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(共30张PPT)
Using language
-ing as attribute(动词ing形式作定语)
【语法导图】
V-ing 作定语
概述
考查方向
现在分词作定语与过去分词作定语的区别
性质、特征、用途
主动、进行
转化为形容词性质
Look at the sentences from the interview and answer the questions.
a ... there were over 200,000 people reading my blog!
b I love to photograph the rising sun, ...
1. In sentence (a), who read the blog
Over 200,000 people read the blog.
2. In sentence (b), what is rising
The sun is rising.
3.When do we put the -ing form before the noun it modifies and when do we put it after
If we use one single -ing form to modify a noun, we usually put it before the noun. If the -ing form plus other words is used to modify a noun, it is usually put after the noun.
1
②现在分词短语作定语，
置于被修饰的名词之后。
① 单个现在分词作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词之前，常表示正在进行的动作。
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
a ... there were over 200,000 people reading my blog!
c ... there were over 200,000 people who read my blog!
b I love to photograph the rising sun, ...
d I love to photograph the sun that is rising, ...
4.What is the difference between the two groups of sentences
The first group uses the -ing form as attributive while the second group uses attributive clauses.
5.Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage
Because the sentences using the -ing form as attributive are more concise and colloquial.
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
a ... there were over 200,000 people reading my blog!
c ... there were over 200,000 people who read my blog!
b I love to photograph the rising sun, ...
d I love to photograph the sun that is rising, ...
Look for more sentences with this structure in the interview.
1.Now I spend three weeks out of every month travelling and have over 464,000 fans following me online.
2.Today I’ve been photographing a crocodile swimming close to our boat, the Kimberley Quest, all day.
3.Over time, this could make her a danger to people living in the area.
-ing as attributive（动词 -ing 形式作定语）
一、概述
现在分词是一种非限定动词，兼有动词和形容词的特征，在句子中可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，一般表示进行或主动的意思。现在分词作定语用来修饰和限制名词，表示被修饰名词的用途、功能、特征以及其动作、状态等。
二、位置
1 单个现在分词作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词之前。
He asked an embarrassing question.
2 现在分词短语作定语，置于被修饰的名词之后。
Do you know the number of people coming to the party
注意：当 ing形式作后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句
如：(1) A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.
→A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.
(2) The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.
三、动词-ing形式作定语通常从以下三个方面考查：
1 说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途。
They set up an operating table in a small temple.
Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the meeting room.
2 与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。
There were about 200 children studying in the art school.
Who is the woman talking to our English teacher
3 有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……”:
exciting, amusing, amazing, astonishing, shocking, puzzling, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, pleasing, striking, boring, tiring, touching, moving, interesting, satisfying, frightening , terrifying等。
That must have been a terrifying experience.
The experiment was an amazing success.
四、 除了-ing 形式能作定语外， 如果-ing 形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动形式， 即being done通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语：
The tall building being built now is our new school.
The question being discussed was presented by the head master.
【即时巩固】①The stadium ___________________ now will be the biggest one in our city. 正在被设计的体育馆将是我们城市最大的一个。②The boys __________ at the school gate are my classmates.
聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。③The boy ___________________________________ is our monitor.
在教室里学习的男孩是我们的班长。④It was a really __________________ experience. Afterwards, everybody was very __________________.这真是一次可怕的经历。之后，大家都很震惊。
being designed
gathering
studying in the classroom
terrifying
shocked
五、现在分词ing与过去分词done作定语的区别
判断被修饰的词与非谓语动词的逻辑关系
主动ing
被动done
1. 主动：现在分词ing
I have never seen a more moving film.
There were over 2000 people reading my blog!
I love to photograph the rising sun.
2. 被动：done 已经被...
being done 正在被...
to be done 将要被...
Things lost never come again. 覆水难收
The houses being built are for the children.
The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is important.
3.前置定语：
boiling water
boiled water
relaxing
relaxed
ing done
正在进行 已经完成
令人...的 感到...的
正沸腾的水
开水
令人放松的
感到放松的
非谓语不能做______！
动名词：ing __________
分词： 现在分词ing __________
过去分词done __________
不定式：to do __________
谓语
相当于名词
进行、主动
完成、被动
还未发生的
1. As we all know, China is a great country ____________
(belong) to the Third World. 2. The poor girl appeared so frightened. She must have seen something __________________ (frighten) on her way home.3. The room ___________ (face) south is our classroom.4. We must improve our ____________ (work) method.5. The question ______________(discuss) now is about English grammar. 6. The bridge ________(build) last year needs repairing.
