资源简介

(共37张PPT)
Unit 5 Poems
Two roads diverged（岔开；分开） in a wood, and I-I took the one less travelled by, and that has made all the difference.
----Robert frost
一片树林里分出两条路--而我选了人少的一条，从此决定了我一生的道路。
----罗伯特. 弗罗斯特
Reading and Thinking
第壹部分
A Few Simple Forms of English Poems
英文诗歌的几种简单形式
How many parts can it be divided into
General Introduction
Body: some simple forms of English Poems
Conclusion
There are various reasons why people compose poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader’s mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.
人们作诗有着各种各样的理由。有些诗是为了叙事，或是描述读者脑海中的某个形象，有些诗歌试图传达某些诸如喜悦、悲伤之类的情感。
why引导定语从句，作状语，修饰reasons
写诗
......的原因有很多
一些...，另一些...
描述某种意象
v. 传递,传达；传送
para1
The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, descriptive and vivid language, integrated imagery, literary devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm.
诗歌的显著特点通常包括：用词简洁；语言描述生动、形象；具备整合的意象；使用明喻和暗喻等文学手法；词、行、押韵、节奏等的编排。
adj. 独特的，与众不同的
adj. 简练的；经济实惠的；节约的
整体的意象
adj. 各部分密切协调的，综合的
n. 明喻
n. 隐喻，暗喻
文学手法
n. 字行，诗行
n. 押韵
n. 节奏，韵律
Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.
诗人用许多不同形式的诗歌来表达他们自己。现在我们来看一些比较简单的（诗歌）形式。
to do 作目的状语
Reading for details Para.1
1. Why do people write poems
2. What are the features of poetry
Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs.
幼儿最早学习的一些英文诗歌是童谣，它们通常是传统的诗歌或民歌。
定语从句，省略that，修饰poems
童谣；儿歌
adj. 民间的
民歌
para2
The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words.
这些童谣的语言简单明了，像诗歌A，但带有故事情节。许多孩子喜欢童谣，因为他们押韵，节奏感强，并且经常重复相同的词汇。
简明扼要，恰到好处
prep. 像...
n. 故事情节
because 引导原因状语从句
有很强的节奏
The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.
童谣不一定有什么意义，甚至（有的）看起来自相矛盾，但是他们容易学，也容易背诵。通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。
有意义；讲得通
adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的
by + V-ing作方式状语
A
Hush, little baby, don’t say a word,
Papa’s gonna buy you a mockingbird.
If that mockingbird won’t sing,
Papa's gonna buy you a diamond ring.
If that diamond ring turns to brass,
Papa’s gonna buy you a looking glass.
If that looking-glass gets broke,
Papa’s gonna buy you a billy goat.
If that billy goat won’t pull,
Papa’s gonna buy you a cart and bull.
A
小宝宝，别说话，
爸爸给你买嘲鸫。
小嘲鸫，不会唱，
爸爸给你买钻戒。
钻石戒，变成铜，
爸爸给你买镜子。
小镜子，打破了，
爸爸给你买只公山羊。
公山羊，拽不动，
爸爸买辆牛车把它拉。
Reading for details
Characteristics
Hush, little baby, don’t say a word,
Papa’s gonna buy you a mockingbird.
If that mockingbird won’t sing,
Papa’s gonna buy you a diamond ring.
If that diamond ring turns to brass,
Papa’s gonna buy you a looking-glass.
If that looking-glass gets broke,
Papa’s gonna buy you a billy-goat.
If that billy-goat won’t pull,
Papa’s gonna buy you a cart and bull.
[ :]
[iη]
[a:]
[ u]
[u:]
Nursery Rhyme
1. have a _________
2. ___the same words
3. and have a
strong ______
4. easy to .
storyline
repeat
rhyme
rhythm
learn and recite
rhymes
repetition
rhythm
A
One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme.
最简单的一种诗歌就是“清单诗”，它包含了一系列事物、人物、思想或描写，这些都形成一个特定的主题。
形成一个特定的主题
that引导定语从句，作主语，修饰descriptions
which引导定语从句，作主语，修饰list poem
one + of + the + adj.最高级 + n. 复数 + 谓单
para3
List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme (like B and C), while others do not.
