________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________. (be astonished that)
6)account for 是……的原因；解释；占(一定数量或比例))
The Chinese market accounts for 35% of the company's revenue.中国市场占该公司收入的35%。
(应用文之求职信)I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into account.
如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。
How do you account for the show's success
你认为这次演出为何成功？
On no account can we do violence to public facilities.
我们绝对不可以破坏公共设施。
[考点归纳]
take...into account＝take account of 考虑到，顾及
give sb. an account of 向某人描述……
on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Good suggestions are worth adopting ________ account of their benefit to us all. ________ no account will you ignore them.
②His exam results were not good, but we must take the fact that he was ill for a long time ________ account.
③The application of new technologies and the wide appeal of movie stars could also account ________ the increase.
7)(教材原句)Above me was the calm surface of the sea.我头顶上是平静的海面。)
[句式解构]　本句是全部倒装句，结构为：地点副词(短语)＋谓语＋主语＋其他。
[名师点津]
全部倒装句的条件：
(1)表示地点、方位或时间的副词，如here、 there、 in、 out、 up、 down、 away、 now、 then等置于句首时；
(2)谓语动词一般为be动词或lie、 come、 go、 stand、 exist等表示“存在、位于”或“位置移动”的动词；
(3)句子的主语为名词(如果句子的主语为代词，主谓不倒装)；
(4)句子时态常为一般现在时或一般过去时。
Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.
你盼望已久的信在这儿。
Then came the disturbing news that the missing plane crashed into the ocean.
然后传来了那架失踪的飞机坠入海洋的令人不安的消息。
In front of the house stands a big tree.
房子前面矗立着一棵大树。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级
①There ________ (exist) an abandoned farm in the distance.
②突然，进来一个戴面具的人。
Suddenly, ________________________ with a mask.
③________________________ (湖周围是) a huge number of farms.
④________________________ (公共汽车来了) and we have to say goodbye.
⑤A small boy rushed from behind the door.
→________________________________ a small boy. (用倒装句改写)
⑥The man jumped down from the horse.
→________________________ the man from the horse. (用倒装句改写)
8)(教材原句)Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind.,尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。
[句式解构]　独立主格结构
(1)构成：名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语
(2)句法功能：在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。
(3)特点：
名词/代词＋现在分词(主动关系)
名词/代词＋过去分词(被动关系)
名词/代词＋不定式(不定式表示动作尚未发生)
Time permitting, we can wander around the park.
如果时间允许，我们可以去公园漫步。(条件状语)
The problem solved, he felt relieved.
问题解决了，他感到如释重负。(原因状语)
So much baggage to carry, I had to take a taxi.
有那么多行李要拿，我不得不乘出租车。(原因状语)
[误区警示]　在“名词＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，名词前面不用冠词，也不用其他任何修饰成分。
Our teacher came in, book in hand．
我们的老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We'll make a voyage to Hong Kong, weather ________ (permit).
②He was listening carefully in class, his eyes ________ (fix) on the blackboard.
③So many people ________ (help) him, Bob is sure to handle the situation very well.
④With several places of interest ________ (attract) him, he decided to stay for another two days.
⑤Sweat ________ (drip) from his face, the farmer worked in the field.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The exercises are designed to ________ (伸展) and build up your leg muscles.
2．Like any other public ________ (仆人), police must respond to public demand.
3．Challenge yourself and take ________ (负责) of your own growth in your career.
4．A friend introduced me to Tom, an experienced airline ________ (机长)and licensed doctor.
5．Those who tend to think back can hardly go ________ (向前).
6．In order to preserve the quiet study environment, using mobile phones isn't ________ (允许) anywhere in these areas.
7．I am ________ (惊讶的) at the way God knows when to send a special gift of encouragement at just the right time!
8．These outdated devices ________ (消耗) much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．Information from China's Mars probe could ________________ (解释) many questions raised by previous studies.
2．It is particularly worrying that nobody seems to be ________________ (负责，管理).
3．Parents should realize that it's illegal to read their children's letters ________________ (未经允许).
4．________________ (令我们非常吃惊的是), he should reject the job offer from the big company.
5．When you ________________ (被……包围着) positive people, you will focus on what you can do instead of what you can't.
6．In fact, there are many factors that ____________________ (与……有关) your failure in the driving test.
7．Remember to ________________ (反思) your mistakes from time to time.
8．His bravery and determination ________________ (给我们留下了深刻印象).
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．走路时，她发现地上有个闪闪发光的东西。
________________________， she found a shining thing on the ground.
2．所有工作都做完了，女孩关了电脑，离开了办公室。
________________________， the girl switched off the computer and left the office.
3．戴维英语讲得很完美，就好像他在英格兰住了很多年似的。
David speaks English perfectly _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
4．站在门口的那个年轻人借过我的书。
By the door ________________________ who borrowed my book.
5．看到这个与那起恶性事故有关的年轻人，我们都很吃惊。
We were all astonished to see the young man ________________________ the terrible accident.
