资源简介

(共31张PPT)
Unit 1
1. apply v.
1）（通常以书面形式）申请；请求
apply (to sb./ sth.) for…（向某人/某物）申请…
我正在写信向我们学校英语俱乐部申请成为其中一员。
I’m writing to apply to our school English club for being a member.
apply to do sth. 申请做某事
据报道，100多万人申请在奥运会中做志愿者。
It is reported that more than 1 million people applied to serve as volunteers for the Olympic Games.
2）有关；涉及
apply to… 对…适用
我所说的只涉及你们中的一些人。
What I am saying applies only to some of you.
3）应用；涂，敷；勤奋工作
apply…to… 把…应用于…；把…涂抹于…
我们应该把我们课上所学应用到未来的工作和生活中。
We should apply what we learn in class to our future jobs and lives.
apply oneself/ one’s mind to… 致力于…；专心于…
我必须专心学习以便梦想成真。
I must apply myself to studying so as to make my dream come true.
[词形转换]
1）application n. 申请；用途
2）applied adj. 应用的
3）applicant n. 申请者
2. rent
1）v. 租用
rent sth. (out) to sb. 把某物租给某人
她同意把房间租给我。
She agreed to rent the room to me.
2）n. 租金；出租
for rent（尤用于告示）出租；招租
这房子正在招租。
This house is for rent.
[词形转换]
1）rented adj. 租用的
3. pack
1）v. 收拾（行李）；包装
pack (sth.) up 把…打包，把…装箱
玛丽匆忙地装好书包，离开了教室。
Mary packed her books up in a hurry and left the classroom.
2）v. 挤进，涌入；挤满
pack (into)… 挤满/挤进…
7万人今晚将涌进体育馆。
Seventy thousand people will pack into the stadium tonight.
pack sp. with… …挤满/挤进某地
公交车上挤满了人。
The bus was packed with people.
pack sb. off (to…) 把某人打发走
我最终成功打发她去睡觉了。
I finally succeeded in packing her off to bed.
3）n.（商品的）纸包；纸袋；一捆
a pack of 一盒，一包；一帮；一群
in packs 成群地
[词形转换]
1）packed adj. 异常拥挤的；挤满人的
2）package n. 包裹 vt. 将…包装好
4. amazing adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的
[词形转换]
1）amazed adj. 大为惊讶
be amazed at/ by 对…大为惊讶
她对法国文化的了解让我惊讶。
I was amazed at her knowledge of French literature.
be amazed to do sth. 因做某事很惊讶
be amazed that… 对…惊讶
I was banging so loudly. I was amazed (that) they didn’t hear me.
2）amazement n. 惊讶 to one’s amazement 令某人惊讶的是
3）amaze vt. 使惊奇
4）amazingly adv. 令人惊讶地
5. arrangement n. 安排；商定；布置
make arrangements (for…)（为…）做安排
我会给你安排在机场见面。
I’ll make arrangements for you to be met at the airport.
come to an arrangement (with sb.)（与某人）达成协议
经过长时间的沟通，我们就价格达成一致。
We have come to an arrangement over the price after a long talk.
[词形转换]
1）arrange v. 安排；整理
arrange for sth. 安排某物
秘书给申请人安排了个地方进行面试。
The secretary arranged a place for the applicants to have an interview.
arrange (for sb.) to do sth. 安排（某人）做某事
你有安排与张先生见面吗？谁了解农业？
Have you arranged to meet Mr. Zhang, who is an expert in agriculture
6. narrow
1）adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；刚刚好的；狭隘的
a narrow victory 险胜
a narrow escape 死里逃生
narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的
2）v.（使）变窄；缩小
narrow one’s eyes 眯起眼睛
他向她挤了挤眼睛。
He narrowed his eyes at her.
narrow down 缩小范围
我们把范围缩小到四个人。
We have narrowed down the list to four men.
7. powerful adj. 强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的
他洪亮的嗓音吵醒了我。
His powerful voice woke me up.
[词形转换]
1）power
① n. 权力；力量；能力
come into power 掌权
这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。
The party came to power at the last election.
have the power to do sth. 有权做某事
他有权批准这些提案。
He has the power to approve the proposals.
beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力
in power 掌权，执政
② v. 驱动，推动（机器或车辆）
8. recognize v.
1）辨认出
recognize…by/ from… 通过…认出…
我通过她的红帽子认出了她。
I recognize her by her red hat.
2）承认；意识到
be recognized as… 被认为是…
曹雪芹写的《石头记》被认为是经典。
The Dream of the Stone written by Cao Xueqin is recognized as a classic.
