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(共37张PPT)
宾语从句
The Object Clause
什么是宾语从句？
试比较：
We know him．
We know (that) he likes English.
主
主
谓
谓
宾语从句
宾
简单句
复合句
在主从复合句中，充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句
宾
主句
主句
连接词
从句
e.g. I think you should study hard.
构成：主句 + 连接词 +从句
(that)
宾语从句三大考点
一、连接词
二、从句语序
三、从句时态
一、连接词
1. 当从句为陈述句时，连接词用that.
that在句中无意义，只做连接使用,在口语中可省略.
e.g. The earth goes around the sun. I know…
He will be back in an hour. I think…
I know that the earth goes around the sun.
I think that he will be back in an hour.
看从句的类型
(2) Does Kate get up early Do you know
Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early
(1) Is Jim a good student I don’t know．
I don’t know if /whether Jim is a good
student.
２．当从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用________，译为”是否” ．
if/whether
eg:
注意：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况
一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种 情况只能用whether：
①与or not连用：
He asked me whether or not I was coming.
②在介词之后：
It depends on whether it is going to rain.
③在不定式之前：
We haven’t decided whether to go there.
练一练：
They wonder ________ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not.
A．that B．if
C．whether D．when
c
3.当从句为特殊疑问句时，由 ________ 连接．
Eg:
1.What is she doing Can you tell me
Can you tell me what she is doing
2.Where does she live Do you know
Do you know where she lives
特殊疑问词
从句句式 连接词
陈述句
that(无词汇意义)
一般疑问句
if ,whether(是否)
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词
如何确定连接词(根据从句句式)如何确定连接词(根据从句句式)
We know (that) he likes English.
主
谓
宾语从句
主
谓
宾
二、宾语从句的语序
句子的两种语序:
1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序
2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序
重要：宾语从句必须用 ________
陈述语序
She will go with us.
Will she go with us
Do you know where does he come from
Do you know where he comes from

二、宾语从句的语序
陈述句语序
陈述句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
_____+ ____ + … ____
句式结构比较
be
情态动词
助动词
主语
谓语
____ + ____ + _____ +… ____
.
主语

_____ +______+ _____+ …____
特殊
疑问词
一般
疑问句


____ + ______ + …_____
主语 动原

_______ +_______ + …____
主语 动原
结论: 陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句
中的be动词, 情态动词 ,助动词在主语后,
而在疑问句中,它们则在主语前
将下列句子改成陈述句语序：
1.Is there a bank near here
2.Is it on Fifth Avenue
3.Are they doing homework
There is a bank near here.
It is on Fifth Avenue.
They are doing homework.
4.Does she work in a hospital
5.Did you go to Center Park
6.Do we have to wear a uniform
she works in a hospital .
You went to Center Park.
we have to wear a uniform.
we can wear hats in school.
7.Can we wear hats in school
Where’s your pen pal from
Where does he live
What language does she speak
Why do you like pandas
Where your pen pal is from
Where he lives
What language she speaks
Why you like pandas
Exercise:
Which coat did you like best
I wonder which coat you like best.
用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。
我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？
Which tie do you like best？
特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序
连接词就是疑问词本身
I wonder
I wonder
which tie you like best.
2）、否定转移：主语是第一人称I、We，主句谓语是表示“想，认为”等意义的动词，如：think(认为)、believe(相信)、suppose(想)，若后面的从句表示否定意义，从句的否定一定要转移到主句中。其反义疑问句的人称和时态与宾语从句一致。
eg: 1、我认为你是不对的。
I think you are not right.
I don’t think you are right.

2、I don’t believe it’s his duty, is it
我相信这不是他的责任，是不是？
注意：在宾语从句中，否定前移的句子翻译成汉语时，要否定后移。如果宾语从句中含有表示否定意义的词，如:hardly / never / seldom / no / few / little 等，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式。
eg: We find that he seldom goes to visit his teacher , does he
1. 主现在、从随便：如果主句的时态是祈使句或一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是任何时态。
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where we’ll go fishing tomorrow.
Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here
三、宾语从句的时态
三大原则
2. 主过去，从过去：如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_________时态
（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。
例如：
He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
过去
3.客观真理很一般：如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，不受主句影响，永远用___________ 。
例如：
The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
一般现在时
I hear (that)
Jim_______ ( be ) a worker two years ago.
Jim ( be ) an English teacher now .
Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow .
Jim ( sing )a popular song now.
Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back.
Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.
was
is
will cook
is singing
has been
was playing
had learned
Exercise
1) He will go to Hong Kong .
2) He is sick.
3) He is reading a book .
4) He has finished his work.
1) he_________ Hong Kong .
2) he_____ sick.
3) he ___________ a book .
4) he____________
He said
would go
was
was reading
his work.
had finished
主句时态 从句时态
连接前 连接后
现在时(一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时), 一般将来时,Could you……,Would you please…..
保持不变
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般过去时
过去完成时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。
e.g. The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.
注:
如何确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)如何确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)
确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)
宾语从句三要素
连接词
that（陈述句 ）
if／whether（一般疑问句 ）
特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)
时态
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
主句为一般过去时
从句
一般过去时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
语序：
宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
主句为客观真理 自然现象
公式定理 名言警句 从句用一般现在时
小结
听歌填词
I don't care who
Where
What
As long as you love me
you
are
you're
from
you
did
练一练
( )1. Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
( )2. Would you please tell me ________
A. when did he come home
B. where would he play football
C. if had he seen the film
D. why he didn’t watch the game
( ) 3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
( )4. I want to know_________.
A. what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
D
D
B
D
( ) 5. I don’t know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
( ) 6.---We don’t know _____________.
---It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A. what he is
B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from
D. which country is he from
( ) 7. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday
A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
( ) 8. Could you tell me ______ she is looking for
A. that B. whose C. who D. which
B
C
C
C
1. I hear (that) _____________________. (一小时后他会回来）
he will be back in an hour
he missed us very much
3. The teacher told us (that) ___________________________.
（地球围着太阳转）
the earth moves around the sun
2. He said (that) _____________________. (他非常想念我们）
完成句子
4. I want to know _______________ _________________________. (他是否跟我们一起去公园)
if (whether) he will go to the park with us
5. Ask him _____________________. (他是否能来)
whether (if) he can come
6. Please tell me __________________ ________. (我们将什么时候开会)
7. Can you tell me __________. (他在哪儿)
8. Could you tell me ______________ __________. (我该怎么去车站)
when we’ll have a meeting
where he is
how I can get to the station
Ⅰ.Find out the mistakes and correct them.
1 Could you tell me where do they live
2 She knew that Danny is a student.
3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn.
4 Do you know who car it is
找错误
was
is
whose
１．Do you know __________________
A. where does she live B. she lives where
C. where she lives D. where she live
2. His parents wanted to know what he ______at that time.
A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do
C
B
巩固练习：
I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
4．Lily’s mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find ________
what Lily was 　 B. what was Lily
C. where Lily was D. where was Lily
　　　　　　　　　
C
3.—We don’t know ______.
-- It is said that he was born in Canada.
what he is B. when he was born
C. where he comes from D. if he lives here
C
5 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
6 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled
A
C
7. Could you please tell me ________ he will come here tomorrow
A. if B. weather C. what D. which
　　　　　　
A
8. Could you tell me ___
A. when will they leave Beijing
B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing
D. when did they leave Beijing
C

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