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（十五）
Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．①servant　②charge　③ahead　④chapter　⑤distinguish
⑥beneath　⑦permit　⑧fascinate; fascinated　⑨relate
⑩astonish　 consume; consumer　 surround; surrounding; surroundings　 deep; depth　 broad　 gradually
2．①K　②A　③B　④C　⑤D　⑥E　⑦F　⑧G　⑨H
⑩I　 J
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．along with　2.in charge　3.ahead of　4.look back upon　5.account for　6.在大白天　7.着迷于，被……吸引　8.使某人吃惊　9.在……远的距离上
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．one of his men following some steps behind
2．as if an exchange of words
3．was the calm surface of the sea
语篇精读·能力提升
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．①weight　②nut　③clear　④wrinkled　⑤rays　⑥in broad daylight
2．captain Nemo; the scenery of; the sunlight; on the sea floor
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．B　2.A　3.D　4.A
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1．他们被抓了起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他遇见了负责人尼摩船长。
2．这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。
3．如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在大白天一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
(1)I no longer felt the weight of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet, inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell. (simile明喻)
我已经感觉不到衣服，鞋子、氧气罐和厚重的头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
(2)Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere, but almost as clear. (metaphor暗喻)
真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。
要点精研·考点突破
1．①permission　②permitting　③weather permitting
④permitted his son to take charge of
2．①relation　②related; to　③relates to　④related to/in relation to
3．①from　②between　③as　④is distinguished for
⑤distinguish; from或distinguish between; and或tell the difference between; and
4．①surrounding　②surrounding　③surroundings　④with/by　⑤surrounding; surrounded; surroundings　⑥is surrounded with/by
5．①astonishing　②to find　③astonished　④What astonished me was that he made such rapid progress; To my astonishment, he made such rapid progress; I was astonished that he made such rapid progress
6．①on; On　②into　③for
7．①exists　②in came a man　③Around the lake are
④Here comes the bus　⑤From behind the door rushed
⑥Down jumped
8．①permitting　②fixed　③to help　④attracting　⑤dripping
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．stretch　2.servant　3.charge　4.captain　5.ahead
6．permitted　7.astonished　8.consume
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．account for　2.in charge　3.without permission　4.To our great astonishment　5.are surrounded with　6.are related to
7．look back on　8.left a deep impression on us
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．When/While walking　2.All the work finished　3.as if he had lived in England for many years　4.stood the young man　5.(who was) related to/in relation to
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共144张PPT)
Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．高频词汇及变形
①________ n. 仆人，佣人
②________ n. 主管，负责
③________ adv. 在前面
④________ n. 章节
⑤__________ v. 看清；认出
⑥________ prep. 在……之下，在……正下方
servant
charge
ahead
chapter
distinguish
beneath
⑦________ v．允许，准许，许可　n．许可证→permission n．准许；许可证
⑧________ v．深深吸引→________ adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的→fascinating adj.极有吸引力的→fascination n．魅力
⑨________ v．相联系，有关联；讲述→related adj.相关的→relation n．关系
⑩________ v．使惊讶；使吃惊→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonishment n．吃惊
permit
fascinate
fascinated
relate
astonish
________ v．消耗→consumption n．消费，消耗→________ n．消费者
________ v．环绕，围绕→________ adj.周围的→________ n．周围的事物，环境
________ adj.深的→________ n．深，深度→deepen v．加深
________ adj.宽的，阔的→broaden v．变宽，变阔
gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→________ adv.逐渐地，逐步地
consume
consumer
surround
surrounding
surroundings
deep
depth
broad
gradually
2．低频词汇知其意
(　　)①league A．n.船长
(　　)②captain B．n.头盔，钢盔
(　　)③helmet C．n.坚果(仁)
(　　)④nut D．n.光线，光束
(　　)⑤ray E．adj.有皱褶的
(　　)⑥wrinkled F．n.岸，滨
K
A
B
C
D
E
(　　)⑦shore G．n.地毯
(　　)⑧carpet H．n.(光、声等的)强度
(　　)⑨intensity I．n.震颤，震动
(　　)⑩vibration J．n.原子
(　　) atom K．n.里格(旧时长度单位，相当于3英里或3海里)
F
G
H
I
J
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．________________ 和……一起
2．________________ 主管
3．________________ 提前
4．________________ 回顾
5．________________ 比例上占……；解释
along with
in charge
ahead of
look back upon
account for
6．in broad daylight ________________
7．be fascinated by ________________
8．astonish sb. ________________
9．at a distance of... ________________
在大白天
着迷于，被……吸引
使某人吃惊
在……远的距离上
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．独立主格结构，在句中作状语
尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下在后面几步外跟着。
Captain Nemo walked in front, _______________________________．
2．as引导方式状语从句
我和康塞尔一直挨得很近，近到好像能透过金属外壳听到彼此说话。
Conseil and I remained near each other, __________________________ had been possible through our metal cases.
one of his men following some steps behind
as if an exchange of words
3．完全倒装句
我头顶上是平静的海面。
Above me _______________________________________________.
was the calm surface of the sea
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．Fill in the blanks.
weight
nut
clear
wrinkled
rays
in broad
daylight
2．The main idea of the passage is that in this article, the professor and others follow __________ to walk at the bottom of the sea, presenting __________ the bottom of the sea, especially the changes of ________， and the feeling of walking ___________．
captain Nemo
the scenery of
the sunlight
on the sea floor
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．Who was found working on the submarine
A．Pierre Aronnax, the biologist professor.
B．Nemo, the captain.
C．Conseil, the servant.
D．Ned Land, the whale hunter.
√
2．Why weren't the three new passengers permitted to leave the submarine
A．To keep a secret.
B．To enjoy more undersea scenes.
C．To help the captain Nemo.
D．To take more adventures.
√
3．What was not described in the words of Aronnax
A．The solar rays in the sea.
B．The sand under the sea.