It is recognized that… 人们公认….
父亲是在养育子女中发挥重要作用的，这是人们公认的。
It is widely recognized that fathers play a very important role in raising children.
[词形转换]
1）recognizable adj. 易于识别的
2）recognition n. 识别；承认
beyond/ out of recognition 完全认不出
9. accommodation n. 住处；膳宿
provide accommodation for… 为…提供膳宿
地震过后，当地政府要做的首要任务就是给无家可归的家庭提供膳宿。
After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodations for the homeless families.
[词形转换]
1）accommodate v. 提供住宿；容纳；适应（新情况）
accommodate/ adapt (oneself) to…（使自己）适应…
我们必须适应这些快速的变化。
We must accommodate ourselves to these rapid changes.
10. unique adj. (某人/地/物)独具的；唯一的
be unique to… 为…所特有的
众所周知，大熊猫是中国特有的。
As is known to us all, the giant panda is unique to China.
11. admire v. 欣赏；钦佩；仰慕
admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事而钦佩/赞赏某人
大家都欣赏她的幽默感。
Everyone admires him for his fine sense of humor.
[词形转换]
1）admiration n. 钦佩；赞赏；羡慕
have (great) admiration for… 钦佩…
我钦佩她是一个作家。
I have great admiration for her as a writer.
in admiration 钦佩地；赞赏地
2）admirable adj. 可钦佩的；令人羡慕的
3）admirer n. 追求者
[归纳拓展] v. + sb. + for (doing) sth.
thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事而感谢某人
blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事而责备某人
praise sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事而表扬某人
14. contact
1）v.（通过信件或电话）联系；接触
2）n. 联系；接触
make contact with 与…取得联系 =（get into contact with）
我最终与她在巴黎取得联系。
I finally made contact with her in Paris.
stay/ keep in contact with 与…保持联系
互联网使我们可以与朋友保持联络。
The internet helps us keep/ stay in contact with our friends.
be in contact with sb. 与某人有联系
lose contact with 与…失去联系
自从他儿子进入沙漠，她就与他失去了联络。
She’s lost contact with her son since he went into the desert.
come into contact with 与…接触
15. make up
1）构成，形成（不用进行时）
6个人可以组成一个排球队，然一个足球队需要11人。
Six players can make up a volleyball team while a football team is made up of eleven players.
2）虚构，编造
不要找借口，没用。
Don’t make up an excuse. It’s no use.
3）和解
两个男孩就比赛争吵起来，但他们已经和解了。
The two boys quarreled with each other about the match, but they have already made up.
4）补足，凑足
我可以今天下午早点离开，明天补上吗？
Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow
5）化妆，打扮；铺床
在聚会前，她花了数个小时给自己化妆。
She spent two hours making herself up before the party.
16. credit
1）n. ① 信用，信誉
② 计算，赊欠
on credit 赊欠；赊购
上周，我们赊购了一台笔记本。
Last week, we bought a laptop on credit.
③ 认可，赞扬，称赞
do sb. credit 使某人值得赞扬（= do credit to sb.）
你的孩子们都毕业于一流大学，真的值得你表扬。
Your children all graduated from key universities and they really do you credit.
to one’s credit 某人值得赞扬；给某人带来荣誉；在某人名下
To his credit, Jack was willing to give back the large amount of money he found.
give sb. credit for 为…给某人赞许
be a credit to sb./ sth. 为某人/某事物增光
④ 学分
2）v. 认为是…的功劳；把…归于
be credited to… 归功于…
机器人的发明要归功于这家公司。
The invention of the robot is credited to the company.
17. detail
1）n. 细节；详情
go into detail(s) 详细叙述；逐一说明
他不想细说这些天已经发生的事情。
He didn’t want to go into details about all the events that had happened those days.
in detail 详细地
这个问题要详细探讨。
The issue will be discussed in detail.
2）v. 详细说明
detail sth. to sb. 向某人详述某事
[词形转换]
1）detailed adj. 详细的
18. view
1）n.
① 观看，视野；风景
come into view 进入视野
这条河很快进入眼前。
The lake soon came into view.
in view/ out of view 在视线范围内/不在视野中
操场上没有人。
There was nobody in view/ out of view on the playground.
have a good view of… …一览无余
站在电视塔顶，你对这座城市一览无余。
Standing at the top of the TV tower, you will have a really good view of the city.