7. The project __________(do) next week requires careful planning.
8. Who is the boy ______________ (speak) to your sister 9. Last night, there were millions of people ______________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.10. We can wander among a variety of shops ______________ (sell) gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
巩固练习
belonging
frightening
facing
working
being discussed
built
speaking
watching
selling
to be done
11. Today there are more airplanes ______________ (carry) more people than ever before in the skies.
12. Passengers ______________ (travel) on this bus can buy their tickets online.13. They gave a ______________ (convince) show of the car’s safety features.14. Our students need to adapt to the rapidly ______________ (change) world.15. We are so touched by the really ______________ (touch) moment.16. A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those
______________ (want) a good night’s sleep.
traveling
convincing
changing
touching
wanting
carrying
II. 同义句转换举例： A man living in the village rarely sees subways. →A man who lives in the village rarely sees subways.1. Those who wish to join the club should sign here.→Those ______________________________ the club should sign here.2. The meeting which is being held now is very important.→The meeting _______________________now is very important.3. There were some people who were swimming in the river.
→There were some people _________________ in the river.
wishing to jion
being held
swimming
Grammar: -ing as attributive
Rewrite the underlined words using the -ing form.
Grammar: -ing as attributive
The Bernina Express follows a route running from Eastern Switzerland to Northern Italy. People travelling aboard the Bernina Express have the chance to see incredible views. The landscape lining the route is beautiful and dramatic, with snowy mountains and green valleys.
Grammar: -ing as attributive
There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers wanting to get back to nature: the train window becomes the TV screen, and the natural world is the show.
1. express v. 表达，表现，
n. 快车；快递
adj. 快递的，特快的
express one’s ideas 表达某人的观点
express way/train 高速公路/特快列车
2. eastern/western/northern/southern
东部的，西部的，北部的，南部的
3. incredible 不可思议的，难以置信的
=unbelievable
4. dramatic激动人心的；突然的，急剧的；戏剧性的
dramatic increase/fall 暴涨，暴跌
dramatic change 巨变
dramatic effect/influence 巨大影响
dramatic improvement 巨大提升、进步
Eg. 电脑给日常生活带来了巨大的变化，让生活更便利
Computers have brought dramatic changes to the people’s daily life, bringing great convenience.
5. snowy adj 下雪的，积雪覆盖的
snowy white 雪白的
6. there is no doubt that 毫无疑问的是...
7. screen 屏幕
Grammar: -ing as attributive
Rewrite the advertisement using the -ing form to make it more compact and coherent.
Are you one of those people working around the clock Are you getting “itchy feet” Take a look at our new offer: a once-in-a-lifetime adventure to the beautiful islands of Hawaii!
Go on a boat trip to see whales jumping out of the water and hear the song of singing dolphins. Watch surfers catching the waves — and maybe even give it a go yourself!
Grammar: -ing as attributive
Rewrite the advertisement using the -ing form to make it more compact and coherent.
Put on your hiking boots and explore islands with waterfalls and active volcanoes. And at the end of the day, you won’t want to miss the view of the sun setting on the sea!
1. itchy feet 漫游的渴望，旅行的渴望
itchy adj 发痒的，渴望的
itch n/v 痒，渴望
2. break v. 打破，破碎
n. 间歇，休息
take a break 休息一下
break through 突破
break down 损坏，分解
break in 强行进入
break one’s heart 让某人心痛
break a record 打破记录
3. around the clock 夜以继日，昼夜不停
4. once-in-a-lifetime 一生只有一次的，千载难逢的
5. adventure n. 冒险，奇遇
adventurous adj. 勇于冒险的
1. surf v. 上网；冲浪
surf the Internet 上网冲浪
surfer 冲浪者
give it a go 试一试；放手一搏
go n. （做某事的）尝试 ，一番努力(=try n.)
I passed my driving test first go.
--- I can't sart the engine. ---Let me have a go
2. put on 穿上；上演；增加
3. waterfall 瀑布=fall
1. How to transfer the attributive clause into the present participle as attributive
2. What should we prepare before going on a trip
Homework

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