C．The colours of the sea water.
D．The temperature of the sea.
√
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Aronnax was astonished at the power of the light.
B．Aronnax couldn't distinguish objects under the sea.
C．Aronnax felt uncomfortable while under the sea.
D．Aronnax felt very lonely while travelling under the sea.
√
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1.
他们被抓了起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他遇见了负责人尼摩船长。
2.
这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。
3.
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在大白天一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
找出含有修辞手法的句子并译成汉语。
(1)I no longer felt the weight of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet, inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell. (simile明喻)
我已经感觉不到衣服，鞋子、氧气罐和厚重的头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
(2)Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere, but almost as clear. (metaphor暗喻)
真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。
[词汇积累]
①servant/'s v( )nt/n.仆人，佣人
②submarine/'s bm ri n/ n．潜(水)艇
③charge/t ɑ d /n.主管，负责
in charge 负责，掌管
④captain/'k ptIn/n. 船长
⑤ahead/ 'hed/adv. 在前面
⑥permit/p 'mIt/v.允许，准许，许可
⑦fascinated
/'f sIneItId/
adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的
⑧adapt from 根据……改编
⑨chapter/'t pt / n．章节
⑩look back upon 回顾
relate/rI'leIt/v.相联系，有关联；讲述
no longer 不再
helmet/'helmIt/n.头盔，钢盔
nut/n t/n.坚果(仁)
astonish/ 'st nI /v.使吃惊，使惊讶
ray/reI/n.光线，光束
consume/k n'sju m/ v．消耗
distinguish
/dI'stI ɡwI /
v．看清；认出
gradually/'ɡr d u li/
adv.逐渐地，逐步地
surround/s 'ra nd/v.环绕，围绕
wrinkled/'rI k( )ld/adj.有皱褶的
shore/ /n.岸，滨
carpet/'kɑ pIt/n.地毯
intensity/In'tensIti/n.(光、声等的)强度
account for 解释，是……的原因
vibration
/vaI'breI ( )n/n.震颤，震动
atom/' t m/n.原子
depth/depθ/n.深，深度
broad/br d/adj.宽的，阔的
in broad daylight大白天
[教材原文]
TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
In 1866, a terrible sea creature is seen by several ships. Biologist Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant①， Conseil, join a ship to find and kill the creature. After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean, the creature is finally seen. While attacking from the ship 【1】， Aronnax and Conseil, along with the whale hunter Ned Land, fall into the sea, and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine②.
They are captured and taken inside the submarine, where they meet the man in charge③， Captain④ Nemo 【2】. Ahead⑤ of its time, the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world. In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted⑥ to leave the submarine. While Ned Land can think only of escaping, Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated⑦ by their adventures in the new underwater world. In this part adapted from⑧ a chapter⑨ of the book, Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed...
【1】While引导省略形式的时间状语从句。
【2】where引导非限制性定语从句。
And now, how can I look back upon⑩ the impression left upon me by that walk under the
waters Words are not enough to relate such wonders! Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind. Conseil and I remained near each other, as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases 【3】. I no longer felt the weight of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet ， inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell 【4】．
【3】as if引导方式状语从句。
【4】“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。
The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean 【5】， astonished me by its power. The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily, and consumed all colour, and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards. Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue, and gradually disappeared. Truly this water which surrounded me 【6】 was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere, but almost as clear. Above me was the calm surface of the sea 【7】.
We were walking on fine, even sand, not wrinkled , as on a flat shore which keeps the impression of the waves 【8】. This dazzling carpet , really a reflector, drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity , which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid 【9】. Shall I be believed when I say that, at the depth of thirty feet, I could see as if I was in broad daylight
(Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne)
【5】which 引导非限制性定语从句。
【6】which引导定语从句。
【7】本句为完全倒装句。
【8】which引导非限制性定语从句。
【9】which引导定语从句。
[课文译文]
海底两万里
在1866年，多艘船只目击到一种可怕的海洋生物。生物学家皮埃尔·阿龙纳斯教授和他的仆人康塞尔一起上船去寻找并杀死这种生物。他们在太平洋上航行了很久，终于看到了这种生物。当阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸人内德·兰德从船上对这只生物展开攻击时，他们掉到海里，并且发现这只“生物”其实是潜水艇。他们被抓住并被带进了潜水艇，在那里他们遇到了负责人，尼摩船长。这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一个不为人知的秘密。
为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诉他的三个新乘客，他们不能离开潜水艇。内德·兰德一心想要逃走，而阿龙纳新和康塞尔却被他们在海底的新世界的奇遇吸引住了。在改编自这本书其中一章的这部分中，阿龙纳斯描述了在海底漫步的经历……
现在，我怎样来回忆在水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？语言不足以描述这样的奇迹！尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下紧随其后。康塞尔和我彼此靠得很近，近到好像我们可以透过我们的金属外壳听到彼此说话。我已经感觉不到衣服的重量，鞋子的重量，空气补给的重量，或头盔的重量，我的头在头盔里像一颗带壳的坚果一样摇晃着。
阳光照亮了海面下三十英尺深的地方，它的力量使我大吃一惊。太阳光很容易就穿透了海水，把所有的颜色都吸收了。我清楚地分辨出150码以内的物体。在更远处，颜色逐渐变暗，变成深蓝，然后逐渐消失。实际上，我周围的这片水不过是另一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，但几乎同样清澈。我上面是平静的海面。我们走在又细又平坦的沙地上，没有皱褶，就像走在平坦的海岸上，它保留了海浪的痕迹。这条耀眼的地毯，实际上是一个反射器，以惊人的强度把太阳光驱散了，这就解释了通过每一个液体原子的震动。当我说，在三十英尺深的地方，我能像在大白天一样看得清清楚楚，你相信吗？
(改编自儒勒·凡尔纳的《海底两万里》)
1)permit v. 允许，准许，许可　n．许可证)
(教材原句)In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.