② 看法
in one’s view 在某人看来
在我看来，读书让你更加自信。
In my view, reading will make you more confident.
take the view that… 持有…的观点
我们觉得孩子们在很小的时候就应该做一些家务。
We take the view that children should do some housework from a very young age.
in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于
from one’s point of view 在某人看来
3）v. 把…视为；以…看待
view…as… 将…视为…；把…看作…
你最好不要把失败当成打败你的东西，而是变得越来越好的机会。
You’d better not view a failure as something that defeats you, but an opportunity to get better and better.
19. sight
1）n.
① 看见的事物；景象；看见
at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 一看到…
小女孩一看到妈妈就喜笑颜开。
The little girl’s heart lit up at the sight of her mother.
catch sight of 看见
当我在河岸跑步时，我突然看见河中有一只漂亮的鸟。
While running along the bank, I suddenly caught sight of a beautiful bird in the river.
lose sight of 看不见；忽视
父母不应该忽略他们孩子们的坏习惯。
Parents should not lose sight of their children’s bad behavior.
② 名胜；风景
③ 视力；视野
come into sight 进入视野，进入眼帘
当瀑布进入眼帘时，公交车上的游客都屏息凝视。
When the great waterfall came into sight, the tourists on the bus all held their breath.
in sight 在视野内
街上空无一人，很是安静。
The street was so quiet, with no one in sight.
out of (one’s) sight 在（某人的）视线外
这座高楼在我们的车拐弯时淡出了视线。
The tall building was out of sight when our car turned the corner.
lose one’s sight 失明
ment
1）n. 评论；议论；解释
make comments on/ about 对…加以评论
她对我的工作做了很多有用的点评，因此我很感激她。
She made helpful comments on my work, for which I was grateful to her.
No comment 无可奉告
2）v. 发表意见；评论
comment on/ upon… 对…加以评论；对…提意见
不了解整个过程，我觉得我不能对他们的决定加以评价。
Not knowing the whole course, I think I can’t comment on their decision.
Travelling around
PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu. Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. ①It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
TRAVEL PERU
Amazon Rainforest Tour（亚马孙热带雨林之旅）
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you'll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
Machu Picchu Tour（马丘比丘之旅）
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. ②Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. ③Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
Cusco Tour（库斯科之旅）
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
Lake Titicaca Tour（的的咔咔湖之旅）
④Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
So come and experience what Peru has to offer: everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains, and a beautiful coastline.
For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu. org.
① It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
强调句型“It is/ was + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他”
·强调句型的基本结构“It is/ was + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他”，该句型可强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语
[例] It was John that/ who bought the book in this shop yesterday.
[例] It was the book that John bought in this shop yesterday.
[例] It was in this shop that John bought the book yesterday.
[例] It was yesterday that John bought the book in this shop.
·含not…until结构的强调句
[例] It was not until he read the book that he understood the writer better.
使用强调句型时应注意以下几点：
·构成强调句型的It本身么有意思，，但不能用其他词代替
·被强调部分指人时，其后用that/ who均可，其他情况常用that
·被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，It后的be动词均用单数形式，即用is或was
·判断一个句子是否是强调句型的方法：去掉强调句型结构，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句，否则不是
·当被强调部分是主语时要注意主谓一致
[例] It was not you but he that was asked to gather information for the company.
② Especially amazing is the Inca’s dry stone method of building.
表语提前引起的全部倒装
·为保持句子平衡（主语较长）或使上下文衔接紧密，或为了强调表语，句子可用全部倒装，即可把表语的形容词、副词或介词短语提到句首，并把句子的主语和谓语动词倒装
[例] Among the guests were Dr. Smith and his children.
注：
·以地点副词here，there或时间副词now，then开头，后面的动词是be，come，exist，fall，follow，go，lie，remain，seem，stand等系动词或不及物动词，而主语又是名词（短语）时，构成完全倒装句；但当主语是代词时，不用倒装
[例] Now comes your turn.
Here we are.
·there be句型属于完全倒装结构，该句型中be还可用appear，lie，live，stand，remain，exist等表示存在的动词替换
[例] There lived a cruel emperor in the castle.
·副词away，down，in，off，out，over，round，up等位于句首时，其后也用完全倒装，这类倒装句的谓语通常是表示动态的不及物动词
[例] Away went the runners.
③ Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
so that引导的结果/目的状语从句
·so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此”；引导目的状语从句，意为“以便…”
[例] The heavy rain lasted for about a week so that the sports meeting had to be put off until the next month.
④ Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca.
as引导的时间状语从句
·as引导时间状语从句时，意为“随着，当…时”，强调主从句的谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行
[例] As time passes, her health seems to be getting worse.