清单诗可长可短，可以重复一些短语，较为灵活，这就形成了这种诗的模式和节奏。有些清单诗有韵脚（如B和C），但有一些没有。
which引导定语从句，作主语，修饰phrases
B
Only One Mother
Hundreds of stars in the pretty sky,
Hundreds of shells on the shore together,
Hundreds of birds that go singing by,
Hundreds of lambs in the sunny weather.
Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn,
Hundreds of bees in the purple clover,
Hundreds of butterflies on the lawn,
But only one mother the wide world over.
George Cooper
B
母亲
数百颗星星挂在深蓝的天空，
数百颗贝壳遍布悠长的海岸，
数百只鸟儿鸣唱飞过，
数百只羊羔在阳光下往返，
数百滴露珠迎接黎明，
数百只蜜蜂飞舞在紫色的草原，
数百只蝴蝶在原野飞舞，
可只有一个母亲，在这茫茫的世间。
乔治·库珀
C
LIFE
Life can be good,
Life can be bad,
Life is mostly cheerful,
but sometimes sad
Life can be dreams,
Life can be great thoughts
Life can mean a person,
Sitting in court.
C
生活
生活可能美满，
生活可能悲伤，
生活时常充满欢乐，
但有时令人沮丧。
生活可能是梦想，
生活可能是伟大的思想，
生活也可能意味着一个人
坐在被告席上。
Reading for details
Only One Mother
Hundreds of stars in the deep blue sky,
Hundreds of shells on the shore together,
hundreds of birds that go singing by,
Hundreds of bees in the sunny weather,
Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn,
Hundreds of bees in the purple clover,
Hundreds of butterflies on the lawn,
But only one mother the world over.
Life
Life can be good,
Life can be bad,
Life is mostly cheerful,
but sometimes sad,
Life can be dreams,
Life can be great thoughts,
Life can mean a person,
Sitting in court.
nature; life
repetition
rhymes
metaphors
parallelism
theme
poetic
devices
What does these words “stars, shells, birds, butterflies...”refer to in this poem？
A. Wonderful things in the world
B. What you can see
C. What you can imagine
a particular__________
__________ phrases
________ line length
theme
repeated
flexible
B &C. List poem
Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. Look at the example (D).
另外一种（诗歌）业余爱好者容易写的形式简单的诗叫五行诗，是由五行组成的。用五行诗，你可以用少量的词语描绘一幅动人的画面或一种特定的心情。看例子（D）。
that引导定语从句，作宾语，修饰poem
which引导定语从句，作主语，修饰the cinquain
由...组成
n. 业余爱好者；生手，外行
n.情绪，心情，语气
用几句话；三言两语
para4
D
Brother
Beautiful, athletic
Teasing, shouting, laughing
Friend and enemy too
Mine
D
兄弟
爱美，又爱运动
爱闹，爱叫，又爱笑
是我的朋友
也是我的敌人
Reading for details
Cinquain
Brother
Beautiful, athletic
Teasing, shouting, laughing
Friend and enemy too
Mine
(1 noun.)
(2 adj.)
(3v-ing.)
topic
describe the topic
describe actions
convey opinions or feelings
restate the topic (结尾点题)
(4 words)
( 1 word)
1.What do the author mainly talk about
2.What emotion does the poem convey
D
Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers.
俳句诗是一种日本诗歌类型，它由17个音节组成。它的格式是三行，分别包含5、7和5个音节。它不是英文诗歌的传统形式，但是在用英语写作的人们中间，这种诗很流行。
that引导定语从句，作主语，修饰poetry
包含；由...组成
V-ing作定语
adv. 分别的，依次的
n. 格式，总体安排，版式
v. 格式化
不是...而是...
受…欢迎
para5
It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words. The haiku poem (E) on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.