为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诉他的三个新乘客，他们不能离开潜水艇。
We will have a picnic in the woods, weather permitting.
如果天气允许的话，我们将在树林里野餐。
We do not permit smoking in the office.
我们不允许在办公室里抽烟。
You can't take photographs here without permission.
未经许可你们不能在此处拍照。
[考点归纳]
(1)permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit sb. sth. 允许某人某事
(2)permission n. 允许；准许；许可
ask sb. for permission＝ask permission from sb. 请求某人许可
without permission 未经许可
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Everyone mustn't take any photographs in the old temple without ________ (permit).
②手机已经成为一种主要的通信工具，使我们能保持联系和上网，让我们了解最新的消息。
The mobile phone has become a major means of communication, ____________ us to keep in touch as well as to surf the Internet to keep us informed of the latest news.
permission
permitting
③天气允许的话，聚会将在花园里举行。
The party will be held in the garden, ________________．
④他允许他的儿子负责那项预计在一个月之内完工的项目。
He ___________________________ the project which was expected to be completed within one month.
weather permitting
permitted his son to take charge of
2)relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述，认同)
Health problems are closely related to bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.
健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。
I can't relate what he does to what he says.
我无法将他做的事和他说的话联系起来。
The state has staged a series of policy measures in/with relation to western region development.
国家已经出台了一系列有关西部发展的政策措施。
[考点归纳]
(1)relate...to... 把……和……联系起来
relate sth. to sb. 和某人叙述/讲述某事
relate to 涉及；和……有联系；理解
(2)related adj. 有关联的；相关的
be related to 和……有关/有联系
(3)relation n. 关系；联系；亲戚
in relation to 关于；涉及
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①We should cherish the one who has no blood ________ (relate) with you but treats you well.
②就在那天晚上，他向我讲述了他悲惨的童年。
It was on that night that he ________ his miserable childhood ________ me.
relation
related
to
③文章第二段涉及苏格兰的形势。
The second paragraph of the text ________________ the situation in Scotland.
④据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。
It is said that the short English film is mainly ________________ the development of our school.
relates to
related to/in relation to
3)distinguish v．看清；听出；认出；区分；辨别；分清；使有别于；使著名；使受人青睐)
(话题作文之阅读的好处)Reading good books enriches our mind and teaches us to distinguish between right and wrong.
阅读好书既能丰富我们的思想又能教我们分辨是非。
Honestly speaking, I admire your distinguished achievements.
诚实地说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就。
The power of speech distinguishes human beings from animals.
语言能力使得人类有别于动物。
You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong.
你应该学会明辨是非。
[考点归纳]
(1)distinguish between...and... 区分/辨别……和……
distinguish...from... 使……有别于……
distinguish oneself as 使某人作为……而出名
(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的
be distinguished for 因……而出名
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is desires and urges like these that distinguish us ________ animals.
②Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing ________ areas of light and dark.
③As we all know, she has already distinguished herself ________ a great volleyball coach.
from
between
as
④中国首都北京因为许多名胜古迹而出名。
Beijing, the capital city of China, ________________ many places of interest.
⑤他不能区别英式英语和美式英语。
He can't ____________________________________________ British English ____________ American English.
is distinguished for
from/and /and
Distinguish/distinguish between/tell the difference between
4)surround v．围绕，环绕)
(教材原句)Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere, but almost as clear.
真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, surrounded in concentric circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。
(读后续写之景物描写)The valley and its surrounding scenery are fascinating.
这个山谷和它周围的景致非常迷人。
We stood at the edge of the lake, which is surrounded by/with trees.我们站在湖边，湖边树木环绕。
[考点归纳]
surround...with... 用……把……围住
be surrounded with/by 被……包围
surrounding adj. 周围的
surroundings n. 环境
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①They live in a beautiful village, with many trees and flowers ________ (surround) it.
②They all went out to look for the lost child in the ________ (surround) villages.
③Some insects take on the colours of their ________ (surround) to protect themselves.
④This is a small and common clinic surrounded ________ high buildings.
surrounding
surrounding
surroundings
with/by
⑤Once upon a time, a king who was polite to ________ countries lived in a castle ________ by a large forest and having wonderful ________. (surround)
⑥The small island with beautiful scenery _________________ (被……围绕) the sea.
surrounding
surrounded
surroundings
is surrounded with/by
5)astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶)
(教材原句)The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean, astonished me by its power.
阳光照亮了海面下三十英尺深的地方，它的力量使我大吃一惊。
What astonished me most was that she still remembered my name.
使我万分惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字。
He was astonished to learn he'd won the competition.
得知他赢得了比赛后，他感到很惊讶。
[考点归纳]
(1)astonished adj. 吃惊的
be astonished at/by 因/对……感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth./that... 某人惊讶于(做)某事
be astonished to find/hear/learn/see惊讶地发现/听到/获悉/看到
(2)astonishment n. 惊异
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
in astonishment 吃惊地
(3)astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的
[一言助记]　To my astonishment, they weren't astonished at the astonishing news, so I looked at them in astonishment.