注：
·as意为“随着”时，意思同with，但with为介词，后面不能跟从句
[例] As time goes by, his memory seems to get worse.
[例] With time going by, his memory seems to get worse.
注意：as引导的其他从句
·as引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，因为”
·as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如，依照”
·as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，as引导让步状语从句，从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形
[例] King as he was, he was unhappy.（单数名词作表语倒装时其前不加冠词）
Successful as he is, he is not proud.
Hard as/ though they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind.
Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem
·as引导定语从句，作关系代词，意为“正如，依照”
[例] As you can imagine, the trip is no piece of cake.
To: xl@
Subject: A travel plan to Xi'an
Dear Xiao Li,
My time here in China is going well. I love my new school and classmates. Over the October holiday, my parents and I are planning to go to Xi'an to see the Terracotta Army. I've heard that it is an amazing sight, and I can't wait to go. To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is almost unbelievable. It's amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.
We're also planning to visit several other places in Xi'an. My dad and I are both looking forward to going to the Shanxi History Museum, because my dad loves history and I have heard that this museum is known as a “Chinese treasure house”! We're also going to the Xi'an City Wall and a few other famous sights.
We're taking the train, leaving the day before the October holiday begins. We're arriving at 9: 30 a.m. and will start sightseeing right away, so I hope we sleep well on the train!
I guess that's all for now! I'll write again soon and send photos! Do you have any plans for the coming holiday Hope to hear from you soon.
Your friend,
Richard
Terracotta Army
Come and see the Terracotta Army：more than 8000 statues were made in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang !①Each Statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy
of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not been completely unearthed. More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well.
① Each Statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.
现在分词（短语）作结果状语
·语法意义：表示意料之中或自然而然的结果，其前有时可以用thus以表示强调
·逻辑主语：既可以是句子的主语，也可以是其前的整个句子，当现在分词的逻辑主语为前面的整个句子时，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句
·时态特征：其表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，因此作结果状语的现在分词（短语）只用一般式
·位置：多置于句末，且其前多用逗号隔开
·不定式（短语）作结果状语时，表示意料之外的或者不愿意看到的结果，其前多用only修饰
[例] He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
·作结果状语的其他结构
too…to… 太…而不能…
adj./ adv. + enough to do sth 足够…做某事
so/ such…as to…如此…以至于…
② “将来时”的表达法
·will表示纯粹的将来；还可以表示主语未经事先考虑、临时做的打算；will表将来，不可用于条件状语从句或时间状语从句，但可以表示人的意愿
·
be going to do表示说话者经过事先考虑打算做某事，或根据客观迹象判断即将发生某事，多用于口语
注：be going to既可表示主观打算，也可表示天气变化或根据客观迹象判断某事将要发生；will往往指没有经过计划而临时出现的意图，常伴有说话者的主观意愿
·be to do表示“将来 + 情态”意义，除了表示将来意义之外，还可表示按计划、义务、要求即将发生的动作，也可表示将来注定要发生的事情，具体而言，在不同的语境中，be to do结构可以表示多种不同的语意
1）表示“计划”或“安排”
[例] This line is to be opened to traffic next week.
2）表示“命令”，意为“必须”或“不准”
[例] No one is to leave the room without permission.
3）表示“意图”或“打算”，意为“想要”
[例] If you are to be there on time, you had better hurry.
·be about to do表示马上、立刻就发生的动作，该结构不能与具体的时间状语连用，但可以与when连接的分句连用，构成be about to do…when…结构，意为“正要做…，这时…”
·现在进行时表将来，表示一个动词的现在进行时不表示该动作目前正在进行，而是表示该动作在“将来的某个时间才发生”
1）位移动词的进行时表将来，位移动词其实属于“非延续性动词”一类，亦叫终止性动词或瞬间动词，位移动词的进行时表将来，实质是进行状态下的非延续动词体现出“未完成特征”，“未完成特征”实际就是“未发生”，意味着“将来发生”，这类表示位置移动的动词（词组）常见的有come，go，leave，arrive，fly，start，return，take off等
[例] The train is arriving soon.
2）表示根据计划或安排将要发生的动作，这类结构主语往往是人，常与表示将来的时间状语连用
[例] Peter and Mary are getting married on October 1st.
·一般现在时表将来
1）在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，或者说代替一般将来时
2）一般现在时表将来，主要用来表示按时间表、计划、规定或安排将要发生的事情，这种安排不可更改或不能随意变动，这类动词一般表示“开始，结束；到达，离开；起飞；开幕；举行；停止”等意义，如begin, start, end, arrive, leave, take off, open, hold, close, stop等

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