它容易写，而且像五行诗一样，可以用很少的词语呈现出清晰的画面，表达出特殊的情感。右边的俳句诗（E）是从日文翻译过来的，他展现了一只优美的蝴蝶生命中的一瞬间。
adj. 精美的，精致的，脆弱的
which引导定语从句，作主语，修饰poem
在右边
V-ing作方式状语
(__ syllables)
7
Reading for details
(__ syllables)
5
(__ syllables)
5
E
Characteristics:
3 lines; 17 syllables (5,7,5)
metaphor 暗喻
疑是落花
返枝头。
原是蝴蝶翩翩舞!
Read Para.4 & 5 carefully, and find out the similarities and differences between the Cinquain and Haiku
Differences
Similarities
Cinquain
Haiku
lines
lines
syllables
from .
Both convey by using words.
five
17
Japan
a strong picture
just a few
three
English speakers also enjoy poems from China, those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English, such as this one (F).
说英语的人也喜欢中国的诗歌，尤其是唐朝的诗歌。许多唐诗已经被翻译成英文了，比如这一首诗（F）。
同位语
prep.短语作后置定语
尤其；特别 = particularly
translate ... into ... 把...翻译成...
para6
Tang poem: poem F & para.6
望夫石
望夫处，江悠悠,
化为石，不回头。
山头日日风复雨，
行人归来石应语。
Where she awaits her husband,
On and on the river flows
Never looking back,
Transformed into stone.
Day by day upon the mountain top,
wind and rain revolve.
Should the journey return,
this stone would utter speech.
1. What is the topic
2. Which of the following words can convey the woman’s feelings
Waiting
loneliness joy love
anger hate sorrow
loneliness
love
sorrow
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try!
有了这么多不同的诗歌类型可供选择，你最终也许想自己作诗了。试一试吧！
with + 宾语 + 宾补（to do）
属于自己的
从...中选择
para7
summary the structure
A few simple forms of English poems
Part 1 (para. )
Part 2 (para. )
Part 3 (para. )
and
have a try
para.2
Nursery rhymes
童谣
para.3
List poems 清单诗
para.4
Cinquain
五行诗
para.5
Haiku
俳句
para.6
Tang poem
唐诗
forms of Poems
1
2-6
7
reasons
characteristics
5
Read again the text and complete the table
Type of poem Characteristics Example Topics and poetic devices （修辞手法）
Nursery rhyme concrete but creative language A love between father and baby
rhymes, repetition
List poem B
C
a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions of a particular theme
flexible line length
repeated phrases
nature
repetition
life
repetition
Type of poem Characteristics Example Topics and poetic devices
Cinquain D
Haiku E
Tang poem F
five lines
a few words
17 syllables
three lines, containing 5,7, and 5 syllables respectively
structured
various themes
be full of imagination
brother
show strong picture or mood
nature
waiting
Fast reading
1. How many forms of poems does the passage talk about
A. 8. B. 7. C. 6. D. 5.
2. Which two poems have rhyming lines
A. Poems A and B.
B. Poems C and D.
C. Poems E and F.
D. Poems A and E.
Fast reading
4. What kind of feeling is conveyed in Poem F
A. Love. B. Sorrow.
C. Happiness. D. Anger.
3. What does the phrase "hundreds of" in Poem B highlight
A. Stars. B. Birds.
C. Only one mother. D. Dewdrops.
Poetry comprehension
Poems paint pictures with words through the use of figures of speech and metaphors, so to understand a poem fully, you have to imagine in your mind the picture the poem is painting. Further, the sounds, rhythm, and rhymes in a poem give it a musical quality. Poems often have to be read aloud, and with feeling, to be really understood and enjoyed.
Read for poetry comprehension
Activity 4
Step 3 Post-reading
根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文
There are various reasons why people compose poetry. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, __________ (describe) and vivid language, integrated imagery, literary devices and __________ (arrange) of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express __________ (they). Now I'll introduce some simpler forms to you.
Nursery rhymes are __________ (usual) the traditional poems or folk songs. The language of nursery rhymes is __________ the point and has a storyline. Nursery rhymes rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. Therefore, children enjoy them. They are easy __________ (learn) and recite. Children learn about language by playing with the words in nursery rhymes.
descriptive
arrangement
themselves
usually
to
to learn
Language Points

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