令我吃惊的是，他们听到这个令人惊讶的消息时并不吃惊，于是我惊讶地望着他们。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①My sister ran 100m in an ________ (astonish) 11.9 seconds.
②We were astonished ________ (find) the temple still in its original condition.
③The audience was inexpressibly ________ (astonish) at the brilliant performance.
astonishing
to find
astonished
④使我惊讶的是他取得了这样快的进步。
___________________________________________. (What astonishes sb. is...)
＝____________________________________. (astonishment)
＝________________________________________. (be astonished that)
What astonished me was that he made such rapid progress
To my astonishment, he made such rapid progress
I was astonished that he made such rapid progress
6)account for 是……的原因；解释；占(一定数量或比例))
The Chinese market accounts for 35% of the company's revenue.中国市场占该公司收入的35%。
(应用文之求职信)I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into account.
如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。
How do you account for the show's success
你认为这次演出为何成功？
On no account can we do violence to public facilities.
我们绝对不可以破坏公共设施。
[考点归纳]
take...into account＝take account of 考虑到，顾及
give sb. an account of 向某人描述……
on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Good suggestions are worth adopting ________ account of their benefit to us all. ________ no account will you ignore them.
②His exam results were not good, but we must take the fact that he was ill for a long time ________ account.
③The application of new technologies and the wide appeal of movie stars could also account ________ the increase.
on
On
into
for
7)(教材原句)Above me was the calm surface of the sea.我头顶上是平静的海面。)
[句式解构]　本句是全部倒装句，结构为：地点副词(短语)＋谓语＋主语＋其他。
[名师点津]
全部倒装句的条件：
(1)表示地点、方位或时间的副词，如here、 there、 in、 out、 up、 down、 away、 now、 then等置于句首时；
(2)谓语动词一般为be动词或lie、 come、 go、 stand、 exist等表示“存在、位于”或“位置移动”的动词；
(3)句子的主语为名词(如果句子的主语为代词，主谓不倒装)；
(4)句子时态常为一般现在时或一般过去时。
Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.
你盼望已久的信在这儿。
Then came the disturbing news that the missing plane crashed into the ocean.
然后传来了那架失踪的飞机坠入海洋的令人不安的消息。
In front of the house stands a big tree.
房子前面矗立着一棵大树。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级
①There ________ (exist) an abandoned farm in the distance.
②突然，进来一个戴面具的人。
Suddenly, ________________________ with a mask.
③________________________ (湖周围是) a huge number of farms.
④________________________ (公共汽车来了) and we have to say goodbye.
exists
in came a man
Around the lake are
Here comes the bus
⑤A small boy rushed from behind the door.
→________________________________ a small boy. (用倒装句改写)
⑥The man jumped down from the horse.
→________________________ the man from the horse. (用倒装句改写)
From behind the door rushed
Down jumped
8)(教材原句)Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind.,尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。
[句式解构]　独立主格结构
(1)构成：名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语
(2)句法功能：在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。
(3)特点：
名词/代词＋现在分词(主动关系)
名词/代词＋过去分词(被动关系)
名词/代词＋不定式(不定式表示动作尚未发生)
Time permitting, we can wander around the park.
如果时间允许，我们可以去公园漫步。(条件状语)
The problem solved, he felt relieved.
问题解决了，他感到如释重负。(原因状语)
So much baggage to carry, I had to take a taxi.
有那么多行李要拿，我不得不乘出租车。(原因状语)
[误区警示]　在“名词＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，名词前面不用冠词，也不用其他任何修饰成分。
Our teacher came in, book in hand．
我们的老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We'll make a voyage to Hong Kong, weather ________ (permit).
②He was listening carefully in class, his eyes ________ (fix) on the blackboard.
③So many people ________ (help) him, Bob is sure to handle the situation very well.
④With several places of interest ________ (attract) him, he decided to stay for another two days.
⑤Sweat ________ (drip) from his face, the farmer worked in the field.
permitting
fixed
to help
attracting
dripping
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The exercises are designed to ________ (伸展) and build up your leg muscles.
2．Like any other public ________ (仆人), police must respond to public demand.
3．Challenge yourself and take ________ (负责) of your own growth in your career.
4．A friend introduced me to Tom, an experienced airline ________ (机长)and licensed doctor.
stretch
servant
charge
captain
5．Those who tend to think back can hardly go ________ (向前).
6．In order to preserve the quiet study environment, using mobile phones isn't ________ (允许) anywhere in these areas.
7．I am ________ (惊讶的) at the way God knows when to send a special gift of encouragement at just the right time!
8．These outdated devices ________ (消耗) much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
ahead
permitted
astonished
consume
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．Information from China's Mars probe could __________ (解释) many questions raised by previous studies.
2．It is particularly worrying that nobody seems to be ___________ (负责，管理).
3．Parents should realize that it's illegal to read their children's letters __________________ (未经允许).
4．____________________ (令我们非常吃惊的是), he should reject the job offer from the big company.
account for
in charge
without permission
To our great astonishment
5．When you ________________ (被……包围着) positive people, you will focus on what you can do instead of what you can't.
6．In fact, there are many factors that ____________________ (与……有关) your failure in the driving test.
7．Remember to ________________ (反思) your mistakes from time to time.
8．His bravery and determination ______________________ (给我们留下了深刻印象).
are surrounded with
are related to
look back on
left a deep impression on us
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．走路时，她发现地上有个闪闪发光的东西。
__________________， she found a shining thing on the ground.
2．所有工作都做完了，女孩关了电脑，离开了办公室。
_________________， the girl switched off the computer and left the office.
3．戴维英语讲得很完美，就好像他在英格兰住了很多年似的。
David speaks English perfectly _________________________________.
When/While walking
All the work finished
as if he had lived in England for many years
4．站在门口的那个年轻人借过我的书。
By the door ________________________ who borrowed my book.
5．看到这个与那起恶性事故有关的年轻人，我们都很吃惊。
We were all astonished to see the young man ______________________ the terrible accident.
stood the young man
(who was) related to/in relation to
1．He ________ (使吃惊) us by sponsoring so many young people through college.
2．How can you get the wine free of ________ (收费)
3．She walked ________ (在前面)of him in the exhibition room.
答案：astonished
答案：charge
答案：ahead
4．George writes each ________ (章节) vividly from the perspective of a specific character，providing a limited point of view for each section.
5．Calligraphy is a visual art ________ (有关联) to writing.
6．Chinese painting and calligraphy have ________ (区别的)features.
7．Most drivers are fond of driving along the ________ (宽的) highway.
答案：chapter
答案：related
答案：distinguishing
答案：broad
8．The exercises are mostly designed to ________ (伸展) and build up your leg muscles.
9．The refrigerators which are at the exhibition ________ (消耗)70 percent less electricity than traditional models.
10．I will go to the exhibition if my health ________ (允许).
答案：stretch
答案：consume
答案：permits
Ⅱ.短语填空(每空2分，满分12分)
in charge, be permitted to, be fascinated by, look back upon, leave an impression upon, account for
1．The young man in question, Charles Darwin, who was a geologist and naturalist, ____________ rocks, plants and animals.
答案：was fascinated by
2．This is the first time I have come here and the delicious seafood ____________ me.
答案：leaves an impression upon
3．Too much pressure may ____________ your recent low efficiency in study.
答案：account for
4．If you have any questions about our products, you can ask our person ____________．
答案：in charge
5．As I ____________ my childhood, I am filled with fond memories of spending time with my family.
答案：look back upon
6．Students ____________ use their phones during the lunch break or after school.
答案：are permitted to
Ⅲ.单句语法填空(每空1分，满分10分)
1．When the sculptor returned, he praised the two ________ (serve)，“Well done, you are upright and faithful servants！”
答案：servants
解析：考查名词。句意：“当雕刻家回来时，他赞扬了这两个仆人，说：‘干得好。你们是正直且忠诚的仆人！’”two为数词，后面跟名词复数。
2．It is forbidden to use the seal without special ________ (permit).
答案：permission
解析：考查名词。句意：未经特殊许可不得使用这枚印章。
3．________ (fascinate) by the vases in the windows, the boy stayed there although his mother had left.
答案：Fascinated
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那个男孩被橱窗里的花瓶吸引住了，尽管他妈妈已经走了，但他还是待在那里。boy与fascinate之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词。
4．His work also has a level of realness that is ________ (astonish) in an exhibition.
答案：astonishing
解析：考查形容词。句意：他的作品也有一定程度的真实性，这在展览中是令人惊讶的。is为系动词，后面跟形容词作表语。
5．The meat was declared unfit for human ________ (consume) in the broadcast.
答案：to consume/consumption
解析：考查名词。句意：在广播节目里，这种肉被宣布不适合人类吃。
6．________ (gradual) , the children began to be fond of Chinese calligraphy.
答案：Gradually
解析：考查副词。句意：孩子们渐渐开始喜欢中国书法。
7．The teacher demonstrated a way to measure the ________ (deep) of the ocean.
答案：depth
解析：考查名词。句意：老师演示了测量海洋深度的方法。
8．The professor vividly demonstrated a way ________ (relate) theory with practice.
答案：to relate
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：教授生动地演示了一种理论联系实际的方法。
9．The sculptor looked at me with kind, tired eyes ________ (surround) by wrinkles.
答案：surrounded
解析：句意：雕刻家用一双布满皱纹的慈祥而疲惫的眼睛看着我。此处eyes与surround之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
10．He was one of the last of the crowd ________ (pass) through the neighbourhood.
答案：to pass
解析：句意：他是人群中最后通过社区的人之一。根据句意可知，此处用不定式作后置定语。
Ⅳ.熟词生义(每空2分，满分10分)
根据句子提供的语境及语意选择与句中黑体词相符合的词性和词义。
1．I wonder how much you charge for your service.
A．n. responsibility for sb. or sth.
B．vi. to ask an amount of money for goods or a service
________________
答案：B
2．He captained the team to victory in the football championship.
A．n. the person in charge of a ship
B．vt. to lead a group or team of people and be their captain
________________
答案：B
3．He has to apply for a permit, and we have to find him a job.
A.n. an official document that gives sb. the right to do sth.
B．vt. to allow sb. to do sth. or to allow sth. to happen
________________
答案：A
4．She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.
A．vt. to tell a story
B．vt. to show or make a connection
________________
答案：A
5．Martha would consume nearly a pound of cheese per day.
A．vt. to use sth., especially fuel, energy or time
B．vt. to eat or drink sth.
________________
答案：B
Ⅴ.完成句子(每空2分，满分10分)
1．当和老师说话的时候，你们不应该缺乏礼貌。(while引导时间状语从句的省略)
________________________________， you should not lack politeness.
答案：While speaking to the teacher
2．恐怕我不会允许我的女儿嫁给那个好吃懒做的人。(permit sb. to do sth.)
I am afraid I can not __________________ the guy who likes to eat but hate to work.
答案：permit my daughter to marry
3．尽管缺乏战斗经验，作者还是生动地描述了战争场面。(while引导让步状语从句)
__________________， the author vividly describes the war scenes.
答案：While he lacks battle experience
4．我和康塞尔一直挨得很近，近到好像能透过金属外壳听到彼此说话。(as if，与过去相反的虚拟语气)
Conseil and I remained near each other, _________________ through our metal cases.
答案：as if an exchange of words had been possible
5．北京市以其美丽的建筑而闻名，其中有许多历史建筑。(inside which引导非限制性定语从句)
The city of Beijing is known for its beautiful architecture, __________.
答案：inside which many historical buildings are located
Ⅵ.课文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
In 1866, Biologist Professor Pierre Aronnax and his men set off 1.________ (hunt) the terrible creature. While 2.________ (attack) from the ship, Aronnax and his colleagues fall into the sea, and discover the “creature” is 3.________ (actual) a submarine. They are captured and taken inside the submarine, where they meet the man in charge. To keep this secret, Captain Nemo doesn't permit them to leave. So they 4.________ (fascinate) by their adventures in the new underwater world.
When Aronnax looks back upon the impression left upon him, he thinks words are not enough to relate his experience.5.________ the waters, everything seemed to lose their weight. People could distinguish 6.________ (object) at a distance of 150 yards. The water surrounded them was but another air 7.________ (heavy) than the Earth's atmosphere, but almost as clear. The dazzling carpet drove 8.________ the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity, 9.________ accounted for the vibration. Even at the 10.________ (deep) of thirty feet, people could see as if they were in broad daylight.
1．答案：to hunt
解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，皮埃尔·阿龙纳斯与他的随从出发去捕捉可怕的生物，故用不定式作目的状语。
2．答案：attacking
解析：考查非谓语动词。Aronnax and his colleagues与动词attack之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
3．答案：actually
解析：考查副词。根据句子结构可知，此处用副词作状语。
4．答案：are fascinated
解析：考查动词时态和语态。根据语境可知用一般现在时，且主语与fascinate之间是被动关系，故用are fascinated。
5．答案：Under
解析：考查介词。表示“在水下”介词用under。
6．答案：objects
解析：考查名词。
7．答案：heavier
解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据后面的than可知，此处形容词应该用比较级。
8．答案：away
解析：考查固定搭配。
9．答案：which
解析：考查关系词。根据句子结构可知，此处应该用which引导非限制性定语从句。
10．答案：depth
解析：考查名词。表示“深处”用名词depth。
层级二　语言能力训练
Ⅰ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
On Tuesday, my husband and I were going on a birthday getaway staycation in Sydney to celebrate my birthday. At one station about to enter the subway, I __1__ left behind a very valuable bag. Not just valuable in price but very __2__ as it was the gift my parents bought me when I became a doctor a few years ago.
I thought I forgot it on the subway and when I __3__ 10 minutes later, my husband and I got off the train __4__ looking for staff (员工) to tell them. I filed a report to __5__ all people. I couldn't help it—it started to __6__ my time away I've been waiting for so long. I cried because it __7__ so much to me. By the time we got home yesterday, I officially lost hope.
This afternoon, when the doorbell rang, my husband opened the door and __8__ an express package. He came up stairs, “A __9__ for you.” My God, my bag! A lady __10__ me up on Facebook and tried calling so many times but because we were not friends, I couldn't receive the calls or __11__. She finally found my address. I was over the __12__！ I texted her back and knew she __13__ so much effort to get it back to me.
She sounded like such a(n) __14__ person and she even suggested we meet up for a coffee to celebrate __15__ and I will do just that!
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者把自己心爱的包遗忘在地铁上，一位善良的女士通过不懈努力把包还给了作者的故事。
1．(　　)
A.accidentally B．actually
C．obviously D．clearly
答案：A
解析：根据下文“Not just valuable in price but very”可知，在车站正要进地铁时，“我”意外地(accidentally)落下了一个非常贵重的包。
2．(　　)
A.suitable B．popular
C．emotional D．formal
答案：C
解析：根据下文“as it was the gift my parents bought me when I became a doctor a few years ago”可知，不仅价格昂贵，而且对“我”来说有感情(emotional)，因为这是几年前“我”成为医生时父母给“我”买的礼物。
3．(　　)
A.understood B．noticed
C．reflected D．chatted
答案：B
解析：根据上文“I thought I forgot it on the subway and”可知，10分钟后“我”才注意到(notice)包忘在地铁上了。
4．(　　)
A.quietly B．slowly
C．gracefully D．crazily
答案：D
解析：根据上文“Not just valuable in price but very ________ as it was the gift”可知，“我”丢了自己心爱的包，所以是疯狂(crazily)寻找。
5．(　　)
A.guide B．inform
C．promise D．connect
答案：B
解析：根据上文“I filed a report”以及后文“all people”可知，“我”写了一份报告通知(inform)所有人。
6．(　　)
A.put B．give
C．ruin D．blow
答案：C
解析：根据下文“I've been waiting for so long”可知，找包毁了(ruin)“我”的时间，“我”已经等了太久了。
7．(　　)
A.meant B．paid
C．wasted D．suffered
答案：A
解析：根据第一段中“as it was the gift my parents bought me when I became a doctor a few years ago”可知，包对“我”来说，意味着(mean)很多。
8．(　　)
A.placed B．received
C．sent D．mailed
答案：B
解析：根据下文“an express package”可知，今天下午，门铃响了，“我”丈夫打开门，收到(receive)了一个快递包裹。
9．(　　)
A.title B．request
C．surprise D．moment
答案：C
解析：根据下文“My God, my bag！”可知包找到了，所以他走上楼来，给“我”一个惊喜(surprise)。
10．(　　)
A.lighted B．picked
C．woke D．looked
答案：D
解析：根据下文“me up on Facebook”可知，那位女士在Facebook上查到(look up)了作者的信息。
11．(　　)
A.solutions B．messages
C．applications D．replies
答案：B
解析：根据上文“I couldn't receive the calls or”可知，一位女士在Facebook上找到了“我”，并多次给“我”打电话，但因为我们不是朋友，“我”收不到她的电话或信息(message)。
12．(　　)
A.moon B．earth
C．ground D．path
答案：A
解析：作者找到了包，非常高兴，此处为固定短语be over the moon，表示“欣喜若狂，非常高兴”。
13．(　　)
A.dealt with B．focused on
C．related to D．went through
答案：D
解析：根据下文“so much effort to get it back to me”可知，“我”给她回了短信，知道她费了(go through)好大的劲才给“我”送回了包。deal with处理；focus on集中于；relate to与……有关。
14．(　　)
A.awkward B．beautiful
C．outgoing D．curious
答案：B
解析：根据上文“she ________ so much effort to get it back to me”可知，这位女士心地善良，beautiful最能描述她，所以说她听起来像一个非常令人愉悦的(beautiful)人。
15．(　　)
A.love B．kindness
C．gratitude D．patience
答案：B
解析：女士帮助“我”找回了心爱的包，她提议我们见面喝杯咖啡来庆祝善意(kindness)。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Dillon Doeden is not an athlete—and yet, he's undertaking one of the toughest physical sports, climbing Mount Qomolangma. The dad from Omaha, Nebraska, is motivated by someone special: his 5yearold son, Connor, who has a disease of muscular dystrophy (肌营养不良) called Duchenne.
Connor was said to have Duchenne when he was 2 years old. Duchenne is a disorder that causes muscle wasting of every muscle in the human body. And it finally leads to death. There is no cure. But people like Doeden are trying to change that.
The disease is rare, but Connor is not alone. Doeden met a fellow dad, Jim Raffone, on the Internet, who has a son with Duchenne. Jim Raffone also runs JAR of Hope, a charity to bring awareness and raise money for Duchenne research. Raffone said they were going to do a big fundraiser by climbing Qomolangma to help try and fund a clinical trial for Duchenne and asked whether Doeden would go. Doeden said he absolutely would go.
“I am so grateful another dad in the Duchenne community is coming on the Climb For The Cure，” Raffone said. “We need to work together to make Duchenne a household name.” That's why they're planning to climb Qomolangma—the world's tallest mountain. “Why is it the Qomolangma Well, I would do anything for my son and we chose Qomolangma because, well, quite frankly, it deserves some attention，” Doeden said.
Doeden said he's been training for the climb—which is 80 miles round trip—and he feels confident that he can do it. For Doeden, the difficulty is worth it because of his son. “This isn't necessarily something I would have done on my own. But because we're doing it to help my son and others dealing with Duchenne, it's easy to stay motivated in my book. Like, there's nothing I wouldn't do，” he said.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Dillon Doeden为了给肌营养不良症的儿子募集资金而勇攀珠穆朗玛峰的故事。
1．What made Doeden choose to climb Mount Qomolangma？(　　)
A．His love for his son.
B．His son's encouragement.
C．His role as an athlete.
D．A wish to conquer Mount Qomolangma.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The dad from Omaha, Nebraska, is motivated by someone special: his 5yearold son, Connor, who has a disease of muscular dystrophy called Duchenne.”可知，是对儿子的爱让Doeden选择攀登珠穆朗玛峰。故选A项。
2．What can we know about Duchenne？(　　)
A．It causes loss of blood.
B．It has no treatment.
C．It is a common disease.
D．It is deadly in the early stages.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Duchenne is a disorder that causes muscle wasting of every muscle in the human body. And it finally leads to death. There is no cure.”可知，Duchenne没有治疗方法。故选B项。
3．What is the goal of JAR of Hope？(　　)
A．To call on more people to join the charity.
B.To raise money for climbing Mount Qomolangma.
C．To raise the awareness of environmental protection.
D．To make Duchenne known to the public.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Jim Raffone also runs JAR of Hope, a charity to bring awareness and raise money for Duchenne research.”可知，JAR of Hope的目标是让公众了解Duchenne。故选D项。
4．Which of the following can best describe Doeden？(　　)
A．Attractive and responsible.
B．Courageous and determined.
C．Experienced and confident.
D．Athletic and professional.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Doeden said he absolutely would go.”可知他是勇敢的；根据最后一段中的“...and he feels confident that he can do it. For Doeden, the difficulty is worth it because of his son”可知，攀登有许多困难，但是为了儿子，他觉得值得做，所以是坚定的。故选B项。

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